flc
Notas and Queries, July 29, 1911.
NOTES AND QUERIES:
FOR
LITERARY MEN, GENERAL READERS, ETC.
When found, make a note of." — CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
ELEVENTH SERIES.— VOLUME III.
JANUARY — JUNE, 1911.
LONDON:
PUBLISHED AT THE
OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, CHANCERY LANE, E.G.
BY JOHN C. FRANCIS AND J. EDWARD FRANCIS.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
AC
"boS
M.
LIBRARY
730975
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
ii s. in. JAN. 7, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
1
LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 1011.
CONTENTS.— No. 54.
NOTES :— Milton Bibles, 1— Bishopsgate Street Without, 2
— Chamney Family, 3 — Anglo-American Mail Service:
its Bicentenary— South African Bibliography— Samuel
Richardson and the English Philosophers, 5 -Bells and
Bell-Founders, 1560— Legal Macaronics, 6.
QUERIES :— "Terse" Claret-The Black Prince's Language
—"Die in beauty "—Roger Greatorex— Bibliography of
Folk-lore, 7— Thread -Papers— Pitt and Wilkes on Dis-
franchisement — Prebendary Gabriel Grant — Militia
Claims, 1716— Anne Boleyn : Bulley Family— Lacy as a
Place-Name, 8 — John Hudson — ' Pilgrim's Progress '
Imitated — Oundle — " Ennomic " — " Caeqehouias " —
"Carent": " Patricksmas " : "Lukesmas" — "Instant"
or "Current" — Rev. J. Samwell : Rev. J. Peacock —
Roeites of Calverton, 9— Andrew Arter's Memorial —
Church with Wooden Bell-Turret — " God moves in a
mysterious way," 10.
REPLIES r—Motto of 1851 Exhibition, 10 -Lord Mayor
Trecothick, 11— Turcopolier— Corn and Dishonesty, 12—
Eminent Librarians— Great Snow in 1614, 13— Christmas
Mummers — Christmas Bough or Bush — Owls called
"Cherubims" — Authors Wanted— John Bright's Quota-
tions, 15 — 'Gentleman's Magazine ' — Danes'-Blood, a
Flower, 16 — High Stewards and Recorders — Dante and a
Font— Miss Sumner, 17— Elizabeth Woodville and the
Kings of Cologne — Babies and Kittens — Lowthers v.
Howards, 18.
NOTES OX BOOKS :-Leland's ' Itinerary '—Reviews and
Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
JEtrrfes.
MILTON BIBLES.
A BIBLE in the British Museum (Add. MS.
32, 310) is thus described in " Facsimiles of
Royal, Historical, Literary, and other Auto-
graphs in the Department of Manuscripts,
British Museum. Edited by George F.
Warner, M.A., Assistant Keeper of Manu-
scripts. Series I. — V." : —
" The Holy Bible printed by Robert Barker,
London, 1612 : a copy which belonged to John
Milton, who on the page here reproduced [facing
the beginning of Genesis] entered memoranda of
the dates of the birth, &c., of himself and members
of his family, including his brother Christopher
Milton [baptized 3 Dec., 1615] and his nephews
Kd ward and John Phillips. The first five entries
appear to have been made together in 1646 :
the last two, written in 1657/8, after Milton had
become totally blind, were added under his
direction by another hand. — Add. MS. 32, 310."
The entries are as follows : —
" John Milton was born the 9th of December,
308, die Veneris half an howr after 6 in the
morning.
" Christofer Milton was born on Friday about
a month before Christmass at 5 in the morning,
1615.
" Edward Phillips was 15 year old August,
1645.
" John Phillips is a year younger, about Octob.
"My daughter Anne was born July the 29th
on the fast at eevning about half an houre after
six 1646.
" My daughter Mary was born on Wedensday,
Octob. 25th, on the fast day in the morning
about 6 a clock, 1618.
" My son John was born on Sunday, March the
16th about half an hower past nine at night, 1650.
" My daughter Deborah was born the 2d of
May, being Sunday, somwhat before 3 of the
clock in the morning, 1652.
" [His*] My wife hir mother dyed about 3 days
after. And my son about six weeks after his
mother.
" Katherin my daughter, by Katherin my
second wife, was borne ye 19th of October, between
5 and 6 in ye morning, and dyed ye 17th of March
following, 6 weeks after hir mother, who dyed
y9 3rd of Feb., 1657."
The Bible — an octavo edition of 1636
printed by Young — which Dr. Birch saw and
examined in 1749-50, when he visited
Milton's granddaughter Mrs. Foster in Cock
Lane, near Shoreditch Church, also contains
entries of births and deaths of Milton's chil-
dren. Dr. Birch's own account is as follows :
" She show'd me her Grand Mother's Bible in
8VO printed by Young in 1636, in a Blank Leafe
upon which Milton had enter'd in his own Hands
the Births of his Children, as follows: —
" ' Anne my Daughter was born July the 29th
the day of the Monthly Fast between six and
seven, or about half an hour after six the Ev'ning
1646.
' ' Mary my Daughter was born on Wednesday
Octob. 25 on the Fast Day in the morning about
six o'clock 1645.
' My Son John was born on Sunday March
the 16th halfe an houre past nine at night 1650.
" ' My Daughter Deborah was born the 2d of
May, being Sunday somewhat before 3 of the Clock
in the morning 1652.' " — Birch Autograph
MS. 4244.
Mrs. Foster, daughter of Deborah, third
daughter of Milton, of whom a long account
is given in vol. vi. p. 751 ff. of Masson's
' Life of Milton,' married Abraham Clarke,
who died some time after 1688. She
afterwards married Thomas Foster, " a
weaver in Spitalfields," and died in 1727.
All Milton's children are mentioned except-
ing Katherin. Masson gives the following
entries from the burial registers of St.
Margaret's, Westminster, " Feb. 10, 1657/8,
Mrs. Katherin Milton," and again, "March
20, 1657/8, Mrs. Katherin Milton," and
remarks that from these entries we should
not know which designated the mother
and which the child. He quotes, however,
a sentence in Phillips' s memoir of his uncle
Marked through.
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. 7, wn.
which " settles the point." This sentence is
as follows : —
'•By his [Milton's] second wife he had only
one daughter, of which the mother, the first year
after her marriage, died in^childbedjand the child
also within a month after."
Katherin Woodcocke married Milton on
12 November, 1656, and the child, according
to the parish books of St. Margaret's, West-
minster, was born 19 October, 1657. This
date is given in the Museum Bible. Had
Masson known of this Bible, he could even
have given the exact day of death.
There are slight differences in the wordings
of some of the entries in the two Bibles.
Here is another and important difference.
" I am the book of Mary Milton," i.e. Mary
Powell, Milton's first wife, is written, " in his
wife's handwriting," in the Birch Bible.
Those words are not in the Museum Bible,
but on the inside of the back cover is
written " Eliz. Elcock," and underneath
"Eliz. Salmon, Her Book" (apparently
maiden and married names). Of Milton's
third wife, Elizabeth, nee Minshull, who
died in 1727, the same year as Mrs.
Foster, surviving Milton fifty-one years,
we are told that she left all her effects,
after payment of debts, to her nephews and
nieces. Among those effects was " a large
Bible." Possibly this was the Museum
Bible, which had been acquired by one of
those nieces.
This Museum Bible was purchased from
Thomas Kerslake in 1884. Masson's 'Life
of Milton,' by the way, was published only
three years previously. I naturally inquired
of Dr. Warner whether Kerslake had given
any details as to how the Bible had come
into his possession. Dr. Warner kindly
looked over all letters received from Kerslake
during 1883 and 1884, but found nothing of
the kind. Kerslake, who is now dead,
wrote from Bristol. It would be extremely
interesting to know its history. And per-
haps some day the Bible described by Dr.
Birch may come to light. J. S. S.
BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT.
(See 11 S. ii. 246.)
THE widening of this ancient thoroughfare
begins at Lupinsky & Brandon's, tailors,
Nos. 134 and 135, and will extend to Norton
Folgate. It may be observed that the new
' Post Office Directory ' includes Bishopsgate
only, and has a note that Bishopsgate Within
and Without have been amalgamated under
the new title.
" The Black Raven," 136, Bishopsgate-
Street Without, survives, like the curate's
egg, " in parts." Some few years ago it
could be distinguished, not by a hanging
sign, but by a modern tessellated pavement
at the entrance, bearing a large black raven.
The probability, however, that it occupies
the site of a more ancient house with the
same sign is suggested by the circumstance
of the upper portion containing, among
other things, a very old-fashioned staircase,
which I have not at present seen, and heavy
beams of oak supporting the ceiling. My
informant is Mr. Samuel Mossman, the-
owner, who is landlord also of " The Swan
Hotel " at Stratford, E., and whose con-
nexion with " The Black Raven " has
lasted over fifteen years.
Mr. Mossman tells me that an old-fash-
ioned society called " Ye Olde White Dogs "
was held there for many years, and at Yule-
time the chairman always gave the toast
of " the buxom lasses and merry wives of
Bishopsgate." The " White Dogs " at the
same festive season distributed bread
and coal tickets among the poor inhabitants
of the surrounding district, a charity, sup-
ported by many City merchants, which did
a vast amount of good, but which has now
been removed to the Bishopsgate Institute
under a new name.
There is a seventeenth - century token
extant of " The Black Raven," but I do-
not remember to have seen the sign noted
by MB. McMuBBAY in his interesting lists
of some of the " Signs of Old London."
I have the remains of an old handbill,
dated 1791, of "The Black Raven," 136,
Bishopsgate Street Without. The land-
lord at that time was Alfred Love, who
announces the perhaps not surprising fact
that he was a " direct importer and Bonder
of all his wines and spirits, noted for Special
Scotch and Irish Whiskies." A raven
perched on a bough adorns this handbill.
But why weie the " White Dogs " so named ?
Angel Alley, which stood between Nos. 137'
and 138, but was swallowed up by the Great
Eastern Railway Station about, I think,
sixteen years ago, probably marked the site
of " The Angel Inn " in Bishopsgate Street,,
where the Parish Clerks, incorporated in
1232 by Henry III., kept their hall, that is,
the first hall of the Fraternity ; and by it was
an almshouse for seven poor widows of
deceased members. The Clerks kept the
account of christenings, casualties, &c.,
and published the bills of mortality, among
other privileges of their charter being exemp-
tion from parish duties in the parish wherein
ii s. in. j.«. 7, MI.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
they officiated ; they attended at funerals, j
and proceeded on foot before the corpse,
singing, until they reached the church ;
they had also (probably at "The Angel")
public feasts, with music and song.
Lamb Alley, formerly between Nos. 144
and 145, derived its name from a sign of
" The Lamb Tavern " ; and Sun Street,
part of which still exists at the back of
No. 144, though formerly it had a continua-
tion through the opposite side of the street,
also had its name from a sign of " The Sun."
A token of " The Sun " in Bishopsgate
Street, issued by W. I. A., probably relates
to Bishopsgate Within, where there was a
tavern of which Sun Yard marked the site :
"To be Sold
A Strong season' d Hunter ; also a gentle Gelding,
Master of about fourteen or fifteen Stone, fit for
a Lady. Enquire of Major Tames in Sun Yard,
Bishopsgate Street." — Daily Advertiser, 1 Oct.,
1741.
" The King's Arms," 128, Bishopsgate
Street, was an ale-house in 1742, unless the
following announcement relate to " The
King's Arms," 106, Bishopsgate Street
Within :—
" Lost the 31st of March last, from behind the
Stoke Newington Coach, between Stoke Newing-
ton and Bishopsgate, a Deal Box, with some
Shifts, and Wearing Apparel. Whoever will bring
the same to Mr. Hawkins at the King's Arms
Ale-house in Bishopsgate Street, shall have a
Guinea Reward, and no Questions ask'd." —
Daily Advertiser, 8 April, 1742.
The tavern stands at the corner of Acorn
Street, and was perhaps originally " The
Acorn." There certainly was, according
to Dodsley, an " Acorn " sign here which
gave its name to Acorn Street.
Sweetapple Court, at No. 157, was so
named, not after such a sign, but after Sir
John Sweetapple, the owner (Dodsley's
' London ' ) ; but who he was, whether
knight or baronet, or whether he had held
the office of Alderman (he was not appa-
rently a Mayor), I cannot say.
J. HOLDER MA.CMICHAEL.
(To be continued.)
CHAMNEY OR CHOLMONDELEY
FAMILY.
WHAT has been described as the " curt and
absurd pronunciation of Cholmondeley as
Chulmley or Chumley — the contraction of
illiterate flunkeys," appears to have another
variation, to wit, " Chamney," a hybrid
which will not be found in the ' Patronymia
Britannica.' A family of Chamney sprang
up in the counties of Wicklow and Wexford
towards the end of the seventeenth century,
and their descendants may still be traced, I
relieve, in the sister isle. The traditional
rigin of the name is related in ' The Metal
Mines of Ireland,' a paper read before the
Royal Dublin Society by Mr. G. H. Kinehan
on 24 March, 1886.
Speaking of the co. Wicklow, the author
says :—
" Bacon, an Englishman, came over and built
works at Shillelagh. Before his time most of
bhe charcoal was sent to Wales to be there used
in the final working of iron. He, however, con-
sidered it would be more economical to import
the pig iron than export the charcoal. This
adventure was most successful, and at the time
of the Commission for examination into the
state of timber in Ireland, he had amassed a sum
of over one million pounds. Having only one
child, a daughter, the bait was too seductive to
one of the Commissioners, a scion of the twice
noble house of Cholmondeley, who became Bacon's
son-in-law and successor, relinquishing his herit-
age, and changing his name to Chamney. Al-
though he changed his name during his life, and
his descendants adopted the change, yet on his
tomb in Carnew churchyard his real name and
lineage are given. The Chamneys greatly in-
creased the trade, having works not only at
Shillelagh, where Bacon established the industry,
but also in the Vale of Clara ; at Bally-na-Clash
or ' Clash ' in Glenmalure ; at Woodenbridge
and Aughrim, in the Vale of the Darragh Water,
and elsewhere ; besides innumerable bloomeries ;
his works popularly being said to have ' filled
the county.' The Clash and Shillelagh iron was
of very superior quality. Elsewhere in Ireland5
the iron trade gradually ceased, as the woods were
exhausted, but here it seems to have come to a
sudden and untimely end prior to 1761, on account
of a fracas between Chamney and the English
agent of the lord of the soil. Written informa-
tion about the old ironworks is very hard to pro-
cure, as nearly all the Chamney papers appear to
have been destroyed when the family were dis-
persed. Old people will tell you that ' the noise
of the Chamney hammer was a weather guide.'
Also they know that the iron and ore was carried;
in baskets on horseback from Wicklow port, and
from the different mines ; and the old horse-
tracks from the mines and Wicklow to the fur-
naces can still be shown."
Nearly twenty years ago I entered
into correspondence with the late Rev.
Joseph Chamney, D.D., Rector of Dromiskin,
Armagh, with reference to the Chamney
family, and we were able to piece together
the following fragmentary genealogy.
| John Cholmondeley or Chamney of
I Ballard, co. Wicklow, and Ballynellot, co.
I Wexford, born 1650, married circa 1686 Jane,
daughter of Bacon, ironmaster of
Shillelagh, and had issue a son Thomas and
two daughters : Elizabeth, b. 1688, married
Percival Hunt of Lara, co. Kildare ; Anne,
married Archer. He died 1733, and.
was buried at Carnew.
NOTES, AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 7, 1911.
The son, Thomas Chamney, of Flatten,
near Drogheda, co. Meath, married 24 Janu-
ary, 1715, Margaret, d. of Francis Graves
of Drogheda, and had issue : —
1. Graves Chamney, Alderman, of Flatten.
Died s.p., October, 1794.
2. John Chamney, married Van-
homrigh (nearly related to Swift's
"*' Vanessa "), a quo John Vanhomrigh
•Chamney, Captain 25th Foot. Will dated
1796.
(1) Elizabeth, bom 4 March, 1717;
married, 1746, Edward Archer of Mount
John, co. Wicklow.
(2) Jane, born 1718, married William
Aickin.
(3) Esther, born 1719, married Henry
Cusack.
(4) Frances, born 1720, married Thomas
Jones, patentee of the Theatre Royal,
Dublin.
(5) Catherine, born 1726, married Joseph
Swan of Tombrean, co. Wicklow.
(6) Susannah, born 1727, married John
Blacker.
Edward and Elizabeth Archer had with
other issue a daughter Jane, who married in
1781 Dr. John Haughton, a Dublin physician.
Dr. Haughton' s second son was Sir Graves
Chamney Haughton (1788-1849), Orientalist.
In the ' D.N.B.' the latter 's second Christian
name is erroneously given as Champney.
But Champney, of course, has nothing to
do with Chamney, being derived from the
French " Champagnois," a native of Cham-
pagne.
The Rev. Joseph Chamney first drew my
attention to the tradition that his family
were a branch of the Cholmondeleys, and the
romantic circumstances that had prompted
the corruption of the surname. He, how-
ever, had not been able to verify the state-
ment as to John Chamney 's real name and
lineage being inscribed on his tomb. It
was only the other day that I myself was
able to visit Carnew with this object in
view. Unfortunately, I could not find this
grave in the churchyard, nor was any official
connected with the church forthcoming who
might have assisted me. I have since dis-
covered, however, that the Carnew inscrip-
tions have been dealt with by the Associa-
tion for the Preservation of the Memorials
of the Dead in Ireland, and that the inscrip-
tion I was in search of is given as follows : —
" Here lyeth the body of Jn° Chamney, Esq.,
who departed this life the 11th day of April, 1733,
in the 81th year of his age." — Vol. vii. p. 205.
Not a word about the alleged addition
of his " real name and lineage," which would
hardly have escaped the transcriber's notice
if present.
The church at Camew is about sixty
years old, for it replaced an edifice con-
demned as unsafe. The square tower, sur-
mounted by a spire, of the former church
is separated from the body of the present one.
There is a Chamney memorial inside the
church, viz., a mural tablet with the follow-
ing inscription : —
" Sacred to the Memory | of Joseph Chamney,
Esq., of Ballyrahin, late Captain of | the Coolat-
tin Corps of Yeomany Infantry in the County of
Wicklow. | On the 2nd day of July, 179S, and the
52nd year of his age, He was killed | with his
nephew a most amiable youth both fighting | the
battles of their God and of their King | in defence
of their religion and their country. | In testimony
| of the high sense entertained of his many
public and private virtues | which are indelibly
graven on the hearts of his numerous and sorrow-
ing friends | they have erected this monument I
A.D. 1806."
The nephew was Capt. Nickson of the
Coolkenna Corps. The engagement was the
last of three reverses, or " melancholy
affairs," as the Protestant historians term
them, which the King's troops suffered in this
neighbourhood within a few days. It took
place half-way between Tinnahely and
Carnew. The Yeomanry after their repulse
took refuge in Capt. Chamney 's house at the
foot of the hill, where under Capt. Morton
and Lieut. Chamney, a son of the deceased,
they sustained during fourteen hours the
attacks of the rebels, who attempted
repeatedly to fire the house. Some (particu-
larly a large man from Gorey, named John
Redmond, nicknamed Shaun Plunder)
advanced under a covering of feather-beds
to the hall-door, with the design of applying
a torch to it ; but they were shot down in
the attempt, despite this thick tegument.
This incident is illustrated by Cruikshank in
Maxwell's ' History of the Rebellion.'
The Ballyrahin Chamneys were probably
descended from another son of John Cham-
ney, not included in the above pedigree. In
Vicars' s ' Prerogative Wills of Ireland ' there
is "Joseph Chamney, The Forge, co.
Wicklow, 1742."
Colour is lent to the assertion that the
original name of the family was Cholmonde-
ley by the fact that they bore the same arms. '
Chamney silver — Irish silver of the early
part of the eighteenth century — has passed
through my hands, and it bears the Cholmon-
deley coat of arms and crest, which are also
attached to the memorial to Capt. Chamney.
11 S. III. JAX. 7, 1911.]
NOTES AND QUEKIKS.
What was the date of the " Commission fo
examination into the state of timber in
Ireland," and where could the names o
the Commissioners be seen ?
H. G. ARCHER.
ANGLO-AMERICAN MAIL SERVICE : ITS
BICENTENARY. — So many centenary anc
bicentenary celebrations of various kinds
take place in these days that it is somewha1
strange that none appears to be contem
plated of one which would make a particu
larly wide and human appeal, that being
the bicentenary of the establishment of a
regular Anglo-American mail service. Th(
beginnings of such a service can be traced
of course, to the seventeenth century ; but
it was not until the closing months of the
first decade of the eighteenth that these
seem to have settled into the periodic. In
The Daily Courant for 8 January, 1711,
appeared the following : —
" Bristol, Jan. 6. This Day arri v'd here the Roya
Anne Packet Boat, Captain Shorter, from New
York, with a Mail of Letters from Her Majesty's
Dominions on the Continent of America, which
made her Passage from Bristol to New York in
50 Days, and her Passage home in 28 Days. This is
the first Mail in return from the Continent since
the erecting the Correspondence to and from this
Kingdom and the said Continent."
The information here given was supple-
mented by the subjoined advertisement,
published in the same newspaper on the
following 15 June, showing that this regular
mail service had taken a firm hold upon the
public : —
" For New York.
"The Harley Packet-Boat from Bristol, Joseph
Palmer, Commander, will be ready to Sail the last
of this Instant June, (Wind and Weather per-
mitting) with the Mail of Letters for the Continent
of America, which will be taken in at the General
Post-Office in London, or at any of the Post-Offices
in Great-Britain, at any time between this and the
last Day of this Instant June, 1711. And other
lackets will be successively provided to depart
monthly, with such Letters which shall be in the
General Post-Office in London or Post-Office in
Bristol, by the last Thursday in every Month.
All Merchants and others, who have Occasion to
send Goods or small Parcels, and are desirous to
«" us Passengers to New- York, New-England,
Long-Island, Rhode-Island, East or West-Jersey,
lensilvania, Maryland, Virginia or Carolina
applying themselves to William Warren, or
Jonathan Scarth Merchants, at the 3 Crowns in
bracious- Street, London ; or to Richard Champion,
Charles Hartford, Merchants, in Bristol, may
be Accommodated on reasonable Terms. P. S
JNote, That there are already Posts, and other
Conveyances, from New- York to the several above-
mentioned Places, And that the Reason why the
late Packets have not duely kept their Cours, hath
been occasioned by the Death of Sampson Mears ^
late Proprietor of the said Packets."
More about this earliest Anglo-American
periodic service is doubtless to be found,
and would be wrelcome.
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
SOUTH AFRICAN BIBLIOGRAPHY. — As so
many readers of ' N. & Q.' are devoted to the
study of bibliography, a note should be
made of that valuable contribution, ' South
African Bibliography,' by Mr. Sidney
Mendelssohn, published by Messrs. Kegan
Paul, Triibner & Co., the first volume of
which contains an Introduction by Mr. I. D..
Colvin. Mr. Mendelssohn has devoted the
best part of eleven years to the compilation
of his two noble volumes, the last five yeara
having been almost entirely given to the
work. The Bibliography was at first con-
fined to the author's library of works
relating to South Africa, but has been,
extended to other sources. His own collec-
tion he has left by his will to the Union
Parliament of South Africa. He states in
the preface, "It is not presented now, as
I have by no means finished collecting" ;
and he is afraid that he could not work
without his collection at hand. A. N. Q.
SAMUEL RICHARDSON AND THE ENGLISH
PHILOSOPHERS. — Richardson's novels con-
tain numerous and characteristic references
to 'the English philosophers. It is worth
while to collect them, as they have not been
noticed by his biographers.
Lovelace, who has the greatest philosophi-
cal knowledge of any of Richardson's
characters, refers once to the contents of
Shaftesbury's ' Essay on the Freedom of
Wit and Humour ' (' Characteristicks/ vol. i,.
Treatise II.) : —
" I always called another cause, when any of
ny libertine companions, in pursuance of Lord
Shaftesbury's test (which is part of the rake's
creed, and what I may call the whetstone of
nfidelity ), endeavoured to turn the sacred subject
nto ridicule." — ' Clarissa', iii. 147, ed. 1902.
L»ovelace also mentions Shaftesbury's ' Letter
concerning Enthusiasm,' which contains an
account of the French prophets (' Character-
sticks,' i. 26-8) :—
" \Yhat we have been told of the agitations and
vorkings, and sighings and sobbings of the French
>rophets among us formerly, was nothing at all
o the scene exhibited by these maudlin souls, at
he re.-iding of these letters." — ' Clarissa,' vii. 301 ;
Iso cp. Shaftesbury, edited by Hatch, i. 378-81.
In ' Sir Charles Grandison,1 iii. 75-6,
s an allusion to the title of Shaftesbury's.
6
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. m. JAN. 7, ion.
' Moralists ' (' Characteristicks,' vol. ii.
Treatise V.) :—
" I would have all these moralists, as they affect
to call themselves, suffer by such libertine prin-
ciples, as cannot be pursued, but in violation
•of the very first laws of morality."
Lovelace refers once to B. de Mandeville's
•* The Fable of the Bees ; or, Private Vices,
Public Benefits ' :—
" At worst, I am entirely within my worthy
friend Mandeville's assertion, that private vices
are public benefits." — ' Clarissa,' vi. 3.
Berkeley's dialogue * Alciphron ; or, The
Minute Philosopher,' is mentioned in * Sir
'Charles Grandison/ i. 281 : —
" He is thought to be a modern wit, you must
know : and to speak after an admirable writer,
a minute philosopher."
Richardson's numerous references to Locke's
* Some Thoughts concerning Education '
in the sequel to ' Pamela ' do not belong
here. He does not seem to have read Locke's
' Essay concerning Human Understanding,'
as the word " idea," first made popular by
Locke, does not occur in his novels. Richard-
son, in opposition to Locke, considers that
there are innate ideas : —
" Principles that are in my mind ; that I found
there ; implanted, no doubt, by the first gracious
Planter." — ' Clarissa,' iv. 165.
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
BELLS AND BELL-FOUNDERS, c. 1560 :
JOHN GRANGER. — I have just found on the
Common Plea Roll for Michaelmas term,
9-10 Eliz. (1567), the following notes on the
above subject, which I think should find a
place in * N. & Q.'
In the first entry Andrew Blease and John
Kent, husbandmen, brought an action
against John Granger of London, bell-
founder (otherwise called John Graunger of
Ightfelde, co. Salop, bell-founder), Humphrey
Cole of Ightfelde, " yoman," and Henry
Hewes of London (otherwise Henry Hewes
of Assheparva, co. Salop, . " yoman "), to
recover a debt of III. This is a mere entry
of adjournment, and no particulars are
given ; but the second entry relates to a
•cross suit in which John Kent of Olner, co.
Chester, was summoned to answer the above
John Granger or Graunger. It recites the
following bond, dated 20 April, 1 Eliz.
<1559) :—
" The condition of this obligation is such
that if the above-bounden Andrew Blese and
John Kent or either of them, their executors,
administrators, and assigns, or the executors,
administrators, or assigns of either of them, wel
.and truly content and pay or cause to be contented
And paide the somme of fy ve poundes syx shillinges
,nd viijd of lawfull money of Englande unto the
ibove- named John Granger, his executors,
administrators, or assignes, in maner and forme
lereafter following, That is to say at the castyng
of such a bell as the foresaide Andrewe and John
Kent shall deliver unto the said John Granger
53s. 4d., and within one twelvemonth and one
clay next after the castyng of the said bell other
53s. 4d., in full paiment of the foresaid some of
£5 6.s. 8d. — then this obligation to be void and of
none effect ; and if default of payment be made
of and in either of the foresaid payments at either
of the dayes above limited, in part or in all,
contrary to the true intent and meanyng hereof,
Then this obligation to stande in full strength
and vertue."
I have looked up several authorities on
Dells and bell-founding, but not one of them
mentions John Granger or Graunger as a
'ounder. It seems possible that the bell
alluded to was cast for a church at Olner
in Cheshire, and that Andrew Blease and
John Kent were churchwardens.
HENRY R. PLOMER.
8, The Broadway, Hammersmith, W.
LEGAL MACARONICS. — This term was very
happily applied at 7 S. i. 346 to that
urious and composite jargon called law
French ; ' and an instance from Dyer's
Reports was given, in which a convicted
ruffian " ject un brickbat a le Justice, que
narrowly mist." The reporter is not dis-
turbed by the occurrence of a word which
he cannot translate. He simply puts it in
bodily.
A few instances may be added from Sir
John Davis' s Reports, temp. Jac. I., but
printed 1674 — the first Irish Reports ever
published. In Le Case de Customes : —
' Que est graund honte a nostre Nation,
destre issint enamour ove les Mercery & Grocery
wares imports per strangers, & d expender sur
eux plus que le value de touts les Staple & reall
commodities de nostre Pais : que serra en fine
le ruine del Commonweal."
In Le Case de Tanistry : —
" Chescun Custome ad un commencement,
coment que le memorie del home ne extend a
ceo ; come le River Nilus ad un fountaine,
coment que les Geographers nepoent trover ceo."
In the same case, a certain ordinance
" accord ove le Divine Ordinance en le case
de Zelophehad, Num. Cap. 27."
In Le Case del Roy all Piscarie de la
Banne : —
" Auxy le Hoy auera les grands poissona del Mer,
Balenas & Sturgiones et le Koy auera wilde
Swans, come volatilia regalia."
The reports of " Gulielme Bendloes, Ser-
jeant de la Ley," 1661, furnish some.
macaronic writing also. In 19 Jac. I.
an action was brought for the invasion of a
ii s. in. JAN. v, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
pew in which plaintiffs and their ancestors
" ont seie et kneel e pur oyer divine service
in le Eglise de D. en un He en le upper End
del Eglise." Two years later Mrs. Fetti-
place sues the parson of Pusey " pour de
bruser son close et de fouler ses herbes ove ses
avers (viz.) beufes, vacces, galines, Ducks,
Aucks, et Cock de Indies ; " and the Court
sagaciously quashes the judgment against
him on the ground that turkeys are not
averia, but volatilia.
In Cossett's Case, 2 Car. I.,
** fuit prove que diverse fuerunt present in le
'Tauerne quant I'homme fuit tue per un plage BUT
Je teste ove un quart pott, & drinking ensemble,
mes ne fuit prove quex d'eux done le plage."
In the same year it is said that the Statute
of Westminster
" n'est qu un Nurse [when] le child est nee, et
1'statute come careful mother prist ceo en ses
braches a preserver ceo."
And again : —
" Dodderidge dit que les parolls d'un Judgment
doit estre certen et nemy destre vary ou frame
solonque le pleasure et fond conceit de chescun
home."
I have extended the abbreviations. There
is a mine of comedy in the old Reports.
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their name's and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" TERSE " CLARET. — In Sir C. Sedley's
* Bellamira,' Act II. sc. i. (of 1687), Merry-
man says, " I am so full I should spill terse
at every jolt ; we drank gallons apiece " ;
and a little further on, " He grudg'd her
money for honest terse, and so he's right
enough serv'd." Here it appears that
terse was the name, proper or in slang, of
some beverage. Shadwell, ' The Humourists,'
Act IV. (of 1671), has " Must I stay till by
the strength of terse claret you have wet
yourself into courage ? " Here the epithet
terse is applied to claret ; whence we may
perhaps conclude that the terse in Sedley
stands for " terse claret." But why is
claret described as, or called, " terse," and
what is the origin of the term ? Claret no
doubt was imported in " terses " or " tierces,"
but so also, I suppose, were other wines. I
do not find that Halliwell or Nares has dealt
with " terse " in this sense, and shall be
glad if readers of ' N. & Q.' can give us any
light on it. JAMES A. H. MURRAY. '
Oxford.
THE BLACK PRINCE'S LANGUAGE. — It is
stated in Mr. Edmund Storer's ' Peter the
Cruel,' p. 308, that after the battle of
Najara the Black Prince asked where Henry
de Trastamara was : — " 'E lo bort, es mort
o' pres ? ' (' And the bastard, is he dead or
taken ? ') he asked ; and when they told
him of his escape, he answered prophetically,
with the intuition of a true general : ' Noy
ay res fait' ('Then nothing is done')."
In what language or dialect was the Prince
speaking — Provenyal, Gascon, Languedocian,
Bearnais, or what ? Was it his usual lan-
guage in France and Spain ?
ALBAN DORAN.
" DIE IN BEAUTY." — I have been reading
lately the phrase "in Schonheit sterben "
so often that it seems to me trite, but only
now it occurs to me that I do not know its
origin. Are readers of ' N. & Q.' in a better
position with regard to it ? G. KRUEGER.
Berlin.
ROGER GREATOREX, PAPER MANUFAC-
TURER.— I should be grateful for any infor-
mation regarding the family of Roger
Greatorex, paper manufacturer. Between
1784 and 1795 he was living at Apsley Mill,
in the parish of King's Langley, Herts. A
later address may have been Two Waters
Mill, Hemel Hempstead, same county.
In 1800 he apparently had to move to
Lancaster, and wrote of getting sailing
accommodation for America ; but whether
he went or not, I do not know. His son
Lawrence was a passenger on the American
ship Washington, sailing from Lisbon in
November, 1799. This Lawrence settled in
America, and, I believe, owned and operated
the first paper mills in that country, on the
Brandywine, near Wilmington, Delaware.
I want also the names of the wives of
Roger Greatorex and his son Lawrence.
E. HAVILAND HILLMAN.
3227, Campo S. Samuele, Venice.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FOLK-LORE. — In the
first report of the Council of the Folk-lore
Society, dated 29 May, 1879, it is stated : —
" In April of last year it will be remembered that
the Council prepared and issued forms for the com-
pilation of a Bibliography of English Folk-lore.
But almost immediately a member came forward
and offered the use of his valuable collection, made
for a Bibliography of superstitions and religious
belief, which was the result of many years' work,
involving, among other labours, complete perusal
of the British Museum catalogues. Although this
collection was only in part available for the Society's
purpose, and did not cover all the ground which the
Bibliography of Folk-lore will occupy, the Council
very thankfully accepted this offer, and they are
8
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JAN. 7, 1911.
able to announce as approaching completion ' The
Bibliography of Folk-lore. Compiled and edited
by Thomas Satchell.' "
More than thirty years have passed since
this announcement was made. When will
the project be realized ? W. B. GERISH.
THREAD-PAPERS. — What, in early eigh-
teenth-century journalistic language, were
" thread-papers " ? As The Weekly Journal
is a very scarce news-sheet, I may quote
part of the letter in which the use of the
term twice occurs. It is from Mist's
Weekly Journal, 28 July, 1722 : —
Mr Mist, June 10, 1722.
The following Letter and Song were lost by a
young Lady : It will please her to have 'em again by
your Hand, and save the Looser and Finder a great
deal of Confusion. You may assure her all's safe,
if she can but stand some reading of your Journal ;
but then she must look as grave as her Father does,
when he spread your Excellencies before the Family.
I am, Yours HONOUR.
Don't mistake me for the Chamber-Maid by my
Name.
Madam, May 1, 1722.
You tell me it is your Opinion, that no man was
ever heartily in Love, without being seiz'd, at one
time or other, with a Fit of Poetry, &c.
This letter, too long to give in extenso,
is accompanied by a ' Song ' beginning
Haste, Shepherds, haste and come away,
This joyful Sun gave Cloe birth,
which is thus alluded to in the letter to the
lady : —
"If my Labours are honour'd with a Station
among your Thread-Papers, I shall take it as a
happy Omen : More Labours, more Thread-Papers.
If not, e'en let them share the same Fate with the
Author, that is, be set on Fire by you "
The writer signs himself " Poor Strephon."
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
PlTT AND WlLKES ON DlSFRANCHISEMENT.
— May I venture to repeat a question which
I put, without eliciting a reply, just
eighteen years since (8 S. ii. 468) ?
Where is to be found a list of the thirty-
six decayed boroughs which the younger
Pitt proposed, in 1785, to disfranchise,
and of the ten corporations which he desired
should transfer the right of return to the
citizens ? And is there extant a list of the
boroughs which Wilkes would have dis-
franchised by his proposal of 1776 ?
POLITICIAN.
GABRIEL GRANT, PREBENDARY AND ARCH-
DEACON OF WESTMINSTER. — Whom and
when did he marry ? He is said to have
married twice. He died in 1638.
G. F. R. B.
MILITIA CLAIMS, 1716.— The following
account is copied from an old book belonging
to the parish of Yelvertoft, Northampton-
shire : —
"The particulars of the charges of the Militia
Horse provided by the Rectors of Creke, Cotesbroke.
Yelvertoft, and Coton, 1716.
The whole set of Accoutremts, Coat, Carbine,
Pistols, Saddle, Bridle, Billet and Housing.
Sword, &c. 06 Oo 03
Man and Horse and Charges at
North'ton 00 Oo 00
June the 4th Man and Horse one day 00 10
Boots and Powder Horn
A new Hat
Mending the Pistols
In all 08 03 07
Mem. This was paid in ye proportion following,
viz.
Rector of Creek a 3rd part.
Rector of Cotesbroke a 4th part.
Rector of Coton & \9 ,-tha
Rector of Yelvertoft /-'
To what particular assembly of the
militia does this refer ? Is it to be assumed
that rectors of parishes generally were
charged with a special levy for militia ?
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchirigton, Warwickshire.
ANNE BOLEYN OR BULLEYN : BULLEY
FAMILY.— Can any of your readers tell me
the correct way of spelling the name of the
second wife of Henry VIII. ? In the Life of
Archbishop Tait I see that he twice refers
to her, spelling the name Bulleyn. This
is the only instance I have seen of the
name being thus spelt.
In Queen Elizabeth's reign there was a
well-known doctor named Bulley, who was
said to be distantly related to the Queen. In
that case the n must have been dropped about
the middle of the sixteenth century,
question is of interest to me, as my cousin
Dr. Bulley, President of Magdalen College,
Oxford, from 1856 to 1890, considered that
his family were descended from a collateral
branch of the Boleyn or Bulleyn family.
Will any one kindly tell me when the change
in the spelling took place, if the name was
ever correctly spelt Bulleyn ? H. A. B.
[The spelling of the Queen's name was discussed
at 8 S. i. 435 ; ii. 13.]
LACY AS A PLACE-NAME.— In some parts
of Surrey— and I believe in other counties—
" Lacy " occurs as part of the name of an
estate or village. I know of Polesden Lacy
(where Sheridan lived), Camilla Lacy (the
residence of Fanny Burney), Wilton Lacy,
and others. ,,
What is the origin of the suffix Lacy
FRANK SCHLOESSER.
ii s. in. JAX. 7, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
9
JOHN HUDSON (LATE BURKITT & HUDSON).
—I should much like to know when John
Hudson, printseller and publisher, 85, Cheap-
side, was carrying on his business. I have
found his label among the pasted paper on
the back of the frame of a portrait of a
general (?) officer. I should guess 1820 as
about the date of the portrait, which Hud-
son's date of business may help me to
identify. ROBERT PIERPOINT.
SA, Bickenhall Mansions, W.
* PILGRIM'S PROGRESS ' IMITATED. — Who
was the author of ' The Progress of the
Pilgrim Good-Intent, in Jacobinical Times ' ?
The seventh edition was printed in 1801 by
J. Bateson. for John Hatchard of Piccadilly.
Though a little heavy, the parable is carried
on with ingenuity. There are allusions to
the elder Darwin, Fulton, and Godwin on
p. 30 ; to the guillotine, p. 123 ; and to
cosmopolitanism, pp. 159-60. The paper is
water-marked " M. & E."
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
35, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
OUNDLE. — What is the origin of this place-
name ? ROBERT NEALE.
" ENNOMIC." — What does this word, which
is not in the ' N.E.D.,' mean ? It occurs on
p. 147 of George Meredith's ' Tragic Come-
dians,' " Memorial Edition " : —
" I would not have it on my conscience that the
commission of any deed ennomic, however un-
wonted," &c.
J. J. FREEMAN.
" CAEQEHOUIAS." — In ' An Eighteenth
Century Correspondence,' p. 60, Deane
Swift, writing to Sanderson Miller, says : —
" Neither is any fault so detestable as the fre-
quency of Caeqehouias. Ands, Buts, Fors, Indeeds,
&c., have cost me more pains," &c.
What are the meaning and derivation of
this word ? J. J. FREEMAN.
" CARENT " : " PATRICKSMAS " : " LUKES-
MAS." — Can any reader give me the meaning
of the old Scottish word " carent " ? It
occurs several times in a diary of a Dum-
bartonshire minister of the year 1705, and
appears to refer to some ecclesiastical
assessment or interest, as " carent due to
the Mortification " ; "he came in to speak
about his carent, but brought no money " ;
" to give our obligement to transact his
debts to the value of the price [of some
land] against Whitsunday, bearing carent
from Martinmas last." The word is not to
be found in Jamieson's ' Dictionary.'
The terms " Patricksmas " and " Lukes-
mas," presumably 17 March and 18 October,
are also used in the diary. Were those
recognized term-days in Scotland at that
period ? I can find no mention of them else-
where. ANGLO-SCOT.
[The 'N.E.D.' states that "Lukesmas" is now
obsolete in Scotland, but was formerly a customary
date (18 October) for payment of accounts. The
latest example cited is from 1671, so that our corre-
spondent brings the use of the word down to the
next century.]
" INSTANT " OR " CURRENT." — In ' N. & Q.*
for 26 November last (p. 440) it is said that
the late F. H. Collins died " on the 16th
inst." Are we to understand that this use
of the word " instant " is sanctioned by
' N. & Q.,' as I regret to see it is by some
dictionaries ? To our fathers it would
have sounded much like saying that a man
had died to-morrow. T. S. O.
[The use in question is, we think, generally recog-
nized.]
REV. J. SAMWELL : REV. J. PEACOCK. —
I am anxious to find out what particulars
I can respecting the Rev. John Samwell
and the Rev. John Peacock, who were suc-
cessive ministers of Broadway Meeting, co.
Somerset. All I know of Mr. Samwell is
that he was in office in July, 1763, and that
a small annuity was bequeathed to him
and his successors in that year. I am told
that he relinquished his ministry to study
medicine, but that after a time he resumed
his old position. Whether this was so or
no, the first instalment under the legacy
was apparently paid on 10 March, 1765, to
Mr. Peacock, who seems to have been his
successor.
Mr. Peacock preached a sermon which was
published, and witnessed a wedding in
Broadway Church in 1768. He was still in
office in 1775, but vacated that position
shortly after, as he was succeeded by the
Rev. John Lewis in 1777. In 1766 he pub-
lished a book entitled ' Hymns and Spiritual
Songs,' designed to supersede Dr. Watts' s
compositions.
If any one can throw light on the history
of either Mr. Samwell or Mr. Peacock, I
shall be very grateful.
JOHN W. STANDERWICK.
Broadway, Ilmirister.
ROEITES OF CALVERTON. — Several of the
Nottingham local histories comprise frag-
mentary notices of a sect founded about
1780 at Calverton, Notts (the birthplace of
the stocking-frame), by one John Roe, an
illiterate inhabitant of that village. The
10
NOTES AND QUERIES. tu s. m. JAN. 7, mi.
members were called Roeites, otherwise Re-
formed Quakers (although not recognized
by the Quakers proper), and the sect never
extended beyond Calverton itself, where
their one chapel and burial-ground — long
ago disused — are yet pointed out. William
Howitt, in one of his rural books, describes
what he saw at a service in the chapel. I
should be glad to learn if there exists any
work of reference likely to supply a definite
account of the Roeites and of their tenets.
A. STAPLETON.
ANDREW ARTER' s MEMOBIAL, HAMMER-
SMITH.—Can any one throw light upon the
unpretentious stone pillar which stands in
the roadway near the corner of Beavor Lane,
Hammersmith, almost opposite Ravens-
court Park ?
The pillar in question, which is about a
yard in height, and stands about a foot from
the curb — an excellent position, one cannot
help thinking, for taking a wheel off a cart
on a foggy evening — bears on the side
nearest the high road the following in-
scription :
Andrew Arter
October
1877.
There are traces of wording on at least one
other side, but they are very faint. Who
was Mr. Arter ? WILLIAM MCMURRAY.
CHURCH WITH WOODEN BELL-TURRET. —
I should be glad if I could be assisted to
locate the subject of a water-colour drawing,
probably 1820 or earlier, depicting the
exterior of the south side and east end of a
small stone church consisting of nave and
chancel. The nave shows a doorway and
two windows, the latter placed noticeably
high in the wall ; the chancel, a large and a
small doorway at the side, and a three-
light, square-headed east window of the
debased period. All the doors and windows
have heavy hood-mouldings. The west end
of the nave carries a square' wooden bell-
turret. The site is on high ground, with
village roofs lower on the" left, and woods
beyond. Under the east window are plain
iron rails round a tomb. W. B. H.
COWPER'S " GOD MOVES IN A MYSTERIOUS
WAY."— Will any contributor tell me the
correct reading of Cowper's words in his
famous hymn " God moves in a mysterious
way " ? The whole verse runs :—
His purposes will ripen fast,
Unfolding every hour.
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But sweet will be the flower.
I remember seeing in ' N. & Q.' another
version of the last couplet, reading —
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But wait and smell the flower.
Which is the original form ?
WATSON SURR
EXHIBITION OF 1851 : ITS MOTTO.
(US. ii. 410, 452, 493.)
THE motto " The earth is the Lord's," &c.,
must, as MR. WARD states, be regarded
as the motto of the Great Exhibition. It
was well known to be a favourite with the
Prince Consort, and in addition to its appear-
ing on the cover and title-page of the Official
Catalogue, it is placed on the title-pages of
the volumes of the Official Descriptive and
Illustrated Catalogue. These I possess, in
addition to my father's copy of the corrected
edition of the Official Catalogue. The
latter bears the imprint of Spicer Brothers,
wholesale stationers, and of W. Clowes
& Sons, printers, Contractors to the Royal
Commission. Its price was Is. in the build-
ing, and Is. 3d. if bought at the City office or
of booksellers.
At the foot of the cover are these words : —
Say not the discoveries we make are our own.
The germs of every act are implanted within us,
And God our instructor, out of that which is
concealed,
Developes the faculties of invention.
This also appears in Latin on the back of
the title : —
Ne nostra, ista quse invenimus, dixeris —
Insita sunt nobis omnium artium semina,
Magisterque ex occulto Deus producit ingeiiia.
Underneath, the translation is given as on
the front cover (except that the third line
reads "And God our instructor, from his
concealment''), and below this is the fol-
lowing : —
Humani Generis Progressus,
Ex cpmmuni omnium labore ortus,
Uniuscujusque industrial debet esse finis :
Hoc Adjuvando,
Dei opt. max. voluntatem exsequimur.
The progress of the human race,
Resulting from the common labour of all men,
Ought to be the final object of the exertion of each
individual.
In promoting this end,
We are carrying out the will of the great and
blessed God.
A short introduction states that the mottoes
were selected by Prince Albert.
This corrected edition contains a report
of the opening proceedings, the address read
ii s. in. JAN. 7, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
11
by Prince Albert, the Queen's reply, and
the prayer by the Archbishop of Canterbury.
My father has written on the cover :
" Second edition, 34 pages of advertisements,
no duty." The back page is occupied by
Bennett the watchmaker, who paid 1,000
guineas for the privilege, which was the
largest sum at that time ever given for a
single advertisement. The Religious Tract
Society have the third page of the cover ;
and among others who have pages are John
Murray ; Colman of mustard fame ; C. Cox,
King William Street, Strand (devoted to
works originally published by Charles
Knight) ; and Charles Knight, 90, Fleet
Street, his Cyclopaedias and other books.
On p. 32 of Part I. of the Official Illus-
trated Catalogue it is stated that the Com-
mittee appointed
" to suggest inscriptions for the Prize Medals
recommended for the medal to be executed after
design No. 1 the following line, very slightly
altered, from Manilius (' Astronomicon,' v. 737) :
Est etiam in magno qusedam respublica mundo.
For the medal from design No. 2, the following
line from the first book of the ' Metamorphoses '
of Ovid (v. 25) :—
Dissociata locis concordi pace ligavit.
For the medal design No. 3, the following line
from Claudian (' Eidyll.,' vii. 20) —
Artificis tacitae quod meruere manus."
Messrs. Spicer Brothers were the exhibitors
of a large roll of paper 46 inches wide and
2,500 yards in length. This was the first
time that the public were informed that it
was possible to make paper of any length.
JOHN COLLINS FBANCIS.
I do not think NEL MEZZO is quite correct
as to the motto of the Exhibition. The
motto on the title-page of the Official Cata-
logue is " The earth is the Lord's and all that
therein is, the compass of the world and
they that dwell therein." The quotation
he gives as the motto is the inscription on one
of the medals, and the fault that he finds
with its Latin is not apparent in the intro-
duction to the Catalogue, where the offending
word "concordia" is correctly given
concordi." The quality of the Com-
mittee appointed to suggest inscriptions for
the prize medals was too high to make such
a blunder possible. The members were :—
The Hon. W. E. Gladstone,
The Lord Lyttelton,
The Hon. T. B. Macaulay,
The Rev. H. G. Liddell, Head Master of
Westminster School.
J. T. STEELE,
Secretary, Spicer Bros., Ltd.
BARLOW TRECOTHICK:, LORD MAYOR (11 S.
ii. 209, 298, 335).— A portrait of Barlow
Trecothick, if found, would be of interest to
Bostonians, for some of his relatives were
born here ; others lived here ; he himself
was married here on 2 March, 1747, to
Grizel Apthorp, a daughter of Charles
Apthorp of Boston ; he was a friend to the
American cause before the outbreak of the
Revolution ; and from 1765 to 1772 he was
the agent in London for New Hampshire.
He died not 2 June (as sometimes stated),
but 28 May, 1775 (London Chronicle, 27-30
May, 1775, xxxvii. 511).
His father was Capt. Mark Trecothick, a
mariner, who presumably died late in 1734
or early in 1735, as letters of administration
were granted to his widow Hannah on
22 March, 1735. The estate was inventoried
at 34Z. 2s. Barlow Trecothick' s brother
Mark, also a mariner, was married here to
Sarah Davis on 2 April, 1740. In his will,
dated 2 August, 1745, Mark appointed the
above-mentioned Charles Apthorp his exe-
cutor, and mentioned " my Hond Mother
Mrs Hannah Trecothick of Boston Widow,"
" my Sister Hannah Trecothick," and " my
Brother Edward." Charles Apthorp ren-
dered his account 7 April, 1747. The widow,
Sarah Trecothick, does not mention any
Trecothick in her will, dated 28 January,
and proved 14 February, 1750 ; but in an
account rendered 8 October, 1763, by her
executor (her brother Amos Davis) there
is the item, " To Barlow Trecothick,
1,271Z. 2s. lid."
Barlow Trecothick's sister Hannah was
born here 2 December, 1724 ; and here
married James Ivers on 23 September, 1753.
Their son James Ivers was born here 7 July,
1754 ; graduated at Harvard College in 1773 ;
took the name of Trecothick on the death
of his uncle Barlow Trecothick ; and died in
1843.
A portrait of Barlow Trecothick's first
wife, by Robert Feke, presumably taken
before her marriage, still exists (or did exist
in 1878) in Boston. She died at Addington,
Surrey, 31 July, 1769, leaving no children.
On 9 June, 1770, Barlow Trecothick married
Ann Meredith. A portrait of her by Rey-
nolds is reproduced in Graves and Cronin's
' History of the Works of Sir J. Reynolds.'
In the same work (iii. 987) Mr. C. W. Franks
says : —
" I was wrong in saying that Alderman
Trecothick had no children. He had a son,
and that son an only child, a daughter, who
married Capt. Strachey, lately of Bownham,
co. Gloucester."
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. ra. JAN. 7, 1911.
This statement is inaccurate, the facts
appearing to be as follows. This " son "
was not the son of Barlow Trecothick, who
left no children, but of James Trecothick
(born Ivers). Under date of 21 February,
1777, this notice was printed in The London
Chronicle of 20-22 February, xl. 179 :—
" Yesterday was married at .Spring-garden
Chapel, James Trecothick, of Addington-place, in
Surry, Esq., to Miss [Susanna] Edmonstone, eldest
daughter of Sir Archibald Edmonstone, Bt."
James and Susanna (Edmonstone) Tre-
cothick had six children. The Gentleman's
Magazine for November,': 1814, p. 496,
records the following marriage : —
" Oct. 14. Barlow, eldest son of J. Trecothick,
esq., to Eliza, second daughter of Rev. Dr. [John]
Strachey, archdeacon of Suffolk."
In the 1881 edition (p. 442) of Burke's
' Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage ' it
is stated that this Barlow Trecothick " has
one daughter, Eliza Margaret, wife of
Leonard M. Strachey, Esq."
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
TURCOPOLIER : KNIGHTS HOSPITALLERS
(US. ii. 247, 336, 371).— It is perhaps worth
noting what were the langues, &c., in 1798,
when Bonaparte took possession of Malta.
I quote from ' An Accurate Historical
Account of all the Orders of Knighthood/
p. 9 et seq. : —
" The Order was classed at that Period into
eight Languages, or Nations, viz. 1. Provence ;
2. Auvergne ; 3. France ; 4. Italy ; 5. Arragon ;
6. Germany ; 7. Castile ; and 8. Anglo-Bavaria ;
which last was added thereto, by the late Elector
Palatin Charles Theodore de Sultzbach. That
Prince conferred upon the Order all the Estates of
the suppressed Society of the Jesuits, situated in
Bavaria ; and which, at the time of their suppres-
sion, had been united to the Electoral domains.
Charles Augustus, Prince of Bretzenheim, was the
first Grand-Prior of this Nation, or Language.
He Was invested therewith in 1780 ; and resigned
that dignity in 1799, immediatelv upon the
death of the Elector.
" The Grand -Master, as well as 'the Cardinals,
enjoys the Title of Eminence ; and the Grand-
Officers of the Order, are as follows :
1. The Grand-Commander, is the oldest Mem-
ber of the Language of Provence.
2. The Marshal, of that of Auvergne.
3. The Hospitaler, of that of France.
4. The Grand-Admiral, of that of Italy.
5. The Grand -Conservator of that of Arragon.
«. The Grand-Bailiff, of that of Germany.
7. The Grand-Chancellor, of that of Castile.
8. And the Turcopolier, or Captain-General of
the Cavalry, of that of Anglo-Bavaria.
A foot-note adds : —
" Turcopolier, is a Term appertaining to the
Order of Malta, which, previous to the Reforma-
tion, was the Title of the Chief of the Language
of England. Turcopole signified anciently in the
Levant, a Light-Horseman, or a kind of Dragoon.
The Turcopolier had, in this Quality, the Com-
mand of the Cavalry, and of the English Marine.
Guards of the Order. The military Orders gave
this Name to those light-armed Cavaliers, who
were the Esquires, or Serving-Brothers, of the
Knights-Hospitalers of Saint John, or Knights of
Malta, of the Templars, and the Teutonic
Knights.— Note of the Editor."
The book from which I quote has neither
name of author nor date. At the beginning
is ' A Dissertation upon the existing State
of Knighthood in Europe ; addressed to the
Right Honourable Horatio Viscount Nelson,*
which proves that it was written or pub-
lished some time between 22 May, 1801,
and 21 October, 1805. Though published in
London by J. White, Fleet Street, it was
printed by J. C. Briiggemann, Herrlichkeit,
Hamburgh. The above-quoted foot-note
appears merely as an editorial note, but
many of the foot-notes come from Hugh
Clark's ' Concise History of Knighthood/
1784. On pp. 15, 16, we read :—
" The last Grand-Master, duly elected, was
Ferdinand Baron de Hompesch.
" On the 24th of Nov. 1798 Paul the first,
Emperor of Russia, assumed the dignity of Grand-
Master of this Order. In 1799 His Imperial
Majesty conferred the Ensigns thereof, upon the
Honourable Emma Lady Hamilton, wife of the
right Honourable Sir William Hamilton, Knight
of the Bath, late His Britannic Majesty's Envoy-
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to
the Court of Naples : and upon Sir Home Popham,
a Captain of the British Navy, who received the
permission of His Sovereign to assume and wear
the same ....
" Sir Richard James Lawrence, is likewise a
Knight of this Order."
The author refers (p. 17) particularly to
Clark's ' Concise History,' to the ' History
of the Knights of Malta ' by the Abbe de
Vertot, and to Brydone's ' Toui,' presum-
ably Patrick Brydone's ' Travels through
Sicily and Malta,' London, 1774.
I mentioned at 11 S. ii. 371 that the word
Toiy>KO7rovAos appears as a Cypriote word
meaning a field-watchman. Perhaps the
word is a survival from the time (1291—
1309) when the Knights of St. John were
settled at Limisso, otherwise Limasol, in
Cyprus. ROBERT PIERPOINT.
CORN AND DISHONESTY : AN HONEST
MILLER (11 S. ii. 508). — The miller, whose
business it is to transmute raw material
into food stuff, has much in his power, and
may, conceivably, abuse his trust. From
of old his case has been proverbial, for the
practice of individuals has been sufficient
to establish a class reference. The standard
literary allusion on the subject is contained
us. m. JAN. .7, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
13.
in two lines of the delineation Chaucer gives
of his Miller in ' The Prologue,' 11. 562-3 :—
Wei coude he stelen corn, and tollen thryes ;
And yet he hadde a thonibe of gold, pardee.
See the illuminating and satisfactory note
on the passage in the Clarendon Press edition
of ' The Prologue,' &c., by Dr. Morris and
Prof. Skeat.
The miller, with his privilege of "multure "
and so forth, is a robust figure in Scottish
song, his various advantages and idiosyn-
crasies having manifestly made a strong
appeal to those shrewd and candid observers
whose literary gift is now the only evidence
of their existence. One of the brightest of
their lyrics, illustrating the miller's steady
good fortune, opens thus : —
Merry may the maid lie
That marries the miller,
For foul day and fair day
He 's ay bringing till her ;
Has ay a penny in his purse
For dinner and for supper ;
And gin she please, a good fat cheese,
And lumps of yellow butter.
THOMAS BAYNE.
Let MR. GERISH consult Chaucer. In the
old time every tenant was bound to grind
at the manor -mill, and the miller was paid
by a toll of the grain, which toll he took
and measured himself.
In the days of itinerant butchers they also
were suspected. Fifty years ago I can
remember street-boys shouting after the
butcher's man : —
Butcher, butcher, killed a calf,
Ran away with the best half.
This was in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
I have recently written about * Itinerant
Tailors' (US. ii. 505). I might have added
itinerant butchers and pig-killers.
W. C. B.
Those interested in the subject of the toll
levied by millers will find several references
to the system as it existed in Scotland in
' The Monastery ' (chap. xiii. and notes).
Apropos of MB. GERISH' s reference to the
case of the honest miller of Great Gaddesden,
I remember reading in Milling some years
ago a paragraph about an epitaph which was
said to mark the last resting-place of an
American miller. It ran : —
God works wonders now and then :
Here lies a miller — an honest man.
The epitaph may possibly be apocryphal,
but it serves to show that our forefathers'
opinion of millers was by no means a flatter-
ing one. LEONARD J. HODSON.
Robertsbridge, Sussex.
Sussex lays claim to an " honest miller "
who resided at Chalvington ; but tradition
says that he throve so ill that he hanged
himself to his own mill-post. For further
particulars see Sussex Archaeological Journal
(vol. iii.)> and The Antiquary for June, 1909,
in which the subject of honest millers is
dealt with in an article on ' Sussex Wind-
mills.' P. D. M.
[ScoTUS and A. T. W. also thanked for replies.]
EMINENT LIBRARIANS (US. ii. 489, 538).
—For G. H. Pertz, " Oberbibliothekar "
of the Royal Library, Berlin, see an article in
' Meyer's Konversationslexikon.' There is
an account of his son Georg Pertz, who trans-
lated Burns into German, in Briimmer's
' Lexikon der deutschen Dichter des 1&
Jahrhunderts.' G. H. Pertz's most im-
portant service to Germanic philology is his
finding the manuscript of the Old High
German ' Strassburger Blutsegen,' pub-
lished by Jakob Grimm. An account of this
monument is given in Paul's ' Grundiiss der
germanischen Philologie,' Band II., p. 66.
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
If MR. F. C. WHITE will revise his dates
from information supplied by the ' D.N.B.,'
he will find that the Rev. Henry John Todd
was born in 1763 (not 1765), Dr. David Laing
in 1793 (not 1790), and Sir Anthony Panizzi
in 1797 (not 1799). W. SCOTT.
GREAT SNOW IN 1614 (11 S. ii. 508).-
Stow refers to the severity of the winter
of 1613-14 in his annals thus : —
" The 17th of January began a great Frost,
with extreame Snow \vhich continued untill
the 14th of February, and albeit the Violence of
the Frost and Snow some dayes abated, yet it
continued freezing and snowing much or little
untill the 7th of March."
Some account of this severe frost is to be
found in a contemporary chapbook, the
title-page of which runs as follows : —
The Cold Yeare, 1614.
A Deepe Snowe :
In which Men and Cattell have perished,
To the generall losse of Farmers, Grasiers, Hus-
bandmen, and all sorts of People in the
Countrie ; and no lesse hurtfull to
Citizens.
Written Dialogue-wise, in a plaine Familiar Talke
betweene a London Shopkeeper, and a
North-Country-Man,
[n which, the Reader shall find many thinges for .
his profit.
mprinted at London for Thomas Langley in luie
Lane, where they are to be sold.
1015.
14
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. 7, 1911.
A reprint of this chapbook may be found
in vol. ii. of 'The Old Book Collector's
Miscellany,' edited by the late Charles
Hindley. W. C. BOLLAND,
Lincoln's Inn.
This great snow was in 1614/15 : —
" January 16th began the greatest snow which
ever fell upon the earth within man's memorye.
It covered the earth fyve quarters deep upon the
playne. There fell also ten less snows in Aprill,
some a foote deep, some lesse, but none continued
long. Uppon May-day in the morning instead
of fetching in flowers the youths brought in flakes
of snow, which lay above a foot deep uppon the
moores and mountaynes (Youlgrave Register,
Derbyshire)."
" At York a heavy snow fell in January and
eleven weeks frost, and then the river Ouse over-
flowed, which flooded the streets, and lasted ten
days, destroying many bridges (Whittock's
York)."
The above quotations are from T. H.
Baker's ' Records of the Seasons, Prices of
Agricultural Produce, and Phenomena ob-
served in the British Isles.'
A. R. MALDEN.
From my transcription of the ancient
records of Whitgift's Hospital, Croydon,
I quote the following contemporary note : —
" Divided among the brethren and Sisters,
in consideration of the Great Snow and cold
winter, according to the appoyntment and warrant
of my L. Grace of Canterbury, to each one the
sum of vi8. riiid. 'amounting in all to the sum of
x1. xiii8. ivd. (1614-15)."
ALFBED CHAS. JONAS.
An interesting and verbatim account of
the great snow will be found in The Reli-
quary, vol. iv. p. 194, taken from the Youl-
greave parish register ; also an account of a
great drought in the following spring, when
only two showers of rain fell in over four
months. " Nature always pays its debts."
A. C.
Describing the great snow in the winter
of 1614-15, Chambers (' Domestic Annals of
Scotland') quotes from Balfour's 'Annals
of Scotland,' and cites other authorities
to show the terrible severity of the season.
W. SCOTT.
CHBISTMAS MUMMERS AS MAMMALS OB
BIKDS (11 S. ii. 507).— Some additional infor-
mation may perhaps be obtained from
Hone's ' Works,' edition 1845 ; an article
in Chambers' s Journal, 1848, on ' Obser-
vances of Christmas in the Olden Time ' ;
* Dorsetshire Mummers,' in The Folk-lore
Record, vol. iii. 1880 ; and Miss C. M.
Yonge's ' The Christmas Mummers, and
other Stories,' 1858.
A graphic account of a singular custom
once prevalent in Dumfriesshire, indicative
of the detestation in which the memory of
the persecutor Grierson of Lag was long held
in that part of Scotland, will be found in
' The Burns Country,' by Mr. C. S. Dougall,
1904, pp. 271-4. The observance, not
necessarily confined, however, to the Christ-
mas season, represented the persecutor as a
grotesque animal figure, crawling on all
fours in search of Whigs. ' SCOTUS.
Fosbroke, ' Antiquities,' p. 668, states
that some mummers were disguised like
bears, others like unicorns, bringing presents.
There is a small illustrated plate of these,
and a reference to Strutt's ' Sports,' 124,
189, 190. TOM JONES.
CHBISTMAS BOUGH : CHBISTMAS BUSH
(11 S. ii. 507). — The Christmas bough, con-
sisting of a bundle of evergreens decorated
with oranges, apples, &c., and hung up in
the kitchen, has always been called " the
mistletoe " as long as I can remember, and
is supposed to convey the same kissing
privileges as, the actual mistletoe, which was
never seen here before the days of railways.
J. T. F.
Winterton, Lines.
In my own childhood (fifteen to twenty
years ago) at Epworth in Lincolnshire, we
never had a Christmas tree, but always a
bush of the type described by ANCHOLME.
It was formed of two wooden hoops placed
one inside the other cross-wise, and then
trimmed with evergreens, such as holly,
ivy, box, &c. Apples, oranges, and small
fancy articles were suspended from the
framework, and a light hung in the middle
or below. I have seen such bushes in other
houses not many years since in the same
place, and my father tells me they were
common in South Notts in his boyhood.
It was there called " the kissing-bush."
We called it " the holly-bush." H. I. B.
The earliest of those I knew over sixty
years ago were much the same as described
by ANCHOLME. The most used name for
them in Derbyshire was " kissing-bush,"
because at every cottage Christmas gathering
every one — child, maid, lad, as well as
mother and father — had to be kissed under
it, or, if it hung too low from the kitchen
beam, by the side of it, and under it all the
kissing forfeits in the games had to be
redeemed.
At one of the editorial references given I
described the making of the " Christmas
a s. in. JA». 7, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
15
kissing-bush." The outer and inner hoops
of which the frame of the kissing-bush was
made were kept from year to year, for it was
lucky to do this, just as it was to keep a
portion of the " yowl-clog " with which
to light the next year's fire-log. For many
years none used the words " Santa Claus "
or " Christmas tree " : it was Father
Christmas and Christmas bush, bough, or
bunch. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
The Christmas tree, as stated in the query,
was originally " made in Germany," whence
it was brought over to this country in the
early decades of last century. Since then
it has attained so great a popularity
among us that, as regards devotion to the
Christmas tree, Britain may now be said to
be more German than Germany itself. The
Christmas bough, however, preceded the
Christmas tree, and has more claim to be
regarded as a British institution. For a
discussion of the tree as well as the bough,
see the various articles on Christmas in
Chambers' s ' Book of Days,' vol. ii. With
regard to literary references, does not
Washington Irving, in his ' Sketch Book,'
say something about the Christmas bough
as a feature in Christmas observances ?
SCOTUS.
[MR. HOLBEN MACMICHAEL also thanked for
reply.]
OWLS CALLED " CHEBUBIMS " (11 S. ii.
505). — I am reminded of a story which I
heard, when a boy, from an old Cornish
great-aunt, a tale which may be condensed
thus : —
One evening two miners borrowed a gun,
and went out for some unaccustomed sport.
Presently something flew across the path
in front of them ; the man with the gun
fired, and the bird fell. But when the
miners went to pick it up, they were first
amazed, then terrified, for it was a big white
owl ; they had never seen anything like it
before, and could not believe that it was a
bird. So they came to the dread conclusion
that they had shot a cherub. Filled with
horror, they rushed off to the rector, con-
fessed their crime, and asked what they
should do to save themselves from punish-
ment. Thereupon the rector, who loved a
joke, said that on Sunday they must walk
through the village to the church, each clad
in a white sheet, as a sign of penitence.
Which was done, and no evil consequences
resulted to the slayers. G. H. WHITE.
St. Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
The reason probably why the owls were
called " cherubims " was the resemblance
between owls and the winged faces that
passed for " cherubims " on headstones and
elsewhere about village churches. I have
heard a story of a lad who ran home to his
father in a terrible fright, saying, " Father,
father, I 've shotten a cherubim," thinking
he had committed some unheard-of impiety.
The father at once consoled him by telling
him it was " nowt but a hullat " (owlet)
that he had shot. J. T. F.
Winterton, Lines.
In the late Mr. Bosworth Smith's ' Bird
Life and Bird Lore,' published by John
Murray, may be seen a reproduction of an old
print in ' Sporting Anecdotes ' (1804, Albion
Press) entitled ' Cherubim Shooting.' The
white owl, which looks at times all head and
wings, is not unlike the representation of
cherubim in Christian art, in which the head
represents the fullness of knowledge implied
in the name, the wings the angelic nature.
FRANK E. COOPE.
Thurlestone Rectory, Kingsbridge, S. Devon.
ATJTHOBS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (US-
ii. 488). — The lines quoted by MB. H. S.
BBANDBETH are an incorrect version of a
well-known passage in Tennyson's ' May
Queen : Conclusion,' stanza 7 : —
The trees began to whisper, and the wind began
to roll,
And in the wild March-morning I heard them call
my soul.
The oratio recta of the poet has been changed
into the oratio obliqua in the query, and there
are other variations. W. S. S.
The original couplet is in Tennyson's
'May Queen.' The garbled version of it
appears, I feel sure, in a novel by either
Charles or Henry Kingsley. It is there
applied to the Guards leaving London for
the Crimea : " Surely there was many a fine
fellow who," &c. kG. W. E. RUSSELL.
JOHN BBIGHT'S QUOTATIONS (US. ii. 508).
2. Unholy is the voice
Of loud thanksgiving over slaughter'd men,
is Cowper's translation of 'Odyssey,' xxii.
412. WM. EDWABD POLLABD.
Hertford.
3. " Fortune came smiling," &c., will be
found in Dryden's ' All for Love.'
W. SCOTT.
4. " The Scipios' tomb contains no ashes
now " is from ' Childe Harold,' iv. 79.
THOMAS BAYNE.
16
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JAN. 7, ion.
' GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE ' : NUMBERING
OF VOLUMES (11 S. ii. 388, 477). — I am in-
debted to MR. A. S. LEWIS for his reply, but
it is not clear to me that he solves the diffi-
culty by assuming a slip on the part of the
editor. No doubt it is true, as MR. LEWIS
points out, that the preface of fche January
to June, 1857, volume speaks of its " two
hundred predecessors " ; but this seems
to be merely a loose phrase for " two hundred
or thereby," as the immediately preceding
leaf explicitly styles the volume "the two-
hundred-and-second since the commence-
ment," and this numeration is adhered to in
subsequent volumes.
Another correspondent points out that in
the Preface to the Obituary Index printed in
1891 an attempt is made to defend the
numeration by reckoning the issue for 1782
as composed of two volumes instead of one.
But is there any justification for this ?
The numbers for 1781 run to 633 pages.
The numbers for 1782 run to 631 pages.
The numbers for 1783 run to 1067 pages.
It thus appears that the increase in bulk
suggesting the breaking-up of each year into
two parts took place in 1783, not 1782.
Further, I find that the caption-heading of
the number for July, 1783, is " The Gentle-
man's Magazine for July, 1783 : being the first
number of the second part of vol. 53 " ; while
the heading of the number for July, 1782,
lacks the italicized part. Our copy of July
to December, 1783, has an independent
title-page : " The Gentleman's Magazine
for the year 1783. Part the second." Does a
corresponding title-page exist for July to
December, 1782 ? P. J. ANDERSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
DANES' -BLOOD, A FLOWER (11 S. ii. 488). —
This is a local name in Hertfordshire and
Essex applied to several plants which are
supposed to owe their origin to the blood of
slaughtered Danes. My first acquaintance
with a plant of this denomination proved
to be the Dane wort or dwarf elder, which
grew fairly freely in places by the side of the
main road between Anstey and Barkway.
Weever in his ' Antient Funeral Monu-
ments,' 1631, p. 707, referring to Bartlow,
Essex, says : —
"Banewort, which with bloud - red berries
commeth up here plenteously, they still call by no
other name than Danesbloud', of the number of the
Danes that were there slaine."
Camden in his 'Britannia,' 1607, refers to
the same plant as the wall-wort or dwarf
elder. It should be noted that the elder-
berries are not red, but a reddish-black, and
yield a violet juice.
The Anemone pulsatilla or pasque-flower,
found in abundance near Ashwell, Herts, is
also known locally as Danes' -blood. Mr.
E. V. Methold in his ' Notes on Stevenage,
Herts,' remarks that in the hedges of the field
known to this day as " Danes' Blood Field "
there grows a plant called " monkshood,"
in which, during the spring, the sap turns
to a reddish colour. W. B. GERISH.
In * Tongues in Trees,' a work on plant-
lore published by George Allen in 1891, I
read at p. 48 : —
"The pasque-flower, Anemone pulsatilla, a native
in the fields near Royston, is there supposed to have
grown from the blood of Danes slain in battle. The
same idea attaches in Wiltshire to the Danewort or
dwarf elder, Sambucus Ebulus ; though at the High
Cross on Watling Street near Leicester it is recorded
as having been planted by the Romans as a preser-
vative against dropsy."
W. T.
According to Folkard, the plant to which
this legend properly belongs is the dwarf
elder. He quotes Aubrey in support, who
locates the legend at S laugh terford in Wilts.
Friend says the name is given in various
places to the rose, anemone, thistle, Adonis,,
and other flowers too numerous to mention.
C. C. B.
Britten and Holland, ' Plant Names/
1886, p. 142, give three species : 1. Sambucus
Ebulus, L., Cambs, Wilts ; 2. Anemone
pulsatilla, L., Cambs, N. Essex, Norf. 3.
Campanula glomerata, L., Cambs.
S. L. PETTY.
Ulverston.
It is not only the clustered bell-flower
(Campanula glomerata) that is known as
Danes' -blood. The dwarf elder, Sambucus
Ebulus, is also known both as Danes' -blood
and Danes' -wort (Berkshire), and, as may be
seen in Salmon's ' London Dispensatory,'
was a common remedy for various ills. The
popular belief that the flower sprang
originally from the blood of the Danes which
stained the ancient battle-fields is still
common in Wiltshire, North Hertfordshire,
Hampshire, Cumberland, North Essex, and
Norfolk. In Northamptonshire the plant
is known also as Dane-weed, and Defoe in
his ' Tour through Great Britain ' speaks
of his going a little out of the road from*
Daventry to see a great camp called Barrow
Hill, and adds : —
" They say this was a Danish camp, and every-
: thing hereab'out is attributed to the Danes, because
ii s. HI. JAN. 7, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
17
of the neighbouring Daventry, which they suppose
to be built by them. The road hereabouts, too,
being overgrown with Dane- weed, they fancy it
sprang from the blood of Danes slain in battle ; and
that, if upon a certain day iii the year you cut it, it
bleeds."— Vol. ii. p. 362.
There is a full account of the tradition in
The Gardeners' Chronicle, 1875, p. 515. See
also Prior and Britten, s.v.v. Dane wort,
Dane weed ; Aubrey's ' Natural History of
Wilts,' p. 50 ; ' Natural History and Anti-
quities of Surrey,' iv. 217, cited in ' Flowers
and Flower Lore,' by the Rev. Hilderie
Friend. 1884. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
4, Hurlingham Court, S.W.
[G. F. R. B. also thanked for reply.]
HIGH STEWARDS AND RECORDERS AT THE
RESTORATION (US. ii. 488).— Sir Orlando
Bridgeman was Lord Keeper of the Great
Seal 1667-72, during which time there was
no one with the title of Lord Chancellor.
Lord Campbell in the introduction to his
' Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers
of the Great Seal of England,' 1845, vol. i.
p. 20, cites 5 Eliz. c. 18, which declares
that " the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
for the time being shall have the same place,
pre-eminence, and jurisdiction as the Lord
Chancellor of England."
He continues : —
" Since then there of course never have been a
Chancellor and Keeper of the Great Seal concur-
rently, and the only difference between the two
titles is, that the one is more sounding than the
other, and is regarded as a higher mark of royal
favour."
Will MRS. SUCKLING give her reference
for the statement that Roger Gollop was
M.P. for Southampton in 1659, and say
whether Southampton means the county or
the borough ? There is no Roger Gollop in
the Index of the Official (Blue-book) Return
of Members of Parliament. This does not
prove that there was no such member, as
the seventeenth-century lists are not perfect.
George Gollopp, or Gollop, or Gallopp,
alderman, sat for Southampton borough in
the Parliaments of 17 May, 1625 — 12 August,
1625 ; of 6 February, 1625/6—15 June, 1626 ;
of 17 March, 1627/8—10 March, 1628/9 ; and
of 1640 (Long Parliament).
In the Parliament of 13 April, 1640 —
5 May, 1640, Southampton borough was
represented by Sir John Mill, Bt., and
Thomas Levingstonne, Esq. In the next —
the Long Parliament — one of the two mem-
bers was George Gollopp (see above). In
the next, 3 September, 1654 — 22 January,
1654/5, John Lisle, Esq., one of the Lords
Commissioners of the Great Seal, and Re-
corder of Southampton, appears alone as
member for the borough.
In the lists of the next three Parliaments,
viz., of 1656, 1658/9, and 1660, the borough
does not appear. It reappears in that
of 1661 with two members.
In the list of the Parliament of 1658.9,
which lasted less than three months, there
were two members for Southampton county :
one of unknown name ("Return torn"),
the other Robert Wallopp, Esq., of Fare
Wallopp, co. Southampton. About that
time a Wallopp generally sat for the county.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
There was no Lord Chancellor in 1671.
Clarendon surrendered the Great Seal on
30 August, 1667. It was given to Shaftes-
bury on 17 November, 1672. During the
intervening period Sir Orlando Bridgeman
was Lord Keeper. EDWARD BENSLY.
A great deal of valuable matter relating
to High Stewards will be found in Webb's
' English Local Government, vols. ii.— iii.
ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
[G. F. R. B., DIEGO, M., and MB. W. SCOTT also
thanked for replies.]
DANTE, RUSKIN, AND A FONT (11 S. ii.
469). — Dante says himself (' Inferno,' xix.
19—20), when speaking of the punishment
of the Simonists : —
" I saw the livid stone, on the sides and on the
bottom, full of holes, all of one breadth ; and each
was round. Not less wide they seemed to me, nor
larger, than those that are in my beauteous San
Giovanni made for stands to the baptizers ; one of
which, not many years ago, I broke to save one that
was drowning in it :
L'un delli quali, ancor non e molt' anni,
Rupp' io per uri che dentro ri annegava."
A. R. BAYLEY.
Miss SUMNER : MRS. SKRINE OR SKREENE
(11 S. ii. 389, 475).— I have a copy of the
Chippendale book-plate of Wm. Brightwell
Sumner of Hatchlands, East Clandon,
Surrey, with a bequest label attached, " The
Bequest of my Brother, the Revd Dr Rob
Carey Sumner," which is enclosed in a
floral wreath, c. 1770. The arms are :
Ermines, two chevronels or, a crescent gu.
for difference, impaling. . . .a stag trippant
. . . .for Holme. Crest, a lion's head erased
.... ducally gorged ....
There is another book-plate of this family,
viz., a festoon armorial, c. 1780, for Geo.
Holmne Sumner, armiger, of Hatchlands ;
but I have not a copy of it.
18
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 7, 1911.
There is a pedigree of the Sumners of
Hatchlands in Burke' s ' Landed Gentry,'
5th ed. It also appears in other editions.
CHAS. HALL CROUCH.
48, Nelson Road, Stroud Green, N.
ELIZABETH WOODVILLE AND THE KINGS OF
COLOGNE (11 S. ii. 449).— The attempt to
connect Elizabeth Woodville with one of
the three Kings of Cologne is, I fear, a hope-
less undertaking. It was doubtless through
her mother, Jaquette or Jacqueline, that the
connexion (if such there was) existed. But
the difficulties in the way of tracing her
descent seem insuperable. In Cologne, I
believe, the names assigned to the three
Kings are Gaspar (or Jaspar), Melchior, and
Balthazar. There are, however, at least
four other accounts, in every one of which the
names are different. From an origin so
obscure and nebulous, it appears impossible
to deduce the pedigree of the Lady Eliza-
beth Woodville with anything approaching
accuracy. W. S. S.
BABIES AND KITTENS (11 S. ii. 509). —
Miss Charlotte Leatham in an • article on
West Sussex superstitions lingering in 1868
(Folk - lore Eecord, i. 18) says : " The belief
that a baby and a kitten cannot thrive in the
same house is far from being peculiar to
Sussex."
Norfolk people hold the same view, and
they will not hesitate to drown a cat if it
is ailing when there is an infant about.
W. B. GERISH.
LOWTHEBS v. HOWARDS : A SUPERSTITION
UPSET (11 S. ii. 504). — I first heard the saying
mentioned, "A Lowther cannot beat a
Howard," during the recent election. If
it is of long standing ("a century and a
half," The Morning Post says), it is difficult to
see how it could have any foundation on
fact. In the Parliaments of 1695, 1698,
1700, 1701, and 1780 Carlisle, and in those of
1679, 1806, 1807, 1812, and 1818 Cumber-
land, each of which was a two-seat con-
stituency, returned both a Lowther and a
Howard. This must have meant either a
compromise or such a balance of power
as gave no advantage to either family. The
expression " A Lowther cannot beat a
Howard," or, as I heard it, "A Lowther has
never beaten a Howard," implies a number
of contests at the polls in which a Howard
was uniformly successful over a Lowther.
I do not find that the political history of
Cumberland and Westmorland affords any
Confirmation of such a view. DIEGO.
Leland's Itinerary in England. Edited by Lucy
Toulmin Smith. Parts IX., X., and XI. (Bell
& Sons.)
THIS volume marks the conclusion of the valuable
and scholarly work upon which Miss Toulmin
Smith has been long engaged. Of its contents,
one part only, Part X. — having to do with
Oxfordshire, Berkshire, Wilts, Somerset, Glouces-
tershire, and Dorset — is in the nature of con-
tinuous narrative. The remainder 'consists of
miscellaneous notes in Latin and English, those
in Part XI. having formed to some extent the
basis of the more connected disquisitions in the
earlier portions of the Itinerary. An interesting
Appendix to Part X. sets forth a ' Note ' by
Thomas Hearne on the building of the bridge
between Culham and Abingdon, concluding with
the cita,tion of a " table " put up by " Mr.
Richard Fannand, iron-monger," in the Hall of
St. Helen's Hospital, wherein the details of the
enterprise — labour, material, and dimensions —
are set forth in pious and enthusiastic verse.
This, the final volume, is supplied with every-
thing necessary towards perfecting the work as
a whole, and facilitating references. The Preface
contains an additional note of the Leland MSS.
in the British Museum ; there is a ' Conspectus
of English and Welsh Counties ' touched upon
by the traveller. ; a list of the ' Maps and Illustra-
tions in the Five Volumes ' ; 'A Concordance of
the Present Edition of Leland's Itinerary with
Hearne's Printed Text, Second Edition, 1744 ' ;
and a ' Glossary ' of ' Archaic Words and Senses ' ;
while the two general Indexes, of ' Persons and
Landowners ' and ' Places and Subjects ' respec-
tively, which have reference to the volumes pre-
ceding as well as the present, are, so far as we have
been able to test them, wonderfully accurate.
By her thorough and painstaking performance
of a task which has demanded infinite patience
and scrupulous care, no less than learning and
critical insight of a high order, Miss Toulmin
Smith has earned the gratitude not only of
antiquaries, but also of those less responsible
persons who love to dabble in local history and
tradition for the romance that is in them.
IN The Cornhill Magazine for the new year Mrs.
Humphry Ward begins a new novel, ' The Case of
Richard Meynell,' another story of theological
difficulties, and Mr. and Mrs. Egerton Castle
a lively story, ' The Lost Iphigenia.' Mr. J.
Meade Falkner has a pleasant poem on ' Oxford.'
Mrs. Woods's ' Pastel ' is concerned with ' Black
and White,' and finds something to say in favour of
the former. Sir Frederick Pollock in ' Arabiniana'
deals with the odd sayings of Serjeant Arabin, an
original character who administered justice from
1827 till 1841. His best-known saying, and we
think his best — the others are nothing like so
witty — is current in some such words as
" Prisoner, God has given you good abilities,
instead of which you go about the country stealing
ducks." For " good abilities " we have generally
heard " health and strength." Mrs. S. A.
Barnett has a short, but sensible article ' Of
Town Planning.' ' Marlborough's Men,' by Col.
Hugh Pearse, is suggestive, but rather too much
of a summary^to please us. " Q." has a lively
ii s. in. JAN. 7, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
19
account of ' The Election Count ' in his own dis-
trict, the hopes and fears and amenities of such
occasions. Sir James Ypxall in ' A Great Game
at Hide and Seek ' explains how Bruslart worried
Napoleon. His fantastic style is full of affecta-
tion. Mr. A. C. Benson's personal sketch this
month is concerned with ' J. K. S.,' and gives a
highly interesting view of that brilliant and eccen-
tric figure. The first of a series of " Examina-
tion Papers " on famous authors is begun this
month by a number of questions on Lamb which
are set by Mr. E. V. Lucas. For the best answers
two guineas are offered.
The Fortnightly for the year is an exceptionally
interesting number. Mr. J. L. Garvin's notes
on the present political situation are not con-
vincing, and are spoilt for us by idle repetition.
Mr. Walter Sichel in ' Second Thoughts ' is also
on the Conservative side, while Mr. Belloc in ' The
Change in Politics ' abuses both sides, and has
good reason, we think, for much that he con-
demns. Mr. Granville Barker has an account of
' Two German Theatres ' which suggests abun-
dant reflections concerning the mismanagement
of our own stage and the recent failure of reper-
tory. What Mr. Barker says should be carefully
considered by all who care for the drama in this
country. ' Post - Impressionists ' supply Mr.
Walter Sickert with a subject for incisive criticism.
A painter himself, Mr. Sickert writes with marked
ability and verve on the artists who have come
after the Impressionists of his earlier days. In
' Impressions of Congress ' Mr. Sydney Brooks
brings out very well the free and easy manners of
American politicians as compared with our own.
Washington and Westminster are widely different
in their observances. Any one can go past the
doors of the national Capitol, smoke in corridors,
and take any seat in the great public galleries
which happens to be vacant. In the House of
Representatives " each member has a revolving
arm-chair and a spacious desk in front of it."
' A Candid Colloquy on Religion ' should attract
attention, as it exhibits cleverly three typical
points of view, the believer of the party being a
Roman Catholic.' Mr. Sidney Low writes on
' The End of the Old Constitution ' with the
experience of an old hand ; and Mr. W hitelaw Reid
reprints an address on ' Byron ' delivered to
inaugurate a proposed Byron Chair of English
Literature. Mr. Francis Gribble has an article
on ' Tolstoy ' which brings into relief some of the
important points and inconsistencies in the career
of that thinker and artist. ' Benlian,' a story by
Mr. Oliver Onions, is a weird and effective study
in morbid influences ; and Mr. Lennard's fourth
section of his hero ' In Search of Egeria ' deals
with a modern, neurotic type of woman.
Ix the two opening papers of The Nineteenth
Century Lord Ribblesdale and Lord Dunraven
discuss the results of the recent election. Mr.
Harold Cox speaks of the Referendum as ' A
Great Democratic Reform ' necessary to cope with
"misrepresentation by groups of log-rolling
politicians." He hopes it may come into force in
a few years. Lady Paget's ' Recollections of
Copenhagen in the 'Sixties ' are chiefly concerned
with the difficulties in the choice of the Danish
King of Greece, whose father Prince Christian
was, at first, decidedly opposed to separation
from his son. Sir Edward Clayton considers ' The
Home Secretary and Prison Reform,' providing,
we think, some useful and shrewd criticism.
Capt. G. S. C. Swinton is in favour of 'A " King
Edward " Bridge ' as a memorial. Hungerford
Bridge and Charing Cross Station are, it is
argued, unworthy of their prominence. They are
either to make way altogether, " the station
moving bodily to a more convenient position
elsewhere," or to be included in one great recon-
struction scheme. This might be very fine, but
the expense would be prohibitive. The second!
part of ' The Married Working Woman : a Study,'
is well worth reading. Of ' Carillon Music,' as
Mr. E. B. Osborn says, little is known in England.
He speaks of the triumphs achieved by various
artists at the meeting of bell-masters in Mechlin.
M. Denyn is the master of them all, and performs,
we learn, on a set of thirty-five bells at Cattistock
in Dorset every year on the last Thursday in July.
This is the only keyboard carillon of any conse-
quence in the country, but perhaps some of our
latest towers will be provided with bell-music..
Mrs. Watherston gives a lively and interesting
account of ' An Outpost of our Empire,' viz.,
Tamale in West Africa, which she was the first
white woman to inhabit. Other articles are con-
cerned with English sculpture, education, small
holdings, and democracy, but we regret to firkl
that no single paper deals with letters.
Ix The Burlington Magazine the ' Editorial '
deals with ' National Memorials and Selection
Committees.' The competition for the statue of
King Edward should, it is said, be thrown open
to all artists of the British Empire, and the designs
be on show in some large central building during
the period of the Coronation this year, when
Colonial and Indian officials may be able to select
those of them suitable for local requirements. The
jury of selection is then discussed. We agree that
it should foe possible, and is desirable, to get
eminent foreigners to help ; and we also applaud
the idea of using the services of ': a certain number
of men of general critical knowledge and familiarity
with the masterpieces of older sculpture." The
statue, after all, is not to be viewed mainly
by sculptors, who, like other artists, are apt to
ignore the claims of general design in favour of
some technical subtlety or merit. Mr. Roger
Fry writes on ' A Portrait of Leonello D'Este '
by Roger Van der Weyden which is figured in
colours in the frontispiece, the coat of arms on
the reverse side being also reproduced on a plate.
Mr. Lionel Cust continues in his ' Notes on Pic-
tures in the Royal Collections ' discussion of Van
Dyck's splendid equestrian portraits of Charles I.
M. Paul Lafond has discovered an interesting
subject for discussion in ' Ox- Yokes in the North
of Portugal,' the designs on which approach a
primitive character, though the actual specimens
secured are, in fact, contemporary work. They
are certainly beautiful, and offer a fascinating
field for the tracing of design down the ages. A
similar study is afforded by a plate in which Sir
Martin Conway puts together pictures of two
fourteenth-century chests.
Of the remaining articles and notes we mention
specially a clever plea for the Post-Impressionists
by Mr. A. Clutton- Brock, and information from a
foreign correspondent concerning forthcoming
letters of Van Gogh. It is noted that the ' St.
Sebastian' of Mantegna has been moved from
the village of Aigue-Perse to the Louvre.
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. 7, wn.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JANUARY.
r MR. ANDREW BAXENDINE'S Edinburgh
Catalogue 121 contains some new books as well as
second-hand ones and remainders. We note the
' Wellington Despatches,' with index, 13 vols.,
II. 5s. ; and Bewick's 'Birds ' and ' Quadrupeds/
-3 vols., half-morocco, Newcastle, 1816-21,
II. 10s. Under Alpine is VVooster's ' Alpine
Plants,' 2 vols., fine copy, 1Z. 10s. The " Ancient
Classics for English Readers," 28 vols. in 14,
half-calf, are II. 5s., and " Aldine Poets," 51 vols.,
cloth, as new, 21. 2s. Billings's ' Antiquities of
Scotland,' 4 vols., 4to, half-morocco, 1845-52, a
handsome copy, is 4Z. 10s. 6d. ; and the reprint,
1901, 21. Under Scotland is a complete set of the
historians of Scotland, together 10 vols., cloth,
1871-80, 31. 15s. Qd. Under Scott are several
entries, including 'The Border Antiquities,'
2 vols., 4to, old red morocco, 1814, 21. 2s. Under
Burns are the first London edition with list of
subscribers, red morocco, 1787, 3Z. 10s. 6d. ;
and Allan Cunningham's edition, 8 vols., blue
morocco, 21. 2s. The list, which is a varied one,
contains fifteen hundred items.
Mr. F. C. Carter's Hornsey Catalogue 27 is
devoted to Americana. There are in all four
hundred items at moderate prices. A collection
of trials, 29 pamphlets, 1795-1852, may be had
for 21. 12s., and 11 Civil War pamphlets, 1849-65,
for 12s. Qd.
Mr. Carter sends also (Extra Series 4) a Cata-
logue of Deeds, Charters, and Autograph Letters.
There are many documents relating to Gibbon,
with some unpublished correspondence. Under
;St. Pancras is part of a plan showing a tea garden,
and there is an item of special interest at the
E resent time, a collection of 56 Peers' Proxies,
lank, early nineteenth century, with signatures
of Selkirk, Clinton, Shaftesbury, Verulam, Mac-
aulay, and others, II. 5s.
Mr. George Gregory of Bath includes in his
Catalogue numbered 199-200 the rare mezzotint
' The Daughters of Sir Thomas Frankland,'
engraved by Ward after Hoppner, published
21 April, 1800, a magnificent impression,
100 guineas. Among the books are Fathers of
the Church, miscellaneous Theology, Clark's
" Foreign Theological Library," and Greek and
Latin classics. Works from the library of the
late Canon Griffiths comprise Atkyns's ' Glouces-
tershire,' folio, 1768, 3Z. 15s. ; ' Percy Anecdotes,'
40 vols. in 20, 1Z. 7s. ; Skelton's ' Oxonia Antiqua
Restaurata,' 2 vols., imperial 4to, 1823, 2Z. 2s. ;
and Foxe's ' Book of Martyrs,' black-letter,
3 vols., folio, 1641, 4Z. 10s. There are some recent
purchases, among which are ' The American
Atlas,' 1775, 6Z. ; and Ackermann's ' Cambridge,'
2 vols., imperial 4to, half-morocco, 1815, a
brilliantly coloured copy, 13Z. Under Bath are
Nattes's Views, 28 coloured plates, royal folio,
handsomely bound in calf, 1806, 9Z.
Mr. WT. M. Murphy's Liverpool Catalogue 160
contains the Transactions and Proceedinys of the
Society of Biblical Archaeology, 1872-93, i3Z. 10s. ;
a handsome set of Punch, original issue, 1841-
1909, 137 vols. in 69 yearly volumes, half-morocco,
27Z. 10s. ; the Abbotsford Scott, 17 vols., half-
vellum, 1842-6, 10?. ; and the Dauphin edition of
Boileau, 2 vols., large 4to, morocco, a choice
copy, Paris, 1789, 5Z. 5s. Under Byroniana is the
first edition of the ' Genuine Rejected Addresses,'
original boards, very scarce, 1812, 4Z. Under
Ceramic is Hobson's 'Worcester Porcelain,'
6Z. 6s. A copy of ' The Century Dictionary,'
8 vols., full morocco, gilt, is priced 61. Among
many Dickens items is an extra-illustrated copy
of the first 8vo edition with autograph letter of
Dickens, levant, 1839, 6Z. 10s. Other works
include ' The Historians' History of the World,'
Times edition, 1907, 11Z. 10s. ; Smyth's ' Roman
Medals,' 1Z. 5s. ; Montaigne's ' Essais,' Paris,
1600, 4Z. 10s. ; the first edition of Rogers's ' Italy,'
1830, 2Z. 10s. ; and Spotiswoode's ' Church of
Scotland, 'fourth edition, 1677, 2Z. 10s. Dodsley's
' Collection of Old English Plays,' a fine fresh set,
is 7Z. 7s. Under Constable are a pair of mezzo-
tints, fine impressions, 15 guineas; also 'The
Rainbow,' 4 guineas.
Messrs. W. N. Pitcher & Co.'s Manchester
Catalogue 189 contains all classes of literature.
There is a large-paper copy of Angelo's ' Remi-
niscences,' limited to 75 copies ; also a large-
paper copy of ' The Picnic,' limited to 50 copies,
together 3 vols., royal Svo, half-morocco, 1904-5,
5Z. 5s. Under Art Sales is Redford's ' History of
Sales of Pictures,' 2 vols., scarce, 1888, 9Z. There
is a set of the " Badminton Library of Sports
and Pastimes," 30 vols., half blue morocco, 7Z. 10s.;
and the Caxton Edition of ' La Com^die Humaine,'
4Z. The Haworth Edition of the Brontes' works,
7 vols., is, 3Z. 7s. Qd. There are also the Cole-
ridge and Prothero edition of Byron, the 17-
volume edition of Browning, the Vierge edition
of ' Don Quixote,' Ormerod's ' Cheshire,' and
Fielding, 11 vols., with Life by Murphy. An
extra-illustrated Lysons's ' Magna Britannia,'
extended to 10 vols., half -morocco, 1806-22, is
16Z. 10s. Under Manchester are 12 original
pencil drawings by Melton Prior, depicting scenes
during the visit of the Prince and Princess of
Wales in 1887, 71. 10s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
We must call special attention to the following
notices : —
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
Editorial communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries ' "—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
Lucis (" Terrible Vautrin "). — Vautrin is a
desperate criminal in Balzac's ' Le Pere Goriot.'
XYLOGRAPITER (" Gruneisen "). — He was for
some years musical critic of The Athcmceum, and
died in 1879. See life in ' D.N.B.'
CORRIGENDUM. — 11 S. ii. 512, col. 1, 1. 4, for
' Balser " read Baker.
ii s. in. JAN. 14, ion.] NOTES AND QUEEIES.
LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY U, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 55.
NOTES : — Shelley and Leigh Hunt, 21 — Statues and
Memorials in the British Isles, 22— The Earliest Tele-
graphy, 24— Sir John Chandos— James Forsyth— " Elze "
=Already, 25— Longfellow on Dufresny, 26.
QUERIES:— Sophie Dawes— Miss Wykeham— Alderman
Wilcox, 27— Benjamin D'Israeli of Dublin— Teesdale
Legion— Capt. Witham and the Siege of Gibraltar-
Grange Court, St. Clement Danes — Thackeray and
Pugilism— Thackeray and the Stage— T. J. Thackeray
— O. Goldsmith, B.A., 28— M. G. Drake — Richard
Heylin— W. J. Lockwood— T. Coryat and Westminster
School — Authors Wanted— " Teetotal " — Ha.ckney and
Tom Hood— Miss Pastrana— Lady Elizabeth Preston,
29— County Coats of Arms— Coroner of the Verge— Crowe
Families, 30.
BEPLIES :— Poor Souls' Light: " Totenlaterne," 30— Early
Graduation— Colani and the Reformation, 32— Henry of
Navarre and the Three-Handled Cup— Gordons at West-
minster School, 33— Sir Walter Raleigh and Tobacco—
' Young Folks ' — Itinerant Tailors, 34 — Westminster
Chimes— "Sackbut"— Knots in Handkerchiefs— Corpse
Bleeding— Artephius, ' De Characteribus Planetarum,' 35
—Elephant and Castle in Heraldry— Puns on Payne— The
Brown Sex, 36— Fores's Musical Envelope— Bohemian
Musical Folk-lore— Al fieri in England— Lady Conyngham
—Bishop Luscombe— " Yorker," 37— Viscount Ossington—
" Tenedish," 38.
NOTES ON BOOKS: — 'The Romance of Bookselling'—
•The National Review.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
SHELLEY AND LEIGH HUNT.
IN that very interesting compilation, ' Recol-
lections of the Table Talk of Samuel Rogers,'
the poet is reported to have said : —
" Before meeting Shelley in Italy, I had seen
him only once. It was in my own house in
St. James' Place, where he called upon me —
introducing himself — to request the loan of some
money which he wished to present to Leigh Hunt ;
and he offered me a bond for it. Having nume-
rous claims upon me at that time, 1 was obliged
to refuse the loan."
Prior to its final acceptance, a part of that
statement seems to require revision. I do
not think that Shelley before April, 1816, had
any necessity to raise money for Leigh
Hunt.
Prof. Dowden in a note (' Life of Shelley,'
vol. ii. p. 181) says : " When it was that he
[Shelley] called on Rogers to request a loan
for Leigh Hunt I cannot tell."
While not disputing the fact that Shelley
did call upon Rogers earlier than April, 1816,
to borrow money, I submit that there is no
evidence whatever that the money was
intended for Leigh Hunt. I think it can be
shown that the loan was requested for God-
win, and that the date of Shelley's visit to
Rogers was May, 1814.
When, in February, 1813, Leigh Hunt and
his brother were sentenced to two years'
imprisonment, and a fine of 500?. each, for
publishing a libel on the Prince Regent,
Shelley, who was then at Tremadoc in Wales,
wrote, on or about 19 February, to Hook-
ham, and begged him to raise a subscription
to pay Hunt's fine. Towards that object
Shelley sent 201. When it was pointed out
that neither of the Hunts would accept
pecuniary assistance, Shelley wrote direct
to Leigh Hunt, at that time in prison, and
offered to pay either the whole, or a great
part of the fine. This princely offer was at
once declined by both the brothers Hunt,
and there is no reason to believe that the
question was ever reopened. As a matter
of fact, Leigh Hunt was not personally
known to Shelley until December, 1816,
which was long after the period indicated by
Rogers.
That the visit to Rogers must have taken
place prior to Byron's departure from
England, in April, 1816, is proved by Rogers
himself, who states that on the same day that
Shelley called, Byron dined with him. Prof.
Dowden tells us (' Life of Shelley,' vol. ii.
p. 61) that in December, 1816, Mary became
aware that Shelley had either given or con-
veyed to Leigh Hunt a considerable sum
of money, possibly for his private wants.
This is the first intimation of any gift of
money by Shelley to Leigh Hunt, and can
have had no connexion whatever with
Samuel Rogers. On the other hand, it is
on record that in March, 1814, Shelley's
affairs were in a critical condition. He
wrote to his father to say that he could no
longer delay raising money by the sale of
post-obit bonds. Two months later, in
May, 1814, Shelley tried very hard to raise
money, but not for Leigh Hunt, who was not
in need of money at that time. Shelley-
wished to assist Godwin (Dowden, vol. i.
pp. 417-18), with whose daughter he eloped
at the end of July.
In May, 1815, Shelley gave Godwin
1,OOOZ., and in the following month the poet
became entitled to an income of 1,OOOZ. a
year. He had then certainly no occasion to
borrow money from Rogers, for he was, at
that time, decidedly prosperous. " Re-
lieved from poverty and the oppression of
debt," says Prof. Dowden, he longed to get
out of London, and to find some haven of
peace with Mary Godwin. Again, in
January, 1816, Shelley agreed to sell an
annuity for Godwin's benefit ; but not one
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. H, 1911.
word is mentioned of Leigh Hunt's neces-
sities until the following December.
In these circumstances it seems likely,
either that Rogers may have forgotten,
or perhaps in the first instance mistaken,
the object for which Shelley begged a loan ;
or that the compiler of the ' Table Talk *
may have misunderstood the allusion. It
appears to be only bare justice to a man who,
in after years, was not so scrupulous, to
remember that, in the hours of adversity
which he passed in prison, he showed a fine
spirit of independence.
RICHARD EDGCUMBE.
Edgbarrow, Orowthorne, Berks.
STATUES AND MEMORIALS IN THE
BRITISH ISLES.
(See 10 S. xi. 441 ; xii. 51, 114, 181, 401 ;
11 S. i. 282; ii. 42, 242, 381.)
I AGAIN desire to thank all correspondents,
anonymous and otherwise, who have supplied
information.
Having given a first instalment of Queen
Victoria Memorials at the last reference, I
devote the present contribution mainly to
Memorials of Prince Albert, after which I
must proceed to other subjects now demand-
ing attention.
ROYAL PEESONAGES (continued).
Hastings. — About the centre of the town,
on a site where seven roads converge, stands
the Albert Memorial. It is 65 feet high,
and was erected by public subscription at a
cost of 860Z., to the memory of Prince
Albert, consort of Queen Victoria. Above
the entrance door of the tower is inscribed :
" Erected to Albert the Good, in the year
of our Lord 1862." Higher up on the same
side is a statue of the Prince, represented
in the robes of a Knight of the Garter.
Above the statue is an illuminated clock.
A drinking fountain is incorporated in the
lower portion of the tower. The memorial
is from designs by Mr. E. A. Heffer of Liver-
pool.
Edinburgh. — A bronze equestrian statue
of Prince Albert stands in the centre of
Charlotte Square Gardens. The Prince is
represented in the uniform of a. field-marshal.
On the granite pedestal are bronze bas-reliefs
depicting events in his life : (E. ) his marriage,
(W.) opening of the Great Exhibition of 1851,
(N.) distributing Orders, (S.) the Queen and
Prince surrounded by their children. At the
angles between are groups representative of
(1) Art and Science, (2) Labour, (3) Nobility,
(4) Service. The statue is the work of the
late Sir John Steell, and the groups are by
other sculptors. The work cost nearly
16,000?., and was inaugurated by Queen
Victoria on 17 August, 1876. On the evening
of the ceremony the sculptor received the
honour of knighthood from his sovereign at
Holyrood Palace.
Ramsey, Isle of Man. — On 20 September,
1847, the Royal Yacht with the Queen and
Prince Albert on board anchored in Ramsey
Bay. The Queen remained on board, but
the Prince Consort landed and visited
several points of interest in the neighbour-
hood. The party had again embarked
before the inhabitants were aware of the
visit. A subscription was shortly after-
wards started to erect a suitable memorial
of the event. It consists of a tower 45 feet
high, built of granite and slate, and furnished
with a winding stairway in the interior. Over
the doorway is inscribed : —
" Erected on the spot where H.R.H. Prince-
Albert stood to view Ramsey and its neigh-
bourhood during the visit of her most gracious
Majesty Queen Victoria to Ramsey Bay, the 20th
of September, 1847."
Belfast. — At the bottom of High Street,
near the Quay, is the fine clock-tower
known as " The Albert Memorial." It was
erected by public subscription, was begun
in 1865, and completed in 1868. It rises to
a height of 138 feet, and was constructed
from the designs of Mr. W. J. Barre. On
the side facing High Street is a statue of the
Prince ; and the tower terminates with a
clock-chamber, open belfry, and spire.
Balmoral. — On Craig-lour-achin, one of the*
most beautiful hills near Balmoral, a statue
of Prince Albert stands on the apex of a
pyramid or cairn of rough granite blocks.
The Prince is represented clad in Highland
costume, and bare-headed. His right hand
rests upon the head of a large collie-dog
standing beside him. The inscription con-
tains the following quotation from the
Apocryphal Wisdom of Solomon (chap. iv.
verses 13 and 14) : —
" He, being made perfect in a short time,
fulfilled a long time. For his soul pleased the Lord,
therefore hasted He to take him away from among
the wicked."
Lochlee Forest, Braemar. — At a spot in
this forest known as Hall o' Craig o' Doon
is a well from which Queen Victoria and
Prince Albert once drank. The eleventh
Earl of Dalhousie, who owned the demesne,
placed over the well a memorial stone,,
bearing the lines : —
Rest, traveller, on this lonely green,
And drink and pray for Scotland's queen*
ii s. m. j.«. ii, j9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
Beneath this couplet is inscribed as follows :
" Her Majesty Queen Victoria and His Royal
Highness the Prince Consort visited this well and
drank of its refreshing waters, the 20th of Septem-
ber, 1860. The Year of Her Majesty's Great
Sorrow."
Balmoral Palace. — Over the entrance door
to the great tower is a richly carved panel.
The globose centre is thus inscribed : —
This
Castle of Balmoral
was erected by
R.R.H. Prince Albert
Consort of
H.M. Queen Victoria
Begun Sept. 28th 1853
Completed Sept. Istll856
Tenby. — On the Castle Hill stands the
Welsh Memorial of Prince Albert. It was
designed and executed by Mr. John Evan
Thomas at a cost of 2,2501. The Prince is
represented in the attire of a field-marshal,
and wearing the regalia of the Order of the
Garter. The statue was unveiled by Prince
Arthur (Duke of Connaught) in 1865. The
inscription is in Welsh.
Wolverhampton. — In the centre of Queen's
Square is a bronze equestrian statue of Prince
Albert. It was unveiled by Queen Victoria
on 30 November, 1866.
Liverpool. — A bronze equestrian statue of
Prince Albert is in St. George's Place.
On the front of the granite pedestal is in-
scribed : —
Albert, Prince Consort
Born 1819, Died 1861.
And on the back : —
" This statue of a wise and good Prince was
erected by the Corporation of Liverpool, October,
1800."
It was modelled by Thos. Thornycroft, and
cost 6,000?.
St. Peter Port, Guernsey. — A replica of the
statue of Prince Albert formerly in the
gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society,
and now placed near the entrance to the
Royal Albert Hall, London, commemorates
the visit of the Queen and Prince to the
island in August, 1846. It is erected near
the spot where they landed, and represents
the Prince in the robes of the Order of the
Garter. It was cast in copper at a cost of
1,200?.
St. Anne, Alderney. — A gateway leading
into the churchyard was " Erected by the
people of Alderney " to commemorate
the visit of the Queen and Prince Albert in
1846. It is inscribed : " Albert, 1846."
Aberdeen. — In Union Street, near Union
Bridge, is Marochetti's statue of Prince
Albert. It was unveiled by Queen Victoria
on 13 October, 1863.
The following relate to. other royal',
personages : —
Lichfield. — On 30 September, 1908, the
Earl of Dartmouth unveiled a statue of
King Edward VII. which had been presented
to the city by Mr. Robert Bridgman, the
sculptor, in commemoration of his year of
office as Sheriff.
Medallion portraits of King Edward and
Queen Alexandra, affixed to the front of
the Lichfield Guildhall, were unveiled on
17 September, 1910.
Hickleton, Yorkshire. — In the proximity
of Hickleton Hall, the seat of Viscount Hali-
fax, a King Edward memorial cross has
recently been erected. The cross, which
stands about 20 feet high, is constructed of
Portland stone, with local stone forming the
base. In the centre of the cross itself is
carved on the front a figure of the B. V.
Mary bearing our Lord in her arms, and at
the back are the three lions of England. The
following is inscribed at the base : —
" To Edward the Seventh, King of England.
This Cross is erected in memory of the past by
Charles Lindley, Viscount Halifax, his faithful
subject and servant, May 6th, 1910.
" Grant him, O Lord, eternal rest, and let
light perpetual shine upon him."
Alnwick, Northumberland. — In the neigh-
bourhood of Alnwick Castle is a pillar in-
scribed as follows : —
"William the Lion
King of Scotland
besieging
Alnwick Castle
was here
taken Prisoner
MCLXXIV.
Two or three hundred yards north of the
chapel dedicated to St. Leonard is a cross -
bearing the following inscriptions : —
Malcolm III.
King of Scotland
besieging
Alnwick Castle
was slain here,
Nov. 13, An. MXCIII.
K. Malcolm's Cross
decayed by time
was restored by
his descendant
Elizabeth
Duchess of Northumberland
TMDCCLXXIV.
Chislehurst. — On Chislehurst Common, .
hard by Camden Place, for some years the
residence of the family of the third Napoleon,
ex-Emperor of the French, is a granite
NOTES AND QUERIES. Cn s. m. JAN. u, mi.
cross erected to the memory of the ill-fated
Prince Imperial. On the pedestal are the
following inscriptions : —
[Front.]
Napoleon Eugene Louis Jean Joseph,
Prince Imperial,
Killed in Zululand,
1st June, 1879.
[JBflw*.]
" I shall die with a sentiment of profound
gratitude for Her Majesty the Queen of England
;and all the Royal Family, and for the country
where I have received for eight years such
•cordial hospitality."
In memory of the Prince Imperial and in
•sorrow at his death this cross is erected by the
residents of Chislehurst, 1880.
The first of the latter inscriptions is an
•extract from the young Prince's will.
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, \Yarwickshire.
Nicholas Howe's monument, for which
MB. PAGE inquired at 11 S. ii. 243, is situated
an the village of Little Barford, Beds, and
consists of a four-sided pillar about 3 feet
high. The inscription on the sides runs as
follows : —
(1) The Poet Rowe was born in this house
1673 (2) Author of Jane Shore sevral Tragedies
and Translator of Lucan (3 ) Master of Polite Learn-
ing and the Classical Authors (4) A secretary of
State To Queen Ann, and Poet Laureate to King
George.
The above information has been kindly
supplied me by Mr. J. H. Alington of Little
Barford, whose grandfather erected the
memorial. He adds : —
" The story is that the mother of the poet was
travelling, and that the house (which is now the
end one of a row of joined cottages in which
labourers live) was a wayside inn, where she
lodged at the time of his birth."
W. R. B. PBIDEAUX.
Reform Club.
THE EARLIEST TELEGRAPHY.
ACCORDING to an article by Mr. T. Sturdee
"in The Strand Magazine for October last,
" it was not until 1795, when Lord George
Murray introduced his semaphore system,
that anything like an efficient means of
telegraphic communication was established."
This implies the earlier existence of such
communication ; and that idea is borne out
in an article in the same magazine for
.September by Mr. Bernard Darwin on * Some
Curious Wagers.' That tells of a bet
by the Duke of Queensberry with a Mr.
Edgworth, which could have been won by the
latter if it had not been that, " having in his
mind a system of semaphores, he blurted out
that he didn't mean to rely upon horses."
There is a tantalizing absence of dates from
this anecdote, but conjecturally it is of about
1750 ; and I should be interested to know
whether there is a contemporary description
of any earlier system of telegraphic com-
munication than that which I give below.
In The London Chronicle for 3-6 January,
1767, appeared the following :^ —
CORSICAN GAZETTE.
Iftolarossa, August 28.
On the 17th of this month, arrived here from
Corte, two English Gentlemen, to embark on
their return to Tuscany. They had been in-
formed at Corte, of an invention by the Abbes
Giulani and Liccia of our province, of a new con-
trivance which they call, 11 Corri&re Volante, The
Flying Courier ; by means of which, notice may
be communicated in a few instants from one
place to another, at the distance of many miles.
The two young Abb6s were here at the arrival of
these Gentlemen, who being desirous to see an
experiment made of the new contrivance, it was
accordingly made on the terrace of this tower,
at the square of Saint Reperata, and the English
Gentlemen were highly satisfied and pleased
with it. Some months ago, when his Excellency
the General was here, a like experiment was made,
at the distance of ten miles, which succeeded
perfectly well. As these English Gentlemen
encouraged the two Abbes to inform the Publick
of their invention, the following account of it is
given, that the Publick may judge of the ad-
vantages to be derived from it.
The FLYING COURIER is a portable machine,
which serves for the purpose of communicating
at the distance of many miles a notice or advice,
as clearly and distinctly, as if a voice was heard,
or it was seen written on a leaf.
To perform this operation, three things are
necessary. 1. That the place from whence the
notice is to be sent, which we shall call A, com-
mand a view of the place to which the notice is
directed, which we shall call B. 2. That at the
place A, there be a machine with a person in-
formed of the notice intended to be communicated
to the place B. 3. That at the place B, there be
another person with a similar machine, in order
to return an answer to the place A, as shall be
necessary.
This operation is not restricted so as only
to communicate intelligence from A to B, but the
instant it is received at B, it may be conveyed to
C, and from C may be conveyed to D, and so on,
although C and D be not seen by A, provided that
at every one of the places there be these machines,
and the persons who perform, know at what
precise time the operation is to be, so that they
may stand in fixed attention. In this manner,
the same notice may fly in a few hours from the
one extremity to the other of a kingdom.
This operation may be performed just now at
the distance of 25 miles from one machine to
another ; and when the machine shall be furnished
with certain springs, Avhich are yet wanting, it
may be done at the distance of 50 miles. It may
n s. in. JAN. 14, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
be done by night, as well as by day, provided
that the air be not charged with a low cloudy
atmosphere, or any other dark vapour.
Although the operation is performed in public,
advice is communicated with the greatest secrecy,
as it can neither be heard nor understood but by
the persons who assist at the machines. Nay, if
he who sends or receives the advice is desirous
to conceal it, even from these persons, there is
a method of doing it freely.
In tine, this operation is performed with great
expedition ; for, in a quarter of an hour may be
communicated a period, containing about two
huadred letters. Add to this, that the machine
situated at the place A not only communicates
advice to the other at the place B, but does not
attempt it before being certain of being heard
at B.
Although so apparently precise, this
description sadly lacks detail concerning the
apparatus employed. Can that detail be
found elsewhere ? ALFRED F. BOBBINS.
SIR JOHN CHANDOS. — In ' The Life of the
Black Prince, by the Herald of Sir John
Chandos,' recently edited by Miss Mildred
K. Pope and Miss Eleanor C. Lodge of Oxford
University, and published at the Clarendon
Press (1910), it is stated in the 'Index of
Proper Names,' p. 242, that Sir John
Chandos was " son of Thomas Chandos,
Sheriff of Herefordshire." This is an error
the repetition of which in this important
edition of the Chandos Herald's poem in-
creases the need for its correction.
The great Sir John Chandos, a knight-
founder of the Order of the Garter, Viscount
of St. Sauveur in Normandy, Constable of
Aquitaine, and Seneschal of Poitou, was
son and heir of Sir Edward Chandos, a dis-
tinguished Derbyshire knight. Sir Edward,
who received rewards for his service in the
war with Scotland and for other services
in the early reign of Edward III., was a
constant friend and companion of that king.
Sir John's parentage is correctly stated
in his life in the ' Dictionary of National
Biography,' which expressly cautions the
reader against the above error, and that
authority is, moreover, referred to on p. 242
mentioned above. M. Fillon, who is also
there cited as an authority, and some other
writers had earlier made the mistake of
confusing this Sir John Chandos, the last of
the knightly house of Chandos of Derbyshire,
with another Sir John Chandos, son of the
above Sir Thomas Chandos, and last of
the male line of the baronial house of
Chandos of Herefordshire and Shropshire.
The latter Sir John died within the years
1428-30 (the ' D.N.B.' says 10 Dec., 1428)
without issue, some sixty years after the
death of his renowned kinsman, his sister's
descendants becoming, in the eighteenth
century, Dukes of Chandos.
The knightly family of Chandos of Derby-
shire, sprung from the baronial house, and
seated in the county of Derby for five
generations, is now represented by Chandos-
Pole of Radbourne, through the marriage
in the reign of Richard II. of Peter de la Pole
and Elizabeth, niece and eventual sole
heiress of Sir John Chandos of Radbourner
the famous warrior. The above Sir Thomas
Chandos was in the King's division at Crecy,
while his contemporary Sir John Chandos
of the Derbyshire branch of the family was
in attendance upon, and fighting beside,
the youthful Prince of Wales, then only
sixteen years old. R. E. E. CHAMBERS.
Pill House, Bishop's Tawton, Barnstaple.
JAMES FORSYTE. — The article in the
'D.N.B.' on this Indian traveller needs some
corrections.
Capt. Forsyth joined the Bengal Army
(not the Civil Service) in February, 1857,
after receiving a university education not in
England, but in Scotland. After some
years of military service he was appointed
Assistant Conservator, and acting Conser-
vator of Forests in the Saugor and Nerbudda
Territories. He was subsequently trans-
ferred to the Central Provinces Commission,
and after a time was nominated Settlement
Officer, and then Deputy Commissioner of
Nimar. He joined the Bengal Staff Corps
in 1861, and was promoted to the rank of
captain 20 February, 1869. His book ' The
Highlands of Central India ' contained
accounts of some, but by no means all, of his
travels and explorations in the Central
Provinces. R. E. B.
" ELZE "= ALREADY. — ' Glints o' Glen-
gonnar,' by Christina Fraser, recently pub-
lished, consists of a series of sketches illustrat-
ing the life of dwellers in a remote district
of Upper Clydesdale. The writer manifestly
knows her people well, and perhaps the
most fully presented character in her group is
" Easie," the local shopkeeper, an incomer
who has permanently retained certain impres-
sions received in her native parish. Among
these is the use of some words which are un-
familiar to her youthful auditors : —
" Easie had twae words she used often, ' elze *
and ' efterhin.' Jf a baker or cadger had come
suner than she expected, she wad say, ' Is that
you, elze ? I didna think it was that time o' day ' ;
or, if we had been sent an erran' an' cam' back
quick, she wad say, * Are ye back, elze ? Juist
rin like a whittret/ If it was something she wad
do later, she wad say'she wad do't efterhin."
26
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. n, 1911.
"Efterhin" or " efterhend," for after-
wards, and "whittret" for weasel, are still in
fairly general use throughout the Lowlands ;
but " elze " in the sense of already is less
commonly known. Indeed, it is questionable
if many who are familiar with the native
speech ever heard it, to say nothing of
including; it in their vocabulary. It is an
interesting survival of the form " ellis " or
*' els," which Jamieson in the ' Scottish
Dictionary ' illustrates by quotations from
Barbour, Gavin Douglas, * Sir Eg;eir,' and
Archbishop Hamiltoun's ' Catechisme ' of
1551. That it signifies " already," and is
distinct from the other " ellis " or " elles,"
which means else or otherwise, there seems to
be no doubt whatever. All Jamieson' s
•examples support the distinction. Mr.
Small in his edition of Gavin Douglas either
ignored or discredited this specific meaning,
for he gives it no place in his glossary.
Douglas uses the word in his version of
* ^Eneid ' iv. 135, where the poet describes
Dido's waiting hunter : —
Hir fers steid stude stamping, reddy ellis,
Rungeand the fomy goldin bitt jingling.
It might, of course, be suggested that the
word in this instance means " otherwise,"
or " apart from his rider " ; but it seems
better to take it in the sense of the Latin
jam, conveniently rendered in English as
" already."
Mr. Small glosses an example of " ellis "
which occurs in Douglas's * Proloug of the
First Buik of Eneados.' In this curiously
critical and apologetic deliverance the
translator makes it clear that he thinks
liimself unworthy to stand English sponsor
for Virgil, but he reflects that at least one
predecessor has made a disgraceful show,
and he concludes that he is warranted in
offering his experiment. Then he brings the
matter to an issue in this wise : —
Thocht sum wald sweir that I the text haue vareit,
•Or that I haue this volume quyte myscareit,
Or threip planlie that I <?om neuer neir hand it,
Or that the werk is wers than evir I fand it,
•Or 3 it argew Virgile stuide wele befoir,
As now war tyme to schift the wers ouer scoir ;
Ellis haue I said, thair ma be na compair
JBetwixt his versis and my style wlgair.
In his glossary Mr. Small says that
" ellis " in this passage is the A.-S. elles,
and means " else." In view of what pre-
cedes, the interpretation " already " seems
preferable. The translator introduces him-
self by saying that instead of attempting to
counterfeit the precious words of " mast
reuerend Virgill," he is disposed to kneel
when he hears them, and then he strenu-
ously proceeds as follows : —
For quhat compair betuix midday and nycht^
Or quhat compare betuix myrknes and lycht,
Or quhat compare is betuix blak and quhyte,
Far gretar diference betuix my blunt endyte
And thi scharp sugurat sang Virgiliane,
Sa wyslie wrocht with neuir ane word in vane,
My waverand wit, my cunnyng feble at all,
My mynd mysty, thir ma nocht myss ane fall.
All this and more shows the exponent's
ostensible attitude, and gives warrant for
his later statement, " Ellis [i.e. already]
haue I said."
Jamieson's commentary on " Ellis, al-
ready," runs thus : —
" There is no evidence that A.-S. ealles was ever
used in this sense. Nor have I observed any
cognate term ; unless we view this as originally
Moes.-G. allis, A.-S. eallis, omnino (plenarie,
Benson), used obliquely. The phrase in Virg.
reddy ellis, if thus resolved, would signify ' coin-
pleatly ready.' It merits consideration, that this
is evidently analogous to the formation of the
E. synom. already, q. omnino paratum."
THOMAS BAYNE.
LONGFELLOW ON DTJFRESNY. — In Long-
fellow's ' Hyperion ' occurs the following : —
" ' After all,' said Flemming, with a sigh,
' poverty is not a crime.' ' But something
worse,' interrupted the Baron ; ' as Dufresny
said when he married his laundress, because he
could not pay her bill. He was the author, as
you know, of the opera ' Lot,' at whose representa-
tion the great pun was made. I say the great
pun, as we say the great Tun of Heidelberg. As
one of the performers was singing the line,
' V amour a vaincu Loth* (vingt culottes), a voice
from the pit cried out ' Qu'il en donne une li
fauteur / ' "
A few days after the publication in The
Gentleman's Magazine (March, 1895) of my
article ' Moliere on the Stage,' describing the
numerous plays founded on incidents of the
great French dramatist's life, I received a
letter from a former contributor to ' N. & Q.,'
the late Dr. Paul Q. Karkeek of Torquay,
asking me for information about Dufresny 's
opera. He said he had been trying for years
to obtain a copy of the work mentioned by
Longfellow, but had not been successful. I
had never heard of such a work, and it is
certainly not in any of the editions of
Dufresny's collected plays. The only play
of Dufresny's bearing some resemblance to
the title of ' Lot,' I could suggest, was * Le
Lot suppos6 ; ou, La Coquette de Village ' ;
but it is a comedy, and there are no songs of
any kind in it. There is no mention of a
play or opera called ' Lot ' in the 'Anecdotes
dramatiques (contenant le Titre de toutes
nos Pieces de Theatre, depuis 1'origine des
us. m. JAN. u, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
27
Spectacles en France),' the best compilation
of the kind published in the eighteenth
century ; and it has no place among the
operas in F£lix Clement's * Dictionnaire des
Operas,' issued near the end of the nine-
teenth century.
In October of the same year I went over to
Paris for a few days, and met the late M.
Victorien Sardou at the Cafe" Tortoni, on the
Boulevard des Italiens, after he had been
attending a rehearsal of a new play at one
of the theatres close by. In the course of
our conversation I mentioned to him the
passage in Longfellow's ' Hyperion.' M.
Sardou smiled, and said he had been asked
the same question by many American
visitors who had been introduced to him,
and he had received several letters on the
subject from unknown admirers in the
United States. He had come to the con-
clusion that it was one of the few literary sins
the charming American poet would have
to answer for at the Day of Judgment.
Perhaps some reader of ' N. & Q.' can give
information about a work of Dufresny
which has eluded the search of Dr. Karkeek,
M. Sardou, and myself. It is true that
Dufresny married as his second wife a
laundress, and Le Sage has made this one
of the incidents of his novel * Le Diable
Boiteux.' Dufresny, however, was by no
means the literary martyr one would suppose
on reading Longfellow's ' Hyperion.' As
the Abb6 de Castres said : "II avoit deux
passions qui devoroinent tout, 1' amour de la
table et celui des femmes."
ANDBEW DE TEBNANT.
25, Speenham Road, Brixton, S.W.
WE must request corresp9ndents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
SOPHIE DAWES, BABONNE DE FEUCHEBES
— Will some correspondent refer me to the
fullest account of the life of this notorious
person before she met the Due de Bourbon,
and after his death when she returned to
England ? I already have a full account
of her extraordinary life in France, and I am
most anxious to get more particulars of her
English career, parentage, childhood, and
her life in Hants and in London on her
return to England. The ' D.N.B.' states
that she died in Hyde Park Square, 2 Janu-
ary, 1841, and that she had also a house in
Hampshire. I should like to know where
she lived in that county. From documents
in Somerset House I find that she died at
Great Cumberland Street on 15 December,
1840. It is known that Baron Gerard
painted two portraits of her in 1829 and
1830. I much wish to trace these portraits,
and any other portrait of her, if such exists.
She was born in St. Helens, Isle of Wight,
the year being variously stated as 1785,
1790, and 1792. Letters of administration
were granted in February, 1843, to James
Daw or Dawes of St. Helen's, Isle of Wight,
Mary Ann Clark of 5, Hyde Park Square,
and Charlotte Thanaron, resident in
France, her brother and sisters, who in-
herited most of her great wealth. Is any-
thing known of them or their descendants ?
JOHN LANE.
Miss WYKEHAM, BABONESS WENMAN. —
Can any reader direct my attention to the
best account of Miss Wykeham, to whom the
Duke of Clarence is said to have proposed so
many times ?
Sophia Elizabeth was the only child of
William Richard Wykeham of Swalcliffe.
She inherited from her grandmother (Hon.
Sophia Wenman) all Lord Wenman's
estates in Oxfordshire, including Thame
Park. The Duke of Clarence — afterwards
William IV. — was reported to have proposed
to her in 1818. He subsequently created
her Baroness Wenman, 3 June, 1834. She
died unmarried 9 August, 1870.
I should also like to know who her repre-
sentatives are, and if there is any portrait
of her in existence ; one would like to see
the portrait of the lady who so persistently
refused to be Queen of England.
JOHN LANE.
Vigo Street, W.
ALDEBMAN WILCOX. — Who was this ?
Mr. Seccombe in his article on Titus Oates
in ' Diet. Nat. Biog.' (xli. 300) writes of
" a dinner given by Alderman Wilcox in
the city in the summer of 1680," at which
Oates and Tonge " disputed their respective
claims to the proprietorship of the plot."
It is certain that no person named Wilcox
has ever been elected an Alderman of Lon-
don, at any rate since the end of the thir-
teenth century, nor is such a name preserved
amongst those returned to the Court of
Aldermen by the wards for the Court's
final choice. I imagine the person referred
to must have been the " John Wilcox,
brewer," elected Sheiiff of London on
28 July, 1673, who " fined off " immediately,
NOTES AND QUERIES. ,[u s. in. JAN. u, mi.
a successor being chosen on 1 August (City
Records, Journal 47, fo. 284). Can any
reader of ' N. & Q.' tell me anything more
about him ? ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
Greyfriars, Leamington.
BENJAMIN D' ISRAELI OF DUBLIN. — What
relation was Benjamin D' Israeli of the city
of Dublin, notary public about the end of
the eighteenth century, to Lord Beacons -
field, and what is known of his career ? I
believe he left money to some Irish charities.
J. T.
Dublin.
TEESDALE LEGION. — Can any of your
readers assist me to find particulars about
a volunteer corps called the Teesdale Legion ?
It existed in the south of co. Durham
some time during the latter part of the
eighteenth century or the first few years of
the nineteenth. W. L. VANE.
Thornfield, Darlington.
CAPT. WITH AM AND THE SIEGE OF GIBRAL-
TAR.— In 'England's Artillerymen,' by
J. A. Browne, published in 1865, the follow-
ing passage occurs in reference to the sortie
of the garrison in November, 1781, during the
great siege of Gibraltar : —
" Two Spanish Officers were taken prisoners.
One, a Lieutenant, was taken in the middle of the
battery by Capt. Witham, of the Royal Artillery,
who commanded the detachment of the Corps
out upon this service. The Spanish Officer was
armed with a drawn sword, when Capt. Witham,
with a fire-brand only in his hand, -seized him
by the sword arm, and in Spanish demanded the
key of the magazine of that battery. The Lieu-
tenant, Don Vincente Friza, replied, ' Todo es
Bombas ' (the whole is a magazine), and gave
up his sword."
Can any one give the authority for this
story ? The author of the book does not
remember from what source he obtained it.
The present representatives of the Witham
family possess a seal with the motto " Todo
es Bombas " upon it, which confirms the
existence of the story.
Ancell and Spilsbury refer to the incident,
but no one else, as far as I know, mentions
the " Todo es bombas " part of the story.
Bomba means a " shell." J. H. LESLIE.
Dykes Hall, Sheffield.
GRANGE COURT, ST. CLEMENT DANES. —
Can any one tell me if there is a record or
list of the solicitors who lived in the above
court between 1730 and 1750 ? Information
is wanted about Edmund Combe, de-
scribed as of Grange Court, and Hartley
- Wintney, Hants. T. R. M.
THACKERAY AND PUGILISM. — The article
on * Pugilism ' in ' Chambers' s Encyclo-
paedia,' 1901, vol. viii. p. 486, says*.
' Thackeray .... devoted one of his ' Round-
about Papers ' to the fight between Sayers
and Heenan." Where did this originally
appear ? Has it been reprinted ?
Also, in Temple Bar for January, 1864,
under the heading of ' The Millers and their
Men ' appeared a most racily - written
account of the fight between Heenan and
Tom King, signed "P." I should be glad
to know the author's name, and if he wrote
any more * Idylls of the Ring.' H. P.
[See Mr. Lewis Melville's useful ' Bibliography '
in his ' Thackeray : a Biography ' (Lane, 1909).
The account desired is No. 1062 in the list:
" Roundabout Papers. V. On Some Late Great
Victories. With an Illustration. Cornhill Maga-
zine, June, 1860 ; vol. i. pp. 755-60."]
THACKERAY AND THE STAGE. — About
twenty years ago Mr. Chas. P. Johnson said
in The Athenaeum that he had acquired a
playbill of a piece called ' Jeames, the Rail-
road Footman of Berkeley Square,' which
was produced at the Theatre Royal, Liver,
Church Street (Liverpool), 13 July, 1846.
I shall be glad if any one will put me in
communication with Mr. Johnson if he is
still alive. S. J. ADAIR FITZ-GERALD.
8, Lancaster Road, Bowes Park, N.
THOMAS JAMES THACKERAY. — This rather
versatile writer and adapter of plays seems
to have " flourished " between 1826 and
1854. Two of his plays are ' The Barber
Baron,' from the French (through the Ger-
man), Theatre Royal, Haymarket, 8 Sep-
tember, 1828, and ' The Force of Nature/
same theatre, 4 August, 1830. He also
wrote and lectured about rifle shooting.
The ' D.N.B.' is silent as to his career.
Was he in any way related to W. M. Thacke-
ray ? S. J. A. F.
"OR. GOLDSMITH, B.A." — I have before
me a copy of ' The Canterbury Tales of
Chaucer, to which are added an Essay upon
his Language,' &c. (by T. Tyrwhitt), pub-
lished in 4 vols., small 8vo, by T. Payne,
London, 1775. The title-pages of yols. i.
and ii. respectively bear the following inscrip-
tions in a contemporary clerkly hand (cer-
tainly not that of the author of ' The
Vicar of Wakefield'): vol. i., "the Gift
of Or Goldsmith to Edwd. Bratt"; vol. ii.,
"The Gift of O. Goldsmith, B.A., to Mr
Edward Bratt." As Dr. Oliver Goldsmith
died in April, 1774, it seems difficult to
identify him with " O. Goldsmith, B.A." ;
us. in. JAN. M, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
29
but if not, who was the donor, and who
was his friend Edward Bratt ? It has
occurred to me that the first two volumes
may have been published before the other
two, early in 1774, but, it being foreseen that
the work could not be completed until 1775,
they were postdated. As the two inscrip-
tions do not exactly correspond, the two
volumes were not probably issued together.
If this hypothesis be correct, the books may
have been sent, and inscribed by the
publisher, at the donor's request.
Unfortunately, no entry of this edition
of Chaucer is to be found in the Register of
the Stationers' Company, so the actual date
of publication cannot be ascertained ; but
the work was noticed in Gent. Mag. for
March, 1775. Can any of your readers help
me to clear up these points ?
J. S. ATTWOOD.
Reading.
MONTAGU GERHARD DRAKE was admitted
on the foundation at Westminster School in
1725, and died young. He is described in
the parentelce of that year as the son of
William Drake, " Abberburiae," co. Oxford.
I should be glad to obtain further particulars
of his parentage, and the date of his death.
G. F. R. B.
RICHARD HEYLIN was elected from West-
minster School to Christ Church, Oxford,
in 1644. I should be glad to ascertain
anything about him. In the last edition
of Welch's ' Alumni Westmonasterienses ' he
is erroneously identified with Richard Heylin,
Canon of Christ Church, who died 26 April,
1669, aged 72. G. F. R. B.
WILLIAM JOSEPH LOCKWOOD is stated in
' Burke' s Landed Gentry ' to have been
" shot blind by the mob at Westminster
School," where he was admitted 1 Feb.,
1773. Where can any account of this
occurrence be found ? I should be glad also
to obtain the respective dates of his birth
and death. G. F. R. B.
THOMAS CORYAT AND WESTMINSTER
SCHOOL. — What ground has Mr. John W.
Cousin for saying in * A Short Biographical
Dictionary of English Literature ' (" Every-
man's Library," 1910) that Coryat (1577-
1617) was educated at Westminster and
Oxford ? The ' D.N.B.' and the * Pub-
lishers' Note ' to ' Coryat's Crudities '
(MacLehose & Son, 1905) both state that
he entered Gloucester Hall, Oxford, in 1596,
but are silent as to his earlier education.
URLLAD.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Captives of his (or my) bow and spear.
(Rev.) S. SLADEN.
63, Ridgmount Gardens, W.C.
" The penalty of not taking an interest in
the Government you are under is to live under the
government of bad men."
Quoted in 'The Citizen's Handbook,'
prepared by a Committee of the Enfield
Public Welfare Association.
T. F. HUSBAND.
" TEETOTAL " : EARLY USE. (See 8 S.
xi. 384; xii. 74, 154.)— Mr. F. W. Cornish
writes in his * English Church in the Nine-
teenth Century' (1910: at II. v. 97): —
" In February, 1830, the ' Bradford Society for
Promoting Temperance,' the first society to which
the name ' Teetotal ' (i.e. ' total ') was given, was
founded by Henry Forbes."
Can information be given as to when Dicky
Turner's word migrated to Yorkshire in this
way ? Q. V.
HACKNEY AND TOM HOOD. — In a very
amusing letter of Tom Hood's (quoted in
Walter Jerrold's biography), the poet
describes his adventures in Hackney. He
had been invited to a ball, and just when
(as he humorously parodies Sir Walter, I
think)
Hackney had gathered then
Her beauty and her chivalry all bright,
And there were well-dressed women and brave men,
a chimneystack was blown down and hurled
through the house, which stood close to a
private asylum. Can any one identify the
persons and the locality for us ? Who was
proprietor of the madhouse ?
M. L. R. BRESLAR.
Percy House, South Hackney.
Miss PASTRANA. — In a foreign dealer's
recent catalogue I find this once famous
lady described as " Miss Julia Pastrana, the
well-known bearded Mexican danseuse.
Middle of last century." Were there two
ladies of that name and fame ? I dis-
tinctly remember having seen as a small boy
an exceedingly ugly, monkey-like creature,
but she performed in a circus on a regula-
tion " paste-board " strapped on the back
of the usual plump grey cob, and jumped
through hoops, over ribbons, &c.
L. L. K.
LADY ELIZABETH PRESTON, FIRST
DUCHESS OF ORMONDE. — I should be grateful
for information of any existing portrait
of this lady, who is frequently mentioned by
30
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. u, 1911.
Lady Fanshawe in her memoirs. Lord
Ormonde has informed me that there is no
picture of her in his possession, and I have
been unable to trace one anywhere else.
H. C. FANSHAWE.
72, Philbeach Gardens, S.W.
COUNTY COATS OF ARMS : ARMS OF Co.
SOMERSET. — Would any reader who is
interested in heraldry inform me whether
each county in England possesses a coat of
arms, and what the arms of the county of
Somerset are ? BLADUD.
[County badges were discussed at length at
7 S. i., ii., iii., and viii.]
CORONER OF THE VERGE. — When was this
royal office abolished, and what were the
duties attached to it ? I do not find it
mentioned in John Chamberlayne's * Present
State of Britain,' 1723 ; but in Cowel's
* Interpreter ' it is thus noticed, s.v.
* Coroner ' : —
" Note, there be certain special Coroners within
divers Liberties, as well as those ordinary Officers
in every County, as the Coroner of the Verge, which
is a certain compass about the King's Court, whom
Cromp, in his * Jurisd.,' fol. 102, calleth the Coroner
of the King's House, of whose Authority, see Co.
Rep. fol. 4, lib, 46."
I believe that a verge, as used in the royal
household, was a stick or rod whereby a
person was admitted tenant to a lord of the
manor. In The Weekly Journal of 5 October,
1723, is the following paragraph, illustrating
perhaps a late usage of the office : —
" Mr. White, the present Coroner of the Verge of
his Majesty's Houshold, is appointed, by the Dean
and Chapter of Westminster, to be Coroner for that
City and^ Liberty, in the Room of Mr. Turton,
J. HOLD EN MACMICHAEL.
CROWE FAMILIES OF NORFOLK AND SUF-
FOLK.— Carthew's ' Hundred of Launditch '
contains a pedigree of Crowes from the
fifteenth century to the eighteenth. Arms :
a gyronny of eight sable and or ; on a chief
of the first, two leopards' faces of the second
(granted 1614). There was also a Suffolk
family of the name who bore Gules, a
chevron between three cocks arg. (granted
1584). Information is desired in continua-
tion of Carthew's pedigree, also generally
about the Suffolk family. Are there any
representatives of either now living ?
There were two mayors of Norwich at the
end of the eighteenth century, James and
William Crowe of Lakenham, who bore the
former arms. Can any reader tell me
who they were ? W. ROBERTS CROW.
POOR SOULS' LIGHT :
" TOTENLATERNE."
(US. ii. 448.)
THE query by J. D. refers to a very interest-
ing subject, on which there is plenty of litera-
ture, with about fifteen theories of explana-
tion, but no single one is satisfactory in every
case. I have a large quantity of material,
but I want what is often difficult, and in
many cases impossible, to get — evidence
on certain points to elucidate a certain
theory. In this respect J. D., while giving—
to me at all events — something new, omits
what is important evidence, probably from
want of knowledge of the literature on the
subject, which has engaged my attention
for some years.
Let me state my position as clearly as I
can, not only as a help to J. D., but also to
obtain evidence one way or the other as to
my theory. .
There are several peculiarities in ch urches,
not only in Great Britain, but also on the
Continent, and not confined to Protestant or
Roman Catholic edifices, which I have
treated as local manifestations of a general
controlling principle.
1. The axial line of the nave does not
always coincide with that of the chancel,
there being a greater or less deflection of the
latter to north or south. There are four
theories to account for this.
2. There are certain perforations in the
walls of churches, outer or inner, or both,
which have been called Low Side Windows,
though a few are High ; Leper Windows,
Lychnoscopes, Hagioscopes, and the old
English word Squint, which is more descrip-
tive than any other, and commits us to no
theory. They are mostly rectangular and
narrow, but some are oval or round. Some
are square with the wall, but generally they
are aslant and splayed. They all have a
common characteristic, whatever their shape
or size or position — their axial line points to
the high altar. There are, as I have said,
fifteen explanations of these openings, not
one of which is satisfactory in every case.
To these I have ventured to add another,
and for it I am collecting evidence. My
theory is that these openings are connected
with orientation. To give full references
would take half a number of * N. & Q.,'
and to many readers they would be un-
n s. in. JAN. 14, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
31
necessary, the subject having been discussed
in previous volumes.
As a guide to J. D. and others, it may be
permissible to say that for deflection of
chancels, see 2 S. xi. 55 ; 10 S. viii. 392 ;
Seroux d'Agincouit, ' History of Art by
its Monuments,' vol. ii., pi. xiv., xvii. ;
vol. iii. pi. xxvii., xcviii., cxxxiv., cliv. ;
Lasham, * Three Surrey Churches,' pp. 88-
109 ; Planche, * A Corner of Kent,'
pp. 410-12 ; Atkinson, ' Memorials of Old
Whitby,' pp. 104, 110, 124, 126, 129, 147-8,
149-51.
For the other points see 2 S. x. 68, 118,
253, 312, 357, 393 ; xi. 34, 55, 412 ; 7 S. i.
387, 435 ; vii. 251, 470 ; Arch. Journal,
iii. 299, 308 ; iv. 314-26 ; The Reliquary,
ix. 9-16 ; The Ecclesiologist, New Series,
vii. 65-75, 101-2, 141-2; viii. 166-71,
288-90, 374-5; ix. 113-17, 187-9, 252-3,
348-52.
It would assist materially if J. D. could
supply a fuller description of the two
churches he mentions, or give references to
where descriptions can be obtained. For
instance, according to a gazetteer I con-
sulted, there are about a dozen Rothenburgs
in Germany and Switzerland.
A. RHODES.
[We cannot afford space for the further dis-
cussion of such a wide subject, but will forward
any letters to MR. RHODES.]
When I was visiting Garway Church in
Herefordshire several years ago, an opening
high up in the wall of the part connecting the
church with the tower was pointed out to
me as an example of a "poor souls' light."
R. B— R.
South Shields.
Father Thurston, S. J., in ' The Catholic
Encyclopaedia,' iii. 507, writes : —
" A curious feature found in many churchyards
from the twelfth to the fourteenth century,
especially in France, is the so-called lanterne (fes
worts, a stone erection sometimes 20 or 30 feet
high, surmounted by a lantern, and presenting a
general resemblance to a small lighthouse. The
lantern seems to have been lighted only on certain
feasts or vigils, and in particular on All Souls'
Day. An altar is commonly found at the foot
of the column. Various theories have been
suggested to explain these remarkable objects,
but no one of them can be considered satisfactory."
One may compare the French and Italian
custom of putting lighted candles on graves
on All Souls' Eve.
Mr. Leopold Wagner, in his ' Manners,
Customs, and Observances,' p. 270, states
that in the time of the Druids the ancient
Irish prayed to Saman, the Lord of Death, in
front of their lighted candles, for the souls
of their departed relatives. Father Thurston
in ' The Catholic Encyclopaedia,' iii. 247,
says : "St. Cyprian in 258 was buried
proelucentibus ceris"
At the present day, at all solemn Requiem
Masses, lighted tapers are held in the hands
of some or all of those who assist, both among
those who follow the Byzantine Rite and
among those who follow the Latin.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
Mueller and Mothes in their (German)
* Archaeological Dictionary,' s.v. ' Todten-
leuchte,' quote the following passage from
Petrus Venerabilis (died 1156) to explain the
use of these lights : —
" Obtinet medium cimeterii locum structura
qusedam lapidea, habens in summitate sua quanti-
tatem unius lampadis coparum quse ob reverentiam
fidelium ibi quiescentium totis noctibus fulgore
suo locum ilium sacratum illustrat."
According to the same authors, such
lights were either burnt on isolated columns
or in stone lamps attached to church walls.
Examples of the former kind are still extant
in France (12th century) and Germany (13th
to 16th centuries). In Germany their use
was abandoned about the latter date.
Illustrations are given in the book of an
isolated light in Freistadt (Upper Austria)
dating from about A.D. 1488, and of an
attached lantern against the wall of St.
Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna (A.D. 1502).
Other examples mentioned are those at
Schulpforta (13th century), Regensburg
(Cathedral, 14th century), and Klosterneu-
burg (A.D. 1381), the last being about 30 feet
high. Others are to be found in Austria
and Westphalia, but the localities are not
given.
Tapers and lamps are nowadays stUl burnt
on graves in Roman Catholic cemeteries on
the Continent, but only on one evening in
the year, viz., on All Souls' Eve. L. L. K.
In a very few remote Roman Catholic
villages in Germany, e.g., in Westphalia, a
" Totenlaterne " is lighted when a child
dies. At the funeral the " Totenlaterne" is
carried before the coffin to the graveside.
When the burial service is over, the " Toten-
laterne " is brought back to its place in the
church and then extinguished. The Roman
Catholic priest to whom I owe this informa-
tion thought that nothing definite was
known of the origin of this rare and almost
forgotten rural usage.
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. HI. JAN. u, 1911.
A " Totenlaterne " is to be distinguished
from an " Ewige Lampe." An " Ewige
Lampe " is lighted and placed before the
picture of a deceased near relation. The
praying before the " Eternal Lamp " has
the same object as the reading of masses for
the souls of the departed, i.e., the hope of
shortening the time the departed has to
spend in Purgatory. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
In June last, when looking at some of the
old tombstones in the cemetery of Linz,
a picturesque little town on the Rhine near
the Drachenfels, I noticed small lamps
burning before some of the graves.
J. R. THORNE.
EARLY GRADUATION : GILBERT BTJRNET,
JOHN BALFOUR (11 S. ii. 427).— MR. P. J.
ANDERSON, after instancing the case of a
student who graduated at Aberdeen when
just under thirteen years and six months
old, asks whether that record can be broken.
It can. A southern university has seen an
example of still greater precocity.
William Wotton of St. Catharine's College,
Cambridge, afterwards Fellow of St. John's,
who was born on 13 August, 1666, was
" only twelve years and five months old
when he commenced Bachelor in January "
[1679] (' Hist, of St. Cath. College,' by Dr.
G. Forrest Browne, Bishop of Bristol).
Although at this early age a year one way or
the other makes a real difference, there is
some discrepancy among writers who have
referred to Wotton' s juvenile success. J. H.
Monk in his ' Life of Richard Bentley,'
vol. i. p. 10, 2nd ed., speaks of Wotton at the
time of his degree as " a boy of thirteen."
The ' D.N.B.' life of Bentley, by Sir Richard
Jebb, says that Wotton " became a bachelor
of arts at the age of fourteen." The pub-
lished lists of ' Graduati Cantabrigienses '
from 1659 to 1787 and from 1659 to 1823 give
1679 as the year in which Bentley as well as
Wotton graduated. Now Bentley, who as
an undergraduate was Wotton's contem-
porary, appears to have taken his degree
on 23 January, 1680. Can January, 1679,
when Wotton became a B. A., be the historical
year 1680 ? In either case, it may be
observed, Wotton was younger than John
Balfour when he proceeded to his first
degree. Nor was Wotton without distinction
in later life. Sir H. Craik treats him with
singular harshness in his ' Life of Jonathan
.Swift,' 1882, p. 66: "He faded into a
maturity of eccentric and licentious nonen-
ity." Dr. Norman Moore in ' D.N.B.'
^ives a far juster estimate. One piece of
eccentricity at least should be remembered
to his credit. An Englishman holding
a benefice in Wales, Wotton learnt the
anguage of ^ the country and published a
Welsh sermon. EDWARD BENSLY.
COLANI AND THE REFORMATION (US. ii.
488). — Though born in France, Timothee
Colani (1824-88) received his" religious
education in Germany, and subsequently
settled at Geneva, where he assisted in the
publication of a paper called La Reformation
au dix-neuvieme Siecle. As a college thesis
he had already written a vindication of
Christianity against the views contained in
Strauss's * Life of Jesus.' In 1850 he
adopted the German critical method of
inquiry, and with Scherer and other theo-
logians founded the Revue de Theologie,
which at once created a stir among French
Protestants, and led to the formation of the
Nouvelle Ecole, or liberal party in that
Church, of which party Colani became the
acknowledged leader. He undertook a
vigorous campaign against religious despot-
ism, publishing at different times several
important tracts, besides writing critical
articles on eclecticism and the philosophy of
Leibnitz, Kant, and Hegel.
As a preacher he suffered much from the
attacks of the orthodox French Protestants.
In 1864 he was appointed to the Chair of
Theology at Strassburg ; but after the war of
1870 he removed to Paris and devoted
himself to literary pursuits, becoming
Librarian of the Sorbonne. His other works
include some volumes of sermons, a review
of Renan's ' Vie de Jesus,' and in particular
his own ' Jesus Christ et les croyances
messianiques de son temps.' His religious
opinions underwent material change at
different stages of his career. For details
see the articles in Brockhaus and Larousse.
N. W. HILL.
Timothee Colani' s ' Exposition critique
sur la philosophie de la religion de Kant '
was printed as his thesis in 1846. His first
two sermons, which appeared in 1856, were
" L' Individualism^ Chretien ' and ' Le Sacer-
doce Universel.' The ' Premier et Deuxieme
Recueil ' of sermons in French, mostly
delivered at Strasburg (but some of them
at Nimes), were printed in 1860 in 2 vols.,
a copy of which I have before me. They
were translated, with the author's sanction,
by A. V. Richard into German, and printed
at Dresden, under the title ' Predigten in
n s. in. JAN. 14, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
Strassburg gehalten,' as well as his " Zwei
Vortrage iiber das allgemeine Priestertum
und die Protestantische Erziehung, aus dem
Franzosischen nach der 2 Aufl. iibersetzt
von Aug. Vicfc. Richard," Dresden, 1858.
H. KREBS.
See L. B. Phillips's 'Dictionary of Bio-
graphical Reference.' EDWARD BENSLY.
HENRY OF NAVARRE AND THE THREE-
HANDLED CUP (US. ii. 408, 457).— In the
Suermondt Museum in Aachen are two
specimens of Raeren pottery made before
the birth of the Emperor Charles V. in 1500,
or at any rate during his childhood. As
both of these are three-handled, and as the
Raeren usage of making cups, or rather jugs
(Kriige), with three handles, is certainly
older than the existing specimens of
Steinzeug, it would seem that the story
about Charles V. and the three-handled
cup quoted by MR. HOWARD PEARSON from
Mr. Solon's ' Art Stoneware ' is a popular
attempt at explaining the origin of this
peculiarity of the " Raerener Steinzeug."
Steinzeug, for which there is no English word,
is a kind of stoneware, but made of a much
harder clay which cannot be melted. The
two objects made of Steinzeug older than
Charles V. are : —
1. A three-handled jug with bearded faces
between each of the three handles. This
Raeren jug is certainly not later than 1500.
Its great age may be seen by its rough make
and its awkward form. Besides the speci-
men in the Aachen Museum, there is one
exactly like it in the Cologne Museum, which
may be seen in Otto von Falke's excellent
book on * Das rheinische Steinzeug,' vol. ii.
p. 4.
2. A funnel-shaped brown cup with three
small handles. There is another specimen
of the same pattern in the Hetjens Collec-
tion described in Falke's work, vol. ii. p. 5.
In the Suermondt Museum are three other
three-handled jugs, good specimens of Raeren
pottery, but of later date than the two
mentioned above. These jugs made of
Steinzeug are : 1. Three-handled jug of the
first half of the sixteenth century. 2. Three -
handled jug of the second half of the six-
teenth century. 3. Three-handled jug dated
1596, with grey glazing. On it are the arms
of Wilhelm von Nesselrode and of his wife
Wilhelmine von Stadthagen. The family
of Nesselrode is one of the oldest Rhenish
families, and still exists. From the middle
of the seventeenth century till the eighties
of the nineteenth the Raeren potters pro-
duced nothing of any value.
Raeren (pronounced Raren, older form
Roren) Was formerly in the Duchy of Lim-
burg, and is now a village with about 4,000
inhabitants in Rhenish Prussia. It consists
of a lower and upper village, and lies between
Aachen and Eupen, with both of which towns
it is connected by an electric tramway. Here
a peculiar kind of Low German is spoken,
called " Raerener Platt," which is quite
different from " Aachener Platt " or from
" Eupener Platt." Although Raeren was
formerly in the Duchy of Limburg, the
" Raerener " have, partly for linguistic
reasons, always looked upon themselves as
Germans. The Raeren potters in order
to make their wares more acceptable in the
Low Countries, their chief customers, some-
times used to put on their jugs Flemish in-
scriptions, with which language they were
not unacquainted. This fact led some
writers to assume without warrant that
the remaining inscriptions, which were in
" Raerener Platt," were also Flemish. For
this reason, and also because the first speci-
mens of " Raerener Steinzeug " were sold in.
the Low Countries, some writers have
exaggerated the certainly very small Flemish
influence in Raeren pottery and in Rhenish
pottery as a whole, which also includes
that of Cologne-Frechen, Siegburg, and
Westerwald. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
GORDONS AT WESTMINSTER SCHOOL (US.
ii. 389, 437). — ' The Clerical Guide ' for
1829, printed for C. J. G. and F. Rivington,
mentions four William Gordons, one of whom
is in all probability the person G. F. R. B. is
inquiring about.
William Gordon, M.A. (No. 1), was the
Prebendary of Offley's vicar in Lichfield
Cathedral.
No. 2 was appointed Rector of Spaxton,
Somerset, in 1820, the patron of the living
at that time being the Rev. Wm. Gordon.
No. 3 was in 1789 appointed perpetual
curate of Darlington by the Marquis of
Cleveland.
No. 4 became Rector of Speldhurst, Kent,,
in 1816, the patron of the living being
Robert Burgess, Esq.
John Gordon was in 1825, according to
The Clerical Guide ' for 1829, appointed
to the Vicarage of Bierton, with Buckland
Curacy and Stoke Mandeville Curacy, Bucks,
by the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln ; and
in 1827 to the Rectory of St. Antholin and
34
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. JAN. u, ML
St. John Baptist, Watling Street, London,
by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's.
According to Lipscomb's ' History of Bucks,'
published in 1847, he held the Bucks livings
for two years only, his successor Thomas
Smith, B.D., being appointed Vicar of
Bierton, &c., in 1827. It does not mention
how the living became vacant. The infor-
mation in ' The Clerical Guide ' for 1829 was
evidently not brought well up to date,
although in an advertisement at the begin-
ning of the work, dated 23 March, 1829, the
proprietors offer their best acknowledgments
to the numerous gentlemen who have sup-
plied them with information of the changes
and alterations that had taken place since
the publication of the second edition.
L. EL CHAMBEBS.
. Amersham.
SIB WALTER RALEIGH AND TOBACCO
(US. ii. 489). — See Arber's reprint of King
James I.'s ' Counterblaste to Tobacco '
(pp. 81-94), where the whole story of the
introduction of tobacco into England is told.
The earliest known authority for the
Raleigh story is The British Apollo, in the
43rd number of the first volume of which
(published 7 July, 1708) it occurs. The
story had previously been told of Tarleton
and an anonymous Welshman. In their case
the extinguisher employed was water — in
Raleigh's, ale. The British Mercury intro-
duces the story by the statement that Raleigh
was the first person who brought tobacco-
smoking into use in England, which is not
true. The probability is that, so far as he
is concerned at any rate, the story is equally
untrue. C. C. B.
Small beer was the ingredient employed
by Sir Walter Raleigh's servant to extinguish
his master's apparently combustible ten-
dencies. The story is said to have been a
stock jest with Elizabethan and later dra-
matists, and appears in various' guises. It is
related in Adams's ' Elegant Anecdotes and
Bons-Mots,' London, 1790, p. 113.
W. SCOTT.
* YOUNG FOLKS' (11 S. ii. 450, 511).—
It is extremely interesting bo find this publi-
cation being so pleasantly recalled by many.
I have a specially kindly recollection of it
in respect that it was the first periodical
that, as a small boy, I bought, in 1873, and
continued to buy for some years. It was
then the Young Folks Budget, and its
special charm at that time lay in the ad-
ventures of " Tim Pippin " and Princess
Primrose, a story written by " Roland Quiz "
(Richard Quittenton), illustrated with wood-
cuts by John Proctor. The periodical is
now very difficult to come by, for remark-
ably few copies seem to have been preserved.
Although I have tried to obtain it, I have
been unsuccessful so far, and have had to be
content with a reprint, which is different.
R. L. Stevenson's connexion with the
periodical was due to the late Alexander
H. Japp, and has been set down once for all
by Dr. Japp in his ' Robert Louis Stevenson :
a Record, an Estimate, and a Memorial.'
(The writing of the story is told by Steven-
son himself in the section * My First Book,' in
' Essays in the Art of Writing.') The story
was written by Stevenson while he was
resident at The Cottage, Braemar, in 1881.
Japp visited him there, and carried off to
London a portion of the manuscript of ' The
Sea Cook ' (as the story was then named),
and showed it to Henderson, proprietor of
the Young Folks Budget — not the Young
Folks Paper, as Japp calls it, unless the
name had been changed.
The details of the matter are, of course,
too weil known to call for further remark.
It may not be so well known, however, that
in June, 1910, a polished granite memorial
slab was placed on The Cottage, Braemar,
bearing the inscription : —
" Here K. L. Stevenson spent the summer of
1881, and wrote ' Treasure Island,' his first great
work."
The credit of erecting this memorial — of a
character of which we have so few in this
part of the country — is due to the Braemar
Mutual Improvement Association. The
Cottage stands at the south end of what is
known as Castleton Terrace, Braemar.
G. M. FBASEB.
Public Library, Aberdeen.
Young Folks Paper, to give it its full name,
continued to be published weekly till some
time early in 1891, when it changed its
appearance and name, and was continued
under the title of Old and Young. Old and
Young appeared till towards the end of 1896.
The last number was dated either 24 or 31
October in that year, its place being taken
by Folks at Home, a paper which, under a
different guise, contained most of the familiar
features of Old and Young. Folks at
Home died in the spring of 1897, and had no
successor. G. L. APPEBSON.
ITINEBANT TAILOBS (US. ii. 505). — I well
remember one. of these who, sixty odd years
ago, came to " our house," mended up my
father's clothes, made two or three " pairs
of gaiters," and cut out from cloth bought
ii s. in. JAN. u, i9ii.i NOTES AND QUERIES.
in Derby a couple of suits for him, taking
to do it the best part of a week. We had
him seated on a big table in the kitchen-place,
and as he went on a good eye was kept on
" the cabbage " he made, for it was an article
of faith with all that the tailor "cabbaged"
all that he possibly could. There was not a
village which could support a tailor.
It was different with the cobbler, one being
able to do all that was needful in patching,
soleing, and heeling, as well as making for
a couple of villages. Women needed but
little " in shoe and leather," for all rough
work, indoor and outdoor, was done in
pattens, which a handy cobbler made, all
but tlie ring - irons fastened to the wooden
sole,
The itinerant tailor went to most of the
farmhouses. The women folk helped each
other to make their own clothes, but there
was a dressmaker who cut out, and made
bonnets. Most women made their own
caps-. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
WESTMINSTER CHIMES (11 S. ii. 509). — The
Westminster chimes are, subject to a more
or less different arrangement of the notes, so
much like many other chimes that it seems
rather open to doubt whether they were in
fact arranged to an ancient hymn-notation.
The words attributed to them I have long
understood to be
Lord, through this hour
Be thou our Guide.
For by thy power
No foot shall slide.
D. O.
' WALRUS AND THE CARPENTER ' PARODY :
"SACKBUT" (11 S. ii. 469, 496). —I may
perhaps be permitted to record an anony-
mous witticism recalled to me by the men-
tion of the sackbut.
When I was at Oxford ten years ago, the
vogue of " ping-pong " was at its height,
and in many a college room the game was
kept up till far into the night, to the no
small annoyance of those who desired either
to sleep or to work. The nuisance became
so pronounced that at length the Dean of a
certain college affixed to the notice-board an
intimation to the effect that " In future
ping-pong will be considered as a piano, and
is therefore prohibited after 11 P.M." (pianos
were prohibited after that hour). The
following day appeared beneath the official
edict the following parody : "In future the
buttery cat will be considered as a sackbut,
is therefore prohibited at all hourV
H. 4, B.
KNOTS IN HANDKERCHIEFS : INDIAN CUS-
TOM (US. ii. 506). — This custom is supposed
to have had its origin in the shoe-string
(or boot-lace), corrigia, suspended from
charters, in which the subscribing party
made a knot. J. HOLD EN MACMICHAEL.
CORPSE BLEEDING IN PRESENCE OF THE
MURDERER (US. ii. 328, 390, 498).— This
superstition was not confined to the "vulgar."
On 21 August, 1669, in a letter from Mr.
Henshaw to Sir Robert Paston, there is the
following item of news : —
" Monday I carried my wife and daughter to
Greenwich to see the Granpois [grampus],
which, though it was but a very little whale, is
yet a very great fish ; the skin, like that of all
Cetaceous animals, is like that of an eel's, and the
flesh as white as a conger's ; the humours of his
body, though he was dead, were in a brisk fer-
mentation, and out of a hole where they struck
the iron that killed him, there yested out blood
and oil like barm out of a barrel of new ale. It
put me in mind of some slain innocent which
bleeds at the approach of his murderers ; but
the stench was so uncouth that it was able to
discompose my meditations." — Hist. MSS. Com.,
Sixth Report, p. 367.
The correspondent, Thomas Henshaw,
was a barrister, and one of the first members
of the Royal Society, and contributed several
papers to the Philosophical Transactions ;
he also edited Skinner's ' Etymologicon
Linguae Anglicanse,' 1671. The recipient
was likewise a member of the Royal Society,
and considered " a person of great learning."
A. RHODES.
In John Timbs's book on * Predictions
realized in Modern Times ' (London, 1880)
is a note on ' Murder Wounds Bleeding
Afresh ' (p. 58). Timbs quotes Dray ton's
lines on this subject : —
If the vile actors of the heinous deed
Near the dead body happily be brought,
Oft 't hath been proved the breathless corpse will
bleed.
The popular belief existed in Scotland as
late as 1668, and was referred to with
approval by a Crown counsel, Sir George
Mackenzie, in a speech made at the trial of
Philip Standsfield. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
ARTEPHIUS, * DE CHARACTERIBUS PLANE-
TARUM ' (11 S. ii. 407). — Is there any trust-
worthy evidence that this book has ever
been written or published ? The same
author's ' Clavis Majoris Sapientiso ' ap-
peared among the ' Opuscula qusedam
Chemica ' at Frankfurt, 1614. Copies of
this are in the British Museum and the Biblio-
theque Nationale in Paris.
36
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. JAN. u, wn.
The querist should try Messrs. Joseph Baer
& Co., booksellers, Hochstrasse 6, Frankfurt
a. M., who as a matter of course make
Frankfurt prints a speciality. L. L. K.
Watt mentions a number of books by
Artephius, but the ' De Characteribus Plane-
tarum ' does not appear among them. A
single book by Artephius is included in the
Edinburgh Advocates' Library. The cata-
logue spells the name " Artefius." I am
inclined to believe that no copy of * De
Characteribus Planetarum ' can be found
in this country. Perhaps Germany, in and
around Frankfort, would be the most likely
place to look for it. SCOTUS.
ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HERALDRY
(11 S. i. 608; ii. 36, 115, 231, 353, 398).—
In ' La France Metallique,' by Jacques
de Bie, Paris, 1634, the elephant occurs once,
namely, on the reverse of a medal of Henri
III. dated 1575 (plate 74). The motto is
" Placidis parcit." According to the * Ex-
plication,' p. 220, the elephant, passing
through the fields, where are some sheep,
turns up his trunk, to show that he has no
intention of hurting them, while he treads on
a serpent, which appears to have glided
under his belly to hurt him. The interpreta-
tion is the clemency of the king towards
his dutiful subjects, and his severity towards
those who rebel against his commands. The
elephant has no castle or any trappings
whatever.
Mrs. Bury Palliser in her ' Historic Devices,
Badges, and War-Cries,' 1870, gives the
elephant as the device of the Caracciolo
family of Naples ; of the Malatesta family ; of
Rodolph, Duke of Swabia (motto " Vi parva
non invertitur " ) ; the elephant adoring the
moon, of Caracciolo, Marquis of Vico (motto
" Numen regemque salutant "} ; of Camillo
Caula, a captain of Modena (motto " Pietas
Deo nos conciliat"); of Giustiniani Salim-
bene (motto "Sic ardua peto ") ; the
elephant and broken tree, of Gio. Batt.
Giustiniani, Cardinal of Venice (motto
" Dum stetit ") ; the elephant and dragon,
of Sinibaldo and Ottoboni Fieschi (motto
" Non vos alabareis," Spanish, " You will
not exult over us " — see p. 103) ; the
elephant crushing flies, of Sisenando, King
of the Goths (motto " Al mejor que puedo ") ;
the elephant throwing his teeth to the
hunters, of Count Clement Pietra (motto
" Lasciai di me la miglior parte a dietro ") ;
the elephant walking through a flock of
sheep, of PhiUbert Emmanuel, Duke of
Savoy (motto " Infestus infestis"). See
Index, p. 421, and the pages referred to.
As to the Malatesta family Mrs. Palliser
says (p. 159) : —
" The sovereign lords of Rimini and of a great
part of Romagna had for their device an elephant,
allusive, perhaps, to the bones of Hannibal's
elephants, said to have been found at the Forli
pass, near Fossombrone and Fano, of which they
were lords."
She speaks of an elephant, not an ele-
phant's head. In no instance does she
mention a castle on the elephant.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
As a symbol this subject appears to extend
back well over three centuries or more.
In ' Hycke-Scorner,' a black-letter morality
of the earlier part of the sixteenth century,
is a quaint woodcut of an elephant bearing
a square turreted tower or castle. David
Garrick's copy of this old morality was
reprinted by Thomas Hawkins in his ' Origin
of the English Drama,' 1773. 3 vols., and the
illustration may be seen facing p. 72 in
vol. i. The animal is depicted without
harness or trappings. WM. JAGGARD.
PUNS ON PAYNE (US. ii. 409, 453).— The
following lines written by Hugh Holland,
whose mother was a Payne, may interest
the querist if they are not already familiar
to him : —
Yet griefe is by the surer side my brother,
The child of Payne, and Payne was eke my mother,
Who children had, the Ark had men as many ;
Of which, myself except, now breathes not any !
G. F. R. B.
THE BROWN SEX (11 S. ii. 505). — The
quotation from M. G. Lewis's ' Negro Life
in the West Indies ' (London, 1845 edition,
p. 25) is as follows : —
" It seems that, many years ago, an Admiral
of the Red was superseded on the Jamaica
station by an Admiral of the Blue ; and both of
them gave balls at Kingston to the ' Brown
Girls ' ; for the fair sex elsewhere are called the
' Brown Girls ' in Jamaica."
Elsewhere in Lewis's ' Journal ' " brown
girl " is used in the ordinary sense of the
term ; cp. " This morning a little brown
girl made her appearance at breakfast, with
an orange bough, to flap away the flies '"
(£b., p. 31).
Lewis's ' Journal ' (12 December, 1815,
p. 12) contains an interesting reference to
' Werthers Leiden,' showing that the English
translations were read as late as 1815 : —
" Little Jem Parsons [the cabin-boy] and his
friend the black terrier came on deck, and sat
themselves down on a gun-carriage, to read by the
ii s. in. JAN. M, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
37
light of the moon. I looked at the boy's book
(the terrier, I suppose, read over the other's
shoulder), and found that it was ' The Sorrows
of Werter.' I asked him who had lent him such
a book and whether it amused him ? He said
that it had been made a present to him, and so he
had read it almost through, for he had got to
Werter's dying ; though to be sure he did not
understand it all, nor like very much what he
understood ; for he thought the man a great
fool for killing himself for love. I told him I
thought every man a great fool who killed him-
self for love or for anything else ; but had he
no other books but ' The Sorrows of Werter. '
O, dear yes, he said, he had a great many more."
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
FOBES'S MUSICAL ENVELOPE (11 S. ii. 508).
— There is a series of Fores' s Comic Envelopes
in the Guildhall Library. There are nine
varieties : Courting, Musical, Dancing,
Racing, Shooting, Civic, Military, Christmas,
and Coaching. W. B. GEBISH.
BOHEMIAN MUSICAL FOLK-LOBE (11 S.
ii. 485). — Tripping over a stone indicates in
Hungary the site of buried treasure or lost
property. L. L. K.
ALFIEBI IN ENGLAND (US. ii. 421, 532). —
May I add to my reply that the dates given
in the ' Vita ' clearly show that the November
when Alfieri left the Hague for England was
in 1770. He left Turin in May, 1769. In the
summer he was in Vienna ; at Berlin until
November ; at Copenhagen in the winter.
At the end of March he went to Stock-
holm, in May to Petersburg, and thence to
Berlin. He was at Spa in August and
September, and from there went to the
Hague.
" Finer," in 1. 4 of the second paragraph
of my reply, should be finir.
J. F. ROTTON.
Godalming.
LADY CONYNGHAM (11 S. ii. 508). — This
lady is never named in the decorous pages of
standard English histories. Even her
husband the Marquis secures but the
briefest notice, although his midnight ride
to acquaint the late Queen Victoria with her
accession to the throne surely deserved
for him a better fate. Details of his wife's
career will need to be looked for in the
newspapers of the period or in the gossipy
memoirs of social life published within the
last few years. If I may be pardoned for
naming works probably familiar, I would
venture to mention the first three volumes of
the ' Greville Journal ' ; Mrs. W. P. Byrne's
* Gossip of the Century,' Ward & Downey,
1892 ; Mary Frampton's ' Journal,' Sampson
Low, 1885 ; and Jekyll's ' Correspondence,'
edited by Bourke, Murray, 1894.
W. S. S.
BISHOP MICHAEL H. T. LUSCOMBE (US.
ii. 349, 456). — Since the reply at the latter
reference I have seen a portrait of Bishop
Luscombe. It is in the possession of the
Rev. E. Killin Roberts, Rector of St.
Andrew, Hertford, of which parish Lus-
combe was formerly curate. I feel sure
that MB. CANN HUGHES will obtain further
information if he will communicate with
Mr. Roberts. HENBY T. POLLABD.
Hertford.
"YOBKEB" (11 S. ii. 505).— With all
respect, I venture to differ from PBOF.
SKEAT'S derivation of this word. I doubt
if the prolific crop of new words referring to
sport follows any scientific or known rules of
philology. If they do, the derivation of
" yorker " from yarker, "jerk," would
certainly be at fault. In the first place, a
jerk is expressly forbidden by the rules of
cricket : "A ball must be bowled. If
thrown or jerked, the umpire shall call
' no ball.' ' No cricketer could therefore
have applied the term " yarker " to a fairly
bowled ball.
A " yorker " is a ball which pitches close
to the bat and passes underneath it, the
batsman mistaking it for either a half-
volley or a full pitch, and consequently
failing to come down upon it. Till the sixties
of the last century it was called a "tice,"
because it enticed a batsman to hit when he
should not do so. In the sixties the word
" yorker " was introduced, and the ball in
question is now known by no other name.
The permission and development of over-
arm bowling may have had some influence
on the cultivation of this most useful ball ;
in any case, there seems no reason to doubt
that its frequent use by a Yorkshire eleven
gave it its present, name.
The word undoubtedly came into vogue as a
noun : the verb " to york " was introduced
a good deal later. JOHN MUBBAY.
50, Albemarle Street. W.
Is there not some mistake in PBOF. SKEAT'S
note ? I am no authority on cricket, but
I know what a jerk is, and I am sure that
neither jerking nor throwing the ball has
ever been allowed. Londoner, Hollander,
and in German Schweitzer are well known,
and not derived from verbs. " Burgher,"
"crowder," "butcher," "hosier," "pot-
walloper," "falconer," "potter," "barrister,"
38
NOTES AND QUERIES. tii s. ni. JAN. u, mi.
" horner," " coroner," " tinker," seem ex-
amples of common words ending in -er,
yet not derived from verbs. A saddler does
not saddle horses, but makes saddles. Slang
words — e.g., a " wonner," " a goner," " a
Peeler " — seem to show that similar words
are still in process of formation.
T. WILSON.
Harpenden.
The labourers hereabouts refer to the
straps which they generally wear outside
their trousers, below the knee, as " Yorks."
No one locally can give the reason for this
name. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
VISCOUNT OSSINGTON (11 S. ii. 508). —
If MB. T. H. MILLER will refer to the collected
volumes of Once a Week, he will find in the
number for February, 1872, a cartoon of
Viscount Ossington, entitled ' Mr. Speaker '
full length, in wig and robes, and wearing a
cocked hat. The portrait is understood
to have been an excellent likeness, and might
perhaps supply the lack of a photograph.
W. SCOTT.
"TENEDISH" (11 S. ii. 286, 354, 493).—
In reply to SIR JAMES MURRAY'S query,
Mr. HODGKIN proposes (11 S. ii. 354) to
regard the first syllable as Du. " tenne, tin,"
and shows by a quotation (1569) that such
vessels were made of tin. I think this is
probably the right route. The definition of
tenedish (1688) as " a piece of Lead made like
a Muscle shell, in which the black is kept
moist to work withal," rather suggests a
standish, e.g. " atramentarium, an Ink-horn
or Standish, or thing to keep black colour in "
(Gouldman, 1669). Standish, traditionally
derived from " stand-dish," is quoted by
Prof. Skeat for 1557. It seems to have been
a common word in the seventeenth century
(Florio, scrittoio ; Cotgrave, cabinet ; Holy-
oak, atramentarium, &c.), and 'to have been
popularly associated with stand (cf. ink-
stand) and dish. I do not think it has any
necessary connexion with either. It appears
to have been the metal table inkpot which
replaced the older portable inkhorn. Miege
(1679) has "standish, un grand 6critoire,
comme ceux qui sont faits d' Stain." Now
O.F. estain could have given M.E. *stain,
*sten, and, if introduced a second time after
the disappearance of the -s-, *tain or *ten.
The aphetic form tain, used of the tinfoil
applied to the back of a mirror, has passed
into E. (see ' N.E.D.,' s.v. tain). It seems
possible that standish may be for *staindish,
***tendish, influenced by stand, and that
tenedish is a later doublet. Or the stan and
tene may be cognate words which have
arrived by different routes (cf. stank and
tank). I do not know whether there has
ever been an E. *stan, " tin," but L. stan-
num is represented in some of the Celtic
languages (see Skeat, s.v. tin).
The second element may be dish? though
the E. liking for the ending -ish (e.g., squeam-
ish for older squeamous, rubbisA. for older
robots) and the vagaries of popular ety-
mology make it unlikely. I should guess-
that both words may be due to some O.F.
phrase such as " vase (or escritoire) en
estain doux" Cotgrave has " estaim doux,
the best kind of Tynne ; gotten in Corn-
wall." The naming of an object from the
metal of which it is composed is common,
e.g., a brass, a copper, a pewter, a tin.
ERNEST W^EEKLEY.
The Romance of Bookselling: a History front the
Earliest Titles to the Twentieth Century. By
Frank A. Mumby. (Chapman & Hall. )
TRAVELLERS in the bypaths of literature will
remember the incident recorded in ' Le Paradis des
Gens de Lettres,' in which the writer is led by
his celestial guide to the house from which the
one-eyed publisher distributed with lavish hands
twenty-pound notes as payment for a sheet of
sixteen printed pages to the crowd of happy
authors who thronged the garden of his mansion.
By these generous gifts the publisher felt himself
purged and absolved from any sin against the
Light, and in this excellent volume Mr, Mumby
has traced the steps which have led to this desir-
able rapprochement between writer and publisher,
and the means by which the dream of Asselineau
has nearly approached fulfilment.
It may be safely said that in the commercial
world there is no class that merits more highly the
confidence of the public than that which is
engaged in the production of books. The pro-
duction of books is necessarily allied with the
production of literature, and in considering the
history of bookselling, it is pleasant to recall the
satisfactory relations that have usually existed
between publisher and author. Pope may have
occasionally satirized a bookseller, but his associa-
tion with Lintot is entirely to the credit of both
parties. Johnson corrected Osborne with a
knock-down blow, but towards no one had he
friendlier feelings than towards poor Tom Davies
or that nonpareil of publishers, Robert Dodsley,
In later times the name of Murray is inseparably
woven with that of Byron ; and if the confidence
which Scott tplaced in Constable and Ballantyne
had unfortunate results, it was based upon the
friendship that existed between them. In
reading such a book as Mr. Muniby's, one's pre-
dominant feeling is that if the bookseller has not
exactly created a Paradise, he has done much
to shed sunshine on the often dreary life of the
professional author.
ii s. m. JAN. 14, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
39
In this fact perhaps lies the romance which Mr.
Mumby finds in the history of " the Trade."
If we refer to the great dictionary which ought
to lie at the elbow of every literary man, we find
that " romantic " connotes something in the way
of chivalry and adventure. Chivalry may
pertain more to the man than the bookseller, but
the spirit of adventure cannot be wanting in those
who daily launch their barks upon unknown seas.
A really good history of these venturesome heroes
has long been a desideratum, and Mr. Mumby
within his limits has in a very meritorious manner
attempted to fill the void. He would, however, have
done better to call his book a ' History of Pub-
lishing in England,' for beyond a general sketch of
what he terms the " Beginnings of the Book
World," the contents of the volume are almost
wholly confined to an account of the London
book-trade. The retail bookseller, to whom
literature owes so much, is only seen dimly in the
background ; and of the many eminent London
and provincial representatives of that branch of
the trade, only Mr. Quaritch and Messrs. Sotheran
appear to be mentioned by name, and that per-
haps more by virtue of their having published
various works than in recognition of their high
distinction as purveyors of ancient and modern
learning.
To deal with all branches of the'trade would be
impossible in a book of reasonable size, but we
feel some regret in finding no description of a very
interesting offshoot from the parent trunk. One
or two short sketches of the chapbook trade have
been written, but the subject has never been
thoroughly explored, though during the eigh-
teenth century the only providers of literature
in the remoter hamlets of the country were the
" Walking " or " Travelling Stationers," who
carried their wares from the printing presses in
Aldermary Churchyard or Bow Churchyard,
whence on one fine afternoon Boswell, who had
been fired with the ambition of writing a story in
the style of Jack the Giantkiller, carried off the
splendid collection of chapbooks which is now
housed in the Library of Harvard University.
It is to these humble benefactors, and to their
successors, such as Drewry of Derby and Dicey of
Northampton, that we owe the preservation of the
old Elizabethan legends, such as Tom Thumb and
Tom Hickathrift, Jack Homer and Long Meg of
Westminster, and they would seem to merit a
slight niche in the memorial which is perhaps too
much devoted to the aristocrats of the Trade.
This, after all, is a minor matter, and it gives
us pleasure to testify to the general value of the
book, the wide range of information that it con
veys, and the agreeable manner in which it is
written. The few slips we have noticed are un-
important. In referring to Swinburne's ' Atalanta
in Calydon ' it might have been stated that though
the title-pages of the first two editions are identical,
the earlier is in quarto and the later in foolscap
octavo, so that there is no possibility of confusion
between the two. Moxon did not publish ' The
Statue and the Bust ' — and, it may be added,
' Cleon ' — till 1855, though, from Mr. Mumby's
language on p. 304, it might be inferred that
Browning's connexion with that publisher ceased
on Messrs. Chapman & Hall issuing ' Christmas-
Eve and Easter-Day ' in 1850 (there was then no
question of a " collected edition " of Browning's
works).
A ' Bibliography of Publishing and Book-
selling ' by Mr. W. H. Peet, reprinted, with addi-
tions, from these columns, forms an Appendix to
bhe book. This is excellent as far as it goes, but it
£oes only a very short distance. Foreign works on
the subject are not included. ' Book-Prices Current '
finds a place, but not ' Book-Auction Records,'
which often contains biographical and other-
contributions on bookselling and booksellers. Big-
more and Wyman's ' Bibliography of Printing,*
though incidentally mentioned on p. 460, should
have been inserted in the body of the work, as
it contains hundreds of references to the book-
producing trade, and also a capital biography
of the late Bernard Quaritch, with an engraved
portrait representing him as he was known to his
friends and customers in the seventies and eighties »
Smith's ' Obituary ' (see p. 464) was not re-
printed in Willis's Current Notes for February*
1853 : there is only a short notice of the book*
with a few extracts relating to booksellers and
stationers. The Bibliography needs some revision,,
and we trust that Mr. Peet will devote himself to
its republication in a fuller and more eclectic f orm..
IN The National Review for January ' Episodes
of the Month ' and ' Two Elections and a Moral *
by Politicus deal frankly with the position of the
Unionist party, the election which was recently
concluded, and the results attained. It is
not surprising to find that Mr. Balfour's introduc-
tion of the Referendum at the last moment
before the conflict began is described as a " painful
blunder," and it is further stated that " under
Mr. Balfour there is little or no hope of the-
Unionist party regaining its influence in the
State," as he is out of touch with the " man in the
street." In 'Sea Law made in Germany* Miv
H. W. Wilson considers Mr. T. G. Bowles's,
recently published ' Sea Law and Sea Power,'
and the official answers to its indictments. A
main point in the discussion concerns British
food-supplies in time of war, a subject of the
gravest importance. Dr. Elizabeth Chesser says
many things about ' The Health of the Nation '
which are doubtless true, but the- practical appli-
cation of s\ich regulations as she suggests is the
difficulty. Having given in the last number of
the Revieiv a speech by Mr. Bonar Law, the editor
now publishes one by Mr. Lloyd George delivered
at the Paragon Music-Hall, Mile End, on 21 Nov.
An account of the Portuguese Revolution follows,
being regarded as ' Lloyd-Georgeism in Practice/
Most of the heroes of that outbreak are denounced
as poltroons, and bribery and place-hunting are
rampant. While it is not difficult to see the
failures and ludicrous aspects of the Revolution,
a view of the previous regime and its disastrous
incompetence might be useful to give us a fair
idea of the possibilities of the country and temper
of the people. Lady Helen Graham's ' Impres-
sions of Ober-Ammergau in 1910 ' form a pleasant
but not very significant study in a sentimental
vein.
Mr. J. Arthur Hill's article on ' Christian
Science ' should be read for its facts concerning
Mrs. Eddy, but we do not like its tone. In
' American Affairs ' Mr. A. Maurice Low tells us
that a third term of Presidency for Mr. Roosevelt
is now considered impossible ; and Aga Khan
writes in a complimentary style concerning
' Lord Minto's Viceroyalty.'
40
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JAX. u, mi.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JANUARY.
MR. FRANCIS EDWARDS'S Catalogue 306 contains
under America ' Biologia Centrali -Americana,'
edited by Godman and Salvin, section Archaeology
by Maudsley, consisting of 1 vol. text, royal 4to,
sewed, and 16 vols. of plates, oblong folio, boards,
1889-1902, 24Z. Under ' Arabian Nights ' is
Burton's edition, Benares, 1885-8, 16 vols., 281.
Under Art and Architecture are a few books from
the library of an architect. Under Blake are a
series of facsimiles, folio, half-morocco, 1876,
51. 5s. (one of a hundred copies for private circula-
tion) ; also Gilchrist's Life, plates on India paper,
2 vols., 1880, 31. 5s. Under Books is Sotheby's
* Principia Typographical 3 vols., imperial 4 to,
1858, 81. 10s. Under Bronte is the Rev. Patrick
Bronte's ' Cottage Poems,' 1811, 7s. Qd. There
•are works under Charles I., Civil War, and Common-
wealth. Under John Curtis is the author's own
•copy of his ' British Entomology,' with the com-
plete series of the 770 original water-colour draw-
ings, 105?. Publications of the Kelmscott Press
inelude Swinburne's ' Atalanta ' and Morris's
' Golden Legend.' Among works on London
will be found Rocque's Plan, 1746, 51. 5s. ;
Wheatley's ' London, Past and Present,' extended
to 6 vols., half -morocco, 1891, 16Z. ; and Wilkin-
son's ' Londina Illustrata,' large paper, an early
And clean copy, 2 vols., folio, half -morocco, 1819,
11. 10s. Books on Napoleon include the first
edition of Combe, 1815, 12Z. ; and Ireland's Life,
"with series of folding and other coloured plates
by Cruikshank, 4 vols., full red levant, 1828, 351.
•Other items are Newman's Works, 33 vols., half-
morocco, 1875-88, 61. 15s. ; and a good tall
copy of the first edition of the Nuremberg Chro-
nicle, old French morocco, the first pages slightly
-wormed, containing the supplement De Samarcia,
but only two blank leaves, 1493, 25Z. ; under
Spenser is the first folio edition, 1611-13, title
mounted, 51. 15s.
Mr. Charles J. Sawyer's Catalogue of New
Books at Half-Prices contains ' Don Quixote,'
"Shelton's translation, with the 260 plates specially
drawn for this edition by Daniel Vierge, 4 hand-
some vols., 1907, 51. 5s. (edition limited to 155
copies, and published at 151. net). There are
many works suitable for presentation, including
illustrated books such as ' The Three Musque-
teers,' with 250 pictures by Leloir, 2 vols., imperial
8vo, 11. 10s. ; and ' The Bible in Art,' 2 vols.,
15s. Qd. Other works are ' Religious Systems
of the World,' 4s. Qd. ; Graetz's ' History'of the
Jews,' 5 vols., 11. 15s. ; and Gibbs's ' Men and
"Women of the French Revolution/ 28 full-page
portraits, 4to, 17s. 6d. There are also works of
travel, biographies, and volumes in all classes of
literature.
Messrs. Henry Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current
710 contains a complete set of Ackermann's
Repository, 40 vols., royal 8vo, half-russia, 1809-
1828, very scarce, 65Z. Under Ainsworth is the
large-type Library Edition, 16 vols., half-morocco,
'81. 15s. There are works under Aldine Press,
Alp-Lore, and America. There is a complete
set of ' The Annual Register,' tree calf extra.
Under Matthew Arnold is the Edition de Luxe,
15 vols., half-levant by Riviere, 1903-4, 211.
Under Bacon are Spedding's edition, 14 vols.,
new calf, 121. 12s. ; and Pickering's edition,
edited by Basil Montagu, 17 vols., new morocco,
1825, 22Z. 10s. There is a fine specimen of
binding from the library of Henry VIII. Under
Browning are first editions. Carlyle items include
the Centenary Edition. Under Chaucer is the
Clarendon Press edition ; and under China is
Brinkley's ' Japan and China,' Library Edition,
limited to 500 copies, 12 vols., half orange levant,
1903-4, 18Z. 18s. There is a fine collection of
coaching books, 20 vols., red levant by Riviere,
1882-1905, 58Z. 10*. A long list under Dickens
includes numerous first editions. Among many
handsome sets are the works of. George Eliot,
Edward FitzGerald, J. R. Green, Ben Jonson,
Jesse, &c. The Catalogue also contains three
rare copies of Chapman's ' Homer ' ; a number of
works under India ; and a fine original set of
Punch, with all the wrappers and advertisements,
1841-1908, 135 vols., new half-morocco, 125L
Under Shakespeare are copies of the Second and
Third Folios.
Mr. Albert Sutton's Manchester Catalogue 184
contains first and early editions of Harrison Ains-
worth ; also the Windsor Edition, 20 vols., 1901,
4Z. 4s. Under Blake is the Life by Gilchrist,
2 vols., 1880, 21. 10s. There is the first edition of
* The Zincali,' and the second of ' The Bible in
Spain.' The first edition of Brome's ' Horace,'
morocco, 1666, is 4/. Under Coleridge is Cottle's
' Recollections,' 2 vols., 1837, 12s. ; under
Thomas Hardy, first editions of ' Tess ' and ' The
Trumpet-Major ' ; under Lever, a collection of
first editions, 10 vols., uniform half-calf, 1839-65,
11. Is. ; under Marryat, first editions of ' Poor
Jack ' and * The Pirate ; and under Punch a set
of the original issue. There are some first editions
of Thackeray, and the Library Edition, 22 vols.,
half -morocco, 1869, 11. 15s. The Satirist, or
Monthly Meteor. 1808-12 (wanting vol. vi., &c.), is
21. 2*.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
to
We must call special attention to the following
notices : —
Editorial communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
P. F. STEPHENSON (" Pickwick : Through the
button-hole ")•— See 10 S. i. 228. 272, 298.
W. S. S. ("Peacock's Works ").— Forwarded to
querist.
ii s. in. JAN. 21, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
41
LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 21, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 56.
NOTES :— Stained Glass in Essex Churches, 41 — The
" Bow- Wow" Style, 42— Prince of Monaco's Memoir, 43 —
Edward Chaplin— Anna Seward's Baptism— Sybil, Queen
of Scotland, 44- Geoffrey Pole— " Carpet-bagger," 45—
" Musice mentis medicina maestse " — Benjamin Bathurst
—Second Earl Spencer's Death— Wedgewood Ware and
Water-Carriage, 46— Alnwick : Walking through a Bog, 47.
QUERIES :— Bismarck, Miss Russel, and Miss Loraine—
Prior's Birthplace— Thackeray's Last Words— Bowles's
'Hundred of Penwith'- Songs of the Peasantry, 47-' A
Voice from the Bush '—American Words and Phrases—
'The Flying Dutchman' — Authors Wanted — Hartley
Wintney, Hants, 48— Andrew Lang on the Odyssey—
Phips Family— London Gunsmiths, 49.
REPLIES :— Speaker's Chair— Gamnecourt : Barbara de
Bierle, 50—" Love me, love my dog," 51— Dr. Johnson in
the Hunting Field, 52— Wet Hay— Sir Lyonell Guest-
Archbishop Cleaver— W. Fitzgerald— Rogerson Cotter-
John Coston— Nottingham Monastery not in Dugdale, 53
—Defoe Methodist Chapel, Tooting— Rev. F. W. Faber—
Napoleon and the Little Red Man— Count of the Holy
Roman Empire, 54— Eminent Librarians— Pauper's Badge
— C. F. Henningsen and Kossuth— " Keep within Com-
pass," 55—" Old Cock o' Wax "— Leake Family—' Tit for
Tat '—" Winchester Quart "—Moving Pictures to Cine-
matographs, 56— Corn and Dishonesty — R's of Sailors —
Authors Wanted— Inscriptions in Churchyards, 57—" God
moves in a mysterious way " — ' Pilgrim's Progress '
Imitated— Isola Family—" Caeqehouias," 58.
NOTES ON BOOKS :— ' Walks about Jerusalem.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY :— Nicolas Mory.
Notices to Correspondents.
STAINED AND PAINTED GLASS IN
ESSEX CHURCHES.
(See 11 S. ii. 361, 462.)
I NOW propose to deal with
THE LIBERTY OF HAVERING.
Havering - atte - Bower (St. John Evan-
gelist).— None.
Hornchurch (St. Andrew). — The E. window
of the N. aisle is filled with fragmentary
old glass. In the centre is a Crucifixion,
much mutilated. The upper part of the
cross, and the arms, shoulders, and chest
of the figure, are intact, but the head and
neck and legs have gone. Where the head
and neck were has been leaded a head of
'St. Mary Magdalen, taken, no doubt, from
the lower part of the cross ; while fragments
of different kinds have been put in to fill the
place of the legs. The effect is grotesque.
Portions of the figure are distinguishable
Among fragments of tabernacle work leaded
together, in hopeless confusion, in different
parts of the window, and it seems possible
that a careful study of the fragments might
enable one to reconstruct partially the cross
and figure.
On either side of the Crucifixion is a coat
of arms in a circular border, both sadly
mutilated ; while in the tracery is a half-
length figure of St. Edward, King and Con-
fessor, in grissille, with the left hand raised,
probably (but the hand is much faded)
holding up the ring which he gave to St.
John when the Evangelist, in beggar's
guise, asked of him alms as he was assisting
at the dedication of St. John's Church at
Havering.
XL. St. Edward, K. and C.
XLL, XLIL, XLIII. — Fragments in
tracery.
XLIV. Side fillings of tracery lights.
XLV. Arms in dexter main light : Arg.,
a fesse dancettee between 8 billets sa.
XL VI. Crucifixion in central main light.
XL VII. Arms in sinister main light :
Parted per pale. Dexter, probably as in
XLV., but, as the shield now stands, its
dexter half consists of fragments of a fesse
dancettee and two billets sa., some old
pieces of tabernacle work, and a fragment,
apparently, from another lost shield, chequee
or and sa. Sinister, also much mutilated,
but it clearly was originally Sa., a chevron
or between 3 garbs arg.
Romford (St. Edward, C.).— None.
A correspondent has kindly called my
attention to an error at 1 1 S. ii. 361. Happily,
Little Ilford Church is not without some
remains of old glass ; for the eastern of two
small circular eighteenth-century windows
in the Lethieullier Chapel is filled with
fragments of considerable interest (No. I*
in my collection of drawings).
When I visited the church, the Lethieullier
Chapel, which is used as a vestry, was locked,
and I was unfortunately content with a
sight of its windows from the outside. The
leadwork being modern, I, incautiously, con-
cluded that the glass, too, was of a similar
character.
In the centre of the window to which I
have referred is a shield showing the arms of
England (ancient), viz., Quarterly, 1st and
4th, France (ancient) ; 2nd and 3rd, Eng-
land. Above the shield are remains of a
small 16th-century painting, in brown
enamel heightened with yellow stain, on
a single sheet of glass, of the taking down
of Our Lord from the cross. The drawing
of this little picture is remarkably delicate,
and it bears, in style and treatment, a strik-
42
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
ing resemblance to the medallion in Great
Ilford Hospital Church referred to on p. 362
as Ih. Below the shield is what has been an
oval piece of glass, but which, having been
broken, is now in several pieces leaded
together, whereon are the scarcely dis-
cernible remains of a coat of arms, the
blazon of which seems to read, Azure, on
a chevron arg. 3 white roses, seeded and
barbed ppr. between 3 garbs (perhaps fleurs-
de-lis) or. Crest, a seated, or three-quarter,
human figure or. Motto, "... .the truthe."
A noticeable fact about this painting is that
the brown outline and all the colours, except
the yellow stain, have perished to such a
degree that the design can only with diffi-
culty be made out, and I am inclined to
think that it is an example of 16th- or 17th-
century varnish painting on glass, so far as
the pigments other than the yellow stain,
which is bright and clear, are concerned.
On the dexter side of the central shield
is the red rose of Lancaster, barbed ppr.,
with the white rose of York, seeded ppr.,
in pretence. Small fragments of a blue-
and-yellow chaplet remain round the roses,
while above the chaplet is a royal crown of
four half-arches, with crosses patee and
fleurs-de-lis on the circlet and a ball and
cross on the top. On the sinister side of the
shield is a red rose, seeded and barbed ppr.,
with blue-and-yellow chaplet, almost com-
plete, encircling it, and above, a royal crown
similar to, but larger, bolder in design, and
with higher arches than, that over the other
roses.
All these compositions are set in fragments
of 15th-century rectangular quarries and
16th- and 17th-century heraldic mantling
and scrollwork. Among these are pieces of
a third royal crown, which perhaps formerly
ensigned the arms of England. There are
also fragments of quarries with the " crown
in the thorn bush " badge of Henry VII.
and his initials H.R. It may be surmised
that the three principal features of this
" jumble " window — the royal arms and the
roses — were formerly set in quarries showing
this badge.
On another quarry is a heron, which may
point to the existence, once on a time, in
Little Ilford Church, of a window' set up by,
or having some reference to, a member of
the Heron family, which possessed the
Manor of Aldersbrook in this parish in the
days of Henry VIII. Aldersbrook had
belonged to the Cistercian Abbey of Stratford
Langthorne, and was granted by Henry to
Sir John Heron, Master of his jewel house.
The probability of a Heron window in the
church is also strengthened by the fact
that a brass to Thomas, son and heir to this-
Sir John Heron, is on the north wall. The
inscription below the figure, which is that of
a youth in civilian dress, states that Thomas
died in 1517, aged 14.
I am much indebted to L. M. R. for his
suggestions at 11 S. ii. 464. On the whole,
of the two solutions which he suggests, I
incline to that of Joab slaying Amasa. The
foreground of the painting is open country
— trees, undergrowth, and broken ground —
very well answering to the description in
2 Sam. xx. of the place where Amasa' s murder
took place, but not so suggestive of the scene
of Joab's slaying of Abner, " the middle of
the gate " of Hebron. The treacherous
slayer, too, in the picture is dressed after the
manner mentioned in verse 8, and promin-
ence is given to his sword scabbard, as in the
Biblical account. On the other hand, it
must be admitted that the murderer holds his
sword (the blade of which is buried in his
victim's right side) in his own right hand,
and he is taking the older man's chin with
his left hand. These slight differences,
however, may be merely the effect of the
artist's liberties with his subject.
F. SYDNEY EDEN,
May croft, Fy field Road, Walthamstow.
THE "BOW-WOW" STYLE.
MB. CURRY'S interesting article (11 S. iL
522) has reminded me of the use of the
familiar cry of the dog by serious writers.
Max Miiller spoke of the extravagances of
the school who favoured onomatopoeic
explanations as " bow-wow words." This-
was meant, of course, sarcastically, and the
word generally connotes contempt and
impudence rather than dignity or impressive -
ness. But this is hardly so in three examples,,
two of which are, I take it, derived from the
earliest. Boswell in his ' Life of Johnson r
(vol. ii. p. 326, ed. Birkbeck Hill) refers to
his hero's mode of speaking as " indeed very
impressive," and adds the note : —
" My noble friend Lord Pembroke said once to
me at Wilton, with a happy pleasantry and some
truth, that ' Dr. Johnson's sayings would not
appear as extraordinary, were it not for his botc-
ivow way.' "
This clearly represents, to quote Boswell
again in the same passage, Johnson's " deli-
berate and strong utterance." When he
started barking, no one else had a chance
to break in; it was a case of the "sort of
men " mentioned by v Gratiano at the
ii s. in. JAN. 21, ion.] NOTP:S AND QUERIES.
beginning of ' The Merchant of Venice,' who,
when they do speak, seem to say,
I am Sir Oracle,
And when I ope my lips let no dog bark.
The 'N.E.D.' gives a quotation of 1854
which repeats this characterization of John-
son, but not the passage itself.
Now the mention of a big dog who silenced
his companions or took a dignified lead in
barking would give this meaning more
clearly, and I find Scott in his pleasant way
thus, perhaps, recalling the remark on John-
son. He says ('Journal,' vol. i. p. 61, ed.
1890) concerning the merits of some verses
he wrote in 1825 to the tune of * Bonnie
Dundee ' : —
" I wonder if they are good. Ah ! poor Will
Krskine ! thou couldst and wouldst have told me.
I must consult J. B., who is as honest as was W. E.
But then, though he has good taste too, there is
a little of Big Bow-wow about it."
Again (i. 155), Scott praises Jane Austen's
' Pride and Prejudice,' and adds : —
" That young lady had a talent for describing
the involvements and feelings and characters of
ordinary life, which is to me the most wonderful
I ever met with. The Big Bow-wow strain I can
do myself like any now going ; but the exquisite
touch, which renders ordinary commonplace
things and characters interesting, from the truth
of the description and the sentiment, is denied to
me."
The first of these references seems to
indicate pretentious or loud assurance ;
the second the Grand Style. One would
expect to find " bow-wow " in the writings
of a master of the vernacular like Shake-
speare, and it occurs in ' The Tempest.'
WINKIE.
PRINCE OF MONACO'S MEMOIR.
(See 10 S. vii. 125,244; viii. 83; 11 S. i. 362.)
THE following is a translation of another
inedited prison paper of the Prince of
Monaco in my possession, and is well
written, without any erasures : —
Memoir sent 26 Thermidor [August] to the Com-
mittee of General Safety, and addressed to
the Representatives of the People, composing
the Committee of General Safety.
Citizens, — A decree given the 18th of this
month has charged you to set at liberty the
citizens detained as suspects for reasons which
are not designated by the law of 17 September,
Old Style.
The declaration above delivered by the Revo"
lutionary Committee of Vigilance, of the section
of the Ked Cap, gives the reason for my detention
to be the emigration of one of my children. I
thought I had proved by the different Memoirs
that I have addressed to the National Conven-
tion and to its Committees, especially by the-
observations expressed on 14 Pluvidse [March],,
of which I here give an example, that my son
cannot be considered as an e'migre'. Besides, my
absent son is 31 years old, out of my power by the
laws, and has not dwelt with me since his marriage
in 1781 ; he did not tell me of his departure, and
I have not received news of him, nor have I
written to him.
But if my son ever could be called an Emigre,
the law of 17 October, 1793, Old Style, cannot
be applied to me, as it implies that only those
former nobles shall be deemed suspects who are
the fathers of Emigres who have not constantly
manifested their attachment to the Revolution ;
for, first in the quality of Prince of Monaco, and
then in that of a private person, I have always
shown my devotion and my zeal for the happiness
of the French people and the prosperity of
France.
In reality, not satisfied with not having spared
trouble or expense to provide for the victualling
and necessary subsistence of the troops of France
in garrison in the Place de Monaco, and those of
the armies of Italy, sent in detachments into the
said Principality and its environs, I have besides-
borrowed a large sum at Genoa, which I still owe,,
and which I have employed for the same use.
I have several times advanced my own money for
the payment of the French garrison, with the view
of preventing any contingencies that might retard
it. The deeds deposited in the Registers of the
Treasury of the former Principality of Monaco
are now at the disposal of the administrators
of the Department of the Maritime Alps, and
among the letters of the Minister of War' who
has been informed of them.
Protected by the same sentiments, I have always
addressed the strongest representations and
solicitations to the different Ministers of War
to procure for the French troops in garrison at
Monaco things necessary for them, and to make
them preserve exactly the military discipline
and laws decreed by the National Assembly,
which is shown by my letters, that ought to be
found in the War Office.
The proofs of my constant attachment to the
French Republic, as a private person, are no less
real, and although they are contained in the
different Memorials that" I have presented, I will
recall them : —
The voluntary gift that I have made of several
horses.
That of 24 guns, or of their equivalent.
That of 4 pieces of bronze cannon which be-
longed to me, to the Commune of Thorigny,
Department of La Manche.
That of the first Tree of Liberty which has been
placed in the same Commune.
The assistance of bread and money that I have
not ceased to give to the poor of the Communes
where I have possessions. The money that 1
have given to the Section of the Red Cap.
Finally, the prompt and exact payment of all
the ordinary and extraordinary contributions
which have been levied on me up to this day.
To all these proofs of my attachment I could
also add my unbroken residence in France from .
the commencement of the year 1790.
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 21, 1911
I believe, Citizens, that this short statemen
argues sufficiently in my favour, and proves
plainly that I cannot be classed, by the law o:
17 September, 1793, Old Style, under suspected
men. I could also support myself in thisi resped
by the Report made by the Diplomatic Com
mittee to the National Convention, 14 February
1793, at the time of the reunion of the Principality
.of Monaco to the French Republic, and claim the
justice which this Committee did not fail to render
on that occasion to the sentiments that I have
always manifested.
But, Citizens, I have without doubt sufficiently
proved that I am entitled to profit by the kind
intentions of the decree of the 18th of this month,
and I implore your justice to grant me speedily
the benefit of it, fully convinced that the repre-
sentatives of a free and generous people will put
.a stop to the detention which I have suffered
for nearly a year, and that they will at the same
time order the removal of the seals put in my
house.
As to the correspondence mentioned above,
I can only congratulate myself that from what
has been sent to the Committee of General Safety
it will be the better able to judge of my true
sentiments. As to being one of the enemies of
the State, I cannot conceive what has led the
Committee of Revolutionary Surveillance, of the
Section of the Red Cap, to use these terms ; in
truth, I am certain of never having written against
the Revolution or the prosperity of the French
Republic, and I defy any one to produce the
slightest proof to the contrary.
Health and Fraternity.
On the title-page of this Memoir was
copied the writing here added : —
Reasons for the detention of Citizen Monaco
Grimaldi.
Section of the Red Cap.
Committee of Revolutionary Surveillance.
The 24 Thermidor, year 2 of the Republic one
and indivisible. Arrested as ex-noble, and having
a son an emigre. On taking off the seals placed
-on his house to extract the papers, they have
sent all his correspondence with the enemies of
the State, at home and beyond the Republic,
to the Committee of General Safety.
Made the day and year above said.
Signed D'Aire President and Tosi Secretary.
The MS. is on 4 pp. 4to, similar paper and
watermark to the Examination (11 S. i. 362).
The parts in italics are underlined in the
•original. The year seems to be 1794.
D. J.
EDWAED CHAPLIN. — I have only just
seen in ' N. & Q.' for 17 December, 1904
(10 S. ii. 488), an inquiry as to Edward
Chaplin, admitted to Westminster School
in 1786. He was my grandfather, born
7 July, 1771, and died 14 November, 1858.
If G. F. R. B. wishes further information,
I shall be happy to give it on his writing to
me. HOLROYD CHAPLIN.
2, Holland Villas Road, W,
ANNA SEWABD : DATE OF HER BAPTISM. —
Mr. A L. Reade in his ' Johnsonian Glean-
ings ' (p. 34) writes : "It is strange that the
date of Anna Se ward's birth never seems
to have been correctly stated." He gives
the date as 1 December, 1744.
Being her representative, tracing through
the first wife of John Hunter, I have taken
the trouble (I wish I had done so before
publishing a booklet on Anna Seward) to
obtain a certificate, signed on 5 May, 1910,
by the present Rector of Eyam, which
states that " Anne Seward, the daughter of
the Rev. Thomas Seward, Rector of Eyam,
and Mrs. Elizabeth Seward his wife," was
baptized 28 December, 1742.
The Seward family Bible is in the posses-
sion of Sir Robert White-Thomson of Ex-
bourne, North Devon, who is the representa-
tive of Anna Seward through Hunter's
second wife, and the statement in it that
she was born on the 1st of December, 1744,
and baptized on the 28th of the same month,
and that her sponsors were her Uncle
Norton, her Aunt Martin, and Mrs. Jackson
of Burton, must, of course, now be treated
as erroneous, so far as it relates to the date
of the baptism. STAPLETON MARTIN.
The Firs, Norton, Worcester.
SYBIL, QUEEN or SCOTLAND : HER
PARENTAGE. — Alexander I., King of Scot-
Land, about the time of his accession (1107),
married " Sybilla," illegitimate daughter
of Henry I., King of England ('D.N.B.').
Sybil's mother is not referred to, but under
Henry I. she is said to have been a sister
of Waleran, Count of Meulan, the authorities
cited being Orderic and Skene's ' Celtic
Scotland.' No doubt the sister referred to
was Isabel (afterwards wife of Gilbert de
Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke), who was a
mistress of Henry I. (Planche, ' Conqueror
and his Companions,' i. 216).
It seems rash to suggest that Orderic, a
contemporary chronicler, was completely
at fault ; but from a consideration of the
dates involved it seems to me impossible
:hat any sister of Count Waleran can have
3een mother to Sybil. Waleran was the
Idest son of Robert de Beaumont, Count
of Meulan (France), Lord of Pontaudemer
and Beaumont (Normandy), and 1st Earl of
eicester, by his wife Isabel, daughter of
Hugh the Great, Count of Vermandois,
younger son of Henry I., King of France
ibid, i. 212). When the marriage of Robert
and Isabel was projected, it was forbidden
n the ground of consanguinity, by Ivo,
3ishop of Chartres, at the beginning of 1096
ii s. m. JAN. 21, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
45
(Chester Waters, ' Gundrada de Warrenne/
pp. 16-17). However, the Pope granted a
dispensation, on condition that Isabel's
father should take the cross, and the marriage
took place in 1096-7. If we assume that their
daughter Isabel was the eldest child of this
marriage, and was born at the earliest
possible moment, she would have been about
ten years of age when her alleged daughter
married the King of Scots.
Even if Alexander's marriage did not take
place so early as stated by the ' D.N.B.' —
a point on which Scottish readers may be
able to give some information — it seems im-
possible to account for the discrepancy — a
whole generation. I suggest that Sybil's
mother must have been another of Henry I.'s
numerous mistresses.
Cobbe calls Alexander's wife " Hedwig,"
but affiliates her to Henry I. as an illegiti-
mate child by " Elizabeth, daughter of
Ho. de Bellomont, Count of Meulan"
('Norman Kings of England,' Table III.).
" De Bellomont " is simply a mistranslation
of " de Bello Monte," the Latinized form of
de Beaumont. G. H. WHITE.
St. Crc SB, Harleston, Norfolk.
GEOFFREY POLE, the Winchester scholar of
whom mention has been made at 9 S. viii.
73, 449, under the heading * Anthony
Fortescue,' and at 9 S. ix. 468 under ' Sir
Geoffrey Pole, died 1558,' was not attainted
26 February, 1562/3 (Appendix II. to the
Fourth Report of the Deputy Keeper of the
Public Records, pp. 263-4), though Sir
Thomas Smith mentions him as privy to
the plot (' Cal. S.P. for 1562,' p. 480), as
he was only 14 years old at the time. In
1576 he was a magistrate of Sussex sus-
pected of Popery (Strype, * Annals/ II. ii.
22), and on 29 October, 1577, he was ordered
to appear before the Privy Council (Dasent,
' Acts,' x. 69). He had gone abroad before
23 June, 1585, and had let Lordington to his
nephew Anthony Fortescue the younger
at 50Z. a year ('Cal. S.P. Dom., 1581-90,'
p. 247, and cf. pp. 351, 354). In the ' Con-
certatio Ecclesise ' he is called Galfrid. The
fugitive Germane Pole (ibid., p. 705 ;
' Cal. S.P. Dom., 1591-4,' at p. 15 ; 1598-
1601, at p. 310), who had a brother Gervase
at the English College, Rome, in 1599,
belonged to the Derbyshire family, and was
not a relative of Geoffrey. In 1600 the
Duke of Parma was endeavouring to obtain
the cardinal's hat for Arthur Pole, a son of
the nephew of Cardinal Pole (i.e. of Geoffrey),
a young man of 25 years of age, brought up
from his childhood in the house of the late
Cardinal Alexander Farnese (' Cal. S.P. Span.,
1587-1603,' at pp. 670, 671). On 19 June,
1622, one of Geoffrey's daughters, Mary, was
professed at St. Monica's Augustinian Con-
vent at Louvain, aged 39, and the ' Chronicle/
vol. i. (Sands & Co., 1904), at pp. 242-3f
gives this account of her father : —
" He was a brave gentleman and courageous, a
most constant Catholic, a harbourer of priests,
and one who, being strong of hand, would beat
the pursuivants and catchpolls so handsomely
that they stood in great fear of him. Insomuch
that once a pursuivant being sent down to serve
a writ upon him for his conscience, he chanced to
meet with the pursuivant upon the way ; so-
that riding together the fellow began to speak
something of Mr. Geoffrey Pole, saying thus : 'He
is a shrewd man of his hands, for he did beat a
brother of mine, but I have here something, I
warrant, that will cool his courage ' ; and told
him how he had brought the writ for him. He
heard him, and said nothing who he was, but
entertained him with talk and rode on together
so long till he had him in a fit place, and then said
to him : ' Here is Geoffrey Pole ; what hast thou
to say to him ? ' The fellow pulled out his writ
and said as the manner is, ' The Queen greets you '
(for it was in her reign). He, hearing this, made
no more ado, but drew his sword and said : ' Look
here, fellow, I give thee thy choice ; either eat
up this writ presently, or else eat my sword :
for one of both thou shalt do ere we part hence/
The poor man began to quake for fear and durst
not resist him, but like a coward was wholly
daunted, and did indeed eat up the writ for mere
fear rather than he would be killed. So became
the writ of no effect, but only to punish the
pursuivant for his pains. Such like good feats
did this worthy gentleman perform, showing
always his zeal unto the Catholic religion. At
length he came over to this side the seas, where
he died like a constant Catholic, in voluntary
banishment at Antwerp."
The chronicler also states that Geoffrey was
the only one of all the sons of Sir Geoffrey
who had issue. She also tells us, at p. 257,
that one of Geoffrey's sisters was mother-in-
law to a certain Richard Lamb, Esq., who
was in the household of Lord Montague.
Is it known whom Geoffrey married ?
Or what became of his issue ?
JOHN B. WAINEWKIGHT.
" CARPET - BAGGER." — In a recent Times
article on American social conditions it
was mentioned that this expression was
applied by Southerners after the Civil War
to Northern officials sent among them during
the Reconstruction period. The term was
unpopular as denoting one whose worldly
possessions could be carried in a carpet-
bag. In this country " carpet-bagger "
seems to mean an unknown meteoric candi-
date who puts up at a local hotel with his
carpet-bag during the contest. Not long
ago I heard this term applied to a municipal
46
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
candidate who crossed to a different quarte
of London from that in which he residec
and was known. As the carpet-bag is rarely
if ever, seen in these days, though the politi
cal epithet " carpet-bagger " is likely t(
•continue in currency, its etymology will be
•come obscure. FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.
Streatham Common.
["Carpet-bagger," described as U.S. politica
slang, is in the section of the ' N.K.D.' publishe
in 1888. The last sentence of the article notice
the introduction of the term into English politics.
" MUSICE MENTIS MEDICINA
In No. 33, p. 28, of * A Student's Pastime
(' N. & Q.,' 3 S. xii. 412) Prof. Skeat writes :
" On the fly-leaf of a Collection of Musica
Tunes, by John Dowlande, M.B., in MS. Camb
Univ. Dd. ii. 11, is the following specimen o
-alliteration : — ' Musica mentis medicina mcestae.' '
The source of the quotation does not seem
to have been recognized.
A still more striking example of allitera
tion is afforded when these words are com-
bined with the remainder of the stanza : —
Musice mentis medicina moestac,
Musice multum minuit malorum,
Musice magnis, metliis, minutis
Maxima mittit.
This is the conclusion of a poem by Walter
Haddon (1516-72), headed ' De Musica '
on p. 69 (wrongly numbered 66) of his
* Poemata,' at the end of his ' Lucubra-
tiones,' London, 1567. The poem consists
of five Sapphic stanzas, the first three lines
of each beginning with some case of
" musice."
Burton, ' Anatomy of Melancholy,' 2.2.6.3,
6th ed., p. 299, has " Musica est mentis
medicina mcestce, a roaring-meg against
Melancholy." The last words must have
been suggested by the title of a work of
1598 quoted, under ' Roaring Meg, in the
"'N.E.D.' : 'Tyros Roring Megge Planted
against the walles of Melancholy,' which is
in the list (Selden MS. 80, supra) of Burton's
books that were given to the Bodleian.
EDWARD BENSLY.
BENJAMIN BATHURST. — The ' D.N.B.' has
found this English diplomat worthy of
notice on account of his mysterious dis-
appearance in Germany now more than 101
years ago. With regard to his death The
Observer of 18 December last published a
short notice under the title of ' A Century-
Old Mystery,' according to which a skeleton
was found recently in a field close to the
little Prussian town of Perleberg, near Berlin,
^buried face downwards, and with a large hole
in the forehead. The only object found
with the remains was " a large key, believed
to be of old English workmanship." The
bones were being examined as to their age.
L. L. K.
*
THE SECOND EARL SPENCER : HIS DEATH.
— The recent death of John, fifth Earl
Spencer, has occasioned some newspaper
references to the Althorp library and its
founder, George John, the second Earl.
It is rather difficult to say how much assis-
tance his eulogizer T. Frognall Dibdin
rendered in bringing that marvellous col-
lection together — probably very little ; but
at least in his * Bibliotheca Spenceriana '
he compiled a most useful work, and satis-
fied the pride of his patron, who rewarded
him by obtaining his appointment to the
living of St. Mary, Bryanston Square.
The news of Lord Spencer's last illness
and death came to Dibdin suddenly in a
letter now before me : —
Althorp, Nov. 10, 1834.
MY DEAR SIR,
As Lord Spencer's illness has only been of four
days' duration, it is probable that you may not
yet have heard of it. Most truly grieved am I to
tell you, as you will be to hear, that there is no
doubt of its terminating fatally ; and it is more
than probable that the postscript to this will
confirm the suspicion. Lord Althorp and all the
family are here. You and I and very many more
will lose in him their best friend.
My dear Sir,
Very sincerely yours,
GEO. APPLEYARD.
P.S. — 25 min. past 2.
T have just seen him breathe his last.
The Rev'd Dr. Dibdin.
The letter is not addressed, but probably
Dibdin was then living at 58, Cambridge
Street, Connaught Square.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
WEDGE WOOD WARE AND WATER-CARRIAGE.
— In the course of a recent search through
The Nottingham Journal for 1780 I inci-
dentally came across and scanned a note of
ome interest to ceramic students, although
r did not, unfortunately, note the precise
late. The item in question related to the
onviction of a Nottingham man for stealing
i large quantity of earthenware from a cask
n a barge on the Trent, at Wilford Shoals,
he said earthenware being the property of
osiah Wedge wood of Etruria, Stafford-
hire. Wilford is immediately above Not-
ingham, on this river, and the note illus-
rates the former importance of carriage by
ter in England. A. STAPLETON.
Nottingham.
ii s. m. JAN. 21, MI.] .NOTES AND QUERIES.
ALNWICK : WALKING THROUGH A BOG. —
John Wesley makes the following note
in his ' Journal ' for 25 April, 1753 : —
" We came to Alnwick on the day whereon those
who have gone through their apprenticeship are
made free of the corporation. Sixteen or seventeen,
we were informed, were to receive their freedom this
•day, and in order thereto (such is the unparalleled
wisdom of the present corporation, as well as of
their forefathers), to walk through a great bog (pur-
posely preserved for the occasion ; otherwise it
might have been drained long ago), which takes up
some of them to the neck, and many of them to the
breast."
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
BISMARCK, Miss RUSSEL, AND Miss
LORAINE. — Prince Otto von Bismarck (born
1815), the first Chancellor of the German
Empire, was in Aix-la-Chapelle in 1836,
where, as well as in 1837 in Wiesbaden, he
was on friendly terms with two young
English ladies whose names, according to
a letter from Bismarck to his wife in 1851,
were " Miss Russel and Miss Isabella
Loraine." It is reported that Bismarck
had then the serious intention of becoming
engaged to one of these ladies.
In another letter from Bismarck dated
1836 the above-named Miss Russel is referred
to as " the niece of the Duke and Duchess
of C." This " C." means, doubtless, Cleve-
land.
Any information about the life, birth,
family, &c., of Miss Russel and Miss Isa-
bella Loraine would be appreciated by
DR. A. VON WILKE.
Wilmersdorf, near Berlin, Kaiserallee 192.
MATTHEW PRIOR'S BIRTHPLACE. — Has
anything been discovered in regard to
Matthew Prior's parents, ancestry, and place
of birth since Johnson wrote the ' Lives of
the English Poets ' ? In it he speaks of Prior
as of unknown parents ; saying that accord-
ing to some he was born at Wimborne,
Dorset, but that others said he was the son
of a joiner in London. In a note Johnson
adds : —
" The difficulty of settling Prior's birthplace
is great. In the register of his College he is
called, at his admission by the President, Matthew
Prior of Winburn in Middlesex ; by himself next
day, Mathew Prior of Dorsetshire, in which county,
not in Middlesex, Winborn, or Wimborne as it
stands in the ' Villare,' is found. When he stood
candidate for his fellowship five years after-
wards, he was registered again by himself as of
Middlesex. The last record ought to be pre-
ferred, because it was made upon oath," &c.
There are references to this subject in
'N. & Q.' previous to 1893; also in Hutchins's
' Dorset,' third edition, and in Longmaris
Magazine for October, 1884 ; but I infer
that at that date nothing was definitely
known either as to his parents or place of
birth. E. HAVILAND HILLMAN.
3227, Campo S. Samuele, Venice.
[The ' D.N.B.' in 1896 gave the date of Prior's
birth as 21 July, 160-1, and state that the place
is uncertain, but that " the bulk of tradition "
is in favour of Dorset.]
THACKERAY'S LAST WORDS. — Thackeray
was found dead in his bed at 2, Palace Green,
Kensington, on Christmas morning, 1863.
According to his biography by his daughter,
the last words he ever wrote, which were
found by his bedside, were these : " And
his heart throbbed with an infinite peace."
In which of his works do these words occur ?
FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.
8, Tottenham Place, Clifton.
[Not correctly quoted, but from the latest sheets
of ' Denis Duval.j
BOWLES'S ' HUNDRED OF PEN WITH.' — I
should be very grateful indeed to any owner
of Bowles's ' Short Account of the Hundred
of Penwith' (1805) who would be kind
enough to lend me this scarce volume. I
am writing a history of the parishes of
Phil lack and Gwithian, and desire to refer
to the above work.
J. HAMBLEY ROWE, M.B.
88, Horton Grange Road, .Bradford,
SONGS OF THE PEASANTRY. — Have any
readers heard old servants, gardeners,
labourers, and others singing songs remem-
bered from youthful days ? I began to
collect such songs twenty years ago, and have
been the means of saving many a gem
from being forgotten. I am about to
publish another book of songs of the
peasantry, and shall feel obliged if any
reader will contribute to it, naming the
binger and place where obtained. Acknow-
ledgment will be made. Songs lately
published are not desired. Dialect or
ordinary English words may be sent, and
the name of the tune or a rough copy of the
melody should be given. Songs of love-
struck swains, dialogues between lovers,
liumorous incidents in life, carols, ballads,
48
NOTES AND QUERIES. fu s. IIL JAN. 21, 1911.
heroic deeds, and love of animals, flowers,
and country scenes are the topics that I
have in mind. Any help in my quest
will be gratefully received.
JOHN GBAHAM,
Editor of Dialect Songs, Morris Dances, &c.
74, Park Hall Road, East Finchley, N.
' A VOICE FROM THE BUSH.' — I am very
anxious to obtain a copy of a poem called
' A Voice from the Bush.' I was told it
was by Lindsay Gordon, but have been
unable to find it. Could you tell me where
it is to be found, or who is the author ?
MARGARET LAWRENCE.
The Lawn, Windsor Road, Chorley, Lanes.
AMERICAN WORDS AND PHRASES. — I con-
clude from 10 S. xi. 469 ; xii. 107 ; 11 S. ii.
67, my list of words and phrases in American
papers : —
Read out. — This means to turn a man out of a
political party, the allusion being to a kind of
excommunication. Was there ever among the
Independents or others an actual " reading "
of a person out of the society ?
Squab boat. — What was this ? In 1800 I read
of a " squab boat skipper."
Stansberry reproof. — Who was Stansberry ? One
man (1839) is determined to give another this
kind of reproof, apparently a pistol-shot.
Stifel. — A horse is said (1798) to be " narrow
across the stifel." This looks mightily like a
Holland word, but I do not find it in the Dutch
dictionary.
Stocking feet, i.e., feet without shoes. Is this
expression Scottish ?
Toe the mark. — Are there any English examples
before 1819 ?
Tunket.— What is this ? The phrase " as cold
as a tunket " occurs in 1847.
Tussey boys. — What were they ? In 1838 Mr
Bynum of North Carolina used the phrase in
Congress.
Unterrified, the. — Who first applied this term
to the Democratic party ?
Vicksburger. — This was (1836) a large hat. Was
there a factory of such hats at Vicksburg ?
WThitehead. — To do a thing like a whitehead was
(about 1830) to do it thoroughly. W7hat is th
allusion ?
Whitewash. — Are there English examples of this
verb in a figurative sense before 1762 ? In thai
year The Boston Evening Post alludes to a man
" lately whitewashed (taken the benefit of th
Bankrupt Act)." And in 1800 it means to
cleanse a character superficially.
irork waggon. — WTas this a waggon made a1
York in Pennsylvania ?
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
6 THE FLYING DUTCHMAN.' — I wish to
.earn the name of the author of the verses-
entitled * The Flying Dutchman,' beginning
Before the screaming hurricane, the Dutchman
pitched and rolled ;
She staggered along to the storm's wild song
And buried her decks the seas among,
Till the dawn brake bitterly cold.
Where may they be found ? C. B,
AUTHORS or QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Who was the author of a piece of poetry in
which the last line of every verse runs some-
what as follows ?
0, never question curiously.
The last verse is somewhat as follows : —
I charge you, ye impassioned few,
If the white swanwing comes to you,
What is to you the whence or how ?
Be happy in the blissful now ;
Accept the light that glads thy brow,
And never question curiously.
N. u. a
Midway the road of our life's term they met,
And one another knew without surprise,
Nor cared that beauty stood in mutual eyes,
Nor at their tardy meeting nursed regret
C. L. H.
A touch of the sun for pardon,
The song of a bird for mirth ;
We are nearer God's heart in the garden
Than anywhere else on the earth.
W. W. K.
HARTLEY WINTNEY, HANTS : PRIORESS
MARTYN'S MONUMENT. — The will of Eliza-
beth Martyn, " sometime prioress of Wynt-
ney," dated 24 July, 1584, and proved in the
Peculiar Court of the Dean of Sarum
(Register iv. fo. 147), directs that her body
should be buried in the chancel of Hartley
Wintney, and contains the following
clause : —
" I would that a stone should be layde over
my grave wth a picture of a plate of a woman
in a long garment wth wyde sieves hir handes
ioyned together holdinge uppon her brest and
figured over her hedd In te domine speraui non
confundor in seternum In justicia tua libera me
et salua me I woulde that an herse shoulde be
standinge over my grave by the space of an whole
yere couerued ouer wth black cotten wth a cross of
white fusty on."
A sum of 10?. is left for conveying the body
from Okingham.
Can any one say if these directions were
carried out ? F. J. POPE.
17, Holland Road, W.
us. in. JAN. 2i, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
49
ANDBEW LANG ON THE ODYSSEY. — Some
fifteen years ago, about Christmastime, there
was an article by Mr. Andrew Lang in some
well-known illustrated paper, consisting of a
review of the Odyssey, at its first publication,
by the Theates of Chios. What is the refer-
ence to this article ? W. WALLAS.
PHIPPS on PHIP FAMILY. — I have made
a large collection of notes on persons of the
name of Phipps and Phip of nearly every
county in England, of Ireland, the West
Indies, and of New England. It includes
abstracts of many P. wills dating from
1521 to 1810, which I propose to get printed.
I shall be glad to get more notes from old
registers or documents, and to correspond
with any one interested. I want especially
to know more of the P. family of Notting-
ham (and perhaps of Derbyshire) before
1600. Robert P. of St. Nicholas, Notting-
ham (described as gentleman in his son's
marriage licence), married, 1574, Isabel
Brounley, and had sons George, William,
Anthony. An administration was granted
in 1615 to George P. of Robert P. " nuper
de Baker, Notts," a place now unknown.
George P. was of Edwalton, near Notting-
ham, and married, 1606, Ann, dau. of
William Elliott of Stoke, and widow of John
Power of Edwalton. I cannot find his will.
In 1616 an administration P.C.C. was
granted to Ann, widow of George P. of Ufnng-
ton, Lincoln.
Of George's children Francis, Caleb, Ann,
Judith, the eldest Francis went to Reading
about 1630, and owned " The Bear Inn "
there ; he was imprisoned in Windsor Castle
by the Parliamentarians. He married pro-
bably three times, and by his second wife
Anne, dau. of Sharpe of Cirencester
(who left a will which I cannot find), had
among others a son Capt. James P. of St.
Kitts, West Indies, who continued my line
there, and was killed in 1689 by the French
during the siege. Another son was Sir Con-
stantine P., an ancestor of the Mulgraves
(see Crisp, vol. Notes).
I know a good deal about the families of
Ecclesfield (York), of Oxford and Herts, of
Warwick, and of Wilts.
What is the authority for the statement
that a Col. William P. of Lincoln raised a
regiment of horse for King Charles I. ?
He was not the ancestor of Sir Constantino
P., as Burke used to say. George P. of
Ecclesfield, writing about 1740 to one of Sir
Constantino's family, says that these two
families had been confused, but then him-
self confuses them. He says also that a Col.
P. was with Sir Francis Wortley when he
drove Hotham into Hull.
The name is spelt in fifty different ways,
but in only one case have I found any sign of
Phipps coming from Phillips.
I think I have a clue to the family of Sir
William P., Governor of New England.
Communications should be addressed to
R.A. Mess, Ferozepore, India.
H. R. PHIPPS, Major R.F.A.
LONDON GUNSMITHS AND THEIB WOKK. — •
Is there any book of reference or monograph
dealing with this subject ? I have collected
the names of upwards of fifty makers who
produced firearms during the eighteenth
century and the first half of the nineteenth,
but with rare exceptions I can learn nothing
about the individuals or firms. In many
cases makers seem to have collaborated,
one firm's name appearing on the barrel,
while another's is engraved on the locks,
but more often the names are the same on
both.
Amongst the names which I have found
engraved on examples of the period referred
to are : —
1. On Early eighteenth-century work. — Hosey,
John. Rowland, R. Tourney, John.
2. Middle eighteenth- century. — Cahtman. Col-
lumbell. Diemar. Hadley, H. Hudson, Thos,
Mackenzie, D. Segallas. Shruder, James. Tur-
Vey, \V.
3. Late eighteenth-century. Baker. Barbar.
Barker. Bayr, Thos. Bidet. Davis, T. Griffin
(Bond Street). Griffin & Tow. Harman, John.
Huhnstock, A. Kolbe. Knubley. Nock. Nock, H.
Parkes. Tanner. Tatham. Tatham & Egg.
4. Early nineteenth-century. — Baker. Baker, E.
Baker, Ezekiel. Baker, E., & Sons. Bate.
Bates. Brown, E. (Strand). Brunn, S. (55,
Charing Cross). Buresch, F. A. Clark (Holborn).
Dupe & Co. Egg, D. Egg, Joseph (1, Picca-
dilly). Gills. Manton. Manton, Joseph. Mor-
timer, R. W. Mortimer, W. H. Mosely.
Standenmayne or Staiidenmayer (this name
appears in both forms).
Certain Silversmiths seem to have special-
ized in making mounts, trigger-guards, &c.,
for gunsmiths. Three of these whose work
recurs frequently were Mark Bock (Shoe
Lane), Jeremiah or Jeconiah Ashley (Green
Street), and John King. Some information
regarding these is found in Jackson's
' English Goldsmiths and their W°rk-'.
The same names reappear in different
combinations, but the above are the most
common. Baker, whose name occurs most
frequently, was the maker of the first rifled
weapon adopted by the British Army, as
when the 95th Regiment was constituted
as a rifle corps it was armed with a " rifled
50
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. j.«. 21, 1911.
musket," invented and manufactured by
this Baker.
The names of the two Manton brothers,
John and Joseph, appear more rarely, and
generally on sporting firearms, although
pistols are occasionally found with the name.
The biography of these two is in the
' D.N.B.,' from which it appears that " Joe
Manton," in spite of his great repute,
became insolvent in 1826. John Manton's
shop was in Dover Street.
Joseph Egg had a shop at 1, Piccadilly,
and his address is sometimes found engraved
on his productions. D. Egg (whose Christian
name was Durward, although I have never
seen it on any of his numerous weapons)
was specially noted for making pistols, but
he seems also to have made a type of fowling-
piece which has been recently introduced
again, in which the barrels are placed
vertically above each other.
Information regarding any of the names
mentioned in the foregoing list will be received
with interest. Please reply direct.
E. RODGEB.
Western Club, Glasgow.
SPEAKER'S CHAIR OF THE OLD
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
(11 S. ii. 128, 177, 218, 331.)
MY attention has been called by Mr. E.
Wilson Dobbs of this city to the articles
at the first three references relative to the
Speaker's Chair of the House of Commons
during Sir Charles Manners-Sutton's Speaker-
ship. His son, the second Viscount Canter-
bury, presented to the Parliament of Victoria,
of which colony he was Governor, a chair
bearing the following inscription : —
" The Speaker's chair : first House of Commons
elected under Reform Act of 1832 — Assembled
January 29, 1833 ; dissolved December 30, 1834
— The Right Honble. Sir Charles Manners Sutton.
0.C.B., ' Speaker ' — Presented by his son, Vis:
count Canterbury, G.C.M.G., and K.C.B., to the
Legislative Assembly of Victoria."
The State of Victoria having lent its
Parliament House to the Parliament of the
Commonwealth while the latter is in Mel-
bourne, the chair "is now in my charge.
The chair was apparently sent from London
after Lord Canterbury had retired, as
appears from a letter from him to the
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, dated
12 June, 1873, and appearing in the Vic-
torian ' Hansard ' of 30 July, 1873, p. 892.
This appears to be the same chair mentioned
by MB. JOHN ROBINSON, and yet the fact of
its presentation would seem to show that it
never left the possession of the Manners-
Sutton family. ABTHUB WADSWOBTH,
Librarian, Parliament of the
Commonwealth.
Melbourne.
GAMNECOTJBT IN PICABDY : BABBABA DE
BIEBLE (US. ii. 429, 512). — The statement
made at the latter reference by SCOTUS
as to the marriage of John Erskine of Dun,
the Superintendent, to a third wife, Margaret
Keith, is hardly correct. There is no doubt
that John Erskine married first Elizabeth
Lindsay, daughter of David, fifth Earl of
Crawford. She was contracted to him on
20 December, 1522, he being then under
fourteen (Fifth Report Hist. MSS. Comm.,
639) ; and she was his wife when she died
on 29 July, 1538 (' Spalding Club Misc.,'
iv. Pref. Ixvii). He married secondly
Barbara de Bierle, as is proved by a charter
of 20 September, 1543, granted by Sir
Thomas Erskine of Kirkbuddo " nepoti
meo Johanni Erskine de Dwne et Barbara
de Beirle ejus conjugi." She died at Mont-
rose, 15 November, 1572. John Erskine
died 22 March, 1589/90 (ibid,). The
' D.N.B.' wrongly quotes the ' Spalding Club
Miscellany ' as authority for the date
17 June, 1591.
By his first wife Erskine left two sons, John
and Robert, and a daughter Margaret,
married to Patrick Maule of Panmure with
issue, inter olios, two daughters, who both
married great-grandsons of the Superinten-
dent. John, the latter's eldest son, died
vita patris without issue ; the second son
Robert married Catherine Graham, and died
in 1590, leaving with other children an eldest
son John, who married Agnes Ogilvy, and
died the year after his father in 1591 : he
left, besides two sons, David and Arthur,
who married the Maule ladies above men-
tioned, an eldest son John. It was he, and
not his great-grandfather, who married
Margaret Keith. The genealogy no doubt
is somewhat confusing, owing to the fact
that three lairds died in three successive
years. But the succession is proved in
many ways ; it is only necessary to mention
here a charter of 21 October, 1588, by which
Robert Erskine, fiar of Dun, with consent
of John Erskine of Dun his father (the
Superintendent) and John Erskine of Logie
son of the former, granted certain lands to
n s. IIL JAN. 21, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
51
Margaret Keith, daughter of Robert, Lord
Altrie, and John Erskine, son and apparent
heir of John Erskine of Logie, her future
spouse.
Their marriage contract is dated at Dun
25 August, 1588. After the death of her
husband, Margaret Keith married secondly
Sir John Lindsay of Ballinscho, third son of
David, tenth Earl of Crawford. Their
marriage contract was dated 26 May, 1599.
She died in January, 1602. J. B. P.
I am not primarily concerned as to the
marriage of Barbara de Bierle to John
Erskine in 1543, for I supposed it to be a
well - known fact. I do not know whether
any attempt has been made to demonstrate
it in detail, but the following excerpts from
the ' Reg. Mag. Sig. Scotire ' seem to be fairly
conclusive : —
" 8th October, 1543. Confirmation of Charter
of Sir Thomas Erskine of the lands of Kirkbuddo
to his nephew John Erskine of Dun and Barbara
de Bierle his wife."
" 12tlr*? January, 1571/2. Confirmation of
Charter of John Erskine of Dun, who with the
consent of Barbara de Bierle his wife, part owner
of the lands, granted; to John Erskine, son of the
said John and Barbara, the lands of Kirkbuddo."
" 18th August, 1585. Confirmation of Charter
to John Erskine junior, ' filio Johannis Erskine
de Dun inter eum et quondam Barbaram de
Beirlie ejus uxorem genito.' "
Barbara died 15 November, 1572.
As regards the former marriage of John
Erskine, the following excerpt from the
' R.M.S. Scotise ' is under date 20 October,
1535 :—
"Precept of Saisine in favour of John Erskine
of Dun and Lady Elizabeth Lindsay his wife by
David, Earl of Crawford."
Who was her brother ? She died 29 July
1638.
In the records known as Registrum de
Panmure appears : —
" Patrick Maule married 1562 withe Margaret
Erskine, daughter to Sir Jhone Erskine of Dune
Superintendant of Angus, and Barbara de Bierle
ane Frenchwoman borne in Picardie, dauchter
of the Lord of Gamnecourt quha came in Scotland
withe Marie de Lorraine, Queene Regent. His
wife died 1599. He wes, as his father and for
bears, mikil gewine to haukine and hountaine
and newir did want for that effect haukes anc
dogges. He died 1605."
I am moreover informed that the chartei
chest of the descendants in the male line
of the second marriage referred to abov
contains at least a dozen writs specifying
Barbara as the spouse of John Erskine, anc
carrying in some cases her signature anc
seal. W. C. J.
" LOVE ME, LOVE MY DOG " (11 S. ii.
>22). — It is pleasant indeed to read the
cholarly and humane contribution of MB.
3uBBY on the subject of " Love me, love
iy dog " ; his heait must be as that of the
Indian who
Thinks, admitted to an equal sky,
His faithful dog shall bear him company,
and will maintain with scrupulous sincerity
:hat man's greatest companion is unques-
ionably the dog. Often have I pondered
why Sterne should have used such beautiful
English over a donkey rather than a dog.
3ut I wish to add to MB. CUBBY'S notes the
fact that the proverbs in Camden's ' Re-
maines ' are not the earliest in our litera-
ture, because I have in mind John Hey-
wood's ' Proverbes,' first printed in 1546,
and in that collection appears
[s that ye haue bene so veraie a hog
To my freendis. What man, loue me, loue my dog.
Earlier again than Camden is the use made
of the proverb by George Chapman (1612)
in his comedy ' The Widdowes Teares.' Sir
Thomas More reminds us " Whosoever
loveth me, loveth my hound." By the way,
what a peculiar play on the proverb is the
French rendering " Who loves Jack loves
his dog " (" Qui aime Jean aime son chien ") !
S. W. MAY.
Liverpool.
MB. CUBBY is perfectly correct regarding the
unrelieved aversion and disgust of the early
Hebrews for dogs, despite their humani-
tarian consideration for the animal kingdom
in general. To the Hebrews, as to the
Greeks, man alone was worthy of the highest
admiration ; so that such a dictum as " Love
me, love my dog," was hardly compatible
with their philosophy. Still, the dog must
have won some measure of good treatment,
even from that primitive people, when one
of its leading men was named Caleb = dog.
A passage in Theocritus, where the ferocity
of dogs is held in quite as much abhorrence
as it is in the Scriptures, is noteworthy.
The poet enjoins Polyphemus " to keep a
sharp eye on his dog lest he leap up and
rend Galatea's fair flesh " : —
rj ras TratSos «ri Kva/xatertv opovcnj
Kara 8f oa KO.\OV d
This may be paralleled by a story told in
Tractate Sabbath 63. The good citizens
and others used to breed a species of mastiff,
called by the Rabbins "a caleb rong" or "bad
dog," to warn off vagrants and intruders.
They were the terror of the neighbourhood ;
and on one occasion, say the doctors of the
52
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
Talmud, a woman on her way to the public
bakeries, being barked at by one of these
brutes, was seized with premature labour.
Hence arose the saying " Whoso harbours a
ferocious dog mars the happiness of the home-
stead " ; a proverb which Rashi interprets
to mean " dogs drive away wandering
minstrels and poor scholars, whose presence
in the home is a source of joy." And here
let me put on record an obvious textual
corruption or misreading. The Gemarists
derive that aphorism from Job vi. 14, and
then proceed to add " the Greeks call a dog
lomas," meaning, of course, Av/<vs=wolf.
Are wolves tamable ? Can they be used
as watchdogs ? The point is worth finding
out.
To what extent in later times Jews made
dogs companions in the home it is difficult
to state positively, iinless this passage in the
Mischna implies it: "It is forbidden to
take out dogs on the Sabbath for exercise."
Still, the animal must have advanced in
social favour when we read in Horioth 13
that " a dog knows its owner always ; a
cat never." The dog never rose to the
dignity reached by the ox or the horse :
" Among beasts, the ox ; over birds, chanti-
cleer, is king " (Baba Kama 86). Love of
animals generally is shown in two citations :
" Sit not down to meals until your beast be
fed " (Berachoth 39). " Animals should be
fed at certain intervals, according to their
habits" (Sanhedrin 21).
M. L. R. BBESLAB.
Percy House, South Hackney.
When Sir Walter Scott writes of the dog
or the horse, he invariably illustrates his
own warm predilection and his unique
experience. It may not be amiss to supple-
ment MB. CUBBY'S apposite reference by
recalling the notable tribute paid to the
sagacity of the dog in connexion with the
episode of King Richard's banner which is
vividly delineated in ' The Talisman.' In
chap. xxiv. the king's eulogy, prompted by
Roswal's detection of Conra'de, rests on the
novelist's creed : —
" Recollect that the Almighty, who gave the
dog to be companion of our pleasures and our
toils, hath invested him with a nature noble and
incapable of deceit. He forgets neither friend
nor foe — remembers, and with accuracy, both
benefit and injury. He hath a share of man's
intelligence, but no share of man's falsehood.
You may bribe a soldier to slay a man with his
sword, or a witness to take life by false accusation ;
but you cannot make a hound tear his benefactor
— he is the friend of man, save when man justly
mcurs his enmity."
See also the touching ' Hellvellyn,' giving
the story of the youth who perished on the
mountain-side, with only his devoted terrier
to witness his passing : —
Nor yet quite deserted, though lonely extended,
For, faithful in death, his mute favourite attended,
The much-loved remains of her master defended,
And. chased the hill-fox and the raven away.
THOMAS BAYNE.
Why does MB. CUBBY say that the
authority of Homer, in allowing a dog to
live for 20 years, is against that of Aristotle ?
Aristotle's opinion is clearly in favour of
Homer. After stating the length of life of the
Laconian dog, he says : —
" Other dogs live, most for about 14 or 15 years*
some even 20 ; wherefore some think that Homer
was correct when in his poetry he made the dog
of Ulysses die in its twentieth year." — ' De
Animalibus Hist.,' vi. 21. 4.
WEBNEBINA.
DB. JOHNSON IN THE HUNTING FIELD
(11 S. ii. 525).— The extract from The
Periodical comes originally from ' Anec-
dotes of Dr. Johnson, by Mrs. Piozzi '
(first published in 1785), to be found in
* Johnsoniana ; or, Supplement to Boswell,'
1836, Anecdote 99, p. 66. The writer
interpolates some comments, and alters the
original text, i.e., if the original is given in
' Johnsoniana,' where the first part of the
anecdote is : —
" He certainly rode on Mr. [not " Mrs."]
Thrale's old hunter with a good firmness, and
though he would follow the hounds fifty miles
an [not " on "] end sometimes, would never own
himself either tired or amused."
The last few lines should not be omitted : —
" He was however proud to be amongst the
sportsmen ; and I think no praise ever went so
close to his heart, as when Mr. Hamilton called
out one day upon Brighthelmstone Downs,
' Why, Johnson rides as well, for aught I see,
as the most illiterate fellow in England.' "
A foot-note says : —
" Mr. Boswell says, that Johnson once hunted ;
this seems more probable than Mrs. Piozzi's
and Hawkins's statements, from which it would
be inferred that he hunted habitually."
Anecdote 606, on a page (397) headed
" Kearsley. — Boothby," is as follows : —
" Being asked his opinion of hunting, he said,
' It was the labour of the savages of North Ame-
rica, but the amusement of the gentlemen of
England.' "
In Anecdote 657 (apparently one of
Ooker's), pp. 427-8, Johnson says that
pleasure is derived from hunting " because
man feels his vacuity less in action than
when at rest." ROBEBT PIEBPOINT.
ii s. in. JAN. 21, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
WET HAY (11 S. ii. 469, 535).— It will
probably surprise many, and especially all
such as have a kindly regard for the dog as the
friend of man, to hear that " wet hay, rather
than dry hay, is the ordinary furnishing
of a dog-kennel." Their astonishment will
be intensified when they learn further that
the treatment of a noble animal implied in
this statement is deliberate and habitual.
" Exposure to moist atmosphere," we are
told, " will soon render hay damp enough.
It is not very often renewed, being con-
sidered good enough for a dog." One
wonders what will be thought of state-
ments of this kind by owners and keepers,
from the shepherd with his collie and the
collier with hip, lurcher to the lady who
pampers her lapdog and the managers of such
kennels as those of the Beaufort and Quorn
hunts. Those .unfamiliar with the dog and
his ways may overlook the fact that he is
delicate as well as faithful and energetic, and
that rheumatism is one of the troubles
that would inevitably disable him if he were
constantly doomed to rest on damp hay.
THOMAS BAYNE.
SIR LYONELL GUEST (11 S. ii. 509).—
He was the only son of Alexander Guest of
Tewkesbury by Margery, dau. of John
Meredeth of Upper Weld, Bucks, and came
to Ireland as a captain in the Army about
1595. He m. 1st Elizabeth, dau. and heir of
Simon Love of Northamptonshire, by whom
he had an only dau. Elizabeth, who m.
Edward Rondell of London. He m. 2ndly
Elinor, widow of David O'Duda of Castle
Connor, co. Sligo, dau. of Patrick Lynch
of The Knock, co. Meath. He died about
1620. His widow m. Srdly Capt. William
May ; 4thly (as 2nd wife), Capt. Lisagh
O'Connor of Leixlip ; and 5thly (as 2nd
wife) Gerald Fitz Gerald of Gla'ssealy, co.
Kildare. G. D. B.
EUSEBY CLEAVER, ARCHBISHOP OF DUBLIN
(11 S. ii. 489). — Archbishop Cleaver married
Catherine, daughter of the Right Hon.
Owen Wynne, M.P., of Hazlewood, co.
Sligo, by the Hon. Anne Maxwell, daughter
of John, 1st Lord Farnham, and sister of
Robert, Earl of Farnham. The prerogative
marriage licence between Euseby Cleaver
of Dublin, D.D., and Catherine Wynne of
St. Michan's, Dublin, is dated 28 April, 1788.
Brady (' Records of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross,'
iii. 81) says they were married in May.
The marriage almost certainly took place at
St. Michan's. HENRY B. SWANZY.
[L. A YV. also thanked for reply.]
WILLIAM FITZGERALD (11 S. ii. 489)
was eldest son of John F., Dean of Cork.
He entered T.C.D. 22 June, 1660, aged 17
(Brady's ' Cork '). HENRY B. SWANZY.
ROGERSON COTTER (11 S. ii. 489).—
Rogerson Cotter, son of Sir J. Cotter, and
Fellow of Trin. Coll., Cambridge, was called
to the Irish Bar in Trinity Term, 1773.
If G. F. R. B. cares to communicate with
me, I can supply him with further particulars
concerning John and Joseph Nixon than are
given in * Alumni West.'
HENRY B. SWANZY.
The Rectory, Omeath, co. Louth.
JOHN COSTON IN ST. BOTOLPH'S, ALDERS-
GATE (11 S. ii. 485). — It may not be out of
place to give a copy of the inscription
which stood on the " S. side of the entrance
to the Chancel " in St. Botolph's Church in
1708 :—
Pars Terrestris
Joannis Coston, Registrar!! sedis Archiepisco-
palis Cantuar. Principalis Amceq: Curias Cant,
de ArcubusLond.procuratorum generalium unius.
Sexaginta Annos cum multa pietate & probitate
sub polo prajtergressus 3 Julii 1614. Animam
effavit. Relictis Simone & Anna, filio & filia
unicis in Sacros Cineres redact, sub pedibus diem
Novemb. expectat. — 'A New View of London/
vol. i. (1708) p. 160.
The inscription was on a marble monu-
ment with " Scelletons Heads," and the arms
were carved in " Basso releivo."
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
NOTTINGHAM MONASTERY NOT IN DUGDALE
(11 S. ii. 468). — The passage referred to is
evidently the following : —
" Titulus Ecclesie Sancte Trinitatis de Notyng-
ham. Anima ejus et anime omnium ndelium
defunctorum requiescant in pace. Amen. Orate
pro nostris Hugone (pr.), Lamberto (pr.), Walterio
(mo.), Radulfo (mo.), Willielmo (mo.), Roberto
(mo.), Walterio (mo.), et pro ceteris."
The reviewer uses the term " a founda-
tion." S.
My inquiry on this subject has been
courteously replied to direct by a gentle-
man connected with the Public Record
Office. It incidentally appears that (as
I had previously surmised) the reviewer I
quoted had not unnaturally arrived at an
erroneous conclusion. The text of the
French roll of circa 1120 refers to the
" Church of the Holy Trinity of Notting-
ham." We have, however, parallel evi-
dences testifying that this was but an early
appellation of the great priory, of like dedica-
tion, at Lenton, on the confines of the
NOTES AND QUERIES- [11 s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
ancient borough, which it spiritually
dominated. The inmates are further styled,
in the earliest existing Pipe Roll, circa 1130,
"'monks of Nottingham" — a passage that
puzzled our old-time local historians.
A. STAPLETON.
DEFOE METHODIST CHAPEL, TOOTING (11 S.
ii. 505). — Daniel Defoe died on 24 April,
1731, in the parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate,
in which he was born. He was buried in the
old Nonconformist burying-ground in Bun-
hill Fields. The inscription on his monu-
ment reads as follows : —
Daniel De Foe
Born 1661
Died 1731
Author of Robinson Crusoe.
This monument is the result of an appeal in
The Christian World newspaper to the boys and
girls of England for funds to place a suitable
memorial upon the grave of
Daniel De Foe.
It represents the united contributions of seven-
teen hundred persons.
September 1870.
HENRY TAYLOR.
Birklands, Birkdale, Lancashire.
Defoe was buried in Bunhill Fields,
where exists a memorial over his grave
(see 8 S. iii. 37). This obelisk replaced the
original gravestone, which, according to an
engraving in The Illustrated London News
of 23 October, 1869, was thus inscribed :—
Daniel Defoe
author of
Robinson Crusoe
who died April 24, 1731
in his 70th year.
An engraving of the present memorial
appeared in The Illustrated Times of 1 Octo-
ber, 1870. JOHN T. PAGE.
According to The Balham and Tooting News
of 24 December, 1910 :—
" The secularization of the Primitive Methodist
Chapel at Tooting, formerly in the hands of the
Independents or Congregationalists, has revived a
number of absurd legends about Daniel Defoe's
association with Tooting .... The cold truth is
that Defoe was interred in Bunhill Fields Burial-
Ground, Finsbury."
L. L. K.
[DIEGO and MR. ALAN STEWART also thanked for
replies.]
REV. F. W. FABER (11 S. ii. 489).— Faber'
was buried, I think, at the Oratorians' villa
at Sydenham. I believe I have seen his
tablet there, but am not sure.
G. W. E. RUSSELL.
NAPOLEON AND THE LITTLE RED MAN
(11 S. ii. 447, 511).— For the full story of
which that given at the latter reference is
apparently an abbreviation see The Gentle-
man's Magazine of 1815, part i. pp. 122-3, or
" The Gentleman's Magazine Library,"
edited by G. L. Gomme, ' English Traditional
Lore,' &c., 1885, p. 202 et seq. The article
is signed " Gulielmus."
The man who overheard what took place
between Buonaparte and the Red Man was,
according to Gulielmus, Count Mole (not
Mole). He is described as " then counsellor
of State, and since made Grand Judge of the
Empire." ROBERT PIERPOINT.
In Heine's ' Deutschland, ein Winter-
marchen,' written in January, 1844, is an
interesting reference to the story of the Red
Man. The passage occurs at the beginning of
" Kaput VI." :—
Den Paganini begleitete stets
Ein Spiritus Familiaris,
Manchmal als Hund, manchmal in gestalt
Des seligen Georg Harrys.
Napoleon sah einen roten Mann
Vorjedem ivicht 'gen Ereignis.
Sokrates hatte seinen Damon,
Das war kein Hirnerzeugnis. "
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
COUNT OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
(11 S. ii. 509). — The Holy Roman Empire
ceased to exist in 1806, when Francis II. of
Austria resigned his right to the crown of
Augustus. See Bryce's ' Holy Roman
Empire,' Oxford, 1864, p. 153. Those who
still claim to be Counts of the Holy Roman
Empire can only do so on the ground of
direct descent from families holding the
title previous to 1806, and also as possessing
in hereditary succession lands and heritages
formerly embraced within the limits of the
Holy Roman Empire. W. S. S.
A Count of the Holy Roman Empire,
who was formerly only subject to the
imperial Government is now called " Reichs-
graf," and is addressed as "Erlaucht." The
chiefs of these families, called " die Haupter
der ehemals reichsstandischen graflichen
Familien," have a high rank at the Prussian
Court as well as at the other German Courts.
At the Prussian Court they have a lower
rank than the Knights of the Order of the
Black Eagle, the Cardinals, and the chiefs
of the princely families (" die Haupter der
fiirstlichen Familien"), but come before
the vice-presidents of the Ministries of State.
Of the above-mentioned families that of the
ii s. in. JAN. 21, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
55
Duke of Arenberg takes the highest rank.
All the civil persons named above have a
higher rank than a general, but a lower one
than a field-marshal. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
[MR. HOLDEN MAcMicuAEL also thanked for reply.]
EMINENT LIBRARIANS : J. G. COGSWELL
(11 S. ii. 489, 538; iii. 13).— Joseph Green
Cogswell, the original librarian of the Astor
Library, New York City, brought to this
country the first copy of Shakespeare's First
Folio, which he purchased for the Library in
1849 at the now enviable price of 161.
It may not be amiss to say here that in
1895 the Astor and Lenox Libraries, both of
which had received additional large endow-
ments from the families of their respective
founders, were consolidated with the Tilden
Trust — which possessed a fund of over two
million dollars — to form the present New
York Public Library. The great building,
for its main occupancy is not yet completed,
and the Astor and Lenox branches are still
in their original homes. The number of
volumes possessed by the consolidated
libraries is considerably over a million and a
quarter, not counting more than a quarter
million of pamphlets. M. C. L.
New York.
A " memorial " volume of Cogsw'ell's life
and labours was written by Anna E. Ticknor,
and privately printed at Boston, Massachu-
setts, in 1874. JOHN T. LOOMIS.
Washington, D.C.
PAUPER'S BADGE (US. ii. 487). — It may
perhaps be worth remembering that Edie
Ochiltree, the old beggarman in Scott's
* Antiquary,' is introduced to the reader as
wearing a long blue gown with a pewter
badge on the right arm. This appears to
have been the usual outward adornment of
blue-gown beggars in Scotland towards the
close of the eighteenth century. Originally
known as " King's Bedesmen," they de-
generated in course of time into a class of
recognized mendicants. On the king's birth-
day each bedesman received a gown or cloak
of blue cloth. He also wore a large pewter
badge, fastened to the breast of the gown,
containing the bearer's name, together
with the inscription " Pass and Repass."
At Dundee in 1892 was exhibited, among a
number of archaeological and historical
articles, a " Dundee beggar's badge," the
property of a local gentleman. Every
king's birthday a new bedesman was added
to the number, but this practice was dis-
continued in 1833, at which period there were
sixty on the roll. In 1860 the number
had diminished to one. It will be observed
that the Scottish differed from the English
badge required under the Act of William III.
SCOTUS.
CHARLES FREDERICK HENNINGSEN AND
KOSSUTH (11 S. ii. 510). — There is a short
account of Henningsen in Appleton's
' Cyclopaedia of American Biography.' He
is there stated to have been born in England
of Swedish parents in 1815, and to have died
in Washington in 1877. According to the
same authority he joined the Carlist army
in 1834 and rose to the rank of colonel,
served in the Russian army in Circassia, was
with Kossuth in the Hungarian revolution,
and went to the United States to represent
Hungarian interests, was a brigadier-general
under the filibustering president Walker
of Nicaragua, and, finally, a brigadier-
general in the Confederate army. He is said
to have been an able artillerist, and to have
devoted much attention to improvements
in small arms. The titles of several of his
published works are given.
EDWARD BENSLY.
Henningsen seems to have been a soldier
of fortune. His first published work was
a book of poetry, ' The Last of the Sophis,'
issued by Longman in 1830. In 1831 he
published through the same firm * Scenes
from the Belgian Revolution.' The title
implies some participation in Belgian affairs.
Then comes the work by which he is, on the
whole, best known, ' The Most Striking
Events of a Twelvemonth's Campaign with
Zumalacarregui in Navarre and the Basque
Provinces,' by C. F. Henningsen, " Captain
of Lancers in the service of Don Carlos,"
2 vols., Murray, 1836. The book is the best
account we have of the heroic chieftain,
whose fall sounded the death-knell of Carlist
hopes in Spain. Subsequently Henning-
sen seems to have betaken himself to
Hungary, where he served under Kossuth.
W. SCOTT.
" KEEP WITHIN COMPASS," TAVERN SIGN
(11 S. ii. 505).— In the village of West
Haddon, Northamptonshire, there is an
inn known as " The Compass." Up till about
1860 the following words were displayed
beneath the sign : —
Keep within Compass,
And then you '11 be sure
To avoid many troubles
That others endure.
JOHN T. PAGE.
56
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. JAN. 21, 1911.
"OLD COCK o' WAX" (11 S. ii. 528).—
This expression had no political meaning.
In the ' Slang Dictionary ' by Sampson
(Pendragon of The Referee] the expression
is " cock-a-wax," and is denned as "an
amplification of the simple term ' Cock,'
sometimes ' Lad of Wax,' originally applied
to a cobbler, but now general." Every one
must have heard the expression " old cocky-
wax," often so pronounced and written.
HARRY B. POLAND.
[MB. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL and SCOTUS also
thanked for replies.]
LEAKE AND MARTIN-LEAKE FAMILIES
(11 S. ii. 528).— Stephen Martin-Leakc,
Garter King-of-Arms, had a family of six
sons and three daughters. Burke's ' Landed
Gentry ' omits the names of the children,
except that of the eldest son. Sarah Martin-
Leake was probably the Garter King's
daughter. The dates in the query seem to
preclude the possibility of any other relation-
ship. W. S. S.
See 8 S. vi. 281 ; ix. 323, 463.
JOHN T. PAGE.
'TiT FOR TAT,' AMERICAN NOVEL (US.
ii. 489). — About the middle of the last cen-
tury Hurst & Blackett published a novel
in three volumes entitled ' Tit for Tat.'
The author was Mrs. M. E. Smith, about
whom nothing seems to be known, except
that another novel, published about 1850,
stands against her name. I am by no means
certain that Mrs. M. E. Smith's ' Tit for Tat
is the novel referred to in the query. More
than one ' Tit for Tat ' was put before the
public during last century. Several lady
authors named Smith appear in the pages
of Allibone, but he does not seem to have
been acquainted with the writings of Mrs
M. E. Smith. W. SCOTT.
" WINCHESTER QUART " : " CORBYN "
" CHOPIN " (11 S. ii. 405, 495).— I have been
familiar with the first two terms for thi
whole of my business life, but have sough
in vain for an explanation of them. There
can be no doubt, I think, that " Corbyn '
is transferred from the firm of that nam<
already referred to. The querist spoke of
" Winchester quart " as indicating a bottle
of the capacity of eighty -two ounces.
Whatever may have been the case originally,
the bottles now so called are of variable
capacity, and have been so for as long as I
can remember. A customer will order from
his wholesale house a large or a small "Win-
chester," according to his requirements, the
difference being sometimes as much as-
wenty ounces (a pint), or even more.
Generally, however, a " Winchester " is-
•egarded as twice the size of a " Corbyn," the
apacity of the latter being about forty
mnces.
I cannot find either term in any dictionary or
ther book of reference, but Cassell's ' Encyc.
Diet.' has : " A Winchester pint, i.e., a quart.
Seal'd Winchester of threepenny guzzle.' T,
Brown, ' Works,' ii. 180 ;" arid the ' Century
Diet.' : " Winchester pint, a measure a
ittle more than a wine-pint and less than a
Deer-pint." Winchester measure was formerly
standard measure. " Winchester pint " is.
lot often heard now in the drug trade, but I
:ancy it would not necessarily indicate any
definite quantity — only roughly the size of
the bottle. C. C. B.
What W. I. has often enjoyed in Germany
was, no doubt, a " Schoppen " of Rhenish
wine. In Fluegel's dictionary the meaning
of " Schoppen " is given as " scoop, chopin,
pint " ; but " chopin " is not to be found in
the English-German part. L. L. K.
" Chopin," or rather " Chopine," is really
only a French borrowing from the German
" Schoppen," which means half a bottle.
An excellent account of the word is given in
Grimm's great German dictionary. It is
not at all uncommon for the French to
borrow German words connected with
drinking, as they have done in this case.
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
[MB. M. L. R. BRESLAR also thanked for reply.]
MOVING PICTURES TO CINEMATOGRAPHS
(11 S. ii. 502, 537).— Many additions could be
made to MR. TOM JONES'S excellent note if
the title was intended to cover all paintings
with mechanical effects and the repro-
ductions with movement of scenes. It is
difficult, however, to realize from the descrip-
tions on the showmen's handbills if the
pictures are only working models or actually
full-sized panoramas. Here are a few
examples taken at random.
The " Akolouthorama," painted by G. D.
! Gibbs, was exhibited at 213, Piccadilly, in
! 1844. It was a series of scenes to illustrate
| the Prince de Joinville's Expedition to
i Mogadore. There evidently were some
| mechanical effects, as the last picture is
i described as " Allegorical Picture. Moga-
i dore, Morning. The French Squadron before
| the town — Bombardment — Conflagration
! and destruction of the City."
s. m. JAN. 21, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIP:S.
57
M. Le Fort & Co. had a " Mechanical and
Picturesque Cabinet " at 35, Piccadilly,
circa 1814. " The performance " concluded
with " A Storm at Sea " : —
" This view is accompanied with all the cha-
racteristic phenomena, an agitated sea .... clouds
which, by degrees, obscure the sky. . . .lightning,
thunder, &c. .... Vessels beating against the
tempest struck by a thunderbolt, and engulphed
in the waves ; in fine, the seamen, endeavouring
to save themselves from the neighbouring rocks,
offer a faithful representation of nature."
Marshall's panoramas, exhibited (1823) at
The Great Room, Spring Gardens, moved.
His " Grand Historical Perestrephic Pano-
rama of the Coronation Procession " was
•accompanied by a full military band,
" finger organ, &c." There must have been
many similar efforts to give reality by motion
to panoramas and their predecessors, and
careful research between 1780 and 1830
should produce some interesting additional
data. ALECK ABBAHAMS.
MB. TOM JONES gives the date of Philip-
stal's Phantasmagoria as about 1848 (11 S.
ii. 503, col. 2) ; but it would seem that the
invention should have been dated nearly
half a century earlier, as the ' N.E.D.'
under ' Phantasmagoria ' has the following
quotation from Brewster's ' Natural Magic,'
iv. 80, published in 1831 : "An exhibition
depending on these principles was brought
out by M. Philipstal in 1802, under the name
of the Phantasmagoria." A description
follows similar to that supplied by MB.
JONES. J. R. THOBNE.
The meaning of the first correction at the
second reference is far from clear. It is said
to apply to "the last sentence in col. 1,
p. 503." Possibly it is meant to apply
to the end of the fourth paragraph of that
column. ROBEBT PIEBPOINT.
[MR. PIERPOINT is right. The words " of the
fourth paragraph " should have followed " the
last sentence."]
COBN AND DISHONESTY : AN HONEST
MILLEB (11 S. ii. 508; iii. 12). — In Rother-
ham Churchyard, Yorkshire, is a recumbent
stone bearing inter alia the following in-
scription : — In
memory of
Edward Swair
who departed this
life June 16th 1781
aged 50 years.
Here lies a man which farmers lov'd
Who always to them constant proved
Dealt with freedom just and fair
An honest miller all declare.
JOHN T. PAGE.
The epitaph quoted by MB. LEONABD
HODSON (ante, p. 13) as American and
possibly apocryphal is neither the one nor
the other. A diarist in 1787 saw it in the
churchyard of Calne, co. Wilts.
S. H. A. H.
In the old gleaning days, when the result
of a month's gleanings had been " rubbed
out" by hand, or in some cases "flailed"
on a bedroom floor, the grain was sent to the
mill for grinding. Often there was wonder-
ing how it would turn out, for there was a
saying that the Miller stood with one hand
on his hopper, the other in your sack. There
was also another saying which ran : " Take
an honest butcher's hat, throw it in an
honest miller's dam, and dry it in an honest
baker's oven." If such a combination could
be found, the hat would cure a toothache.
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
R's OF SAILOBS (11 S. ii. 527). — In the
muster-book R, meaning " run," was placed
against the names of deserters : see ' N.E.D.,'
viii. 81, where a quotation of 1706 gives the
very phrase "have their R's taken off."
W. C. B.
[MB. TOM JONES and W. S. S. also thanked for
replies.]
ATJTHOBS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
ii. 488 ; iii. 15). — The passage referred to
by MB. G. W. E. RUSSELL occurs in Charles
Kingsley's ' Two Years Ago,' at the end of
the second chapter.
I do not think it was so much a mis-
quotation by Kingsley as a purposed adapta-
tion of the Laureate's lines to suit his own
prose text. W. B. H.
[MB. R. A. POTTS also refers to ' Two Years Ago.']
INSCBIPTIONS IN CHUBCHES AND CHUBCH-
YABDS (US. ii. 389, 453, 492, 537).— Some
remarks made on this subject are very much
to the point. I have for long been interested
in churchyard inscriptions, thinking they
have been too much neglected.
I collected all those in the churchyard of
High Halden, Kent, and they were printed
in 1895 (noticed in ' N. & Q.').
I transcribed all those in the churchyard
of Hail sham, Sussex, and gave the volume
to a resident interested in local history.
I also transcribed all in the churchyard of
West Putford, Devonshire, and a fair copy
of them was placed in the church chest.
I did the same for the old churchyard
beyond Ore, Sussex, and the Rector placed
the collection in the parish chest.
58
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
The churchyard of St. Mary Redcliff,
Bristol, is enclosed, and I understood there
would be objections to the inscriptions being
transcribed. But I made an exact copy of
all the inscriptions within this splendid
church, and gave the volume to Mr. Cross,
the well-informed head verger. For the
very lengthy Penn inscription I had to use a
long ladder, and the verger had the inscrip-
tion printed so that it could be sold to
visitors ; and it was printed in ' N. & Q.' also
(9 S. iv. 285), but has not, I believe, appeared
in any book.
In all these cases I was surprised to find
how perseverance, and the application some-
times of a sponge with water, enabled words,
apparently obliterated, to be recovered.
The remark about keeping the church and
churchyard inscriptions separate is, I think,
practical ; and I have long been of the same
opinion. Church inscriptions generally have
not been neglected, and numbers of them
have been entered in county histories, and
those that have not been recorded are well
protected. It is the very opposite with
churchyard inscriptions. They, with few
exceptions, have not been copied ; they are
exposed to every form of bad weather, and
every year defaces some inscriptions. Yet
they are a curious and interesting class of
istone records, and numbers of them contain
information not elsewhere found. Perhaps
the easiest and most practical method would
be for some society of good standing to
agree to be the official custodian of all
out-of-door mortuary inscriptions in Eng-
land. Private persons could .then send
their transcripts to this centre, where they
would be filed and indexed, and printed if
opportunity offered. At least they would
be preserved for reference, &c. L. M. B.
COWPER'S " GOD MOVES IN A MYSTERIOUS
WAY" (11 S. iii. 10). —This hymn first
appeared anonymously in the Bev. J.
Newton's ' Twenty-Six Letters on Beligious
Subjects, to which are added Hymns, &c., by
Omicron.' This work was published in 1774.
The hymns are fourteen in number ; the
one in question is entitled ' Light shining
out of Darkness.' It contains six stanzas :
the fifth, referred to by MR. SURR, runs
thus : —
His purposes will ripen fast,
Unfolding every hour ;
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But sweet will be the flower.
It is commonly thought that the hymn was
composed soon after an attack of suicidal
mania at Olney in October, 1773, but
Canon Julian thinks it probable that it was-
really written about six months afterwards,
in April, 1774, shortly before publication,
when the poet's mind had somewhat re-
covered. The authorship was not disclosed
until 1779 in the ' Olney Hymns.'
W. T. LYNN.
Blaokheath.
In my copy of the first edition of the
' Olney Hymns,' published in 1779, this
appears as Hymn XV. in the third book.
It is preceded by the letter " C.," indicating
Cowper's authorship. I understand it wa&
the last hymn he wrote for his friend
Newton's collection. There are six verses,
of which the one referred to by MR. SURR
is the fifth. It is printed thus :—
His purposes will ripen fast,
Unfolding ev'ry hour ;
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But sweet will be the llow'r.
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
Julian's ' Dictionary of Hymnology,r
p. 1642, says that the verse in MS. runs,
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But wait to smell the flower.
In print the last line appeared as
But sweet will be the flower.
A reference is given to ' N. & Q.,' 24 Sept.r
1905. LAWRENCE PHILLIPS.
[The reference is wrong. It should have been
to 24 Sept., 1904 (10 S. ii. 244). C. C. B. and MR,
R. A. POTTS also thanked for replies.]
'PILGRIM'S PROGRESS' IMITATED (11 S,
iii. 9). — ' The Progress of the Pilgrim Good-
Intent ' was written by Mary Anne Burges-
(1763-1813), whose biography is included
in the ' D.N.B.' The book appeared first
in 1800, and ran through several editions, the
tenth appearing in 1822.
M. A. M. MACALISTER,
ISOLA FAMILY (US. ii. 525).— The testi-
mony to Agostino Isola's character by
Henry Gunning has not escaped Mr. E. V.
Lucas, and is duly recorded by him in the
* Life of Charles Lamb.' SUSSEX,
" CAEQEHOUIAS " (US. iii. 9). — In place
of this portentous ghost-word I would
suggest cacophonias. When the two are
written side by side, it is easy to see how the
misprint occurred. EDWARD BENSLY.
Not having seen the original letter, I
should "humbly suggest " cacophonies."
C. J.
ii s. in. JAN. 21, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
on
ir«//i8 about Jerusalem. By the Rev. J. E.
Hanauer. (London Society for Promoting
Christianity among the Jews.)
THOUGH written by a missionary and published
by a missionary society, this is a book of un-
restricted interest, being, in fact, a learned,
closely detailed survey of Jerusalem and its
immediate surroundings, from a point of view
entirely human, by one who is regarded as the
chief authority on the folk-lore and topography
of Palestine.
Mr. Hanauer is a native of Jerusalem, and has
spent most of his life there. He has seen ex-
plorers, excavators, come and go ; has weighed
their theories, but has kept an open mind. The
present work, so unpretentious in appearance, is
the result of the personal investigation and
research of fifty years ; and, though it purports
to be little more than a gossiping guide-book for
the Protestant pilgrim, offers a mine of informa-
tion to all future writers on Jerusalem. It con-
tains more curious local knowledge than did the
author's ' Folk-lore of the Holy Land ' ; which
is saying much. On the first page we learn the
reason why the southern and eastern faces of the
older buildings of the city have an ochre tinge —
" a remarkable shower of yellow mud that fell
early in February, 1857, plastering the houses
from top to bottom " ; and every page has its
touch of personal reminiscence giving life to the
dry bones of archaeology.
Mr. Hanauer describes Jerusalem as he first
remembers it in 1860. In those days there were
only three houses outside the walls, and those
quite newly built. "The gates were closed at
sunset, and also on Fridays " for two hours while
the garrison was at mosque, and a special permit,
" not always obtainable," was required before
one could enter or leave the city : —
" The writer, on several occasions about 1867,
when he was serving on Sir Charles Warren's
excavations, had himself lowered by a rope over
the city wall in order to be at his appointed post
outside the town. . . .The roadway was unpaved.
In the rainy season there was a ' slough of des-
pond ' outside the gateway, and in the open space
inside, within the city, a pond about one foot
deep," which could be passed on stepping-stones
kindly provided by the municipality. " In
summer the bed of the little lake was encumbered
with all sorts of filth, and not unfrequently by the
rotting carcases of dogs, cats, and smaller crea-
tures." The tannery close to the Church of the
Holy Sepulchre and the shambles at the entrance
to the Jewish quarter — nuisances preserved by
the Muslims expressly to annoy the " infidels " —
\\-i-re then still in existence.
Mr. Hanauer is that most useful of beings, the
local antiquary, a born lover of things ancient,
who, in a modest station and with few books of
reference, has yet, by patience and indefatigable
industry, made himself completely master of his
subject. He is acquainted with every stone of
the city, and knows Hebrew and Arabic tho-
roughly as modern languages. His descriptions
of the Haram esh-Sherif (the Temple Area) and
of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre are the result
of personal research, and will astonish casual
writers on those subjects. The book abounds
in matter worthy of quotation, and by quotation,
only can we hope to indicate its scope and value ^
We choose at random : —
" Christian ^Street is remarkably straight and,,
for the first part of its course, level, the reason
being that in that part it passes along the top
of a huge and very ancient dam or causeway,
which forms the eastern limit of the Pool of
Hezekiah. The western side of the dam-top has
houses built along it ; that is why this remarkable
specimen of ancient engineering, which is about
200 ft. long and 50 wide, escapes notice."
" As we walk through the old bazaars. . . .here
and there where the white-washed plaster has
fallen we remark old lettering cut into the stones ;:
generally a capital T or ' Seta Anna.' The former
shows that the shops or buildings on which it
occurs belonged to the Knights Templars, and the-
latter marks the property of the Crusaders'
church and nunnery of St. Anne just inside
St. Stephen's Gate. The new buildings which
in the last twenty years have been erected by the
Greeks are in like manner marked with <£, the
monogram of ' taphos,' the Sepulchre."
"To escape from the throng we turn aside into
a coffee-shop with a thoroughfare leading right
through it, an old cruciform church . . . .Tradition
says that it was built on the site of the house-
which belonged to Zebedee. The Franciscans
curiously hold that the reason why St. John was
known to the high priest was the very simple one
that the family of Zebedee used to supply the high*
priest's family with fish from the lake of Gennes-
areth ; and, as that was at least three days'"
journey from Jerusalem, the Apostle's parents
must have had a dwelling and a place of business
in the Holy City."
Mr. Hanauer offers a new suggestion as to the
origin of the Greek ceremony of the Holy Fire.
Quoting Eusebius, though at second hand, he
writes : —
" It was on the great Vigils of the Feast of
Easter, when oil was wanting for the church, and
the drawers were greatly perplexed, that he
[Narcissus, Bishop of ^lia Capitolina A.D. 180-
222] ordered them to draw water from the nearest
well, which, being consecrated by his prayers, and
poured into the lamps with sincere faith in the
Lord, contrary to all reason and expectation,
by a miraculous and Divine power, was changed
into the fatness of oil."
It was Mr. Hanauer who, some years ago,
succeeded in identifying the Philip D'Aubeny
whose tombstone is before the doorway of the
Church of the Sepulchre with Sir Philip D'Aubeny,
tutor of our Henry TIL In his description of the-
Mosque El Aksa, in the present work, he writes
of the so-called " Tomb of the Sons of Aaron " :
" It marks the last resting-place of some of the
murderers of Th omas a Becket. . . .Their epitaph,,
now totally effaced, ran, translated into English,
thus : ' Here lie the wretches who martyred the
blessed Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury.' "
By way of adverse criticism we must say that
the book is much too full of learned matter to
serve its purpose as a simple guide-book for the-
pious.
60
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. JAN. 21, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JANUARY.
MR. BERTRAM DOBELL'S Catalogue 191 has
lists under Angling and Astrology. Under
Bacon are his ' Essays ' and ' Advancement of
Learning,' 4to, calf, 1629, the two works bound
in one, in fine condition, 61. 6s. Under Costume
are 48*etchings of female costume, 1643-9, 11. 5s.
Works under Drama include Joseph Knight's
copy of Randall's ' Rival Managers,' with his
book-plate and signature, 7s. Qd. Under James
Hogg is the first edition of the first publication
of the Ettrick Shepherd, Edinburgh, 1801, uncut,
11 12s. Under Thomas Hood are first editions.
Under Juvenile is the Rev. E. Mangin's ' Stories
for Short Students,' 1829, 3s. Qd. it contains a
curious account of Shakespeare : " But with all
this he had, as a writer, many great faults, for
some of which he deserves to be despised or hated
by the wise and good." Under Lytton is a rare
item * Weeds and Wild Flowers,' not published,
Paris 1826, 11. 10s. ; under Natural History are
the privately printed works of Theo. Johnson ;
and under Thomas Love Peacock are first
editions. There is a list under Shakespeare.
Shelley items include his ' Letters to Elizabeth
Kitchener,' edited by Thomas Wise, first edition,
.one of a very few on vellum, 2 vols,, privately
r»Hntpd 1890, 4L 4s. Under Swinburne is the
first edition of ' Poems and Ballads,' Moxon, 1866,
A fine copy of the original issue, with the original
title-page, SI. 8s. The first edition of ' Endymion,'
.enclosed in crushed blue-morocco slip case, is Q51. ;
and the first edition of ' The Newcomes,' 2 ! vols., in
the original parts, Ql. 6s. There is a list of Foreign
Books, chiefly French.
Mr J Jacobs's Catalogue 55 opens with
•souvenirs of Marion Crawford, being volumes
from his library containing his autograph signa-
ture and his book-plate. Other items include
under Byron, bound in one volume, The Giaour,
Iftia 'The Corsair,' 1814, and ' The Bride of
Ahydos,' with the rare errata, 1813, OZ. 9s. Under
Diamond Necklace Affair are ' Memoires jxisti-
ficatifs de la Comtesse de Valois de la Motte,
half-calf a Londres, 1788, 31. 3s. Books on
London include Stow, black-letter, 1603 2* 2s.
Other items are Phillips's ' New World of Words,
1671 11 ' ' Encyclopaedic Dictionary, 8 vols.,
4to, half -morocco," 1902-4, 11. 15s. ; ' Harmsworth
Encyclopaedia,' 8 vols., 4to, 11. 10s ; Michaelis s
< AnJaent Marbles,' translated by Fennell, 1881
15s.; and Pickering's 'Spenser, 5 vols., half -
ralf 1825 21 5s. Under New Testament is the
first Spanish Protestant edition (by Cypriano de
Valera), 1596, 21. 15s. (not represented at the
Caxton Exhibition). There are many works
under Music.
Mr. G. A. Poynder's Reading Catalogue 57
contains under Architecture an extra-illustrated
.copy of Sharpe's ' Architecture of the Cistercians,
4to, morocco, 1874-6, 31. 3s. Under Botany are
• Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Vols. I.-XX. 1
10 vols., tree calf, 1803-4, 21. 12s Qd. ; and
Paxton's Maqazine, 16 vols., half-morocco,
1840-48, 61. 15s. The general portion includes
BryctN 'American Commonwealth,' Library
Edition, 3 vols., 1888 3L 3s.; De Morgan s
••' Budget of Paradoxes,' first edition 1872, 21 5s ;
Fielding and Walton's ' English Lakes, large
-paper, arge 4to, half -morocco, Ackermann, 1821,
4Z. 10s. ; and Barrington's ' Ireland,' 2 vols.,
imperial 4to, half green morocco, 1833, 21. 15s.
(this was officially suppressed). There are works
under Illustrations of the Sixties, Longevity, and
Occult. Under Music is Hill's ' Organs of the
Middle Ages,' 2 vols., imperial folio, cloth gilt,
tops uncut, 1883-91, 51. 10s. ; and under Milton
is Sir E. Brydges's edition with the Turner illus-
trations, 6 vols., half-morocco, 1835, 21. 2s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
NICOLAS MORY. — We regret to record the death
on Thursday evening, the 12th inst., at Boulogne-
sur-Mer, of M. Nicolas Mory. It was to him we
owed the first notice of the valuable discoveries
made by M. Magne at Fontevrault, and at the
time of his death he and his eldest son were taking
steps to ascertain for us the origin of the copies
at the Crystal Palace of the effigies from the
Plantagenet tombs. M. Mory was fond of
antiquarian pursuits, had a good knowledge of
the classics, and delighted in quoting Horace.
He was a friend of Mariette, the French Egypt-
ologist, and was proud to point out the statue
of him close to his residence in the Boulevard
Mariette.
On the 26th of August, 1905, we had a note
stating that Nicolas Alexandre Toussaint Mory,
the grandfather of the subject of this notice,
brought copies of the Treaty of Peace in 1815 to
London, for publication in the English press. It
had appeared in the Moniteur on the 26th of
November, and within thirty-three hours Mory
arrived in London with copies of it. The treaty
appeared the following morning in all the London
papers, where the French Ambassador read it
for the first time. It was not until the same
day that the official news was received at Calais.
M. Mory will be long mourned by a large circle
of friends. He had that true courtesy of the
heart which endears a man to all.
10 (K0msp0ntontj8u
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
Editorial communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
C. N. ("Ashen Faggot "). — See the articles at
10 S. iii. 86, 236.
ii s. m. JAN. 28, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
61
LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 57.
NOTES : — Lamb, Burton, and Francis Spiera, 61 — Gray's
' Elegy ' : Translations and Parodies, 62— Signs of Old
London, 64 — "First Aerial Ship," 65— Sweetapple sur-
name—" Chartuary " : " Tale "— " Hie locus odit, amat,"
&c., 66 — "Gourd" or " Goord," Building Term— Con-
spirators of 1582, 67.
QUERIES : — "Tertium Quid " — ' Casabianca ' John of
Cosington, 67— Dickens and " Shallabalah "— ' Pickwick '
Queries — Rev. J. Bonar — William of Ware — Dryden as a
Place-Name— Early Ships named Victory, 68— Beatrix
Gordon— Bird Quotations— Swallow in Greek Carol—
* Farewell to the Swallows '—Bagdad— Adders' Fat and
Deafness— Jacobus Clerk— Col. Oakes and Queen Caro-
line's Funeral, 69 — Sheffield Plate Dish — Newenham
Abbey — Chertsey Cartularies — Jeremy Smith — Marquis
of Ormonde's Guard — Belfast Registers — Irish Book of
Remembrance— Alexander Holmes, 70.
RE PLIES -.-Milton Bibles, 70-Sophie Dawes— Miss
Wykeham— Lady Conyngham— ' Young Folks,' 71— T.
Hare — M. G. Drake — J. Forsyth-Coryatand Westminster
School — "Elze"= Already —Royal Christmases at Glou-
cester—SS. Prothus and Hyacinthus, 72-Guichard
d'Angle— Isaac Jamineau, 73— The Stair Divorce—" Die
in beauty " — " All comes out even," &c — Holwell Family
—Alexander Glenny— Christmas Bough— Thackeray and
the Stage— Exhibition of 1851, 74— Early Graduation —
' Kossuth Coppered '—Rev. J. Peacock— Andrew Arter's
Memorial— Quaker Oats— W. Mears, Bellfounder, 75—
Ship lost in the Fifties— Alfleri in England— 'Tit for
Tat'— Authors Wanted— Riddle of Claret, 76— Water-
Shoes— Arms of Somerset— Pitt on Disfranchisement, 77
—Rats and Plague— Hackney and Tom Hood— Goats and
Cows—" Puckled "- Capt. Witham at Gibraltar, 78.
NOTES ON BOOKS:-' A Suffolk Hundred in 1283'—
Traherne's Poems— More's 'Utopia.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
LAMB, BURTON, AND FRANCIS
SPIERA.
IN the third appendix to his * Life of Charles
Lamb,' 1905, vol. ii. p. 324, Mr. E. V. Lucas
includes among " the actual volumes which
Lamb possessed, as described in various
catalogues," the following : " Springer.
Relation of the Fearful Estate of Francis
"Spira. 12mo " ; and adds that the copy
contains a MS. note, "This Book was written
by one Springer, a lawyer." As Mr. Lucas
refrains from any comment on this curiously
inaccurate ascription, it may be as well to
show, in the first place, that there was no
.such a person as " Springer, a lawyer," and,
secondly, that the man out of whose name
this phantom has been called up was not the
author of the above-mentioned book.
There can, I think, be no reasonable doubt
that Lamb, if it was he who made the
memorandum, had drawn an erroneous
inference from a passage in his favourite
Burton : —
There is a most memorable example of Francis
JSpira an Advocate of Padua. A* 1545. that being
desperate, by no counsell of learned men could
bee comforted, hee felt as he said, the paines
of hell in his soule, in all other things hee dis-
coursed a right, but in this most mad. Fris-
melica, Bellouat and some other excellent Physi-
tians, could neither make him eat, drinke," or
sleepe, no perswasion could ease him. Neuer
pleaded any man so well for himselfe, as this man
did against himselfe, and so he desperatly died :
Springer a Lawyer hath written his life." —
' Anatomy of Melancholy,' 3.4.2.4, pp. 780-
781, 1st ed., 1621.
To " Francis Spira " there is a marginal note
" Goulart." The title of Simon Goulart's
work in which Spiera' s story can be read is
' Histoires Admirables et Memorables de
Nostre Temps.' A second edition of this
(first vol.) was published at Rouen in 1606.
The part about Spiera is fol. 120 verso —
125 verso. I suspect, however, that Burton
had been " tumbling over " an English
translation, " Admirable And Memorable
Histories Containing the wonders of our
time. Collected into French out of the best
Authors. By I. [sic] Goulart. And out of
French into English. By Ed. Grimeston,"
London, 1607. This version shares with the
French editions that I have examined the
blunder of 1545 for 1548, but shows several
verbal resemblances to Burton's text : " for
in all other things he discoursed grauely and
constantly," p. 188 ; " neyther was there
euer man heard pleading better for himselfe,
then Spiera did then against himselfe,"
p. 194 ; " This which is worthy of considera-
tion among the Histories of our time, is
drawne out of a discourse published by
Maister Henrie Scringer [the French has
"M. Henri Scrimger"], a learned Lawyer,"
p. 196. The learned lawyer was Henry
Scrymgeour or Scrimger, 1506-72. See
' D.N.B.' Under the designation of
; Henricus Scotus " he was the author of
' Exemplvm Memorabile Desperationis In
Francisco Spera Propter Abiuratam Fidei
Confessionem ' on pp. 62-95 of ' Francisci
Spierse, Qui Quod susceptam semel Euange-
licse ueritatis professionem abnegasset, dam-
nassetque, in horrendam incidit despera-
tionem, Historia A quatuor summis viris,
summa fide conscripta," &c., Basel, 1550.
The transition from Scringer to Springer
may have been hastened by the fact that
Jakob Sprenger, part author of 'Malleus
Maleficarum,' figures in Burton more than
once as Springer.
Thus far concerning Springer ; but who
wrote the book in Lamb's library ? This
work in the earliest edition that I have come
across (London, 1649) bears the title "A
Relation Of The Fearful Estate Of Francis
Spira, In the year 1548. Compiled by
62
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. ra. JAN. 28, 1911.
Natth. [sic] Bacon, Esq." I have seen
another edition of 1653. The imprimatur
is dated December 2, 1637. The writer of
the life of Nathaniel Bacon (1593-1660.
in the ' D.N.B.' is clearly wrong when, after
saying that Bacon " has also been credited
with the authorship of the curious piece
(probably a translation) ' A Relation,' "
&c., and mentioning that the first edition
was published anonymously in 1638, he
proceeds : "It was not, apparently, until
the publication of that of 1665, some years
after his death, that it was said on the title-
page to have been ' compiled ' by Nathaniel
Bacon." With respect to Bacon's sources,
he plainly states in his preface that his
work is largely based on the various writers
in the ' Historia ' : —
" I acknowledge that there hath been formerly
a Book published in our Mother tongue, con-
cerning this subject, but as far as I can learn
(for I could never yet obtain any of them) it
was nothing so large and various as this present
Treatise, and as I have heard, a translation of
only one of the Tractates from whence I have
gathered this present Discourse in part. Con-
cerning my care and fidelitie in this businesse, it
is such as I may truely say without changing of
colour, that there is not one sentence of all this
Work attributed unto the person of Spira, but it
hath its warrant, either from the Epistles of
Vergerius and Gribaldus, Professours of the Law
in Padua, or from the discourses of Hen. Scringer
a Scotish man, Sigismund Gelons [sic] a Tran-
silvanian, and Mart. Bocha [sic] a Divine of Basil :
neither have I taken any other libertie then as a
relation to weave the aforesaid Discourses one
within another, so as those which under several
Writers, were before counted several, are now
by my indeavours reduced into one intire History,
connexed by due succession of time and occasion."
— Ed. 1653.
It should be added that the writer of an
" Introduction " to the book speaks of
having compared
" this labour of a worthy Gentleman (who faith-
fully translated it out of Italian, French and Dutch
Letters) with the Latine of Codius Secundus
Curio, Mattheus Gribaldus,. . . .Sigismond Gelous a
Transilvanian, Henricus Scotus [i.e., the writers
in the ' Historia '], and find it accord with them."
—Ed. 1653, and at end of ed. 1649.
The book " formerly published in our
Mother tongue " I take to be ' A notable and
maruailous epistle of the famous Doctor,
Mathewe Gribalde, professor of the law, in the
vniversity of Padua : concerning the terrible
iudgement of god, vpon hym that for feare
of men, denyeth Christ and the knowen
veritie : uyth a Preface of Doctor Caluine.
Translated out of Latin intoo English by
E. A. Anno 1550, in August,' the translator,
as shown by an acrostical epigram on A v
verso, was Edward Aglionby. Robert Bur-
ton's copy of this book is in the Bodleian,
which also possesses his copy of the
' Francisci Spierse .... Historia ' of 1550
mentioned above. EDWARD BENSLY.
GRAY'S * ELEGY ' :
TRANSLATIONS AND PARODIES.
BY the interest in this subject shown in the-
past by readers of ' N. & Q.,' I am led to
think that a check-list of the various-
translations, parodies, and imitations will
prove useful ; besides, I wish to ask several
questions which, after working through the
British Museum and other collections, I ara
Btill unable to answer.
I. TRANSLATIONS.
See 1 S. i. 101, 138, 150, 221, 306, 389 p
2 S. iii. 88 ; 5 S. iv. 255 ; 6 S. ii. 466 ; 10 S,
i. 487 ; ii. 92, 175 ; v. 306, 357, 428, 477, 511,
Armenian.
Anonymous. — In ' Beauties of English Poets,'
Venice, 1852, pp. 149-77.
French.
D. B. — In his ' Poesies de Gray, traduites en
rangais,' Paris, 1797. Reprinted by Le Mierre,
Paris, 1798. In the * Biogr. universelle,' 1857,.
xvii. 405, D. B. is identified as M. Dubois, cure" of
Angers. What is the authority for this ?
P. Guedon de Berchere. Croydon, Surrey,.
1788.
Pierre Jean George Cabanis. — When and where-
was this first published ?
P. J. Charrin, Paris, 1808.— Reprinted by MM,
Roger, ' Le champ du repos,' Paris, 1816, ii. 401-7,.
and by Torri, 1817.
Francois de Chateaubriand. — In his ' (Euvres-
completes,' Paris, 1836, xxiv. 43 ff.
Marie Joseph de Chequer. Paris, An 13 (1805).
J. Martin, 1839, erroneously ascribes it to-
lie Tourneur. Reprinted by Torri, 2nd ed., 1843..
Louis Pierre Couret de Villeneuve. — According
to The Literary World, New York, 1849, v. 405,.
a translation was made by this writer. I have
not been able to find it.
Antoine de Cournand. — In La Decade Philo-
sophique. 30 Messidor, 1802, iv. 182-5.
L. D. Chatham, 1806.— Who was he ?
Dubois. — See under D. B., above.
A. Elwall. Paris, 1887.
Fayolle. — Information desired concerning this;
Tanslation, which I have not been able to see.
Gaston. — In the ' Petite encyclopedic poe"tique,'
1804, p. 161.
Jacques Louis Grenus. — In ' Fables diverges,'
Paris, 1807, ii. 323-30. Was there any earlier-
edition ? Reprinted by Torri, 1817.
Alfred J. U. Hennet. — In his 'Po^tiqueanglaise,*"
>aris, 1806, iii. 368-79.
L. C. Hoyau. — In his ' Poe"sies traduites en
ers francais,' Paris, 1837, 8vo.
Nicholas le Deist de Kerivalant. — In * Al-
manach des Muses,' Paris, 1797, pp. 147-52-
Also Paris, 1804.
ii s. m. JAN. 28, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
Citizen Kivalant. — Same as K^rivalant, q.v. Cf .
' Bibl. universelle,' Paris, 1858, xxi. 541.
Le Mierre. See under D. B. above.
Did Le Tourneur translate the Elegy ? Cf.
the statement above under Ch^nier.
Ilippolyte Marvint. — In his * Souvenirs de
college,' Paris, 1840.
Madame Susanne Curchod de Nasse Necker. —
In her ' Varietes litteraires,' Paris, 1768, iv. 168.
1 have not been able to see this, and should be
glad to have the reference verified or corrected.
.1. Roberts. London, 1875.
Sapinaud. — In ' Le cimetiere et Le printemps
traduits,' Paris, 1822, 8vo.
Adrien de Sarrazin. — In an appendix to his
' Quatre printemps de Kleist,' Paris, 1802.
F. D. V. Paris, 1813.
Villevielle.— Writing to Nicholls on 22 May,
1770, Gray speaks of a Marquis de Villevielle,
who, he says, had translated him by way of
exercise. Was this translation ever published,
and what poems did it include ?
German.
Anonymous. — In The Kaleidoscope, Liverpool,
20 May, 1823, N.S. iii. 372-3.
Friedrich Wilhelm Gotter. 1771. — Information
desired concerning the first edition. Said to have
appeared also in the ' Musen Almanach,' but
I cannot find it there. Also in his ' Gedichte,'
1771, i. 132-45, and in Torri, 2nd ed., 1813.
Ludwig Theoboul Kosengarten. — In his
' Gedichte,' Vienna, 1816, i. 123 (I have not seen
this), and in Torri, 1817. Did this appear in the
' Musen Almanach ' ?
William Mason. — In Torri, 1817 ; said to have
appeared in Mason's German translation of
Gray's works, Leipsic, 1776. Information desired
concerning this work, which is not listed in Kayser
and is not in the British Museum.
Niclas Muller. New York, 1874. — In the
Boston Public Library.
Johann Baptist Bupprecht. — In his ' Poetical
Translations from the English,' Part I., Vienna,
1812, pp. 62-8. Have not seen this. Reprinted
in Torri, 2nd ed., 1843.
Johann Gottfried Seume. — In his ' Collected
Poems,' Riga, 1801, which 1 have not seen. Any
earlier edition ? Did it appear in the ' Musen
Almanach ' ? It is in his ' Sammtliche Werke,'
Leipsic, 1826, i. 6-12 and v. 16-22.
Greek.
Giosafatte Cipriani. — In Torri, 1817. Not in
Tom's 2nd ed., 1843. Did it appear earlier ?
William Cooke. Cambridge, 1785.
Charles Coote. London, 1794.
George Denman. Cambridge, 1871.
J. Norbury. Eton. 1793. — There was also a
2nd ed. in the same year.
John Plumptre translated the Epitaph only,
and appended it to his ' Ecloga sacra Alexandr
Pope,' Wigorniffi, 1795.
Bowyer Edward Sparke. London, 1794.
Edward Tew. London, 1795.
Richard Ward. — In hia ' Celebria quaedam
Anglorum poemata latine reddita,' London
1860, pp. 79-97.
Stephen Weston. London, 1794.
Hebrew.
Giuseppe Venturi. In Torri, 1817 and 1813
in the 2nd ed. in Roman letters.
Rossi Janos.
Hungarian.
Rome, 1827.
Italian.
Paolo Giuseppe Baraldi. Modena, Societa
fipografica, 1816. — I have not seen this.
Antonio Buttura. In La Domenica (according
;o Torri) ; then in his ' L'arte poetica di Boileau
Despre'aux recata in versi italiani,' Paris, 1806,
p. 130-36. I have seen only the latter.
Michel Angelo Castellazzi. — In Torri, 1817.
Did this appear earlier ?
Francesco Cavazzocca. Verona, 1835. — Re-
printed in Torri, 2nd ed., 1843.
Melchiorre Cesarotti. Padua, 1772.
Abbate Crocchi. — In Sleator's edition, Dublin,
1775, pp. 153-66.
Giuseppe Gennari. Padua, Comino, 1772.
J. Giannini. 2nd ed., London, 1782. — When
did the 1st ed. appear ?
Domenico Gregori. — In ' Scelta di ppesie di
u celebri autori inglesi, recati in versi italiani,"
Rome, 1821, vol. i., which I have not seen.
Agostino Isola. Cambridge, 1782. — In the-
Astor Library, New York.
Marco Lastri. Florence, Molike, 1784. — I have
not seen this. Reprinted in Torri, 1817.
Michele Leoni. Turin, Pomba, 1815. — I have
not seen this. Reprinted in Torri, 2nd ed., 1843.
Lorenzo Mancini. — In his ' Saggio sull' uomo e
Lettera d' Abelardo ad Eloisa of Pope,' Florence,
1835, which I have not seen. Reprinted in Torri,
2nd ed., 1843.
Angelica Palli. 1874. — This is mentioned by
Teza in Nuova Antoloc/ia, 3rd Ser. xxiii. 363.
Where was it published ?
Elisabetta Sesler Bond. — In ' La morale inglese,'
Venice, 1815, pp. 65 ff. This reference is from
Torri, who reprints the translation in his 2nd ed.,.
1843.
Martin Sherlock. 1779 ?— Cf. 10 S. ii. 92.
E. Teza. In Nnova Antologia, 3rd ser. xxiii..
363-8, 16 Sept., 1889.
Giuseppe Torelli. Verona, Carattoni, 1776.
Domenico Trant. — In Torri, 1st ed., 1817.
Taddeo Wiel. In his ' Versioni da Thomas
Gray, John Keats, Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe-
Shelley, Robert Browning,' Venice, 1906.
Giacomo Zanella. In his ' Varie version!
poetiche,' Florence, 1887.
Japanese.
In ' Shintaishi-Sho ' (' Poems in New Style ')»-
Tokio (? ), 1882. I should be glad of further infor-
mation concerning this.
Latin.
Anonymous. ' Gray's Elegy rendered into-
Latin Elegiacs.' Oxford, James Parker & Co.,.
1876.
Christopher Anstey and William Hayward
Roberts. Cambridge, University Press, 1762. —
Published anonymously.
Giovanni Francesco Barbieri. — In Torri, 1st
ed., 1817.
Benedetto del Bene. Verona, Mainardi, 1817.
W. A. Clarke. Oxford, Blackwell, 1904.
Sir Alexander J. E. Cockburn, Lord Chief
Justice. — About 1871. Reprinted Boston, Dort-
man, 1900.
Giovanni Costa. Padua, Comino, 1772.
64
NOTES AND QUERIES. tu & m. JA*. a, 1911.
J. D. — In ' Musse Berkhamstedienses,' Berk-
Ihamsted, McDowall, 1793. Has this translator
been identified ?
Henry Strahan Dickinson. Ipswich, Deck,
1849.
H. J. Dpdwell, 1884. — Information desired
concerning it ; how does it begin ?
S. N. E. London, 1824, 4to. — Who was the
translator ?
Antonio Evangelj. Padua, 1772. — I have not
seen this.
C. C. Felton. London, Longman, 2nd ed.,
1822. — When was the iirst edition published ?
G. — In The Gentleman's Magazine, 1793, Ixiii.
•69, 166, 261, 360. Who was he ?
G[avin] H[amilton]. Edinburgh, Douglas &
Foulis, 1877.
D. B. Hickie. 1823, 8vo. — Not in the British
Museum. At 10 S. i. 487 this is said to be re-
ferred to in The Classical Journal, xxviii. 377 ;
the reference seems to be wrong.
William Hildyard. London, 1838, 12mo. —
Not in the British Museum.
Kobert B. Kennard. Oxford, Parker, 1892.
Benjamin Hall Kennedy. — In his ' Between
Whiles,' London, Bell, 1877, and in ' Sabrinaj
•Corolla,' 4th ed., London, Bell, 1890.
R. Langrishe, Eton' College. — In Gray's
•« Works,' ed. Mason, London, 1775, ii. 205-13.
Robert Lloyd. — In his ' Poems,' London, 1762,
pp. 239-57. " Also in Gray's ' Poems,' Dublin,
1768, pp. 115-25.
John Heyrick Macaulay. — In ' Arundines Cami,'
1841.
H. A. J. Munro. Privately printed, 1874.
Murphy. — Mentioned by Torri, 2nd ed., 1843,
p. xv. More information desired.
Sidney George Owen. — In ' Musa Clauda,'
•Clarendon Press, 1898.
J. Pycroft, Brighton, 1879, 8vo. — Not in the
'British Museum. What is the first line ?
Henry T. Liddell, Earl of Ravens worth. —
Neither this nor the following is. in the British
Museum. Information desired.
H. Sewell. 1875. — Where published ? Or is
the edition cited by Bradshaw (p. 316), Romford,
1876, the only one published ?
P. B. Shelley translated the Epitaph. — Printed
in Medwin's ' Life of Shelley,' 1808 (?), i. 48.
Canon Sheringham. 1901. — I have not seen
this.
Goldwin Smith translated stanzas 1-3 and
the rejected stanza beginning " Hark, how the
-sacred calm," in ' Anthologia Oxoniensis,'
London, 1846.
Giuseppe Venturi. — In Torri, 1st ed., 1817.
Gilbert Wakefield. Cambridge, Archdeacon,
1776.
C. A. Wheelwright. — In his ' Poems, Original
.and Translated,' 2nd ed., 1811, ii. 67-78. Date
of 1st ed. ? At 10 S. i. 487 said to be referred to in
The Classical Journal, xi. 675 ; the reference is
apparently wrong.
J. Wright. London, T. Lewis, 1786. — I have
not seen this.
I lately saw a translation (' T. Graii Elegeia
Latine redditum ') which began " Devexum
cecinere diem pulsa ara, boumque." The English
and the Latin occupied pp. 4-21 of some pam-
-phlet or book. Can any one tell me whose version
this is and where it appeared ? Quite probably
:it is one of those noted above.
Portuguese.
Anonymous (?). — Four lines quoted in The
Gentleman's Magazine, 1839, N.S. xii. 470.
Antonio de Aracejo. — According to 1 S. ii. 306,.
said to have been privately printed at Lisbon
toward the close of the eighteenth century. Can
some one give the exact date ? Reprinted by
Boulard in ' Traductions inter lin^aires,' Paris,
1802.
H. E. Almeida Coutinho Porto, 2nd ed., 1837.
— Date of 1st ed. ?
Russian. '
V. A. Zhukovsky. — In Vieslnik Evropy, Decem-
ber, 1802, part vi. 319-25. Can any one supply
information concerning Zhukovsky's second trans-
lation, made in 1839 ? Cf. 10 S. v. 357.
Spanish.
Anonymous (?). — Referred to in The Gentleman's
Magazine, 1839, N.S. xii. 470.
Jos6 Antonio Miralla. Privately printed.
1904(?). — A copy is in the Boston Public Library.
Welsh.
D. Davies. Caerfyrddin, I. Evans, 1798.
T. J. Thomas. Llandyssul, J. D. Lewis, 1908.
Excluding the last one mentioned in the
Latin group, the number of translations notec
above -is : Armenian, 1 ; French, 22 ; Ger-
man, 7 ; Greek, 10 ; Hebrew, 1 ; Hungarian,
1 ; Italian, 21 ; Japanese, 1 ; Latin, 35
Portuguese, 3 ; Russian, 1 ; Spanish, 2
Welsh, 2. Total, 107.
CLARK S. NORTHUP.
Munich.
(To be continued.)
SIGNS OF OLD LONDON.
(See 11 S. i. 402, 465 ; ii. 323.)
THE subjoined list of signs is compiled from
the original MS. treasury books (i.e., the
wardens' accounts) of one of the minor City
companies, c. 1530-1704.
Temp, circa Henry VIII. and Edward VI.
Rose, Coleman Street.
St. John's Head, Gracious Street.
Star, Cheapside (" Sterre in Chepe ").
Cardinal's Hat [? Lombard Street].
Three Tuns at Guildhall Gate.
Stocks Tavern [in the Stocks Market].
? Nag's Head (" Horsehed "), Cheapside.
Dagger, Cheapside (" Dagar in Chepe ").
Bull's Head, Cheapside (" Bullhed in Chepe ").
Cross, Tower Street.
Dolphin, Tower Street.
? Snipe, Eastcheap (" Snytte in estchepe "),
George, Bread Street.
Red Lyon (no place named).
Gun (" Gonne "), Billingsgate.
Castle, Paternoster Row.
White Horse, Friday Street.
Grey hound, ^Fleet Street.
118. III. JAN. 28, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
65
Temp. Elizabeth.
Mitre, Bread Street.
Bishop's Head, Lombard Street.
Bell, Fish Street.
Mermaid, Bread Street.
Castle, Wood Street.
Star, Cheapside (" Star in Cheape ").
Dolphin, New Fish Street.
Saracen's Head [? Snow Hill].
King's Head, Old Change.*
George, Bread Street.
Pope's Head, Lombard Street.
Bell, Aldgate.
White Horse (no locality).
Boar's Head, Old Fish Street.
Boar's Head, Eastcheap.
Nag's Head, Cheapside ("horsse hedd in Cheape ").
Swan, Crooked Lane.
King's Head, Fish Street.
Three Tuns, Guildhall Gate.f
Chequer, Dowgate.
Greyhound, Leadenhall.
Parse, Old Bailey.
King's Head, Old Change.
Red Lion, St. Nicholas Shambles.
Mitre, Bread Street Hill.
Snipe, Eastcheap (" Snyte, Eastchepe ").
Mermaid, Friday Street.
Temp. James I.
King's Head, Old Change.
Boar's Head, Eastcheap.
Maidenhead, Candlewick Street.
Windmill, Coleman Street.
Queen's Head, Queenhithe.
Rose at Queenhithe.
Dolphin (no place named).
Sun, at Cripplegate.
White Horse (as before).
Mermaid, Bow Lane.
Flying Horse (locality unspecified).
Temp, diaries I.
Rose and Crown (no place).
Nag's Head Tavern, Cheapside.
Castle Tavern [? Lad Lane].
Dagger, Friday Street.
Ship Tavern, Old Bailey.
Dog Tavern at Ludgate.
Rose, Temple Bar.
Sun Tavern, Milk Street.
Goat, Long Lane.
Temp. Charles II.
King's Arms, Newgate Street.
Coffee Bourse, Temple Bar.
Rose Tavern, Poultry.
Dog Tavern, Garlick'lTill.
George, Ironmonger Lane.
Angel, Old Change.
George, Milk Street.
Half Moon, Cheapside.
Mitre, Cheapside.
Sun, Milk Street.
* This house belonged to the Company.
t Between this and the earlier reference occurs
mention of the " 3 Tonnes at Olde hawle gate " ;
later we have the " Thre Tonnes att Gyld havle."
Temp. James II.
Swan Tavern, Old Fish Street.
Sun Tavern, behind the Exchange.
Golden Lyon, Fetter Lane.
Crooked Billet, Maiden Lane.
King's Head, Fleet Street.
Dolphin, Lombard Street.
King's Arms, Cateaton Street.
Crown Tavern, Leadenhall Street.
Castle, Paternoster Row.
Crown, Honey Lane Market.
Temp. William and Mary,
Queen's Arms [? Newgate Street].
Old Dog Tavern (no place).
Cock Alehouse (ditto).
Wonder Tavern (ditto).
Cross Keys Tavern, Holborn.
Horn Tavern, Fleet Street.
Three Tuns, Newgate Street.
Bell, Bread Street.
Bull Head [sic], Wood Street.
Feathers, Cheapside.
Dean's Head [St. Martin's-le-Grand],
Rummer, Queen Street.
Dog, Newgate.
Swan, Dowgate.
Horn Tavern, Doctor's Commons.
Feathers Tavern (ditto).
Mitre Tavern, Paul's Church Yard. '
Ship Tavern (no locality).
King's Head, Old Exchange.
Baptist Head [? Clerkenwell].
Crown Tavern, Guildhall.
From the nature of the references to the
signs it would appear that all, or nearly
all of them, were taverns or other houses of
refreshment ; beyond this the records yield
no further information, so far as the great
majority of the signs are concerned. While
the arrangement of the list is from first to-
last purely chronological, it seems advisable
to add a note of caution in regard to the
division into regnal periods, the latter being
merely approximate, and making no allow-
ance for overlapping.
WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
" FIRST AERIAL SHIP." — In these days of
improved, though still dangerous aeronautics >.
I would call attention to an advertisement
put forth by the European Aeronautical
Society, and printed in The A.thenceumr
pp. 573, 589, 25 July and 1 August, 1835 :—
'"FIRST AERIAL SHIP. — The Eagle, 160 feet
long, 50 feet high, 40 feet wide, manned by a
Crew of Seventeen, constructed for establishing:
direct Communications between the several
Capitals of Europe. The First Experiment of
this New System of AERIAL NAVIGATION will be
made from London to Paris and back again.
May be viewed from Six in the Morning till Dusk,
in the Dock Yard of the Society, at the entrance
of Kensington, Victoria-road, facing Kensington
Gardens, between the First Turnpike from Hyde
Park Corner and the Avenue to Kensington.
66
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JAN. 28, 1911.
Palace. — Admittance every day of the week, Is.
The Public is admitted on Sundays after Divine
Service. Free Admission the whole year (Sun-
days and Holidays included) for Members of the
Society and their Friends."
This looks rather like a hoax. One does
not see how the ship could be intended to
travel from city to city, and yet be on
•exhibition the whole year at Kensington.
The advertisement may have been suppressed
.after the second date named, on this account.
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
SWEETAPPLE SURNAME. — The surname
Sweetapple (see ante, p. 3) occurs in the
oldest remaining -Episcopal Register of
Chichester, that of Bishop Robert Rede.
Richard Swetappell, Swetappull, or Swet-
appyll (the name is thus variously spelt),
was a vicar-choral in the Cathedral, and was
ordained priest by Rede on St. Matthew's
Day, 1398, at the presentation of the Priory
of Boxgrave (now Boxgrove). He attended
the Bishop's Visitations of the Cathedral in
1397 and 1409. At the former a complaint
was lodged against him, Philip Goldston,
-and Richard Juldewyn, " that they are too
quarrelsome and pugnacious." They are
warned to behave better in future under
penalty of 20d. to be applied to the common
fund of the vicars. In 1407 he has become a
notary public by Apostolical authority, and
subscribes as such to the formal election of
Dean Hasele in that year. He was employed
&t Boxgrave in 1409 on the election of a
Prior there.
In the churchwardens' accounts of St.
Edmund and St. Thomas, Sarum (Salisbury,
1896), I note the following :—
1586/7, p. 134. For pewes. It'm for James
Swrebaples 12d.
1587/8, p. 136. James Swete Apple for mending
of a pin and nayles 5d. [Other items follow.]
1624/5, p. 181. Sam Sweetapple and his
partner for iiij days sawinge of Timber 9s. 4of.
[Other items.]
The name is to be found in the ' Clergy
List ' of the present year. CECIL DEEDES.
Chichester.
" CHARTUARY " : " TALE."— W. Rastell
in 1534 printed in Fleet Street
" these xii. bookes, that ys to wyt Natura
breuium, The olde tenures, Lyttylton tenures,
"The new talys, The artycles upon the new talys,
Dyuersyte of courtys, Justyce of peas, The
chartuary, Court baron," &c.
The book with the inviting title ' The new
talys ' turns out to be ' Noue narrationes,'
and the following book is the ' Articuli ad
narrationes nouas pertinentes formati.' The
' Chartuary ' (pp. 361-89) is a collection of
precedents of charters, bonds, acquittances,
and the like. I note these words for the
Supplement to the ' N.E.D.' Q. V.
" HlC LOCUS ODIT, AMAT," &C. 111
* Variorum in Europa Itinerum Delicise,'
collected by Nathan Chytrseus, 2nd ed., 1599,
s.v. ' Brixiana,' p. 254, is the following : —
In Palatio Capitanei.
Hie locus odit, aniat, punit, conservat, honorat,
Nequitiem, pacem, crimina, jura, probos.
Exactly the same words appear in ' Select ae
Christian! Orbis Delicise,' by Franciscus
Sweertius (Sweerts), 1608, p. 177, s.v.
' Brixiana,' probably copied from Chytrseus.
Each verb governs the substantive lying
under it.
I find almost the same lines in an old
commonplace book, viz:,
Hsec domus odit, amat, punit, conservat, honorat,
Nequitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, probos.
In this extract from some newspaper or
book (no date, probably put in some 60
years ago) it is said that they " may be
read in front of the Town-hall in Leipsic."
The lines according to the Chytraeus
version, excepting that the words " Nequi-
tiam, leges," take the place of "Nequitiem,
pacem," are given in Murray's ' Handbook
for Travellers in Central Italy,' 9th ed.,
1875, p. 184. There they are said to be
behind, and above, the seats of the judges
in the court of the Podesta in the Palazzo
Pretorio in Pistoia.
Baedeker's ' Handbook for Northern
Italy,' 7th ed., 1886, p. 370, confirms
Murray's book, and gives 1507 as the date
of the inscription.
I have found no mention in either Murray
or Baedeker of the lines as existing at either
Brescia or Leipsic. Probably they were
frequently used as an epigram in courts of
justice.
I add another version which I had noted
but forgotten : —
Hsecce domus dat, amat, pmrit, conservat, honorat,
JEquitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, bonos. 1620.
i.e.,
This court does right, loves peace, preserves the
laws,
Corrects the wrong, honours the righteous cause.
This epigram (presumably in the Latin only)
is given as an inscription on the sessions
house at Spittle-in-the-Street (Line.) in
Stephen Whatley's ' England's Gazetteer,'
1751.
It may be that there are other versions
of the epigram in other places.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
ii s. in. JAN. 28, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
67
" GOUBD " OB " GOOBD," BUILDING TERM.
— I have recently encountered this word
in West Cornwall on some tendering for
stonewalling, the prices given being so
much a " gourd." From inquiry I find that
by this term is meant a run of 9 feet by 5 feet
high ; but a few miles off the measurement
varies. The word is new to me, and I do
not find it in the ' E.D.D.' YGBEC.
CONSPIRATORS OF 1562. — There seems
nothing to add to the excellent account of
Arthur and Edmund Pole in the ' D.N.B.,'
except that it would seem that they were
arrested at " The Dolphin Inn," which
was apparently close to St. Olave's steps on
the south side of London Bridge, and not,
as is there stated, " near the Tower."
As to the other four conspirators arrested
with them, (1) Anthony Fortescue has been
the subject of much interesting and erudite
discussion at 9 S. vii. 327, 435 ; viii. 73,
449 ; ix. 53. He probably died in the
Tower. (2) Of Humphrey Berwick I can
discover nothing. (3) and (4) Anthony
Spencer and Richard Bingham were liberated
from the Tower 3 May, 1567 (Dasent, ' Acts of
the Privy Council,' vii. 351).
Each of the two astrologers and wizards
who had gone abroad 10 October, 1562, four
days before their fellow-conspirators were
captured, is described in the indictment as
" late of London, gentleman." It seems
probable, however, that the conspirator
Edward Cosyn is to be identified with
Edward Cussen, clerk, a fugitive, who
possessed the manor of Eyrtforde alias
Eyrthford in Bedfordshire, and is men-
tioned in the Appendix to the 38th Report
of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records
at p. 10, and in Strype's ' Annals,' II. ii.
597. Presumably he died abroad.
John Prestall, the other astrologer, seems
to have been inveigled into England in the
early part of 1572. An indictment was
drawn up against him in that year, but he
was not brought to trial, though he was
committed to the King's Bench, whence
he was liberated on bail in 1574. It appears
from the Appendix to the 38th Report at
LI 2, and from Strype, II. ii. 596, that
had been possessed of lands in Surrey.
He was attainted in 1578 or 1579, and was
in the Tower from before 11 October, 1578,
down to 22 July, 1588, when he was liberated.
He seems to have been living in London,
practising sorcery, in 1591. His pretence
to be
" next heir to the Poles, who are next in blood to
the Queen, whereof one is dead, and the other in
Spain, who is next heir to the crown, and whom
the Queen once promised to make kn.^wn as
heir apparent,"
was all nonsense. Is it known when he died
and who his parents were ? (See Dasent,
op. cit., viii., x., xi., xii. ; the Calendars of
State Papers ; and Cath. Rec. Soc., ii. and
iii.) JOHN B. WAINEWBIGHT.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to. affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
"TEBTIUM QUID."— I shall be glad of
any information as to the original use of
this phrase. I have been greatly surprised
to find that no example of it has been sent
to us before 1826, and still more to find that
this is also the earliest date in ' The Stan-
ford Dictionary of Anglicised Words and
Phrases.' There is, indeed, something
similar in Coleridge's Friend of 1809-10,
where he says, " The baleful product or
tertium aliquid of this union retarded the
civilization of Europe for centuries " ; but
these seem to be the earliest examples yet
found. Some metaphysicians appear to
have used it to indicate a supposed
something that is neither subjective nor
objective, or different from both mind and
matter, and it may perhaps have arisen
in a Latin treatise on metaphysics. I am
informed that a current statement attributing
the phrase to Pythagoras is an error. The
Latin version of Iambi ichus has, not tertium
quid, but tertia res. I hope that some reader
of *N. & Q.' can furnish earlier examples,
and can help us in tracking tertium quid to its
fontem et originem. J. A. H. MURRAY.
Oxford.
c CASABIANCA.' — When and where was
this poem first printed ? In his notice of
Mrs. Hemans in the 'D.N.B.,' Mr. C. W.
Sutton says that " in the second edition of
the * Forest Sanctuary,' 1829, ' Casabianca '
first appeared." This, however, is a mis-
bake, as it was printed at p. 129 vol. i. of
Mrs. Hemans's ' Poems,' published at Boston
in 1826. ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
JOHN OP COSINGTON. — Cosington is the
name of a village in Lincolnshire. Do you
know a family of this name, and especially
John of Cosington, who lived during the
fourteenth century ?
EDME DE LAURME.
Soignies.
68
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. 28, 1911.
DICKENS : ' OLD CURIOSITY SHOP,' CHAP.
xvi. : " SHALL ABALAH." — When the old
man and child first met Messrs. Codlin and
Short, the persons of the Punch drama
were scattered upon the ground. They
included
"the foreign gentleman, who, not being familiar
with the language, is unable in the representation
to express his ideas otherwise than by the utterance
of the word * Shallabalah ' three distinct times."
I have not seen any explanation of this
foreign piece of lingo. Can it be an echo
of the " Ma sh' Allah ! A'uz bi' llah ! " of
Arab criers to proclaim a marvel ? At
shadow-shows in Egypt I have heard the same
words shouted by the Mutayyab (hired leader
of applause) at moments when an afrit or a
dreadful monster conies on the scene. Many
of the tramping showmen of Europe were
at one time Orientals of a kind ; I want to
know if any Arabic pious formulas were part
of their jargon. MABMADTJKE PICKTHALL.
5, Chimneys, Buxted.
' PICKWICK ' QUERIES. — I shall be very
much obliged for explanations of the mean-
ing of the following phrases in Pickwick : —
1. Flying the garter.
2. Punch and the flat-headed comedian
and the tin box of music.
3. Green-foil smalls.
PHILIP STEPHENS ON.
[1. A game played by boys, at which they measure
a distance by feet from a mark, and jump over the
back of another boy bending down. Also known as
" footit."
2. Close- fitting knee-breeches in tinsel ?]
REV. J. BONAR, 1646 : MORETTI FAMILY.
— 1. In the Scottish register known as ' the
Retours ' (a register of those served heirs to
deceased relatives) I find under date
9 December, 1646, John Bonar senior of
Lumquhat (in Fifeshire) served heir to
" Master Henry Bonar, Vicaj of St. Martin's
in-the-Fields, London." I can find his
name in none of the registers of that church,
nor in any account of the Church. Can
any of your readers assist me in tracing his
name and the date of his appointment, and
supply any information about him ? There
can be no doubt as to the fact of his being
vicar.
2. In 1816 Agnes Bonar, daughter of
Thomson Bonar of Camden Place and
Chiselhurst, Kent, was married to Count
Moretti, and in 1820 there was a son born
of the marriage. From the ' Annuario della
Nobilta Italiana ' I get the following infor-
mation under ' Sormani-Moretti.' This
family was a branch of the ancient Lombard
family of Sormani, which went to Reggio
Emilia in 1699, and succeeded to the name
and arms of the noble family of Moretti. It
received the title of Count on 25 November,
1776. The noble man bearing the title on
17 January, 1833, was Patrizo of Reggio.
I am anxious to get further information
as to this family and to know if there is any
descendant living. HORATIUS BONAR.
3, St. Margaret's Road, Edinburgh.
WILLIAM OF WARE. — I understand that
some passages from this author's work on
the ' Sentences ' have been printed recently
in a book on the Immaculate Conception
B.V.M., and shall be very glad to be referred
to the title, &c., of the book. Is it in the
Bodleian Library ? Q. V.
DRYDEN AS A PLACE - NAME. — John
Dryden of Canons Ashby, Northants, the
father of Sir Erasmus Dryden, 1st Bt., is
stated to have migrated from Cumberland.
In 1488-9 John, William, and Archibald
Drydane received the royal pardon for having
fought against King James IV. They are
described as " indwellers within the shire of
Roxburgh." It seems probable that the
Drydens of Cumberland came over the
border, as Dryden is a place-name in Scot-
land.
I find mentioned John Sinclair of Drydenr
Kt., under date 1513, and a Sinclair occurs
there again in 1551. In 1713 George Lock-
hart writes from Dryden to the Earl of Ox-
ford. I shall be glad of any information
relative to Dryden as a place-name.
P. D. M.
THE VICTORY : EARLY SHIPS OF THE
NAME. — I shall be obliged for any informa-
tion relating to the following : —
1. Date of construction of the Victory
which was lost off the Caskets, 4 October,
1744. The United Service Museum and
Greenwich Hospital possess models said
to be of this ship, but they differ ; another
model, with the same pretension, differs
from both. Would one or more models
have been made before construction. Char-
nock mentions a Victory as first heard of at
Portsmouth in 1703, taken to pieces in
1-721. Is anything known of this ship ?
2. At what date did the bowsprit cease to
terminate in a top and carry a spritsail mast
and jacks taff ?
ii s. in. JAN. 28, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
69
F 3. What improvements, if any, were
introduced in the construction of ships-of-
war between 1714 and 1727 ? AITCHO.
[The second and third queries are too technical
for discussion in our columns. We should advise
application to Prof. Sir J. K. Laughton, the Secre-
tary of the Navy Records Society, King's College,
Strand, W.C.]
BEATRIX GORDON=ROBERT ARBUTHNOT.
— I should be very grateful if any one
could tell me who was the father of Beatrix
Gordon. She married Robert Arbuthnot
of Scots Mills, and was the grandmother
of the celebrated Dr. John Arbuthnot.
Both she and her husband are buried
in the churchyard of St. Fergus, about six
miles from Peterhead. I have been informed
that she was the daughter of Robert Gordon
of Pitlurg, but I cannot see any mention of
her in that pedigree.
CECIL LISTER KAYE.
Denby Grange, Wakefield.
BIRD QUOTATIONS. — I shall be glad to
learn the authors of the following : —
1. Speckled, mellow-throated thrush.
2. Sweet thrush, whose wild untutored strain.
3. Farewell, sweet bird ! Thou still hast been (willow
warbler).
4. Each spangled back (sunbird).
5. Welcome, dear swallow, to thy well-known nest-
6. As I was walking all alone, I heard two corbies.
7. Say, weary bird, whose level flight (crow).
8. Thou shrill proclaimer of the lonely hour (owl).
M. SEATON.
[6. A well-known ballad, 'The Twa Corbies,'
first printed in Scott's ' Minstrelsy ']
SWALLOW IN GREEK CAROL. — Who was
the translator into English of the following
Greek carol ?
The swallow, the swallow, she does with her bring,
Soft seasons, &c.
M. SEATON.
* FAREWELL TO THE SWALLOWS.' — A poem
entitled ' Farewell to the Swallows,' attri-
buted to Thomas Hood, was referred some
twelve years ago to Canon Ainger, who
expressed great dubiety that Hood was its
author. It would be gratifying to know
by whom it was written if not by Hood.
The first stanza begins : —
Swallows sitting on the eaves,
See ye not the falling leaves ?
See ye not the gathered sheaves ?
Farewell !
T. F. DWIGHT.
La Tour de Peilz, Vaud,' Switzerland.
BAGDAD. — Has the Iranian or Old Persian
origin of the name of Bagdad, first advanced
by Fr. Spiegel (author of ' Eranische Alter-
tumskunde,' 3 vols., 1871), as stated by
Isaac Taylor in his * History of Place-Names '
(1898), i.e. = " God's Gift," derived from
Zend or Old Persian Bagha = Sanskrit or Old
Indian Bhaga, denoting divine power, and
d<2d=gift, been generally accepted ? The
Old Slavonic name and word for God, Bog,
which is preserved in all Slavonic languages
of the present time, has also been found to
be originally akin to the Zend and Sanskrit
name of divine power — -Bagha and Bhaga.
Cf. Uhlenbeck's 'Alt-Indisches Worterbuch'
(1899), p. 193. H. KREBS.
ADDERS' FAT AS A CURE FOR DEAFNESS. —
A man employed as a navvy on the line from
Tunbridge Wells to Brighton kills adders
in the season on the railway banks, and
extracts their fat, which is in demand as a
cure for deafness. " One lady " (in her
gratitude) " gave him quite a lot o' money."
I have heard the same specific vaunted
among the peasantry of East Suffolk. Can
any reader tell me whether the belief is
ancient, and also whether there is any ground
for supposing the ointment really efficacious ?
SCRUTATOR.
JACOBUS CLERK'S name appears in a Bible
of about the middle or end of the seven-
teenth century. The family was subse-
quently connected with the South of Ireland.
His eldest son was probably named John.
Has any reader come across the name in
pedigrees of English Clarkes ?
R. S. CLARKE, Major.
Bishop's Hall, Taunton.
COL. OAKES AND QUEEN CAROLINE'S
FUNERAL. — Can any of your readers inform
me where I can find particulars respecting
Col. Oakes, who commanded a squadron
of the 1st Life Guards employed to suppress
the riot at the funeral of Queen Caroline in
1821 ? I believe that on this occasion he
shot a man dead, and was in consequence
cashiered ; but, later, an attempt was
made to reinstate him in his former position.
When this was found to be impracticable, he
received a vote of thanks for the effectual
manner in which he had prevented a riot, and
was appointed to the Chief Constableship of
Norfolk. I should be very glad to learn if
these facts are correct, or to know where any
details respecting his action in this matter
can be found. (Mrs.) A. M. W. STIRLING,
30, Launceston Place, Palace Gate, W.
70
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. HI. JAN. 28, 1011.
QUEEN'S REGIMENT : SHEFFIELD PLATE
DISH. — The officers of the Queen's Regiment,
Warley, Essex, possess a very large old
Sheffield plate dish — donor's name forgotten.
They would be glad to know what family
have a cockatrice or griffin with arrow in its
beak, and motto " In Deo spero," as shown
on the dish. W. MACKIE, Lieut. -Col.
NEWENHAM ABBEY, DEVON. — In Dug-
dale's ' Monasticon,' vol. v. p. 690, it is said
that a minute account of the journey of the
colony from Beaulieu, 2 January, 1246/7,
appears in the Register of the Abbey of
Newenham, " at present in the possession of
William Wavell, Esq., M.D., of Barnstaple."
Can any of your readers inform me where I
can consult this Register, or find a transla-
tion of the account of this journey ?
J. K. F.
CHERTSEY CARTULARIES. — Can any one
inform me whether there are any of the
cartularies of Chertsey Monastery published
besides those given by Dugdale ? G. A. K.
JEREMY SMITH, 1666. — Can any reader
of ' N. & Q.' give me information concerning
Jeremy Smith, who held the office of Ranger
and Bailiff of Windsor Park in 1666 ?
E. G. COCK.
MARQUIS OF ORMONDE'S GUARD. — Where
can I get information concerning officers
who served in the Marquis of Oimonde's
Guard of Battleaxes ?
E. G. COCK.
BELFAST REGISTERS. — Are there any old
registers of Belfast in existence ? If so,
would it be possible to see them ? I want
information concerning some one born about
1677 in Belfast. E. G. COCK.
IRISH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE. — I have
a letter from an old Irish lady (now dead)
in which she refers to a " Book of Remem-
brance " which must have been published
(probably in Ireland) before 1800. It was
presumably a chronicle of Ulster families
or of Anglo-Irish history. Apparently there
was a list of subscribers printed at the
beginning. Can any reader kindly refer
me to such a book ? I am not at all sure
that she gave me the right title of the book
and I can find nothing like it at the British
Museum. W. ROBERTS CROW.
ALEXANDER HOLMES. 1848. — In or aboul
1848 the late Alexander Holmes, formerly o1
3, St. George's Place, Hyde Park Corner, hac
a remarkable adventure. A leader in The
Times followed, entitled ' Taking the Bull
>y the Horn.' Can some reader put me in
correspondence with some one who retains
a copy of the paper, now out of print ? I
am interested, as the person referred to
was my uncle, and the attempt was made
,o save his brother my father-in-law, the
ate Joseph Arthur Holmes, J.P., D.L., &c., of
logher House, co. Sligo, near which a hired
assassin lay concealed. ALFRED EDGAR.
55, Inverleith Row, Edinburgh..
MILTON BIBLES.
(11 S. iii. 1.)
IN the later years of the last century I was
a frequent visitor to Bristol, and always
went the round of the old-book shops from
the Colonnade to George's in Park Street,
and I believe it was Kerslake who told me
that when he was staying at a hydropathic
establishment at Matlock, a fellow-visitor
told him he had an old Bible in his bedroom
that had belonged to Jo. Mitt on, the sporting
man. Kerslake asked to see it, and, on its
being brought, exclaimed : " Why, this be-
longed to John Milton the poet ! " to which
its owner replied : " If it only belonged to a
poet, it ain't no good." The result was that
Kerslake obtained it for a trifling sum, and
later very liberally handed it to the British
Mueum authorities at the same price.
I am positive I acquired this information
twenty or more years ago, and have no
doubt it was from Kerslake's own lips.
GEORGE POTTER.
10, Priestwood Mansions, Highgate, N.
P.S. — Since sending the above to 'N. & Q.'
I have found in my Milton scrapbook an
article with the heading 'Milton's Bible,'
signed Thomas Kerslake, from The Athenceum
of 5 January, 1884, which gives an extended
account of the acquisition of this Bible, and
references to others. I may add that I have
drawn Sir George Warner's attention to this
article, but I would recommend its perusal
to J. S. S. and others interested.
Probably some information as to the
provenance of the Bible in question might be
obtained by going through Kerslake's book-
catalogues. I have two of them of about the
late fifties or early sixties of the last century,
which comprise the remains of the library
formed by Dr. William Turner of Herbal
n s. m. JAN. 28, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
71
fame, and of that of Sir Matthew Hale.
Kerslake's methods of cataloguing were
eccentric, and at the time of publishing
the two catalogues which I have he was
suffering from an acute attack of " news-
paperitis," and added a " foot-note " of ten
columns to one of the entries. * N. & Q.,'
inter alia, came in for a bit of Mr. Kerslake's
mind. All this, however, is by the way.
But I feel sure the Milton Bible will be found
in one of his catalogues, for Kerslake was
not the man to hide a find of this kind.
I may mention that an article on Milton's
Bibles appeared in The Times of 13 December,
1907. See also ' Book-Prices Current,' 1901,
No. 2838. W. ROBERTS.
18, King's Avenue, Clapham Park, S.W.
Your correspondent has confused a
mother and daughter in the paragraph
beginning " Mrs. Foster, daughter of
Deborah," &c. It was Deborah Milton, the
poet's youngest surviving daughter, who
married Abraham Clarke, and her only
surviving daughter Elizabeth Clarke, who
married Thomas Foster. Deborah Clarke
died in 1727, and Elizabeth Foster in 1754,
while the latter 's husband survived until
1761. For a note on Elizabeth Foster that
escaped Masson's attention see 2 S. iii. 265.
PERCEVAL LUCAS.
It was Milton's granddaughter, the
daughter of Deborah, who married Thomas
Foster. Deborah married Abraham Clarke,
and her daughter Elizabeth married Thomas
Foster, and for her benefit 'The Mask of
Comus ' was performed at Drury Lane
Theatre in 1750. She died on 9 May, 1754,
and was buried at Islington.
In Sir Bernard Burke's ' Rise of Great
Families : Extinction of Families of Illus-
trious Men,' these particulars are found.
R. C. BOSTOCK.
See 7 S. vi. 253.
JOHN T. PAGE.
SOPHIE DAWES, BARONNE DE FEUCHERES
(11 S. iii. 27). — There is at least one portrait
at Chantilly. S. D.
A sketch of this adventuress in Chambers' s
' Biographical Dictionary,' 1897, p. 284, is
derived apparently from private informa
tion, or perhaps from French crimina
records. Mr. T. H. Ward has an accoun
of her in ' Men of the Reign,' 1885, pp. 317-
318. SCOTUS.
Miss WYKEHAM, BARONESS WENMAN
11 S. iii. 27). — Lord Folkestone to Thomas
Oeevey, 23 February, 1818 :—
" Clarence has been near dying ; has been
efused by the Princess of Denmark, and is going,
} is thought, to marry Miss Wykeham." —
>eevey's ' Letters,' vol. i. p. 272.
" But the maddest thing of all is what appeared
a the Gazette of Tuesday — the peerage conferred
n . She is a disreputable half -mad woman.
He perhaps thought it fair to give her this com-
>ensation for not being Queen, for he wanted to
tiarry her, and would have done so if the late
£ing would have consented." — ' Greville Me-
noirs,' vol. ii. p. 84.
At a sale of curios some years ago at
£ing Street, Covent Garden, Mr. J. C.
Stevens, according to a newspaper cutting,
ffered
a historic flag, which sold for eight guineas.
This flag is of linen, and hand-painted with the
rown, rose, shamrock, and thistle, and the words
King and Constitution.' It was used at the time
f the Coronation of George IV. and William IV.,
nd originally belonged to Miss Wykeham, after-
wards the Baroness Wenman, a descendant of
William of Wykeham. She was a Court beauty
md a friend of Queen Adelaide."
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
LADY CONYNGHAM (11 S. ii. 508 ; iii. 37). —
W. S. S. confuses the lady's husband with
ler son, the latter being the bearer to Queen
Victoria of the news of her succession. The
irst Marquis Conyngham died 28 December,
1832, according to Burke's ' Peerage.' H.
' YOUNG FOLKS' (11 S. ii. 450, 511 ; iii.
34). — Besides ' Treasure Island,' Stevenson's
Kidnapped ' and ' The Black Arrow ' were
originally published as serials in this
Deriodical. * Kidnapped ' ran from 1 May
31 July, 1886, in fourteen instalments,
and was published in book-form during the
same year. ' The Black Arrow ' ran through
seventeen numbers of Young Folks, from
30 June to 20 October, 1883 ; but though it
preceded ' Kidnapped ' in point of date, it
was not published as a book till July, 1888.
Both 'Treasure Island' and 'The Black
Arrow ' purported to be written by " Captain
George North," a pseudonym which was
dropped when the stories were republished.
The history of ' Treasure Island ' formed
the subject of an interesting correspondence
between Mr. Robert Leighton, Dr. Alex. H.
Japp, and Mr. James Henderson in The
Academy, for 3, 10, and 17 March, 1900.
Although ' Treasure Island ' was begun in
August, 1881, at The Cottage, Castleton of
Braemar, it was not completed until Steven-
son had arrived at Davos in October for the
winter. W. F. PRIDEAUX.
72
NOTES AND QUERIES. [i> s. ra. JAN. 28, mi.
THOMAS HARE (11 S. ii. 509). — Is
G. F. R. B. certain that he has given the
name and place correctly ? An examination
of various books fails to show that a Thomas
Hare ever was born here, ever married here,
ever lived here, or ever died here.
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
MONTAGU GERRARD DRAKE (11 S. iii. 29).
— William Mountague of Little Okely,
Northants, in his will, dated 30 July, 1702
(P.C.C. 197 Eedes), refers to his great-grand-
son Montagu Garrard (Gerard) Drake.
G. F. R. B. may find this reference of use.
There are other Drakes mentioned in the
will. F. S. SNELL.
JAMES FORSYTE (11 S. iii. 25). — I re-
member very well James Forsyth as a class-
fellow and companion at the Grammar
School of Aberdeen in 1848-51. Thereafter
we were at Marischal College and University
together for four years. At the close of that
period a number of our fellow-students
gained commissions in the regular army
by competition, and in the H.E.I. C.'s forces
by presentation of Cadetships by one of the
directors, who was, or had been, Lord Rector.
James Forsyth' s, I think, was one of the
presentations. He must, at the time of his
receiving it, have been 17 or 18 years of age.
His father was the Rev. James Forsyth,
D.D., minister of the West Parish Church,
Aberdeen. ALEX. WARRACK.
Oxford.
THOMAS CORYAT AND WESTMINSTER
SCHOOL (11 S. iii. 29).— Probably Mr. Cousin
wrote Westminster by mistake for Win-
chester. In the late Mr. Kirby's 'Win-
chester Scholars,' at p. 153, one Thomas
Coryat occurs as the last on the roll for 1590.
The entry is as follows : —
"Coryat, Thomas, (10) Odcombe. Qy. the
traveller and author of ' Crudities.' "
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
In Gorton's ' Biographical Dictionary '
it is stated that Coryat was educated at
Westminster. The ' Dictionary ' notice is
based on Wood's ' Athenae Oxonienses '
and the ' Biographia Britannica.'
W. SCOTT.
" ELZE "= ALREADY (11 S. iii. 25).—
This elze, " already," is only a particular use
of the general form else, and is so explained
both in the ' N.E.D.' and ' E.D.D.,' with
illustrative examples. The former quotes
Gawin Douglas and Montgomery, and
reminds us that it is in Ray's ' Glossary of
North-Country Words,' reprinted by me
for the E.D.S. Ray has : " Else, adv.
before, already. ' I have done that else,
i.e. already.' ' The derivation is from the
A.-S. elles, not, as Jamieson suggests, from
the A.-S. ealles, which is an unrelated word,
and means " wholly." The senses are :
otherwise, in another way ; also, at another
time, formerly, already.
WALTER W. SKEAT.
If MR. BAYNE has access to a copy of
Sir Thomas Dick Lauder on ' The Great
Floods of August, 1829, in Morayshire,' 3rd
ed., Elgin., 1873, he will find the word
else used in the sense of " already." The
quotation in which it occurs refers to the
rising flood endangering an ornamental
structure in his grounds : —
'" John,' said I to the gardener as he was open-
ing the gate that led to it, ' I fear our temple may
be in some danger if this goes on ! ' ' Ow, sir, it 's
awa' else.' "
ALEX. WARRACK.
Oxford.
ROYAL CHRISTMASES AT GLOUCESTER ( 1 1 S.
ii. 501). — With reference to Gloucester's
position as an administrative centre in Saxon
and Norman times see Freeman's observa-
tions in his * Norman Conquest,' ii. 61 and
iv. 393, 623, and 690. Both Robert, Duke
of Normandy, son of William the Conqueror,
and Edward II. are buried in the Cathedral.
N. W. HILL
SS. PROTHUS AND HYACINTHUS (11 S.
ii. 528). — From ' Studies in Church Dedica-
tions' (pp. 141-2) it seems probable that the
church of Blisland, near Bodmin, is the only
English ascription to St. Protus, whose name
has been sometimes rendered Pratt. Miss
Arnold-Forster does not identify him with
Protasius, Bishop of Milan, who was a friend
of St. Athanasius ; for, she says,
" the evidence of Blisland feast-day [formerly
September 11] points us to another saint, a certain
very apocryphal martyr, commemorated at Rome,
together with his companion St. Hyacinthus, on
September 11, under the reign of the Emperor
Gallienus. His story may be found in Baring-
Gould's ' Lives of the Saints,' where it forms part
of the romantic and fabulous Acts of a certain
high-born damsel, St. Eugenia."
The name of St. Protus was to be found in
the Calendars of York, Sarum, and Hereford.
ST. SWITHIN.
[W. S. S. also thanked for reply.]
us. HI. JAN. 28, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
GTJICHARD D' ANGLE (US. ii. 427, 472, 493).
— In the ' Vie et Gestes du Prince Noir '
he is mentioned at least five times. I
refer to " Le Prince Noir Poeme du Heraufc
d'armes Chandos The Life & Feats of
Arms of Edward the Black Prince by
Chandos Herald a Metrical Chronicle with
English Translation and Notes by Fran-
cisque-Michel. London & Paris 1883."
In the description of the army of the King
of France before the battle of Poitiers,
Chandos the Herald speaks of " a body of
four hundred armed horses, with four
hundred knights upon them, all of the
noblest escutcheon."
Guychard d'Angle les conduisoit,
Qui noble chivaler estoit. Line 1040.
He appears to have been associated in his
command with le Sieur d'Augebugny and
Eustace de Ribemont.
In the early part of the battle
Atant veissez venir poignant
Un chivaler preu et vaillant
Qui appelez fut Guychard d'Angle.
Cil ne se boutoit pas en Tangle,
Ains feroit parmy le mestee,
Sachez, de lance et de esp^e.
Line 1192.
(In other instances " veissez " is " veissez,"
with an accent.)
" Then might you see coming spurring on a
preux and valiant knight,"Guichard d'Angle by
name, who did not put himself in a corner, but
struck with lance and sword, know you, amidst
the metee."
Later Guichard d'Angle, having joined
the English, appears in the vanguard led
by the Duke of Lancaster, when the army
was marching into Navarre on its way to
Spain : —
Et 1'autre le bon Guychard d'Angle,
Qui ne doit estre mis en Tangle,
Ainz est bien droit que horn s'en remorge.
Line 2283.
" The other the good Guichard d'Angle, who
must not be put in a corner, but is it right that
men should remember him."
Probably "is it " means " it is." " The
other " means the other of the two marshals,
the first mentioned being Stephen de
Cosinton.
The next extract comes from the descrip-
tion of the battle of Najera. Speaking of
those who were on the right of the Duke
of Lancaster, Chandos Herald says : —
Et la fut le bon Guychard d'Angle,
Qui ne se tenoit pas en Tangle.
Ovesque li ot ses deux filtz.
Line 3233.
" And there was the good Guichard d'Angle,
who kept not in the background. His two sons
he had with him."
He is mentioned again, among the chief
officers of the " right noble Prince, whilst
he held the province of Aquitaine " : —
Monsieur Gwichard d'Angle fut mareschal.
Line 4193.
Estephen (sic) de Cosinton apparently wa&
co -marshal.
I have given the true numbers of the
lines. In the Errata is the following :
" In the numeration of the marginal figures
for 1. 2890 read 2860, and so on till the end."
There is, p. 332, a note as to line 1040 : —
" Guichard d'Angle, sire de Pleumartin, and in
1350, seneschal of Saintonge. He was present at
the engagement with the English at Saint-Jean-
d'Angely in 1346, and was taken before the same
town in 1351, and carried to England. After his
release at the end of the following year, he was
constantly engaged against the English, until
his capture at Poitiers. After this he joined the
side of England, in 1363 was appointed by the
Black Prince marshal of Aquitaine, and in such
capacity ordered the following year to levy the
revenues in the dukedom. (Rot. Vase., 38 Ed. III. ,
membr. 4 : Rymer, vol. iii. p. 726, cf. p. 801.)
He fought gallantly at Najera 1367. By an entry
dated February 19, 1341 (n. st.), Charles V. gave
to Geoffroy de la Celle, knight, 60 pounds torneses
of land in Touraine on the estates forfeited of
Guichard d'Angle, ' chevalier rebelle.' (Archives
Nat., JJ. 102, no. 182.) In 1372.be was elected
into the order of the Garter, and at the coronation
of Richard II. was rewarded with the earldom of
Huntingdon and 100 marks per annum for the
support of the dignity. He died in the spring of
1380."
According to the preface (p. xvi), Chandos
probably wrote his poem in 13 86, or perhaps
a year or two earlier.
Francisque-Michel in his preface (p. vi)
quotes from an " account drawn up by
indefatigable John Anstis, Garter King at
Arms," among his papers deposited in the
Heralds' College : —
" Chandos was the herald of the famous Sir
John Chandos, constable of Aquitaine."
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
[See the note on Sir John Chandos, ante, p. 25.]
ISAAC JAMINEAU (11 S. ii. 509). — He was
appointed Consul at Naples at the date given
by G. F. R. B. (2 July, 1753), and apparently
held that office till August, 1779, when he
was succeeded by James Douglas. He died
3 November, 1789. I have been unable to
find his name among the officials of the Post
Office in the various issues of the ' Royal
Kalendar ' between 1779 and his death.
ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
Jamineau wrote a paper * On the late
Eruption of Mount Vesuvius,' which
appeared in The Transactions of the Philo-
sophical Society, x. 563, 1755. W. S. S.
74
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JAN. 28, 1911.
THE STAIR DIVORCE, 1820 (11 S. ii. 489).—
Sharpe (' Genealogical Peerage,' vol. iii.),
Anderson (' Scottish Nation,' vol. iii.), and
Burke (' Peerage,' 1875 edition) repeat
substantially the same story. John William
Henry Dalrymple, who became 7th Earl of
Stair in 1821, married in 1808, to quote the
words of Anderson,
" Laura, youngest daughter of John Manners*
Esq., of Grantham Grange, and Louisa, Countess
of Dysart. This marriage was dissolved the follow-
ing year, in consequence of his having entered
into a marriage contract in 1804 with Johanna,
daughter of Charles Gordon, Esq., of Cluny. The
latter marriage was, however, dissolved in June,
1820."
The contradictions arise out of the intricacies
of Scots law. The future Earl became a
married man in 1804 without being4* aware
of it. No doubt the dissolution of his 1808
marriage was brought about at the instance,
or on behalf, of his real wife, Joanna Gordon.
There is no evidence to show that the two ever
lived together after 1809. According to
Scots law, separation for four years consti-
tuted a valid ground for divorce. It was on
this ground, I think, that the future Earl
obtained divorce in 1820. The question
of adultery had nothing to do with the case.
Public sympathy was largely on the side of
the lady. She lived in Edinburgh, possibly
died there, and was sometimes spoken of
as " the ill-fated Countess of Stair."
SCOTUS.
"DiE IN BEAUTY" (11 S. iii. 7). — I can
answer my own query now : "in Schonheit
sterben " occurs in Ibsen's * Hedda Gabler,'
last act. G. KRUGER.
[MR. W. R. PRIOR also refers to Ibsen.]
" ALL COMES OUT EVEN AT THE END OF
THE DAY" (11 S. ii. 527). — Were not these
words suggested by those of Brutus ? —
O, that a man might know
The end of this day's business ere it come !
But it sufficeth that the day will end,
And then the end is known.'
' Julius Caesar,' V. i., last speech.
LIONEL SCHANK.
Is not this another version of the saying
" The evening brings all home " ?
NORTH MIDLAND.
It might seem at first sight as if the words
" All comes out even at the end of the day,'
were merely an equivalent for the trite
saying " Death equalizes all things." There
are, however, many old sayings which convey
a similar idea, but present it with consider
able variety of phraseology. It is some
vhat difficult to determine which of these
ayings the Home Secretary had in mind
when he quoted the words. One may
magine that he was giving the substance,
ather than the ipsissima verba, of some
Id writer, or perhaps that he was com-
)ining the sense rather than the actual
vords of several sayings. W. SCOTT.
I fancy that the difficulty lies in the
adverb " even," and that the phrase is tanta-
Tiount to the beautiful insight of Paul when
he declared " All things work together for
good." M. L. R. BRESLAR.
HOLWELL FAMILY (11 S. ii. 528). — The
bllowing note regarding the Holwell family
may interest J. T. P. : —
" Zephaniah and Sarah Hollival of St. Werburgh
Street, Dublin, had John Hollival, baptized in
St. Werburgh's Church, Dublin, 23 September,
1711. This John had the destiny to emerge from
:he Black Hole of Calcutta and become Governor
of Bengal."
The brothers Edward and Bowes, younger
sons of John Minchin Walcot of Glenahilty,
co. Tipperary, and Croagh, co. Limerick,
along with a John Pigott (?), were also
among the 23 survivors.
WM. JACKSON PIGOTT.
Manor House, Dundrum, co. Down.
ALEXANDER GLENNY (11 S. ii. 509). —
All I can add is that his wife's name was
Deborah, and that she died 9 December,
1804, at the aee of 71 years.
W. W. GLENNY.
Barking, Essex.
CHRISTMAS BOUGH : CHRISTMAS BUSH
(11 S. ii. 507 ; iii. 14).— This subject is
dealt with in an article by Mr. S. J. Adair
Fitz-Gerald which appeared in T. P.'s
Weekly, 23 December, 1910. S. O. L.
THACKERAY AND THE STAGE (11 S. ii. 428,
494). — Important information on this sub-
ject may be seen in The Athenceum of
16 and 30 July, 1892. H. S.
EXHIBITION or 1851 (US. ii. 410, 452,
493 : iii. 10). — Surely, as Privy Councillors
and Cabinet ministers, T. B. Macaulay and
W. E. Gladstone were entitled to be,
and ought to have been, styled Right
Honourable, not Honourable. If the Official
Catalogue was at fault, it was unquestionably
a blunder. FREDERICK CHARLES WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Roath Street, Cardiff.
[The Official Catalogue described both as "the
Hon."]
n s. in. JAN. 28, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
75
EARLY GRADUATION : GILBERT BURNET,
JOHN BALFOUR (11 S. ii. 427 ; iii. 32).—
On p. 88 of ' Admissions to the College
of St. John the Evangelist in the Uni-
versity of Cambridge,' Part II., ed. by
J. E. B. Mayor, is Wotton's certificate of
good, conduct from the fellows of St.
Katherine's Hall (the master being away).
It is here stated that he " commenced
batchelor of arts in January 1679/80."
This is decisive for the higher age of
thirteen years and c. five months.
EDWARD BENSLY.
The names of Wotton and Bentley appear
in the Cambridge Honours List for the year
1679/80. Wotton's name is second, and
Bentley 's sixth upon the list.
A. R. MALDEN.
* KOSSUTH COPPERED,' SATIRICAL POEM
(US. ii. 490). — There is a copy of this in
the Boston Public Library. On the verso
of the title it is stated that " a portion of
this poem appeared, some weeks ago, in
The New York Herald." If L. L. K.
cannot find a copy near home, I shall be
glad to answer any question that may be
sent direct to me. ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
REV. J. SAMWELL : REV. J. PEACOCK
(11 S. iii. 9). — In Julian's 'A Dictionary of
Hymnology,' 1907, p. 1586, it is stated that
John Peacock was b. 1731, became a
Wesleyan minister 1767, retired 1796, and d.
1803. In 1776 he published 'Songs of
Praise compiled from the Holy Scriptures.'
FREDERIC BOASE.
ANDREW ARTER'S MEMORIAL, HAMMER-
SMITH (11 S. ii. 10).— Mr. Andrew Arter was
a timber merchant. He lived at Linden
House, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, and
represented Hammersmith in the first and
second London County Councils.
G. W. E. R.
The low stone pillar standing in Beavor
Lane, Hammersmith, is evidently a sort of
cippus marking the angle of a particular plot of
ground, which has been left by some incom-
plete road-widening in its present dangerous
position ; and Mr. Andrew Arter, whose
name is inscribed on the face of the stone,
was evidently the owner of the plot. His
death was recently announced in the papers,
and he was the son of a timber merchant
of the same name, the site of whose premises
in Little North Street, Chelsea, is now
absorbed in that of Harrod's Stores, and
who, somewhere in the fifties, erected the
houses of Bridge Avenue, Hammersmith,
as a speculation. J. TAVENOR-PERRY.
Chiswick.
The worthy here commemorated lived in
Beevor Lane for many years, and died,
I believe, last year. The monument is merely
a boundary stone which he inscribed similarly
to one deciphered by me long ago, and
mentioned in the papers of a bygone archaeo-
logical society. SAMUEL PICKWICK.
QUAKER OATS (US. ii. 528).— Recalling
former notices on numerous hoardings, I
seem dimly to remember an explanation of
the term " Quaker Oats " vouchsafed by the
makers of that delicacy. The name (so I
seem to recall the matter) was properly
" Quaking Oats," from a fancied resemblance
to the Briza Media or " quaking grass " of
botany. As " quaking," however, was felt
to be an unsuitable word to use for an article
of food, it was altered into " Quaker,"
whence in due time emerged the portly
gentleman in Quaker garb, whose full-blown
proportions represented the result of the
use of the preparation. SCOTUS.
It is certain that " Quaker Oats " are
food so named because the peculiar way of
milling that produces this food was first
carried on in Pennsylvania, the American
State named after its founder, the famous
Quaker Wm. Penn. Tk WILSON.
Harpenden.
WILLIAM MEARS, BELLFOUNDER, 1626
(11 S. ii. 445). — The baptismal entry recorded
at this reference does not seem to refer to
the Wm. Mears of the Whitechapel bell-
foundry, though possibly his family might
have come from Nottingham. The White-
chapel firm was begun about 1570 by
William Mott, who sold it in 1606 to Carter
of Reading. It passed to Thomas Bartlett
in 1619, and he and his descendants carried
it on till the end of the century. The last
Bartlett died in 1701, when Richard Phelps
succeeded. After him came Lester & Pack ,
then Chapman was taken into partnership,
and the firm became Lester, Pack & Chap-
man ; but the first name was soon dropped,
and the firm was known as Pack & Chapman.
Their bells were noted for being marked
with riming mottoes, well known to cam-
panologists. Pack died 1781, when Chap-
man took as a partner William Mears. The
latter had learnt his trade at the White-
chapel foundry, and had started in business
for himself several years previously. The
76
NOTES AND QUERIES. in s. m. j«. a, 1911.
firm became W. & T. Hears in 1787, Thomas
probably being the son of William. William
retired altogether in 1789. These particu-
lars are abridged from Stahlschmidt's
* Church Bells of Kent,' pp. 66, 92, 93, 109-
113, where a fuller account of the White-
chapel firm can be found, but no further
details as to William Mears. A. RHODES.
SHIP LOST IN THE FIFTIES (11 S. ii. 528). —
Was the ship in question the Birkenhead
(steam- transport), wrecked on the coast of
Cape Colony on 26 February, 1852 ?
G. C. MOOEE SMITH.
On 19 October, 1853, the Dalhousie (com-
manded by Capt. Butterworth) foundered
off Beachey Head, when the Captain, the
passengers, and all the crew, with the
exception of one man, perished, about
60 persons in all being lost. Perhaps this
may be the vessel referred to in the query.
The newspapers of the period will no doubt
contain a list of the drowned.
On 30 August, 1857, the Dunbar clipper
was wrecked on the rocks near Sydney,
when 121 persons perished. Only one
individual was saved, after clinging to the
rocks for about thirty hours. W. SCOTT.
ALFIERI IN ENGLAND (US. ii. 421, 532 ;
iii. 37). — The duel between Edward, second
Viscount Ligonier, and Count Alfieri took
place in the Green Park on Tuesday, 7 May,
1771. See Public Advertiser, 11 May ;
Gazetteer, 11 and 14 May ; Town and Country
Mag., iii. 238, 277 ; Lady's Mag. [1771],
478. Alfieri is said to have been wounded
slightly in the arm, and his life spared, after
he was disarmed, by the injured husband.
In the petition for divorce at Doctors'
Commons in June-November of the same
year the movements of Lady Ligonier and
Alfieri after the duel were described by
several of the witnesses. The former left
Cobham Park on the evening 'of 7 May, and
from the 8th to the 17th of the month she
resided in New Norfolk Street, London,
where she was visited by the Count. On
17 May she set out for France, being joined
at Shooter's Hill by Alfieri ; but, as no
accommodation could be had there, they
proceeded to " The Rose Inn " at Dartford.
Here they stayed together until Monday,
20 May. On that morning they went in
a post-chaise to Shooter's Hill; but Lady
Ligonier and another lady returned the same
evening to " The Rose Inn," and proceeded
to Rochester. Shortly afterwards Alfieri
followed on horseback. The witnesses state
that the pair were going to France together.
See ' Select Trials at Doctors' Commons/
printed for S. Bladon, London, 1779, vol. iii.
The account of the divorce proceedings
in the ' Journals of the House of Lords,'
January, 1772, corroborates the statement
that Lady Ligonier went to France ; and
according to a paragraph in The Public
Advertiser of 20 November, 1771, she was-
then residing at Calais. There are many
statements about the pair in 'The Gazetteer
of 1771, and a careful search through the
files of the newspapers for this year would
probably disclose Alfieri' s movements in
detail. HORACE BLEACKLEY.
'TiT FOR TAT,' AMERICAN NOVEL (US.
ii. 489 ; iii. 56). — In Sampson Low & Co.'s
' English Catalogue, 1872-80,' Miss M. E,
Smith is named as the author of a book with
this title, an edition of which was published
in 1875 by Hurst & Blackett. This lady is
apparently the Mary Elizabeth Smith who
brought an action for breach of promise
against Lord Ferrers, and wrote in 1849 a
poem, ' Moscha Lamberti,' that is partly
autobiographical. N. W. HILL.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (US.
iii. 29).—
Captives of his (or my) bow and spear
A faulty remembrance of 2 Kings vi. 22,.
" Wouldest thou smite those whom thou
hast taken captive with thy sword and with
thy bow ? " W. C. B.
[PROF. BENSLY also refers to the same text.}
RIDDLE OF CLARET (11 S. ii. 527). — An old
custom is here referred to. It is difficult,,
perhaps impossible, to ascertain how it
originated. A riddle or sieve was no doubt
employed for convenience in carrying the
bottles of wine. Claret rather than any
other wine was probably consumed because
it was comparatively cheap and easy to be
procured. But why a riddle of thirteen
bottles should almost invariably have formed
a feature at archery dinners is not at all easy
to conjecture. At archery meetings the
number thirteen may perhaps have been
supposed to bear some mystic relationship to
the number of arrows discharged in the
competition.
But the gift of a riddle of claret was not
confined to archery meetings. At golf
competitions also the magistrates and town
council, invited to the closing celebration
dinner, were in the habit of presenting for
consumption a riddle of claret. Perhaps
some superstitious notion lay at the root
a s. m. JAN. 28, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
77
of the custom. At all events, the gift of a
riddle of claret was of long standing, and
dates from days when people attached more
importance to lucky and unlucky numbers
than they do now. SCOTTJS.
WATER-SHOES FOE, WALKING ON THE
WATER : GEORGE PARRATT (11 S. ii. 485). —
In * The Wonders of the Universe ; or,
Curiosities of Nature and Art,' 1824, culled
on the false title and at the head of the
letterpress * The New Wonderful and Enter-
taining Magazine,' p. 47, is an article headed
' A Curious Invention for Walking upon the
Water.' The first paragraph is :—
" Mr. Kent's [of Glasgow] recent invention of
a machine by which he walks or moves along
upon the water at the rate of three miles per
hour, has produced the announcement of another
novelty of the same description, but which seems
more extensively useful. The inventor terms it
an Aquatic Sledge ; — it is thus described : — "
Then follows an account of this sledge,
invented " some years ago " by Mr. Bader,
" councellor of mines at Munich, in Bavaria."
" The first public experiment was made with
this machine on the 29th of August, 1810, before
the royal family at Nymphenburg, with complete
success. It is described as consisting of two
hollow canoes or pontoons, eight feet long, made
of sheet copper, closed on all sides, joined to
each other in parallel direction, at a distance of
six feet, by a light wooden frame. Thus joined,
they support a seat resembling an arm-chair, in
which the rider is seated, and impels and steers
the sledge by treading two large pedals before him
Each of these pedals is connected with a paddle,
fixed perpendicularly in the intervals between the
two pontoons. In front of the seat stands a small
table, on which he may read, write, draw, or eat
and drink .... This vehicle is far safer than a
common boat, the centre of gravity being con-
stantly in the middle of a very broad base, a
circumstance which renders upsetting, even in
the heaviest gale, absolutely impossible. It is
moreover so contrived, that it may be taken to
pieces in a few minutes, packed in a box, and put
together in very short time."
The box containing two metal pontoons,
each eight feet long, and the other things
must have been rather large.
Some 20 or 25 years ago there was an
exhibition of " life-saving " inventions in the
Channel. The chief organizer, or perhaps
only one of the organizers, was a friend ot
mine, dead long ago, Mr. George Parratt.
He was a fairly prolific inventor of in-
genious but useless things. His pet in-
vention was a lifeboat consisting mainly
of collapsible pontoons, which in case of
need were to be inflated by bellows. This
was, I think, the principal machine in the
exhibition, which took place on and about
the^catamaran steamship Castalia, which is
now, or was not very long ago, a smallpox
hospital, somewhere in the lower reaches of
the Thames.
Among the strange inventions was one for
— as it were — walking in the sea. It was
an indiarubber boat about four feet long by
about two feet in the middle, with two india-
rubber stockings attached to the bottom.
The inventor's assistant got into this boat
with his legs in the stockings, closed the
top covering round his waist, and then
went down the perpendicular ladder lashed
to the ship's side. Either before going
down or directly he got into the water, he
proceeded to inflate the apparatus through
a tube. He had with him a little double
paddle, with which he was intended to
propel himself. The tube, however, got
loose or otherwise out of order, and the boat
began to fill and sink. Fortunately, there
was a very handy man on board, with little
more than a pair of old trousers on ; he
hurried down the ladder, and caught the
hand of the sinking assistant of the inventor.
There were other inventions which were
so dangerous that it was a wonder that no
one was drowned, although the sea was
perfectly calm.
At one time Parratt 's raft lay in the
Serpentine — at another in the water at (?)
the Earl's Court Exhibition. What be-
came of it eventually I do not know.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
COUNTY COATS OF ARMS : Co. SOMERSET
(11 S. iii. 30). — According to 'The Book of
Public Arms,' Somerset has no armorial
bearings : —
" The seal of the County Council simply ex-
hibits the inscription, ' The Seal of the County
Council of Somerset, 1889.' The arms of Bath
have sometimes done duty for the county; but
the ' Justices ' Seal, which is most beautifully
executed, represents King Ina in his Palace of
Justice, and at his feet is a portcullis, the old
Plantagenet badge, evidently allusive to the old
Beauforts, Dukes of Somerset. On the dexter
side are the arms of the Somersets, Dukes of
Beaufort, balanced on the sinister by the arms
of the Seymours, Dukes of Somerset. At the
base are the arms of the See of Bath and Wells,
and at the top are the arms .... a cross patonce
between four martlets."
ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
PlTT AND WlLKES ON ENFRANCHISEMENT
(11 S. iii. 8). — Inquiry is made at the above
reference for the names of the 36 boroughs
which Mr. Pitt in 1785 proposed to dis-
franchise, and the inquirer adds that he put
this question many years ago.
78
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. JAN. as, 1911.
I doubt whether it is possible for us at
this time to specify them, and I cannot find
that Mr. Pitt ever enumerated them. In his
speech in Parliament (18 April, 1785) he
expressed his belief that the House would
agree with him in thinking that " there
were about 36 boroughs so decayed as to
come within the scheme," and he proposed
" the establishment of a fund fa million
Eounds] for the purpose of purchasing the
•anchise of such boroughs as might be
induced to accept of it " (' Parl. Hist.,' xxv.
441-2).
This language seems to me to show that
he necessarily left the names of the boroughc
in the dark. The Western counties of
England by themselves would have provided
a sufficient number of Parliamentary boroughs
which were ripe for extinction.
W. P. COURTNEY.
Unless the names of the burghs proposed
to be disfranchised by Pitt are contained
in the Journals of the House of Commons,
it is hard to say where a complete list of
them may now be found. The following
works might be consulted : Stockdale's
' Parliamentary Guide ' for 1785, or ' De-
bates and Parliamentary Register .... from
1780 to 1796,' published by Debrett.
Massay's ' History of England during the
Reign of George III.,' vol. i. chap, ix., deals
at some length with the subject of corrupt
constituencies. Earl Stanhope (' History of
England from the Peace of Utrecht,' vol. i.
chap, i.) gives a list of 35 " hereditary seats,"
which probably coincides to some extent with
the list of Pitt. The Rev. Christopher
Wyvill, Rector of Black Notley, published a
work bearing directly on Pitt's Bill, entitled
' Summary Explanation of the Principles of
Mr, Pitt's intended Bill for Amending the
Representation of the People in Parliament '
1785. He also wrote, ' State of the Repre-
sentation of the People of England/ 1793, and
* Political and Historical Arguments proving
the Necessity of Parliamentary Reform,'
1811, 2 vols., but I cannot say whether he
gives the names of burghs to be disfranchised.
As regards Wilkes, it is scarcely likely that
any list of the burghs he proposed to wipe
out can now be found. His speech, how-
ever, in bringing forward his measure, is still
extant, and may be read in " The Treasury
of British Eloquence .... Compiled by Robert
Cochrane," Edinburgh, W. P. Nimmo,
1881, pp. 165-9. In the course of his
speech he names some ten or a dozen burghs
to which the term " rotten " used to be
applied. W. SCOTT.
RATS AND PLAGUE (11 S. ii. 465).—
" Accordingly it appears that the priests
and diviners then knew that ' scientific
basis ' " is the ending of my Note 2431 in
The Boston Evening Transcript's ' Noter>
and Queries ' of 10 September, 1910 ; and
this note can doubtless be seen in the file of
that periodical at its London office, 3,
Regent Street, by any interested in coinci-
dences. My note was based on a dim
remembrance of a similar article in The
New York Evening Post of about ten years
ago, so the parallel is not novel, as thought
by CANON SAVAGE.
Further light is thrown by Baikie's * Sea
Kings of Crete,' pp. 167-8 ; and that the
rats are not directly responsible for spreading:
the plague, but merely as they are" hosts "
for fleas, may be inferred from a paper
read before the (London) Zoological Society
on 15 November, and briefly recorded in
The Athenceum of 10 December, p. 738.
ROCKINGHAM.
Boston, Mass.
HACKNEY AND TOM HOOD (11 S. iii. 29).—
Hood slightly alters Byron's ' Childe
Harold,' canto iii. st. 21 : —
There was a sound of revelry by night,
And Belgium's capital had gather'dthen
Her Beauty and her Chivalry, and bright
The lamps shone o'er fair women and brave men.
WALTER W. SKEAT.
[MB. T. BAYNE and DIEGO also refer to Byron.]
GOATS AND Cows (11 S. ii. 466, 534).—
George Eliot was evidently cognizant of
this custom. In ' Middlemarch ' (1881 ed.r
p. 291), when describing the old farm home-
stead called Freeman's End, she says r
" There was an aged goat (kept doubtless on
interesting superstitious grounds) lying
against the open back-kitchen door."
See also 9 S. v. 248, 359, 521 ; vi. 132, 196,
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchingtorj, Warwickshire.
" PUCKLED "(US. ii. 526).— The ' N.E.D/
records the word " puck-led " s.v. " Puck,'r
sb.1 e, but gives no such early quotation as
that produced by MR. PIERPOINT.
L. R. M. STRACHAN.
Heidelberg.
CAP!. WlTHAM AND THE SlEGE OF GIBRAL-
TAR (US. iii. 28). — The incident referred to
is not to be found in Drinkwater's ' History
of the late Siege of Gibraltar,' although that
writer gives a full account of the sortie made
on the night of 26 November, 1781, along
with a plan of the operations. He even
condescends upon details, as where he
ii s. in. JAN. 28, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
79
narrates that " a volunteer of the 73rd
Regiment lost his kelt [sic] in the attack,"
from which it may be argued that it was a
" warm affair " while it lasted. See ' His-
tory,' 3rd ed., p. 203 (London, J. Johnson,
1786). T. F. D.
A Suffolk Hundred in the Year 1283. Edited by
Mr. Edgar Powell. (Cambridge University
Press.)
MR. POWELL has published a valuable addition to
the history of Suffolk, and, we may add, an
important contribution to the financial practices
of the Edwardian period. The original is pre-
served in the Record Office in a manuscript
on seventy skins of parchment written on one
side only. It is with few exceptions in good con-
dition, but the list of parishes is not quite com-
plete. The roll is not only important as showing
by what method the national finances were raised
when Edward I. was king, but also in some cases
it indicates how farming was carried on in days
when, as many people yet fancy, the cultivators of
the soil were but little above the condition of
serfs.
The money which the King called for was
urgently required for the second Welsh war,
which broke out on Palm Sunday, 1282, and lasted
till the October of the following year, when, as
the writer tells us, " the last Celtic Prince of
Wales suffered the ignominious death of a traitor."
It was for carrying on this contest that the assess-
ments were made, and, the royal treasury being
empty, the King in the first instance was, it seems,
compelled to apply to the merchants of Lucca
to help him in discharging his most pressing
needs ; but the cash he required was far more
than they were willing to supply. No time, how-
ever, was to be lost, so Edward in June, 1282,
dispatched John de Kirkeby, Archdeacon of
Coventry, who afterwards became Bishop of Ely,
to borrow money of the towns and religious houses.
London contributed 4,OOOZ., and York 693Z. 6s. 8d.
Although, with the exception of those for Ipswich,
the documents which Mr. Powell has given are
the only ones providing full details, a roll remains
in which we have the gross sum for each shire.
In this it is strange to find that Lincolnshire and
Norfolk were regarded as by far the richest
counties.
Towards the end of the volume there are thirty
eight carefully elaborated tables of the tax lists
of the Hundred of Blackbourne. These will
require much study before it will be possible
to understand what were the live and dead stock
belonging to the men and women who were
occupiers of lands and tenements.
We know of no other documents of about
the same period which give so fully the average
of prices as those before us. An attempt has been
made to draw a comparison between the popula-
tion of the villages in 1283 and 1908. It has been
impossible to make any statement that will be
satisfactory, but no reasonable doubt exists
that there were far more men, women, and children
in the villages 625 years ago than those who
follow the older teachers areVilling to imagine.
Traherne'8 Poems of Felicity. Edited by H. I-
Bell. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.)
WE venture to think that too much has been
made in some quarters of the poems by the seven-
teenth-century poet Thomas Traherne, which were
first published by Mr. Dobell in 1903, and are here
edited, with additions, by Mr. Bell. There is
always a danger that the discoverer of an un-
known or forgotten treasure will appraise the
value of his find too highly, because it is his
own ; and when it is claimed that Traherne
belongs to the same brotherhood as Vaughan and
Herbert and Crashaw and Henry King, we cannot
but dissent. On their weaker side of mystical
obscurity and involved quaintness there may be
resemblances, but he has little of their brightness
of fancy and felicity of expression. His lines do-
not arrest and stamp themselves on the memory.
Traherne's lyre had but few strings, and on
three of these he harps with somewhat tedious-
iteration. A favourite theme with him is the
superior blessedness of infancy, to which he
returns again and again, contrasting its innocence
and bliss, the loss of which he never ceases ix>
deplore, with the deterioration of adult manhood ,.
which is further off from heaven. Here he is
at one with Vaughan ; and R. L. Stevenson
might have written the poems entitled ' Shadow®
in the Water ' and ' On Leaping over the Moon.'
Another subject on which Traherne loves to dwell
is the deeper insight and wider scope of the inward
spiritual eye. Here he approximates to WTords-
worth, who might have acknowledged as his own
the lines
A meditating inward ey
Gazing at Quiet did within me ly (p. 14).
A third maxim of his mystic philosophy, to
which many poems are devoted, is that the world
belongs of right and de facto to him who with
the seeing eye and thankful heart best appreciates
its beauties, far more than to the mere possessor
and legal proprietor. Izaak Walton had anti-
cipated him in this fine sentiment.
The editor includes thirty -nine poems inot
given in Mr. Dobell's editio princeps, and tells
us the little known of Traherne and his works.
He need not have doubted yer (p. 144), a common
spelling of ere in seventeenth- century books.
The Utopia of Sir Thomas More. Edited by
George Sampson. (Bell & Sons.)
THE philosophical yarn of that veracious mariner
Hythlodaye (" Babbler ") is of perennial interest,
and Messrs. Bell have produced an excellent
edition of it in their " Bonn's Libraries " under
the care of Mr. Sampson. He has appended to
the ' Utopia ' the Latin original of 1516, together
with Roper's Life of More (in a critically accurate
text obtained by the collation of four MSS. in the
British Museum), and a selection of his letters.
Mr. Sampson falls into the common mistake of
over-annotating his text. The reader hardly
requires to be told in a note, when More refers
to Cicero, that this was " the famous orator and
philosopher M (p. 24) ; and no one will thank him
for the information that CC in the text means
" two hundred " (p. 81). An " algorisme stone "
was certainly not a " slate," as explained p. 333 ;
and " La Bruayere " (p. 137) needs to be corrected.
Per contra, we have to thank him for a full Biblio-
graphy, and an excellent engraving of Holbein's.
I portrait of More, which forms the frontispiece.
80
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. ra. JAN. 28, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JANUARY.
MR. EDWARD BAKER'S Birmingham Catalogue
283 contains among works under Art Solon's
' Ancient Art Stoneware of the Low Countries,'
2 vols., folio, 1892, 21. 5s. In a list under Debrett
is ' Dictionary of the Coronation,' 1902. There
.are works under Folk-lore, Heraldry, and India.
Under Mary, Queen of Scots, are Cowan's ' Who
wrote the Casket Letters ? ' 2 vols., 16s., and
Cust's ' Authentic Portraits,' based on the re-
searches of Scharf, 18s. 6d. Napoleon items
include Sergeant's ' The Burlesque Napoleon,'
* Lost Voyages ' by Rose, ' Surrender ' by Dick-
son, and ' New Letters.' Works under Occult
include Paracelsus, 2 vols., 4to, cloth, new, 1894,
11. Is. Under Pottery are Solon's ' Old English
Porcelain,' 11. 15s., and his ' Old French Faience,'
11. Is. Regimental Records include Almack's ' Royal
Scots Greys,' limited edition on Japanese vellum,
new, 1908, 21. 2s. Under Spain will be found
' The Arts and Crafts of Older Spain,' 3 vols.,
small 4to, 1907, 18s. 6d. ; and Calvert's ' Al-
Jiambra,' 15s. Under Tibet is Landon's ' Lhasa,'
.2 vols., royal 8vo, 1905, 15s.
Mr. Baker has also a short special list of 80
items, Catalogue 284, devoted to Astrological,
Occult, and Spiritualistic Subjects. These in-
•clude Inman's ' Ancient Faiths,' 2 vols. bound
in 4, 1868-9, 21. 12s. 6d. ; Wilson's ' Dictionary of
Astrology,' 2 vols., 1819-20, 21. 10s. ; ' Incidents
in the Life of Madame Blavatsky,' by Sinnett,
.21. 2s. ; ' Gypsy Sorcery,' by Leland, 1891,
ilimited edition, 11. 10s. ; and Mather's ' Kabbala
Denudata,' 1887, 21. 2s.
Ellis's Catalogue 132 contains choice and
scarce books, such as the first edition of Ogilby's
' xEsop,' 1651, in dark-blue morocco, 9Z. 9s. ;
ithe first Spanish edition of Ariosto, 1549, 61. 6s. ;
•Castillo's ' The Courtyer,' 1561, first edition,
unorocco, 111. 10s. ; Cotgrave's ' French-English
.Dictionary,' first edition, folio, olive morocco,
1611, 12Z. ; a fine tall copy of Drayton's ' Poems,'
1619, 151. 15s. ; the first edition of Fielding's
* Amelia,' 4 vols., 1752, 51. 5s. ; the first collected
-edition of Forde's ' Virtus Rediviva,' 1661,
Wl. 10s. (this copy contains all the separate title-
pages, and has written on the fly -leaf " Thomas
Fforde, his booke cost 3s.") ; and the first edition
•of George Herbert's ' Remains,' 1652, 4Z. 4s.
The best edition, black-letter, of Hall's * Union
of the two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lan-
castre & Yorke,' 1550, is 12Z. j and a beautiful
'Copy of the first edition of Chapman's ' Homer,'
2 vols. in 1, folio, 25Z. There is one of the most
profusely illustrated books issued in France in
the early years of the sixteenth century, Petrus
de Natalibus, ' Catalogus Sanctorum et Gestorum
eorum,' 1508, 12Z. 12s. An excellent copy of the
'Second Folio Shakespeare is priced 180Z., and a
fine one of George Wither's collection of ' Em-
'blemes,' first edition, 1635, russia extra, 21Z.
A section of the Catalogue is devoted to Law,
Trade, and Economics. The first edition of
Chambon's ' Le Commerce de 1'Amerique par
Marseille,' 2 vols., 4to, 1764, an important work
for the Colonial history of America, is 4Z. 4s.
Under Intrationes is a fine example of the Pyn-
son press, ' Intrationum excellentissimus Liber,'
tfolio, black-letter, calf, 22Z.
Messrs. Henry March Gilbert & Son send from
Winchester their Catalogue 36. The Magazine of
Art, 1887-98, is 11. 4s. Under Bohn are 22 vols.
of his Classical Library, half-vellum, 3Z. 17s. 6d. ;
under Brayley and Britton, ' The Beauties of
England and Whales,' 19 vols. in 24, 8vo, full calf,
1801, 1Z. 15s. ; and under Dickens, the first
edition of ' Dombey,' 1848, half -calf, 18s. There
are many items under Hants, including Duthy's
'Sketches,' 1839, 14s.; and Milner's 'Win-
chester,' second and best edition, 2 vols., 4to,
half-calf, 1809, 1Z. 2s. 6d. There is a fine set of
Hume and Smollett, 17 vols., calf, 1841, 1Z. 5s.
Other works include ' The International Library
of Famous Literature,' edited by Garnett, 20 vols.,
11. 10s. ; with oak stand, 2Z. ; Milman's ' Latin
Christianity,' 6 vols., 12s. ; Mommsen's ' Rome,'
4 vols. in 5, 1Z. 2s. 6d. ; and first edition of Rogers's
' Italy,' original boards, 1830, 1Z. 5s. (it will be
remembered that Rogers spent 10,OOOZ. in pro-
ducing this work). Under Waterloo are six tracts
bound in one volume, 1816-19, 10s. 6d. In the
Addenda are the Knebworth edition of Lytton ;
Wheatley's edition of Evelyn, 4 vols., 1Z. Is. ;
Lady Lennox's ' Life and Letters ' ; Siniles's
* Lives of the Engineers,' &c.
Messrs. Maggs Brothers' Catalogue 263 contains
a choice collection of decorative engravings,
principally by English and French artists of the
eighteenth century, in monochrome and colour.
Bartolozzi, Cosway, Morland, Reynolds, Row-
landson, Say, J. R. Smith, C. Turner, and Wheatley
are all represented ; among those after Rem-
brandt are ' Judas casting down the Thirty
Pieces of Silver,' ' Tobit protected by the Angel,'
and ' The Standard-Bearer,' of which an illus-
tration is given. Views of London include
Waterloo Bridge, 1817 ; south view of London
and Westminster from Denmark Hall, near
Camberwell, 1779 ; and Somerset House from
the Strand, 1819. Part IV. contains Napoleonic
caricatures in colours. The Catalogue has many
illustrations, among them being ' Children
throwing Snowballs,' by Ward ; ' Children
Nutting,' by Morland ; * Merry Wives of Windsor.'
by Peters ; and ' Sleeping Nymph,' by Mrs.
Opie.
tn
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us. m. FEB. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
81
SIR CHARLES WENTWORTH DILKE.
THERE have been many sad notes in dear
old ' N. & Q.' since Thorns founded it in 1849,
but none more sad than our note to-day of
the death of the Right Hon. Sir Charles
Wentworth Dilke.
Born on the 4th of September, 1843, at
76, Sloane Street, the house in which he
died on Thursday, the 26th of January,
he came from his earliest years under the
influence of his grandfather, whom he much
loved, and who lived close at hand in a bright
cheerful house in Lower Grosvenor Place,
with a view from the drawing-room windows
of the gardens of Buckingham Palace. Of
the pleasant memories of this he was speak-
ing to me quite recently.
On the death of his wife Mr. Dilke went
to live at Sloane Street, where his son built
a library and rooms for him. It was the old
man's delight to have his grandson with him
among his books and get him to read to him
choice selections from his twelve thousand
volumes. It was in this way that Sir Charles
acquired his large range of knowledge of
literature, and his grandfather's influence
gave the whole tone to his life in politics
and social questions. Many of these topics
found a place in The Athenceum, which
condemned the employment of children
in mines, giving illustrations of their
emaciated condition, and favoured parks
for the people, public libraries, and other
advantages. To carry out the enlarged
ideas of his grandfather was Di Ike's aim
from his youth, and, as is well known, he
worked to secure better conditions for the
people to the last day of his life.
The affection with which his grandfather
regarded The Athenceum Dilke inherited to
the full, and his desire was that the same
spirit of truth and independence should be
maintained as when the paper was under
Mr. Dilke' s control — that it should be
"faithful and just in its criticisms, the
earnest seeker after truth, severe when the
occasion required, but always more happy
when helping to add a name to the roll of
fame than when removing an unworthy one
from it."
It was in 1872 that Sir Charles became
proprietor of ' N. & Q.' on the retirement
of Thorns, who was succeeded by Doran
as editor ; but it was not until soon after
Knight became editor that Dilke joined
" the happy few, the band of brothers."
From that time he read ' N. & Q.' week by
week, following closely every discussion in
its columns ; and though he did not write
such elaborate articles as those by his
grandfather on Pope, Junius, and other
subjects, his contributions over the signa-
ture of D., as will be seen by the last two
General Indexes and the earlier half-yearly
indexes, were most various and suggestive.
He frequently adopted other signatures,
made up of the initials of the first words
of the heading of the article. The question
as to the National Flag greatly interested
him, and he was delighted when the dis-
cussion was finally settled by the official
recognition of the Union Jack. It is curious
that it should have been thought that he
lacked a sense of humour. To those who
knew him his hearty laugh was infectious,
and, besides, how could a man have written
that amusing brochure ' The Fall of Prince
Florestan of Monaco' without an uproarious
sense of fun ?
The review of ' Papers of a Critic ' which
appeared in ' N. & Q.' on the 10th of July,
1875, was by his old friend Thorns.
No record of Dilke' s life would be complete
without a reference to the second Lady
Dilke. Sir Charles as a tribute to her pub-
lished 'The Book of the Spiritual Life,'
which she had written as complementary
to her works * The Shrine of Death ' and
' The Shrine of Love.' This he preceded by
a short memoir, and Knight in his review
which appeared in ' N. & Q.' on the 3rd of
June, 1905, said : ': Admirably has the feat
been accomplished, and though the chivalry
and the devotion are everywhere apparent,
the reticence of the utterance is not less
manifest than its fidelity and truth. It is
the record of 'a noble, industrious, and
well -spent life, memorable in literature,
art, and social progress, and as the final
exposition of a spiritual, practical, and in a
sense optimistic faith.'
JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.
82
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. FEB. 4, mi.
LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY k, 1911.
CONTENTS.-NO. 58.
SIR CHARLES WENTWORTH DILKE, 81.
NOTES :— Tottel, Puttenham, and Chaucer, 82 — "Terra
Susana," 83 — Burial-Entries of Strangers, 84 — "Pas-
senger" in the 'N.E.D.'— Sir Thomas Bodley, M.P., 85—
Ordinaries of Newgate— "The Old Mogul," Drury Lane—
" Vail" : its Use by Scott, 86.
QUERIES :-"Tewke," "Tuke," a kind of Cloth— Prickly
Pear and Monreale Cathedral— Henry, Prince of Wales-
Herbert W. Stebbins- William Elmham — ' Death of
Capt. Cook,' 87— Lea Wilson's Collection of Bibles-
Benjamin Garlike— Scottish Titles conferred by Cromwell
—Sir Francis Bathurst— Long Barrows and Rectangular
Earthworks — Parish Formation— Fairfax : Sayre : Maun-
sell— Sudane or Soudan Family—' Guide for the Penitent,'
88— Pyrrhus's Toe— Warren Family— Sir Charles Chalmers
— Hampshire Map — Amphisbsenic Book — Hungarian Bib-
liography—" Rebecca and her Daughters "— Pawper or
Pauper Bird— Subterranean Chamber in Staffordshire, 89.
REPLIES .-—Thread - Papers — Benjamin Bathurst, 90—
Archdeacon Fifield Allen— Thackeray and the Stage-
Thackeray's Last Words— Matthew Prior's Birthplace-
Bishop FitzGerald, 91— Authors Wanted—" Essex " as a
Christian Name— "Ennomic" — Corpse Bleeding, 92—
Speaker's Chair, 93— Count of the Holy Roman Empire-
Miss Pastrana—" Bolt/on ffaire groates " — Canova's Busts,
94 — Corn and Dishonesty — Smiths of Parndon— Rev.
Sebastian Pitfield's Ghost— Church with Wooden Bell-
Turret—' Flying Dutchman,' 95— Spider's Web and Fever
—Coroner of the Verge— Club Etranger, 96— "Carent"—
Songs of the Peasantry— Inscriptions in Churchyards—
W. J. Lockwood— The Three Wishes— Knots in Handker-
chiefs, 97— Blackstone's ' Commentaries '— Whyteheer, 98.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-' The Oxford English Dictionary.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY :— Canon Hewitt.
TOTTEL' S ' MISCELLANY,' PUTTEN-
HAM'S 'ARTE OF ENGLISH POESIE,'
AND CHAUCER.
ALTHOUGH more than 350 years have passed
since Tottel published his ' Miscellany,' the
authorship of only four of the 134 anonym-
ous poems in his book is claimed to have
been traced, and one of these claims is ex-
tremely doubtful. I have found three more
authors to share in them, Chaucer amongst
the number.
On the strength of a MS. note-book of
verse, partly composed, and partly copied
from others, by a William Forrest, and
finished by him 27 October, 1572, the
authorship of two poems seems to be
definitely settled. One of these (Arber,
p. 173),
I lothe that I did love, Ac.
Forrest assigns to Lord Vaux, and his
assignment is corroborated by George
Gascoigne in the Epistle to young gentlemen
prefixed to the 1575 edition of his * Posies '
(" Cambridge English Classics," p. 11). The
other is the celebrated song (Arber, p. 163)
Geve place you Ladies and begon, &c.
assigned by Forrest to John Heywood.
In the * Arte of English Poesie,' p. 247,
Puttenham unhesitatingly asserts that Lord
Vaux also wrote (Arber, p. 172)
When Cupid scaled first the fort, &c.
Which of the Lords Vaux is meant by
Puttenham, Forrest, and Gascoigne is a
matter that has not been determined, and
is still open to discussion.
Next we come to the doubtful ascription.
In Tottel (p. 164) there are fourteen lines
which seem to be an extract from a poem
formed on the plan of the legends in ' The
Mirror for Magistrates,' and the first letters
of the lines and the final one of the quotation
spell the name " Edwarde Somerset." It
is extremely unlikely that Somerset wrote
these lines, because the conceit of signing
a name in verses was commonly practised
by writers of those times, who sometimes
make the party designated speak in the first
person.
Up to the present, so far as I can learn,
these are the only poems in Tottel's " Un-
certain Authors " that have had authors*
names subscribed to them since the ' Mis-
cellany ' first appeared in June, 1557.
Churchyarde, however, in his * Challenge/
1593, claims that he wrote " many things
in the booke of songs and Sonnets " printed
in Queen Mary's days, meaning, no doubt,
Tottel's work ; but I have sought vainly
through his known work for proof of the
statement, which I do not challenge, for
Churchyarde was a voluminous writer, and
evidently a very honest man and a good
fellow withal. ' The Gorgeous Gallery of
Gallant Inventions,' 1578 — a similar
anthology to Tottel's, and intimately con-
nected with it, for it prints several poems
included in the * Miscellany,' though some-
times in a varied and not easily recognizable
form — -contains one of Churchy arde's songs,
commencing,
The heat is past that did mee fret, &c.
Parke's * Heliconia,' pp. 94-5.
No signature is given, but the original or
amended version of the song, minus two-
stanzas and with variations, occurs in
' Churchyardes Charge,' 1580 (Collier's re-
print, pp. 51-2). But Tottel yields nothing
tike what can be seen hi Churchy arde's
mown work.
ii s. in. FEB. 4, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
The last writer for whom a claim has been
put in is Sir Francis Bryan, who, according
to Michael Drayton (' Elegies,' 1627), had a
share in the ' Miscellany.'
As I had found little difficulty in tracing
PuttenhanVs quotations from Tottel and
others, it occurred to me that some success
might follow from an inquiry into the ante-
cedents of some of these charming little
gems in the * Miscellany,' for it seemed to
me to be a lamentable thing that no progress
had been made in unearthing the authors and
history of a collection of songs and sonnets
which had passed through seven editions
by 1587, and which must have exercised
very great influence on writers and men
and women of culture up to King James's
time, if not beyond. I soon found that Sir
John Harington the Elder had been a
contributor to the collection, and that one of
his poems is of high historical interest ; and
that another piece in it was composed
by Sir Antony St. Leger, who was Lord
Deputy of Ireland from 1540 to shortly
before his death in 1559. But I was more
than surprised to find Chaucer in the
' Miscellany,' although I had noted that there
is verse in Tottel which must belong to
writers of about 1400, or much earlier than
Tottel's time.
In the Aldine edition of ' Chaucer's
Works ' there are two versions of one of the
poet's * Minor Poems,' headed ' Good
Counsel 1 of Chaucer,' both commencing,
Fie fro the pres, and duell with sothfastnesse, <kc.
Vol. VI., pp. 295 and 316-17.
The shorter version consists of three stanzas
of seven lines each, and has various readings
from the longer one, which adds a stanza,
also of seven lines, as the 'Envoy.' Now, if
one turns to Tottel, pp. 194-5, this poem
will be found there, headed " To leade a
vertuous and honest life." The Tottel
poem sometimes agrees with one version of
the Chaucer poems, and sometimes with the
other where it differs from its fellow ; but
it omits the ' Envoy.' Chaucer is said to
have written the verses " upon his dethe
bedde leying in his great anguysse," but
doubts have been cast upon the genuine-
ness of the work. Tyrwhitt, however, and
Godwin admitted its authenticity, and it is
included in most or all authoritative editions
of Chaucer issued in recent years.
I think this evidence is sufficient to
justify us in putting down Chaucer as one
of Tottel's authors, and so leave it.
There is another little matter concerning
Chaucer which may as well be cleared up
now, especially as it concerns Puttenham,.
who quotes as from the poet twice, a*.
ollows : —
O soppe of sorrow soonken into care, &c.
P. 221
When faith failes in Priestes sawes, &c.
P. 232.
The latter quotation, of course, comes from
he ' Minor Poems,' where it is headed
Chaucer's Prophecy ' ; but the other does
not belong to the poet, and is the property-
)f Robert Henryson, forming the opening
>f ' The Complaint of Cresseid ' (see ' Dunbar
Anthology,' p. 17], Oxford Universty Press,'
1901). Puttenham found his quotation in
he 1532 edition of Chaucer's Works, printed,
y Thomas Godfray,* which is really a
iscellany, for it contains pieces by Lyd-
gate, Occleve, Gower, Scoggin, and others,
n prose and verse. CHARLES CRAWFORD.
"TERRA SUSANA."
THIS is a term of rare occurrence. The
only published work in which it seems to-
lave been noticed is in an undated list of
;he possessions of St. Augustine's, Canter-
3ury, following the ' Chronica ' of William
Thorn in Roger Twysden's ' Decem Scrip-
tores,' col. 2202. Thorn wrote about 1397.
The principal passages are these, Arabic
numerals being used in place of Roman : —
' In marisco cum aqua 418 acr. 3 virg. 2 Day-
works et de terra Susana 400 acr. dimid.
3 Dayworks. Item de feodo camerse 130 acr.
5 Dayworks et dimid. Item de feodo vesturse-
de terra marisci 48 acr. Item ;de feodo vestures-
de terra Susana et bosco 42 acr.. 1 rod.
4 Dayworks Item apud Stodmersch de terra.
Susana prati et marisci 488 acr. 1 virg. dimid."
The word is always printed in italics..
Somner, who compiled a glossary to the
* Decem Scrip tores,' says that " terra susana"
means worn-out land, the condition of which
has been exhausted by over-cultivation,,
from the French suranne, " which exceeds a.
year." Ducange, quoting passages in the
above list where the word occurs anJ
Somner' s opinion, adds significantly : " Sed,
ut verum fatear, vim vocis non assequor
omnino." Kelham in his dictionary of the
'Norman or Old French Language' (1779)
has the entry : " Susanne, suranne (terre)^
land worn out with too long ploughing."
This corroborates Somner, and proves that
the word has been found in its French form.
I have not been able to trace any instance-
of this, and should be glad to hear of one.
What has suggested the present note is
that the word occurs in the foundation.
84
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. 4, 1911.
charter of the chapel of Northye, Sussex,
a copy of which is included in the Register
of Bp. Robert Rede of Chichester (1397-
1415), and another at the end of Book Y
in. the Chichester Cathedral muniments.
This charter is shown by internal evidence
to belong to A.D. 1262. The passage is :
" Et tres acras terre mee susane in eadem
parochia [Bixle, i.e. Bexhill] quas Robertus
Bercarius aliquando tenuit de me in Calde-
cote " Book Y reads, " Et tres acras
mee Lusane," which looks as if the copyist
did not understand the term. The Rev. E.
Turner in Suss. Arch. Coll., xix. 23-6,
gives a very free translation of the charter,
and avoids this word altogether.
I have only one more probable instance of
its occurrence, namely, in " Susan's Farm,"
Eastbourne. This has been traced on an
old map, and seems more likely to be a
survival of a piece of terra susana than a
personal place-name.
If it is assumed that the term came from
across the Channel it is natural enough that
it should not occur beyond the counties of
Kent and Sussex. As to its derivation,
Somner's explanation seems unsatisfactory,
for land passed over for the year in ploughing
operations would be fallow rather than
derelict, to become fruitful again after suffi-
cient rest. It seems to be coupled with
marshland in Kent, and William de Northye's
grant shows that it was near five other acres
aquis et fossatis circumquaque inclusas."
An ingenious guess, therefore, has been made
that it may be land soused, or subject to
periodical flooding in wet seasons ; but this
•conjecture could not " hold water " if the
term came from Normandy, and its French
origin seems to be matter of certainty.
Littre gives no help, nor does the word occur
in Moisy's ' Glossaire Anglo -Normand,' or
* Dictionnaire du Patois Normand ' ; but
M. Eusebe de Lauriere in his ' Glossaire
du Droit Francois ' (a Paris, 1704, torn. ii.
p. 397) explains the term " Susan, Surana-
tion," thus : —
" When a process commenced has not been
followed up .... or when a Sentence, a com-
mission, a judge's mandamus, or a prince's
rescript has not been put into execution within
the year. ..."
and a note is added : —
" In France a rescript which any one has
obtained from the prince perishes in the ye;-r if
it has not b een used, like a Pontifical rescript."
Such a process then becomes useless, of no
value ; so does over-cultivated land. May
this be the clue to the meaning of terra
susana, or is it to be sought elsewhere ?
The double form sur, sus, gives no difficulty.
Both in Normandy were equivalent to the
Latin super, says Kelham, sub becoming suz.
CECIL DEEDES.
Chichester.
BURIAL-ENTRIES OF STRANGERS.
I HAVE sometimes thought what an excellent
thing it would be for genealogical searchers
if the numberless entries in parish registers
of the burial of strangers (where parishes or
places are mentioned) could be made gene-
rally accessible. Unquestionably, some of
these " foreign " entries, could they be known
to interested parties, would supply many a
missing pedigree-link ; but they occur
where no ordinary searcher would dream of
looking for them. Large towns, or even
villages situated on important roads, would
probably supply many examples.
By way of illustration, I append a series
of rough notes I recently extracted from the
unprinted registers of St. Peter's, Notting-
ham, during a recent search over a period
of about 'a century. I may add that scores
of officers and soldiers occur among burials
of the Civil War period, many of whom were
doubtless far from their homes : —
1573. John, son of Tho. Forman of Strelley,
Notts, buried.
1576. " One Michaell, a stranger, who by his
own confession came from within a myle of
Oxforde, and departed at the house of one Robert
Wilkenson in the towne of Nott., bookebynder,"
buried.
1593. Sir James Abercrumby buried.
1599. Robert, son of William Burbidge, late
of Stanton-le-Stones, co. Derby, buried.
1612. Martin Hornesey, gent., prisoner, buried.
1614. Nicholas Neale, gent., traveller, buried.
1624. Mary, d. of Mr. William Tomlinson,
minister of Thorpe, near Ashburn, co. Derby,
buried.
1628. An, d. of William Couper of Burton
Jorse, buried.
1628. Richard Muston of Cropwell Butler,
buried.
1636. Gervase WTest, gent., " chiefe cooke to
the right honourable Lord Chamberlaine to the
Kings Maiesty," buried.
1640. Symon, son of Richard Bullock of Lon-
don, deceased, buried.
1655. John, son of Mr. Walter Whalley of
Cotgrave, buried.
1656. Ruth, wife to Squire Middleton, buried.
1659. Richard Ryder, gent., buried at Sauley.
1659. Mrs. Mary, widow of Tho. Cooke of
Whatton, buried.
1675. Mary, d. to Mr. John Hull, London,
baptized.
1680. John, son of Thomas and Dorothy
Towle of Bramcoate, baptized.
1681. Sarah, d. of Henery Tealar and Dorothy,
of Darley, co. Derby, baptized.
ii s. in. FEB. 4, MIL] NOTES AND QUEEIES.
85
1686. Richard, s. of Thomas Levis, of Beeston.
and Mary, baptized.
1666. Fortune, d. of John Lawson, of Lenton,
buried.
1666. Thomas Sanderson of Shelford, buried.
1668. Anne, wife of William Webb, citizen of
London, buried.
1669. Thomas Boylston, gent., and citizen
of London, buried.
1671. Jane, wife of Richard Squire of Kinalton,
buried.
1672. Luke Killingworth, of Killingworth in
Northumberland, Esq., buried " in ye Middle
Alley of ye Church."
1675. Susannah, d. of John Speed of Basford,
gent., buried.
1675. William Presley of Howbecke, P.
Cuckney. buried.
1675. John Baldocke of Widmerpoole buried.
1676. Mary, d. of Thomas Beamon of Blyth,
Notts, buried.
1676. Ann, d. of James Coxe, of Outhorpe,
buried.
1676. Mary, d. of Thomas Lorrinton of Stones-
ley, co. Leicester, buried.
1677. " Henry Smith, of ye County of Yorke,"
buried.
1678. Martha, d. of William Round of Alfreton
co. Derby, buried.
1678. Jonathan, s. of Jqnathan Martin of
Duffield, buried.
1678. Francis, son of the late Andrew Clarke,
gent., of Yorke, buried.
1679. Mary, d. of Isaac Wollet of Haslewood
P. Duffield, co. Derby, buried.
1679. Adam Adcock of London buried.
1679. Susannah, d. of Thomas Newham of
Arnold, buried.
1680. Cornelius Launder of Alfreton, co.
Derby, buried.
1680. Jane, d. of Thomas Athorpe of [blank],
co. Yorke, gent., buried.
1680. Thomas, s. of George Blagg of Gedling,
buried.
1681. George, son of Peter Jackson of Mans-
field, buried.
1682. John, s. of Andrew Buxton of Great
Cropwell, buried.
1682. John, s. of the late Mr. John Ward of
London, buried.
1682. Ann, wife of Will. Fletcher of Derby,
buried.
1683. Elizabeth, d. of Samuel Spencer of
Lenton, gent., buried.
1684. Martha, wife of William Wheateley of
Ruddington, buried.
1684. John Whittecar of Leeke, co. Stafford,
buried.
1686. Anne, d. of William Raggsdale of Edwal-
ton, buried.
1686. Katherine, wife of Robert Warner of
Papleweeke, co. Nottm., buried.
1686. Mary, d. of James Bingham of
ECigham, co. Derby, buried.
1686. Mr. John Viccars of Loughborrow
buried.
1688. Mary Greene of Shelf orde buried.
1689. William, s. of Ed — Aster of Beeston,
buried.
1689. " A Dutch Souldjer." [Repeated in
the same year.]
A. STAPLETON.
" PASSENGER " IN THE ' N.E.D.' — Meaning
No. 6 is given by Sir James Murray as follows:
" Slang. One of the crew of a racing-boat who
adds to the weight without contributing his share
to the work ; hence an ineffective member of a
football team, etc."
The only quotation is one from The Guardian,
25 May, 1892 : "In the ordinary amateur
band there are always several ' passengers.' '
The date at which the slang meaning had
come into use is indicated by " 1885 [Re-
membered at Oxford]." That it was familiar
at Cambridge four years earlier than this
can be proved by a definitely dated example
with the meaning of a useless man in a boat.
In the second volume of The Cambridge
Review, in the number for 1 June, 1881,
appeared " The Naval Contest at Ditton,
Thucydides, ix. 1." signed H. R. T(hu-
cydides), i.e. H. R. Tottenham, fellow
of St. John's. On p. 355 are the words
** nor is it likely that they will carry many
supernumeraries (7T€piWa>s, Anglice pas-
sengers] " Mr. Tottenham's brilliant parody
was reprinted in his ' Cluvienus his Thoughts,'
Cambridge, 1895.
Canon Ainger in his ' Crabbe ' (" English
Men of Letters") seems to have made a
singular mistake about the meaning la of
the ' N.E.D.,' " A passer by," in dealing
with a statement in the Rev. George Crabbe' s
life of the poet : —
"Having left my mother at the inn, he walked
into the town alone, and suddenly staggered in the
street and fell. He was lifted up by the passengers."
-P. 161, 1834 ed.
Ainger's comment is " probably from the
stage-coach from which they had just
alighted" (p. 79, chap. v.). Surely the
people passing in the street are here meant.
EDWARD BENSLY.
SIB THOMAS BODLEY, M.P.— The ' D.N.B.'
states that " his first attempt to enter into
public life seems to have been unsuccess-
fully made in 1584, when he was recom-
mended by Sir Francis Cobham for election
to parliament as M.P. for Hythe."
On referring to ' The Barons of the Cinque
Ports and the Parliamentary Representa-
tion of Hythe,' by the late George Wilks,
Esq., Town Clerk, I find a copy of Lord
Cobham' s recommendation, dated from Cob-
ham Hall 25 October, 1584, and signed W.
Cobham ; and at p. 63 the entry in the
Corporation Assembly Book is given thus : —
" Memorandum — That the 27th daye of October.
1584, Mr. Mayor, the Juratts, and Comon'ty,
being assembled in the Comon Hall there, touch-
ing the answering of a letter sent from Mr,
Lieutenant of Dover Castle, in the name of the
86
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. FEB. t, mi.
Lord Warden [of the Cinque Ports, Lord Cobham],
therein his honor maketh request to have the
nomynation and election of one of the Burgesses
to the Parliament wch goe out of Hethe uppon the
next Sumons for the same, whereuppon the sayd
Mayor, Juratts, and Comon'ty have uppon good
consideration granted his honor's request, and
4ihat his honor shalbe answered accordingly.
"Memorandum — That the first daye of November,
1584, Mr. Mayor, Juratts, and Comon'ty being
assembled in the Town Hall there, to choose and
appointe Burgesses to the Parliament to be
holden the xxiij*1 day of this instant of Novem-
ber at Westmr accordinge to the Sumons in that
behalfe directed, as also accordinge to the effect
of a 1're sentt to the sayd Mayor, Juratts, and
•Comons from our Lord Warden in the behalfe of
one Mr. Thomas Bodyly, whoe is ellected to be
one of the said Burgesses by the Lords of Her
Ma*?* Privie Councell, and also p'ferred unto us
by y* Lord Warden as a man very meet for the
«ame, and lykewise allowed to be one by the sayd
Assembly. And for the Election of y* other
JBurgesse for the sayd towne, the sayd Assembly
have no'iated, elected, and chosen, Christopher
Honiwood, gent, Mayor there, together with the
sayd Mr. Bodyly, to be and appeare at Westm'
at the day above sayd."
From this it appears, not that Bodley was
unsuccessful, but that he was elected.
The next election was in September, 1586,
when two fresh candidates were elected.
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sand gate.
OBDINABIES OF NEWGATE. (See 10 S. vii.
408, 454; viii. 10, 278; 11 S. ii. 325.)—
In The Pvblic Advertiser, Wednesday, 20
October, 1773, there is a report of the pro-
ceedings at the Court of Aldermen at Guild-
hall, when, the resignation of the Rev. John
Wood of the office of Ordinary of New-
gate being announced, a curious debate
took place. The Lord Mayor, James Towns-
end, recommended Mr. Silas Told for the
vacant post,
"because for above 20 years the said Told had
repeatedly of his own accord gone in the cart with
the condemned prisoners to Tyburn to sing and
pray with them and give them spiritual food.
This recommendation, however, did not meet
with the approval of the Court.
Silas Told, whose portrait appears in
Hogarth's ' March to Tyburn,' is a familiar
name to students of the history of crime,
and a full account of him is given in Major
Griffiths's * Chronicles of Newgate.'
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
[See also the references to Told sited by MR. A. L.
HUMPHREYS at 10 S. x. 390.]
" THE OLD MOGUL," DBUBY LANE. —
The destruction of this old public-house,
with the Middlesex Music -Hall adjoining
it, removes another ^.London landmark
familiar to all who know Drury Lane.
Those who can remember the Drury Lane
of the seventies will note how completely
and entirely it has altered since that time.
In a very little while virtually the whole
lane will have been rebuilt, and what was
at one time a most disreputable thorough-
fare will become as respectable as Gharing
Cross Road.
" The Old Mogul " occupies the ground
formerly covered by " The Mogul's Head,"
which was a well-known tavern in the reign
of Charles II. ; and Nell Gwynne lived on
the opposite side of the lane. The music-
hall has twice been rebuilt within the last
sixty years, and is notable only as the place
where many artists who afterwards became
famous made their first appearance. George
Augustus Sala described a night there some
thirty years ago.
FBEDEBICK T. HIBGAME.
" VAIL " : ITS USE BY SCOTT. — Reprints
of Scott's poems and novels persistently give
" veil " where " vail " was undoubtedly the
form intended and duly written by the
author. " Vail," to lower, which is distinct
from " veil," to cover, is well illustrated
in Shakespeare. Typical examples are those
in ' Venus and Adonis,' 1. 956, where the
amorous goddess is said to have " vail'd
her eyelids " ; in * The Merchant of Venice,'
I. i. 28, in which passage a noble vessel comes
to the mind's eye as " vailing her high-top
lower than her ribs " ; and in ' Hamlet,'
I. ii. 70, where the Queen of Denmark
deprecates the " vailed lids " of her per-
plexing son.
Scott seems to have liked the word, and
he uses it appositely in various circumstances.
One well-known example is in ' Marmion,'
iii. 234, in the expression "Princes vail
their eyes." Reprints after Lockhart's time
frequently have the reading " veil " in this
passage. In special editions, however,
critical experts have restored the original
version, and their example is beginning to be
followed by those who superintend a com-
plete issue of the poetical works. A reading
in ' The Lord of the Isles,' which has not
been so widely and closely considered as the
earlier poem, has not had the same good
fortune. This occurs in i. 239, where the
Lady Edith is asked to notice how Ronald's
galley stoops her mast to the gale,
As if she vail'd its banner'd pride,
To greet afar her prince's bride.
" Veil'd " is the reading presented here in
what is virtually an excellent edition of
Scott's poems in a single volume. In the
us. in. FEB. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
87
same work, however, the ' Marmion ' passage
is correctly given.
Two instances from a reprint of " The
Author's Edition" of 'The Talisman' may
suffice meanwhile to show how the case stands
in the novels. Near the beginning of
chap. xxiv. we read of spiritual dignitaries
4< who in those days veiled not their bonnets
to created being." Scott must have written
the other word. In the song of ' The Bloody
Vest,' which Blondel sings in chap, xxvi.,
this couplet appears : —
And say unto my lady, in this dear night-weed
dressed,
To the best armed champion I will not veil my
crest.
It is evident what the reading here ought
to be. THOMAS BAYNE.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" TEWKE," " TUKE," A KIND OF CLOTH —
References to this are frequent from c. 1490
to 1553. Rogers, * Agric. and Prices,' has
from Oxford, 1494, " 1 piece of Tewke for
Tergates," 112 yds. at Is. 3d. ; and from
Cambridge, 1496, 12 yds. "Tewke" at
Is. Id. A will of 1496 has " gownes lyned
with Tuke " ; and Palsgrave, 1530, has
" Tewke to make purses of [Fr.] trelis."
(Littre explains treillis as " grosse toile dont
on fait des sacs.") An inventory of church
goods at Stafford, 1552-3, has " one canopy
of tewke, ij f rentes of sylke, iij crosse
clothes, ij of sarsnet, and the other of tewke."
We should be glad to know if anything
has been discovered as to the nature of this
cloth, and especially as to the derivation
of the name tewke. (Connexion with High
German tuch is hardly to be thought of at
that date ; the Dutch and Flemish was
doec, doek.) J. A. H. MURRAY.
Oxford.
PRICKLY PEAR AND MONREALE CATHEDRAL.
— Botanists seem to be satisfied that the
prickly-pear cactus, now common in southern
Mediterranean lands, is not indigenous,
and was introduced there from America in,
I think, the seventeenth century. In the
Cathedral at Monreale, near Palermo, is a
well-known series of mosaics, representing
Biblical incidents, executed, it is said, in the
time of the Normans, by Byzantine artists.
When I saw these (now 22 years ago), I
thought that I observed several instances
in which the artist had depicted common
objects which he saw around him. For
example, Esau in quest of venison pursues
quail, the wild game in the artist's day (as
I supposed), and still, I believe, hunted on
the slopes of the neighbouring Monte Pelle-
grino. Similarly Adam and Eve, after their
expulsion from the Garden of Eden, are
represented as clothed (rather uncomfortably)
with leaves which to my eye were those of
the prickly pear.
Possibly this mosaic is not now in its
original condition ; or I may have been
wrong in thinking that the prickly pear was
represented as the substitute for the fig
leaves. I cannot pay another visit to Mon-
reale to verify my impression, nor can I here
consult any description or history of the
mosaics. I shall therefore be greatly obliged
if any of your readers will give me informa-
tion on the subject. THOMAS LANGTON.
80, Beverley Street, Toronto.
HENRY, PRINCE OP WALES : MARK ON
HIS NECK. — In literature contemporaneous
with him I have discovered what appears
to be an allusion to Henry, Prince of Wales
(son of James I.), who died in 1612. Among
other characteristics, the person alluded to
is described as having a mole, or some similar
mark, on his neck. Had Prince Henry
such a mark on his neck ?
If this can be shown to be the case, the
allusion will be established, and will prove
to be interesting, if not important. P.
Philadelphia.
HERBERT W. STEBBINS. — The address is
earnestly desired of Herbert W. Stebbins,
who made inquiry in The Genealogist of
October, 1900, concerning my ancestor
Stephens Thomson, Attorney-General of
Virginia 1703-14, and his descendants.
(Miss) KATE MASON ROWLAND.
C/G Virginia Historical Society,
Richmond, Virginia.
WILLIAM ELMHAM. — I am astonished to
see that William Elmham, governor of
Bayonne, admiral of the English fleet
" versus portes boreales " in 1379, a partisan
of Richard II., is not mentioned in the
' Dictionary of National Biography.' What
more is known of him ?
EDME DE LAURME,
Soignies.
' DEATH OF CAPT. COOK/ — This piece was
performed at Covent Garden in March,
1789. Can any reader oblige me with infor-
mation regarding four of the cast, viz., Mr.
Blurton, Mr. Cranfield, Mr. Darley, and
88
NOTES AND QUERIES. tu s, m. FEB. 4, 1911.
Miss Francis ? I should also be glad of ' PABISH FORMATION. — Where may I find
any bibliographical information regarding
the French piece from which this ballet
was adapted. R. H.
LEA WILSON'S COLLECTION OF BIBLES.
— I shall be obliged if any reader can give
me information as to the disposal of the
collection of Bibles, &c., belonging to Lea
Wilson, of which a catalogue was printed in
1845. If the collection was sold by auction,
I should be glad to know the date of the sale.
I specially desire to discover the present
location of the copies of three editions of the
Metrical Psalms which appear in the cata-
logue, viz. :— 39. The Psalms, &c. 16mo,
Schilders, Middelburg, 1599. 78. The
Psalms, 16mo, Raban, Aberdeen, 1629.
79. The Psalms, 16mo, Hart, Edinburgh,
1630. WILLIAM COWAN.
BENJAMIN GABLIKE. — Is anything known
about the career of Benjamin Garlike,
British Minister at Copenhagen 1805-7 ?
Is any biographical sketch in existence ?
W. R. PBIOB.
SCOTTISH TITLES CONFEBBED BY OLIVEB
CBOMWELL. — Mark Napier states in his
life of John Graham of Claverhouse, Vis-
count Dundee (1859), vol. i. p. 217, that the
Marquess of Argyll and Sir Archibald John-
stone, commonly called Lord Warriston,
had titles given by Oliver Cromwell. I have
never heard of Scotch titles being conferred
by the Protector. It is probable, however,
that the statement is correct. - Can any-
one tell me what the titles were, and if
others were given by him to Scotchmen ?
L. S. M.
SIB FBANCIS BATHUBST. — Sir Francis
Bathurst went to Georgia about 1734 with
his wife Frances and some of his family.
About 1737 his wife died in Georgia, and
soon after Sir Francis was married by the
Rev. John Wesley to Mary Pember, the
widow of the Attorney-General of Antigua.
It is supposed that Sir Francis and his wife
sailed for England after this marriage,
possibly with Wesley. Can any reader
verify this, and give date and place of death
of Sir Francis and his wife Mary ?
AGNES.
LONG BABBOWS AND RECTANGULAB
EABTHWOBKS. — I should be glad of refer-
ences to papers dealing with long barrows
associated with rectangular earthworks.
EDITOB ' BBADFOBD ANTIQTJABY.'
the fullest and most trustworthy account
of the formation of the ancient parishes of
England ? GBEGOBY GBUSELIEB.
FAIBFAX : SAYBE : MAUNSELL. — Mar-
garet, daughter of Sir Thomas Fairfax of
Silling, co. York, and widow of William
Sayre of Worsall, between 1531 and 1535
married a Richard Maunsell (Durham Cur-
sitor Records, Deputy Keeper's Reports).
1. Who was this Richard ? I think he
was brother of William M. of York, or at
any rate one of the Yorkshire family, but
I want proof.
2. When did Margaret die ?
3. Is there any reference to issue by this
marriage, or any other information ?
D. MAUNSELL.
SUDANE, SOUDAN, OB SOLDANK FAMILY :
INSUDANEYE. — I should be obliged to any
reader of ' N. & Q.' who could give me infor-
mation regarding a family named Sudane
or Soldank (the latter is Hasted' s spelling).
This family was a distinguished one ; a
certain Stephen Soudan took part in the
Barons' Wars (Henry III.). Hugo Soldank
held the manor of Hopland, Westbere,
Kent, in that reign, as well as that of East
Sutton or Sutton Court. Thorpe several
times mentions the name in his ' Chronicle *
('Decem Scriptores') in connexion with
charters of St. Augustine's monastery, the
abbots of which were lords paramount of
most manors in the vicinity. The name iu
question is variously spelt by Thorpe,
Soldani, Soldan, &c.
As early as circa A.D. 940 reference is made
to " terram quse continet xliiij manentes, in
loco qui dicitur Insudaneye," close to the
Isle of Thanet, and " cur tern xij manentes
habentem in loco qui dicitur Sturreye."
Can any one locate Insudaneye ? This
place seems to me to have been near Chislet.
Any information will be much valued.
J. F. PITMAN.
' GUIDE FOB THE PENITENT.' — Who is the
author of the ' Guide for the Penitent ' fre-
quently, even in Jeremy Taylor's lifetime,
bound up with 'The Golden Grove,' and
hence often erroneously ascribed to the
Bishop ? The author is referred to in the
preface of many editions as "of the highest
order of the Church." The ' Guide ' has
been published separately at least once —
by the S.P.C.K. in 1852, edited by C. T. B.,
probably Chas. Black. I can find no clue
at the B.M. to the authorship.
E. M. Fox.
ii s. JIL FEB. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
89
PYRRHUS'S TOE. — In Sir Thomas Browne's
* Hydriotaphia ' is an allusion to " Pyrrhus
his toe," which could not be burnt. Where
can I find an explanation of this allusion ?
I have searched in vain through every
annotated edition that I have found, and
in many books of reference. E. M. Fox,
WARREN FAMILY. — Could any reader
furnish particulars of the " Virtus mihi
scutum " Warrens of Middlesex, Surrey,
Herts, &c., between 1600 and 1698 ? I
possess details from 912 to 1600. Gilbert
Warren was living at the 1634 Heralds'
Visitation at the hamlet of Colney. Thomas
Warren (Middlesex 16-), who was from
Poynton, Cheshire, used exactly the same
arms. Please reply direct.
J. R. WARREN WARREN.
Little Maplestead, Halstead, Essex.
SIR CHARLES CHALMERS, BT. — His name
appears, as such, in the Army List of 1755,
as a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery. He
died at Valdore in India on 1 November,
1760. Wanted information as to the
baronetcy. When was it conferred, and
when did it become extinct ?
J. H. LESLIE, Major R.A. (retired).
Dykes Hall, Sheffield.
HAMPSHIRE MAP. — I have the north-west
portion of a map (unfortunately badly
mutilated) of Hampshire which is adorned
with engravings of the principal scenes,
my portion containing views of Silchester
walls with a plan, Carisbrook Castle, and
Portchester Castle. The map is well exe-
cuted, and the engravings are good ; it
would appear to date from about the period
of the late 18th or early 19th century. Can
any of your readers inform me where this
has been taken from and its exact date ?
T. A. OPPE.
51, Moorgate Street, E.C.
AMPHISB^NIC BOOK. — The Bodleian
Library prints a ' Staff-Kalendar ' for the
use of those employed there. The first
issue was that of 1902 (4 May— 31 Dec.), and
consisted of 80 printed pages and 16 blank,
for notes.
With the issue for 1905 began the habit of
printing a ' Supplement to the Staff-Kalen-
dar,' " meant to be revised and enlarged
yearly, until it becomes as far as possible a
complete directory to the practice of the
library." In order to make reference to
either part of the book instantaneous, the
Supplement begins at the other end of the
book from the Kalendar, with a separate
cover-title, title-page, and pagination. The
whole of this matter is, by necessary con-
sequence, inverted as compared with the
Kalendar.
Are there any other modern books so
printed ? Has MR RALPH THOMAS a
" bibliographical term " for such a book ?
The one that heads this query seems hardly
adequate, though it suggests the facts.
Q. V.
HUNGARIAN BIBLIOGRAPHY. — Where can
I get copies of the following ? —
1. 'Resurrection of Hungary.'— Printed in Ireland
in 1904.
2. * Hungarian Protestantism ' (T. Watts-Dunton).
—Printed in 1906 or 1907.
3. A book on Hungarian gipsies by Walter Crane.
I have not been able to find these in the B.M.
Catalogue. W. H. SHRUBSOLE.
29, Halons Road, Elthara, Kent.
" REBECCA AND HER DAUGHTERS." —
The Times of 5 January, in noticing a book
on the Rebecca Riots in Wales, says that
Miss Evans, the editor of it, does not
"allow the etymology of 'Rebecca' which traces
the term to Gen. xxiv., 60, where her family bless
Rebekah and say, * Let thy seed possess the gate
of those which hate them.' The rioters, she says,
determined to dress Thomas Rees, one of their
leaders, in women's garments, and came across a
tall stout old maid named Rebecca, whose dress
was made to fit him."
Is this upsetting of a long-cherished belief
justifiable ? May not the encounter with
the stalwart spinster have been merely a
confirmation of a name previously selected
as being of good omen to the cause ? I
fancy that Thomas Rees was to be of the
petticoated sex in order to represent the
Biblical Rebekah. ST. SWITHIN.
PAWPER OR PAUPER BIRD. — William
Harrison in his ' Description of England,'
1577, Book III., chap. ii. ' Of Wild and
Tame Foules,' says : —
" As for egrets, paivpers, and such like, they are
dailie brought unto us from beyond the sea, as if
all the foule of our countrie could not suffice to
satisfie our delicate appetites."
This bird, it is stated, is mentioned, in an
Act of Parliament relating to grain temp.
Queen Elizabeth. Of what description, and
whence, is this bird ? L. S.
SUBTERRANEAN CHAMBER MENTIONED IN
PLOT'S ' HISTORY OF STAFFORDSHIRE.' —
Hargreave Jennings in his book on the
Rosicrucians gives an account of a sub-
terranean chamber mentioned by Dr. Plot in
90
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. 4, 1911.
his ' History of Staffordshire,' published
in the reign of Charles II. Plot also says that
the place became afterwards famed as the
sepulchre of one of the brotherhood. The
Spectator, No. 379, for Thursday, 15 May,
1712, has an account of it.
Can any one tell me the exact locality, and
is the place still in existence ? C. L. K.
THREAD-PAPERS.
(11 S. iii. 8.)
I HAVE a clear recollection of my mother's
thread-papers, as one of them found after
her death in 1887 was made from an early
plan of the Alexandra Palace estate, and,
as I have never seen another copy, is now a
much-valued item in my local collection.
Thread was bought in skeins, and then
cut into pieces of uniform length ; these
were passed through flattened tubes made
of stout paper to prevent their getting
entangled. These flattened tubes were called
" thread-papers." GEORGE POTTER.
10, Priestwood Mansions, Highgate, N.
A hank or skein of thread was stitched up
by the domestic sempstress in a narrow
piece of soft paper, about 9 or 12 inches long,
leaving the ends free, for convenience of use,
and to keep it from being ravelled or tangled.
By the time the thread was finished, the
paper, known as a " thread-paper," became
pinched up, wrinkled, and ragged by much
handling, so that " worn to a thread-paper "
was a phrase commonly applied to any
person or thing in like condition. I suppose
the wooden reel, which I was taught to call
a bobbin, has superseded the thread-paper.
W. C. B.
I believe that thread-papers were long
strips of paper folded twice longitudinally,
in which our grandmothers, or great grand-
mothers, kept skeins of thread, so cut that
they could draw out a doubled-up needleful
at will. I have seen Berlin wools so arranged,
and the different shades of one colour
arranged in sequence in one bundle of these
paper sheaths. When they were merely
thread-papers, they would not be very
bulky. I remember hearing some tall
attenuated women referred to as " thread-
papers without the thread." I suppose poor
Strephon wished to suggest that the lady of
his heart would use the paper on which his
verses were inscribed for work-bag purposes
ST. SWITHIN.
The following passage from Sheridan's
Rivals ' (1775) proves that the word was not
restricted to journalistic use, nor to the
early eighteenth century : —
Thos Is she rich, hey ?
Fag. Rich ! — Why, I believe she owns half the
stocks ! Zounds ! Thomas, she could pay the
national debt as easily as I could my washer-
woman ! She has a lapdog that eats out of gold, —
she feeds her parrot with small pearls, — and all
tier Ihread-papers are made of bank-notes !
Act I. sc. i.
So MR. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL'S quotation
trom " poor Strephon's " letter is another
instance of the usual diffidence evinced by
poets in prefaces, introductions, dedications,
and accompanying letters. J. F. BENSE.
Arnhem, the Netherlands.
In bygone times threads, wools, and
sewing silks were universally sold in skeins.
To prevent entanglement, the ladies would
take a half sheet of letter-paper — note-paper
was not used in those days — and fold it in
four. The skein would be opened, and its
two sides put under the outer sides of the
paper ; the two middle sides would then be
doubled together ; and generally the paper
was fastened by a bit of thread being tied
about an inch from each end of it. The
skein was cut at one end ; and when a
needleful was required, it was drawn
through the paper from the uncut end.
As old letters were frequently used for
the purpose, it is easy to see how one's letter
was put among the thread-papers.
S. S. M'DowALL.
[MR. TOM JONES and MB. W. NORMAN also
thanked for replies.]
BENJAMIN BATHURST (11 S. iii. 46). —
The best account of the " disappearance " of
this diplomat with which I am acquainted
is in the first series of Mr. Baring-Gould's
' Historic Oddities and Strange Events '
(1889). The article originally appeared in
The Cornhill Magazine, vol. Iv. p. 279 et seq.
The skeleton described in The Observer
is not the first skeleton which has been
suggested to be the remains of Bathurst.
W. P. COURTNEY.
The Morning Post gave a special account
of the finding of the supposed skeleton of
Benjamin Bathurst at Perleberg, the first two
articles, written by their Berlin corre-
spondent, appearing in the issues of 13 and
14 December last, and on the 16th there was
a further article entitled ' The Mystery of
Perleberg.' The connexion of the paper
with the Bathurst family suggests that the
ii s. in. FEB. 4, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
91
articles were written with special knowledge
of the circumstances attending the dis-
appearance of Benjamin Bathurst.
ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
The Morning Post of 13 December, 1910,
had at p. 7 two columns on this subject.
This article was followed up in succeeding
issues, including one on the 16th. The issue
for the 24th contained a long and very
important letter from the great-niece of the
diplomatist, signed Katharine Bathurst, and
dated 20 December from 10, Bloomfield
Terrace. This letter occupies over two
columns. There is also another short letter
from a niece by marriage of the Hon.
Algernon Percy, the fianct of one of Benjamin
Bathurst's daughters, signed Emmeline
Drummond, and dated 23 December from
Bardon Hill, Leicester.
As the skeleton to which L. L. K. alludes
was smashed into fragments before the
authorities came on the scene, it is unlikely
that its discovery will throw any light on the
old mystery. JOHN B. WAINEWBIGHT.
[W. H. B. B. also thanked for reply.]
FIFIELD ALLEN, ARCHDEACON OF MIDDLE-
SEX (US. ii. 449, 517).— In his will, dated
19 November, 1756, Dr. Allen mentions his
wife by name as Frances, she being then
alive ; therefore he must have been twice
married — not once merely, as would be
inferred from my communication at the
second reference. WILLIAM MCMTJRRAY.
THACKERAY AND THE STAGE (11 S. iii.
28). — Thackeray contributed ' Jeames's
Diary ' to Punch from 16 August, 1845 ;
and the last instalment appeared on
31 January, 1846. In this it is stated that
Jeames de la Pluche had only one thing in
life to complain of — that a witless version
of his adventures had been produced at
the Princess's Theatre, "without your
leaf, or by your leaf." I have hitherto
failed to trace the date and particulars of
this production. Can any one assist me ?
S. J. A. F.
THACKERAY'S LAST WORDS (11 S. iii. 47). —
Dickens (see " National Edition " of his
works, vol. xxxiv. p. 453) wrote an ' In
Memoriam : W. M. Thackeray ' in The
Cornhill Magazine of February, 1864. In
this paper he speaks of going over " all that
he had written of his latest and last story,"
and the next paragraph begins : —
"The last line he wrote, and the last propt he
corrected, are among the papers through which I
have so sorrowfully made my way. The condition of
the little pages of manuscript where Death stopped
his hand, shows that he had carried them about and
often taken them out of his pocket here and there,
for patient revision and interlineation. The last
words he corrected in print, were, * And my heart
throbbed with an exquisite bliss.' "
NEL MEZZO.
Thackeray was found dead on the morning
of 24 December, 1863, not that of Christmas
Day. A. N. Q.
MATTHEW PRIOR'S BIRTHPLACE (11 S.
iii. 47).— In 'The Life of Matthew Prior,'
prefacing his ' Poetical Works,' printed for
and under the direction of G. Cawthorn,
British Library, Strand, 1797, it is stated
that the poet was the son of Mr. George Prior,
joiner and citizen of London, where he was
born 21 July, 1664.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
The following reference to a Matthew Prior
is given for what it is worth. John Fawconer
of Kingsclere, Hants, Esq., refers in his will
(P.C.C. 708 Wootton), dated 21 June, 1658,
to " Matthew Prior and his wife." Places
mentioned in the will are Thatcham, Berks,
Winchester, and Salisbury. F. S. SNELL.
The admirable and fully annotated edition
of Johnson's ' Lives of the Poets ' by Dr.
Birkbeck Hill (Clarendon Press, 1905) might
be consulted with advantage. See vol. ii.
p. 180. NEL MEZZO.
[MR. M. L. R. BBESLAR also thanked for reply.]
WILLIAM FITZGERALD, BISHOP OF CLON-
FERT (11 S. ii. 489; iii. 53).— He was the
elder son of John FitzGerald, Dean of
Cork (1628), by Catherine, 6th dau. of
Richard Boyle, Archbishop of Tuam (1638-
1644) ; was born in Cork in 1641, educated
there under Mr. Bate, and matriculated at
Trin. Coll, Dublin, 22 June, 1660, aged 19.
His degrees are not recorded. He was
appointed Dean of Cloyne 13 June, 1671 ;
Archdeacon of Ross 24 Nov., 1675 ; and
Bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh 1 July,
1691, being consecrated in Christ Church
Cathedral, Dublin, 26 July following. He
m. 1st, in July, 1684, Letitia, 2nd dau. of
Sir John Cole, 1st Bt., of Newlands, co.
Dublin ; and 2ndly Salisbury, 2nd dau.
of Sir Thomas Taylor, 1st Bt., of Kells, co.
Meath ; but left no issue. He d. 7 Aug.,
1722. His widow m. 2ndly General James
Crofts, and d. at Bath 5 Jan., 1724.
G. D. B.
92
NOTES AND QUERIES. in s. ra. FEB. 4, 1911.
ATJTHOBS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (US.
iii. 48).— The authorship of
The kiss of the sun for pardon
was mentioned in The Spectator of 14
January. It was ascribed to D. F. Gurney.
R. B.
Upton.
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHRISTIAN NAME (US. ii. 328, 374, 394, 437,
534).— Sir Thomas Lake (1567 ?— 1630),
Secretary of State and elder brother of
Arthur Lake, Bishop of Bath and Wells,
purchased the estate of Canons in 1604. His
third son, Lancelot (d. 1646), left a son
Lancelot, who was M.P. for Middlesex in the
Convention of 1660 and in the Parliament of
1661, was knighted at Whitehall on 6 June,
1660, and died in 1680. Sir Lancelot had
two sons, Thomas and Warwick.
The elder son, Thomas, who was knighted
on 4 December, 1670, married Rebecca,
daughter of Sir John Langham of Cotes-
brooke, and had a daughter Mary, first wife
of James Brydges, first Duke of Chandos,
to whom the estate of Canons ultimately
passed.
The younger son Warwick Lake, married
the heiress of Sir Thomas Gerard, Bt., of
Flambards, Harrow-on-the-Hill, and was
father of Launcelot Charles Lake, and grand-
father of Gerard Lake, first Viscount Lake
of Delhi and Leswarree, general.
Sir Gilbert Gerard, Attorney - General,
and ten members of his family ; Warwick
and Launcelot Charles Lake ; and both
the Dukes of Chandos, were, at various
periods, governors of Harrow School.
The singular topographical Christian name
of Essex may possibly be a surname used
as a Christian name. There are five
instances in the ' D.N.B.' of Essex as a
surname. But a brother of Essex, Lady
Drax, was named Warwick Lake. Whom
did Sir Lancelot marry ?
Thomas Hussey of Edmundsham, Dorset,
who died in 1684, aged 54,' married Phila-
delphia, daughter of Essex Pawlet, Esq.,
by Frances, daughter of Sir Nathaniel
Napier or Napper. Here Essex is a man's
Christian name. I shall be much obliged
if any of your readers can tell me what
relation this Essex Pawlet was to that
truculent Cavalier Sir John Poulett or
Pawlet, first Baron Poulett (1586—1649).
I believe they were akin.
A. R. BAYLEY.
Some years ago an officer in a regiment
of Kent Volunteers had Essex for a Christian
name — possibly a survival of the old custom
of a son having the surname of the mother
for a Christian name.
There was a family named Essex seated at
Lambourne, Berks, which claimed pre-
Norman descent from a family in the county
of Essex (Ashmole, ' Berks,' ii. 237). There
is a pedigree of a London family so called in
Harl. Soc. Pub., i. 81. A. RHODES.
Lady Lettice Lake (mother of Sir Launce-
lot Lake) was a Rich of Essex, and in that
family Essex was used as a feminine Christian
name. The third daughter of Robert Rich,
3rd Earl of Warwick, was christened Essex,
I think in memory of her rather notorious
great-grandmother Penelope (sister of the
Earl of Essex), who married Robert, 3rd
Baron Rich, and afterwards 1st Earl of
Warwick ; but see ' Mary Rich, Countess of
Warwick, 1625-1678,' by Miss Charlotte
Fell-Smith. A. T. W.
Essex as a Christian name is not very
rare ; it occurs, for instance, in the family
of Selby Lowndes, and, I think, also in that
of Knightley. OLD SABUM.
"ENNOMIC" (11 S. iii. 9).— A "deed
ennomic " is a legal instrument, the adjec-
tive being derived from li/vo/xo?, lawful,
legal. N. W. HILL.
[MB, W. SCOTT makes the same suggestion, and
refers to Liddell and Scott.]
CORPSE BLEEDING IN PRESENCE OF THE
MURDERER (US. ii. 328, 390, 498 ; iii. 35). —
The Hertfordshire story referred to by MR.
GERISH (US. ii. 390) is to be found in ' The
Wonders of the Universe ; or, Curiosities of
Nature and Art,' 1824, otherwise called ' The
New Wonderful and Entertaining Magazine,'
p. 599. The account is said to have been
found in the papers of Sir John Maynard,
one of the Lords Commissioners of the Great
Seal of England. The murdered woman is
there called Johan Norkett, wife of Arthur
Norkett. According to this account, May-
nard wrote the evidence as he heard it given
at the bar of the King's Bench before Sir
Nicholas Hyde, Chief Justice.
The first verdict of the coroner's jury was
" felo de se," but when it " was not yet
drawn into form " they changed their minds,
and requested the coroner to have the body
taken out of the grave. Then they changed
their verdict. There was a trial at Hertford
Assizes, resulting in a verdict of acquittal.
The child of the murdered woman appealed
against his father, grandmother, and aunt,
and her husband Okerman. Evidence was
us. in. FEB. 4. mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
given by "an ancient and grave person,
minister of the parish where the murder was
committed."
He swore that when the body had been
taken out of the grave and laid upon the
grass thirty days after death, the four
defendants were required to touch the body.
" Okerman's wife fell upon her knees, and
prayed God to show tokens of her innocence, or
to some such purpose — her very words I [i.e.
Maynard] have forgot. The appellees did touch the
body, whereupon the brow of the dead, which
before was a livid and carrion colour, (that was
the verbal expression iriterminis of the witness,)
began to have a dew or gentle sweat arise upon
it, which increased by degrees till the sweat ran
down in drops upon the face, the brow turned and
changed to a lively and fresh colour, and the dead
opened one of her eyes and shut it again, and this
rning the eye was done three several times ;
likewise thrust out the ring or marriage finger
three several times, and pulled it in again, and
the finger dropped blood on the grass."
Sir Nicholas Hyde appeared to doubt this
evidence. But the evidence given by the
ancient and grave minister was confirmed
by his brother, " minister of the parish
adjacent," " viz. the sweating of the brow,
changing of its colour, opening of the eye,
and the thrice motion of the finger, and
drawing it in again." Presumably the
bleeding was included, as the confirmation
was " in every point." " The first witness
added, that ' he himself dipped his finger
in the blood which came from the dead
body, to examine it,' and he swore he believed
it was blood."
There was some circumstantial evidence
against the grandmother of the child and the
two Okermans. All excepting Okerman
were found guilty. The grandmother and
the father (husband of the dead woman)
were executed. Mrs. Okerman was spared,
being with child. Maynard adds that he
inquired whether the other two confessed
anything at their execution, but they did not,
as he was told. The case happened in the
fourth year of Charles I., i.e., 27 March, 1628,
to 26 March, 1629.
In The. Gentleman's Magazine, 1796,
part ii. p. 636, among many questions is this :
" What grounds are there to imagine that
the wounds of a murdered person will bleed
on being touched by the murderer ? "
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
SPEAKER'S CHAIR OF THE OLD HOUSE OF
COMMONS (US. ii. 128, 177, 218, 331 ; iii.
50). — The communication from the Librarian
of the Parliament of the Commonwealth,
Melbourne, adds increased interest to the
subject under consideration ; yet it does not
prove that the Melbourne chair is the old
chair used in the House of Commons
previous to the fire of 1834. Viscount
Canterbury presented the Melbourne chair
39 years after the destruction of the Houses
of Parliament, and 34 years after the Duke
of Sussex had visited Sunderland, when he
sat in the old chair " which was formerly
the Speaker's Chair of the old House of
Commons, preserved from the fire which
destroyed the two Houses of Parliament in
1834." The evidence I have given in my
previous communications to * N. & Q.' is
associated with the actual individual workers
of the period : the Duke of Sussex, uncle to
Queen Victoria ; the Earl of Durham, one of
the chief promoters of the Reform Bill of
1832 ; and Sir Cuthbert Sharp, historian
and antiquary, also a high official under the
Crown. Surely such public reports of this
visit to Sunderland as I have reproduced
would not have been allowed to go un-
challenged by such influential personages
had they not been correct, especially as
they were given only five years after the
destruction of the House of Commons, when
the investigations by .the Lords of the
Council as to the cause of the fire would be
fresh in the minds of the public.
It does not follow, however, that Viscount
Canterbury, son of the Speaker of the House
of Commons, did not present, in 1873, the
Speaker's Chair of the temporary House of
Commons, used from the time of the fire in
1834 until 4 November, 1852, when the
Commons assembled for the[first time in their
new House. There would at that time be
two Speaker's Chairs : the old one rescued
from the fire, and the one used in the
temporary building. It is reasonable to
suppose that Viscount Canterbury would
secure the more modern chair when he
decided to make a present to the Common-
wealth, for it has great historic interest.
I have written to MR. WADSWORTH, asking
him to favour me with a copy of his lordship's
letter when he made the presentation —
for the inscription on the chair would be by
another hand. From this we shall be better
a,ble to judge of the history of the chair his
lordship sent to Melbourne, and it will be a
valuable addition to the history of our
English Parliament. A photograph of the
Melbourne chair will enable us to compare
the two chairs, and allow them to be
examined by experts in old workmanship
and designs.
One good result of this investigation has
been the discovery that two valuable relics
of our national Parliament have been
preserved. JOHN ROBINSON.
Delaval House, Sunderland.
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. FEB. 4, 1911.
By a slip, MB. WADSWOKTH, in his interest-
ing and informing communication, says it
-was the second Viscount Canterbury who
"was once Governor of Victoria. It was
John Henry Thomas, the third, his elder
brother, Charles John, second Viscount,
having died unmarried in 1869, and he him-
self passing away eight years later.
POLITICIAN.
COUNT OP THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
<11 S. ii. 509; iii. 54).— Surely the Pope
claims and exercises the power of creating
•Counts of the Holy Roman Empire. I
know one created by Pio Nono.
R. W. P.
Miss PASTBANA (11 S. ii. 29).— In * Relic-
ta,' the volume published shortly before his
death by Mr. Arthur Munby, the first poem
is entitled . ' Pastrana.' It opens with a
description of the striking proceedings of a
large baboon, which the observer notes in a
suburban garden of a Continental city.
Presently, in the dining saloon of his hotel,
his attention is arrested by the appearance
of a fashionably dressed lady of singular
aspect, who partakes copiously of the viands
provided, and does not otherwise materially
differ from the dining crowd. She sits out
all except the narrator, who finds himself
fascinated by her presence and held spell-
bound by her gaze. At length a man with a
net, energetically supported by the waiters,
secures the festive personage, who proves to
be none other than the strange monkey of
the suburban pleasure-ground. Respond-
ing to a request for information on his theme,
Mr. Munby wrote : " ' Pastrana ' is partly
based on fact. I saw her, and told Charles
Darwin about her." THOMAS BAYNE.
If one may infer plurality of persons from
diversity of accounts, there must have been
several Miss Pastranas during last century.
Writing before 1864, Chambers (' Book of
Days,' ii. 255) speaks of. an unfortunate
creature, Julia Pastrana by name, who
"a few years ago " was exhibited in London.
She was sometimes popularly known as
" the pig-faced lady," but Chambers
describes the lower part of her face as
more resembling a dog than a pig. A
Spanish-American by birth, she was ex-
hibited (nothing is said about dancing) in
this country for a time, and then on the
Continent, where she died. Her embalmed
remains were subsequently exposed to the
gaze of the curious at a_charge of so much
per head.
Somewhere I have read (probably in some
modern chap-book) that Julia Pastrana
possessed a body exquisitely formed, but
surmounted by a face of grotesque and
hideous ugliness. As this does not
apparently agree with L. L. K.'s recollection
of her, it is probable that many similar
printed accounts are highly exaggerated.
SCOTUS.
I have in my scrapbook a portrait of Julia
Pastrana. The sheet is 18£ inches by
12£ inches, the figure on it 9 inches. At
the top is
Julia Pastrana
As she now appears
embalmed.
On each side is
Burlington Gallery
191 Piccadilly.
At the bottom is
The above is a correct portraiture of this most
marvellous specimen of modern embalming.
Open daily from HA.M. to 9 P.M.
Admission one shilling.
The figure is very well done, and exactly
as I remember seeing it in, I think, 1860 or
1861. H. A. ST. J. M.
" BOLTON FFAIBE GBOATES " (11 S. ii.
467). — There is not enough information put
forward to enable a satisfactory reply to be
given. The groats may be certain fees
paid at the fair time, or tolls, to some one
claiming them. The vicar of a riverside
parish claimed "chaplain's groats" from the
King's ships lying in the Thames (' States
Papers Dom., Chas. II.,' vol. 283, 27). Does
the date of the payment coincide with the
date of Bolton Fair ? A. RHODES.
CANOVA'S BUSTS OF MABS AND MINEBVA
(11 S. ii. 528). — In Melchior Missirini's work
entitled ' Delia Vita di Antonio Canova
Libri Quattro,' 3rd ed., Milano, 1825, there
is no mention of any such busts having been
executed by this famous sculptor At the
end of the volume a ' Chronological Cata-
logue ' is given of his acknowledged works,
which begins in 1772, and is continued till
the year of his death, 1822. This list was
put together for the most part during his
lifetime because he did not wish to have
any works attributed to him which were not
his own : " e non fosse indotta in errore la
posterita su falsi supposti, resi autorevoli
dal suo silenzio " (p 470). One may there-
fore conclude that these " colossal marble
busts of Mars and Minerva .... hidden away
in a country house long before Canova same
to fame," are either not his work or that he
n s. in. ^EB. i, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
95
•did not choose to acknowledge them. We
learn, however, from the ' Catalogue ' that
in 1790 he sculptured an * Amorino ' on
commission for an Irish gentleman namec
La Touche (p. 472). JOHN T. CUBBY.
Busts of Mars and Minerva by Canova are
I believe, entirely unknown. If MABS
wishes to compare other sculptured figures
with the busts he names, he might examine
the various groups of the Elgin Marbles a1
the British Museum. Perhaps even a visit
to the gallery of statuary at the Roya
Institution, Edinburgh, and an examination
of the various gods and goddesses represented
there, might be worth the trouble taken.
SCOTUS.
COBN AND DISHONESTY : AN HONEST
MILLER (11 S. ii. 508; iii. 12, 57).— Millers
are evidently suspected in many lands.
When, a number of years ago, I made several
trips on the Danube, I was always amused
at the way in which the Slovak raftsmen
provoked the young Magyar millers on
the floating mills they passed. The chal-
lengers'were as a rule the millers, who would
greet the raftsmen with a derisive " Jano
Kuk" or "Upr6 Jano," in themselves quite
innocent calls, but evidently with a tale
hanging thereby ; whereupon John would
make a gesture imitating the millers pocket-
ing their customers' corn. This was always
considered a casus belli. L. L. K.
A phrase in MB. RATCLIFFE'S reply at the
last reference recalls to my memory that in
the late seventies a village school-feast
game (of the drop-the-handkerchief order)
used to be accompanied in East Notts with
the following rime : —
There was a jolly miller, and he lived by himself,
And the mill went round, and he earned his pelf :
One hand on the hopper, and the other in the bag,
And the mill went round, and he earned his swag.
I cannot remember that there was any more
of it, but perhaps some one else oan.
H. K. ST. J. S.
[There is but the one verse, we believe. When
children use it, the last words are generally
changed to "he made his grab," the principal
feature of the game being that the child in the
centre has to try to " grab " the arm of one of
the children in the ring when they are changing
partners at the end of the verse.]
SMITHS OF PABNDON, HEBTFOBDSHIBE
(11 S. ii. 427).— William Smith, a London
merchant, residing at Parndon House, near
Harlow, Essex, represented Sudbury in
1796. In 1802 he was returned for Norwich,
but was defeated in 1806. He regained the
seat, however, the following year, and was
still acting as its representative in 1814.
His town address was 5, Park Street, West-
minster. In 1818 his daughter Frances
married William Edward Shore (born 1794,
died 1874), who assumed the name of Nightin-
gale under the will of his grand-uncle
Peter Nightingale.
William Smith of Parndon had other
children. One of these, Benjamin, repre-
sented Norwich in Parliament 1838-47, and
died in 1860. Another, Samuel, younger
brother of Benjamin, resided at Embley,
Hants, formerly the abode of the Nightin-
gales. I am not aware of any pedigree of
the Smiths of Parndon. W. S. S.
REV. SEBASTIAN PITFIELD'S GHOST (11 S.
ii. 367, 510). — Mr. Caswell's letter to Dr.
Bent-ley, H[art] Hfall, Oxford], 15 Dec.,
1695, with Mr. Wilkins's account of the
apparition, Oxon., 11 Dec., 1695, from the
Trin. Coll. Camb. Collection, will be found
in Bentley's ' Correspondence,' 1842, vol. i.
pp. 103-9. R. H. EDLESTON, F.S.A.
Gainford.
CHUBCH WITH WOODEN BELL-TUBBET
(11 S. iii. 10). — In many respects the small
church at Newington, near Folkestone,
answers to the description given by W. B. H.
I am aware that lately this quaint old
turret was threatened with improvements.
HABOLD MALET, Col.
Churches with detached bell-towers — and
I presume that by this is meant gabled or
turret bells — occur at Spalding, Fleet,
Berkeley, Torrington, Pembridge, Bosbury,
Richard's Castle, Ledbury and Yarpole,
Beccles, Walton, Woburn, Mylor, Brynnlys,
Hennlan, Llangyfelach, Gunwalloe, East
Dereham, Marston - Morteyne, Lap worth,
Elstow, Magdalen and New Colleges (Oxford),
Dunblane, and Kilkenny. At Talland, says
Mr. Mackenzie Walcott, a covered way con-
nects it with the church (see Walcott's
' Sacred Archaeology,' 1868, p. 217).
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
' THE FLYING DUTCHMAN '(US. iii. 48).—
The Flying Dutchman and other Poems,'
was published in 1881, E. M. [? Ellen Mary]
Clerke being the author. Part II. of the
m, ' The Curse,' appeared in ' Women's
Voices,' edited by Mrs. William Sharp, 1887,
>p. 350-56. The tale is the old legend of
V"anderdecken the Dutchman, compelled to
ail the seas till the day of doom. In Part
I. the metre does not correspond with the
verse quoted in the query, but probably
96
NOTES AND QUERIES. 111 s. m. FEB. 4, 1911.
Miss Clerke did not adhere to the same
measure throughout the poem. The last
stanza given in ' Women's Voices ' is as
follows : —
A wraith along the deep she goes,
Till nearing swift and pale,
Upon the fated wreck she throws
The shadow of her sail.
And through the storm with hollow chime
A spectral hail they hear,
" How goes the world ? Methinks 'twere time
That Doomsday should appear ! "
W. S. S.
SPIDER'S WEB AND FEVER (US. ii. 109,
194). — The spider was efficacious as a cure
not only for whooping cough, but also for
ague. I have in my library a well-marked
book which Dr. Johnson said made him get
out of bed earlier than usual to read. It
has not had that effect upon me, but it has
caused me to sit up later than usual to read
a portion. Needless to say, I refer to
Burton's ' Anatomy of Melancholy.' The
author is dealing with amulets : —
" A ring, made of the hoofe of an asses right
forefoot, carried about, &e., I say with Renodeus,
they are not altogether to be rejected. Piony
doth cure epilepsie; pretious stones most
diseases ; a wolfs dung, born with one, helps the
colick ; a spider an ague, &c. Being in the
country in the vacation time not many years
since, at Lindly in Leicestershire, my fathers
house, I first observed this amulet of a spider in a
nut-shell lapped in silke, &c., so applied for an
ague by my mother : whom although I knew to
have excellent skill in chirurgery, sore eyes,
aches, &c. and such experimental medicines, as all
the country where she dwelt can witness, to have
done many famous and good cures upon divers
poor folks, that were otherwise destitute of help —
yet, among all other experiments, this, me-
thought, was most absurd and ridiculous : I could
see no warrant for it. Quid aranecK cum febre?
For what antipathy? till at length, rambling
amongst authors (as often I do), I found this very
medicine in Dioscorides, approved by Matthiolus,
repeated by Aldrovandus, cap. de Araned, lib. dc
inserhs. I began to have a better opinion of it,
and to give more credit to amulets, when I saw
it m some parties answer to experience." —
Part. 2, sec. 5, mem. 1, sub. 5.
I am quoting from p. 459 of the seven-
teenth edition, which is not in the British
Museum Library, but seems only a large -
paper copy of the sixteenth. A. RHODES.
CORONER OF THE VERGE (11 S. iii. 30).—
The verge or virge (virgata) was the compass
ot the King's Court, comprehending a circuit
oi 12 miles round the residence of the King's
Courts (13 Ric. II. c. 3). Ancientlv at
Common Law the Coroner of the Verge" had
an exempt jurisdiction within the verge, to
the exclusion of the county coroner (4 Rep.
But owing to the King's Court being
3, great delay and failure of justice
46 b.).
movable,
often arose, and many felonies committed
within the verge remained unpunished. The
statute Articuli super Cartas (28 Edw. I.
c. 3) was therefore passed. It provided
that the county coroner should be associated
with the Coroner of the Verge. By
33 Hen. VIII. c. 12 deaths within the
precincts of the King's palace were to be
inquired into by the Coroner of the King's
Household alone ; while those without the
precincts, but within the verge, were to be
held, as before, by the two coroners. By the
Coroners Act, 1887 (50 and 51 Viet. c. 71,
sch. 3), repealing 28 Edw. I. c. 3, the jurisdic-
tion of the verge is entirely abolished, and
becomes absorbed in that of the county
coroner, while the precincts of the palace
remain as before. Sec. 29 provides for the
appointment of the Coroner of the King's
Household by the Lord Steward, his jurisdic-
tion, and the procedure of his courts in nine
elaborate subsections.
WYNNE E. BAXTER.
For information concerning the Coroner
of the Verge Britton may be consulted
(vol. i. p. 4 of Mr. F. M. Nichols's edition) ;
as also the Introductions to vols. ix. and
xxiv. of ' the publications of the Selden
Society. The office still survives, and J. R.
Mellor, Esq., the Senior Master of the
Supreme Court, is the present incumbent.
W. C. BOLLAND.
Lincoln's Inn.
Bacon wrote a paper on this subject,
printed (if I remember rightly) in a posthum-
ous collection entitled ' Resuscitatio.'
W. C. B.
Helpful N. Bailey supplies :—
" Verge (of the Court), the compass or extent of
the King's Court, formerly of twelve miles extent
within the jurisdiction of the Lord High Steward
of the King's Houshold, called so from the Verge
or staff which the Marshal bears."
In Saxon times the privilege of the King's
palace extended from its gate to the distance
of 3 miles, 3 fur longs 3 acres 9 feet, 9 palms,
and 9 barleycorns (Thoms's 'Book of the
Court,' p. 302 n., citing Blackstone's * Com-
mentaries,' Book III. c. 6, s. iv.).
ST. SWITHIN.
CLUB ETRANGER AT HANOVER SQUARE
(11 S. ii. 407, 477).— MR. ALECK ABRAHAMS
is, no doubt, correct in connecting " La Salle
du Festino " with the Queen's Concert,
or (as they were more familiarly known) the
Hanover Square, Rooms, so famous for
us. m. FEB. 4, Ian.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
97
assemblies, concerts, readings, and lectures
(see 9 S. v. 354). My impression is that the
name " Cercle des Etrangers," to which
MR. ABRAHAMS refers, was at one time
linked with that of the St. George's Club
which occupied the premises until they were
razed for the erection of the inevitable pile
of flats. The historic " room " became the
dining-room of the Club, and its dis-
appearance was regretted by many because
of past memories. Some fine mural orna-
mentations vanished also, nobody appears to
know whither. CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athenaeum Club.
"CARENT" (11 S. iii. 9). — I would
venture to suggest that the word " carent "
falls into the category of legal macaronics.
It is simply equivalent to the word " rent."
The third person plural of the Latin verb
careo, " I want," it applies equally to the
position of landlord or of tenant. " Rent "
is what tenants frequently want, or are
destitute of. It is also what landlords some-
times anxiously inquire after, but are
destined not to receive. Hence " carent "-—
moneys which they want, but which are not
forthcoming. SCOTUS.
SONGS OF THE PEASANTRY (11 S. iii. 47) —
Is MR. GRAHAM acquainted with * Songs and
Ballads of the West ' ? There are one
hundred and ten of them, collected by the
Rev. S. Baring-Gould and the Rev. H. Fleet-
wood Sheppard from old people living on and
around Dartmoor, and set by them to music.
Probably the best known of the ballads is
* Widdecombe Fair.' So far as Devon-
shire is concerned, there is no other collection
equal to this. A. J. DAVY.
Torquay.
INSCRIPTIONS IN CHURCHES AND CHURCH-
YARDS (11 S. ii. 389, 453, 492, 537 ; iii. 57).—
During the greater part of 1893 my spare
time was spent in Woolwich Churchyard
copying the inscriptions on the gravestones
before their removal so that the old grave-
yard might be turned into a public garden,
which was eventually done. I had the
countenance, and to some extent the help,
of the late Dr. Howard (Maltravers Herald)
and Mr. Leland Duncan. There were 1,255
numbered gravestones, some of which were
fully inscribed on both sides. The work
proceeded slowly, and at the end of the
year I had transcribed the inscriptions on
922 stones ; and as the work of removing
them began early in the following year,
my task came to an untimely end. Mr. F. A.
Crisp of Denmark Hill was the originator
i one — presumably a stonemason,
'tainly a wag — added the following
of the design of preserving the inscriptions,
and to him I handed my unfinished work.
I believe it was his intention to publish the
names among his " Fragmenta," but I do
not know if this was done.
It is fortunate that so many inscriptions
have been preserved, as during the work of
removal, although great care was taken,
many stones were, I know, destroyed. The
legible dates ranged from 1700 to 1855.
I have preserved a copy of the schedule
of names and dates prepared by the legal
authorities before the removal, as well as a
copy of their plan showing the relative
position of each of the 1,255 graves.
One of my discoveries was a forgotten
" comic " headstone which had been a source
of great annoyance to the then Rector
(Greenlaw). It held an inscription to
Emmanuel Shipper, who died in 1842, and
after his name and date was cut the following
distich : —
As I am now so will you be,
Therefore prepare to follow me.
Some one — i
and cert
lines : —
To'follow you I 'm not intent
Till first I know which way you went.
WM. NORMAN.
Plums tead.
WILLIAM JOSEPH LOCKWOOD (11 S. iii. 29).
— It was William Lockwood the father, not
William Joseph Lockwood the son, who,
according to Burke's ' Landed Gentry,' was
" shot blind at Westminster School in a
battle against the mob." See 1858 edition,
p. 1349. William Joseph Lockwood, who
was Verderer of Epping Forest and a captain
in the Coldstream Guards, died in 1854.
W. SCOTT.
THE THREE WISHES (11 S. ii. 506).— This
story is also told in Brittany. It will be
found in Mrs. E. W. Rinder's ' The Shadow
of Arvor,' under the title of ' Devil-may-
Care.' The hero is a blacksmith who
had formerly been a soldier. St. Peter,
as in the version recorded by MR. NICHOL-
SON, accompanies the Lord. H. I. B.
KNOTS IN HANDKERCHIEFS : INDIAN
CUSTOM (US. ii. 506 ; iii. 35).— At 4 S. xi.
53 I showed that the custom is alluded to in
' The Ancren Riwle,' p. 396, i.e., it is as old
as A.D. 1225 in England. This was reprinted
in my ' Student's Pastime,' p. 73.
WALTER W. SKEAT.
98
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. FEB. 4, IQIL
BLACKSTONE'S ' COMMENTARIES,' FIRST
EDITION (10 S. xii. 385).— I think that MR.
W. R. B. PRIDEATJX will find some altera-
tion in the treatment of the ^ copyright
question, as to which Blackstone's opinion
was confirmed by the Courts. Q. V.
WHYTEHEER OR WHYTEBEER (US. ii. 228,
318, 378, 511). — The ' N.E.D.' has not yet
reached W, but under " taw," ix. 117, col. 3,
it quotes " Whittawer " of the date 1474.
W. C. B.
on
The Oxford English Dictionary. — Sauce-alone —
Scouring (Vol. VIII.). Edited by Henry
Bradley.— T—Tealf. (Vol. IX.) Edited by
Sir James A. H. Murray. (Oxford, Clarendon
Press.)
THE ' NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY ' has made
such steady and continuous advance as to put a
heavy tax on the time of the conscientious re-
viewer who studies every page of it with care.
There should, however, be no fear of ' N. & Q.'
being indifferent to the progress of a splendid
work to which it is continually devoting the
research of its contributors. Last July ' Sauce-
alone — Scouring ' (Vol VIII.) appeared, edited
by Mr. Henry Bradley ; and last October ' T —
Tealt ' (Vol. IX.), under Sir James Murray's care.
These two parts show the admirable skill and
patient research which make the ' Dictionary '
a delight to all serious students of English. The
elaborate analysis of the various senses of a word
will not strike the ordinary reader, perhaps, so
much as other features of the scheme ; but all
experts in language must recognize the great
success attained in this, possibly the most difficult
part of lexicography. Johnson's definitions are
occasionally utilized as a beginning, but a minute
and careful separation of senses follows which
must have been the outcome of much time and
thought.
Foreign and dialectic words are freely included
in the scheme, which also extends to words now
current only outside England.
Nothing is more difficult than to guess at the
length of time during which any word has been
used, and the ' Dictionary ' by its wealth of dated
examples has in this respect sa long outstripped
all competitors that it is not necessary to quote
the statistics provided at the beginning of each
section.
The mere fact that a whole section is needed for
"sauce-alone" to "scouring" shows the ex-
tended scale on which the ' Dictionary ' is planned.
Dr. Bradley has no common words to deal with
which need treating at great length, " say "
occupying the most room. The literature of
learning is, however, well exhibited in " science,"
and " school " with its many cognates. The
colloquial " saucebox," of persons, goes back as
far as 1588. It is pointed out that " sauciness "
and " saucy " have grown milder in their mean-
ing of late years. That specially German condi-
ment, " Sauerkraut, "^hasVon its way into English,
and is followed by " saufey," " saught," and
" saulee " terms obscure to the ordinary reader
and now obsolete. "Saunter" is described as
of obscure origin, and the derivation suggesting
" to venture oneself," is regarded as " phono-
logically inadmissible." The number of spellings
given for " sausage " is remarkable, and still more
its actual varieties, which are said to exceed 150.
We are glad to find Dickens quoted more than
once for the word and its derivatives. The same
page gives us words so different as " savant " and
" savate." " Save " is a capital instance of
idioms well differentiated. "Saw" includes
several special combinations from the United
States. Under " sawyer " is a • third section
marked " U.S." ; but the last quotation given
therein explains " snags " and " sawyers," which
occur in combination in Dickens.
" Say-so "=mere word or dictum, is an effect-
ive piece of English which is current now only in
America, and might be revived, as " ipse dixit "
has taken its place here. We believe that in the
law " scaffolding " implies the presence of a rope.
There are two important words with the same
spelling " scale." " Scamper " is of uncertain
origin, but " not improbably the word was origin-
ally military slang " — of foreign origin, we hasten
to add. Pope's " presume not God to scan "
suggests to us the addition of a further verse
quotation, Burns's
Then gently scan your brother man ;
Still gentler, sister woman,
in the ' Address to the Unco Guid.' " Scapegoat'*
was " apparently, invented by Tindal (1530) "
for use in Leviticus xvi. ; but we learn that it has
been turned out of the Revised Version, which .
has " Azazel " instead. A " Scarborough warn-
ing " =very short notice, or none at all, occurs
as early as 1546. " Scavenger " is altered from
" scavager " with intrusive n, as in '* passenger "
and " messenger " ; the instrument of torture called
the "Scavenger's daughter " presents, however, a
perverted form of the inventor's name, Skeffing-
ton. Of " scenery " of the open-air kind there is,
as might be expected, no quotation before the
seventeenth century was well advanced. In
Johnson's days people preferred, we think, to
talk of a " prospect." " Sceptred " offers a good
display of that poetical quotation which the
' Dictionary ' seems sometimes unduly to despise,
for examples are provided from Shakspeare,
Milton, Gray, Landor, and Byron. The heading
" sch " has some Important hints as to pronuncia-
tion. "Schiedam" and "schnapps" are both
allied forms of drink. The slight specialization
of meaning which "scholar" and "scholar-
ship " have acquired is well treated* It would,
however, be easy to add to the quotations from
books, which we prefer to journalism or Acts of
Parliament. Special attention is directed to the
word " scientific," of which the true history is
now traced for the first time to a rendering of the
word tirivT-fifni in Aristotle.
We end our notice of this part with two words
of University usage. " Scio " was the formal
testimony once given at Oxford to the fitness of a
candidate for a degree. "Sconce" is a Uni-
versity fine which is illustrated from our own
columns in 1885. In its humorous form it hasr
we believe, been inflicted on dons as well as under-
graduates, though the latter only are mentioned!
1 in sense b.
ii s. in. FEB. 4, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
Beginning with T, we find some odd phrases in
which it figures, as the " T bean ' ' of the seventeenth
century, grown or cut in the form of that letter ;
the " T cart," an open phaeton ; and various
examples of the phenomenon which has given us
" Tandry " and the more familiar " tawdry."
That simple things are not always easy to define
is shown by " tab," which is "A short broad strap,
flat loop, or the like, attached by one end to an
object, or forming a short projecting part by which
a thing can be taken hold of, hung up, fastened,
or pulled." The word is, we learn, not in John-
son, and still largely dialectic. The third sense of
" tabard," the official dress of heralds, was fre-
quently in the papers during the announcement of
King George's accession to the throne ; but the
' Dictionary ' does not pretend to include the most
modern references, and we might have done
without the example from journalism (1903) of
" tabard-fashion." The list of newspapers that
really show some censorship over the wild and
inaccurate English of their contributors is so
small that we should pause before admitting
several usages here recorded, and in other cases
prefer, as we have said more than once, easily
accessible quotations from books, which at least
have a chance of being decently " read " before
being submitted to the public. "Tabby" and
" tabby-cat " are curious in their origin. The
sense of striped silk is named from a quarter of
Bagdad, but that of " old maid " is earlier than
the sense of " cat," and may be derived from
Tabitha. " Taberdar " for a senior scholar of
Queen's College, Oxford, is first noted in 1566.
Among the many senses of " tabernacle " is an
" alleged term for a company of bakers," as to
which Mr. John Hodgkin has noted in his learned
and amusing book on ' Proper Terms ' (p. 162) that
the " tabernacula " in question may be " little
shops made of boords."
" Table " is a long article, admirably arranged
The commonest use of the word lacks verse
quotations. The last one in prose (1853) suggests
to us a line from Browning's ' Mr. Sludge, " the
Medium," '
' May I sit, sir ? This dear old table, now !
or another,
You jogged the table, your foot caused the squeak.
There is a long list of special combinations of the
word, from " table-allowance " to " table-work."
There is no notice from a nineteenth-century book
of "Table d'h6te." Oddly enough, we ^are able
to supply one from verse. In Clough's ' Mari
Magno ' ' The Clergyman's Tale ' has (11.63-4),
f 'Twas easier now to face the crowded shore,
, And table d'hdte less tedious than before.
Under " tablet " the desire of ' Wee Macgregor '
(1900) for toffee has found a place. The last
r)tation for a memorial tablet is of 1870. We
uld have been glad for the sake of history to
see the zeal of the L.C.C. commemorated in a
quotation. There is curious information of a
commercial and legal character concerning the
use of " tabloid." " Taboo " now increasingly
spelt, we notice, by anthropologists " tabu,"
is an important article. " Tabula rasa " has
secured admission, and may, we hope, catch the
eye of the sub-editor who passed some few years
ago in the daily press the phrase " Solvuntur
tabula rasa " ! The various words under " tache
are confusing, but none of them is to-day much
used by the ordinary man. " Tack " is partly
mixed up with " Tache," and the many usages it
covers are noteworthy. The 'definition of
" Tackle " (vi.) in Rugby football, " To seize and"
stop an opponent when in possession of the ball,'r
will hardly do. Full backs would be only too
happy if every time they tackled, they were able
to stop. " To seize or try to stop " -would be an
improvement in the wording. " Taffy "for Welsh-
man appears to begin in 1700. " Tagraggery "
is noted as " chiefly Carlylese." " Tail " is a
long and excellent article, but it is surpassed in
length by " take," one of the most difficult words
to analyze and arrange which Sir James can have-
encountered. We should have been inclined to
associate 7, the transitive use " of an injurious or
destructive agency, natural or supernatural,,
magical, etc.," with 10, " to captivate, delight,
charm " ; and pure pleasure would have impelled
us to quote under the latter heading the
daffodils,
That come before the swallow dares, and take
The winds of March with beauty.
We are glad to see Tennyson's " So took echo with)
delight " included, and altogether the article is a
wonderful piece of work.
" Talbot " (hound) is " understood to be derived,
from the ancient English family name Talbot. ...
but evidence is wanting."
For " tale," a mere story, a fiction, The London
Herald (1867) is the only quotation of the last
century. Admirers of Sir W. S. Gilbert will
recall the lines
Tell a tale of cock and bull,
Of convincing details full.
' Mr. Sludge ' could supply a verse quotation for
" talent," special aptitude : —
when you buy
The actor's talent, do you dare propose
For his soul beside ?
" Tamal," " tamasha," and " tambouki " are-
among foreign words which would puzzle most
people. " Tampion," also " tompion," has, we
note, nothing to do with the " Tompion clock "
in ' Pickwick ' at the Bath Pump-room, sometimes
spelt without the capital letter. This clock,
was given by " the father of English watch-
making " to the city of Bath in 1709.
" Tandem " is, as a quotation from our owir
columns in 1850 explains, " a practical pun now
naturalized in our language." Words of such
origin must be very rare ; we recall only " dicky,"
which is possibly TO/^, and certainly slang. We
have always been a little doubtful about the
meaning of the " tang " in Kate's tongue which
made her unpopular (' Tempest,' II. ii. 52), and
Sir James justifies our doubts. The " Tantalus "
which holds spirits has not been traced back
further than 1898. " Tariff Reform " begins in
' The Century Dictionary ' (1891) as " in general
a movement away from Protection." The
introduction of Daudet's ' Tartarin ' into English
is duly noted; while Moliere's "Tartufe" has
made English nouns and adjectives. " Task,"
"taste," and " tax" are other articles of great
interest ; and " tea," with its derivatives, occupies
a good deal of space, being prefaced by an in-
teresting note as to pronunciation.
Sir James Murray and his staff have of late
lost some devoted helpers. It is all the more-
credit to them that they are able to make such
regular advance in their arduous work.
100
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. 4, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — FEBRUARY.
MB. B. H. BLACKWELL of Oxford, sends his
January Clearance List of Classical, Mathematical,
and other School-Books. These lists are issued
twice a year ; the next will be published in
September.
Messrs. Bowes & Bowes include in their Cam-
bridge Catalogue 346, under Fiscal Policy, a
collection of cuttings, October, 1903— April,
1904, arranged in 13 scrapbooks, 31. 10s. Under
Bibliography are " Books about Books," 6 vols.,
11. 16s. ; James's ' Manuscripts in the Fitz-
william Museum,' and ' Illuminated Manuscripts
in the British Museum.' Under Chaucer is
Lintot's folio edition, 1721, II. Is. Under
Classical Literature is a collection of over 90
theses issued between 1830 and 1886 on Greek
And Latin authors, 6 vols., 4to, 31. 3s. There is
A list under Economics and Social Questions.
Under England and also under France are many
historical works. There are in addition works
on India, Ireland, and London. Under Alex-
ander Macmillan is ' A Night with the Yankees,'
-a lecture delivered in the Town Hall, Cambridge,
30 March, 1868, and privately printed, 10s. Qd. ;
and under Malcolm Kingsley Macmillan is
' Selected Letters,' also privately printed, 1893,
21. 2s. Lord Vernon's magnificent edition of
Dante, 3 vols., folio, Firenze, 1858-65, is 131. 13s.
This was printed for presentation only, and con-
tains appendixes with a bibliography.
Mr. L. C. Braun's Catalogue 67 opens with
Art and Illustrated Books. There is a fine clean
copy of Bewick's ' Fables,' 1820, 21. ; also ' The
Looking Glass for the Mind,' 1821, 10s. Qd. Under
Leech is ' Young Troublesome,' folio, original
boards, 11. 10s. ; under Napoleon, a collection of
prints, 15s. ; under South Africa, 11 coloured
views, Ackermann, 1818, 12/6 ; and under
Uzanne, ' L'Ombrelle, le Gant, le Manchon,'
morocco, 21. 5s. Among Bindings are Aldine
Classics, 1540-50, 11 vols., original red morocco,
full gilt backs, 4Z. Foreign Literature comprises a
hundred items. Works under Occult include
Barrett's ' The Magus ; or, Celestial Intelligencer,'
4to, original boards, 1801, 31. There is much of
interest under Topography. London includes,
Lysons's ' Environs,' 5 vols., 4to, 1810, 21. 10s. ;
and Godwin's ' Churches,' 2 vols., half-calf, 1839,
18s. There are many engraved views, including
Crosby Hall in 1814 and 1886, and Horwood's
4 Plan,' 1799, 11. 15s. There are also engraved
portraits of general interest. In the Addenda
are ' The Antiquarian Repertory',' 4 vols., 4to,
1775-84, 11. 5s. ; and Daniel's ' Rural Sports,'
2 vols., 1801-2, with the Supplement, 1813, 3 vols.,
4to, 11. 5s. Under India is Malleson's ' History of
the Mutiny,' with index by Pincott, 7 vols., 8vo,
cloth, 31. 10s.
Messrs. Myers's Catalogue 165 contains the
rare first edition of Ainsworth's ' Rookwood '
in the original cloth, 1836, 81. Under Alken are
* British Proverbs,' 1824, Ql. 15s. ; ' Symptoms of
being Amused,' 1822, 81. ; and ' Specimens of
Riding near London,' 1823, 11. 10s. Under
Balzac is the Saintsbury edition, large paper
(one of 50 copies), 40 vols., 12Z. 12s. A tall copy
of Hayward's ' Edward the Sixt,' 4to, calf, 1630",
is Ql. Qs. ; and a fine copy of Moli£re's ' (Euvres/
6 vols., contemporary calf, 1788, Ql. 12s. Qd.
Under Stuarts is the Edition de Luxe of Foster,
2 vols., folio, Ql. 10s. There is an extra-illustrated
copy of Bleackley's ' Duchess of Hamilton,' 2 vols.,
green morocco super-extra, 1907, 12Z. 5s. There
are works under Africa, Alpine, America, Charles
I., Dramatic, and Ireland. Under Dante Ros-
setti is his translation of the early Italian poets,
first edition, tree calf, 1861, 21. 2s. Under Scottish
Market Crosses is Small's work with introduction
by Hutcheson, 118 illustrations, folio, 1900,
>y tiv
I. Is.
Among Shakespeare items are Frank
Howard's ' Spirit of the Plays.' 483 plates, un-
spotted copy, 5 vols., 1833, 21. 5s. r and Hazlitt's
reprints of the rare jest-books, 3 vols., 1864,
three-quarter levant, 21. 2s. Under Shelley are
the letters to Leigh Hunt, edited by Wise, 2 vols.
(limited to 30 copies for private circulation),
1894, 11. 5s. (presentation copy to Edward Clodd
j from the Editor).
Messrs. Myers also send Catalogue 166, which
contains Engraved Views of London. These
include Ludgate Hill, large folio, 1795, 21. 2s. ;
the Strand in 1763, 11. 5s. ; several of St. Paul's ;
and Tottenham Court Road, ' March of the
Guards to Finchley,' folio, scarce, 4/. 4s. There
are views of Piccadilly, Hyde Park (the grand
review, 9 July, 1838), Bloornsbury, Chancery
Lane, Islington, Westminster Abbey, St. James's,
Vauxhall Gardens, and Knightsbridge Chapel,
1789 (exterior with adjacent old houses and
coaching scene, and interior, formerly belonging
to the Hospital of Lepers, folio, 4s.).
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
CANON HEWITT. — On 28 December, at Grahams-
town, South Africa, after a long illness, the Rev.
James Alexander Hewitt, Canon of Grahamstown.
He was educated at St. Augjistine's College,
Canterbury, and received the honorary degree
of D.C.L. from the University of the South in
1888. He had been in South" Africa since 1870,
and was the author of ' English Church History
in South Africa,' 1887. He had sent us contribu-
tions from 9 S. vi. to 10 S. viii.
tn (K0msp0tttottts.
We must call special, attention to the following
notices:—
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of ' Notes and Queries '"— Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
R. B— K( " Westminster Chimes ").— Anticipated
ante, p. 35.
CORRIGENDUM.— P. 66, col. 1, 1. 20 from foot, for
" ISwrebaples" read "Sweetaples."
us. in. FEB. ii, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
101
LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 59.
NOTES :— The English Bible, 1611, 101 — Crabb Robinson
and De Quincey, 102— Pensioners in the Long Parliament,
103 — Sheridan and Bishop Hall — Chateaubriand and
Madame Lieven— Michael Bruce, Logan, and 'The Ode
to the Cuckoo,' 104 — Mew or Mewes Families — Temple
Bar in 1851, 105 — Brechin — Lowe Family— Conscience-
Stricken : Tardy Advertisements, 106.
QUERIES :— St. William's Day at York— Dom Francisco
Manuel de Mello— Pitt's Letter on Superstition— Aristotle
on Education— Marine Insurance— Sir Robert Peel and
his Speeches— Court Life— " Bezant "—Mother's Maiden
Name as Children's Surname, 107— Leader of the House
of Commons — Lady O'Looney's Epitaph — " Strike of
Saunsons " — S. G. Sloraan — " -de- " : " -ty-" — Aislabie
Family, 108— Cecil Howard— J. Arbuthnot— C. Barbour—
Dr. J. Drake— R. Heath— Elizabeth Dixon, Quaker—
" Ware " Potatoes—" The Almighty Dollar," 109.
REPLIES :— Milton Bibles, 109— Newenham Abbey— Lady
Conyngham, 110 — Hoi well Family — Thackeray and
Pugilism— Dickens : " Shallabalah "— " Elze "^Already—
"Puckled," 111— "Die in beauty "—Barbara de Bierle —
Geoffrey Pole— 'Tit for Tat,' 112— Early Ships named
Victory—" Love me, love my dog," 113— Wet Hay— Irish
Book of Remembrance— Belfast Registers— Archbishop
Cleaver— Rogerson Cotter— 'A Voice from the Bush,' 114
—Jeremy Smith— Chertsey Cartularies— Sir John Chandos
—The Black Prince's Language-Sybil, Queen of Scotland
— "Woodyer"— " Terse" Claret, 116— Adders' Fat and
Deafness— Early Beefsteak Club, 117— Grange Courty-
Owls called " Cherubims "—Quaker Oats— Ship lost in
the Fifties— Pauper's Badge, 118.
NOTES ON BOOKS: — 'A Quaker Post-Bag ' — Reviews
and Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY :— W. L. Rutton— T. Forster.
THE ENGLISH BIBLE, 1611.
IN the prologue to his English Bible, 1539,
Cranmer repeated the rule of St. Gregory
Nazianzen, " I forbid not to read, but I
forbid to reason " (Strype's ' Cranmer,'
1694, ii. 247). Doubtless he feared for the
result when the book should come into the
hands of such as disregarded the ancient
safeguards. A century later Chillingworth
in his ' Religion of Protestants,' 1637,
wrote the sentence which has become the
watchword of many : " The Bible, I say,
the Bible only, is the religion of Protestants "
(1846, p. 463). But these memorable words
have been unfairly used, for their author
again and again guards himself by acknow-
ledging the authoritative interpretation of
** the catholic church of all ages " (p. 16),
" the consent and testimony of the ancient
and primitive church " (p. 105) ; and
declares his meaning to be " Scripture inter-
preted by catholic written tradition" (p. 362).
By the middle of that century a host of sects
had arisen which had hardly anything in
common with Chillingworth but the word
Protestant. We have to keep these things
in mind in estimating the importance of the
widespread distribution of an authorized
version.
Whatever effect the book of 1611 had upon
the people at large, it is certain that scholars
and clergy were not unanimous in the
approval or adoption of it.
Among those who continued more or less
to use the old version were John Denison,
chaplain to James I., in his ' Heavenly
Banquet,' 1619, 1631 ; Dr. John Donne,
Dean of St. Paul's, in ' Six Sermons,' 1634,
iii. 1, v. 11, who prefers " our former trans-
lation" ; and Dr. William Brough, Dean of
Gloucester, in a * Preservative against Schism,'
at the end of his ' Manual of Devotions,'
1659, pp. 516, 517. Bishop Pearson often
chose to make independent renderings for
himself in his book on the ' Creed,' 1659 ; see
the ed. by James Nichols, 1844, pref.
Moreover the new book did not find its
way into all parish churches for more than
a century. Bishop Beveridge, writing in
1710, says that the Bishops' Bible "hath
been read in several churches instead of the
New, ever since, to our days " ; and in
defence of the retention of " old words now
grown obsolete " he adds : —
" The vulgar still use those words, or at least
understand them as well as any that are in
common use. It is among the common people
that the language of every nation is best pre-
served."— ' Works,' viii. 619, 631, " Ang.-Cath.
Lib.," 1846.
There is an excellent article by Dean
Plumptre, afterwards one of the Revisers, in
Smith's ' Dictionary of the Bible,' 1863, iii.
1675-83. G. G. Perry, 'History of the
Church of England,' 1861, i. 200, contrasts
the statements of Hallam and Trench on the
language of the A.V. The list in Lowndes's
* Bibliographer's Manual,' Bohn, 1857, i.
174-200, is worth consulting.
Some of the books mentioned below are
well known, but a few of them may not be
obvious. Others are noticed by Lowndes
and by Plumptre.
Leigh, Edward, M.A., Oxon. — Annotations
imperfections in our Translation discovered.
Folio, 1650.
Kilburne, William. — Dangerous Errors in
several late printed Bibles to the great scandal
and corruption of sound and true Religion. 4to,
pp. 15, Finsbury, 1659.
Cell, Robert, D.D. — Essay towards the amend-
ment of the last English Translation of the Bible ;
or, a proof, by many instances, that the last trans-
lation of the Bible into English may be improved.
Folio, 1659.
102
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. FEB. n, 1911.
John Edwards, Fellow of St. John's
College, Cambridge, in his ' Perfection of
Holy Scripture,' 1695, pp. 531, 543, 565,
suggests that Convocation should revise the
English Bible, and advises the disuse of
" obsolete " words such as " ere," " trow,"
" wist," " wot."
A. Blackwall, 'Sacred Classics' (1725),
2nd ed., 1727, gives instances where our
version is faulty, harsh, improper, indecent,
low, obscure, pp. 74, 87, 132, 204. In a
third part, issued later, he supplies improved
translations.
B(oss), H(ugh). — Essay for a New Translation
of the Bible. Wherein is shewn from Reason and
the Authority of the Best Commentators, Inter-
preters, and Criticks, that there is a Necessity for
a New Translation.— 2nd ed., 8vo, pp. 338, 1727.
Translated from Charles Le Ceiie.
Scott, William. — The New Testament Illus-
trated.... a Correction of our Translation. 4 to,
1775.
Symonds, John, Professor of Modern History,
Cambridge. — Observations on the Expediency of
Revising the Present English Version of the Four
Gospels and Acts. 4to, Camb., 1789.
Lindsey, Theophilus, Fellow of St. John's
College, Cambridge, Unitarian. — List of False
Readings and Mistranslations of the English
Bible. 1790.
Newcome, William, Archbishop of Armagh. —
Historical View of English Biblical Translations.
8vo, Dublin, 1792. — Attempt towards Revising
the English Translation of the Greek Scriptures.
2 vols., 8vo, Dublin, 1796.
Tomlinson, Robert. — Attempt to rescue the
Holy Scriptures from the Ridicule they incur
with the inconsiderate, occasioned by incorrect
Translations. 8vo, 1803.
Barrett, Richard A. F., Fellow of King's College,
Cambridge. — Synopsis of Criticisms upon those
Passages of the Old Testament in which Commenta-
tors have differed from the Authorized Version.
5 vols., 8vo, 1847.
A Plea for a New English Version of the Scrip-
tures. By a Licentiate of the Church of Scotland.
8vo, 1864.
W. C. B.
CRABB ROBINSON AND
DE QUINCEY. .
THERE are some interesting references to
Thomas De Quincey in the * Diary ' of
Henry Crabb Robinson. The first mention
of the Opium-Eater is dated 17 June, 1812,
when Robinson dined in the Middle Temple
Hall with De Quincey, who was, as he notes,
very civil and gave him a cordial invitation
to the Cottage in Cumberland.
Crabb Robinson says that De Quincey' 3
" person is small, his complexion fair, and his
air and manner are those of a sickly and enfeebled
man. From this circumstance his sensibility,
which I have no doubt is genuine, is in danger of
being mistaken for effeminateness. At least
coarser and more robustly healthful persons may
fall into this mistake."
On 5 September, 1816, Crabb Robinson
says :—
" I took an opportunity of calling on De
Quincey, my Temple-hall acquaintance. He has
been very much an invalid, and his appearance
bespoke ill-health."
The visit was mainly to Wordsworth, but
after reaching home Robinson notes : —
" Just as we were going to bed De Quincey called
on me. He was in much better spirits than when
I saw him in the morning, and expressed a wish
to walk with me about the neighbourhood."
This shows that De Quincey's nocturnal
habits had already started. On the 24th the
diarist says : —
" Wordsworth conducted me over the fell,
and left me, near De Quincey's house, a little
after one. He was in bed. but rose on my arrival.
I was gratified by the sight of a large collection
of books, which I lounged over."
They had a walk across Grasmere to
Easdale Tarn, and returned to dinner, after
which De Quincey accompanied him to the
gate of Wordsworth's garden terrace. When
he returned -he says : " I found De Quincey
up, and chatted with him till past twelve/
Of 25 September he says : —
" This was a day of unexpected enjoyment.
I lounged over books till past ten, when De
Quincey came down to breakfast. It was not
till past twelve we commenced our walk, which
had been marked out by Wordsworth. We first
passed Grasmere Church, and then, going along
the opposite side of the lake, crossed by a mountain
road into the vale of Great Langdale."
Under date 7 October, 1821, Crabb Robinson-
remarks : —
" My journal mentions (what does not belong io
my recollections, but to my obliviscences) an
able pamphlet by Mr. De Quincey against
Brougham, written during the late election,
entitled ' Close Comments on a Straggling Speech/
a capital title at all events."
This pamphlet is anonymous. I traced a
copy to the Bibliotheca Jacksoniana at
Tullie House, Carlisle. An account of this
effort of the Opium-Eater as an electioneer
appeared in The Manchester Guardian
(28 September, 1907).
In the following month the Opium-Eater
was in London. On 7 November Crabb
Robinson writes : —
" Called on De Quincey to speak about the
Classical Journal. I have recommended him to
Valpy, who will be glad of his assistance. D&
Quincey speaks highly of the liberality of Taylor
and Hessey, who gave him forty guineas for his
' Opium-Eater.' "
ii s. m. FEB. 11, wit.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
It would seem that nothing came of H. C. R.'s
kindly intervention. De Quincey's name
does not occur in Valpy's Classical Journal,
and none of the articles raise a suspicion
that he had any share in them.
On 6 July, 1824, Oabb Robinson took
tea with Lamb. Hessey gave an account of
De Quincey's description of his bodily suf-
ferings. " He should have employed as his
publishers," said Lamb, " Pain and Fuss "
(Payne & Foss) — not a very brilliant joke.
The last reference to De Quincey is dated
29 August, 1836, and expresses the diarist's
opinion that it was Cottle's right and duty
to make known the generous gift of the
Opium-Eater to Coleridge.
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
> [See ' Puns on Payne,' 11 S. ii. 409, 453 ; iii. 36.]
PENSIONERS IN THE LONG
PARLIAMENT.
No doubt the following list of pensioners
who represented the nation in the Long
Parliament, taken from The Universal Maga-
zine, January, 1750, will be of interest to
readers of 'N. & Q.' :—
Lenthal, the Speaker, 7,730?. per annum, besides
a gratuity of 6,000?.
Bulstrode Whitlock, Commissioner of the Great
Seal, 1,500?. per annum and a gift of 2,0002.
Edmund Prideaux, 1,2001. per annum.
Roger Hill, 1,200?. per annum.
Francis Rous, 1,200?. per annum.
Humphry Salway, 200?. per annum.
John Lisle, 800?. per annum.
Oliver St. John made over 40,000?. from his places
of Attorney and Solicitor for the King, by
ordinance of Parliament, and by passing all
pardons upon commissions.
Sir William Allison, 1,600?. per annum.
Thomas Hoyle, 1,200?. per annum.
Thomas Pury, sen., 400?. per annum and a gift
of 3,000?.
Thomas Pury, jun., 200?. per annum.
William Ellis, 200?. per annum.
Miles Corbet, 1,700?. per annum.
John Goodwin, 700?. per annum.
Sir Thomas Widdrington, 1,500?. per annum.
Edward Bish, 600?. per annum.
Walter Strickland, 5,000?. per annum.
Sir Gilbert Gerrard, 1,200?. per annum. As Pay-
master to the Army at 3e7. per £, 12,000?. per
annum, besides a gift of 60,000?.
Gilbert Gerrard, his son, 500?. per annum.
John Seldon, a gift of 2,500?.
Sir Benjamin Rudiard, a gift of 5,000?.
Sir John Hipsly, a gift of 2,000?., besides places.
Sir Thomas Walsingham, rewarded with the
greatest part of Lord Dorset's estate, on
which he cut 4,000 timber trees.
Benjamin Valentine, Sir Henry Heyman, and
Dennis Hollis, each a gift of 5,000?.
Nathaniel Bacon, a gift of 3,000?.
John Stevens, a gift of 1,000?.
Henry Smith, 2,000?. per annum.
Robert Reynolds, 400?. per annum, a gift of
2,000?., and got 20,000?. by the purchase of
bishops lands.
Sir John Clotworthy, Treasurer of Ireland, per-
mitted to cheat the State of 40,000?.
John Ash, a gift of 14,000?., besides places.
John Lenthal, the Speaker's son, 2,000?. per
annum.
John Bond, Master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
Lucas Hodges, Customer of [sic] Bristol.
Francis Allen, Customer for [sic] London.
Giles Green, rewarded with Sir Thomas Daw's
estate.
Francis Pierpoint, rewarded with the Archbishop,
of York's lands in Nottinghamshire.
William Pierpoint, a gift of 47,000?.
John Blackstone, 200?. per annum and a gift of
Sea wire, a gift of 2,000?.
Isaac Pennington, a gift of 7,000?. and many:
bishops' lands.
John Palmer, Master of All Souls, Oxon.
Thomas Gerry, Recorder of Bridgwater.
Samuel Vassel, a gift of 1,000?.
Oliver Cromwell, 4,000?.
Sir William Brereton, 2,000?. per annum.
Thomas Gell, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Recorder-
of Derby.
Valentine Walton, Colonel, and Governor of"
Lynn Regis.
Richard Norton, Colonel, and Governor of South-
ampton.
Edward Harvey, Colonel, and rewarded with the
Bishop's manor of Fulham.
Sir Michael Livesay, Colonel, and Sequestrator of
Kent.
Henry Ireton, Colonel, and Commissary General.
Thomas Rainsborough, Colonel, Governor of
Woodstock, and Vice- Admiral of England.
Robert Black, Colonel, and Governor of Taunton.
Richard Brown, Major-General, and Governor of
Abington.
John Ven, Colonel, and Governor of Windsor..
had a gift of 4,000?.
Algernon Sydney, Governor of Dover Castle.
Richard Ingoldsby, Colonel, and Governor of
Oxford.
John Hutchinson, Colonel, and Governor of
Nottingham.
Cornelius Holland, 1,600?. per annum.
Philip Skippon, 1,000?. per annum, besides a gift
of lands, and the office of Major-General of
the Army, and of London.
Thomas Westrow, rewarded with the Bishop of
Worcester's manor of Hartlerow.
Anthony Stapley, Colonel, and Governor of
Chichester.
Alexander Rigby, Colonel, and Governor of
Bolton.
Sir Arthur Haslerig, Colonel, and Governor of
Newcastle, rewarded with a gift of 6,500?.
and the Bishop of Durham's manor of
Aukland.
Sir Thomas Middleton, Major-General for Denbigh
and five more counties.
Lord Grey of Grooby, rewarded with the royal
manor of Holdenby.
Sir William Constable, Governor of Gloucester,.
sold his estate to Sir Marmaduke Langdale
for 25,000?., and then obtained an order of
Parliament to resume it, without returning
a penny.
104
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. n, 1911,
Sir William Pursey, Colonel, and Governor of j Mr. Teixeira de Mattos has not attempted
Coventry, had a gift of 1,5001. the task in his notes to the translation
Sir Edward Hungerford, 1,5001. per annum.
Walter Long, Colonel, had a gift of 5,OOOJ.
was also
Michael Oldsworth, 3,OOOZ. per annum
Governor of Pembroke and Montgomery,
and Keeper of Windsor Park.
Thomas Scot, rewarded with certain of the
Archbishop's lands, and Lambeth Palace.
Benjamin Alhurst, Clerk of the Peace for Lan-
cashire, had a gift of 1,0001.
Thus pensions amounted to 58,3307. per
-annum, while gifts of money reached the
sum of 308,500Z., besides places, gifts of
land, &c. Each member also was allowed
out of the public money 41. per week, which,
-at 52 weeks, for 516 members, comes to
107,328?. J. C. RINGHAM.
R. B. SHERIDAN AND BISHOP HALL. —
"There is a resemblance between a familiar
passage in ' The Rivals,' Act I. sc. ii., " Yes
I always know when Lady Slattern has been
before me. She has a most observing
thumb ; and, I believe, cherishes her nails
for the convenience of making margina
notes," and the opening words in Book VT. o:
Joseph Hall's ' Virgidemiae ' : —
Ldbco reserues a long nayle for the nonce
To wound my margent tnrough ten leaues at once.
."Sheridan was doubtless capable of hitting
on this thought by himself, besides being no
great reader ; but it may be rememberec
that a reprint — a very careless one, it must
be owned — of Hull's satires was edited, by the
Rev. William Thompson of Queen's College,
•Oxford, in 1753. EDWABD BENSLY.
CHATEAUBRIAND AND MADAME LIEVEN. —
The author of ' Le Genie du Christianisme '
has a long, spiteful passage about the con-
versational powers of the lively Russian
ambassadress at the Court of George IV. in
his ' Memoirs ' (vol. iv. p. 74 of Mr. A.
Teixeira de Mattos' s English translation,
London, 1902), which I do not purpose to
reproduce here.
Chateaubriand's second stay in England
lasted only a few months (April to Septem-
ber, 1822), and he is not very verbose about
his doings on that occasion. Consequently
any side-lights must be welcome to his
future biographer. According to a recent
writer,
"la, biographic de Chateaubriand — je veux dire
-sa biographic reelle, et non point celle a demi-
poetique qu'il a magnifiquement orchestree dans
les ' M^moires d'Outre-Tombe ' — est encore a
4crire." — Anatole le Braz, ' Au Pays d'Exil de
•Chateaubriand ' (Paris, 1909).
Among the visitors to London in 1822 was
the Hungarian Count Stephen Szechenyi,
a young hussar officer who has jotted down
a few rough notes in the course of his wander-
ings. As regards our French ambassador
extraordinary we find the following short
entry on 18 June : —
" At York and Boroughbridge [probably visits
to some races or racing stables]. Chateaubriand
is left here altogether unnoticed."
The Hungarian Count soon, returned to
London, and on 9 August there is the follow-
ing entry in his diary, written in his own
tongue : —
At Madame Lieven's with Chateaubriand,
who has behaved in such an awkward and tactless
way on English soil that he has placed himself
in an altogether false position, and cannot in
any way find his place. A good story about
[him and] Countess L. He : ' What a horrid
country this England is ! The women are devoid
of all charms, without any vivacity.' Countess
L. : ' Monsieur 1'ambassadeur, you condemn
them without knowing them, because there are
intellectual women,' &c. He : ' Ah, madame,
I dislike intellectual women.' Countess L. :
'^Well, in that case I must also leave you, Monsieur
1'ambassadeur,' &c. During the meal the topics
were Walter Scott, Lord Byron, &c. Madame L.,
without having either the insight or knowledge
of Chateaubriand, led the conversation with such
assurance and superiority as can only be acquired
by constantly moving about in the great world.
.... There was also some talk about the outing the
other day to see the experiments with Congreve
rockets [at Woolwich on 5 August], about the
clothes worn by Wellington, and about his aide-
de-camp, who on that occasion walked about
with a lady hand in hand, &c. Madame L. was
charmed with this. Chateaubriand : ' Ah well !
One can do these things if one has a Spanish
campaign or a battle of Waterloo at one's back.
When one knows how well these simple-minded
'ellows can fight. . . .But let the Pope's marechal
Dehave like that, and everybody will burst out
aughing.' "
I have faithfully reproduced the style
&c., of the original. One can understand
now why Chateaubriand penned the follow-
ng remark in his memoirs : —
All reputations are quickly made on the banks
of the Thames, and as quickly lost."
L. L. K.
MICHAEL BBUCE, LOGAN, AND ' THE ODE
TO THE CUCKOO.' — At 9 S. viii. 70, 148, 312,
388, 527 ; ix. 95, 209, 309, 414, 469, 512,
-here was a lengthy discussion on the well-
oiown poem to the cuckoo attributed to
Logan. As a supplement to this it may be
f interest to record the fortunes of the
Doem in Wales.
ii s. in. FEB. 11, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
105
It was translated into Welsh by " Caled-
fryn " (William Williams, 1801-69), and has
since been retranslated into English (appa-
rently in ignorance of the original) by the
Rev. E. O. Jones in his ' Welsh Lyrics of the
Nineteenth Century ' (2nd ed., Newport,
Mon., 1907). I have not found the Welsh
version among Caledfryn's works, but from
the English translation it would appear to
have been very close. It is interesting to
compare the final English version with the
original poem : —
Dear playmate of the verdant spring,
We greet thee and rejoice ;
Nature with leaves thy pathway decks,
The woodlands need thy voice.
No sooner come the daisies fair
To fleck the meadows green
Than thy untrammelled notes are heard
Rising the brakes between.
Hast thou some star in yonder heights
To guide thee on thy way,
And warn thee of the changing years
And seasons, day by day ?
Fair visitant, the time of flowers
We welcome now with thee,
When all the birds' unnumbered choir
Warbles from every tree.
The schoolboy on his truant quest
For flowers, wandering by,
Leaps as he hears thy welcome note,
And echoes back thy cry.
To visit other lands afar
Thou soon wilt flying be ;
Thou hast another spring than ours
To cheerly welcome thee.
For thee the hedgerows aye are green,
Thy skies are always clear ;
There is no sorrow in thy song,
Nor winter in thy year !
H. I. B.
MEW OB MEWES FAMILIES. (See 6 S. xii.
369.)— Dr. Peter Mew(s), Bishop of Bath
and Wells 1673, and of Winchester 1684-
1706, born at Caundle Purse 25 March, 1618-
1619, was the son of Ellis Mew(s) by his
marriage with a daughter of John Winniffe
of Sherborne, and sister of Dr. Thomas
Winniffe, sometime Bishop of Lincoln. His
ancestry has not hitherto been traced. The
following notes show three earlier genera-
tions of Mews occurring in or in connexion
with Dorsetshire.
I. John Mewis married Alice, daughter of
John Buckler by his marriage with Agnes,
daughter of John Barber of Maston, Somerset.
Peter Mewes married Jane, another
daughter of John and Agnes Buckler
(" Buckler of Causeway in Radipole,"
Visitation of Dorsetshire, 1565).
II. Peter Mewe of Caundle Purse died
before 6 March, 1597/8, having had issue at
least four sons.
James Mewe of Ditcheat, Somerset, made
his nephew James Mewe of Caundle an over-
seer of his will, dated 17 February, 1618/19,.
proved P.C.C. (10 Soame) 11 February,
1619/20. He left a daughter Mary, married
at Ditcheat, 25 July, 1608, to Henry
Hannam.
William Mewe was an overseer of the will
of John Whetcombe of Sherborne, dated
2 May, proved P.C.C. (76 Lewyn) 22 Sep-
tember, 1598 ; and of that of Edmund Lane
of Lillington, dated 13 August, proved
P.C.C. (84 Harte) 26 November, 1604.
III. One of the elder sons of Peter Mewe
of Caundle Purse was probably father of
Ellis Mew(s) and grandfather of the bishop.
William Mewe, his fourth son, is men-
tioned in the will — dated 20 May, proved
P.C.C. (62 Cobham) 20 June, 1597— of
James Hannam of Hollwell, Somerset,
a bencher of the Middle Temple, as "my
servant." On 6 March, 1597/8, he was
admitted to the Middle Temple ; and on
10 May, 1598, he was admitted, by assign-
ment of Sir Francis Hastings and Mary his-
wife, widow and executrix of James Hannam,
to two chambers in Hannam's Buildings.
He surrendered one of these chambers
12 February, 1608. It was resolved, 8 June,
1627, to admit another tenant to the other
chamber, then described as "the ground
chamber of the late Mr. Mewe, when he kept
the office of the Clerk of the Warrants."
It seems possible that the word " late " is
here used carelessly of a late tenant, and not
of one recently deceased, for on 11 June,
1627, and 12 May, 1629, this chamber is
described as had by " surrender " of Mr.
William Mewe ('Middle Temple Records/
vol. i. pp. 382, 383 ; vol. ii. pp. 488, 723,
748). If so, he may possibly be identified
with William Mewe, a London lawyer who
settled at Eastington, and was the ancestor
of the Gloucestershire Mews, one of whom
was appointed to two prebends by Bishop
Mew(s). TEMPLAR.
TEMPLE BAB IN 1851. — The obstruction to
traffic caused by this narrow gateway in the
middle of London was hardly felt to be
serious until the summer of 1851, when all
the world came to the Great Exhibition in
Hyde Park, for the hitherto comparatively
quiet streets of the metropolis then became
for the first time inconveniently crowded.
I well remember in that year sitting for
twenty minutes on the top of an omnibuft
106
NOTES AND QUERIES. [u s. m. FEB. n, 1911.
tinder the archway during a block in Fleet
Street. It is difficult to realize that London
-at that time was not much more than a large
country town with few hotels — North-
umberland House with its huge empty court-
yard standing on ground now so differently
occupied.
At the time when the removal of the Bar
was under discussion, some excellent plans
for keeping it in the City were unwisely
rejected. HENBY TAYLOR.
Birklands, Birkdale, Lancashire.
" STICK-IN-THE-MUD." — This seems to be
an old colloquialism, but it is not mentioned,
I think, in the ' English Dialect Dictionary.'
I remember, about twenty years ago, hearing
the expression applied to a person who never
made any progress in business or life gene-
rally— he was addressed as " old stick-in-
the-mud " ; and it may be noted that one
who is deficient in histrionic talent is known
as a " stick." An " old fogey " is an " old
stick-in-the-mud," a slowcoach. Hughes
in * Tom Brown at Oxford ' says : " This
rusty old coloured one is that respectable
old stick in the mud, Nicias." But there
is an earlier instance of the use of the phrase
in The General Evening Post of 15-17 Novem-
ber, 1732 :—
" George Sutton was Yesterday before Justice
De Veil, on suspicion of robbing Col. Des Romain's
House at Paddington. The Colonel was in the
Boom with the Justice, and no sooner had Sutton
entered the Boom, but the Colonel said, that is
the Man that first came and seized me with his
drawn Sword in his Hand. The Justice com-
mitted him to Newgate. At the same time James
Baker was before Justice De Veil for the same
Fact. The Colonel could not swear to him, but
the Justice committed him to the same Place with
Sutton. George Fluster, alias Stick in the Mud,
has made himself an Evidence, and impeached
the above two Persons."
Again, in The General Evening Post of
13-15 Dec., 1733,
41 John Anderson, James Baker, alias Stick
in the Mud, and Francis Ogleby were convicted
lor breaking open the House of Thomas Bayner,
.a Silversmith, and stealing Plate to' a considerable
value.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
BBECHIN.— In ' A Catalogue of Rare and
Valuable Books,' recently issued by a pro-
minent London house, the following entry
appears in the section given to Wales :
"Brechin. Black (D. D.). History of Brechin.
Crown 8vo, cloth. Brechin, 1839. 3/6."
The compiler of the catalogue evidently
thought that his volume is concerned with
Brecknock or Brecon, and not with the
ecclesiastical town of Brechin in For-
farshire, which enjoys the distinction of
giving his title to a bishop. Between the
two names thus incidentally associated there
is a possible connexion, which Anderson in
' The Scottish Nation ' discusses as follows :
" Its similarity [that of Brechin, to wit] to the
British name Breckeinoc or Brycheinog, Anglicised
into Brecknock or Brecon (anciently Aberhodni),
the chief town of Brecknockshire, which Giraldus
Cambrensis (1188) and even earlier authorities derive
from Bracken, a regulus or prince of that country,
who died about the year 450, renders it probable
that it is likewise called after some individual of
British or Cambrian origin of that name. Nor is it
impossible that, being a town of great ecclesiastical
antiquity, its round tower being one of the only
two extant in Scotland, and not of later date than
the sixth or seventh century, it may have originated
in a church dedicated to the family of this
Bracken."
" Brechin," it may be added, is not pro-
nounced " Breechin," as the unwary are
prone to think, but belongs to the same
guttural family as Ecclefechan and Auch-
termuchty, with which the Southern visitor
invariably has trouble.
THOMAS BAYNE.
LOWE FAMILY, 1670-80.— The following
entries occur in a copy of the Authorized
Version, 1611, in the British Museum : —
"Sarah Lowe was Borne the 13th of May and
Baptized the 15th of June, 1676.
"Andrewe Lowe was Borne the 31st of March
and Baptized the 9th of May, 1681."
HENKY R. PLOMEB.
CONSCIENCE-STBICKEN : TABDY ADVEB-
TISEMENTS. — The following advertisements
in comparatively recent newspapers may
be worth noting. The first appeared in
The Standard of 9 February, 1888, and the
reply to it in that of 17 February : —
" AMELIA AND CLARA SPENCER, at school in
1837, 5, Prospect-place, Peckham-rye, and whose
home was in that part. — Advertiser DEEPLY
REGRETS doing some ACTS for which they were
accused and may have been expelled."
" AMELIA AND CLARA SPENCER are much
gratified to see the advertisement headed as above.
They freely forgive the advertiser for the wrong
done over 50 years ago. — 173, Church Boad,
Canonbury, N."
A somewhat similar circumstance is
recorded in the following paragraph from
The Standard of 18 October, 1909 :—
" A BELATED CONSCIENCE. — An ex-under-
graduate of Cambridge sends a curious advertise-
ment to a Cambridge paper. He states that one
day in 1852 an undergraduate came into collision
on college premises with a tobacconist's boy,
» s. in. FEB. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
107
and broke some pipes which he was carrying
' The undergraduate, now advanced in years
feels his conscience oppressed by the fact that
he never in any way made good the damage done
either to the boy or his employer.' If ' the boy
ii still alive, he would be glad to hear from him."
W. B. H.
WE must request correspondents desiring in
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
ST. WILLIAM'S DAY AT YOBK. — Can any
one kindly refer me to an historical account
of the observance of St. William's Day at
York, either at the Minster or in the city ?
GEORGE AUSTEN.
The Residence, York.
DOM FBANCISCO MANUEL DE MELLO, the
Portuguese writer, was in London on diplo-
matic missions in 1641 and in the spring of
1663. I should be glad to know of any
references in the newspapers, memoirs, or
other writings of the time to his presence
among us. He was in Rome for the greater
part of 1664, endeavouring to obtain Papal
confirmation for the King of Portugal's
episcopal nominees, and there printed his
* Cartas Familiares ' and * Obras Morales.'
Are there any references to him and his
negotiations in Italian printed sources of the
period ? He sometimes styled himself
Chevalier de St. Clement.
EDGAR PRESTAGE.
Chiltern, Bowdon, Cheshire.
WILLIAM PITT'S LETTER ON SUPERSTITION.
—This letter, quoted by Dr. von Ruville in
his ' Life of Chatham,' vol. iii. p. 359 (Engl.
ed.), is stated to have first appeared in The
London Journal for 1733.
Unfortunately, the only copy of The
London Journal which I have seen, in the
British Museum, has a few pages missing for
1733: the letter is not printed in the
remaining pages.
The letter first, as far as I know, appears in
print in a leaflet which bears no date, but
is ticketed in one of the British Museum
ecrapbooks as of 1760. In 1819 and 1820 the
letter was reprinted as a hawker's broad-
sheet. It was finally republished about
1875 by A. Holyoake as a secularist tract.
Can any reader inform me —
1. What authority there is for attributing
this letter to W. Pitt ?
2. Whether any extant copy of The
London Journal for 1733 shows this letter ?
3. If so, whether the letter there appears
signed by Pitt ? BASIL WILLIAMS.
ISavile Club, Piccadilly.
ARISTOTLE ON EDUCATION. — Aristotle says
somewhere that the work of the educator is
like that of the sculptor, who finds and dis-
engages the statue that is hidden in a block
of marble. Addison refers to it in The
Spectator, No. 215, 1711. Will some one
kindly give me the reference ?
A. SMYTHE PALMER.
MARINE INSURANCE. — I am anxious to
know something about the earliest policies
for assurance of ships or cargoes. The few
facts I was able to find tended towards
showing Valencia and the neighbouring
parts of South-Eastern Spain to be the most
hopeful quarter for further search.
I read, however, in Prof. Heinrich Sieve-
king's * Studio sulle finanze genovesi nel
medioevo ' (Atti della societd ligure di
storia patria, xxxv. [1905] Introd.,p. 15) : —
" La tenuta dei libri di commercio ed il cambio,
Passicurazione e la banca furono coltivati, prima che
da altri, dai Genovesi."
Is this primacy admitted in the particular
case of marine insurance ? Where shall I
find the best " documented " treatment of
the subject ? ROBT. J. WHITWELL.
Oxford.
SIR ROBERT PEEL AND HIS SPEECHES. —
Can any correspondent give the authority
for the story that Sir Robert Peel, when
Prime Minister, used always to lock his study-
door before a great speech ? One day an
urgent letter, it is said, came from the Queen,
and Lady Peel entered the study through
the window in order to deliver it without
delay, and found the Prime Minister on his
knees, praying. W. J.
COURT LIFE. — Where can one find an
account of the various duties of officers of the
Court, Ladies-in-waiting, &c. ? X. Y.
" BEZANT." — The Salisbury Journal, 20
April, 1761, in form of advertisement says : —
1 There will be a ball at the George Inn, Shaftes-
bury, on tuesday 28th irist., being the day after a
Bezant."
What was a Bezant T E. G.
MOTHEB'S MAIDEN NAME AS CHILDREN'S
SURNAME. — Was it formerly a fairly com-
mon practice in Fifesliire for children to take
as surname their mother's maiden name
108
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. FEB. n, 1911.
or the name of a near relative ? If this was
the case, I shall be glad of any indication
where I can get information regarding the
practice. INQUIRER.
LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. — It is
formally announced that among the portraits
recently acquired by the Trustees of the
National Portrait Gallery, and now placed
on exhibition, is that of
"Thomas Robinson, first Baron Grantham, 1695-
1770. Diplomatist, Ambassador at Vienna, 1730-48.
Leader of the House of Commons, 1754-5. Pastel
by an unknown artist."
The story of Robinson's brief and in-
glorious leadership of the House of Commons
is well known to all students of the political
history of that time ; but when was this
position earliest recognized in formal fashion
and the title " Leader of the House of
Commons " first employed ?
POLITICIAN.
LADY O'LOONEY'S EPITAPH. — In a little
book entitled ' English Epigrams and
Epitaphs,' selected by Aubrey Stewart, and
published by Messrs. Chapman & Hall,
1897, the following epitaph is given (p. 218)
with the heading ' In Pewsey Church ' : —
Here lies the body of
Lady O'Looney,
Great-niece of Burke, commonly
Called the Sublime.
She was
Bland, passionate, and deeply religious ;
Also she painted in water colours,
And sent several pictures to the Exhibition.
She was first cousin to Lady Jones,
And of such is the Kingdom of Heaven.
Is this epitaph still in Pewsey Church ?
Is it dated, and is anything known of its
history ? SENESCENS.
[Mr. E. E. Suffling, who prints this epitaph at
p 287 of his 'Epitaphia,' 1909, adds: "In the
chapel of St. George's Bury i tig-ground, London,
facing Hyde Park, was, until its removal a few
years ago, a slab with a tremendously long and
nauseously adulatory epitaph upon it to Mrs. Jane
Maloney (' Lady Looney'), who died in 1839. How
the lady could also be buried at Pewsey I cannot
•say."]
" STRIKE OF SAUNSONS." — In a Court Roll
of the Manor of Duffield, Derby, dated
29 November, 152;), occurs the following
sentence : —
"And also paying to the said John Harewood
and his heirs annually one measure of apples called
a strike of Saunsons growing upon the land afore-
said."
The words italicized are in English in the
Court Roll, the remainder in Latin. A
strike was a measure equal to about two
pecks; but what is a "Saunson" ? Was
there an apple so named ? It is not given
in Gerarde's ' Herbal ' (1595) or Parkinson's
' Paradisus Terrestris ' (1633), nor in any
work in the Royal Horticultural Society's
library. Was it a local namo ?
I shall be much obliged if any correspon-
dent can help me. C. W. FIREBRACE.
70, Cadogan Square, S.W.
SAMUEL GEOKGE SLOMAN of Exeter died in
1846. Can any one kindly tell me where he
was buried, and the name of his. father ?
C. K. R.
" -DE- " : " -TY-."— What is the origin
of " de " in such words as " hobbledehoy/*
" clapperdeclaw," " fleberdegibet " ? Is it
merely the definite article ? What is the
meaning of " hobberdidance " ? It looks
like "Hob o' the dance" beside "Hob
goblin."
In North of England place-names we find
Pikedebield and Catchedecam (also spelt
Catcheety) ; but " -ty-" is more common,
e.g. Joppletyhow, Gracetymoor, Lamitysike,
Fishertyhow, and Cockledebeck or Cocklety-
beck. Probably we cannot explain these
either by the article or by the word " tye-"
so common in the South. OLD SABTJM.
AISLABIE FAMILY. — William Aislabie,
Deputy Governor of Bombay (brother of
John Aislabie, Chancellor of the Exchequer,
who was turned out of the House of Commons
on account of his connexion with the South
Sea Company), had a son William, who
is said to have been M.P. for Ripon from
1727 to 1734. I should be glad of further
information about him. Was he the William
Aislabie who was a captain in the 4th troop
of Horse Guards in 1722 ? He married
Elizabeth, daughter of John and Arabella
Scattergood of Fort St. George, about 1729.
Where did the marriage take place ? William
Aislabie is said to have been of Ditton,
Surrey. There was a son of this marriage,
John Aislabie, who also appears to have been
a captain in the Army. I should be glad tc»
know more of him.
BERNARD P. SCATTERGOOD.
Far Headingley, Leeds.
CECIL HOWARD.— Is there any biography
of this amiable gentleman and dramatic
critic, who died in September, 1895 ? In
Lewis Melville's 'William Makepeace
Thackeray,' it is stated that Thackeray
wrote (20 January, 1862) to Cecil Howard
in regard to ' Lovel the Widower ' to know
if that was the book that Howard was think-
ii s. m. FEB. 11, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
109
ing of dramatizing for Miss Sedgwick
Did Cecil Howard ever write a play of any
kind, or dramatize one for Miss Sedgwick
(Amy) or any one else ? S. J. A. F.
JOHN ABBUTHNOT (1667-1735), PHYSICIAN
AND WIT. — Whom and when did he marry ?
The ' Diet of Nat. Biog.,' ii. 62, does not
mention his marriage, though there is a
reference to his children. G. F. R. B.
CHABLES BARB OUR was admitted on the
foundation at Westminster School in 1674.
There is no information about him in
* Alum. Westmon.' Can correspondents of
* N. & Q.' supply any ? G. F. R. B.
JAMES DRAKE, M.D. (1667-1707).— When
and whom did this political writer marry,
and what family had he ? The * Diet. Nat.
Biog.,' xv. 446, gives no information on these
points. G. F. R. B.
RICHARD HEATH, son of Richard Heath of
Guildford, Surrey, was educated at West-
minster School and Trin. Coll., Camb.,
where he graduated M.A., 1714. I should be
glad to obtain further particulars of his
parentage and career. G. F. R. B.
ELIZABETH Dixoif , QUAKER. — Can any one
tell me anything about Mrs. Elizabeth
Dixon, a Quaker, and a friend and con-
temporary of Elizabeth Fry ? Information
as to her family or place of residence in
Norfolk would be gratefully received by
(Mrs.) M. ELLIOTT.
Hethcl Hall, Norwich.
" WARE " POTATOES. — One of the street
cries of a hawker of my acquaintance seems
to me to be " Four-wheeled cabbage I "
He affirms it to be " All ware new potatoes ! "
and explains " all ware " as a trade term
for " the best." Can any one explain it ?
J. M.
["Ware" is used in Co vent Garden Market to
indicate potatoes of the most even size for cooking,
both the small (called "chats") and large being sold
at lower prices.]
" THE ALMIGHTY DOLLAR." — This phrase
is commonly attributed, and it would seem
rightly so, to Washington Irving. It
appears in his ' Creole Village,' 1837, and he
vindicates it in a foot-note from the charge
of irreverence. But it must have come
into frequent, if not common, use earlier
than that year ; for it occurs in quotation
marks in the Philadelphia Public Ledger,
2 December, 1836, where an editorial
article Bays : " 'The Almighty Dollar ' is the
only object of worship." (The writer is
criticizing Governor Isaac Hill of New
Hampshire. )
It may be that the * Creole Village ' saw the
light in some periodical before this date,
in which case the difficulty is solved. Can
any correspondent clear the matter up ?
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
JUplus.
MILTON BIBLES.
(11 S. iii. 1, 70.)
IT may perhaps be useful to focus the
references to Bibles associated with the name
of Milton. These appear to be as follows,
in order of date : —
1. Breeches Bible (Genevan Bible, 1560),
4to. — A copy of this edition is said to have
been sold in 1901 to Mr. Herbert Dodd
(Dodd, Mead & Co., of New York), and to
have subsequently been disposed of by them
to Mr. Buckler, then of the American Lega-
tion in Madrid, and by him sold by auction
in 1907 to Mr. Alfred J. Barton for 1,225
dollars. The purchaser declared Milton's
signature to be a forgery, Dr. Aldis Wright
being of opinion that it was that of Major
John Milton of the City of London Trained
Bands. See Daily News, 12 November,
1907, and 10 S. ix. 27. If the article in The
Times of 13 December, 1907, be correct
(which it probably is), the description of the
book as a " Breeches " Bible is incorrect,
and the book in question is that next
described.
2. Genevan Version, London (Chr. Bar-
ker), 1588, 4to. — This formerly belonged
to Mr. Alexander Howell. At his sale at
Sotheby's, February, 1901, it was purchased
by Mr. B. F. Stevens for 225?., probably
for America ; but it was not included among
the Miltoniana at the Grolier Club Tercen-
tenary Exhibition. It is a quarto in black-
letter. The poet's signature (" John Mil-
ton ffeb 24 : 1654 ") is written on a piece o{
rough paper 3J inches by 1^ inches, pasted,
inside the front cover. Underneath this are
written " William Minshull, Nantwich "
said to be a relation of Milton's third wife),
and " Thos. Minshull, Middlewich." On
he first fly-leaf are " Mary Matthews,
Vliddlewich," and " Eliz. Mingham " ; on
the second fly-leaf, " J. Mathews." At the
;op of the title of the New Testament is the
ugnature "Elizabeth Milton 1664"
110
NOTES AND QUERIES. tns.iii.FKB.in9u.
years after Elizabeth Minshull married the
poet as his third wife). On the last leaf
(imprint) are the names " L. Matthews,"
"Wm Minshull," and " Eliz. Mingam
1730." On the fly-leaves at the end are
"Elizabeth Minshull" and the following
note : —
"Deo ye 27 1714 I gave this Book to my mother,
the widow Mathews, but if she dyes before me,
I desire that it should be Retorn to me againe.
Wm Matthews.'*
There are two other signatures of the
Mathews family and a pedigree of several of
them (see ' Book-Prices Current, 1901,' pp.
298-9). Milton married Elizabeth Minshull
26 February, 1662/3, and after Milton's death
in 1674 his widow retired to Nantwich, where
her family lived. She died there in 1727.
The signature Elizabeth Minshull on the
fly-leaf at the end suggests that the book
belonged to her before her marriage with
Milton, and that his signature in 1654
(two years after his blindness became com-
plete) must have been cut out of some
document and inserted. The volume in any
case has an interesting connexion with
Milton.
3. British Museum Bible, London, Printed
by R. Barker, 1612, small 4to.— The first
4tp edition of the Authorized Version,
printed in Roman letter. The entries in
this Bible were published in facsimile with
other autographs and documents, by order
of the Trustees of the British Museum, on
the occasion of the Milton Tercentenary,
with a note : —
"Milton used this version, and not the Geneva
Bible, which was the favourite version of the
Puritans in general, and contested the supremacy
with King James's version for a long time after the
first appearance of the latter in 1611."
The purchase by the Trustees of the British
Museum of this Bible is noted at 6 S. x. 45 ;
and the particulars as to Milton's pedigree are
recorded at 7 S. vi. 253.
4. Authorized Version, London (? Robert
Barker), 1613, small 4to.— A copy of this
edition with alleged autograph of John
Milton was formerly in the possession of
George Offor (2 S. xii. 233). This is probably
the book next described.
5. Authorized Version, London (Robert
Barker), 1614, small 4to.— A copy with the
autograph of " John Milton " on the back of
the title-page of the New Testament was
formerly in the possession of George Offor
Above the name of Milton is the autograph
of Robert Colecraft. Bound with this Bible
is a Concordance, 1615, and on the reverse
of the title is " Robert Colecraft," and in a
very small hand, " John Milton " (2 S. iv.
334-5). Samuel Leigh Sotheby was of
opinion that the second signature had all
the appearance of having been written by a
man at an advanced period of life and when
blind, and that the writer was no other
than the poet (' Ramblings,' 1861, pp. 128-9).
This book formed lot 697 of the Catalogue
of the sale of George Offer's books in 1865,
and was, I believe, destroyed at Sotheby's
fire on the second day of the sale.
6. Bible seen by Dr. Birch, 1749-50, who
describes it as "in 8vo, printed by Young
in 1636 " (Hunter, 1850, p. 34). There are
8vo editions by Young of Edinburgh dated
1633, 1637, and 1638, but neither Bohn's
' Lowndes,' the B.M. Printed Catalogue of
Bibles, nor Cotton mentions one dated 1636.
If 1636 be the correct date, Mary Powell
would have been ten years old when it was
published. The limitation of the family
references to the births of Milton's four
children by his first wife, its comparatively
small size, and its being last seen in the
possession of her granddaughter seem to
corroborate the entry " I am the book of
Mary Milton."
7. Bible mentioned by Thomas Kerslake
in The Athenceum of 5 January, 1884, as
of no value and as having been sold by him by
auction. Kerslake states that it formerly
belonged to Bishop Law, and that the name
of Milton written in the book had no simi-
larity to his known autographs.
Now as No. 7 appears unworthy of con-
sideration, No. 1 to be identical with No. 2,
and No. 5 (destroyed by fire) to be identical
with No. 4, only two Bibles associated with
Milton are known to exist, viz., his own
family Bible in the British Museum (No. 3)
and that of his third wife (No. 2) ; while
No. 6, seen by Dr. Birch, may still be in
existence, although its whereabouts are not
known. WYNNE E. BAXTER.
NEWENHAM ABBEY, DEVON (11 S. iii. 70). —
From a note to p. 317 of Oliver's 'Monasti-
con Diocesis Exoniensis ' it appears that the
register formerly belonging to my grand-
father afterwards belonged to Sir Thomas
Phillipps, Bt. The book was published in
1846. W. WAVELL.
Reform Club, S.W.
LADY CONYNGHAM (11 S. ii. 508 ; iii. 37,
71). — The ewer to which MB. JOHN LANE
alludes at the first reference was included in
the sale of the Marchioness Conyngham's
collection at Christie's in May, 1908. It was
not of crystal, but entirely gilt, and bore the
n s. in. FEB. 11, MI.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
Ill
London hall-mark for 1618; the maker's name
was F. Terry. This with the companion dish
realized 4,200?., Messrs. Crichton being the
purchasers. The ewer and the dish are both
illustrated in the sale catalogue. A similar
dish is at Windsor Castle, and is illustrated
in the sixth edition of Cripps's * Old English
Plate ' (frontispiece). There were also in the
sale (4-7 May) several articles in rock
crystal, notably a standing cup and cover
with mounts of French workmanship of the
early part of the seventeenth century ; this,
which may be the article inquired after by
MB. LANE, realized 1,900 guineas. An
account of the collection appeared in The
Times of 13 April, 1908. The Marchioness
died on 28 November, 1907, and an obituary
notice of her was published in The Times
of the day following. She was the wife of
the third Marquess. W. ROBEBTS.
HOLWELL FAMILY (US. ii. 528 ; iii. 74).—
The best account of Governor Holwell (bapt.
23 Sept., 1711 ; died at Pinner, 5 Nov.,
1798) will be found in Dr. H. E. Busteed's
* Echoes from Old Calcutta,' 4th edition,
1900, pp. 47 sqq. (See also 10 S. ix. 370, 455,
518 ; x. 76). Holwell was a grandson of John
Holwell, the mathematician and astronomer
(see 'D.N.B.'), whose father and grand-
father are said to have given their lives to the
Stuart cause, which involved the loss to
their descendants of an ample patrimony
in Devonshire that had been in the family
for generations. I am, however, a little
sceptical with regard to these statements.
I cannot find any Holwell recorded in Mr.
Peacock's ' Civil War Army Lists ' as having
held a commission in the King's forces,
nor in the ' List of Knights and Gentlemen
that have Compounded for their Estates.1
Holwell was not a Visitation family, and
Risdon does not include it in his list of
the gentry of the county of Devon. I
conclude, therefore, that the Holwells were a
family of small yeomen, who may, of course,
have suffered losses in the Civil War, but
were not people of local importance.
Holwell's great - grandson, Major W. A.
Holwell, died at Toronto in October, 1890.
I should like to learn something further
of Edward and Bowes Walcot, both of
whom are said by MB. W. JACKSON PIGOTT,
and also by Burke in his * Landed Gentry,'
to have survived the horrors of the Black
Hole. Holwell in his ' Narrative,' in giving
the list of survivors, mentions only an
41 Ens. Walcott," who was afterwards sent
with Holwell and two others by Meer
Muddun to Murshidabad, where they
were put in chains and endured much
misery. No one of the name of Pigott is
mentioned by Holwell in his lists either of
those who perished or of those who survived.
W. F. PBIDEAUX.
THACKEBAY AND PUGILISM (11 S. iii. 28). —
The article, in Temple Bar headed ' The
Millers and their Men,' and signed " P.,"
may perhaps have been written by Robert
Kemp Philp. My reasons for thinking so
are, I fear, not very convincing. Philp,
who was, at different periods, Chartist,
journalist, editor, and author, sometimes
wrote under the initial "P." His known
works include such titles as * Walks Abroad
and Evenings at Home,' * Natural History,'
' Physical Geography and Geology,' &c., and
show him to have been a keen and intelligent
observer ; but I am not aware of his ever
having written anything on pugilism. He
is best remembered by his ' Enquire within
upon Everything.1 W. SCOTT.
DICKENS: " SHALLABALAH " (11 S. iii.
68). — As a child (in the early sixties), I
remember an old Indian who used to come
round the houses in Thurloe Square beating
a sort of tom-tom, which was hung round
his neck, and crooning out some such word
as the above. We always called him the
" Shallabalah man." But I fancy he was a
Hindoo, and not a Moslem.
E. STUABT SHEBSON.
"ELZE"=ALBEADY (11 S. iii. 25, 72).—
My note on this word was written, primarily,
to register the fact that it still has currency,
and is not a fossilized form resuscitated
from ancient authors by the lexicographer.
Secondly, it seemed apposite to show that
the term in a specific meaning is not ade-
quately considered in what is a generally
approved edition of a standard poet. MB.
WABBACK'S contribution has substantial
supplementary value ; and PBOF. SKEAT'S
etymological explanations are, as always,
as welcome as they are satisfactory.
THOMAS BAYNE.
"PUCKLED" (11 S. ii. 526; iii. 78).—
Most readers at a first glance would probably
understand this word as puckl-ed, the
preterite of an unknown verb to puckle (like
buckled from to buckle), akin to puckle (Old
Eng. pucel), a diminutive of puck, in the
sense of being possessed by a little puck. It
is really, of course, puck-led, mazed or led
astray by that mischievous imp Puck. The
word survives in some of the Midland dia-
lects.
112
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FBB. n, mi.
It is peculiarly interesting to me as helping
to substantiate the explanation which 1
advanced in The Oxford and Cambridge Re-
view (1910, pp. 86-93) of the difficult phrase
" the mobled queen " (' Hamlet,' II. ii. 526).
I there contended that mobled, or mdbled, is
to be analyzed as mob-led or mab-led, led
wandering by Mab, bewildered or bewitched,
infatuated. There is as little reason to infer
a verb moble from mobled as a verb puckle
from puckled. A. SMYTHE PALMER.
" DIE IN BEAUTY " (11 S. iii. 7, 74).— The
phrase will be found in Ibsen's ' Hedda
Gabler ' ; see III. x. ; IV. v. in particular.
It forms, as it were, a " Leitmotiv " of the
action. I have no doubt that the present
vogue of the expression is due to this play ;
but whether Ibsen invented it or took it
from some other source, I am unable to say.
HEINBICH MUTSCHMANN.
University College, Nottingham.
It is, of course, true that in the third and
fourth acts of ' Hedda Gabler,' Hedda is full
of the idea of dying beautifully or gracefully ;
but I do not find the exact 'English phrase
in either the version of Mr. William Archer or
in that of Mr. Edmund Gosse. Is its equiva-
lent in the original Norwegian ? And if BO,
what are the precise words ?
JOHN B. WAINEWBIGHT.
GAMNECOURT IN PICARDY : BARBARA DE
BIERLE (11 S. ii. 429, 512; iii. 50).— After
J. B. P.'s convincing demonstration to the
contrary, I can no longer maintain that John
Erskine of Dun, the Reformer, was married
to Margaret Keith My authority for the
marriage was a foot-note in M'Crie's ' Life of
Andrew Melville,' Edinburgh, 1819. M'Crie
asserts that John Erskine of Dun, the Super-
intendent of Angus, died "on the 16th of
October, 1592, and in the eighty-second
year of his age." In a foot-note he names
his authority: "Act Buik of the Com-
missariot of St. Andrews, Oct. 25, 1593,
and Apr. 19, 1594." I transcribe the
remainder of M'Crie's note : —
«. , fixes his death, by mistake, on
the 12th of March, 1591/2. He also represents
him as ' leaving behind him a numerous posterity '
(' Hist.' 384). But his will mentions only ' his
son and air and Margaret Erskine his dochter,'
who were minors, and whose ' tuitioun, gydinjr &
keeping ' he left to ' his weilbelovit spous Mar-
garet Kaith thair mother.' 'The noble and
potent Lord Robert Lord Altrie ' (probably Mrs.
Rrskme s brother) was one of their ' tutouris
testftmenUris/"— M'Crie's 'Life of Melville,'
vol. n. pp. 22-3.
In the light of J. B. P.'s reply it will be
observed that M'Crie was in error. He con-
founded John Erskine, the great-grandson
(known also apparently as " Erskine of
Dun"), with John Erskine, the Superin-
tendent of Angus. We may gather from the
somewhat complicated details that John
Erskine the Superintendent died in 1589/90 ;
his son Robert in 1590 ; his grandson, John
of Logie, in 1591 ; and his great-grandson
John in 1592. Father, son, grandson, and
great-grandson died within a period of
four years. It may also be noted as curious
that father, son, grandson, and great-grand-
son, within about eighty -four years, were all
of them married and had children by the
time they had respectively reached their
twentieth year.
My thanks are also due to W. C. J., whose
citations clearly show that Barbara do
Bierle was the Superintendent's second
wife. ScoTtrs.
[Reply from MR. ERSKIICE WEST shortly.]
GEOFFREY POLE (11 S. iii. 45). — As the
writer of the lines at 9 S. ix. 468, I am
interested in MR. J. B. WAINEWRTGHT'S
note. Geoffrey or Jeffrey Pole, fourth son
of Sir Geoffrey Pole (d. 1558), is stated to have
married Catherine, daughter of a Dutton
of Dutton in the county of Chester, and to
have had five daughters — Jane, Catherine,
Constance, Martha, and Mary — and two
sons, Arthur (slain s p. at Rome) and
Geoffry (or Geoffrey), the latter still living
in 1606, and then possessed of Wirehall in
Cheshire.
Sir James Pole, a descendant of Geoffrey
Pole (living in 1606), is said to have forfeited
Wirehall to King William. Sir James Pole
had a brother Richard, whose son Richard
was the father of three daughters — Mary
(wife of " Giles Taylor of Lvon's Inn,
Gent."), Elizabeth (wife of Paul Green, a
vinter of London), and Hannah (wife of
Roger Maddock or Mannock, a shoemaker
in Chester).
My authority for these details regarding
Geoffrey, the son of Sir Geoffrey Pole (d.
1558), is (p. 131) 'A Companion and Key
;o the History of England,' by George
Fisher (London, Simpkin & Marshall, 1832).
RONALD DIXON.
1 TIT FOR TAT ' (11 S. ii. 489 ; iii. 56, 76). —
The authoress of ' Tit for Tat ' was Jane
Grace Smith (Mrs. Michael Edward Smith),
as may be seen by the British Museum
Catalogue. She is an entirely different
Derson from the authoress of * Moscha
Lamberti.' WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
ii s. m. FEB. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
113
THE VICTORY : EARLY SHIPS OF THE
NAME (US. iii. 68). — I quote the following
note from the foot of p. 328, vol. ii., 'Eco-
nomical History of the Hebrides,' by John
Walker, D.D., Professor of Natural History
in Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, 1808.
The note occurs under the heading * Preserva-
tion of Timber ' : —
" The Victory man-of-war was built in a hurry,
after the battle of Blenheim, of unseasoned timber ;
she therefore passed in the Navy by the name of
the Green Bough ; and, though a most magnificent,
was never accounted a trusty ship. Her loss proved
a national disaster, which was ascribed by the most
skilful seamen to this original defect."
w. s.
I have before me a few leaves of an old
Britannic Magazine, on which is printed a
list (taken from the Royal Library) of the
English fleet, with the names of the ships and
captains serving under Charles, Lord Howard
of Effingham, Lord High Admiral against
the Spaniards in 1588.
No. 9 in the list is the Victory, a ship of
800 tons, and a crew of 400 marines, her
captain being Sir John Hawkins. Possibly
she was the first vessel known by that
name. In an excellent series of articles
entitled ' Ships of the Royal Navy,' pub-
lished in The Hampshire Telegraph a year or
two ago, and now in book form, AITCHO will
find a very interesting account.
The Victory wrecked off the Casquets,
4 October, 1744, is said to have been built in
1675, and rebuilt at Portsmouth in 1731 —
not 1721, as cited from Charnock by the
querist. F. K. P.
If AITCHO does not know of an earlier
Victory than the one mentioned in 1703, he
will be interested to learn that this fine old
family name was one of honour in the Royal
Navy so long ago as 1582. Many familiar
names will be found in the short catalogue
of the predecessors of the Dreadnought,
Swiftsure, Triumph, Revenge, and others,
given by Harrison in his ' Elizabethan
England ' (Furnivall's edition, " Scott
Library," p. 231). P. A. MCELWAINE.
Dublin.
" LOVE ME, LOVE MY DOG " (11 S. ii. 522 ;
iii. 51). — I am not surprised that objection
is made to what I said at the first reference
as to Aristotle's statement concerning the
ages of dogs. WERNERINA (ante, p. 52)
has been led astray by trusting to a poor
translation of the Greek original. The
whole passage is quoted by Samuel Clarke in
his ' Homeri Odyssea, Grsece et Latine '
(6th ed., vol. ii., p. 126), under 11. 326-7 of
the seventeenth book of that poem, which
describe the death of Argos. The first
sentence, to which a simple allusion was
made, is important, and should have been
given in full. " The male of the Laconian
dogs lives ten years, and the female about
twelve," says the philosopher. It will be
noticed that he attributes greater longevity
to the female. He then continues : " But
most females [at TrAetcrrai] of other dogs live
about 14 or 15 years, a few [cvtcu — note the
gender] even 20 ; wherefore some persons
[rtves] think that Homer was correct when
he made the dog of Ulysses [rbv Kvva TOV
'OoWcrews] die in his 20th year " (Aristot.,
' De Hist. Animal.,' lib. vi. cap. 20). Being
a dog, Argos could not have attained to such
an age ; therefore Aristotle, according to his
own teaching, could not have come to such
a lame and impotent conclusion as the one
he mentions.
In Clarke's * Homeri Odyssea,' at the
same reference as given above, is quoted
the opinion of ^lian, who roundly declares
that " the Argos of Ulysses and the story
about him [the dog] seem to be one of
Homer's puerilities." The same writer
states that " the greatest age of a dog is
14 years " (' De Animal,' lib. vi. cap. 40).
This must have been one of the instances
Horace had in mind when he wrote
Indignor, quandoque bonus dormitat Homerus.
* De Arte Poetica,1 359.
JOHN T. CURRY.
" Le Livre des Proverbes Frangais, pr6-
ced6 de recherches historiques .... parJM. Le
Roux de Lincy, seconde edition,"fc_1859,
has the following :
Tome i. p. 170, in Serie No. IV. : —
Qui m'aime il aime mon chien.
(Anc. prov., Ms.) XIII* siecle.
(Prov. communs.) XV* siecle.
" On dit qui m'aime aime mon chien."
(Trlsor de Jeh. de Meung, vers 1,667.)
XIII* siecle.
Tome ii. p. 481 : —
Qi me eyme erne mon chen.
The last is in " Appendice No. III. Pro-
verbes de Fraunce, d'apres un manuscrlt
de Cambridge du Corpus Christi College.
(Extraits communiques par M. Francisque
Michel.)" LZ1
The Latin " Qui amat me, amat & canem
meum," is given in the ' Adagia ' of Erasmus
and others, 1599, col. 1984.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
114
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. n, 1911.
Is it St. Bernard of Clairvaux who sa,id,
" Dicitur certe vulgar! quodam proverbio :
Qui me amat, amat et canem meum " ?
(St. Bernard, ' In Festo S. Michaelis,
Sermo Primus, sect. iii. p. 102 b, vol. i.,
Parisiis, 1719, fol.)
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
For MB. BBESLAB'S information (ante,
p. 62) I make the following extracts from
Chambers' s Encyclopaedia ' : " Wolves can
readily be tamed when taken young, and then
exhibit all the characteristics of domestic
dogs " ; also : " The wolf's natural voice
is a loud howl, but when confined with dogs
it will learn to bark." N. W. HILL.
WET HAY (US. ii. 469, 535 ; iii. 53).—
At the last reference a valued contributor
to * N. & Q.' waxes facetious over the idea
of wet hay being ever found in a dog-kennel.
He fails to remember that ladies' lapdogs
•and shepherds' collies form but a small
portion of the canine family ; that kennels
such as those of the Beaufort and Quorn
hunts were unknown at the time when
Webster wrote his drama ; and that the
saying " to live a dog's life anu die a dog's
death " has become a kind of proverb
expressive of the acme of human misery.
SCOTUS.
Hay is often damped for horses which have
bad wind, to lay the dust present in almost
all hay. Many people also sprinkle water
on the oats or crushed beans.
GALFBID K. CONGBEVE.
Vermilion, Alberta.
[MB. M. L. R. BBESLAB also thanked for reply.]
IBISH BOOK OF REMEMBBANCE (11 S.
iii. 70).—
"In 1783 Mr. J. Fitzgerald published the first
4 Cork Remembrancer'; in 1792 Mr. A. Edwards
published the second ; the present attempt is the
third. We believe our city has furnished the only
examples of such compilations."
[ take this extract from the preface to
' The Cork Remembrancer,' by Francis H.
Tuckey, 8vo, pp. ex. + 352,' Cork, 1837,
which has " a list of subscribers printed at
the beginning." Could any of these be the
work sought for by MB. ROBEBTS CBOW ?
EDITOB ' IBISH BOOK LOVEB.'
BELFAST REGISTEBS (US. iii. 70). — I am
afraid there are no registers of Belfast
going back as far as 1677. The first Presby-
terian Church was founded in 1672, but the
first volume of its baptismal register has been
missing since 1790, and has been advertised
for several times without result. The
second volume, commencing in 1757, is in
existence, and has been printed in ' Historic
Memorials of the First Presbyterian Church '
(Belfast, 1877, 4to), by Principal Gordon,
now of Manchester. The parish church
dates only from 1774. In R. M.^Young's
' Town Book ' (Belfast, 1892, 8vo) the
names are given of the leading citizens in
1677, and they may perhaps be of assistance
to your correspondent.
EDITOB * IBISH BOOK LOVEB.'
Kensal Lodge, N.W.
EUSEBY CLEAVEB, ABCHBISHOP OF DUBLIN
(US. ii. 489; iii. 53). — See Misc. Gen. et
HeraL, vol. ii. pp. 304-5, where the Arch-
bishop's mother is given as Martha Lettice of
Lushden, Northants — no doubt a daughter
of the Rev. John Lettice, who was Rector
of Rushden in 1719. H. HOUSTON BALL.
ROGEBSON COTTEB (11 S. ii. 489 ; iii. 53)
was admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 2 August,
1766. His name appears in the ' Dublin
Directory ' for 1794, but not afterwards,
as of Grattan Street, Dublin, and Mallow,
co. Cork. He married in 1794 Jane, widow
of William Grady, and daughter of Richard
Harrold of Limerick.
H. HOUSTON BALL.
' A VOICE FBOM THE BUSH '(US. iii. 48). —
This piece was included in the "Miscel-
laneous " section of ' Poems by the late
Adam Lindsay Gordon,' which was published
by A. H. Massina & Co. of Melbourne in
1884. There is some doubt whether all the
pieces in this " Miscellaneous " section were
from the pen of Gordon. The poem was not
printed by him in the slim volume of ' Bush
Ballads and Galloping Rhymes ' which was
published at Melbourne in 1870. It un-
doubtedly seems to reflect the unfortunate
attitude of mind into which Gordon fell
during his later years. The London pub-
lisher of the book was Samuel Mullen, 48,
Paternoster Row, and it frequently appears
in second-hand booksellers' catalogues. The
poem consists of fifteen stanzas, of which the
first runs as follows : —
High noon, and not a cloud in the sky
To break this blinding sun.
Well, I've half the day before me still,
And most of my journey done.
There's little enough of shade to be got,
But I'll take what I can get,
For I'm not so hearty as once I was,
Although I'm a young man yet.
W. F. PBIDEAUX.
ii s. in. FEB. ii, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
115
This poem is printed on p. 25 et seq. in
4 Australian Poets, 1788-1888,' edited by
Douglas B. W. Sladen, and published in
1888 by Griffith, Farran & Co. Prefixed to
the poem is a note explaining the incorrect
attribution of it to A. Lindsay Gordon, and
further stating that
" its real authorship is well known among students
of Australian literature ; and though the author
wishes his name not to appear again, the poem
is given as finally revised by him for ' Australian
Ballads and Rhymes.' "
L. A. W,
Dublin.
* A Voice from the Bush ' will be found
in The Temple Bar Magazine, No. 150, for
May, 1873 (vol. xxxviii.'p. 186). R. B.
Upton.
The poem * A Voice from the Bush ' was
written by Mr. Douglas B. W. Sladen, though
it has been printed among Adam Lindsay
Oordon's poems. In 1888 it appeared in a
corrected form, revised by the author, in
the " Canterbury Poets " series, * Australian
Ballads and Rhymes,' London, Walter
Scott, pp. 1-5. The Table of Contents
in that volume attributes the authorship
to Mr. Sladen, who, though the editor of the
collection, had not chosen to reveal himself.
W. SCOTT.
[In the fourth edition of * Australian Ballads
and Rhymes,' edited by Mr. Sladen, the authority
cited in the Contents for the poem is Temple Bar.
In ' A Century of Australian Song,' also edited by
Mr. Sladen and published by Walter Scott, the
poem is entered in the Contents as " Anonymous,
South Australia," and the South Australian
Register is given as the authority.
MR. PERCY ADDLESHAW, S. J. A. F., J. H. K.,
OLD SARUM, and C. L. S. also thanked for
replies.]
JEREMY SMITH, 1666 (US. iii. 70). — In the
4 Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, June,
1660,' is a grant to Jeremiah Smith of the
office of Keeper of Battles Walk, Windsor
Forest. This Walk does not appear in
Norden's map of the Forest. I have not at
hand the works of either Hughes or Menzies
on the Forest ; they might give some in-
formation. FREDERIC TURNER.
CHERTSEY CARTULARIES (US. iii. 70). —
•G. A. K. will find that neither the Lansdowne
MSS. 434-5 at the B.M. nor the "Ex-
chequer Leiger" at the P.R.O. have been
printed. Here is a good opportunity for one
of those people who have a difficulty in dis-
posing of their millions to do, or cause to be
done, some useful and interesting work. At
the beginning of Lansdowne MS. 435 is a
portion of a fourteenth-century survey of
Egham undertaken by John de Rutherwyk,
Abbot of Chertsey ; it is a portion of a com-
plete survey of the possessions of the abbey.
This fragment I hope to publish myself
before long. FREDERIC TURNER.
Egham.
SIR JOHN CHANDOS (US. iii. 25). — In ' Le
Prince Noir Po6me du Herault d'Armes
Chandos,' edited by Francisque-Michel,
London and Paris, 1883, is a note, p. 304,
which says that Sir John Chandos,
" son of Sir Edward Chandos, in the words of Du
Guesclin * the most illustrious knight in the world,'
served in the campaigns of 1339, was present at
Crecy, Poitiers, Najera, and fell at the bridge of
Lussac, 31 December, 1369 He was one of the
founders of the Garter, and his plate is still
remaining in the stall he formerly occupied in St»
George's Chapel."
There is the following foot-note t —
"See Luce's Froissart, t. iv. p. 91. § 324, and p. 322 ;
and t. v. p. 28, § 381. In Rymer's * Fojdera,' vol. iii.
p. 343, is a deed of gift of two parts of the manor of
Kirkeld in Lindsay to Sir John Chandos, for his
good service at the Battle of Poitiers.
" There is a paper by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick
in the Archceologia, vol. xv. pp. 484-495, and a more
valuable one by Benjamin Fillon (Londres et
Fontenay, 1856, 8vo. magno, 35 pages), which is
illustrated by the signature and handwriting of
Chandos, the signet of the Black Prince and James
Audley, the seals of John de Creswell, Hugh de
Calviley, Hugh and Geffrey Worresley, Robert
Knolles and Thomas Percy, whose signature is
given as that of John de Harpeden.
" At the beginning of this century, the name of
Chandos was recalled on the occasion of a law suit,
which made a great noise and gave rise to Sir
Egerton Brydges's papers (1822 fol.), and 'Chandos
Family' (30 pages, 4to, no title. Reprinted from
the ' introduction to Sudeley Castle *) ; to George
Frederick Beltz's ' Chandos Peerage Case ' (London,
1834, 8vo) ; and to ' A Letter in a statement relative
to the Barony of Chandos,' in the * Synopsis of the
Peerage of England,' by Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas,
London, 1841, pp. 14, 12mo."
The stall plate of Sir John Chandos
appears on plate iv. in ' The Stall Plates of
the Knights of the Order of the Garter,
1348-1485,' by W. H. St. John Hope, 1901.
It is
" now in the twenty-first stall, on the south side of
the quire. A cut-out plate, in admirable preserva-
tion, representing the shield of arms, gold a pile
aides, with silver helm, garnished gold, and covered
by a red mantling with gold branches on the
slittered ends and lined ermine. The crest, which
rises directly from the helm without any torse, is a
man's head silver icith sable hair and beard and a
fillet vert. On a gilt scroll attached to the lower
margin is inscribed
: Mons' . John . Chandos : primer fondeur
(Inscription in old English.) "
116
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. n, 1911.
Chandos Herald thus records the death
of Sir John : —
Et puis gaires ne demora
Que Chaundos auxi trespassa
Au pont de Lussac, bien savez.
Line 3944.
Without correction according to the
errata, the reference is line 3974.
According to the ' Dictionary of National
Biography,' Sir John Chandos, wounded at
the bridge of Lussac 31 December, 1369,
died at Mortemar on the day following.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
THE BLACK PRINCE'S LANGUAGE (11 S.
iii. 7). — There can surely be little doubt
that the Black Prince spoke the language of
Provence — the language of Froissart and the
troubadours. The French territory over
which he ruled lay within the Provengal
district, to the south of the Loire. Langue-
doc, another name for the Provencal speech,
la langue d'oc, was employed to distinguish
it from la langue d'oil, or the dialect of
Northern France. According to Prof.
Saint sbury, Provencal was the language not
oaly of Southern France, but also of Savoy
beyond the Alps and Catalonia beyond the
Pyrenees. " It altered less from the Latin
[than the northern tongue], and was on the
whole more like Spanish or Italian than
French."
I do not pretend to say what particular
dialect is represented by the sentences
quoted by MB. ALBAN DORAN, but would
venture to submit that too much importance
ought not to be attached to words which a
modern writer of history puts into the mouth
of his characters. SCOTTJS.
SYBIL, QUEEN OF SCOTLAND : HER
PARENTAGE (11 S. iii. 44).— The new ' Scots
Peerage,' which ought to be an authority on
such matters, calls her Sybille Corbet. Are
there any charters in Scotland which
authorize this name ? SHERBORNE.
Sherborne House, Northleach.
In Table XVIII., headed ' Genealogy of
the Kings of Great Britain surnamed
Stuart,' in that curious work ' A Companion
and Key to the History of England,' by
George Fisher (London, 1832), the wife of
Alexander I. of Scotland is given as " Sibylla,
granddaughter of William the Conqueror " ;
but in the body of the work (p. 232) it is
stated that Alexander I., " surnamed the
Fierce," died 1124, " leaving no issue by his
wife Elizabeth, natural daughter of Henry I
°^ EngJand " RONALD DIXON.
46, Maryborough Avenue, Hull.
"WOODYER" (11 S. ii. 529).— This word
is not wholly obsolete in Sussex. I have
heard it pronounced " woody -er." It i&
equivalent to " woodman," and, as I know
it, designates the man who looks after the
undergrowth in a copse or wood mainly
used for the cultivation of it. When the
undergrowth is sold " standing," he sees that
the woodcutters sent by the purchaser keep
to their lot, do not infringe on the other less
mature lots, do no damage to trees, &c. I
am sorry it never occurred to me to send the
word to Prof. Wright for the ' E.D.D.,' but it
will now be rescued from oblivion.
E. E. STREET.
Chichester.
I have heard men who worked regularly
in the wood, " loppin', choppin', an' trim-
min'," called both " wodyers " and " wood-
yers," just as other workers with the saw in
wood or saw-pit are sawyers. A man I
knew who was a noted " thak-peg " maker
was often called " a pegyer." There are folk
in country places who naturally turn the
terminal " er " into ** yer."
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Woodyer is a family name, a form, says
Bardsley, of the old " le Woodere," one who
lives under the shade of a wood.
C. C. B.
[ScoTUS also thanked for reply.]
" TERSE " CLARET (US. iii. 7). — Does not
this mean "neat," unadulterated claret from
the imported wine-tun ? Many were the
instances, at the time alluded to and long
before, of the adulteration and mixing of
wine, in which water played an important
part. Cowel in his ' Interpreter ' (s.v. not
"terse," but " terre tenant") says that
" terse is a certain Measure of liquid things,
as Wine, Oyl, &c., containing the sixth part
of a Tun, 32 H. 8. 14, or the third part of a
Pipe." And a tierce or terce is described by
N. Bailey in his * Dictionary,' 1740, as a
liquid measure containing 24 gallons. When
we refer to Prof. Skeat (' Etym. Diet.,' 1901),
we are informed that the word is from the
Latin tersus, meaning " clean, neat, pure*
nice, terse." J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
In Thomas Shadwell's comedy of ' The
Humourists,' Act I. sc. i., Crazy says : " We
that drink Burgundy, like Bay-trees, are
green, and nourish all the year." In III. i.
Friske says : " Drink a bottle of Rhenish
and Sugar." But in IV. i., where Bricke
requests Raymund to " stay a little and
ii s. in. FEB. 11, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
117
debate the business over a bottle of wine
first," Raymund replies, somewhat taunt-
ingly : " Must I stay, till the strength
of Terse claret have wet yourself into
courage ? "
" Terse claret " was no doubt the red
wine known by the name of claret, as it is
stated by a wine merchant that it was not
before 1750 that the first-growth claret,
properly prepared and of proper age came
to England from France ; so the term
" terse " does denote a good quality of
wine. TOM JONES.
May I presume to suggest that SIR JAMES
MURRAY has supplied the answer to his own
query ? Terse is simply " tierce " (<
(often
simply " ti<
spelt " terce " in old books, as, for example,
in Boyer's ' French-English Dictionary,' ed.
1729), meaning a cask, of claret or any other
wine, containing 42 gallons. If we substitute
for terse the word " cask " in the three
quotations cited by SIR JAMES, the sense
of the different passages will be quite
apparent. Thus in * Bellamira,' Act. II.
sc. i., Merryman had imbibed so many
gallons of wine that they amounted in the
aggregate to several casks, consequently
any jolt would have spilt a cask at a time,
and not merely a gallon. W. S. 8.
ADDERS' FAT AS A CURE FOR DEAFNESS
<11 S. iii. 69). — SCRUTATOR'S query puts
me in mind that my mother had in her
medicine cupboard — possibly some sixty
years ago — a small phial of pinkish oil,
which she said was viper oil for the cure of
vipers' bites. It was extracted and pre-
pared from the dead snakes by a man who
plied the trade of ratcatcher and viper-
killer in the neighbourhood. We were then
living in Kent, about six miles from Dover.
My mother could not say if the oil was
efficacious, as she had never had experience
of its use. EGERTON GARDINER.
Adders' or any other fat may relieve
temporary deafness due to an accumulation
of hardened wax in the ear, and possibly
the fat of adders may possess peculiar pene-
trating and solvent properties. Certainly
it has long had, and among country people
still has, this reputation. I have often had
dead adders brought to me in Lincolnshire
under the impression that they still are, as
they once were, included in our Materia
Medica ; and I have seen them, preserved in
spirits, in country chemists' shops, where
they serve the same purpose as the " stuff 'd
-alligators " of the old apothecaries. I do
not know that their fat was ever recom-
mended specifically for deafness, but it was
much used in many cutaneous affections,
and for dropping into the eyes to clear the
sight. It is, says Alleyne (1733), "more
penetrative and active than other oily sub-
stances." For the subject of the viper
in medicine see Wootton's ' Chronicles of
Pharmacy.' C. C. B.
The application of oil to the ear is some-
times advisable in cases of deafness due to
stoppage of the meatus. Adders' fat, being
the produce of a reptile which is, proverbially,
wilfully d.eaf, would be specially curative on
the similia similibus curantur system, that
was known by the folk-leech before Hahne-
mann. ST. SWITHIN.
The peasantry of the Home Counties
(Berkshire, for example, where adders are
more plentiful than in the Midlands)
regard this fat as a safe cure for the poison
of an adder's bite. I do not remember it in
connexion with deafness.
WM. JAGGARD.
Avonthwaite, Stratford-on-Avon.
EARLY BEEFSTEAK CLUB (11 S. ii. 445, 497).
— On referring to ' The Life and Death of
the Sublime Society of Beefsteaks,' by Bro.
Walter Arnold (1871), I find that the
anonymous writer quoted by MR. HOLDEN
MACMICHAEL is correct in assigning the date
of the foundation of the Society to 1735.
The book contains a list of " the original
24 members of the Sublime Society of
Beefsteaks founded in the year 1735 by John
Rich, harlequin and machinist at Covent
Garden."
This is confirmed by " Thormanby " in an
article in Temple Bar for March, 1906, in
which he repeats the date, but calls Rich
" Henry " instead of John. The article
is entitled ' The Laureate of the " Beef-
steaks," ' and refers to Capt. Charles Morris
of " the sweet shady side of Pall Mall " fame.
I have other references to the Sublime
Society (which must not be confused with
the Beefsteak Club, or other sporadic
societies), but can find none earlier than the
foregoing.
There was a Beefsteak Club in the reign of
Queen Anne (Spectator, No. 9, 10 March,
1710/11): Dr. King dedicated his 'Art of
Cookery ' to it. John Timbs in his ' History
of Clubs and Club Life ' refers to several
other Beefsteak Clubs.
FRANK SCHLOESSER.
118
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. FEB. n, 1911.
GRANGE COURT, ST. CLEMENT DANES
(11 S. iii. 28). — Mr. Canning, attorney,
who lived next door to " The Grange Inn "
in Carey Court, " facing Lincoln's Inn Play-
house," offered in 1742 a reward of thirty
shillings for the recovery of
" a new superfine cloth Coat, of a light Colour, made
Frock - Fashion, with little Stiffening, had a Roll
Sleeve, a very narrow fall-down Velvet Collar, a
Plait-behind, lin'd with Shalloon, and Silver Plate
Buttons on when lost."— Daily Advertiser, 25 March.
Was not this Mr. Canning probably the un-
fortunate father of the distinguished George
Canning, who, when he came to London,
entered himself of the Middle Temple,
and was called to the Bar ?
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
OWLS CALLED " CHERUBIMS " (11 S. ii. 505 ,
iii. 15). — The likeness of the bird to the
cherub is indicated by the fact that a well-
known Oxford don secured nicknames
from both. From Jowett's ' Life and
Letters,' by Campbell and Abbott (1897),
I gather (p. 66) that Mrs. Grote called Jowett
" the cherub," and Mrs. Ferrier of St.
Andrews " the little downy owl."
HIPPOCLTDES.
QUAKER OATS (U.S. ii. 528; iii. 75). — I
may be wrong, but I have always taken it for
granted that the name owed its origin to the
fact that the gentleman who introduced
Quaker Oats to the public is a member of
the Society of Friends.
EGERTON GARDINER.
SHIP LOST AT SEA IN THE FIFTIES (11 S. ii.
528 ; iii. 76). — The vessel in which Thomas
Hall, brother of the late Sir John Hall,
Premier of New Zealand, left this country in
1852 was burnt to the water's edge and its
passengers transferred to another boat.
S. D. C.
PAUPER'S BADGE (US. ii. 487 ; iii. 55). —
In Scotland the beggar's badge appears to
have been enforced at an earlier date than the
pauper's badge (referred to at the first
reference) in England. Mr. Ingleby Wood in
his ' Scottish Pewter- Ware and Pewterers '
says, p. 4, that in 1574 " an Act was passed
requiring all deserving beggars to wear a
pewter or leaden badge for the purpose of
distinguishing them from the ' sorners and
vagabonds,' as the undeserving were termed,"
and that the Scottish gipsies " did not hesi-
tate to forge these badges for sale to other
rogues and as a means of obtaining alms
for themselves from the charitably disposed."
A special chapter of Mr. Wood's bookr
pp. 115-21, is devoted to the subject of
' Beggars' Badges.' No. XXXI. of the very
fine plates which adorn the book shows ten
examples of the collection of beggars' badges-
(many of them of pewter) which is to be
found in the National Museum of Antiquities
of Scotland, Edinburgh. Another collection
may be seen in the Smith Institute, Stirling.
G. L. APPERSON.
A Quaker Post-Bag : Letters to Sir John Eodcs
of Barlbrough Hall and to John Gratton of
Many ash, 1693-1742. Selected and edited
by Mrs. Godfrey Locker-Lampson. (Longmans
&Co.)
THE book before us is of unusual interest. Though
the literature of the Society of Friends published
in the seventeenth and " eighteenth centuries
has long attracted attention, these letters are
widely different from any of the others which are
generally known. They reveal the ordinary
domestic life of the Quakers in a manner not
found elsewhere, and give the reader a clearly
denned impression of the gentle and kindly
characters of Sir John Rodes of Barlbrough Hall
and his circle of friends. Ideas are, perhaps,
too often repeated, for his correspondents were
not invariably on an equal level of intellectual
development with himself, some of them being,
simple people who valued not only his sterling,
goodness, but also his position as a baronet —
the only Quaker baronet in England, so far as.
we know. Their admiration did not prevent
them from speaking freely, however, when they
considered that it was a duty ; and none of them
was afraid of giving unasked advice. Living in
an age when the tie of marriage was considered
almost a necessity for every man of good repute r
they constantly offered suggestions which in
these days would be stigmatized as highly
impertinent.
Thomas Lawson, although he did not know
Sir John by sight, evidently took great interest
in his character and pursuits. He had heard1
that the baronet was fond of plants, and seems
to have credited him with a sympathy for botan-
ists, since he draws attention to the fact that he
himself has wandered in all directions in search of
specimens, and further avows that he takes
interest in antiquarian matters also, though
botany is his chief study. The ardent desire
he had to spread knowledge is proved by the fact
that when George Fox, William Penn, and others
became anxious to buy land near London for a
" Garden School House " where all kinds of
English plants and many foreign varieties were
to be cultivated, Lawson determined to have a
hand in the work. His project was to write a
book in Latin for the use of the students, so that
they might study the ancient language which they
were intended to acquire, and at the same time
learn something of the botanical specimens
around them. Unhappily, this undertaking,.
us. ni.FKB.li, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
119
which might have produced excellent results, was
never carried out, though the Master of Christ's
College, Cambridge, spoke of it as likely to "fill
the nation with philosophers." It was probably
hindered by some person or persons in authority,
whose powers of thwarting the development of
natural science are not dwelt upon.
Among the letters of Henry Gouldney to Sir
John Bodes is a most interesting document which
is reproduced in facsimile, but is, we believe, on a
smaller scale than the original. Its title is ' The
Humble Address of the People called Quakers
from their yearly meeting in London, the 26th
Day of the Third Month called May, 1716.' It is
well composed, but, we must confess, more
flattering in the passages relating to what they
called "unnatural rebellion" than we should
have anticipated. We believe it to be a docu-
ment of the greatest rarity, unknown to almost
the whole of the Quakers of the present day.
John Tomkins, who wrote many of the letters,
had a wider range of thought than the majority
of the correspondents. His account of the great
storm of November, 1703, which must have been
of tropical violence, should be consulted by
modern meteorologists. It is not improbable that
some passages in it give a better description of
that tremendous gale than can be found elsewhere.
IN The Fortnightly Mr. J. L. Garvin's political
article bears the title ' From Reval to Potsdam,'
and is largely concerned with the building and
control of the Bagdad Bailway. Mr. Swift
MacNeill in ' Foreign Policy and Parliamentary
Control ' points once more to the predominance
of the Cabinet in these latter days which is
beginning to attract general attention. Mr.
William Archer has an interesting account of
' The Portuguese Bepublic,' more favourable than
some we have recently read, and very properly
including some of the history which led to the
Revolution. ' The Kaiser's Conquest,' by Bri-
tannicus, points out that the German Emperor
has returned to that style of speech which at the
end of 1908 led to a period of discretion and
reserve, and that the consequent campaign against
him has failed this time to reveal a " determined
popular opinion." ' Tolstoy's Last Days,' by
Zinaida Vengerowa, is an exaggerated article
which does not impress us in the least. Mrs.
Woods adds here to her Cornhill articles one on
' Round Table Mountain ' ; and " G." gives an
alarming account of the prevalence of ' Anarchist
Propaganda in England.'
At the end of the number we find two articles
concerned with ancient Greece, for Mr. C. G. D.
Roberts's ' Heliodore of the Myrtles ' gives a
pretty picture of the lady as the chief love of
Meleager, and Walter Lennard's fifth section ' In
Search of Egeria ' introduces the amorist talking
Sappho with a French lady. This section is
obviously the work of an expert scholar, and,
looking through the advertisements in this
number, we notice that these clever studies are
now revealed as by TMr. W. L. Courtney.
IN The Cornhill for February Mr. Stephen
Gwynn, M.P., has a lively article on ' Electioneer-
ing in Ireland,' and Mrs. Woods's " Pastel " is
' By the East Coast,' beginning with Beira, and
ending with Zanzibar. As usual, Mrs. Woods
gives us a good deal of information in a pleasant
style: Prof. G. H. Bryan in ' The Wastage of
Men, Aeroplanes, and Brains ' points out that-
flying in the air " has been developed in a one-
sided way, and this on the most dangerous side."
The conditions of stability have not been suffi-
ciently considered by aviators largely innocent
of mathematics. Mr. Marmaduke Pickthall has
an excellent short story, ' The Tale of a Camp/
in which the servants of a party touring in
Palestine take advantage of the conceit of the
missionary who leads it, and make him do much
of their work. The talk of the servants is par-
ticularly vivid, but we should be glad to know
what a " khawajah " is. Mr. F. E. Dugdale
writes on ' Blue Jimmy : the Horse Stealer,*
who was once famous in the West of England.
Nineteen times he was brought before a judge,
and the eighteenth trial, in 1822, was so lucky an
escape for him that the wonder is he pursued his
thieving after it. Unfortunately for him, he
had the same judge on his last two appearances
in court, and recognized in 1825 that his fate was
sealed. Mr. A. C. Benson's study of ' Bishop
Wilkinson ' retains the remarkable level of
interest which his series of people who have in-
fluenced him has had from the beginning. His
subject in this case is a fine example of spirituality
with whom *' personal relation with God " was
wonderfully vivid. The new chapters of ' The
Lost Iphigenia ' are both lively and arresting.
We are rather disappointed with the literary
competitions, which seem so far to afford little
scope for critical power and much for mere
industry.
The Nineteenth Century has abundance of
politics, with which we do not care to deal. Sir
R. Anderson tackles ' The Problem of the Criminal
Alien,' and suggests as an expert what common
sense no doubt suggested to a good many persons
lately — that an alien anarchist living by crime
ought to be allowed to go free only in virtue of a
permis de sejour. He also thinks that the posses-
sion of a revolver without a magisterial licence
should be made a criminal offence, in order to
put a stop to armed burglars. Dr. T. B. Hyslop
writes with ample experience of lunatics on-
1 Post-Illusionism and Art in the Insane,' hinting
obliquely at the Post-Impressionists. While
his over-use of scientific words endorses his ex-
rrience as a doctor, we do not gather that he
inclined to admire symbolism or anything
beyond photographic representation (which is
hardly art) in the sane, and there are several
" question -begging " adjectives in his clever dis-
course. Canon Beeching on ' The Revision of the
Prayer Book ' explains a question on which some
misconception exists. Mr. Stephen Gwynn has a
striking paper on ' The Writings and Opinions of
General Sir WTilliam Butler,' a man who was
admirable alike as soldier and writer. Of the
remaining articles, that by the Abbe" Ernest
Dimnet is by far the most interesting. He writes
English with remarkable force and point, and
explains the curious position held by the very
able group who bring out the daily paper, Action
FranQaise. Royalist, but not at one with official
Royalism, this paper has a great influence on
anti-Republic journalists outside Paris. The
Abb<* contrasts this lively source of abuse, protest,
and insolence with the inertness of the Radical
majority in France. But, after all, it is always
the defeated and dissatisfied minority that makes
most of the epigrams and complaints.
120
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. FEB. 11, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — FEBRUARY.
MB. RICHARD CAMERON'S Edinburgh Catalogue
234 is again full of items of Scottish interest.
We note Couper's ' Bibliography of Edinburgh
Periodical Literature,' 1908, 10s. ; facsimile issue
of the Kilmarnock Burns, 11. 5s. ; Drummond's
4 Old Edinburgh,' large folio, 18s. Qd. ; ' Edin-
burgh in the Olden Time,' large folio, 15s. ; W. H.
Murray's addresses at the Adelphi and Theatre
Royal, Edinburgh, with memoir, 1851. 6s. Qd. ;
Grant's ' Old and New Edinburgh,' 3 vols., 15s. ;
Hogg's ' Jacobite Relics,' first edition, 2 vols.,
1819-21, 11. 2s. ; Dunn-Pattinson's ' Ninety-
First Highlanders,' 1910, 21. 2s. ; and a complete
set of Wodrow Society Publications, 24 vols.,
11. 4s. In the general portion are Baxter Colour-
prints of ' The Ninth Hour,' after Dtirer, 1Z. 5s.,
and ' Copper, your Honour,' 16s. Qd. Under
Phiz is an original chalk drawing of ' Little Em'ly,'
8J in. by 6£ in., in frame, 11. Is.
The first portion of Mr. Robert McCaskie's
Catalogue 34 consists of books in general lite-
rature. Under Portugal is Vertot's ' History of
the Revolutions of Portugal.' Among Trials is
that of Lord Cardigan for the duel on Wimbledon
Common with Capt. Tuckett, 16 February, 1841.
The second portion contains autographs, old
deeds, and MSS. Among the autographs are
those of Perry of The Morning Chronicle, Tadema,
Lytton, Frith, the Young Pretender, Queen
Adelaide, Henry Fawcett, and Allan Cunning-
ham. Among documents are the regulations
of the Common Council, 1801, for the " Nightly
Watch and Beadles within the City of London."
There is a broadside of the Whig Club, declaring
the right of the English people to free public
meeting, 1796. Under Old Engraved Portraits are
157 items. There are also a number of mis-
cellaneous engravings.
Mr. W. M. Murphy's Liverpool Catalogue 161
contains a complete set, 1842-1904, of the Pro-
ceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers,
167 vols., 221. 10s. ; and ' Harleian Miscellany,'
12 vols., red morocco, 1808-11, 81. 10s. Under
Architecture is Fergusson's ' Handbook,' 3 vols.,
11. 6s. Of railway interest is Bradshatc's Paihcay
Companion, 32mo, original cloth, 3rd mo. 2nd,
1840, 11. 10s. Under Caricatures is Heath's
« Sketches,' early impressions, oblong folio, 21. 5s.;
under Edward FitzGerald, the first edition of
* Polonius,' Pickering, 1852, 31. 5s. ; under Illu-
minations, Westwood's illustrations of the ancient
versions of the Bible, 4to, half-morocco, 1863-5,
7Z. 10s. ; under Morland, Williamson's ' Life,'
illustrations on Japanese paper, 1904, 21. 5s. ;
under Scotland, Billings's ' Antiquities,' 4 vols.,
1845-52, 31. 10s. ; under Addington Symonds,
* Wine, Woman, and Song,' first edition, 1884,
21. 5s. ; and under Tennyson, the first collected
edition, 2 vols in 1, Moxon, 1842, 31. Other
entries include Wheatley's ' Cries of London,'
31. 10s. ; Whittier, 7 vols., 14s. Qd. ; and ' The
Wilkie Gallery,' royal 4to, 19s. Qd. Under Cole-
ridge are first editions of ' Biographia,' 1817
11. 15s., and ' Sibylline Leaves,' 1817, 11. 10s.
both fine copies. Disney's ' Specimens of Ancient
Bronze,' royal 4to, half-morocco, 1849, is 11. 10s.
There are works under Liverpool and under
United States Geological Survey.
Mr. Charles J. Sawyer's Catalogue 24 contains
under Campanology ' Tintinnalogia,' 12mo,
crimson morocco, 1668, 31. 15s. The scarce
first edition of ' Through the Looking-Glass,'
1872, is 21. 15s. Under Coloured Plates are the
fifth edition of ' Dr. Syntax,' 1813, 4Z. 10s. ;
the first edition of ' Life in London,' blue morocco,
in the finest state, 1821, 10Z. 7s. Qd. ; ' The Tour
of Dr. Prosody,' red levant, 1821, 4Z. 10s. ; and
Pierce Egan, the original edition, red levant,
1825, 81. 10s. Under Dickens is the chair he
used at his office in Wellington Street, 10Z. 10s. ;
a snuff-box with coloured scene of Pickwick in
bed at Dingley Dell, 11. 10s. ; and a set of first
editions of the Christmas Books, 1843-8, 81. 10s.
(the ' Carol ' and ' Battle of Life ' are second
issues). Under ' Don Quixote ' is the facsimile
of the rare first edition, 1605-15 (Barcelona,
1872-4), 3 vols., 4to, vellum, 31. 15s. Under
Early Music is Neale's ' Pocket Companion,'
Vol. I., containing 152 engraved pages of music
and words of the songs, small square 8vo, 1725,
21. 2s. (according to the Museum authorities, this
is the first issue of the first edition of this rare
musical item). A brilliantly illuminated edition
of ' Imitation de Jesus Christ,' Paris, 1856, is
12Z. 12s. La Fontaine is represented by the
privately issued edition of the Society of Biblio-
philists, this being one of ten copies in which the
plates have been delicately coloured by hand,
2 vols., royal 8vo, 1906, 51. 12s. Qd. Under Lever is
the first edition of ' That Boy of Norcott's,'
1869, 51. 5s. There are also handsome sets of
Le Sage, Rousseau, Ruskin, Scott, and others.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
WILLIAM LOFTIE RUTTON. — Just as we go to
press we learn with regret of the death, at 80, of
Mr. William Loftie Rutton, a frequent and
diligent contributor to our columns. The Tenth
Series contains a number of contributions by him
to London topography.
THOMAS FORSTER. — By the death of Mr.
Thomas Forster, which took place at his residence,
68, Edinburgh Road, Walthamstow, on the 29th
ult., aged nearly 71, ' N. & Q.' loses a reader of
some 40 years, and an occasional contributor.
Mr. Forster was the eldest son of Mr. John
Forster, of Colchester, and afterwards of Islington.
His great-grandfather was John Forster of
Winteringham, a local poet of some repute, who
died in 1809, and whose poems were published
in two booklets in 1797. He also wrote a narrative
of his own life. Thomas Forster was a life member
of the Essex Archaeological Society, and more
recently a member of the North London Anti-
quarian Society. He was formerly a well-known
bookseller in Colchester, and, apart from a
brief period when he lived in Kennington, passed
the last 10 or 12 years of his life in Walthamstow.
CHAS. HALL CROUCH.
in <E0msp0tttottiB.
J. T. F. (' Villikins and his Dinah ').— See 10 Si
iv. 188, 277, 318.
H. B., W.C., and G. W. E. R.— Forwarded.
ii s. in. FEB. is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
121
LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY IS, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 60.
NOTES :— Warwick Lane and its Historical Associations,
121 — Quotations in Jeremy Taylor, 122 — Richardson's
Supposed Derbyshire Connexions, 123— Richardson and the
Methodists— Sir J. Davies and Francis Bacon, 124— 'The
Minor ' and ' The Methodist '— Penn Memorial, St. Mary
Redcliffe, Bristol— Domenico Cagnoni— Droz's Spectacle
Me"cauique, 125— Sir John Mundy— " Too many turnpikes
to pay" — "God made the country, and man made the
town "— Coutances, Winchester, and the Channel Islands
—Hair Folk-lore in Mexico -Trade-Mark granted by
Letters Patent, 126.
QUERIES :— " Phillymaclink"— Turner and Peake Families
—Richardson's Birth— Underground Soho— 'Crystals from
Sydenham '— Governors of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea,
127— Walter Haddon— W. and G. Ireland— Epigram in
Schopenhauer— " Let us go hence, my songs "—French
Quotation — Authors Wanted — " When she was good," Ac.
— "O dear, my good masters," 128—" Cruel of heart were
they" — Geneva perfuming the World — "Had I Wist,"
Bogy— Twenty-Four Acts of Chivalry— W. A. Bennett—
B. Pring— W. M. Tollner— Scarborough Spa— Murderers
reprieved for Marriage — H. Ginger — Ibbetson — J.
Janeway— " No great shakes," 129.
REPLIES :— Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke — " Tewke,"
"Tuke," 130— "Tertium Quid"— "Vail" : its Use by
Scott— Hungarian Bibliography—" Hie locus odit, amat,"
Ac.— Pyrrhus's Toe, 131— T. J. Thackeray— Thackeray
and the Stage— ' Flying Dutchman '—' Death of Capt.
Cook'— M. G. Drake -Gataker— Prickly Pear, 132- John
de Cosington — Guichard d'Angle, 133 — D'Israeli of
Dublin — " Corbie-steps ",— Sweetapple Surname — Anne
Boleyn, 134— Watson Family— Battle in Lincolnshire, 135
— " Goulands " — Authors Wanted — Lacy as Place-Name,
136— Oundle-Dryden as Place-Name, 137— " Stencil"—
Roger Gollop, M. P.— Queen's Regiment, 138.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-Verrall on Euripides-' The National
Review.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY:— W. L. Rutton.
Notices to Correspondents.
WARWICK LANE
AND ITS HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS.
I HAVE not seen the recently published book
by the late Sir Walter Besant called ' London,
the City,' but from the review published in
The Athenceum for 28 January I gather
that, with a few exceptions, it contains
little or no fresh material which might add to
our available knowledge of the history of the
City. As the reviewer says, an opportunity
has been lost, for the City of London is
«o interlinked with the history of England
that it affords the best possible groundwork
for instruction in the material facts of that
history. If the London teachers could see
their way to taking their charges on Satur-
day afternoons to those localities which are
! associated with historic events, and giving a
! short sketch of the distinguished characters
who lived in them, it would lend a reality
to their historical studies which mere book-
learning can never afford. If the children are
reading about the Wars of the Roses, for
instance, and are able to pace along the street
in which the " Kingmaker " kept open
house, it will help them to realize, if they are
in the hands of a skilful instructor, that the
Earl was no half -mythical figure, but was as
much alive in his own day as Mr. Asquith or
Mr. Balf our is in ours.
No street is more filled with instruction of
this kind than Warwick Lane. Lying under
the shadow of the great Cathedral, and,
to judge from the ancient name, the site of
the residence of the Dean of that church, it
came in the days of King Edward III.
into the possession of Thomas de Beauchamp,
Earl of Warwick, one of the greatest nobles
of his day, and an original founder of the
Order of the Garter. He died of the
pestilence in 1369, and was succeeded in
the possession of Warwick Inn by his second,
but eldest surviving, son, Thomas, who,
after a chequered career, died in 1401.
He was succeeded by his eldest son Richard,
who died in 1439. His son Henry succeeded
as a boy, but was accorded the highest
honours by King Henry VI., who not only
recognized liim as the Premier Earl of
England, with the special privilege of wearing
a gold circlet, but also created him Duke
of Warwick, and crowned him with his own
hands as King of the Isle of Wight. He
survived the grant of these honours but a
few months, and died in 1445 at the early
age of 22. His widow, the Duchess Cicille of
Stow, resided in the house till 1450, when it
came into the possession of Richard Nevill,
eldest son of Richard, Earl of Salisbury,
through his marriage with Anne Beau-
champ, the sister and eventual heiress of
Henry, Duke of Warwick. He retained it
till his death in 1471, when, with the rest of
the Nevill honours and possessions, it fell
into the hands of his son-in-law, the ill-fated
Clarence. In this house the Kingmaker,
with his 600 retainers clad in red jackets,
embroidered with the badge of Warwick
before and behind, maintained a magnificent
hospitality.
A short walk would bring the party to
Dowgate Hill, on the east side of which,
on ground now covered by Cannon Street
Station, stood a fine old house called the
Erber, or, as we should say in modern
English, the Arbour. This house, formerly
a possession of the Scropes, was afterwards
122
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. FEB. is, 1911.
granted to the Kingmaker's grandfather,
Ralph, Lord Nevill of Raby and Earl of
Westmorland, and was inherited by the
Earl of Warwick. Here his father, the
Earl of Salisbury, lodged with 500 horse-
men in 1458, when the " Congress of Barons "
assembled in London. The varying fortunes
of the Beauchamps and Nevills, two powerful
families that greatly influenced history in the
time of the later Plantagenets, could nowhere
be better illustrated than in the district
bordering the Thames between the Fleet and
the Walbrook. It affords a promising field
for an intelligent teacher with some know-
ledge of history and a gift of exposition.
Another distinguished resident of Warwick
Lane, who is not, I think, mentioned by
topographical writers, was Nicholas Wotton
(ob. 1567), Dean of Canterbury and York,
and Ambassador to Charles V. (Hist. MSS.
Comm., Rep. 9, p. 9 b). His career also
affords interesting points for treatment.
W. F. PRIDEATJX.
QUOTATIONS IN JEREMY TAYLOR.
(See 11 S. i. 466 ; ii. 65.)
A SCHOLAR of distinction who died recently,
being once asked what he thought was the
chief hindrance to the development of the
particular branch of study in which he was
engaged, named a learned, elaborate, and
generally received textbook, on the ground
that its treatment of the subject produced an
erroneous impression that, certainty having
now been attained, no field was open for
further research. In the s&me way there is
sometimes a danger that the standard
edition of an English author may be too
readily regarded by publishers and the
public as exhaustive and final, and the
student, in consequence, discouraged irom
making further investigations.
The edition of Jeremy Taylor in ten
volumes (1847-54) by the Rev. Charles
Page Eden, Fellow of Oriel College, deservedly
figures in booksellers' catalogues as the
*' best edition." In especial, very great
industry was shown by Eden in identifying
his author's numerous citations, in which
part of his task he received considerable
help from the Rev. Alex. Taylor and
the Rev. Edward Marshall, the latter a
contributor for many years to ' N. & Q.'
But it may not be generally recognized
that in many cases their attempts to trace
Taylor's sources proved unsuccessful. The
following are some of the passages in vol. iv.,
" ENIAYTO2. A Course of Sermons for all
the Sundays of the Year," where the notes of
this edition can be supplemented. I have
used the indexes of 1854, which take into
account some corrections introduced in the
latest issue of these volumes.
P. ^52. prj KaQapy yap KaQapov e<£a7TT€O-#cu
/x?7 ov QtfjLiTov y. — These words are certainly
to be found, as Eden points out, in Hierocles's
commentary on the ' Carmina Pythagorica,*
but it is a singular omission not to mention
that they occur originally in Plato, ' Phsedo,*
67 B.
P. 190. " Furorem illnm conviviorum, et
foedissimum patrimoniorum exitium culi-
nam." — See Seneca, ' De Beneficiis,' lib. i.
10, 2 : " nunc conviviorum vigebit furor
et foedissimum patrimoniorum exitium,
culina."
P. 195. " They are like the tigers of Brazil,
which when they are empty are bold and
swift and full of sagacity ; but being full,
sneak away from the barking of a village
dog." — See ' Purchas his Pilgrimage,' Part I.
(1617), p. 1026, in the account of " Brasil" :
" the Tygre, which being hungry, is verie
hurtfull ; being full, T\ill flee from a Dogge."
P. 200. "Neither will.... the Cisalpine
suckets [" tucets " in 1st ed., according to
Eden's marginal note] or gobbets of condited
bull's-flesh, • minister such delicate spirits
to the thinking man." — It is surprising that
the reading of the first edition should have
failed to put Eden on the track of this. The
" tucets " are obviously the " tuceta crassa "
of Persius, Sat. ii. 42, included in the extract
from Persius on p. 189 of this volume. The
problem is thus a simple one, and it is easy
to unearth Taylor's source in the Scholiast
on that passage : " Tuceta apud Galloa
Cisalpinos bubula dicitur, condimentis qni-
busdam crassis oblita, ac macerata " (I
quote from Casaubon's ed. of Persius, 1605,
where " tucceta " is spelt with one c).
P. 222. " Marcus Aurelius said, that ' a
wise man ought often to admonish his wife,
to reprove her seldom, but never to lay his
hands upon her.' " — See Antonio Guevara's
' Marco Aurelio con el Relox de Principes,'
Book II. chapter 21. "The sixteenth
century knew no more popular book, no
more potent influence, than ' The Diall of
Princes,' translated from Guevara by Thomas
North (1557)." C. Whibley in" ' Camb.
Hist, of Eng. Lit.,' vol. iv. p. 9.
P. 258. " I remember that in the apologues
of Phaedrus it is told concerning an ill-
natured fellow. . . ." — For this curious story
see ' Gesta Romanorum,' No. 157 ; and
Oester ley's edition for a long list of places
where it occurs in one shape or another.
ii s. in. FEB. 18, mi.]! NOTES AND QUERIES.
123
P. 259. " Qua3 fuerat fabula poena fuit." —
Martial, ' Lib. Spectae./ vii. 12.
P. 263. " When the Boeotians asked the
oracle by what they should become happy,
the answer was made, 'Ao^/S^o-arras ev
Trpaf av, ' wicked and irreligious persons are
prosperous ' : and they taking the devil at
his word, threw the inspired Pythian, the
ministering witch, into the sea," &c. — See
Zenobius, cent. ii. 84 ; Leutsch and Schnei-
dewin, * Paroemiographi Grseci,' torn. i. p. 53.
Taylor may have read it in Schott's
* Adagia sive Proverbia Graecorum ex
Zenobio seu Zenodoto,' &c. (Antwerp, 1612).
P. 349. " Quisquis magna dedit, voluit
sibi magna rependi." — See Martial, v. 59, 3.
" Rependi " should be " remitti."
EDWABD BENSLY.
SAMUEL RICHARDSON'S SUPPOSED
DERBYSHIRE CONNEXIONS.
(See 10 S. ix. 261.)
NEARLY three years ago I considered it
necessary, for the sake of historical truth,
to traverse in the pages of * N. & Q.' a claim
advanced by Dr. Cox to kinship with the
author of 'Clarissa.' After showing the
impossibility of the Richardsons of Derby,
from whom Dr. Cox is descended, having
been related to the novelist in the way he
claimed, and the lack of evidence in favour
even of remote relationship between the two
Richardson families, I proceeded to discuss
Dr. Cox's attempt to fix Smalley as the
probable place of the novelist's birth, and of
his education at the " private grammar
school in Derbyshire " where he acquired
" only common school learning." I re-
marked that " Richardson may have been
born at or near Smalley — he may have been
educated at Smalley — but there is not the
slightest evidence of it."
I must blame myself for having overlooked
a reference which would, I think, have
enabled me more positively to rebut the
second part of Dr. Cox's conjecture. To the
* Victoria County History of Derbyshire '
(vol. ii., 1907), a work which owes much to
Dr. Cox's unique knowledge of the county
records, Mr. A. F. Leach contributes an
account of the elementary schools founded
before 1800. From this it appears (p. 276)
that, by deed dated 19 March, 1712, John and
Samuel Richardson settled lands on trust
that, after the death of the survivor of
them, the trustees should build a school-
house at Smalley and pay 10Z. yearly to a
schoolmaster for teaching twelve poor boyfi
to read, write, cast accounts, or the rules-
of grammar, or other school learning. The
school, Mr. Leach says, was built in 1721.
If this was the school which Dr. Cox had in
his mind, we must dismiss the possibility of
his suggestion being correct, for it is clear
that the novelist, born about 1689, could
not have been ducated there. The will of
Samuel Richardson of Smalley, abstracted
in a, foot-note to my article (10 S. ix. 262),
was not proved until 7 April, 1719, when his
brother John was still alive.
The following marriages, culled from
Phillimore's ' Derbyshire Parish Registers,'
probably relate to families mentioned in my
article : —
Vol. IV. St. Alkmund's, Derby.
Mr. John Cantrell, of this p., and Mrs. Mary
Richardson, of Foremark Park, at Twyford
Church, by his brother, Mr. Cantrell, lie. 15 Mar.,.
1715/16. — P. 18.
Joseph Rushby, of St. Peter's, and Anne
Richardson, of Foremark. 22 Feb., 1722/3. —
P. 22.
Vol. V. St. Michael's, Derby.
Raph Richardson and Sara Lancaster. 14 Jan..
1644/5.— P. 62.
George Richardson, p. All Saints', merchant,
and Emma Griffith. 29 Dec., 1812.— P. 110.
Vol. V. West Hallam.
Mr. John Hieron, of Little Eaton, and Mrs.
Martha Richardson. 27 Mar., 1711.— P. 125.
Vol. VI. St. Peter's, Derby.
William Richardson, p. All Saints', and Hannah^
Hunt, lie. 25 Apl., 1769.— P. 63.
The following further marriages, from the
same source, may also be placed among
these notes, for the convenience of future
inquirers into the pedigrees of Derby
Richardsons : —
Vol. II. Brailsford.
Joseph Ault, of this par., and Jane Richardson,
p. of St. Werburgh's. Derby, lie. 21 April, 1758..
—P. 12.
Thomas Richardson, p. of St. Alkmund's,
Derby, and Mary Ault, lie. 8 Sept., 1760.— P. 12.
Vol. IV. St. Alkmund's, Derby.
Mr. William Yates, p. of St. Werburgh's, and
Mary Richardson, of Willington, lie. 19 Feb.,
1716/17.— P. 18.
Vol. VI. St. Peter's, Derby.
John Taylour and Margaret Richardson. 16
July, 1723.— P. 45.
Christopher Richardson and Hannah Warren.
6 Nov., 1764.— P. 60.
From The Reliquary, vol. xi. p. 140, I
learn that " Mary, wife of Mr. Richardson of
Smalley," was buried at St. Alkmund's,
Derby, on 18 September, 1669. This is the
only bit of evidence known to me which
gives any support to Dr. Cox's idea that his
ancestors belonged to the Smalley family.
124
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. HI. FEB. is, 1911.
In The European Magazine for August
1789 (partii. p. 149), is recorded the marriage
of "Mr. Henry Richardson, jun., of Derby
to Miss Gould, daughter of the late Johr
•Gould, Esq., of Macclesfield." No date is
given.
The Rev. Ralph Price (1715-79) married
Sarah, dau. and coheir of Richard Richard
«on of Smalley, on 18 Feb., 1739, and was
father of Sir Charles Price, 1st Bt. -See
Burke's * Peerage ' under ' Rugge-Price.'
ALEYN LYELL, READE.
Park Corner, Blundellsands, near Liverpool.
SAMUEL RICHARDSON AND THE METHOD-
ISTS. — In the ' History of Sir Charles
•Grandison ' — Richardson avoided calling his
^works novels — there are several interesting
references to the rising sect of the Method-
ists, who are, however, not mentioned at
all in either ' Pamela ' or ' Clarissa Har-
lowe.' During the fourteen years between
the publication of Richardson's first and
last novel (1740-54) the Methodists had
greatly increased in importance, a fact
-which explains their frequent mention in
' Sir Charles Grandison.'
In the letters of Lady Mary Wortley
Montagu a similar change of attitude may
be noted. On 15 February, 1741, she writes :
" The news I have heard from London is,
Lady Mary Hastings having disposed of herself
to a poor wandering Methodist." — ' Letters,'
vol. ii. p. 88, ed. 1893.
Eighteen years later (19 July, 1759)
Lady Mary refers to the Methodists in a
more friendly and sympathetic way : —
" No mountain girl ever trembled more at one
of Whitfield's pathetic lectures than I do at the
word ' blindness.' " — /&., ii, p. 362.
The references in 'Sir Charles Grandison '
to the Methodists are always in accordance
with the characters of the persons in the
novel. Lady G — (Charlotte Grandison) is
well disposed towards them, as may be seen
in the way she writes about the newly
converted Mrs. O'Hara, the mother of
Emily Jervois : —
" By the way, do you know that Mrs. O'Hara
is turned Methodist ? True as you are alive.
And she labours hard to convert her husband
(Major O'Hara). Thank God she is anything that
is serious ! These people have really great merit
with me, in her conversion. I am sorry that our
own clergy are not so zealously in earnest as they.
They have, really, my dear, if we may believe
aunt Eleanor, given a face of religion to subter-
ranean colliers, tinners, and the most profligate of
men, who hardly ever before heard of the word,
or thing. But I am not turning Methodist,
Harriet. No, you will not suspect me." — ' Sir
•Charles Grandison,' vol. vi. p. 3, ed. 1902.
Lady G — refers again to Mrs. O'Hara' s
conversion by the Methodists (ib,, vi. 150).
She also mentions in a letter that her maiden
aunt Eleanor has become a Methodist : —
"Do you know that the good creature was a
Methodist in Yorkshire ? "—Ib., v., 59.
Mr. Selby is prejudiced against the
Methodists : —
" The Methodists, Sir Charles, what think you
of Methodists ? Say you love them ; and, and,
and, adds-dines, you shall not be my nephew." —
Ib., vi. 190.
' Sir Charles Grandison * contains much
about the trading classes of London, and
is not so restricted to country life and
English country people as ' Pamela,' ard
to a lesser extent ' Clarissa Harlowe.'
Much that is interesting about ' Sir Charles
Grandison ' may be found in an excellent
work by a Dutch scholar, Jan ten Brink,
' De Roman in Brieven, 1740-1840.'
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
SIR JOHN DAVIES AND FRANCIS BACON. —
Sir John Davies in his 'Nosce Teipsum'
(1599) writes:—
Although they say, " Come let us eat and drinke";
Our life is but a sparke, which quickly dies ;
Though thus they say, they know not what tc
think,
But in their minds ten thousand doubts arise.
Therefore no heretikes desire to spread
Their light opinions, like these Epicures ;
For so the staggering thoughts are comforted,
And other men's assent their doubt assures.
Yet though these men against their conscience
strive,
There are some sparkles in their flintie breasts
Which cannot be extinct, but still revive ;
That though they would, they cannot quite be
beasts.
These verses of an Irish Attorney-General
are neatly paraphrased by the English
Solicitor-General, who published in 1612 an
essay containing the following words : —
" It appeareth in nothing more, that atheisme
s rather in the lip, then in the heart of man,
hen by this ; that atheists will ever be talking
if that their opinion, as if they fainted in it,
vithin themselves, and would be glad to be
trengthned, by the consent of others : Nay
more, you shall have atheists strive to get dis-
iples as it fareth with other sects .... Epicurus is
harged. . . .They that deny a God, destroy man's
nobility : For certainly, man is of kinne to the
Beasts, by his body ; and if he be not of kinne to
God, by his spirit, ho is a base and ignoble creature."
— Bacon, Essay XVI.
have both Davies and Bacon drawn their
nspiration from a common fount ?
P. A. McELWAINE.
Dublin.
11 S. III. FEB. 18, 1911.;
NOTES AND QUERIES.
125
' THE MINOR ' AND ' THE METHODIST.'—
Mr. Percy Fitzgerald, in his recent biography
of Samuel Foote (pp. 187-8), in discussing
' The Minor,' repeats the oft-repeated story
of the Archbishop of Canterbury and his
connexion with that farce, as follows : —
" Not unnaturally, it went round that he
[Foote] had offered to submit the piece to the
Archbishop of Canterbury's perusal. On. the
instant it was humorously forecasted that Foote
would gravely issue an announcement that it had
been revised *by his Grace the Archbishop, who
would thus be accountable for Mother Cole and
other enormities. His Grace was shrewd enough
not to fall into the trap, as it was considered to be.
Foote's jest on the Archbishop of Canterbury
was well founded, for he strove hard to prevent
the piece," &c.
To this perfectly clear recital of well-
known facts the biographer appends the
following mystifying foot-note : —
" I confess that I cannot see the point of Foote's
jest of opposing ' Tom Cant.' by ' Tarn Cant.'
What was ' Tarn Cant ' ? "
Yet it will be seen that " Foote's jest on
the Archbishop of Canterbury was well
founded."
If Mr. Fitzgerald had made a careful
examination of his own reference, he would
have been " shrewd enough not to fall into
the trap." In a letter dated 24 November,
1760, to George Montagu, Horace Walpole
refers to the attempt by the Archbishop
of Canterbury to prevent the licensing of
' The Minor.' The letter closes with,
" Foote says he will take out a licence to
preach, Sam. Cant against Tom Cant." It
would seem hardly necessary to point out
that, at that time, Thomas Seeker was Arch-
bishop of Canterbury and that the pun
is on the abbreviation " Cant."
Oddly enough, John Former (' Historical
and Biographical Essays,' p. 373) makes
exactly the same mistake as Mr. Fitzgerald ;
but, in his case, it would seem that it was a
typographical error.
By a curious slip on my part, the whole
point of my note respecting the authorship
of 'The Methodist' (see US. ii. 526) has
been lost. In the last line for ' The Method-
ist ' read ' The Minor.'
WATSON NICHOLSON.
Authors' Club, S.W.
PENN MEMORIAL, ST. MARY REDCUFFE,
BRISTOL. — L. M. R. is wrong in assuming
(ante, p. 58) that this inscription has not
appeared in any printed book. So early
as 1861 it was printed in George Pryee's
' Popular History of Bristol,' and I dare say
it is in other local books, for naturally a
great deal of matter has been printed about
Admiral Penn and the famous church.
Mr. Pryce's work is distinguished by the
number of copies of memorial inscriptions
and epitaphs it contains. I do not think
Canon Maud, the present Vicar of St. Mary
Redcliffe, would object to the churchyard
inscriptions being copied by any respon-
sible person for the excellent purpose indi-
cated by L. M. R. St. Mary's is such an
important church in all respects that several
monographs have been written upon it by
local historians, but it has not yet been
included in Bell's admirable series o£
cathedrals, abbeys, &c., I believe.
CHARLES WELLS.
134, Cromwell Road, Bristol.
DOMENICO CAGNONI. — This prolific en-
graver, dismissed in the new edition of
Bryan's ' Dictionary ' with four lines as an
engraver of " little celebrity," is the subject
of an exhaustive article, with many illustra-
tions, in II Libro e la Stampa, July-December,
1909, pp. 107-24. In the course of the
article it is stated : —
" Quest' artista veramente geniale, la cui vita,
ci e nota soltanto in poca parte, e del quale ignori-
amo cosl la data di nascita come quella di morte,.
aveva senza fallo derivata dalla scuola veneziana,.
onde proviene, quella delicatezza di disegno,.
quella precisione di tratti, quella blanda venusta di
forma, delle quali ha dato cospicui saggi nella
sua ricca e svariatissima produzione, che dal
1754 giunge, non mai interrotta, sino al 1796."
According to a foot-note, there is no doubt
that Cagnoni died at Milan in 1796, " ma la
data esatta manca." His elder son Gaspare
finished the work begun by his father. The
titles of 75 books illustrated by Cagnoni are
given in the bibliography. W. ROBERTS.
JAQTJET DROZ'S SPECTACLE MECANIQUE.
(See 10 S. vi. 388, 495.)— The following
advertisements appeared in The Public
Advertiser during 1776 : —
Wednesday, 21 February : —
At the Great Room, No. 6, King Street,
Co vent Garden, to be seen this day,
Spectacle Mecanique
Or, Mechanical Exhibition, From Switzerland.
Nature in this exhibition is rivalled by Art; one
figure writes whatever is dictated to it, another
draws and finishes in a masterly Manner several
curious designs ; another plays divers Airs on the
Harpsichorde. There is also a Pastoral Scene, in
which is introduced a great Number of Figures : the
Trees blossom and bear fruit, the Sheep bleat, the
Dog barks, and the Birds sing ; each so distinctly
imitating Nature that they exceed every account
that can be given of them, not only for the Variety
but for the Exactness ot their different Operations.
126
NOTES AND QUERIES. [u s. in. FEB. is, 1911.
Their Mechanism surpasses everything that has
•ever appeared, insomuch that it may be strictly said
that they will speak for themselves
2. Friday, 12 April :—
Mr. Jaquet Droz's Mechanical Exhibition is to be
seen daily, Saturdays and Sundays excepted,
between the hours of Twelve and Three in the Day,
and between Seven and Ten in the Evening, at his
Room, No. 6, in King Street, Co vent Garden. It con-
sists of a Variety of Automatons, particularly one
Figure that Draws with Accuracy and Correctness
•clivers Subjects, particularly the Portrait of the
King and Queen, esteemed a very strong Likeness ;
another writes any words dictated by the Company.
There is also a Pastoral piece, consisting of a great
Variety of Figures
Admittance Five Shillings.
3. Monday, 25 November : —
Mr. Jaconet Droz's Mechanical Exhibition is now
opened at No. 6, in King Street, Covent Garden
It consists of various Automatic Figures, resembling
Nature in all their Attitudes, Motions, and Opera-
tions in a surprising Manner. Many pieces are
added this Season which were never exhibited
before
If one or two persons should chuse an Exhibition
for themselves, they may have it for a Guinea.
N.B. Mr. Jaquet Droz has constructed Hands for
a Person born with Stumps only. They are con-
trived in such a Manner, that, from the Strength
as well as the Flexibility of the various joints, he
can use the Knife or Fork or manage the Reins in
riding or driving, and even write with great Free-
dom.—Mr. Jaquet Droz natters himself that he can
very materially assist many Persons who have lost
any of their Limbs or are lame from Weakness in
their Joints.
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
SIR JOHN MUNDY. — MB. P. D. MUNDY
states at 11 S. i. 403 that Sir John Mundy,
Mayor of London, was knighted in 1529.
The true date is 1523, as given in my ' Alder-
men of London,' p. 47. He is described as
"Miles" in the lists of Aldermen present
21 Sept., 1523, 21 Sept., 1524, and 5 Oct., 1526.
Like other Mayors of that period, he was
knighted during his year of office. There is
an earlier date than any of the above in
which he appears as a knight in the City
records, viz., 12 March, 1522/3 (Letter-Book
1ST, fo. 225). ALFRED B.'BEAVEN.
Leamington.
" TOO MANY TURNPIKES TO PAY.?' This
phrase, meaning too many bribes to pay,
too many "guinea-pigs" to pay, or ex-
actions in the way of fees, occurs — and
perhaps it is a noteworthy early instance —
in The WhiteTiall Evening Post, 7 October,
1756 : —
" Our Enemies have hitherto got the Start of us
notwithstanding the large Sums that have been
chearfully given for our Defence. A serious Quaker
has said with a Sneer, that a round Sum was voted
last Year for the publick Good ; but that the Cash
being handed from Timothy to Titus, and there
being many Turnpikes to pay, he despairs to see a
fair mercantile account how, when, and where the
Money was issued, and a just Balance settled. The
Audience were all struck dumb, except a noted
Stockjobber, who immediately ask'd, When shall
we have another Lottery ? "
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
" GOD MADE THE COUNTRY, AND MAN MADE
THE TOWN." — An exact equivalent of this
line of Cowper's (' Task,' i. 749) occurs in
Varro (' R. R.,' iii. 1, 3). from whom Cowper
may have derived the thought : " Divina
natura dedit agros, ars humana, aedificavit
urbes." ALEX. LEEPER.
Trinity College, University of Melbourne.
COUTANCES, WINCHESTER, AND THE CHAN-
NEL ISLANDS. — It may perhaps be permissible
to add to the facts collected at 10 S. ii. 68,
154, 231 ; iii. 154, that Dr. Gairdner on
p. 306 of vol. i. of his ' Lollardy and the Re-
formation in England ' has shown that in
1542 the Bishop of Coutances was attempting
to exercise spiritual jurisdiction in the
Channel Islands in the name of the " Bishop
of Rome," and that Henry VIII. acknow-
ledged his jurisdiction, though not that of the
" Bishop of Rome."
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
HAIR FOLK-LORE IN MEXICO. — The Tara-
humare folk have many superstitions. One
of them is illustrated by Carl Lumholtz in
his ' Unknown Mexico ' (vol. i. p. 235). He
relates that
" A shaman once cut his hair short to get new
thoughts with the new hair, and while it was
growing he kept his head tied up in a piece of
cotton cloth to keep his thoughts from escaping."
L. S. M.
TRADE - MARK GRANTED BY LETTERS
PATENT. — Those of your readers who take an
interest in the history of trade and manu-
factures will perhaps be glad to have their
attention directed to a case where a patent
for an invention contained in addition the
grant of a trade-mark to protect the goods
made under the patent.
On 17 December, 1631, a patent was
granted to Sir William Russell, Sir Basil
Brooke, Sir Richard Weston, and many
others for making soap, and the patentees
were allowed the exclusive use of a device
consisting of a rose and crown, which wras to
be stamped on the hard soap made by them,
and used for marking the receptacles in
which soft soap was packed. This is the
ii s. in. FEB. is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
127
only instance that I have met with of the
grant of a trade -mark by letters patent
under the Great Seal. This patent is not
included in the Commissioners of Patents
printed series. The official reference to the
enrolment is Patent Roll (Chancery),
7 Charles I. Part 10, No. 2. R. B. P.
WE must request corresp9iidents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" PHILLYMACLINK," — The sobriquet
*' Phillymaclink," given by New Yorkers
to the city of Philadelphia, is vouched for as
far back as 1852 by the Librarian of the
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, who
went to Nazareth Hall School that year.
At the school the New York boys called the
Philadelphians " Phillymaclinkers." Can
any one antedate this ?
ALBERT J. EDMUNDS.
Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
TURNER AND PEAKE FAMILIES. The
register of St. Benet, Paul's Wharf, London,
vol. ii., Marriages (Harl. Soc., 1910), con-
tains on p. 327 this item : " 1727, April 2.
William Turner, of St. Saviour, Southwark,
Surrey, and Sibylla Peake, of the same."
The registers of St. Saviour or of St. Olave,
Southwark, if printed, are not in the Chicago
libraries. I am interested in learning
whether this William Turner died before
1740, whether he and his wife Sibylla had
any daughters, and whether the wife Sibylla
remarried before 1740.
EUGENE F. McPiKE.
1, Park Row, Chicago.
SAMUEL RICHARDSON'S BIRTH. — Mr. Aus-
tin Dobson in his ' Life of Richardson '
published in 1902 says that the place in
Derbyshire where Richardson was born is not
known. The month and day of Richard-
son's birth also do not seem to be known.
It would be interesting to hear whether
anything has been found out on these points
since 1902. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
[See ante, p. 123.]
UNDERGROUND SOHO. — Can any of your
readers tell me the history of the old
underground passage which runs from the
house occupied by Mr. Thornton Smith,
furniture dealer, 11, Soho Square, the whole
length of the Square, and out into the yard of
Crosse & Blackwell in Falconberg Mews ?
There was a year ago an old iron door, if I
remember aright, at the exit in Falconberg
Mews ; but this seems recently to have been
j removed. At the other end, in Mr. Thornton
' Smith's house in Soho Square, there is a
I doorway, and from some of the windows of
the house you can trace the line of the
passage in parts. Has this passage any
history ? There is a tradition that Lord
Lovat, who was executed after the Rebellion
of 1745, hid in this passage ; but Lord
| Lovat was not captured in London at all.
There is another spot in Soho with a
mystery which I should like to fathom. This
is the William and Mary Passage off Wardour
Street. Here you have endless under-
ground cellars of a great wine merchant,
but it is said that down this passage and in a
portion of these cellars William III. had his
stables. CLEMENT K. SHORTER.
1 CRYSTALS FROM SYDENHAM.' — Who was
the author of ' Crystals from Sydenham,'
published in 1855 to commemorate the open-
ing of the Crystal Palace ? It is a very clever
little book, with imitations — not parodies —
of the leading writers of the time : Tenny-
son, Macaulay, Tupper, Kingsley, &c. It
is now very scarce. H. N. ELLACOMBE.
Bitton Vicarage, Bristol.
GOVERNORS OF THE ROYAL HOSPITAL,
CHELSEA. — I should be glad if any of your
readers could kindly inform me whether
there are in existence portraits of the under-
mentioned officers who held the post of
Governor of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea ;
if so, where the portraits are preserved,
and whether they are paintings, engravings,
miniatures, or book-plates.
1. Col. Sir Thomas Ogle, Kt.— Served in
H.M. Holland Regiment of Foot. Governor
of Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 1 November,
1686, till his death in November, 1702.
His son Thomas Ogle married Lady Henrietta
Bruce, daughter of Robert, 2nd Earl of
Elgin and 1st Earl of Ailesbury.
2. Col. John Hales. — Served in Holland,
and wounded at battle of St. Denis, 14
August, 1678, when Major in what is now
the Northumberland Fusiliers (5th Foot).
Governor of Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 17
November, 1702, to 1714.
3. Brigadier Thomas Stanwix, M.P. for
Carlisle, Newport and Yarmouth, I.W. —
Colonel of the 30th Foot and 12th Foot.
Governor (or Commandant) of Gibraltar,
1711-13. Governor of Royal Hospital,
128
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. is, 1911.
Chelsea, January, 1714/15, to 1720.
Governor of Kingston-on-Hull, 1722. Died
14 March, 1725.
4. General William Evans. — Served in
1st Foot Guards : twice wounded at siege of
Namur. Colonel afterwards of Regiment of
Dragoons (now 4th Hussars). Wounded at
Dunblane in Rebellion of 1715—16. Governor
of Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 1722 to 1740.
Also at one time held the appointments of
Surveyor of the Meltings and Clerk of the
Irons in the Mint. Died 29 January, 1740.
By will left pictures to the Earl of Grantham.
There are no pictures of the above-
mentioned officers at the Royal Hospital,
Chelsea. W. H. W.
WALTER HADDON. — In Munday's edition
of Stow's ' Survey ' is printed a ten-line
Latin verse setting forth the six considera-
tions to be borne in mind by those desirous
of leading an exemplary career. The verse
in question is stated to have formed one of
the inscriptions in the old church of SS. Anne
and Agnes, but does not occur in conjunction
with any recorded interment, and no date is
specified. The name of the author is given
as "Gualterus Haddonus," however. Who
was he ? WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
W. AND G. IRELAND. — Can any reader
inform me if W. Ireland of Sebbon's Build-
ings, Islington, and G. Ireland of Barnsbury
Place, Islington, were related to the notorious
W. H. Ireland ? Their date is circa 1827.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
EPIGRAM IN SCHOPENHAUER.— I shall be
glad if anyone will favour me with an
English rendering of the following epigram,
which is quoted in Schopenhauer's essay
' On Reading and Books ' :—
Leset fleizig die Alten, die wahren eigentlich Alten
Was die Neuen da von sagen bedeutet nicht viel.
W. H. C.
. " LET us GO HENCE, MY SONG'S." — I shall
be glad to know where I can renew my
acquaintance with a poem commencing
Let us go hence, my songs, let us go hence.
Mr Owen Seaman used the form of the lyric
as a base for a poem in Punch of 3 August
last, but I have failed to find a reference
in numerous Dictionaries of Quotations I
have consulted. A small fragment still
clings to my memory : —
Yea, though we sang like angels in her ear
bhe will not hear.
J. H. K.
FRENCH QUOTATION. — The maxim, " On
cause mieux quand on ne dit pas, causons,"
occurs in Keats's ' Letters,' vol. i. p. 68
(Buxton Forman's cheap edition, 1901).
Whence comes it ? I do not find it in
the ' Dictionary of Quotations (French) ' by
T. B. Harbottle and P. H. Dalbiac (Sonnen-
schein, 1908). NEL MEZZO.
AUTHORS or QUOTATIONS WANTED. — The
following lines are quoted in Miss Gordon
Cumming's * Two Years in Ceylon,' vol. ii.
p. 146. I should be glad to know the
author, and the poem from which they are
extracted : —
Not 'neath the domes where crumbling arch and
column
Attest the feebleness of mortal hand,
But in that fane most catholic and solemn
Which God hath planned—
In that cathedral, boundless as our wonder,
Whose quenchless lamps the sun and moon supply.
Its choirs the winds and waves, its organ thunder,
Its dome the sky.
I quote from memory, perhaps not quite
correctly. CHAS. LAISHLEY.
Wellington, N.Z.
Close following Love into my house
Crept Pain and pale-faced Fear ;
Now are they welcome grown, and dear,
For, at their passing, Love herself had flown.
W. V. COLE.
On a Liskeard borough loving-cup of
1681 is
Qui fallit in poculis fallit in omnibus.
Whence comes it ? YGREC.
" WHEN SHE WAS GOOD," &c. — Is the
author known of the lines,
There was a little girl,
And she had a little curl,
Bight in the middle of her forehead.
When she was good
She was very, very good,
But when she was bad, she was horrid !
They have been attributed to Longfellow.
J. T. F.
Durham.
[At 10 S. ii. 528 it was suggested that Thomas
Bailey Aid rich was the author.]
" O DEAR, MY GOOD MASTERS." — Can any
one communicate to me a ballad of which
the following are the first four lines ? They
were told me by an old man who has been
Long dead : —
0 dear, my good masters, pray what shall we do,
In this year sixteen hundred and seventy-two ?
For since Queen Elizabeth mounted the throne,
Sure, times like the present scarce ever were known.
ii s. m. FEB. is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
129
He said they were all he knew, but the persor
who repeated them to him had told him tha
they related to an abnormally severe winte
of the date given.
These lines seem to have been compose<
by some one who knew nothing of the grea
snow of 1614, recently mentioned in these
pages. ASTARTE.
" CRUEL OF HEART WERE THEY, BLOODY
OF HAND." — Amongst the still untracec
quotations in Wordsworth's text is the line
given above, which occurs in the ' Stanzas —
St. Bees,' No. XI. of the ' Itinerary Poems of
1833,' 1. 37. Can this be an adaptation of
or dimly remembered quotation from
Scott's * Talisman,' chap, xviii., where the
Hermit of Engaddi says to Coeur de Lion
" Thou art proud of heart, loose of life,
bloody of hand" ? R. A. POTTS.
GENEVA PERFUMING THE WORLD. — Who
wrote that the city of Geneva was " Le grain
de muse qui parfume le monde " ?
DAVID HUTCHESON.
Washington, B.C.
" HAD I WIST," ANGLO-SAXON BOGY. —
Can any of your readers inform me of the
name of an Anglo-Saxon fairy-tale in which
the name of the bogy is " Had I wist " ?
C. R. C. HOLT.
Oxford.
THE TWENTY-FOUR ACTS OF CHIVALRY. —
In that interesting publication of 1910 on
genealogical subjects, the ' Llyfer Baglan '
(1600-1607), transcribed by Bradney, there
is on p. 57 the following quaint reference : —
" John Pye of the Mynde [Much Dewchurch, Here-
fordshire], son of Jon pye, seconde sone of Jon pye
of Sadlebowe, Esq. married 3. wiefes ; his first wief
was Anne, da. to Sr Richard Delabyre, Knight ; his
seconde wief was Anne Brigees ; and his third wief
was alrothes, da. to Sir Robert Whitney, Lord of
Whitney. Hee had bye theme 42. childrene, and
hee had bye Concupines 22 childrene ; Soe that in
all hee had 64 childrene, as hitt appeareth upon his
towmbe in the Churche of muchdewechurche. The
said John Pye was ate Rome, ate Jerusalem, and
ate the sepulcher of Christ. Hee did the 24 actes
of Chilvalrye, w'ch fewe men could do theme all."
Can any reader of * N. & Q.' enumerate and
describe the " 24 actes of Chilvalrye " here
referred to ? Kindly state authorities.
ALAN STEPNEY-GULSTON.
Derwydd, Llandebie.
W. A. BENNETT, ESQ., was a member of
the M.C.C. about 1850, and afterwards lived
at Cheltenham. Wanted his full name,
residence, and dates of birth and death.
P. L.
B. PRING of Bristol, merchant, living 1840-
1850, was a well-known patron of cricket.
Wanted his full name, residence, and dates
of birth and death. P. L.
W. M. TOLLNER of Cheam, Esq., living
1840-50, was another well-known patron of
cricket. Wanted hie full name, residence,
and dates of birth and death. P. L.
SCARBOROUGH SPA. — When was the term
" Spa " earliest associated with Scarborough?
I find it in a letter of Col. Fairfax to General
Monk, dated from Kingston-upon-Hull,
II May, 1660, and therefore only a few days
before the Restoration. Fairfax incidentally
remarks : —
" I have never been a stonecast from the works
here, not having my [? any] warrant from you,
save for a journey at the season of the year to
Scarborough Spa." — Historical MSS. Commission,
1 Report on the Manuscripts of F. W. Leyborne-
Popham,' p. 182.
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
MURDERERS REPRIEVED FOR MARRIAGE. —
Can any of your readers refer me to early
accounts of a certain town where murderers
were reprieved by custom, on an offer oi
marriage from any woman ? This is the
subject of an Elizabethan ballad at the
Society of Antiquaries. F. O. M.
HENRY GINGER was admitted to West-
minster School, 12 January, 1778. I should
glad to obtain particulars of his career and
the date of his death. In all probability he
vas a son of William Ginger, bookseller
,o Westminster School, who died 10 Febru-
iry, 1803 (see 11 S. i. 425, 491).
G. F. R. B.
IBBETSON. — Samuel Ibbetson was ad-
mitted to Westminster School in 1717,
kged 14, and Henry Ibbetson in 1732, aged
4. I should be glad to obtain any informa-
ion concerning them. G. F. R. B.
JAMES JANEWAY was admitted to West-
ninster School in October, 1722, aged 10.
should be glad of information about him.
G. F. R. B.
" No GREAT SHAKES." — When and where
lid this phrase originate, and what was its
irst application ? HORACE BLEACKLEY.
earned chat. ' The next is from Byron s letter to
lurray of 28 September, 1820: "I had my hands
VJl UH t&y \Jl A-iJ kJ^pl/^*"1 W^A 9 j.^— v • • •*«« j
ull, and my head too just then, so it can be no
130
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. FEB. is, mi.
Htpltas.
SIR CHARLES WENTWORTH DILKE.
(US. iii. 81.)
I MAY perhaps be allowed to amplify a
little the very interesting obituary notice
written by MB. JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.
He remarks that " it is curious that it should
have been thought that he [Dilke] lacked
a sense of humour." I quite agree with MB.
FBANCIS that this is a mistake. Though I
cannot claim to have been intimate with
Sir Charles, I knew him for a good many
years. One day in the smoking-room at the
House of Commons some four or five of us, he
being one, were talking about such few witty
men as there were in the House. I remember
that Dilke said : "I dare say you fellows will
be surprised when I tell you who, in my
opinion, is the wittiest man in the House —
Rasch." This was said probably about
eight years ago.
I am not sure that I quite agreed with
Dilke, but certainly Sir Carne Rasch was,
at the least, one of the wittiest. His wit
was subtle and dry, and his speeches, always
very short, were delivered without nourish
and with hardly a vestige of a smile ; but I
think that he could put as much caustic
into a few words as any man whom I ever
heard. Most certainly Dilke had a real
sense of humour in this appreciation.
Being very industrious, he was an encyclo-
paedia as to the current business of the House
of Commons. It naturally happened to me
pretty often to receive a letter from a con-
stituent inquiring about such and such a
Bill, and asking questions thereon. I regret
to say that it sometimes happened that I
had never heard, or seen, anything of the
Bill excepting possibly the title. If I was
fortunate enough to meet with Dilke, I
used to tell him of the inquiry and ask for
information. I do not think that I was ever
disappointed. He would tell me what the
Bill was about and its objects. In answer
to my question, " Well, what am I to say ? "
he would reply (I was on the other side of
the House), " From your point of view you
should say " so-and-so and so-and-so.
A good many years ago I received from a
man living at Limasol, Cyprus, who had,
or thought he had, a grievance, a terribly
long letter written in Greek. I forget whether
it was written to Dilke or to me. At all
events, there was a request, perhaps in a
covering letter written by some one in
English, that I should lay the letter before
Dilke (AtA^i;). I either did so or told him
of it. It was not the first communication
which he had had from the aggrieved man.
He said : " Write to him and tell him to
write a short letter, and to get some one to
translate it into English before he sends it."
" But," said I, " the man can't write a short
letter." Dilke replied : "Of course, I know
he can't — that's my artfulness." Surely
here was no lack of humour.
I have a memory of a dinner-party at the
Garrick Club given by our late 'editor Joseph
Knight, "bon chivaler preu et vaillant."
Dilke was there, and was one of the stars of
a delightful evening. When he chose to
dismiss business from his mind, as to which
he was very serious, he was an admirable
talker. ROBEBT PIEBPOINT.
"TEWKE," " TUKE " (11 S. iii. 87).—
I think that this word is perhaps identical
with obsolete French " teuque, tuque, awn-
ing," though I can quote no example of the
latter that is not considerably later than the
English word. Jal (' Glossaire Nautique')
gives the forms ten (1667), teugue (1687),
tugue, tuque (1671). The original meaning,
according to Jal, is " awning," but the name,
is applied later to various deck-houses.
Falconer ('Marine Dictionary,' 1771) gives
teugue and tugue, but without explanation.
Lescallier (' Vocabulaire des Termes de
Marine,' 1777) has " tugue, the poop of a
frigate, an accomodation at the stern of
French frigates on the quarter-deck, con-
taining two cabbins for the captain and the
first lieutenant," and " toile de tugue, a
canvas covering for the poop of a frigate."
Boyer (' French-Eng. Diet.,' 1702) has
" tuque, a tarpaulin, or tarpawling," which is
reproduced by Ludwig (' Eng.-French-Ger.
Diet.,' 1706). It is also in Littr6, but
merely copied from Jal.
The earliest dictionary example I have
found is in Miege (1688) :—
" Tuque, c'est ainsi qu'on appelle une espece
de faux tillac, ou de couverte, qu'on fait de
caillebotis ou de simples barreaux ; et qu'on
eleve au devant de la dunette sur quatre ou six
piliers, pour se mettre a 1'abri du soleil et de la
pluie."
This is probably copied, like the rest of
Miege, from Richelet (1680).
Furetiere (1727) gives the variant tuque
and a similar explanation ; he also notes that
" les tugues de charpente sont deffendues,
parce qu'elles rendent le vaisseau trop pesant,
au lieu de quoy on se sert de tentes," which
n s. m. FEB. is, iQii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
131
is additional evidence that the original
tuque was a simple awning, or the " canopy
of tewke " of SIB JAMES MUBBAY'S quota-
tion (1552-3). There is also an Italian
tuga, for which I have found only modern
authority (Cardinali, 1852).
There is a reasonable possibility that the
French word originally meant " sail-cloth "
or "canvas," which appears to be also the
meaning of English tewke, tuke, or that it
may have given its name to such a material.
Either process would be quite normal. If
there is anything in this guess, the original
would probably be German Tuch, though the
change of gender would be curious (influence
of toile ?). The form teu is perhaps a mis-
take, as the quotation which Jal gives for
it contains two other gross blunders.
EBNEST WEEKLEY.
' The Draper's Dictionary,' 1882, gives this
brief extract from the Lansdowne MS. Brit.
Mus. date 1592 : " Tukes, or Tuks. Being
a kind of Buckrom, poize 8 Ibs., valued
£0 8s. Od." The etymology is not mentioned.
TOM JONES.
"TEBTIUM QUID" (11 S. iii. 67).— In B.
Martin's ' New English Dictionary,' London,
1749, the term tertium quid occurs. It is
there defined, when used in chemistry, as
signifying " the result of the mixture of some
two things, which forms a body very different
from each, when considered separately." No
illustrative quotations are given in the
* Dictionary.' The use, however, of tertium
quid in 1749 is three-quarters of a century
earlier than any of SIB JAMES MUBBAY'S
citations. W. SCOTT.
[MR. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL also thanked for
reply. 1
" VAIL " : ITS USE BY SCOTT (US. iii. 86).
— In the set of the novels, now in our
possession, which contain Scott's latest
corrections in his own hand, " vail " is so
printed in ' The Talisman,' chap. xxiv. In
the song of ' The Bloody Vest,' however, it is
printed " veil," although a correction of
another word appears in the same line.
A. & C. BLACK.
Soho Square, W.
HUNGARIAN BIBLIOGBAPHY (11 S. iii. 89).
— I see MB. SHBUBSOLE is asking for "a
book on Hungarian Gipsies by Walter
Crane." I can only say that I know of no
such book. I give, however, some account
of a visit to Hungary in my book ' An Artist's
Reminiscences ' (Methuen, 1907).
WALTEB CBANE.
" Hie LOCUS ODIT, AMAT," &c. (11 S. iii.
66). — There is another version of the Spittle
inscription, which is in ' Itinerarium
Curiosum,' by William Stukeley, M.D.,
&c., 1724, p. 89 :—
Hsec domus dat, amat, punit, conservat, honorat,
Equitiam, pacera, crimina, jura, bonos. 1620.
It would appear to be improbable that this
version existed even at Spittle-in-the-
Street.
" ^Equitia " alias " Equitia " appears to
be a cross between " ^Equitas " and
" Nequitia."
The version given by Stukeley is also in
Camden's ' Britannia,' enlarged by Richard
Gough, 2nd ed., 1806, vol. ii. p. 376.
ROBEBT PlEBPOINT.
The epigram "Hie locus odit, amat,"
&c., occurs also at the Court House, Much
Wenlock, co. Salop. ALAN STEWABT.
PYBBHUS'S TOE (US. iii. 89).— The best
annotated edition of Sir Thomas Browne's
* Hydriotaphia,' that by the late Dr. Green-
hill, refers to Pliny, ' Hist. Nat.,' vii. 2
[20], where we are told that Pyrrhus cured
people suffering from disorders of the spleen
by touching them with the great toe of his
right foot, and that when his body was cre-
mated this toe remained unburnt. Plutarch
gives the same story in his life of Pyrrhus,
chap. iii.
As for books of reference, the story is
to be found, as might be expected, in the
miscellaneous compilations of Alexander ab
Alexandro (' Genialee Dies,' lib. iv. cap.
xxvi.) and Philip Camerarius (' Horse Sub-
cisivse,' Centuria III. cap. xlii.).
Greenwood quotes some lines from one of
Sir T. Browne's commonplace books, printed
by Wilkin in hised. of Browne's 'Works,' iv.
377, headed " One in the gout wishing for
King Pyrrhus's toe, which could not be burnt
at his funeral pyre," and beginning,
O for a toe, such as the funeral pyre
Could make no work on — proof 'gainst flame and
fire.
EDWABD BENSLY.
Sir Thomas North in his famous translation
of Plutarch's ' Lives ' has : —
" They say also that the great toe of his right
foot had some secret vertue in it. For when he
was dead, and that they had burnt all parts of
his body, and consumed it to ashes : his great
toe was whole, and had no hurt at all."
A. R. BAYLEY.
[The REV. W. D. MA CRAY also refers to Green-
hill's edition.]
132
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. is, 1911.
THOMAS JAMES THACKERAY (11 S. iii. 28).
— This is evidently the person referred to
in " Great Writers " (' Life of Thackeray,'
p. 202, foot-note). He is believed to have
been a member of the Thackeray family,
and possibly belonged to Yorkshire. In Alli-
bone's ' Dictionary ' T. J. Thackeray is said
to have been a captain in the Army, and to
have written 'Lectures on Rifle Firing,' 1853
(3rd ed., 1858), and ' Military, Organization
and Administration of France,' 1856.
w. s. s.
THACKERAY AND THE STAGE (US. iii. 28,
91). — The farce of ' Jeames,' about which
S. J. A. F. inquires, was produced at the
Princess's Theatre in December, 1845.
WM. DOUGLAS.
125, Helix Road, Brixton Hill, S.W.
'THE FLYING DUTCHMAN' (US. iii. 48,
95). — Doubtless the above poem was written
by Ellen Mary Clerke, sister of Agnes Mary
Clerke, the well-known writer on astronomy
who died at 68, Redcliffe Square, in January,
1907.
They were born at Skibbereen in county
Cork, and the elder sister (the poetess) died
only ten months before Agnes, as may be seen
in Lady Huggins's * Appreciation ' reviewed
in The Athenceum of 7 September, 1907.
I met the two sisters 40 years ago at Naples,
and renewed my acquaintance with the sur-
viving sister Agnes in March, 1906, only a
few months before her regretted death.
She presented me with a copy of her sister
Ellen's book on Italian folk-lore, &c., dedi-
cated to Dr. Garnett of the British Museum.
I alluded to the Clerkes in my Teply on
k Inscriptions at Naples ' printed at 10 S. ix.
17. WILLIAM MERCER.
' DEATH OF CAPT. COOK ' (11 S. iii. 87).
— Darley, a native of Birmingham, was a
bass singer of repute at Covent Garden
Theatre and Vauxhall Gardens. He was
the original Farmer Blackberry in O'Keeffe's
musical farce of ' The Farmer.' Visiting
•America about 1799, he established an inferior
kind of Vauxhall at Philadelphia, but re-
turned to this country, where he died in 1809.
Blurton, Cranfield, and Miss Francis were
performers of the humblest class.
WM. DOUGLAS.
If R. H. will send me his address, I may
be able to give him some information about
two of the members of the cast.
H. S. GUINNESS.
Stillorgan, co. Dublin.
* The Death of Capt. Cook,' performed
at Covent Garden in 1789, was produced on
the Edinburgh stage on 23 February, 1790.
By Dibdin ( ' Annals of the Edinburgh Stage ' >
it is called a "grand serious pantomime,' r
and he adds that "the scenery seems to
have been unusually good." Williamson
took the part of Capt. Cook in the Edin-
burgh cast, but the names of the other
players are not mentioned. Row TAY.
MONTAGU G. DRAKE (US. iii. 29, 72).—
Montague Garrard Drake, Esq., of Sharde-
loes, co. Buckingham, M.P. for Agmondes-
ham in 1713, 1715, and 1727, and for the
county of Buckingham in 1722, was son of
Montague Drake and Jane, dau. and heiress
of Sir John Garrard, Bt., of Lamer. He
died 1728. See Burke's * Landed Gentry/
4th ed. R. J. FYNMORE.
GATAKER (U.S. ii. 409). — No person of
this name seems to have graduated in
Dublin University at the close of the eigh-
teenth century. The name does not appear
in the catalogue of graduates of the Uni-
versity from 1591 to 1868. The nearest
approach to the name which I can find in the
catalogue is Gattager, William, B.A. Vern.
1809. P. A. MCELWAINE.
PRICKLY PEAR AND MONREALE CATHE-
DRAL (11 S. iii. 87). — MR. LANGTON will find
this question discussed in Yule-Burnell's
' Hobson-Jobson,' 2nd ed., 1903, p. 732 ; and
at 8 S. viii. 254. Another contributor
(9 S. iii. 469) quotes a statement of E. A.
Freeman, the historian, who identified the
plant in the mosaics (Dean Stephens, * Life
and Letters of Freeman,' vol. ii. p. 361).
EMERITUS.
In Prof. J. B. Bury's ' History of Greece r
(published 1902), p. 21, there is figured a
fragment of a richly decorated silver vessel
found at Mycenae. On it is the representa-
tion of a siege scene, in which the most
conspicuous vegetation is a plant bearing a
striking resemblance to the prickly pear.
It has large, and apparently fleshy, leaves
similar in shape to the prickly pear, sparsely
covered with spines. Whatever the plant
may be, it is very probably identical with
that which MR. LANGTON saw depicted in the
Biblical scenes in Monreale Cathedral. Per-
haps some botanical reader familiar with the
vegetation of lands bordering on the Mediter-
ranean can tell us what it is.
JOHN T. KEMP.
ii s. in. FEB. is, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
133
MB. LANGTON'S query may be explained
plausibly by knowledge of the fact that
what in English we call " prickly pears "
are known in Italy as " prickly figs." They
abound in the island of Capri, and often, on
the voyage of 20 miles separating Capri from
Naples, have I seen the Neapolitan sailors
steep them in buckets of sea-water, and
cautiously draw them out, to extract the
thorns with a clasp knife, when the fig is
cooling and refreshing.
WILLIAM MERCER.
JOHN DE COSINGTON (11 S. iii. 67). —
In a reply s.v. Guichard d' Angle (ante,
p. 73) I referred twice, incidentally, to
Stephen de Cosinton. His name appears
three times (possibly oftener) in the book to
which I there referred, viz., ' Le Prince Noir
Poeme du Heraut d'armes Chandos,' Lon-
don & Paris, 1883 :—
Apres furent li mareschaulx,
Qui furent prodhomme et loiaulx.
L'uns fut Stephen de Cosinton,
Qui moult estoit noble person ;
Et 1'autre le bon Guychard d'Angle.
Line 2279.
Sur la main destre fut Chaundos,
Qui celi jour acquist grant los ;
Estephenes de Cossyngtone,
Johan Devereux, noble persone ;
Et 1£ fut li bon Guychard d'Angle.
Line 3229.
Monsieur Gwichard d'Angle fut mareschal,
Et Estephen de Cosinton, qui ot coer loial.
Line 4193.
As to these three extracts see my reply,
ante, p. 73. Without correction, according
to "Errata" the last two references are
3259, 4223.
Concerning the first extract there is an
editorial note (p. 357) in the book referred
to :—
" Stephen de Cosington we find first mentioned
in the retinue of Henry, Earl of Derby, afterwards
Duke of Lancaster, in the expedition of 1345.
In 1349, he was appointed with Richard Talbot
and John de Carleton to renew the oath of fealty
in the towns of Flanders. In 1351, he was again
appointed with Sir Frank van Hale, knight of the
Garter, to treat with Louis, count of Flanders.
In 1355, letters of protection were granted him,
then in the retinue of the Prince of Wales. Letters
of safe-conduct are again addressed to him,
in paries transmarinas profecturits, dated the
16th April, 1364, and again on his going into
Gascony, the 26th of June, in the same year.
He appears to have been at Cre"cy, Poitiers and
N&jera."
I think that M. DE LATJRME is in error in
saying that the village of Cosington is in
Lincolnshire. There is, or was, no village
of that name in Lincolnshire, according to
J. Adams's ' Index Villaris,' 1680 ; Stephen
Whatley's ' England's Gazetteer,' 1751 ;
or Samuel Lewis's * Topographical Dic-
tionary of England,' 1835.
In Leicestershire there are, or were,
Cossington, 2| miles S.E. by E. from
Mountsorrel, and Coston, 7 miles N.E. by E.
from Melton Mowbray.
Also there is, or was, a Cossington or Cos-
ton in Somerset, 4J miles N.E. by E. from
Bridgwater, as well as Coston in Norfolk,
4£ miles N.W. from Wymondham ; also
Cossenton in Kent, N.W. from Maidstone ;
also Coston in Salop.
William Berry in his ' Encyclopaedia
Heraldica ' (no date, circa 1830), vol. ii., con-
cerning armorial bearings of families, gives
Cossington, Az., a rose or ; Cosington
(Hampshire), Az., three roses or.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
Cossington is a local name both in Leices-
tershire and Somerset, but I do not remember
hearing of it in Lincolnshire.
ST. SWITHIN.
There is a manor of Cosington in Kent.
Hasted (vol. iv. p. 434) says it gave both
residence and surname to the family of
Cosenton or Cosington. There was a John
de Cosington, 5 Edw. II., of this family.
R. J. FYNMORE.
A family of this name was of some
standing in Kent during the thirteenth and
fourteenth centuries. Among them were John,
John his son, and Sir Stephen de Cosington,
all living in 1345. There were also Costin-
tons in Notts. OLD SARUM.
GUICHARD D'ANGLE (11 S. ii. 427, 472, 493 ;
iii. 73). — In the first reply on p. 472 Guichard
is styled " d'Angle or d'Angolesme." It
was long supposed that his name was derived
from Angouleme, but Beltz, who investigated
the family history, found that it was really
derived from Angle, a small town near
Charenton in Poitou. Guillaume d'Angle,
great-grandfather of Guichard, was seigneur
of Angle in 1220 (' Memorials of the Order of
the Garter,' p. 182).
Although Guichard died without surviving
male issue, he was not the last male of the
family, as he had a nephew, William d'Angle,
to whom he left the lands which he had
acquired or might acquire in France, and all
his lands in England (ibid., p. 187).
G. H. WHITE.
St. Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
134
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. is, 1911.
BENJAMIN D'!SRAELI OF DUBLIN (11 S.
iii. 28). — The following extract from a list
of the corps of yeomanry known as the
Stephen's Green Cavalry, published, in
Cox's Irish Magazine for November, 1814,
may be of some use to J. T. : —
" Ben. Disrael, a Jew, a Lottery-monger, who
made a fortune at the same period, that any man
who could muster a quire of paper and an ink-
horn, might become a Lottery-office keeper or a
Gambling-house proprietor under that cover.
He was cotemporary with Lefevre, the livery
servant, Cash, the parish schoolmaster, Andrews,
the primer merchant, Burton, the quill man,
Williams, the stationer, who hanged himself,
and M'llwrath, the bootboy, who all made fortunes
by the same species of gambling. Ben turned
Christian, was made a Justice of the Peace for
the County of Carlow, and died about four months
since."
SEAMUS UA CASAIDE.
Dublin.
Benjamin Disraeli (not Disraeli) of Beachy
Park, Carlow, was a rich moneylender and
notary of Dublin (1788-96). He was also a
prominent member of the Dublin Stock
Exchange, held the office of Sheriff for
County Carlow in 1810, and died in 1814.
He was probably a member of a Huguenot
family named Disraeli, resident in London
during the eighteenth century, which was
related to the Lefevres, Chaigneaus, and Col-
villes, and therefore in no way connected
with Lord Beaconsfield.
ISRAEL SOLOMONS.
118, Sutherland Avenue, W.
There are some municipal lottery tickets
in the Science and Art Museum, Dublin,
which appear to be signed by this gentleman.
H. G. ARCHER.
See 5 S. vi. 47 ; 7 S. iii., iv., v. Apparently
the conclusion arrived at in 1887 (7 S. iii. 371)
was that " the Dublin notary bearing these
names cannot at present be affiliated to Lord
Beaconsfield' s family." By his will, proved
3 October, 1814, he left 7,000?. to charitable
purposes. R. J. FYNMORE.
Sand gate.
" CORBIE - STEPS " : " CORBEL - STEPS " :
" CORBALSAILYE " (11 S. ii. 426).— Jamie-
son's ' Diet.' (Donaldson, 1887) has :—
" Corbalsailye, s. prob. parapets or other pro-
jections corbelled out beyond the face of a fortified
wall. V. Saillie.
' Licentiam edificandi castra, turres et for-
tahcia cum januis ferreis, le battelling, corbal-
sailye, barmkynnis et carceribus' (' Retr. Mas
Sig., 1424-1513,' No. 1639).
" Fr. corbeille, a corbel, andsaitfte, a projection ;
like sa^ll^e de maison, an outjutting room
(Cotgrave).
Jamieson also has : —
" Saillie, Sailye, S filly, s. A projection ; out-
jutting ; applied to a room, gallery, or other
building projecting beyond the face of a house
or wall. The saillie or sailye was a device to
enlarge the rooms of hoxises built in the narrow
streets and lanes of olden times ; specimens of
which may still be seen in many of our large
towns. It was adopted also as a means of defence
in fortified castles, city walls, &c. ; and gave a
massive, frowning appearance to the battlements.
When so used, it was called a c.orbalsailye, O. Fr.
saillie, a projection ; ' an eminence, jutting or
bearing out beyond others,' Cotgrave. Fr.
saillir, to go out, issue forth, project."
TOM JONES.
Where the edges of a gable-end, as in
some Dutch-built houses, are not mere
slanting right lines, but ascend by degrees
to the apex, having the appearance of
flights of steps in silhouette, the birds often
perch upon them, and this was the explana-
tion offered me of the term " corbie-steps "
when I first heard it used — in Scotland
(Fr. corbeau ; O.F. corbel ; Lat. corvellus,
dim. of corvus, a raven).
I wonder whether, for an analogous
reason, each separate upstanding block of a
crenellated parapet is termed a " merlon "
(merle = blackbird ) .
The ' E.tXD.,' I see, has " crow-bawks,"
the projections of a gable-roof ; " crow-
steps," see " crow's rest," a brick projecting
from a chimney and cut to a slightly tapering
cylinder. ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
SWEETAPPLE SURNAME (11 S. iii. 66). —
Anne, eldest dau. of John Baddeley of Eller-
ton Grange, co. Stafford, married " Mr. John
Sweetaple," c. 1671, probably of London,
where the lady had three uncles living, one
of them an officer in the Regiment of Guards.
They had several children surviving in 1713.
ST. CLAIR BADDELEY.
ANNE BOLEYN OR BTJLLEN : BULLEY
FAMILY (11 S. iii. 8).— The following
excerpt from a ' Pedigree of the Bullen
Family,' made by the late Rev. W. Croft?
Bullen, and printed for private circulation,
may be of interest to H. A. B. : —
" The first of the family came to England with
William the Conqueror, and was known as ' De
Boullan ' ; in a short time the ' De ' was dropped,
and we find the name spelt ' Boulen,' and a
little later ' Boleyn ' ; it was written on the wall
of the Tower of London and spelt ' Bullien,'
and is supposed to be so written about the time
of Anna Bullen's death. In the year 1591 we find
it spelt ' Bollen,' and in 1602 we find it spelt as
at present — ' Bullen ' (see Milla's ' Catalogue of
Honor,' article on Boleyn), which is the same name
as the original 'Boleyn 'of Henry VIII.'s reign, as
is proved by the mention of the historic members
n s. m. FEB. is, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
135
r>f the family being described in Shakespeare's
play of ' Henry VIII.,' Act III. sc. ii. (Steven-
son's edition, published 1803) — ' I'll no Anne
Bullens for him ' ; also in Lord Macaulay's
• History of England ' it is spelt Bullen."
For the use of this pamphlet I am in-
debted to my brother-in-law Mr. T. F. Bullen
of Liverpool, a son of its compiler. The
reverend gentleman claimed that he could
trace his descent from the Earl of Wiltshire,
father of the ill-fated Queen. In the pro-
gramme of ' King Henry VIII.,' now playing
at His Majesty's Theatre, the name is spelt
Bullen.
As the ' Patronymica Britannica ' regards
the surname Boleyn as derived from the
place-name Boulogne rather than from that
of Bolein, Normandy (see 7 S. ii. 457), the
form De Boullan is easily accounted for ;
while in Stow's 'Annals' (1631) the ortho-
graphy is " Boloigne "(IS. viii. 510).
It has been suggested that Godefroi de
Bouillon, son of Eustace II. Count of
Boulogne and leader of the First Crusade,
was a connexion of this family ; but on
investigation I find this idea to be erroneous,
inasmuch as the etymologies of " Bouillon "
and " Boulogne " are distinct. The ety-
mology of the former can be arrived at by
examining that of the place-name Bouillon-
ville (Meurthe), Which in 857 was called in
mediaeval Latin. Baldofo villa, i.e., " the estate
of Baudulf " (Bold Wolf) ; hence Bouillon is
derived from Baudoin or Baldwin (Brave
Friend),* which in turn is from the Teutonic
band or bald, daring, courageous ; see ' Dic-
tionnaire des Noms Frangais,' by L. Larchey,
Paris, 1880. Moreover, the estate of
Bouillon is situated in the eastern part of
Brabant. On the other hand, Canon
Taylor considered Boulogne (Bononia) a
variant of Bolognia, derived from a Celtic
word bona, which signified " town," as in the
place-names Bonn, Ratisbon, Vindobona
(Vienna), and Juliobona, later Illebona
{Lillebonne, the article having been prefixed).
As to the orthography of the surname of
the physician and writer William Bulleyn
of Elizabeth's reign, the ' D.N.B.' spalls it
Bullein, and states that his medical work the
' Bulwarke of Defence ' was dedicated to
Henry Carey, Lord Hunsdon, a kinsman of
Queen Anne Boleyn ; so that he was in all
probability a member of the Bullen gens,
though this notion is scouted at 3 S. iv. 164.
What appears to have misled philologists in
regard to the origin of the surname is the
* This derivation of the name seems preferable
to that given by Miss Yonge in 'English Christian
Names,' viz., "Prince Friend."
fact that the Bullen arms are Argent, a
chevron gules between three bulls' heads
couped sable (see Appendix I. to ' The
Grammar of Heraldry,' by Samuel Kent,
London, 1716). This naturally gave rise
to the assumption that the founder of the
family was in early days called Bull.
N. W. HILL.
WATSON FAMILY AT MILNHORN AND
BLACKLAW (11 S. ii. 527).— As far as I can
learn, there is in Scotland only one Milnhorn
or Millhorn (in present-day spelling) — a
farm of that name being in the Perthshire
district of Coupar-Angus. Blacklaw, how-
ever, is a much more common name. There
are Blacklaws in Banffshire, Forfarshire,
Perthshire, Ayrshire, Lanarkshire, and
Dumfriesshire. Blacklaw tower in the last-
named county was formerly the property
of the Douglases of Fingland. The Lanark-
shire Blacklaw is notable as having been the
residence of the famous Jenny Cameron, one
of the heroines of the '45 rebellion.
None of these Blacklaws, so far as I know,
connects itself with the family of Watson.
If, however, as seems possible, Millhorn was
once their home, they may have migrated
from it to some adjacent Blacklaw. On the
whole, therefore, I am inclined to consider
the Forfarshire Blacklaw, in the parish of
Kinnell, to be the place inquired after.
During the eighteenth century there were
many Watsons in Forfarshire. Prof. David
Watson, the translator of Horace, was a
native of Brechin. There were other
Watsons, possessing a voting qualification in
the county, towards the end of the century.
Blacklaw in Kinnell was not too remote from
Millhorn in Coupar-Angus. W. SCOTT.
There is a Blacklaw in Bendochy parish,
East Perth, five miles N.N.E. of Cupar-
Angus ; and also a village thus named in the
parish of Linton, N.E. Roxburgh, four miles
south-east of Kelso.
J. HOLDEN MACMlOHAEL.
Blacklaw is the name of a village close to
Aberchirder in Banffshire. N. W. HILL.
BATTLE IN LINCOLNSHIRE, 1655 (US. ii.
468). — The note on the Ordnance Survey
map about a battle in Lincolnshire in 1655 is
in all likelihood a mistake. There were no
disturbances in Lincolnshire in 1655, so far
as ordinary histories record ; neither is there
mention made at any time of a battle of
Red Hill. May not 1655 be a misprint for
1643 ? During the latter year Cromwell
136
NOTES AND QUERIES. m a m. FEB. is, 1911.
gained two victories in Lincolnshire. One
of these, within about two miles of Grantham,
forms the subject of the first of Cromwell's
letters to appear in the newspapers. He
chased the enemy for two or three miles, but
no mention is made of a hill in the conflict.
The other engagement, within two miles of
Gainsborough, was fought on a hill, and one
of the fields is said still to bear the name of
" Redcoats Field." May not the latter,
wrongly placed on the map, be the Red hill
where the battle took place ? W SCOTT.
There was a battle at Grantham during
the Civil War, but the year was 1643, and
not 1655. It was Cromwell's first victory,
and was fought on 13 May, 1643. Informa-
tion respecting it will be found in Carlyle's
' Cromwell,' letter No. 5 ; Kingston's ' East
Anglia and the Civil War,' p. 112 ; Gardiner's
' History of the Civil War ' ; and Horton's
' Life of Cromwell,' p. 28, and other Lives.
In 1655 Cromwell was Lord Protector, and
though there were Royalist risings in that
year, I fail to find any trace of another
action at Grantham. Possibly the date on
the ordnance map may not be correct.
G. H. W.
" GOULANDS " IN BEN JONSON (11 S. ii.
429, 532). — I am afraid the Provencal gauch
will not help us at all. There is no difficulty
in accounting for the ow. As the ' N.E.D.'
shows, the original form was gollan, whence
goulan and gouland. Gowan resulted from
the loss of I in goulan or gowlan ; this I is
easily lost in Scottish, which has /a' for
fall, and the like. I point out, in my ' Ety-
mological Dictionary,' that the word is
certainly Scandinavian, as so many Scotcl
words are. I derive it from the Norse
gul-r, yellow, Swed. gul, Dan. guul, Norw
gul, gaul Observe the last of these forms
But I have no objection to connecting it
as the ' N.E.D.' suggests, with the word gold
which is closely related to O.N. gul-r. The
Norse for " gold " was gull, oldest forn
goll, which io nothing but gold (or an older
*golth) with the assimilation of Id (or Ith)
into II. Hence was formed the adj. gullin
golden, which is, practically, all we want
The change from gullin to gollan raises no
great difficulty. Gowan is parallel to the
English golden, with ow for oil, and oil for
old. That this is the easiest and most
likely solution will appear to any one who
will take the trouble to investigate the large
number of flower-names with which the
Icol. gulr is associated. Swedish has gul-
sippa, yellow wood-anemone ; gul-torne,
urze or gor.se, lit. yellow thorn ; gull-pudra,
golden saxifrage ; gull-regn, laburnum ?
ull-ris, golden-rod ; gull-traf, evening-
)rimrose ; gull-vifva, yellow primrose ; and
here are plenty more in Norwegian and
Danish. WALTER W. SKEAT.
The suggestion that gowan is derived
rom the same root as Scotch gowd, gold,
ill, I believe, have to be given up. The
E.D.D.' regards the word as sprung from
rael. gugan, a bud, flower, daisy ; though
Jamieson is inclined to suspect -this as merely
,aken over from the Scotch vernacular. I
ind, however, in Norman Macleod's ' Gaelic
Dictionary ' the words gucag, a bell, bubbley
drop ; sprout, bud, corolla of a flower ; and
gucagach, bud-bearing, sprouting, clustered ;
e in O'Reilly's ' Irish Dictionary ' occur
gugan, bud ; gucog, sprout, bud, bell ;
and gucogac, clustering, gowaned, which
seems to justify the etymology advanced
the ' E.D.D.,' the pronunciation of
and g in Celtic being often very much
alike. N. W. HILL.
The children with me when we went " May
blobbin " called the flowers " gowden gow-
Lans," and when we made flowers into gar-
lands these were " gowlans." On many a
cottage " best room " there were " gowlans ".
of birds' eggs hanging on the walls. Seldom
was the word " garland " pronounced except
" gowlan " — that is, in the Derbyshire village
where I was born. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
ii. 229). — The words " Beatitudo non est
divinorum cognitio, sed vita divina," about
which L. S. M. inquires, are the heading of the
second section from Porphyry's ' De Ab-
stinentia Animalium,' given in Marsilius
Ficinus's Latin translation on p. 296 of a
volume printed at Geneva in 1607 that con-
tains his version of lamblichus, ' De Mys-
teriis,' his ' Excerpta ex Graecis Procli Com-
mentariis in Alcibiadem Platonis primum,'
&c. EDWARD BENSLY.
LACY AS A PLACE-NAME (11 S. iii. 8).— The
suffix Lacy clearly has reference to a former
owner, and may be compared with the
suffix Lucy, found at Hampton-Lucy in
Warwickshire. Hampton being a common
place-name, this particular Hampton i&
distinguished from other Hamptons by
having the owner's name tacked to it.
MR. SCHLOSSER will probably find that
Polesden and Wilton were formerly part
of the possessions of the Lacy family, though
Camilla seems an* uncommon name, and
ii s. in. FEB. is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
137
therefore the reason for the suffix in this
instance is not obvious.
Walter de Laci, one of the companions of
the Conqueror, had possessions in Worces-
tershire. Roger de Laci, his son, owned
five manors in Worcestershire, as recorded in
Domesday Book. Ilbert and Roger de
Laci both held land in capite in England.
But in Worcestershire the Lacy manors are
not differentiated, though in Herefordshire
we still have Holm-, Stoke-, and Mansel-.
One of the best examples of this kind of
place-name is to be found in Warwickshire,
not far from Hampton-Lucy, where there
are two Wellesbournes — Wellesbourne Hast-
ings and Wellesbourne Mountford — parted
by a small stream, the Wellesbourne brook.
After the Conquest Henry de Newburgh,
Earl of Warwick, owned both places, and
he or his successors gave the one to Robert
«le Hastings, and the other to Thurston de
Mountford, and since that time the two
Wellesbournes have been distinguished by
the names of their Norman owners.
W. S. BBASSINGTON.
Stratford-upon-Avon.
Most of the many names of places (if not
all of them) including Lacy — such as
Stanton-Lacy, Holm-Lacy, Ewyas-Laci —
owe their peculiarity to former ownership
(1) on the part of Walter de Laci (d. 1085)
and Hugh his son, or (2) of their collaterals
in Yorkshire ; and (3) of the respective
descendants of both branches of this illus-
trious Norman family. Their name was
taken from Lasci, a fief of the Bishops of
Bayeux (cf. Lib. Rubeus, p. 646, R.S.).
ST. CLAIB BADDELEY.
If the annals of the various places having
Lacy as the second part of their name are
looked into it will be found that the lords
of the manors at some period belonged
to some branch of the Lacy family. Thus
Hutchins, the historian of Dorset, says of the
manor of Kingston Lacy in that county that
"' it takes its additional name from Lacy,
Earl of Lincoln, once lord of it."
This mode of identificatior is frequently
employed in Devonshire, more than 40
parishes being named on this principle.
Thus we have Aveton Giffard, Compton
Giffard, and Were Giffard ; Bere Ferrers anc
Bere Alston ; Berry Narbert or Narbor and
Berry Pomeroy ; Stoke Rivers, Stoke
Fleming, Stoke Damarel and Sydenham
Damarel ; Bovey Tracey and Newton
Tracey ; Colaton Raleigh and Withycombe
Raleigh, &c. THOS. WAINWBIGHT.
Barristaple.
The title of the query should have been
' Lacy in a Place-Name " ; for Lacy is not
a place-name at all, but the name of a
amily. In double names of this character
Vilton Lacy means that a place called
/Vilton was distinguished from other Wiltons
>y connexion with the family of Lacy or
^acey. Nearly all such family names are
Gorman. WALTER W. SKEAT.
[MR. N. W. HILL, MB. TOM JONES, MB. HOLDEN
VlAcMicHAEL, OLD SABUM, and ST. SWITHIN also
hanked for replies.]
OUNDLE (US. iii. 9).— Speltf Undale in
Birch, ' Cart. Saxon.,' i. 36, iii. 579, both
imes in late copies of doubtful charters ;
mt the spelling appears to be correct. The
suffix seems to be the modern E. " dale."
The prefix can hardly be English, and is more
ikely Norse ; cf. Ouneby in ' Inquis. post
Mortem,' vol. i. I guess Un- (or Oune-)
:o represent Una, gen. of Uni, a. Norse name
n Egilsson. If so. it means " Uni's dale."
WALTEB W. SKEAT.
The early form was Uridela. It occurs, as
far back as anno 664, in a Peterborough
harter (' Cart. Sax.,' 22).
Mr. M'Clure, in his new book of * British
Place-Names,' p. 23, suggests that it is
" a worn form " of Avondael, situated near
the confluence of the little river Avon with
the Nene. EDWABD SMITH.
Putney.
Oundle appears originally to have been,
according to Domesday Book, Undele, and
over the door of the Grammar School House
was formerly the following inscription : —
Uudellse natus, Londini parta labore
Laxtonus posuit, senibus puerisq ; levaraen,
which is thus rendered by Fuller : —
At Oundle born, what he did get
In London with great pain,
Laxton to old and young hath set,
A comfort to remain.
Sir William Laxton was the founder of the
school. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
[MB. TOM JONES, O., and MK. T. SHEI-HEBD also
thanked for replies.]
DBYDEN AS A PLACE-NAME (US. iii. 68).—
Dryden is a farm five miles south from
Selkirk, on the main road between Edin-
burgh and Carlisle. There is a dry dean,
or small deep valley, on the farm, devoid
of water, which probably accounts for the
name, as in ancient times, when the district
was all forest, and even at a somewhat later
period when cattle-lifting went on exten-
sively by raiders from both sides of the
138
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. is, 1911.
English and Scottish border, this dry valley
would be a useful place for hiding stock,
besides being perhaps the most distinctive
feature of the ground.
The prefix also occurs in the district in
such names as Dryloch, Dryhope, Dry-
grange, Dryburgh, and Drycleuchlee ; but
these names indicating a dry situation are
few in number compared with the place-
names in the South of Scotland indicative of
mires and marshes, many of which have
now disappeared by drainage operations.
T. H. S.
Edinburgh.
The suggestion in the query that Dryden
as a place-name was derived from the
Drydanes who came across the border into
Scotland is plausible, but not altogether con-
vincing. As a family name, Dryden is by no
means common in Scotland. As a place-
name it is still more seldom to be met with.
In 1868 there was a farm named Dryden in
Roxburghshire, which has since been attached
to Selkirkshire. Another farm of the same
name was in Aberdeenshire. There was a
Dryden House, unoccupied in 1868, and
Dryden Mains, a farm at Roslin, evidently
former possessions of the powerful family of
Sinclair or St. Glair of Roslin. Drydenbank
was nearer Edinburgh, and " Dryden' s
groves of oak " are mentioned in Scott's
ballad of ' Rosabelle.'
Is it in the least probable that places so far
apart should have derived their name from
a somewhat obscure family settled in Scot-
land in the fifteenth century ? Surely it is
much more likely that Dryden is a local
designation, signifying, as certain philologists
affirm, " the dry valley." W. SCOTT.
{MB. W. E. WILSOX also thanked for reply.]
"STENCIL": ITS DERIVATION" (11 S. ii.
302). — This word is probably from the
Provencal ustensilho, ustensiho, estansiho,
gear, tools, tinware, the perforated metal
strainer of a pump. The last form of the
word, from which the e would drop on
passing out of Southern France, was probably
due to the influence of estam, tin. The
dresser on which the tin cups and plates of a
farmhouse were displayed was the estagnie.
A stencil-plate, being usually cut from tin
plate, would be an estansilho rather than
ustensilho. I have no record of the word,
but will search for it. To " stencil " is to
print a design with such a utensil, instead of
doing it by hand alone.
The term must have come direct from the
South of France, as estensil or estencil, for
ustensil, soon lost its first s in French,
Spanish, and Italian (though keeping it in
Portuguese), passing to EnglLh without it.
But, curiously enough, " utensil " has, in
spoken English, acquired a substitute for the
lost s. Just as the original Provenyal word
was modified by the influence of estam, so in
barrack-English (its Indian variety at least)
" utensil " has, probably under the influence
of " uniform," become " unitensil." Forty
years ago in India I frequently heard this
word in barracks. The quartermaster of my
brigade always spoke of the cook-house
" unitensils." ' EDWARD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
HIGH STEWARDS AT THE RESTORATION :
ROGER GOLLOP, M.P. FOR SOUTHAMPTON
(11 S. ii. 488 ; iii. 17). — I have before me a
copy of a list of the Parliaments from 1640
to 1661, published 1661 by Robert Pawley,
and "to be sold at his shop at the Bible in
Chancery Lane." He gives (p. 65) as M.P.s
for Southampton (borough) in 1659 " Thomas
Knollys, Esq., and Roger Gallop [sic], Esq."
Browne Willis ('Notitia Parliamentarian
vol. iii. p. 293) gives the same names.
ALFRED B. BEAVEN,
QUEEN'S REGIMENT, SHEFFIELD PLATE
DISH (11 S. iii. 70). — "In Deo spero " is
the motto of the De Saumarez family, but
their crest is not a griffin.
MATILDA POLLARD.
Belle Vue, Bengeo.
0n
The Bacchants of Euripides, and other Essays-
By A. W. Verrall, Litt.D. (Cambridge Uni-
versity Press. )
CLASSICAL scholars from the circumstances of their
training ought to write better than the average
man. This advantage in style is, however, not
so common as might be expected, though one or
two of our foremost scholars present their results
with a charm and grace of language which should
be obvious to readers. Dr. Verrall is one of this
select body of specialists whom weiwould choose to
read for mere pleasure. His work is always
admirably lucid, irradiated with a fine sense of
humour and character, and, in a word, eminently
persuasive.
To the present writer his Euripidean studies
are more than brilliant theory, but, even if they
were not, they would be delightful. In the essay
on ' The Bacchants ' he approaches that fine and
curious play from the point of view of Prof.
Norwood, who has published a book on ' The
Kiddle of the Bacchse.' The summary of the
religion Euripides described in the play and
his purpose in so describing it, is an admirable
and eloquent piece of writing. Incidentally, we-
ii s. m. FEB. is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
139
find some useful comment on the colouring which
Prof. Gilbert Murray has skilfully attached to his
verse rendering.
The next article, ' The First Homer,' is re-
printed from The Quarterly with modifications,
and will be found an excellent brief view of a
puzzling question. ' The Mutiny of Idomeneus '
is another Homeric study. Of the remaining
articles the most striking are ' Rhyme and Reason
in Attic Tragedy ' and ' Christ before Herod,' a
study of the story as given by St. Luke, suggesting
" that the case against the narrative is itself
entirely mistaken, and rests, so far as it has any
basis at all, upon a traditional misapprehension and
misinterpretation of the statement impeached."
This shows that Dr. Verrall, when he pleases,
can make as strong a case for traditional views
as he does as an innovator. The ' Rhyme and
Reason in Attic Tragedy ' is a most ingenious
inquiry, and, so far as we know, entirely novel.
There is, it is contended, some purpose in such
rhymes as xP€&v and de&v, or such assonances as
the use of verbs with similar endings. In such
a composer as Euripides this phenomenon is
deliberate, purposely uncouth, for rhyme and
assonance in Greek are grotesque, and so abund-
antly used by Aristophanes. Medea, " dis-
tinguished in this (I think) from all other speakers
in tragedy, thrice closes a speech upon a couplet
with double assonance " ; and this fact alone
would show that the assonance was intentional,
and meant to represent, not the harmony of
English linked sweetness, but a scream. So
at the opening of the ' Philoctetes ' Sophocles
is said to be suggesting the horrid noise of the
agonized hero by dry/nous at the end of one line,
and 8v<r<jrr]fJilais in the next. This theory, of course,
supposes a very high standard of artistry in the
tragedians, but no one who has studied them
with thoroughness will be inclined to deny this
meticulous perfection to Sophocles, at any rate.
IN The National Revieiv ' Episodes of the
Month ' are treated in the usual pungent style.
It is suggested that " any Peer who swallows the
Parliament Bill is only fit for Bedlam." ' Kund-
schaftsdiene,' by Col. de la Poer Beresford, is an
interesting discussion of the methods and possi-
bilities of secret service, the spying into fortresses,
&c. The writer speaks of his own experiences as a
Military Attache at St. Petersburg. Mrs. Archi-
bald Colquhoun gives an amusing account, in
' The Night before the Poll,' of her sudden
descent on a place in " Fenshire " to speak for
the Unionist cause. Lord Cranworth's article on
' The Public-School Boy in East Africa ' seems
to us very practical. Mr. A. Maurice Low in his
monthly account of ' American Affairs ' intimates
that Mr. Taft means to stand again for the
Presidency. ' Two Solutions of the Greek
Question,' by Mr. A. D. Godley, is the sort of
paper we are glad to see in the magazines, and
we congratulate The National on giving its readers
in this article and others a relief from politics and
sociology. Mr. H. B. Marriott Watson has in
his short paper on ' The Native English Drama '
an interesting comparison between ' Twelfth
Night ' and Mr. Hardy's fine novel ' The Return
of the Native,' in which he contends that the
later master follows the Elizabethan model of
arrangement, and asks if it could not be revived
to-day. The odd title ' Dabchirr v. Tiem '
covers the account of a dispute concerning a horse
m Northern Nigeria, and a legal decision by an
assistant resident, whose quarters are described
as, like .Nicholas Nickleby's at Portsmouth " un-
common snug." Mr. Folair's expression was,
we believe, " pernicious snug." The article is
amusing, being written with verve, and we should
like to read more of the kind devoted to regions
of which the armchair critic, as a rule knows
nothing.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — FEBRUARY.
MR. BERTRAM DOBELL'S Catalogue 192 con-
tains first editions of Blackmore's novels ' Lorna
' t' ' The Maid of Sker,'
-i ' M,a,rv •t er,
Chnstowell, and ' Springhaven,' together
» vols., half -morocco, 151. First editions of
Dickens include ' Pickwick,' in parts, 30?. ; and
Nickleby,' also in parts, 71. Under Montaigne
is the second edition of Florio's translation, folio
original calf, 1613, 1QI. 10s. The first edition of
Swinburne s Poems and Ballads,' Moxon, 1866 is
81. 8s. There are works under America, Art, and
Bibliography. Under Byron and Coleridge are
first editions. Under Heraldry is Nares's
' Heraldic Anomalies,' 2 vols., 12mo, 1823, 4s. 6d
Mr. Dobell notes : "An exceedingly amusing
work, containing much curious information."
Under Drama is a collection of plays by old
authors, 44 vols., 12mo, vellum, 1733-40, 21 10s
London items include accounts of the visits of the
Emperor of Russia to the Corporation in 1814,
also of Wellington's in the same year. Under
Tennyson are first editions.
Mr. John Grant's Edinburgh Catalogue con-
tains sets of the Zoological Society, Geological
Society, and the Irish Texts Society. There are
the two works of Viollet Le Due : ' Dictionnaire
Raisonn6 de 1'Architecture Franeaise,' 10 vols.,
royal 8vo, half-morocco, Paris, 1854-68, 5?. 10s. ;
and ' Dictionnaire du Mobilier Francais,' 6 vols
Paris, 1872-5, a choice copy, 61. 10s. Autograph
letters include two of Carlyle to James Ballantine
the Scottish poet : the first dated Chelsea, 15th
June, 1842, 51. 5s. ; the second, dated 31st
December the same year, tendering the author
much advice, 51. 10s. There are also a letter of
Ruskin's and two of Dickens to Ballantine
Among works from the library of Prof. Blackie is
a collection of chapbooks bound in one volume
11. 8s. Under Dramatic Literature are Moxon 's
edition of Beaumont and Fletcher 11 vols calf
1843-6, 11. 10s. ; and Baskerville's Congreve!
3 vols., original calf, 1761, 51. 5s. Under Johnson
are the first edition of the ' Dictionary ' and the
first of Boswell. Under Italian Literature is the
best edition of Alfieri, 22 vols., 4to, full citron
morocco, Pisa, 1805, 31. 3s. Under Prayer Books
are Pickering's folio reprints, 7 vols., dark-blue
morocco, 1844, 51. 12s. 6d. Scottish Literature
includes issues of the Scottish History Society,
Scottish Text Society, Burton's ' History,' and
Douglas's ' Poetical Works.' Under French
Literature are Didot's ' Nouvelle Biographic
Generate,' 46 vols., 61. 10s. ; and Thiers's histori-
cal works, 32 vols., 31. 3s. Among Shakespeare
items is the ' Cambridge Shakespeare,' 9 vols.
levant, 1863-6, 4f. 4s. A choice copy of Wood's
' Athenae Oxonienses,' 4 vols., 4to, russia extra,
1813-20, is 61. 6s. A collection of twenty-three
first editions, with five early editions, of Leigh.
140
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. m. FEB. is, 1911.
Hunt, 30 vols., half -morocco, 3 in boards uncut,
6 in publishers' cloth uncut, 39 vols. in all, 1807-
1878, is priced HZ. 11s.
Mr. George Gregory's Bath Catalogue, Nos.
201-2 contains under Book-plates the Journal
of the Ex-libris Society, 11 vols., 4to, half-calf,
1892-1901, 31. 10s. Boyne's ' Tokens,' 4to, 1858,
is 6Z. 6s. ; Burney's ' History of Music,' 4 vols.,
4to, calf, 1789, 3Z. 3s. ; the second edition (first
in folio) of ' The Anatomy of Melancholy,' 1624,
101. ; and Cooke's ' British Fungi,' 8 vols., in the
original parts, 11Z. Under Court Memoirs and
Napoleana is La Belle AssenihUe, 15 vols., 1808-
1813, 8Z. Under Cruikshank is an autograph copy
of ' The Bottle,' 61. There is a set of The Gentle-
man's Magazine, complete, with the exception of
4 vols., 221. ; and a set of Jesse's Memoirs,
"30 vols., new, 121. Horace Walpole's copy of
Le Neve's ' Monumenta Anglicana,' 5 vols., old
calf, 1717-19, is 6Z. Under the Masterpieces of
the Museo del Prado are 110 exquisite photo-
gravure reproductions, a special subscription
copy, Berlin Photographic Company, 15?. Under
White's ' Selborne ' is the first edition, 11. Is. The
frontispiece is mounted and cut close at top,
hence the low price. Under Wiltshire are Hoare's
' Ancient History,' 2 vols., 1810-19, and the
•' Modern History,' 6 vols., 1822-52, imperial folio,
morocco, 35Z. There are works from the libraries
of the Rev. Foskett Wayne and our old corre-
spondent Charles Lawrence Ford. There is a
long list of Bohn's Libraries. Under Japanese
Art is ' One Hundred Masterpieces,' 2 vols.
Tokyo, 1909, 6Z.
Messrs. Henry Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current
711 contains a fine copy of the rare editio princeps
of Aristophanes, Venetiis, apud Aldum, 1498,
folio, old olive morocco, 351. There are also fine
copies of rare editions of the Bible, including
Biblia Sacra Latina Vulgatse Editionis, in Gothic
letter, 4 vols., folio, half-parchment, Venice,
1489, 20Z. ; the last edition but one of Cranmer's,
1562, 311. 10s. ; and the second folio of the
Authorized Version, 1613, 11. Is. Other rare
books are the 1757 Boccaccio, 5 vols., 12Z. 12s.
' Edinburgh Essays,' 3 vols., 1754-71, 61. 6s.
and a tall copy of the first edition of Parkinson's
' Garden,' 1629, 21Z. Under Shelley are the
.original first issue of ' St. Irvyne,' 1811, 65Z. ;
.and Moxon's edition, 4 vols., 1839, 4Z. 4s. There
is a set of first editions of Stevenson, 38 vols., very
-.scarce, 52Z. 10s. An extremely rare book is the
first edition of Stubbes's ' Anatomie of Abuses,'
1583, 21Z. Only one copy of this has been sold by
auction during the past twenty years, and realized
27Z. Under Milton is a fine tall copy of the first
edition of ' Paradise Regained ' and ' Samson
Agonistes,' 70Z. This has the rare first leaf,
" Licensed July 2, 1670," and unpaged leaf of
Errata at end. There is a sumptuous set of Byron
with Life by Moore, Murray '3 library edition,
.extra-illustrated with 40 mezzotint portraits and
495 views, 10 thick 4to volumes, with book-plate of
son is a genuine copy of the first issue of ' Helen's
Tower.' Only a few copies of this were presented
to friends ; this was given by Lady Gifford to
her son on his twenty-first birthday, and there
are ten lines on the last leaf by the poet. Among
Thackeray items is the first "edition of ' Vanity
Fair ' with the suppressed woodcuts of Lord
Steyne, new calf, 4Z. 15s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
Byron, 1830-39, 60Z. Under Greater London
we find the well-known names of Agas, Besant,
Chamberlain, Clinch, Maitland, and others,
beside Malcolm's ' Londinium Redivivum,' in-
cluding the 'Anecdotes,' 6 vols., 4to, 1802-11,
4Z. 4s., and Wilkinson's ' Londina,' 2 vols., 4to,
1819-25, 5Z. 5s. There is a long list under Scot-
land, including Stuart's ' Sculptured Stones,'
2 vols., folio, 1856-67, 10Z. 10s. Under Tenny-
MR. W. L. RUTTON, F.S.A. — As a correspondent
of Mr. Rutton for several years, I should like to
express my sense of the great loss that the study
of London topography has sustained by his death.
The correspondence began some seventeen or
eighteen years ago, when an inquiry regarding the
site of Mrs. Siddons's house at Paddington was
being pursued in ' N. & Q.,' and Mr. Rutton, by his
skill as a surveyor, was enabled satisfactorily to
settle the question, in the opinion of those best
qualified to judge. Since then scarcely a month
elapsed without the receipt of a letter on some
interesting topic. In June, 1909, when I met him
at the British Museum in order to look through
some authorities to which I wished him to refer
in connexion with the paper on Eia which he was
about to read before the Society of Antiquaries,
and which has since been published in the Archceo-
'.ogia, he seemed as hale and vigorous as an
ordinary man of fifty. In his last letter, which
was dated less than three weeks before his death,
he told me he was beginning a series of papers on
Westminster for The Home Counties Magazine,
in which some of his best work is contained, and
had ventured on a visit to the British Museum,
from which he had suffered no hurt save a
temporary obstruction in breathing which he was
getting over. His death from cardiac asthma on
the 3rd inst. was, I fear, the result of this visit.
Mr. Rutton made no pretensions to being a man
of great erudition, but he was a careful and pains-
taking antiquary, who never accepted a statement
on trust, but always endeavoured to find record
authority in support of his views. His letters were
usually sal bed with an infusion of dry humour
which made them pleasant reading." He will
perhaps be best remembered by his ' History of the
Wentworths,' which is a work of considerable
value.
W. F. P.
10 Of0rrap0ntonis.
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
bo "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Ad ver-
risements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
ishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.C.
G. W. E. R. (" Chinese Version of ' Excelsior'").—
Anticipated 11 S. ii. 357.
W. B., Hammersmith, J. T. C., and E. H. H.—
Forwarded.
n H. in. FEB. 25, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
141
LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 2.5, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 61.
NOTES :— Lomonossov, 141— Bishopsgate Street Without,
142— Gray's 'Elegy': Translations and Parodies, 144—
Prince of Wales as Churchwarden— Keats, Hampstead,
and Sir C. W. Dilke, 145— "Scavenger"— " Fenelons "—
'N.E.D.': Missing Words— Marriage on 30 February-
Hertfordshire Monumental Inscriptions — Mrs. Booth,
Actress, 146.
QUERIES :— Arnolfini Family—" George Inn " at Woburn
— " Pro patria est dura ludere videraur "—Rev. Stephen
Radcliff e -Authors Wanted—' Saturday Review ' and
Saxons— Bishop of Durham and Curate— Thirty-Nine
Articles, 147— Sir Andrew Judd— Litany : Spitting and
Stamping the Feet— Rev. Edward Young— Nurmington
Church Dedication— Pewter Church Flagon— Napoleon
and Elizabeth Poulyne— Thomas Morres Jones—' Les
Arrivants ' — " Owns " : " Blithering." 148—" Teapoy"—
Albertus a Lasco— Gratious Street=Gracechurch Street—
Crevequer— Wortley-Montagu— Queen's College, Oxford
—Absinthe-drinking— Ear-Piercing, 149.
REPLIES :— Vanishing London, 149— Mansel Family, 151
—Lamb, Burton, and Spiera — George I.'s Statues —
Gamnecourt, 152— " God moves in a mysterious way"—
Dickens: " Shallabalah " — " The Old Mogul," Drury
Lane— Oundle —Thread Papers, 153 — Lady O'Looney's
Epitaph— Mother's Maiden Name as Children's Surname
—Geoffrey Pole, 154 — "Tewke," "Tuke" — "Let us go
hence, my songs "—Moving Pictures and Cinematographs,
155— Epigram in Schopenhauer— Church with Wooden
Bell-Turret—Court Life, 156— Scarborough Spa— Marine
Insurance, 157— The Black Prince's Language— Great
Snow in 1614— Sir Charles Chalmers, Bt., 158.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-'The Cambridge History of English
Literature.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
Jiofcs.
LOMONOSSOV,
A GREAT RUSSIAN^PIONEER.
IN view of the approaching celebrations of
the birth of Michael Vasilievitch Lomo-
nossov (1711-65), organized by the Imperial
Russian Academy of Sciences and other
bodies, some notes on this eminent man of
letters and science may prove of interest.
Lomonossov is a master and creator in the
literary language dating from the refoims
of Peter the Great, and the sway of Church
Slavonic had in his time already receded.
Michael Lomonossov was born at the
village of Dennisovka, near Kholmogory,
Archangel government, the son of the
fisherman Vassili Dorofeievitch. Khol-
mogory at that period possessed the im-
portance later acquired by Archangel. There
are local monuments of the future gram-
marian, including the stone church he
.attended with its ikons and vessels, and
graves in the cemetery with names of con-
temporaries and relatives. The arrange-
ment of a Lomonossov Museum and the
foundation of a special school, among other
suggestions, have engaged the attention of
the goverrtor and municipal authorities of
Archangel.
Young Michael shared with his father the
perils of the White Sea fishery, but early
showed great liking for reading ; and it is
said that Dudin, the leading magnate of
Kurostrov, had a rich library to which
Michael had access. His mother, daughter
of a priest, encouraged him, but later a hard
step-mother as well as his father reproached
Michael for wasting time over books.
Finally he started on foot for Moscow,
carrying Simeon Polotzky's psalter, Meletii
Smotritsky's Slavonic grammar, and the
arithmetic of L. P. Magnitzky. In 1731
Michael entered the Slaviano-Greco-Latin
Academy. Vassili Dorofeievitch lived ten
years after his son left, heard of his success,
and was drowned in the White Sea. Michael
wrote to his family with regard to the
recovery and burial of the body. At the
Academy the younger pupils derided this
" duffer of twenty years " who had come
to learn Latin, but he surpassed them all,
and in 1736, after a period at Kiev, he was
sent abroad with other students by the
Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg to
work at science. Both Henckel of Freiberg
and Christian Wolff of Marburg spoke well
of Lomonossov's progress in physical sciences.
Unfortunately, his career was not only
marked by diligence, since he contracted
debts, wandered about, and was seized by a
Prussian recruiting party near Diisseldorf,
and taken to the fortress of Wesel to serve,
but escaped.
Returning to Russia, Lomonossov did not
readily find recognition of his talents, and
when he was appointed adjunct to the
Imperial Academy the German party were
predominant. In 1746 he became Pro-
fessor, and found friends in Counts Orlov
and Vorontsov, his special Maecenas being
Count Shuvalov. Lomonossov sought to
effect reforms in the University and the
Academy, and Prof. A. Bruckner says of his
abilities that " he stood in place of an
academy and a university, technical in-
stitutes, and chemical laboratories." He
did not hide his light under a bushel, and
claimed with justice that he had conferred
honour on his country through his work.
The Government and the University sent
manuscripts for him to examine as censor
and corrector, and more stress is laid by
142
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. FEB. 25, 1911.
Polevoi and other writers on Lomonossov as
a man of letters than as a scientific worker.
He well understood the limits of science and
literature, for, in his own words,
" the mathematician is not reasonable who thinks
he can measure the will of God with a pair of
compasses, nor is the instructor of divinity if he
supposes he can teach astronomy or chemistry
out of the Psalter."
The search for the North Pole and the North-
West Passage engaged Lomonossov' s atten-
tion.
Born with the old Novgorod dialect,
Lomonossov became familiar with other
forms of Russian through residence at
Moscow and Kiev, and mastered the com-
plicated grammar of Church Slavonic. His
works include a short Russian chronicle ;
the grammar, odes, tragedies, and Court
panegyrics ; writings on chemistry, elec-
tricity, glass manufacture, and metallurgy ;
and translations from Lucian, Erasmus,
Rousseau, and Junker. He was high in
favour under the Tsaritsa Elizabeth, but
retired from the Academy with a pension
soon after the accession of Catherine II.
I have heard Russian class-masters extol
the career of Lomonossov as a model for
young pupils in the tone of Dr. Samuel
Smiles, a form of exhortation which creates
disappointment quite as often as it en-
courages. The eloquent tribute to the
merits of the Russian language, in which
Lomonossov cites Charles V., included in
Reiff's grammar, is known to many who are
unfamiliar with his life and work.
FRANCIS P. MAKCHANO?.
Streatham Common.
BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT.
(See ante, p. 2.)
" THE CATHERINE WHEEL " in Bishopsgate
Without, between Nos. 43 and 48, was,
until lately pulled down, the last of the old
galleried inns in Bishopsgate Within and
Without. Some years before its demolition
it was severely damaged by fire, or it would
probably have held out longer. Only one
side of the house remained in 1895, and the
galleries upon which the eyes of generations
of travellers and carriers had rested, in
anticipation of the repose afforded behind
them, had been filled in with glass partitions.
The date 1564 was upon an old lamp pre-
served on the premises ; but whether this was
an afterthought with a view to " business "
one cannot say. I had not time in 1895
to look over the remains thoroughly, though
many features of antiquarian interest were
claimed for what remained of the old inn.
There was a local tradition that the stables
of the inn were by no means innocent of
accommodating the horses of " gentlemen
of the road," among whom is said to have
been that glorified rascal Richard Turpin.
" On Saturday last Sir Humphrey Cahoon,
a Scotch Gentleman, took a lodging at the'
Katherine-Wheel Inn without Bishopsgate ; and
next Morning about ten a Clock cut his own
Throat with a Penknife, in so violent a Manner,
that tho' the Assistance of able Surgeons was
called in, he died in the Space of an Hour after.
The Coroner's Inquest having sat upon the Body,
brought in their Verdict Lunacy ; it appearing
that for some time he was disorder 'd in his Senses."
— Weekly Journal, 25 Aug., 1722.
If this be Sir Humphrey Colquhoun of the
Nova Scotia baronetcy, the origin of whose
family is " enveloped in the obscurity of
remote antiquity," the date does not agree
with that given by Burke. Sir Humphrey
Colquhoun, a member of the Union Parlia-
ment, died, according to the ' Peerage ' of
1864, in 1715, but in another part of the
account of the family the date is given as
1718.
It has been assumed — I think erroneously
— that this sign had its origin in the Knights
of St. Catherine of Mount Sinai, an order
created in 1063 for the protection of pilgrims
on their way to and from the Holy Sepulchre.
This, of course, might be indirectly the case,
but it is exceedingly probable that the sign
was derived more directly from the arms of
the Turners' Company, before that Company
was incorporated, 2 James I., 1604. These
arms are : Azure, a Catherine wheel between
two columns or ; in chief, a regal crown
proper ; in base, an axe argent, handled of
the second, lying fesseways, the blade down-
wards. (Cf. "The Axe Inn" in St. Mary
Axe, 9 S. x. 425 ; xi. 110, 231 ; xii. 170,
253, 351, 507 ; 10 S. i. 89.)
In connexion with Richard Flecknoe's
assertion that " The Catherine Wheel "
became " The Cat and Wheel," owing to
religious prejudice (' ^Enigmatical Charac-
ters,' 1658, 8vo), it is worthy of note that
in the scarce little book called ' The Stranger's
Guide, or Traveller's Directory,' three dis-
tinct Cat and Wheel Alleys are thus de-
scribed : —
" Cat and Wheel Alley, in Bishopsgate Street
without.
Cat and Wheel Alley, in Whitechapel.
Cat and Wheel Alley, on Snow Hill."
It is probable that religious prejudice
had nothing to do with the popular abbrevia-
tion. At all events, in the same ' Guide y
us. m. FEB. 25, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
143
(p. 173) the carriers are announced to set out
from " The Catherine Wheel " (not " The
Cat and Wheel ") in Bishopsgate Street.
There was another " Catherine Wheel "
at probably No. 80, which was known in the
middle of the eighteenth century as " The
Katherine Wheel and George " ; and there
is still a George and Katherine Wheel Alley
between Nos. 80 and 81 : —
" To be Sold,
At the Katherine Wheel and George in
Bishopsgate-Street,
A Gelding, fourteen Hands and a half high, comes
six Years old, walks, trots, and gallops well, and
warranted sound. Likewise a handsome Glass
Coach, fit for Town or Country, to be sold at a
reasonable price." — Daily Advertiser, 22 June,
1712.
Dunning' s Alley, between 151 and 152,
was named after the ground landlord who
built it. But Farrar's Rents, between
163 and 164, are not mentioned at all by
Dodsley. They are, however, later by both
kockie and Elmes in their Topographical
Dictionaries, where in both instances the
name is spelt Farrer.
Next comes Half-Moon Street, between
167 and 169. " The Half Moon," as a
token indicates, was a brewhouse (Beaufoy
Coll., No. 177). Joan Wood in 1600, by
her last will, gave a rent charge arising from
the brewhouse called " The Half -Moon,"
and a house in Half-Moon Alley, with the
lands and tenements, to St. Botolph's for
charitable uses (Stow's ' Survey of London,'
1754, vol. i. p. 423).
Another person no doubt benefited greatly
the parish of St. Buttolph, in the church of
which his monument may be seen. This
was the wealthy and generous (he seems to
have been something more than merely
liberal) Sir Paul Pindar. His town mansion,
and the tavern that succeeded it, stood at
the corner of Half -Moon Street, No. 169,
Bishopsgate Street Without. The sign-
board, bearing a half-length portrait of
this famous merchant of the Stuart period,
was considered by the Society of Anti-
quaries sufficiently authentic for engraving
and publication. Before it was discarded, it
was to be seen placed flat against the wall
beneath the central window of the wealthy
knight's town mansion, for such it was —
or, to be more correct, a portion of it —
before its conversion to the uses of a tavern.
But the whole of the remains — the great
reception room, and the famous panelled
bay-windows, two stories in height, adorned
with grotesque carvings— were removed in
1891 to make way for the Great Eastern
Railway Company's terminus - widening
scheme. The fact that the Company pre-
sented these remains to the South Kensing-
ton Museum, where they formed a valuable
addition to the Architectural Court, testifies
eloquently to the value placed by experts
upon their artistic importance as an example
of the domestic architecture of the period.
"The Sir Paul Pindar's Head," as the
tavern was called, was one of the first places
to vend " Butt beer, commonly called
Porter." An announcement in The Daily
Advertiser, 15 October, 1742, is as follows : —
A CHALLENGE to the whole
Town for
BUTT BEER, commonly call'd PORTER.
This " Butt beer," or " entire butt beer,"
or " porter," is said to have been first in-
vented and used by a brewer named Har-
wood, in 1722, to save the drawer (or
" skinker," as he was called in Ben Jonson's
time) the trouble of going to three different
taps for what was called " half-and-half "
and later " three threads," i.e., a third of ale,
beer, and twopenny combined. Hence the
frequent legend " So-and-So's Entire," the
concoction deriving its name " porter "
from being in such great demand by porters.
Sir Paul Pindar's monument may be seen
in St. Botolph's Church, Bishopsgate. He
was born at Wellingborough in North-
amptonshire. At sixteen he was taken from
school and put apprentice to Mr. Parvish,
an Italian merchant, who sent him at eigh-
teen as his factor to Venice, where, and in
parts adjacent, he resided for fifteen years
or so, trading upon his own account, and
on commissions both from his old master
and from others of different countries, and
accumulating a large estate. After trading
five years in England, he became, through
the instrumentality of the Turkey Company,
Ambassador from the Court of James I.
to the Grand Signior at Constantinople ,
where he much improved the Levant trade
in British manufactures, which had been
greatly injured by the competition of the
Dutch and French. His wealth enabled
him to become the possessor of a diamond
from Turkey valued at 30,OOOZ., which he
sold to James I. on credit " to wear at divers
times on days of great solemnity." It was
afterwards sold to Charles I., by whom it
was transmuted into funds for securing the
safety of Henrietta Maria and her children
during the Civil War.
There are many other instances of Sir
Paul Pindar's generosity and benefactions,
and of his loyalty to Charles I. when that
monarch was in difficulties. But of all his
144
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. FEB. 25, 1911,
great acquisitions, nothing, even so early as
1683, remained but his epitaph engraved in
modest style upon black marble over the
grave in St. Botolph's : —
Sir Paul Pindar, Kt.
His Majesty's Ambassador to the Turkish
Emperor
Anno Dom. 1611, and Nine Years Resident.
Faithful in Negotiations, Foreign and Domestjck ;
Eminent for Piety, Charity, Loyalty, and
Prudence.
An Inhabitant Twenty-six Years, and bountifull
Benefactor
to this Parish.
He died the 22d of August, 1650,
Aged 84 years.
Thomas Pyndar, Esq., son of Sir Paul,
had for a short time possession of Nerquis
House in Flintshire by marriage with Miss
Wynne, heiress of the place. Their son
Paul was created a baronet in 1662, and
as he died single, the estate devolved by
maternal right to Paul Williams, Esq., of
Pont-y-gwyddel. On the death of Edward
Williams, Esq., in 1737, it fell to his sister,
relict of Robert Hyde, Esq.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
(To be continued.")
GRAY'S ' ELEGY ' :
TRANSLATIONS AND PARODIES.
(See ante, p. 62.)
II. PARODIES AND IMITATIONS.
See 2 S. xii. 128; 3 S. i. 112, 197, 220,
255, 339, 355, 398, 432 ; ii. 17, 55, 199 ;
6 S. viii. 107 ; ix. 509 ; x. 37, 112, 239 ;
8 S. iii. 44 ; 9 S. vii. 8 ; 10 S. ii. 175 : v. 406.
English.
Alfred. ' Alas ! Poor Fallen Sir Francis !
Elegy written in Westminster Hall.' In The
Morning Post, 20 May, 1811. Cf. 3 S. ii. 17 ;
5 S. iii. 44.
' The Author ' (a parody on the Epitaph).
One stanza quoted by Walter Hamilton,
* Parodies of the Works of English and Ame-
rican Authors,' January, 1888, part 50, p. 42.
William Lisle Bowles. ' Elegy written at the
Hotwells, Bristol, July, 1789.' London, Cadell
6 Davies (what date ?). Two stanzas quoted by
Hamilton, 077. tit., p. 44.
Michael Bruce. ' Elegy, written in Spring.'
In Pratt, ' Cabinet of Poetry,' 1808, v. 429-31.
John Brandish. ' An Elegy on a Family-
Tomb.' Cambridge, 1783.
C. 'An Elegy, written in a London Church-
yard.' In ' The Annual Anthology,' 1800, pp.
247-53. Cf. 9 S. vii. 8. Apparently a mere
revision of ' An Elegy in a London Churchyard,'
an The Morning Post, 18 July, 1799. See below.
Lord Chelmsford. ' Circuit Elegy.' Copies
were printed and sent to the Bar Mess, 12 Jiily,
1881. Eeprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 36-7.
Corporal Trim. ' Nocturnal Contemplations
in Barham-Down Camp, 1795.' In The Gentle-
man's Magazine, June, 1801, Ixxi. 549-50. Re-
printed in ' The Port Folio,' 1801, i. 352, and in
L. D.'s edition of the ' Elegy ' with a French
translation, 1806, where it is signed H.
' Cremorne : an Elegy.' In Funny Folks, 1878.
Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 36.
John Cunningham. ' An Elegy on a Pile of
Ruins.' London, 1761.
J. S. Dalton. ' Pensive in a Boneyard.' In
' Lyra Bicyclia,' 1885.
Thomas "Dibdin. 'Woes of Change; or, The
Lachrymatory Lament of Laudator Temporis
(et Rerum). Act i.' In The Comic Magazine,
vol. i. 1832.
William Dobson (3 S. ii. 55) quotes from memory
a parody of the Epitaph published at the time of
the Reform Bill agitation. Can any one now
supply the reference ?
[Hugh Downman.] ' An Elegy wrote under a
Gallows.' London, [1770 ?1.
John Buncombe. ' An Elegy written in Canter-
bury Cathedral.' Canterbury, 1778. Merely a
loose imitation.
Same. ' An Evening Contemplation in a
College.' London, 1753. The first of the long
series of parodies. Reprinted as by "An
Oxonian " in 1776 (cf. 2 S. xii. 128).
Edward. ' Elegy.' In The Mirror, 26 Feb.,
1825, v. 131-2.
Thomas Edwards. Additional stanzas for the
1 Elegy.' In The Gentleman's Magazine, March,
1782, Iii. 120.
' Elegy.' In ' The Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed.,
1763, vi." 68-70.
' Elegy.' In The Mirror, 1825, v. 131.
' An Elegy in a London Churchyard.' In
The Morning Post, 18 July, 1799. Cf. 3 S. i. 356.
1 An Elegy in Imitation of Gray.' Written in the
King's Bench Prison, by a Minor. London, 1790.
' Elegy in St. Stephen's Chapel.' In ' The New
Tory Guide,' London, 1819.
' Elegy on a Betting Office.' In Diogenes,
1853. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 31.
' Elegy on a Pair of Breeches.' In ' The
British Minerva,' Hamburgh, 1818. Reprinted
by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 22.
' An Elegy on Cremation.' In Scribner's
Monthly, July, 1875.
' Elegy on the Death of Bow-Fair, 1823.'
In The Mirror, 1823. Reprinted by Hamilton,
op. cit., p. 23.
' An Elegy on the Death of The Guardian Out-
witted.' London, 1765.
1 An Elegy on the Departed Season.' In
Banter, September, 1867. Reprinted by Hamil-
ton, op. cit., pp. 47-8.
' Elegy, Supposed to be written on a Field of
Battle.' London, 1818. Loosely imitative.
' Elegy written among the Tombs in West-
minster Abbey.' In Bell's ' Fugitive Poetry,'
London, 1789, 'ix. 36-42.
' An Elogy written at a Carthusian Monastery
in the Austrian Netherlands.' London, 1775.
' Elegy written in a College Library.' In
Sir J. H. Moore's ' Elegant Extracts from the
British Poets,' 1824. Reprinted by Hamilton,
op. cit., pp. 22-3.
ii s. in. FEB. 25, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
145
' An Elegy, written in a London Churchyard.'
By a Tradesman in the Vicinity. In Punch,
1849, xvii. 111. Cf. 3 S. i. 220. In slightly
altered form reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 31.
' Elegy written in a Railway Station.' In
Punch, 1853, xxiv. 88. Cf. 3 S. i/339.
' Elegy written in a Town Church Yard.' In
' The Yorkshirernan's Comic Annual,' 1885.
Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 41-2.
' Elegy written in Bartlemy Fair, at Five
o'clock in the Morning.' In The Morning
Chronicle, 14 Sept., 1812. Cf. 3 S. i. 356.
' An Elegy written in Covent Garden.' London,
[1765 ?]. Cf. 3 S. i. 356 ; ii. 199 ; 6 S. viii. 107 ;
x. 37, 112, 239.
' Elegy written in Poets' Corner, "Westminster
Abbey.' In The Spirit of Ihe Public Journals,
1802, vi. 131-2. Cf. 3 S. ii. 17.
' Elegy written in Rotten Row by a Discon-
solate Swell.' In Funny Folks, 12 August,
1876. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 34-5*
' An Elegy written in St. Bride's Church-Yard,
on Tuesday the Third of January, 1769.' London,
1769.
' Elegy written in the House of Commons.'
in Echoes from the Clubs, 24 July, 1867. Reprinted
by Hamilton, op cit., pp. 33-4.
' An Elegy written in Westminster Hall.' See
Alfred.
' An Elegy written in Westminster Hall during
the Ixmg Vacation.' In The Repository, 1777,
ii. 77-82.
' Elegy written near a Suburban Station House.'
By a Ticket-of-Leave Man. In Punch, 1856,
xxxi. 217. Cf. 3 S. i. 197.
' An Elegy written on a Poor, Honest Man,'
&c. In The Gentleman's Magazine, 1775, xlv.
339-40.
' Epitaph on a Late Administration.' In
The Morning Chronicle, 18 January, 1811. Re-
printed by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 18.
' Epitaph on a Noted Highwayman.' In The
Spirit of the Public Journals, vol. x., 1806. Re-
printed by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 39.
' Epitaph on " The Pic-Nic." ' In The Morning
Post, 1803. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 39.
CLARK S. NORTHUP.
Munich.
(To be concluded.)
These may be added : —
Italian.
Giuseppe Torelli. In ' Consiglio ad un Giovane
Poeta del Sig. Sherlock,' 4th ed., London, 1780,
pp. 111-21.
Latin.
Elegia in Ccemeterio rustico scripta, numeris
elegiacis Latine reddita. Auctore Coll. Cant.
Alumno. 8vo, 13 leaves, 1776.
Gray's Elegy ; translated into Latin Ovidian
Verse. By the Author of ' Lacon.' 2nd ed.,
8vo, 7 leaves, London, 1822. The second title
says " C. C. Colton."
Gray's Elegy translated into Latin verse, in-
cluding the author's rejected stanzas, together
with Dr. Edwards's additional lines. By D. B.
Hickie. London, A. J. Valpy, 1823. "8vo, 12
leaves. Signed D. Bamfield Hickie, Bracon-
dale, nr Norwich, 10 Dec., 1822. Dedicated to
Sheffield Grace of the Inner Temple.
W. C. B.
With reference to the query about
Zhukovsky's Russian translation of Gray's
' Elegy,' may I refer to my note on the subject
at 10 S. v. 357 ?
FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.
V. A. Zhukovsky's version of Gray's
' Elegy,' mentioned ante, p. 64, is in most
of the reading books recommended by the
Russian Minister of Education. It is usually
among the poems selected for the pupils to
learn by heart. In most Russian antho-
logies this translation is to be found.
The Italian translations by Cesarotti and
by Torelli, referred to on p. 63, and the
Latin version by Costa (ibid.), were repub-
lished at Parma in 1793 in a quarto volume
entitled * Elegia inglese sopra un Cimitero
campestre, con due vers. italiane di G.
Torelli, Melch. Cesarotti, ed altra lat. di
G. Costa.' This edition is mentioned in the
' Dictionnaire Bibliographique,' published
in Paris in 1824.
Perhaps Count Algarotti (1712-64), a
friend of Gray and admirer of his poetry,
translated the ' Elegy ' into Italian. His
complete works were published in 1811 at
Venice in seventeen volumes, and reprinted
in 1891-4. H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
The following fact may interest MR.
CLARK S. NORTHUP. In 1880 there appeared
at Rotterdam ' Th. Gray, Het graf. Elegie.
Uit het Engelsch door J. van Krieken,' 8vo.
A. E. H. SWAEN.
Groningen.
THE PRINCE OF WALES AS CHURCH-
WARDEN.— King Edward VII., when Prince
of WTales, was the first heir apparent to the
throne to be admitted a churchwarden.
The Rev. T. T. Perowne, Rector of Reden-
hall, Norfolk, had the unique honour
of admitting the Prince officially to the
churchwardenship of Sandringham, and the
Archdeacon's Articles of Inquiry were
always signed by his Royal Highness. The
Prince acted as Minister's Churchwarden,
with Sir Dighton Probyn as his colleague.
Certainly no parish in England ever before
had the heir apparent for its churchwarden.
FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.
KEATS, HAMPSTEAD, AND SIR C. W.
DILKE. — Reference has been already made in
'N & Q.' (9 S. ii. 90, 167) to the poet's asso-
ciations with this salubrious suburb. It is
interesting to learn that the unique collection
of relics formed by the late Sir Charles
146
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. FEB. 25, 1911.
Dilke are now to find a permanent home
there, in accordance with the wishes of
the lamented baronet. Hitherto, as we
know, they have been exhibited at the
Chelsea Public Library. It is anticipated
that the treasures of books, letters, and
manuscripts will find shelter at one of the
numerous libraries of Hampstead. The
Central Library in the Finchley Road has
been suggested. But it may be thought
more appropriate to choose the branch
in the Worsley Road as being nearest to
Keats' Grove (formerly John Street), with its
imperishable memories of the gifted poet.
CECIL CLARKE.
" SCAVENGER " AND " SCAVAGER." — In
a review of two sections of the 'N.E.D.'
(ante, p. 98) it is said that " scavenger " is
altered from " scavager " with intrusive n.
I am not able to consult the ' N.E.D.,' but
think it likely that this theory is based on
Mr. Riley's statement that
" the City Scavagers, it appears, were originally
public officers, whose duty it was to attend at the
Hythes and Quays for the purpose of taking
custom upon the Scavage (i.e., Showage) or open-
ing out of imported goods. . . .These officers, no
doubt, gave name to the ' Scavengers ' of the
present day."
Dr. Round quotes this passage (from the
introduction to the ' Liber Albus,' p. xli) in
his * Commune of London,' and remarks
that " no evidence whatever is adduced by
Mr. Riley for his assertion that the * Sca-
vagers ' originally performed the above
duty or had anything to do with it "
(pp. 256-7). Has any evidence for the
" scavage " theory been discovered, and
if so, where is it to be found ?
No doubt the 'N.E.D.' has given due
weight to the important document "printed
by Dr. Round (ibid., pp. 255-6), which
proves that early in the thirteenth century
the Scavengers were appointed to act as
inspectors of the watch : —
" Debent autem escavingores eligi qui singulis
diebus a vigilia Nat[alis] domini usque ad diem
epyphanie videant illos qui debent de nocte
vigilare quod sint homines defensi biles et decenter
ad hoc armati Et si aliqua defalta in custodia
contigerit, escavingores debent illos 'inbreviare et
ad primum hustingum vicecomitibus tradere."
The document in question is assigned by
Dr. Round to 1213. G. H. WHITE. *
St. Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
[See Prof. Skeat's ' Etymological Dictionary,' Ed.
4, 1910.J
"FENELONS" OR "TAB SLIPPERS."—
Your reviewer in his very interesting notes
on the ' N.E.D.' (ante, p. 99) writes, " Simple
things are not always easy to define,"
instancing " tab," a short strap or projecting
part, &c. It may not be known that " tab
slippers " are slippers made with a tongue
or flap reaching into the instep. They were
formerly known as " Fenelon slippers,"
called after the famous preacher, for what
reason I have never been able to find out.
Ladies used to be very partial to " tab
slippers" on account of the ease of " fitting-
on," but they seem now to have discarded
them in favour of bar shoes, with straps'
over the instep. Most gentlemen's slippers
still retain " the tab " or flap.
M. L. R. BRESLAR.
* N.E.D.' : MISSING WORDS IN ' Si —
SIMPLE.' — I have sought in vain for the
following words in the section referred to :
Silvate, Silvic (see Rennie's ' New Supple-
ment to the Pharmacopoeias,' 1837 :
" Silvates are formed by silvic acid like
pinates ") ; Sikimin (see Greenish' s ' Materia
Medica,' 1899, under ' Star Anise Fruit ' :
" The poisonous constituent is the crys-
talline principle sikimin"). C. C. B.
MARRIAGE ON 30 FEBRUARY. — The note
of the Jersey tombstone with the date of
31 April (see US. ii. 524) recalls a similar
curiosity. In the registers of Kirkburton,
Yorks, * in February, 1640/41, there were
three children baptized on " the xxviijth " ;
and the concluding entry is
George Beardsall and Martha Roberts marled
the xxxth.
The next entry is a baptism on 7 March
(' The Parish Registers of Kirkburton,' i. 234).
A. RHODES.
[For other instances of 30 February see 10 S. i.
166, 233 : vii. 146, 216 ; viii. 330.]
HERTFORDSHIRE MONUMENTAL INSCRIP-
TIONS.— I may state that another Hundred
of Hertfordshire (see 11 S. i. 205)— that of
Broadwater — is now completed, and the list
of inscriptions in each parish has been
transcribed, bound, and indexed. Inquiries
will be freely answered if a stamped and
addressed envelope is enclosed.
Typed indexes of the surnames in each
Hundred have been presented to the British
Museum Library. W. B. GERISH.
Bishop's Stortford.
MRS. BOOTH, ACTRESS. — On 4 September,
1803, the Rev. Joseph Benson, a Methodist,
preaching at Lambeth, " gave the congre-
gation an interesting account of the con-
version and happy death of Mrs. Booth,
once a noted actress, of great comic powers
ii s. m. FEB. 25, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
147
and popularity." Some details follow, and
mention is made of the fire at Astley's
Amphitheatre, " within a few yards of the
chapel, the other night" ('Memoirs,' by
Richard Treffry, 1840, pp. 261-2).
W. C. B.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
ARNOLFINI FAMILY. — Mr. W. H. James
Weale and other critics have from time to
time published biographical details in regard
to' Jan Arnolfini, whose portrait was twice
painted by Jan van Ey ck, and La Borde quoted
documents referring to " Jehan Arnoulphin,
marchant de Lucques, demourant a Bruges."
It may perhaps be as well to place on
record the following inscription that I lately
read on a tablet on a house in the Via del
Duomo at Lucca. Unfortunately, I copied
only part of it : —
" Qui Visse Gio. Attilio Arnolfini, uomo di
Vasta mente e di larghi concetti. MDCCXXXIII —
MDCCLXXXIl."
Do any of your readers know whether it is
possible to trace the descent of Giovanni
Attilio Arnolfini from the man whose
features are preserved to us in the portraits
in the National Gallery and at Berlin ?
MAUBICE W. BROCKWELL.
"GEORGE INN" AT WOBURN. — In the
Court of Requests temp. Elizabeth reference
is made to "the George Inn" at Woburn,
Beds. Can any of your readers inform me
whether this inn is still in existence ?
TT r^ -ri
Christchurch, N.Z.
" PRO PATRIA EST DTJM LUDERE VIDEMUR."
— Biichmann has not this saying at all ;
King ranks it among the Adespota. Can it
really not be traced back to its author ?
It would be a pity. As long as PROF.
BENSLY has not pronounced judgment, the
case is not hopeless ; so I appeal to his vast
learning. G. KRUEGER.
Berlin.
REV. STEPHEN RADCLIFFE, D.D. — I
should be glad of any information concerning
the family history of the Rev. Stephen
Radcliffe, D.D., Vicar of Naas, co. Kildare,
who died December, 1732. E. G. COCK.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Who is the author of the following lines,
and to whom do they refer ?
A Scot and a Jesuit hand in hand
First taught the world to say
That peoples ought to have the power,
And princes should obey.
Also, who is the author of the following,
which is quite worthy of Burns ?
When Nature makes a man a king,
Nae croon needs she to gie Mm.
She claps a trade mark on his broo,
An' sends his patent wi' 'im.
W. E. WILSON.
Ha wick.
Can you help me to trace a quotation which
seems very familiar, but which I cannot find?
I may not have the exact words, but it is
something like this : " Out of the — — -
and waspish word ' No ' to pluck the sting."
T T? TJ1 C*
J. K. r . <JT.
The captain's little daughter took her father by
the hand :
" Is not God upon the water as well as on the
land ? "
M. A. B.
In the forties I read as a boy the following
verse in Chambers' s Journal. Who wrote it ?
Good reader, I this little booke
Writ with one gray goose quill ;
A pen it was when it I tooke,
A pen I leave it still.
G. C.
' SATURDAY REVIEW ' AND THE SAXONS. —
" Alfred belongs to a state of society (I say
it with all deference to The Saturday Eevieio
critic who keeps such jealous watch over the
honour of our Saxon ancestors) half -barbarous."
— M. Arnold, ' Essay on Marcus Aurelius.'
Who was The Saturday Review critic,
or, at any rate, how, and in what numbers,
did he protect the honour of our Saxon
ancestors ?
[Probably E. A. Freeman.]
BISHOP OF DURHAM AND THE CURATE. —
" We must pause, lest our readers reject us,
as the Bishop of Durham the poor curate, because
he was ' mystical and confused.' " — Walter
Bagehot, ' Essay on Shakespeare.'
Who was the Bishop, and where is the
story told ?
THE THIRTY-NINE ARTICLES.—
" A great divine tells us that^the Thirty-Nine
Articles are ' forms of thought.' " — 7/m/.
Who was the great divine, and where
did he say this ? GEORGE SAMPSON.
148
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. 25, 1911.
SIB ANDREW JUDD. — Is there any portrait
in existence of Sir Andrew Judd or Judde ?
He was born at Barden, Tonbridge ; Lord
Mayor 1550 ; six times Master of the
Skinners' Company ; founder of Tonbridge
School ; a Muscovy merchant ; defended
London successfully at the time of Wyatt's
rebellion; died in 1558, and was buried in
St. Helen's Church, Bishopsgate. Apparently
no print or engraving exists of him.
J. POLAND.
Skinners' Hall, E.G.
LITANY : SPITTING AND STAMPING THE
FEET. — Mr. W. Buckley Jones of Cefn
Bryntalch, Montgomeryshire, gives me per-
mission to send the following note written
in pencil in his father's bound first volume
of the third series of Archceologia Cambrensis
(1855) :—
" Habit to spit and stamp the feet in the
Litany — when we pray to beat down Satan under
our feet 234. It was the custom of the Revd
Llewellin Davies, Rector of Llanmerewig."
The Rev. Llewelyn Davies was Rector of
that parish in Montgomeryshire 1794-1827,
when he died and was buried in it. There
is a tablet to his memory in the church of
St. Harmon's, Radnorshire.
Can the spitting be connected with
the classical spitting to avert " fascinatio "
or the evil eye ? Are other instances known
of the habit ? BASIL EVAN JONES.
University College, Oxford.
REV. EDWARD YOUNG. (See 4 S. ix. 63.) —
Since I became rector of this parish I have
had many inquiries made respecting Edward
Young, author of the ' Night Thoughts,' who
was born here. The last received is one
concerning his only son, Frederick, who was
living at Welwyn in 1781. His daughter
Elizabeth was married at Gretna Green to
a Mr. Haine, circa December, 1781.
When did F. Young die, and did his
daughter leave any children ? If so, is any
representative of the family living now ?
E. L. H. TEW.
Uphara Rectory.
NUNNINGTON CHURCH DEDICATION : ST.
ANNE CHANGED TO ALL SAINTS. — The dedica-
tion of Nunnington Church is to All Saints
e.nd St. James.
Village feasts, I believe, are generally
coincident with the church's saint's days ;
but Nunnington Feast is on the 5th of
August, which is neither All Saints' Day nor
St. James's Day.
Dr. Atkinson, the Master of Clare College,
Cambridge, stated, as I am told, that at the
Reformation dedications to St. Anne were
changed to All Saints. Am I right in con-
cluding that, in consequence of the deletion
of 10 or 11 days from the calendar in 1752,
the original dedication of Nunnington
Church was to St. Anne (26 July) and St.
James (25 July) ?
Can any one kindly give me the authority
for Dr. Atkinson's statement ?
WM. COLLINS.
Nunnington Rectory, York.
PEWTER CHURCH FLAGON, 1734. — I have
a pewter church flagon with the inscription
" Richard Cock, Church Warden, 1734,"
I am anxious to find the church from which
it came, with a view to its return at my
death, or sooner if I discontinue collecting
pewter. It was purchased in Suffolk.
CHAS. G. J. PORT.
1, West Mansion, Worthing.
NAPOLEON AND MLLE. ELIZABETH Pou-
LYNE. — In a book recently published by Mr.
Eveleigh Nash, called ' Recollections of a
Society Clairvoyant,' it is stated that the
Emperor fell in love with this lady when
he was at Erfurt in September, 1809. Miss
Poulyne is said to have been gifted with
** extraordinary psychic powers and the
uncanny gift of second sight." Napoleon
called her ".ma petite sorciere," and she
prophesied his disaster in Russia.
His letters to the lady are alleged to have
been sold to a collector after her death in
1881.
Is there any corroboration of this story,
and where are these letters now ?
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
THOMAS MORRES JONES is described, in
Burke' s 'Landed Gentry' for 1882 as "the
Bumper Squire Jones of Carolan's Muse."
should be glad to learn further particulars of
him. When was he born ? Whom and
when did he marry ? When in December,
1769, did he die ? G. F. R. B.
JEAN VOLE'S ' LES ARRIVANTS.' — ' Les
Arrivants,' p. 76, by Jean Vole, reads : —
"Mme. Guitton met la dernieremain au convert,
qui s'etalait sur une belle nappe a chemin de table
ouvrage," &c.
Can any of your readers construe this ?
J. M.
" OWNS " : " BLITHERING." — What are
the meaning and derivation of the words
" owns " (" blood and owns ") and " blither-
ing " ("blithering baboon") in Shaw's
' The Devil's Disciple ' ? SPRING.
Vienna.
[Owns - wounds.]
ii s. in. FEB. 25, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
149
"TEAPOY ": " CELL ABETTE . " — In ' The
Warden ' by Trollope, in the account of the
Warden leaving Hiram's Hospital anc
removing his furniture, two things are men
tioned : his daughter's " teapoy " and his
" cellarette." I have heard the latter term
given to a drawer in a sideboard where
bottles are kept, but do not know it as a
separate piece of furniture. What is a
"teapoy"? is it an old name for a tea
caddy ? MABIE L. DUABTE.
[A "teapoy" is a three-legged table with a lift
ing top, enclosing tea-caddies, or a small stand for
holding teacup, sugar-basin, cream-jug, &c. Ogilvie's
' Imperial Dictionary ' quotes Yule to the effect that
the name has no relation to tea, but is an Anglo
Indian importation, a corruption of the Persian
sipai, tripos, and meaning a three-legged table or
tripod generally. The ' N.E.D.' includes both mean
ings of " cellarette."]
ALBEBTUS A LASCO. — Can any reader
kindly inform me where I can find particu-
lars relating to the life of Albertus a Lasco,
a Polish Palatine, who visited England in the
time of Elizabeth ? SCYTHIAN.
[The ' D.N.B.,' under Laski or k Lasco, John, says :
" Albertus Laski, palatine of Siradz in Bohemia,
probably a nephew of the reformer, visited England
in 1583, and nearly ruined himself by searching for
the philosopher's stone with John Dee and Edward
Kelley." Reference is made to 2 S. x. 332, where
JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS supplies further interesting
information about Albertus.]
GBATIOUS OB GBACINES STBEET = GBACE-
CHUBCH STBEET. — When did the change in
the name of this street take place ?
In a pamphlet ' The Nine Worthies of
London,' &c., 1592, in Harleian Miscell.,
vol. viii. p. 436, it is Gracious Street. In
' God's Warning to his People of England by
the great overflowing of the waters or
Floudes lately hapned in South Wales,' &c.,
the pamphlet is to be sold in Gratious
Street.
I have also found the name on several
pewter plates of about 1700. J. JESSON.
CBEVEQUEB OF BEBEFOBD. — The name of
this place was used to distinguish one
branch of the great Kentish family. Where
is it ? OLD SABUM.
WOBTLEY-MONTAGU. — WTio was Catherine,
married by licence 16 September, 1737, at
St. Paul's, Exeter, to Henry Ashe of Sowton,
Devon ? It would seem to be a mere
coincidence that Edward, the notorious eon
of the celebrated Lady Mary, in 1751
married a Miss Ashe, as that lady, reputed
to be the daughter of "a high personage,"
had nothing to do with the highly respectable
county family. OLD SABUM.
QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFOBD : FELLOW IN
1625. — In the burials of Meysey Hampton,
Gloucestershire, occurs the following : —
" Edmond Minister, Master of Arts, and
fellow of Queen's College, Oxford, buried Nov. 4,
1625."
Can any one oblige me with the surname
of the above ? It is the first entry in the
register, and indistinct.
R. J. FYNMOBE.
Sandgate.
ABSINTHE -DBINKING : ITS OBIGIN. — This
practice undoubtedly dates from the French
wars in Algeria (1832-47) ; but while M.
Anselmier, a French physician, states in a
pamphlet published in 1862 that the French
soldiers on service in Algeria took to drinking
absinthe mixed with water because they
had no wine or beer, ' The Encyclopaedia
Britannica ' (tenth edition) says that they
were ordered to mix it with their wine as a
febrifuge. Can any one inform me, stating
also his authority, which of these accounts
is the correct one ? H. M.
EAB-PIEBCING. — Can any reader give
information on this somewhat curious
subject, especially in relation to the practice
of piercing boys' ears, whether in connexion
with initiatory rites or otherwise ? Does the
custom survive in any part of Europe at the
present time, and in what manner is it com-
monly performed ? The subject is interest-
ing and has its bearings both on archaeological
and anthropological research. E. H. C.
VANISHING LONDON:
PROPRIETARY CHAPELS.
(US. ii. 202, 254, 293, 334.)
THBOUGH the courtesy of Mr. Harry W.
l,ee, the Chapter Clerk and Registrar to the
Bishop of London, and Prebendary Glen-
dinning Nash, the editor of ' The London
Diocese Book,' I am able to give the follow-
ng complete list of Proprietary Chapels
.vithin the diocese of London, asked for by
MB. CECIL CLABKE at the second reference.
There are Proprietary Chapels in other
dioceses, but Mr. Nash has no particulars
)f these.
Mr. Nash's name will always be associated
with that of Christina Rossetti, for during
her last illness he was her daily visitor,
and it was to Christ Church, Woburn Square,
150
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. 25, mi.
where he was at that time the minister, that
her remains were carried on Wednesday,
the 2nd of January, 1895, previous to their
interment in Highgate Cemetery. Mr. Nash
originated the memorial to her in the church,
and the reredos filled with paintings by
Burne - Jones perpetuates her association
there. In a note in ' N. & Q.' for November
2nd, 1901 (9 S. viii. 361), it was stated that
the cross given by her aunt Eliza Polidori,
which occupied a position in front of the
reredos, had been stolen.
PROPRIETARY CHAPELS WITHIN THE DIOCESE OF
LONDON.
Emanuel Chapel, Park Street, Chelsea.
S. John's Chapel, Downshire Hill.
Brunswick Chapel, Upper Berkeley Street.
S. Peter's Chapel, Buckingham Gate.
West Street Chapel, Seven Dials,
Rain's Chapel, Homerton.
Foundling Chapel, Guilford Street, W.C.
CHAPELS PULLED DOWN OR DIVERTED.
Bedford Chapel, Bloomsbury.
Belgrave Chapel, near Eaton Square.
Berkeley Chapel, Mayfair.
Bridewell Chapel, Blackfriars.
Curzon Chapel, Mayfair.
Eaton Chapel, Eaton Square.
Hanover Church, Regent Street.*
* The demolition has enabled the patrons of
Hanover Church, the Rector and Churchwardens
of S. George, Hanover Square, to promote the
building and endowment of S. Anselm, Davies
Street.
Montpelier Chapel, Brompton.f
Montpelier Chapel, Twickenham.
Percy Chapel, Tottenham Court Road.
Rolls Chapel, Chancery Lane.
S. Andrew, Tavistock Place.
S. Etheldreda, Ely Place.
S. George, Albemarle Street.
S. James, Westmoreland Street. ||
S. James, York Street.
S. John, Bedford Row.
S. Mark, Long Acre.
S. Mary, Park Street .J
S. Matthew, Spring Gardens.
Trinity Chapel, Conduit Street. §
S. Paul. Great Portland Street. |]
S. Philip, Regent Street. TJ
CHAPELS ACQUIRED AND CONSECRATED.
The following Proprietary or other Chapels,
among others, have during the past century
been acquired. By Orders in Council legal
parishes have been assigned, and in many cases
endowments provided.
t Now used as a Church school for Holy Trinity*
Brompton, and All Saints', Knightsbridge.
J The late Duke of Westminster, who was the
freeholder, subsequently built at his sole expense
S. Mary, Bourdon Street, as a chapel of ease to
S. George, Hanover Square.
§ The site has been leased, and the annual rental
augments the value of several benefices in the
ancient parish of S. George, Hanover Square.
|| The proceeds of the sale of the sites has been
assigned far endowed curacies and for other
purposes.
T[ The proceeds 'of the sale chiefly augment
benefices within the ancient parish of S. James,
Piccadillv.
Former Name.
Dedication.
Population
of Parish
Accommo-
assigned.
dation.
East India Chapel
S. Matthias, Poplar
4,437
950
Archdeacon Tenison's C
Christ Chapel . .
lapel
S. Thomas, Regent Street
Emmanuel, Maida Vale . .
2,194
9,742
750
640
Fitzroy Chapel . .
S. Saviour, Fitzroy Square
5,234
800
Portman Chapel
S. Bartholomew. .
S. Paul, Portman Square
S. Bartholomew, Gray's Inn Rd
4,600
6,311
1,100
2,000
S. Paul, Kilburn
S, Paul, Kilburn . . '
2,173
750
S. Mary, Greek Street
S. Mary the Virgin, Soho
4,097
500
S. Mary, North End
S. Mary, North End
.
6,235
1,000
Tredegar Chapel, Stepn
Quebec Chapel . .
y
Holy Trinity
Church of the Annunciation
•
14,974
3,408
900
1,200
Wheler Chapel ..
S. Mary, Spital Square . .
•
3,720
450
The union of the following parishes has been sanctioned : — -
S. John and S. Saviour, Fitzroy Square,
and the following effected : —
S. Paul, Covent Garden, and S. Michael, Burleigh Street.
S. Pancraa and All Saints, Gordon Square.
As a result, one of, the churches in each case will be taken down or diverted.
JOHN COLUNS FRANCIS.
ii s. in. FEB. 25, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
151
MANSEL FAMILY (US. ii. 269, 533).— MB.
A. C. JONAS' s lengthy reply on this " family "
prompts me to offer a word of warning to
your readers.
There is no family of Mansel, but there is a
series of families of this name, between
which under strict conditions of research no
connexion can be traced.
The name occurs very early in our public
records and very frequently in many counties,
notably Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Glouces-
ter, York, Hereford, Bedford, Buckingham,
Leicester, where, and in other counties, we
find distinct families bearing the name in the
twelfth century and in the sixteenth, and
covering all ranks of life.
In the early period the name is an " emi-
grant " one, like " Scot " and " Fleming,"
and simply means an emigrant from Maine.
Even in this period, however, there is at
least one other source, for the Mantels of
Little Missenden, Bucks, sometimes were
spelt Mauncell and even Maunsell ; but it is
possible to trace this family down to 1500,
and all through it is distinct from the several
families of Mansel and Maunsell in Bucks
and Bedford.
In the case of the families we meet later
(fifteenth and sixteenth centuries) the
derivation is not so certain, as they are in
several cases long associated with places
called Malmeshull (Mansill) and Mannesle,
Mansle, with the variants Mansfelt or Mans-
field. This shows a pure Saxon origin —
a fact which has been hitherto overlooked by
historians and students of patronymics,
who never suspected a multiple origin for
such a simple name with its clear and obvious
interpretation as " a man from Maine."
We can say with fair certainty that the
Maunsells of Buckingham and Northampton-
shire (see the interesting article in Oswald
Barron's ' Northamptonshire Families,' 1906,
and G. E. Cokayne in Genealogist, N.S. xix.),
who include the Mansels of Cosgrove (whence
Dean Mansel of St. Paul's) and the Irish
landed gentry of the name (cf. Burke's
* Irish Landed Gentry ' and R. G. Maunsell' s
history of Maunsell), have no ascertainable
connexion with the Mansels of Gower
(Glamorgan) in Wales, who probably were
connected with the family of that name in
Somerset.
For this Welsh family, which includes the
Lords and Baronets Mansel, see W. W.
Mansel's book, and the articles in the
various volumes of Burke (' Extinct Peerage,'
' Baronetage,' ' Landed Gentry ' ) and R. G.
Maunsell' s volume, all of which, however,
combine the various distinct families in
accordance with the old heraldic tradition.
The arms of most of the families are three
manches (mancele, the old French for a
sleeve or manch), which is merely canting
heraldry, and in the case of the Bucking-
ham family cannot be traced far back.
The most prominent bearer of the name
was John Maunsell, Provost of Beverley,
Chancellor of St. Paul's, Treasurer of York,
Keeper of the Great Seal, the first Secretary
of State, and the favourite of King Henry III.
His life in the ' Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy ' needs the following corrections and
additions.
There were three John Mansells king's
clerks to Henry III. : —
1. John the Provost, &c.
2. His " kinsman " John, who was Pre-
bendary of Fenton, Canon of Wells, and held
the temporalities of York and Durham.
See for him Patent Rolls under dates 1263,
8 March ; 1259, 11 Sept. ; 1260, 17 Aug. ;
1258, 1 Dec. ; 1264, 14 Dec. ; 1265, 16 Nov. ;
1266, 16 Jan. (contrasted with 1265, 12
and 24 Nov.). The Inq. Post-Mortem that
is extant refers to him.
3. John, nephew of the Provost. Cf.
Patent Roll 1259, 28 Oct. ; 1263, 10 Jan.,
&c.
John the Provost was the son of a deacon
by an irregular marriage with Amabel
(' Calendar of Papal Letters,' vol. i. p. 362,
and Charter Rolls, 1268, 5 Dec.). This
Amabel is not the Amabel of Ripon who in
the Inq. P.-M. of John No. 2 is named as
a relation (see Charter Roll cited and
Pat. Rolls 1266, 11 Aug.). His sister Emma
married AJard le Fleming, and subse-
quently, Henry de Legh (see ' Calendar of
Charter Rolls ').
John the Provost died about 20 Jan.,
1265 (' Annals of London,' in Rolls Series,
Chron. Ed. I. and II., and ' Register of Arch-
bishop W. Giffard of York,' Surtees Society,
pp. 78, 79). His name appears frequently
in the patents of 1264 as that of an active
politician, and in February, 1265, the grant-
ing away of all his posts begins.
Books hitherto printed are full of errors
concerning him. The most trustworthy
guide is the ' Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy ' with the above additions and
corrections. In using the Patent (&c.) Rolls
Calendars concerning him note that the com-
pilers of the indexes have hopelessly con-
fused the three Johns, who are now separated
for the first time.
152
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. 23, 1911.
It is hardly necessary to add that John
was not " Lord Chief Justice," nor was he
ever married, nor did he leave any heirs of
any kind (see Pat. Rolls, Abbrev. Placit,
Placita de Quo Warranto, &<;.)• This is
only one specimen of the kind of ancient
mistake perpetuated in the reply at the
second reference. D. P. W, MAUNSELL.
LAMB, BURTON, AND FRANCIS SPIERA
(11 S. iii. 61). — Nathaniel Bacon refers to a
writer of the name of " Sigismund Gelous
(or Gelons), a Transilvanian." The name is
evidently disfigured. Sigismund Gelenius
is known, but he was a native of
Bohemia, a classical scholar, and not likely
to indulge in cock-and-bull stories. It is
possible, therefore, that Cromwell's Master of
Requests had in his mind the author who
on the title-page of one of his books calls
himself " Stephanus Katona Gelejinus Un-
garus, Orthodoxus Transsylvanise Epis-
copus," and wrote against " Rabbinos,
Samosatenianos, Socinianos, Francisci-
Davidistas [Unitarians], Anabaptistas, Papis-
tas, Lutheristas," &c. — in a word, against all
people who in matters of theology did not
agree with him. It was probably this book,
the abbreviated title of which is ' Prseconium
Evangelicum,' that Bacon had read. Accord-
ing to the title-page again, the text is illus-
trated (illustratur) " historicofum monu-
mentis, sapientum apophthegmatis, senten-
tijs, allegorijs, similibus et exemplis turn
Sanctorum, turn profanorum selectissimis."
The book was published, in 1638, at Alba
Julia in Transylvania, where the author was
residing (Ecclesise Albensis Antistes). I
do not know of any copy in England.
L. L. K.
GEORGE I.'s STATUES (11 S. ii. 7, 50, 98,
135, 199).— Mr. Charles Dalton in the preface
to his recently published work * George the
First's Army ' puts on record another statue
of George I. I give the note in his own
words : —
" The design on the cover of this book needs a
few words of explanation. It is from a photo
[sic] of George the First's marble statue now in the
-Museum of the Public Record 'Office. There
has been some correspondence lately in Notes and
Queries on the subject of George I.'s statues in
London. The statement was made, in above
periodical, that ' of the four statues of George I.,
in London, only one remains — that on St. George's
steeple, Bloomsbury.' So far as I know, this
assertion has not been contradicted. The statue
in the R. O. Museum represents George I. in the
costume of an ancient Roman. ' It formerly
occupied a niche over the judicial bench of the
court in Rolls House, now demolished. On its
present pedestal is a leaden ^tablet, from the
foundation stone of that building, bearing the
royal arms and inscribed — " G. R., 1717 " ' (Official
Catalogue)."
W. R. B. PRIDEAUX.
GAMNECOURT IN PICARDY : BARBARA DE
BIERLE : ERSKINE OF DUN (11 S. ii. 429,
512 ; iii. 50, 112). — Three entries under date
24 January, 1538/9, " Banket at the Lard of
Dunnis mariage," in the Accounts of the
Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, probably
refer to the second marriage of John
Erskine of Dun, the Superintendent, with
Barbara de Bierle.
By his first wife, Lady Elizabeth Lindsay,
John Erskine had issue at least six sons : —
1. John, Fiar of Dun, m. in or before
1547 Margaret Hoppringle, and d.v.p. s.p.
7 Sept., 1563. His widow m. secondly
Andrew Arbuthnot of Arbuthnot, who d.
6 March, 1606.
2. Robert, who succeeded to Dun.
3. William, of Sheriffbank.
4. James, of Westermorphy, m. Janet
Graham.
5. Mr. Thomas.
6. Alexander, of Turphawly and Schiref-
bank in 1589.
Robert Erskine of Dun succeeded his
father in 1589/90. He m. Katherine, dau.
of Robert Graham of Morphy, and d. 27
Dec., 1590, having had issue —
1. John, of Logie.
2. Samuel, m. circa 1588 Grissell Forrester,
and d. leaving " ane bairn," before 17 Aug.,
1590.
3. Mr. Arthur, m. his first cousin of the
half-blood Margaret Maule, sister of Patrick,
1st Earl of Panmure.
John Erskine of Logie, Fiar of Dun,
according to the " Obits " in the ' Spalding
Club Miscellany,' d. 17 June, 1591 ; but an
old pedigree of the family in my possession
states he predeceased his father Robert.
He m. Agnes, sister of James, Lord Ogilvy of
Airlie, and had issue, with four daughters —
1. John Erskine of Dun, m. 1588 Margaret
Keith, dau. and coheir of Robert, Lord
Altrie, and d. 21 Oct., 1592, leaving issue by
her (who m. secondly Sir John Lindsay of
Ballinscho) —
(1) John Erskine of Dun, d. 23 March,
1610, having m. 1604 Magdalene, dau. of
Sir James Haliburton of Pitcur, and had by
her (who m. secondly John, 1st Earl of North-
esk) an only dau. Margaret, m. circa 30 Oct.,
1622, William Durham of Grange, and had
issue.
(1) Margaret, mentioned in charter of
January, 1604.
n s. m. FEB. 25, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
153
2. David of Logie, who d. before his
nephew John, having m. Jean Maule, his
first cousin once removed of the half-blood
sister of Patrick, 1st Earl of Panmure, and of
Margaret, wife of David's uncle Mr. Arthur
Erskine. He left issue —
(1) John Erskine of Dun, poisoned, it was
alleged, by his uncle Robert Erskine. He
d. 23 May, 1613, setat. about 12 years.
(2) Sir Alexander Erskine of Dun, d. 1667
having m. Margaret Lindsay, dau. of Alex-
ander, 1st Lord Spynie, and left issue, from
whom descend the present families of
Kennedy-Erskine of Dun, West (Erskine),
late of Balhall, and Scott-Erskine of Bal-
hall.
3. Robert, executed 1 Dec., 1613, for the
alleged poisoning of his nephew John (see
Pitcairn's ' Criminal Trials ').
ERSKINE E. WEST.
Cowper Gardens, Dublin.
COWPER'S " GOD MOVES IN A MYSTERIOUS
WAY" (11 S. iii. 10, 58).— At the latter
reference a correspondent states that
" Julian's ' Dictionary of Hymnology,'
p. 1642, says that the verse in MS. runs,
The bud may have a bitter taste,
But wait to smell the flower.
What edition of the ' Dictionary ' is meant ?
In my copy there are not 1642 pp. Further,
I cannot find in the ' Dictionary ' any such
statement as that above quoted. SCOTUS.
[The quotation is from p. 1642 of the 1907
edition, in the New Supplement. The line,
But wait to smell the flower,
h cited in the ' Dictionary of Hymnology ' on the
authority of the late PROF. J. E. B. MAYOR'S con-
tribution at 10 S. ii. 244.]
DICKENS: "SHALLABALAH" (11 S. iii.
68, 111). — May I venture to suggest an
explanation of this word, somewhat in the
line indicated in the query ? Probably
the word was coined by Dickens, but was not
intended to have any intelligible meaning.
It possibly occurred to him through his
recollection of a word used in the Bible. In
Isaiah, chap, viii., the prophet was directed
to write in a great roll, or, perhaps, on a
large smooth board, with a man's pen, that
is, in the character familiar to the common
people, the sonorous-sounding word " Maher-
shalal-hash-baz." It was not a word under-
stood by the people, but was designed to
attract their attention and excite their
curiosity. As Biblical scholars tell us, it
was intended to prepare them for coming
invasion and an impending overthrow of j
their enemies. Probablv the recollection of i
this word " Maher-shalal-hash-baz," and the
purpose it was designed to serve, suggested
to Dickens the word " shallabalah." Like
its Biblical prototype, " shallabalah " was
meant to attract attention and excite
curiosity as to something that was soon to
happen. W. SCOTT.
"THE OLD MOGUL," DRURY LANE (11 S.
iii. 86). — This old sign evidently com-
memorates the " Great Mogul," the chief of
the Moguls or Monguls, who as Emperor of
Delhi ruled over the greater part of Hindo-
stan. In this particular instance the sign
probably dates from the time when Drury
Lane was a fashionable residential neigh-
bourhood, and celebrates the last of the
energetic sovereigns who occupied the
Mogul throne during the seventeenth cen-
tury, namely, Aureng-zebe, whose wealth
and power induced many of the European
sovereigns to send embassies to him with a
view to commercial advantages. The last
nominal Emperor of Hindostan, however,
was dethroned in 1857. Dryden's tragedy
of ' Aurung Zebe ' (1676) is founded on the
great and profoundly hypocritical prince
who reigned from 1658 till 1707, the year of
his death, and it was no doubt during the
latter part of this period that the sign was
set up. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
OUNDLE (11 S. iii. 9, 137).— Please allow
me to explain that the information given
3y MR. EDWARD SMITH at the last reference
s incorrect in three particulars. First, the
ipelling in the charter referred to is not
Jndela, but Undale (Birch, 'Cart. Saxon.,'
36, lines 8 and 12). Secondly, the
date 664 is a clear forgery, as the
harter contains the French word lestage,
e., lastage ('N.E.D.'). And thirdly,
Mr. M'Clure's suggestion that it is "a worn
orm " of Avondale is wholly out of the
question. No one ever yet pronounced the
word avon as oun. What are the imaginary
intermediate forms ?
WALTER W. SKEAT.
THREAD PAPERS (US. iii. 8, 90).— Before
he advent of spools, thread was supplied in
keins. The housewife then cut through
he skein at one end and wrapped it in a
riece of paper with the loop projecting.
["his wrapping was secured by a pin, and the
hreads, thus protected, could be extracted
ingly by their looped ends. Poor Strephon's
verse being probably written on superfine
paper would be appreciated at least for
this purpose; and think of the sentiment,
154
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. FEB. 25, 1911.
" More Labours, More Thread Papers.'' At
least this meant the preservation of the
' Ode to Chloe's Eyebrows,' &c. I cannot
give MB. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL'S chapter
and verse. Thread papers were in use, at
least for embroidery silks, during the last
decade. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
LADY O'LOONEY'S EPITAPH (11 S. iii.
108).— See also 10 S. vii. 135. Mrs. Jane
Molony's epitaph from which the alleged
Pewsey version is apparently made up is
given in extenso in the Appendix of ' Antiente
Epitaphs,' collected by Thomas F. Raven-
shaw, M.A., F.S.A. (1878). It was copied
by Mr. Ravenshaw in 1877. The Pewsey
version appears in ' Epitaphs and Epi-
grams' (4th ed.), 1869, exactly as recorded
by SENESCENS at the above reference.
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
MOTHER'S MAIDEN NAME AS CHILDREN'S
SURNAME (11 S. iii. 107). — This was
common, not only in Fifeshire, but all over
the kingdom, as ' N. & Q.' pedigree com-
pilers, will searchers, &c., can abundantly
testify. Even in peerages it is common.
Thus : —
" The name of Montjoie adopted by Sir Walter
Blount from the surname of a maternal ancestor
must have carried with it some chivalric associa-
tions to the ears of those who had taken part in the
French wars." — ' Hall of Lawford Hall,' p. 190.
The instances from every county are so
numerous, and would take up so much space
in ' N. & Q.,' that a bare mention ought to
suffice. The old question of double Christian
names confirms this. As an early instance,
we may take the entry on 18 January,
1592, when Robert Browne, son of John
Lillie, Esq., was baptized at Mexborough,
Yorkshire. He was afterwards known as
Robert Browne Lilly (Burn, ' Reg. Ecc.
Parochialis,' p. 80). I take it that an
inspection of the pedigree would reveal that
Brown is not a real Christian name so much
as the mother's maiden name.
A. RHODES.
There may be a practice in Fifeshire of
children, born in lawful wedlock, taking
the mother's rather than the father's name,
but I at least have never heard of it. At the
same time, it is quite possible that there may
be occasional instances unknown to me.
Be it remembered that in Scotland (up to
comparatively recent times, at least) any
person, come to years of discretion, and
having no unlawful purpose in view, could
assume whatever name he pleased, without
the formalities attending such a change in
England. I have in mind while writing a
prominent Scottish journalist who many
years ago and while in the prime of life made
such a change. For information on the
subject generally, perhaps help might be
derived from Prof. Cosmo Innes's ' Con-
cerning some Scotch Surnames/ published
at Edinburgh, 1860. W. S. S.
GEOFFREY POLE (11 S. iii. 45, 112).—
Thanks are due to MR. DIXON from all
interested in the Poles of the blood royal
for his communication at the last reference.
He is probably aware of three printed
pedigrees of this family, viz : — A, that in the
' Harl. Soc. Publ.,' liii. 89 ; B, that in Berry' c
' Hants Genealogies,' 168 ; and C, that in
' Sussex Archaeological Collections,' xxi. 74.
A and C largely support the authority cited
by MR. DIXON.
With reference to these pedigrees and
MR. DIXON' s contributions several observa-
tions and questions suggest themselves.
(1) Geoffrey's mother. — A and C agree with
MR. DIXON (at 9 S. ix. 468) in making his
mother a Constance Pakenham ; but A
calls her father Sir Edward, C Sir John, and
' Harl. Soc. Publ.,' liii. 76, Sir Edmund.
Was he Sir John Pakington (as to whom see
' D.N.B.') ? If not, who was he ? Her will
dated 12 August, 1570, was proved in
London 20 September following.
B says that Geoffrey's mother was Bona
Maria, daughter of John Da[n]vers of
Cothorpe (? Copcourt), co. Oxon. In ' Karl.
Soc. Publ.,' v. 187, Bova, daughter of John
Danvers of Ipwell (wherever this may be),
and Banbury, is said to have married Sir
" Jefery Joole " of Buckingham. To
whom was this lady married, and what was
her real name ?
(2) His brothers and sisters. — As was
stated at 9 S. x. 18, he had four brothers.
Their names were Arthur, Thomas, Edmund,
and Henry. All died without issue. Of his
six sisters, one is stated at the above
reference to have been a Brigittine nun. She
was not one of the old nuns enclosed 1 August,
1557, when Syon House was restored as a
nunnery. What was her name, and when
did she become a nun ?
The other five were all married ; Catherine
to Anthony Fortescue (9 S. vii. 327, 435 ;
viii. 73, 449 ; ix. 53) ; Elizabeth to William
or Edward Nevill, concerning whom further
particulars would be welcome ; Margaret to
Walter, sixth son of William, second Lord
Windsor (Brydges, 'Collins's Peerage,' i"
n s. in. FEB. 25, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
155
673) ; Mary to William Cuffold, of Cuffold,
in the parish of Basing, Hants (Berry,
op. cit. 281) ; and Anne to Thomas Hilders-
ham, of Stetchworth, Cambridgeshire (2 S.
viii. 170, 259 ; ix. 29).
(3) His uncle Arthur. — Sir Arthur Pole,
knighted in France, 31 October, 1523, was
a member of the King's Household. He
married Joan, Jane, or Eleanor, daughter of
Sir Roger Lewkenor, of Bolebroke House,
near Hartfield, Sussex, by whom he had a
son Henry, who seems to have died un-
married, and two daughters, Mary, who
married John Sanney of Sussex, according to
B or Sir John Stanley, according to C (i.e.,
probably John Stanley of Dalgarth, Cumber-
land, father of Sir Thomas Stanley of Fittle-
worth, Sussex) and Margaret or Margery,
who is said to have married Sir Thomas Fitz-
herbert, knighted 22 Feb., 1546/7, Sheriff
of Staffordshire 1547 and 1555, who was
committed to prison as a Papist soon after
Elizabeth's accession, but in Burke' s
* Landed Gentry ' this knight is said to have
married in 1534 Anne, d. and h. of Sir Arthur
Eyre of Padley, Derbyshire. (See ' Sussex
Archaeological Collections,' Hi. 35 ; ' Harl.
Soc. Publ.,' liii. 26, 67 ; Strype, 'Annals,' I. i.
416, 417). Further particulars about Sir
Arthur Pole and his family would be
interesting.
(4) His wife. — A and C agree with MB.
DIXON'S authority that she was a Button of
Dutton : but the Duttons of Dutton,
Cheshire, became extinct in 1526 (Ormerod,
* Cheshire,' i. 650), and she does not seem
to have been a Dutton of Hatton (op. cit., ii.
795). Was she a Dutton of Dutton,
Lancashire ? She appears to have returned
to England in 1590, from Antwerp, where
she had been living with her husband and
two of her daughters. (' Cath. Rec. Soc.,'
v. 189).
(5) His son Geoffrey. — C agrees with MB.
DIXON'S authority that he was living in
1606 at " Wirehall," and that he is " said to
be the ancestor of Sir James Pole of Wire-
hall " ; but, if anything is certain in
genealogies, it is clear that Sir James Poole,
first baronet, of Poole Hall, in the hundred
of Wirrall, Cheshire, was not descended
from Margaret, Countess of Salisbury. The
Pole or Poole living in Wirrall in 1606 was
one John Pole who died in 1613. (See
Ormerod, op. cit. ii. 423, and cf. ' Harl.
Soc. Publ.,' xviii. 191 ; lix. 195-6).
(6) His daughters. — We know what be-
came of Mary : what happened to the others?
JOHN B. WAINEWBIGHT.
" TEWKE," " TUKE "(US. iii. 87, 130).—
I should like to be allowed to supplement
PBOF. WEEKLEY'S communication by a note
which I have already sent to DB. MTJBBAY.
I think it quite possible that the ultimate
source is not the G. Tuch, but the G. Zeug.,
" stuff, materials," in its Low G. form.
Cf. Du. tuig, " stuff," as a sea-term,
" rigging " ; O. Low G. tuch, " Kleidungs-
stiicke," Liibben ; Low G. (Bremen) tug.
This would account easily for the F. spelling
tugue, with g. At any rate, it Mail do no
harm to consider this. I think, further,
that it makes the spelling teu possible.
WALTEB W. SKEAT.
"LET us oo HENCE, MY SONGS " (11 S.
iii. 128). — The lyric sought is * A Leave-
taking ' in Swinburne's ' Poems and Ballads '
(First Series), which begins
Let us go hence my songs ; she will not hear.
Let us go hence together \\ ithout fear,
the ending of the first stanza being
Yea, though we sang as angels in her ear,
She would not hear.
M. Gabriel Mourey, in translating this piece
into French prose (see ' N. & Q.,' 10 S.
ix. 375) gets into difficulties with
Though all we fell on sleep,
for which he offers the remarkable rendering
" quoique tout ce que nous touchames
dorme " ! Nor does the full? dighi'ty of
" Let us go hence, go hence " survive in
" Allons-nous-en d'ici, allons-nous-en d'ici."
EDWABD BENSLY.
MOVING PICTUBES AND CINEMATOGBAPHS
(11 S. ii. 502, 537 ; iii. 56). — In Strutt'n
' Sport and Pastimes ' is an account of
' Moving Pictures,' described by him as
bearing some distant analogy to the puppets.
In Queen Anne's reign, a show was exhibited
at " the great house in the Strand, over
against the Globe Tavern." It was then
advertised as " the greatest piece of
curiosity that ever arrived in England,
being made by a famous engineer from the
camp before Lisle." The pictures were
probably similar to those frequently seen
in clock-cases, &c., and were flat painted
images moving upon a flat surface. The
camps and armies were represented, to-
gether with the city and the citadel, the
English forces commanded by the Duke of
Marlborough, " besides abundance more
admirable curiosities too tedious to be
inserted here."
Strutt adds the personal recollection of a
show witnessed by him in the country about
156
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. FEB. 25, 1911.
1760, where the pasteboard figures .were
seated in rows one above the other, on clouds
of the same material " contrived in such a
manner that the whole group descended
and ascended with a slow motion to the
sound of music." E. MABJEBY Fox.
EPIGBAM IN SCHOPENHAUEB (11 S. iii.
128).—
Old books read with attention, the true and the
genuine old books,
New ones about these say little that matters a
whit.
WALTEB W. SKEAT.
[MR. M. L. R. BRESLAR also thanked for reply.]
CHUBCH WITH WOODEN BELL-TUBBET
(11 S. iii. 10, 95).— The old church of St.
Clement, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester,
is a small edifice of red brick consisting of
nave and aisles ; the lych gate is surrounded
by a belfry containing a peal of tubular bells
given in 1887 by the late Sir William Cunliffe
Brooks, first and last Bart, (died 1900),
who also built the gate.
FBEDEBICK LAWBENOE TAVABE.
Manchester.
COUBT LIFE (11 S. iii. 107). — There are
two books which together will probably
supply X. Y. with what is asked for.
W. J. Thorns, the first editor of ' N. & Q.,'
published in 1838 ' The Book of the Court
exhibiting the Origin, Peculiar Duties and
Privileges of the Several Ranks of the
Nobility and Gentry, more particularly of
the Great Officers of State and Members of
the Royal Household.' This book was
dedicated to Queen Victoria, and was no
doubt the outcome of public enthusiasm
and interest at the time of Her Majesty's
coronation. Thorns published this book
in the year in which he was elected a Fellow
of the Society of Antiquaries, and in 1844
he brought out an improved edition of the
book. Thorns was the first to get together
from many obscure sources a great mass of
scattered information bearing upon the
history and duties of the great officers of the
State. As late as 1883 Mr£. Armytage, a
daughter of Lord Fitzhardinge, published
' Old Court Customs and Modern Court
Rule,' a very entertaining book, containing
a lot of information as to royal regulations
and rules of ceremony for many great
occasions. If X. Y. wishes to pursue^ the
subject further he will find some curious
knowledge in Nicholas Carlisle's ' The Place
and Quality of Gentlemen of His Majesty's
Most Honourable Privy Chamber.' Car-
lisle's book was the outcome of his appoint-
ment as one of the Gentlemen of the Privy
Chamber, and was largely taken from
Pegge's ' Curialia.' His book was roughly
handled in The Westminster Review, April,
1830. One of the earliest of the books
on this subject is a ' Treatise of the Court,
or Instructions for Courtiers,' written by
Denys de Refuges, and translated into
English by John Reynolds, and published
1622. John Topham, who held many
offices worthily, and was treasurer to the
Society of Antiquaries, published in 1787
' Observations on the Wardrobe Accounts
of the Twenty - Eighth Year of King
Edward I.' This proved one of the publica-
tions of the Society of Antiquaries, and
three years later (1790) the s£,me Society
issued ' A Collection of Ordinances and
Regulations for the Government of the Royal
Household made in Divers Reigns, from
King Edward III. to King William and
Queen Mary.' This is a most valuable
work for any student of the subject. All
the foregoing books contain much informa-
tion on the subject, but there are certain
sources of specialized knowledge which may
be alluded to. Thus Sir Harris Nicholas's
Preface to the sixth volume of the Proceed-
ings of the Privy Council contains a valuable
essay on the office of the Lord Chamberlain.
Henrietta, Countess of Suffolk, who was
Mistress of the Robes to Caroline, Queen
of George II., has left in her correspondence
many interesting notes upon the duties
of her office. It seems hardly necessary
to add that regulations for those attending
State functions are issued from the Lord
Chamberlain's Office, and are printed in The
London Gazette. A very detailed account
of a State ball in the eighteenth century
may be found printed in The European
Magazine for January, 1777. Messrs.
Harrison issue " by authority " ' Uniforms
to be worn by the Queen's Household
[coloured plates], 1870.' The private in-
formation in the hands of the Lord Chamber-
lain and the Garter King at Arms would be
illuminating and priceless.
A. L. HUMPHBEYS.
187, Piccadilly, W.
Publications on the duties of Court
officials, if issued at all, must, from the nature
of the case, be but few in number. Perhaps
the best method to obtain the information
required would be to read such works as
deal with £he matter in the light of personal
experience. Such books as the * Diary and
Letters of Madame D'Arblay ' (Frances
Burney), Mrs. Armytage's * Old Court
n a IIL FEB. 25,i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
157
Customs and Modern Court Rule,' or
Baroness Bloomfield's ' Reminiscences of
Court and Diplomatic Life ' may be recom-
mended. There is a comparatively recent
publication dealing with Court dress. A
new edition appeared in 1903. It is en-
titled ' Dress Worn by Gentlemen at His
Majesty's Court,' and was published by
Messrs. Harrison & Sons. Perhaps it might
be useful. T. S. R. W.
[MR. J. HOLDEN MAcMiCHAEL also thanked for
reply.]
SCARBOROUGH SPA (11 S. iii. 129).— The
earliest association of the term ' Spa ' with
Scarborough will be found in Thomas
Hinderwell's ' History and Antiquities of
Scarborough and Vicinity,' 4to, with plan
and plates of views, York, 1798. It is
described as being one of the most accurate
and interesting of all the English topo-
graphical works, being a complete history
and description, not only of the town and
its stupendous castle, but also of the sur-
rounding country, &c. Hinderwell says : —
" Mrs. Farrow, a sensible and intelligent lady,
who lived at Scarborough about the year 1620,
sometimes walked along the shore, and observing
the stones^over which the waters passed to have
received a russet colour, and finding it to have
an acid taste, different from the common springs,
and to receive a purple tincture from galls, thought
it -probably might have a medicinal property.
Having, therefore, made an experiment herself,
and persuaded others to do the same, it was found
to be efficacious in some complaints, and became
the usual physic of the inhabitants. It was
afterwards in great reputation with the citizens
of York, and the gentry of the county, and at length
was so generally recommended, that several
persons of quality came from a great distance to
drink it ; preferring it before all the others they
had formerly frequented, even the Italian, French
and German spaws."
• The mixture is described as a compound of
vitriol, iron, alum, nitre, and salt, and Mr.
J. S. Fletcher, in his ' Picturesque Yorkshire,'
says that it is much more than probable that
visitors at last took a healthy dislike to it,
and a hearty liking to the scenery which
surrounded the stones " of a russet colour."
" It is not generally observed," says the
latest historian of Yorkshire, "that the
paople who frequent Scarborough are an
devotedly attached to the " spaw " waters as
to other liquids which may be obtained in the
refreshment-rooms of the adjoining saloon."
The following authors have written upon the
Scarborough " Spa " : Drs. Wittie, Simp-
son, Tunstall, Short, Shaw, and Belcombe,
by whom the waters have been analyzed.
J. HOT.DEN MACMICHAEL.
This spa was first discovered about 1620
by Mrs. Farrow, a Scarborough gentlewoman,
who, observing the stones in the watercourse
to be of a russet tincture, and finding the
water to possess an acid taste, &c., concluded
it to be of medicinal value. She took it
herself, and advised its use to her neighbours,
and it soon became the common physic of
the neighbourhood. In a few years its
fame reached Hull. Dr. Robert Wittie,
who practised there from 1638 to 1656, often
recommended the water to his patrons, and
on his removal to York in 1656 he prepared
his work upon it entitled ' Scarborough
Spaw, or a Description of the Nature and
Virtues of the Spaw at Scarborough,'
published 29 May, 1660.
The connexion between Col. Fairfax and
Scarborough Spa through Dr. Wittie seems
fairly obvious. These particulars are, in the
main, deduced from " The Natural, Experi-
mental, and Medicinal History of the
Mineral Waters of Derbyshire, Lincolnshire,
and Yorkshire, particularly those of Scar-
borough, by Thomas Short, M.D., of
Sheffield," London, 1734, published in
pursuance of a resolution passed at e, meeting
of the Council of the Royal Society dp/ed
17 Sept., 1733. E. G. B.
The earliest medical book seems to be Dr.
R. Wittie's ' Scarbrough Spaw, or descrip-
tion of its Nature and Virtues,' 12mo, pub-
lished in London in 1660. S. D. C.
MARINE INSURANCE (11 S. iii. 107). —
Has MR. WHITWELL looked at the biblio-
graphies referred to by me in the ' Register
of National Bibliography ' under the word
insurance ? The first is a volume by Mr.
Frederick Martin on the ' History of Lloyds '
(1876). It contains on pp. xi— xx a biblio-
graphy of marine insurance. The second
is a work on marine insurance by William
Gow. The second edition came out in
1900, and contains on pp. xiii-xiv a list of
the literature on the subject. The fourth
edition appeared in 1909, and the biblio-
graphy is on pp. xvii-xviii.
W. P. COURTNEY.
It is stated on what appears to be good
authority that at a very early period in the
history of the Anglo-Saxons a kind of in-
surance was known among them, according
to which the members of " guilds," on pay-
ment of certain fixed contributions, guaran-
teed one another against loss from "fire,
water, robbery, or other calamity." As
regards marine insurance, strictly so called,
158
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. ni. FEB. 25, 1011.
it is on record that the magistrates of
Barcelona in 1435 issued an ordinance in
relation to it. And it may also be noted in
English history that Lord Keeper Bacon
in opening Queen Elizabeth's first parlia-
ment in 1559 used words to this effect : "doth
not the wise merchant, in every adventure
of danger, give part to have the rest assured ? "
It need only be added that treatises on
marine insurance (but possibly not of the
kind the querist requires) are published by
Messrs. Sweet & Maxwell, and also by Mr.
Butterworth. Row TAY.
THE BLACK PRINCE'S LANGUAGE (11 S.
iii. 7, 116).— The words " E lo bort, es mort
0 pres ?. . . .Noy ay res fait " are in the
Limousin dialect of Occitanian, a dialect
which has scarcely changed from the days
of Bertram de Born to the present day when
the " sir vent es " of Prosper Estieu are
written in the same vigorous strain. The
Black Prince spoke this language, as did our
Richard a century and a half before him.
1 may note that " noy " is a contraction of
" non i," so that the answer is equivalent
to Fr. " [je] n'y ai rien fait."
EDWARD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
[MB. ALBAN DORAN also thanked for reply.]
GREAT SNOW IN 1614 (11 S. ii. 508;
iii. 13). — The late Mr. Andrews in ' Famous
Frosts and Frost Fairs,' 1887, p. 12, pro-
vides an interesting description of this
prolonged frost from Drake's ' Eboracum.'
He also names the pamphlet cited by MR.
BOLLAND, and says it was reprinted in 1814
in 4to. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
SIR CHARLES CHALMERS, BT. (11 S. iii.
89). — Sir Charles Chalmers, Baronet, was
a Captain in the Royal Regiment of Artillery,
and died unmarried, it is said, at Pondi-
cherry, on the Coromandel Coast, November,
1760. He had been recognized at the
office of Lord Lyon, King of Arms, as a
Baronet of Nova Scotia, and as the heir male
of the estate of Cults in the parish of Jar land,
co. Aberdeen ; but it is difficult to say when
the baronetcy was created for which he was
served heir.
The only baronet of the name of Chalmers
known to have been created was " Sir
James Chalmers, son of Gilbert Chalmers,
Laird of Cults in the parish of Jarland, co.
Aberdeen," who was created a baronet of
Scotland, November 24, 1664, with re-
mainder to the heirs male of his body ; and this
baronetcy is generally supposed to have
become extinct at the death of the grantee,
unmarried, but a succession of four other
baronets followed Sir Charles Chalmers,
who died in November, 1760, until Oct. 1,
1834 ; but whether the assumption of the
title by these gentlemen was justifiable or
not it is not now possible to say. Full
information will be found in the ' Complete
Baronetage,' by G. E. C., vol. iii. pp. 348-9.
F. DE H. L.
The baronetcy inherited by Sir Charles
Chalmers was conferred in 1664. He was
a grandson of the first .baronet. An
account of the family will be found in
Anderson's ' Scottish Nation,' i. 618-19.
The career of Sir Charles as sketched by
Anderson differs somewhat from Major
Leslie's account. He is said, for example,
to have died at Pondicherry. His successors
in the title (there was no estate) are traced
down to the early decades of last century.
Sir George Chalmers, the son of Sir Charles,
was an eminent painter. His son, Sir
Robert, a naval commander, died at Port-
sea in 1807. The son of Sir Robert was Sir
Charles W. Chalmers, an officer in the royal
navy. According to Anderson, he " was the
last baronet of whom there is any account."
SCOTUS.
[Ms. H. J. B. CLEMENTS also thanked for reply.]
0tt
The Cambridge History of English Literature.
Edited by A. W. Ward and A. R. Waller. —
The Drama to 1642. Vol. V. Part I. Vol. VI.
Part II. (Cambridge University Press.)
THIS excellent history of literature is making
steady advance, and has already, we think, estab-
lished itself with serious scholars as a survey
full in detail, and at the same time representing
the views of experts chosen from various parts
of the world. The editors in these volumes have
gone to the learned of Cracow, Wisconsin and
Harvard, Belfast and Leeds, besides the two
great English foundations. This wide range of
contributors, also to be seen in the new edition
of ' The Encyclopaedia Britannica ' which is
issuing from the Cambridge University Press,
shows that scholarship has no boundaries, and
is a pleasant contrast to those earlier days when
the University Presses were virtually confined
to the productions of the local alumni.
As before, we note an admirable arrangement
into chapters, which greatly facilitates the work
of the student. The first volume before us is
concerned with early English drama as mani-
fested in its origins, secular influences, religious
pieces, tragedy, and comedy. Chapters are
devoted to * The Plays of the University Wits,'
' Marlowe and Kyd,' and ' Lesser Elizabethan
ii 8. in. FEB. 20, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
159
Dramatists,' and various aspects of Shakespeare
occupy five chapters ; while Dr. Ward sums up
at the end with ' Some Political and Social
Aspects of the late Elizabethan and Earlier
Stewart Period.'
The second volume is chiefly concerned with
notable dramatists from Ben Jonson to Ford and
Shirley, but chapters are also devoted to ' The
Elizabethan Theatre,' ' The Children of the
Chapel Royal and their Masters,' ' University
Plays,' ' Masque and Pastoral,' and ' The Puritan
Attack upon the Stage.' This survey, in two
volumes, covers the field with a plenitude of
learning which is sufficient to daunt the con-
fidence of the most assured critic.
Leaving for the moment the greatest name,
we may mention some of the articles which have
struck us most. Mr. Harold Child's work on
' Secular Influences and the Elizabethan Theatre '
is admirable alike in style and matter. Mr.
Arthur Symons in his chapter on ' Middleton and
Rowley ' writes with a distinction and a pre-
cision of phrase which are all his own. Par-
ticularly to be commended are his generaliza-
tions on the stage of the day, and that to us
surprising licence of violence which shows that
" it had no character to keep up." Mr. G. C.
Macaulay has a lucid and judicious study of
' Beaumont and Fletcher.' The comparison of
Fletcher's style with Shakespeare's is note-
worthy (vol. vi. p. 118). In vol. v. Dr. Ward's
papers on ' The Origins of English Drama ' and
' Some Political and Social Aspects ' are not only
valuable and close-packed summaries, but also
put us in touch with modern life by references to
the pageants of to-day, Oberammergau, and such
occupations as drinking and smoking. Advance-
ment in Colleges and Universities did not in those
days always coincide with. merit, but Dr. Ward
is able to claim an advantage in intellectual
condition for Cambridge over Oxford for
several years. This was due to the lesser
hold the Puritans had on Cambridge. Their
attack on the stage is well handled by Mr. J.
Dover Wilson at the end of vol. vi. ' University
Plays,' treated by Mr. F. S. Boas, had their
culmination in Ruggle's ' Ignoramus,' which
King James I. insisted on seeing twice. On the
other hand, in 1613, when Prince Charles Fre-
derick, the Elector Palatine, saw a comedy of
Brooke's, he slept during the greater part of the
performance which lasted from seven in the
evening till one.
Prof. Thornydyke of Columbia writes ably on
Ben Jonson, and concludes with the note that
Dickens, who knew Jonson's plays " well, and
himself acted Bobadill, must to no inconsiderable
extent have been indebted to their suggestion."
We do not believe this, and think it more reason-
able to say that Jonson influenced Fielding and
Smollett, who influenced Dickens. Prof. Saints-
bury's two chapters on the * Life and Plays '
of Shakespeare and the ' Poems,' written in his
characteristic style (incidentally he defends the
use of neologisms), are full of good sense, and
state briefly and lucidly the main points which
any one attacking the question of fact and legend
ought to consider, while largely brushing away
that mist of probabilities or possibilities which
critics often substitute for certainties. The infor-
mation available, according to him, comes to very
little, though other people think it comes to a
great deal. The summary of the plays and their
chronological position is excellent, while the
critical attitude of the Professor is always en-
lightening. In discussing ' Hamlet ' he dwells
on the character of Claudius, a welcome change
after the reams that have been blackened by
studies of the prince and protagonist of the play.
There is a useful comparison drawn between
Thackeray and Shakespeare and their methods of
vivifying character. Nothing much is said of the
special sides — law, classics, &c. — on which Shake-
speare has been studied ; but this is, perhaps,
not much loss. The mastery of " trisyllabic
substitution " in blank verse is noted as founded
" on good principles of English prosody." It
is also, we might add, eminently Greek.
In the ' Plays attributed to Shakespeare ' Prof.
Moorman finds nothing of the master, except in the
case of ' The Two Noble Kinsmen.' The Rev.
Ernest Walder has a succinct account of ' The
Text of Shakespeare,' which is meritorious in the
main as a survey of a difficult question. He
should, however, have laid before readers the
definite statement of Heminge and Condell at the
beginning of the First Folio. That statement is
remarkable in many ways as going counter to
what we might expect, but we do not think it
fair to disregard it, as some do, as the untrust-
worthy advertisement of a tradesman. Mr. J. G.
Robertson's ' Shakespeare on the Continent *
is full of interesting detail which is little known.
With these guides and the formidable Biblio-
graphies the student should be well equipped to
form a judgment on our supreme poet.
We note a few items in this last section, where,
of course, individual opinion must prevail,
Tolstoy's criticism is mentioned, but not the
actual booklet in English. Our copy is called
' Tolstoy on Shakespeare ' (Everett & Co.), and
includes also some fireworks by Mr. Bernard
Shaw. In botany there is ' Shakespeare's
Garden,' by the Rev. J. Harvey Bloom (Methuen,
1903). We think that the late Alfred Nutt pub-
lished a paper on the fairies of Shakespeare ;
and there is a book on ' Shakespeare and Music '
(1890) by Mr. E. W. Naylor, a Cambridge man.
We should also have mentioned the new edition
of Mr. W. Carew Hazlitt's ' Shakespear : the
Man and his Work ' (Quaritch, 1908). Mr. J. L.
Haney has written on ' The Name of William
Shakespeare : a Study in Orthography ' (Phila-
delphia, 1906). The ' Cambridge Shakespeare/
edited by W. A. Neilson (Houghton & Mifflin,
1906), is a useful one-volume edition. ' Julius
Oaesar,' for which two commentaries only are
given, is available in ' The Elizabethan Shake-
speare,' edited by W. H. Hudson (Harrap).
Swinburne's volume ' A Study of Shakespeare,'
given as of 1880, reached a fourth edition in 1902..
Under ' Special Aspects ' we should add
' Criminal Types in Shakespeare,' by A. Goll, a
translation from the Danish by Mrs. C. Weekes
(Methuen, 1909). ' Shakespeare's Proverbs,' by
Mary Cowden Clarke, edited by W. J. Rolfe
(Putnam, 1908), is an attractive collection. Bart-
lett's Concordance is preferable to M. C. Clarke's,
as containing notice of the actual line as well as
the act and scene.
WTe forbear to add more, and it is possible that
some of the books we note have been mentioned
and have escaped our eye. If so, it is not the
fault of the Bibliography, which is arranged in,
excellent subdivisions.
160
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. FEB. 25, MIL
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — FEBRUARY.
MESSRS. DEIGHTON BELL & Co.'s Catalogue 22,
New Series, contains Rothschild's Extinct Birds,
imp. 4to, half-morocco, 20Z. Foster's Stuarts,
2 vols., folio, one of 550 copies, 61. 6s. Stubbs's
Cambridge, roy. 4to, one of a hundred copies,
2Z. 2s. Byron, the edition de luxe of Coleridge
and Prothero, 13 vols., 4to, 250 copies printed,
6Z. 6s. There are works under Theology and
Church History, besides Greek and Latin Classics,
Archaeology and Philology, and Oriental Literature.
The last section includes The Jataka, being tales
of the Anterior Births of Gotama Buddha, 7 vols.,
1877-97, 21. 15s. Under Palestine Exploration
Fund is The Survey of Western Palestine, 8 vols.,
4to 12,1 12s. Natural History includes Jarrell's
British Birds, 4 vols., 21. 12s. 6d. There are
47 vols. of The Annual Register, 1760-1814, 11. 15s.
Under Freemasonry is Gould's History, 6 vols.,
4to, 11. Is. A copy of Gladstone's Past Years,
1843-78, 7 vols., is priced 15s. Among works
under Bibliography is Hindley's Catnach Press,
4to, 12s. 6d., and Catalogue of the Printed
Books and MSS. in the Ry lands Library, 3 vols.,
4to, 21. 10s. There is the first series of the Early
English Dramatists, edited by Farmer, 13 vols.,
4to, large paper, only 60 copies printed, 21Z. 15s.
Also the Tudor Facsimile Texts, edited by
Farmer, 43 vols., 4to and folio, 42Z. 10s. The
publications of the English Dialect Society from
the commencement in 1873 to 1900 complete,
including Parish's Dictionary of the Sussex
Dialect, 7 vols., half -calf, and the remainder in
original wrappers, are offered for 15Z. Among
additions are Littre's Dictionary, Paris, 1877-8,
5 vols., 4to, half-morocco, 31. 10s. The Vatican
Bible, 1209, one of the hundred copies of the
complete reproduction, 4 vols., imp. 4to, 201.
Eighteenth-Century Colour Prints, one of fifty
copies, 10Z, 10s. ; Old English Masters engraved
by Cole, 12Z. 12s. The life and works of the
Wards, by Frankau, 15Z. Under Walt Whitman is
the Book Lover's Camden Edition, New York,
1902, 10 vols., half-vellum, 9Z. 9s.
Messrs. S. Drayton & Sons, Exeter, forward
Catalogues 222 and 223. The former contains
Britton's Cathedral Antiquities, 5 vols., 4to,
half-morocco, 1836, 2Z. 15s. ; the first edition of
Casa Guidi Windows, Chapman & Hall, 1851,
12s. Qd. ; and some curious old Children's Books.
Under Local is an account of the Bristol Riots,
2 vols., 1832, 12s. 6eZ. There are works under
Heraldry, Ireland, Natural History, &c. Cata-
logue 223 is devoted to Divinity, and includes
the names of Newman, R. J. Campbell, Dean
Alford, Henry Drummond, Liddon, Hook, Stanley,
and many others.
Mr. Francis Edwards sends two catalogues.
The one devoted to important books on Native
Races comprises Skeat and Blagden's Malay
Races and Skeat's Malay Magic ; Dennett's and
Leonard's The Negroes of West Africa, and others,
all at greatly reduced prices. The other cata-
logue is a short list of new remainders : we note
Boccaccio, Rigg's translation, with Chalon's
twelve fine plates, the two volumes with separate
portfolio, containing 8 extra plates, 1Z. 6s.
Holmes's Bookbindings in the Royal Library
at Windsor, 4to, 2Z. 10s. ; Cox's Introduction to
Folk-lore, Is. Qd. ; Jennings's Rosicrucians, ,4s. 6d.-,
The Literary Club edition of Dr. Johnson's
Complete Works, 16 vols., roy. 8vo, cloth, gilt
tops, 3Z. 3s., published at 8Z. Under a curiosity in
literature is The Mafeking Mail, a news-sheet
published daily during the siege, 18s.
Mr. William Glaisher's Catalogue 375 is a
supplementary one of Publishers' Remainders.
We note a few : ' Delane of " The Times," '
2 vols., 7s. 6d. ; Duke of Argyll's ' Passages from
the Past,' 2 vols., 5s. ; ' The Letters of Lord
Chesterfield,' 3 vols., 8s. 3d. ; ' Life of the Right
Hon. Hugh Childers,' 2 vols., 3s. 6d. ; ' The
Orrery Papers,' 2 vols., 9s. ; Dobell's ' Side-
lights on Lamb,' 2s. Qd. ; Wright's ' Life of WTalter
Pater,' 2 vols., 7s. 6cZ. ; Scott, 25 handy pocket
volumes, India paper, calf, in cloth cabinet,
2Z. 2s. ; Seyffert's 'Dictionary of Antiquities,'
large 4to, 6s. ; and Herbert Spencer's ' Auto-
biography,' 2 vols., 6s. Qd. Under the heading
' A Great Art Work ' is ' The Bible in Art,' 786
illustrations,^ massive 4to volumes, 12s.
Mr. J. Jacobs's Catalogue 56 opens with a
Collection of Spiritualistic Manuscript Records
made by Henderson Mackenzie, bound in 7 vols.,
4to., 1857-65, 12Z. 12s. Under Carlyle are first
editions. Defoe items include the first edition of
The Fortunate Mistress, 1724, 5Z. 5s. (wants
frontispiece, age-stained throughout). We note
a copy of Shakespeare, Stockdale's edition,
1807, 6 vols., 4to, 10Z. 10s., and some early and
rare Tracts by Swift. Under Tortoise-Shell
Binding is Le Nouveau Testament, Amsterdam,
1697, and Les Pseavmes de David, together in
1 vol., 2Z. 2s. Works under Americana, George
Colman, France, and Paris are also offered.
Among Autograph Letters is one of George
Washington's, August, 1778, written from Fort
Wayne, 3Z. 3s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
to
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
bo "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries "'—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.C.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer arid
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
ii B. in. MAR. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
161
LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH A, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 62.
NOTES :— Englishmen as German Authors, 161— Thacke-
ray's Nose— John Boxall, 162— Sir C. Hanbury Williams,
Sir Woodbine Parish, and Carlyle— Green Park Lodge, 163
—Berkshire Churchwardens' Accounts— Anna Howe and
Charlotte Grandison, 164— Capt. Cook Memorial — Bap-
tismal Scarf-Scout=Spy, Sneak, 165-Sixteenth-Century
Rules for Servants— Sticklac— Yews in Churchyards, 166.
QUERIES :— Bethlem Royal Hospital — " Gentlemen " :
"Armiger": " Privilegiatus " — Honorary Degrees at
Cambridge— Tennyson's ' Flower in the crannied wall '—
Alien Priories— Goodbetter— Smallpox and the Stars—
Shersons of Ellel Craig, 167-" Cackling clouts"— " Car-
millions " — " Gainshot " — " Hunnin'-pin" — " Kmchie —
r< Sufflee " — Physician's Cane — Samuel Byrom — Latin
Hexameters— Ricketts : Goodwin: Johnson, 168— Free-
man : Beauchamp: Lawrence — G. Rumney — Sir W.
Romney— Romney Family— Thomas Barrow, 169— Simon
Pincerna and Westminster, 170.
REPLIES :— " Bezant," 170— Walter Haddon— Adders' Fat
as a Cure for Deafness— Ear-Piercing, 171— Murderers
reprieved for Marriage— American Words and Phrases—
" George Inn " at Woburn— "Had I Wist," 172-Canons,
Middlesex -Alexander Holmes— "Love me, love my dog"
— " No great shakes "—Ordinaries of Newgate— Col. Oakes
:and Queen Caroline's Funeral— Underground Soho, 173—
Pyrrhus's Toe— Stair Divorce—' Death of Capt. Cook '—
Spider's Web, 174— Raleigh and Tobacco— "Vail"— Parish
Formation— "Stick-in-the-Mud"— Bibliography of Folk-
lore— Gratious Street=Gracechurch Street, 175— Fairfax :
Sayre : Maunsell-Keats, Hampstead, and Dilke— Leader
of the House of Commons— Absinthe-drinking— Amphis-
fcsenic Book, 176 -Water Shoes— Phipps or Phip Family-
Lea Wilson's Bibles— Authors Wanted—" Let us go hence,
my songs," 177— 'Les Arrivants '— Sir Robert Peel and his
Speeches— Dryden as Place- Name— Dom Francisco Manuel
de Mello — " -de- " : " -ty-," 178 — " Ware " Potatoes —
"Almighty Dollar "—Julia Pastrana— J. Jane way, 179.
NOTES ON BOOKS :— Burke's ' Peerage and Baronetage '
—'Primitive Psycho-Therapy and Quackery'— 'A Good
Fight ' — ' Newspaper Press Directory ' — Writers' and
Artists' Year-Book.
ENGLISHMEN AS GERMAN AUTHORS.
AMONG the minor German poets there are
a fair number of English birth. These men
are either the sons of English parents born
in Germany or there for professional reasons
or for purposes of study. The first of these
Englishmen as German poets are in point of
time three born between 1763 and 1770 —
•Collins, Mellish, and Sinclair.
Collins (1763-1814) wrote Masonic songs
.as well as other poems not published till
after his death. As at this date the students
.at the University of Konigsberg were in
every faculty obliged to attend lectures on
philosophy, Collins must have studied under
Kant during the year he spent at that Uni-
versity (1784-5). He seems to be the only
one of English birth who attended Kant's
lectures.
Mellish (1768-1823), who at the age of
thirty had received the title of Prussian
" Kammerherr," lived in Weimar on a
friendly footing with Goethe and other
literary men in Court circles. His poems
appeared in 1818 as ' German Poems of an
Englishman,' with some translations. They
have never been reprinted.
Sinclair (1770-1815) was the son ol a
learned Scottish baronet of some importance
in the political world. He studied from
1788 to 1793 in Tubingen, where he made
the acquaintance of Hb'lderlin, the author
of ' Hyperion,' who later dedicated two
poems to him. It is interesting to note
that the biographers of Holderlin do not
seem to be aware that Sinclair, who did
his best to help the unhappy half-insane
poet, was a Scotchman. Sinclair is generally
known in Germany as Isaak von Sinclair.
He is the author of tragedies on the Huguenot
risings in the Cevennes, published in 1806.
Some of my information about the above
authors I owe to Brummer's ' Lexikon der
deutschen Dichter bis Ende des achtzehnten
Jahrhunderts.'
Between 1802 and 1865 were born five
Englishmen who wrote German poems.
The eldest of these, Charles Major-Forseyth
(1802-1852), the son of a Scottish merchant
captain, was born in Memel. He became a
clergyman, and published a volume of poems
in 1846. The second, Sir Henry H. F. B.
Maxse (1832-83), Governor of Heligoland and
after wards of Newfoundland, married in 1860
a German actress. Through the influence of
his wife he took a great interest in the
German theatre, for which he wrote tliree
plays, one of which, ' Louise de la Valliere,'
has often been performed.
The remaining three poets, Percy Andrese,
Mackay, and Marshall, are described in
Brummer's * Lexikon der deutschen Dichter
und Prosaisten des neunzehnten Jahrhun-
derts.' Of these, Percy Andreae, born in
1858, wrote two plays ; and Marshall, born
in 1865, published a volume of poems in
1895 under the title of 'Einsame Blumen.'
John Henry Mackay, born at Greenock
in 1864, came to Germany at the age of two.
He is a very fruitful poet and dramatist,
besides being the author of numerous philo-
sophical writings in defence of his stand-
point as an individualistic anarchist. Among
his works are translations of American and
English poets, and a Social Democratic
poem entitled * Arma parata fero.' In the
history of philosophy Mackay appears
as the editor of the minor works of Stirner,
the individualist.
162
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. MA*. 4, 1911.
This list of Englishmen as German authors
would not be complete without mention of
Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the author of
' Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahr-
hunderts ' and of a life of Wagner. There
is hardly an educated German who is un-
acquainted with Chamberlain's works.
H. G. WAHD.
Aachen.
THACKERAY'S NOSE.
THIS being the centenary of the great " M. A
Titmarsh," no doubt many old tales will be
raked up, memories of the gentle cynic
whose satire was (nearly always) genial and
full of good fun.
About a year after his death I>as journey-
ing northwards from London on one of the
main railways, and as I was to have several
hours of it, I had provided myself with
an interesting novel, then in its zenith of
popularity — ' Vanity Fair.' My only com-
panions in a first-class compartment were
two nice old ladies, sisters, and during some
hours together we had become mutually
friendly. The acquaintance began by one of
the ladies noticing the title of the volume I
was reading : —
" You seem much engrossed with your book ;
so were we when it came out first, for we knew
the author well, and in his boyhood, when at
Charterhouse, he often visited us in his vacations.
He was a most charming boy, not only by nature,
but also remarkably handsome, and, in those
early days, noticeable by his beautiful aquiline
features. We missed seeing him for a time, and
then had him again for our visitor. But his
features were so altered, we scarcely knew the
handsome lad of former visits. We did not like
to vex the boy, for his whole nature seemed
changed, and we attributed it to mortification
at the cruel injury to the main feature of his
"One day he told us how it had happened.
Being one of the youngest pupils, he was chosen
by one of the older lads, a rather proud aristocrat
in his way, to act as his fag. Thackeray bore it
as well as he could, but demurred to some more
arbitrary command than usual, and flatly refused
to obey. Whereupon the young ' aristocrat '
caught Thackeray up, held his head under his
arm, and, with the heel of his boot used as a
hammer, beat the beautiful aquiline nose quite
flat with his face ; in fact, breaking and injuring
its structure completely — the excuse being
' You '11 clean my boots next time, sir.' "
The lad was completely cowed ; he had
only been in the school a short time, and had
no friends ; so he bore the punishment, but
it seemed to change his nature, and the
ladies said that the cynical, satirical spirit
so remarkable in his writings of later years,
they always attributed to this horrible
treatment in his childhood.
Thackeray in later years made much fun
of his broken nose, comparing his to Michael
Angelo's, whose beauty had been spoilt by
Torrigiano's mallet ; but that was a more
dignified tool than the heel of a snob's boot.
JOHN WABD.
[The usual account says that Venables broke
Thackeray's nose in fair fight.]
JOHN BOXALL.
BOXAI/L'S life in the ' D.N.B.' (like that in
Mr. Gillow's ' Bibliographical Dictionary ' >
does not seem to be quite accurate : —
"He took orders, but abstained from
exercising the functions of his ministry during
the reign of Edward VI."
As to this, it appears from Dr. Frere's-
' Marian Reaction,' p. 255, that he received
all orders up to the priesthood in June, 1554,.
in London.
" On Queen Mary's accession he was appointed
her majesty's secretary of state, dean of Ely,,
prebendary of Winchester, and warden of Win-
chester College (1554)."
He did not become a Secretary of State
before March, 1557, and was not sole
Secretary of State before April, 1558 ; and
he was never Dean of Ely, nor, so far as
would appear, Prebendary of Winchester.
Again, the ' D.N.B.' states that he was
" appointed prebendary of York " in 1558.
This also appears to be an error. He
resigned the Wardenship of Winchester
College in 1556, and the deanery of Norwich
in 1558. These resignations are not recorded
in the ' D.N.B.'
On Queen Elizabeth's accession Boxall wa»
deprived of all his offices, including (it
would seem) nine ecclesiastical preferments,
viz., the deanery of Peterborough (to which
he was appointed in 1557), the deanery of
Windsor (1557), a canonry at Windsor (1558),
the prebend of Newington in St. Paul's
Cathedra] (1558), the prebend of Grantham in
Salisbury Cathedral (1558), the archdeaconry
of Ely (1556), the first stall in Ely Cathedral
(1554), the rectory of Hatfield, Hertford-
shire (1554), and the prebend of Ilton in
the diocese of Bath and Wells (the date of
his appointment to which is unknown).
Some of these preferments find no mention
in the ' D.N.B.,' which also omits to record
that he was committed to the custody of
Archbishop Parker, 2 November, 15591.
Thence he was transferred a close prisoner
to the Tower, 18 June, 1560. His imprison-
ment there was relaxed 6 September, 1560,
to the extent of his being allowed to meet
three of the other prisoners at meals. It
would seem that he fell ill, and was offered
ii s. in. MAR. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
163
the choice of going into the custody of Arch-
bishop Parker again or into that of Bishop
Grinlal, and that he preferred to remain
in the Tower.
On 15 September, 1563, the plague then
being prevalent in London, and it being
thought well to remove the prisoners for
religion from the Tower, Boxall was com-
mitted to the custody of Archbishop
Parker at Bekesbourne in Kent, being made
to pay for his board and lodging. He was
there a prisoner 3 June, 1564. In October,
1 567, he was still in the Archbishop's custody,
although it had been in some ways relaxed.
In a letter to Bullinger dated 10 August,
1571, Parkhurst writes that he " died at
Lambeth, where also Thirlby. . . .died before
him " ; but Parker says that he had allowed
him to go in his illness to a friend's house in
London, where he died. The date of his
death is variously given as the 3rd or 4th
of March, 1570/71.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
SIR CHARLES HANBURY WILLIAMS, SIR
WOODBINE PARISH, AND THOMAS CARLYLE.
—The recent publication of ' A Life of Sir
Woodbine Parish ' by his grand-daughter,
the Hon. Nina Kay Shuttleworth, reminds
me that I have in my possession an interest-
ing volume that was formerly in the library
of that distinguished diplomatist, and bears
his book-plate. This volume is made up
of extracts from the third volume of ' The
Works of Sir Charles Hanbury Williams,'
1822 (pp. 61-109, 208-40, and i-lxxxi),
together with a MS. account of the Court
of Vienna contained in a letter from Sir
Charles Hanbury Williams to the Duke of
Newcastle, which extends to 55 octavo
pages. This letter is undated, but as Sir
Charles was in Vienna in 1752, it was
ascribed by Sir W. Parish to that year.
The volume is prefaced by the following
note : —
" This volume contains some Memorials written
by Sir C. H. Wms relative to the foreign Courts
and Countries where he was employed on H. My'8
Diplomatic Service — Saxony, Poland, Russia.
" The poems which formed the remainder of the
publication are only remarkable for their in-
decency, and have been cut out.
" The MS. account of the Court of Vienna
has never been published.— W.P."
Before the MS., which is not in the hand-
writing of Sir Woodbine Parish, is the follow-
ing note by him : —
" The following Despatch is copied from one
furnished to Sir .George (afterwards Earl) Macart-
ney on his proceeding on his Special Mission to
Russia in 1766 — in my possession. W. Parish."
At the end of the volume the following
letter is inserted : —
St. Leonard's, April, 1865.
DEAR BLAKISTOX, — I have long intended send-
ing yo>j this Volume, wh contains an unpub-
lished despatch of Sir Chas. Hanbury Williams
to the Secy of State the Duke of Newcastle in
1752, giving a very interesting account of the
Court of Vienna at that time, thinking it would
be of interest to your friend Carlyle ; but I fear
now it will arrive too late to be of any use to him,,
seeing that he has completed his great Work, but
you may send it to him, and he is quite at liberty
to take a copy of it, if he wishes for it. Yrs-
sincerely, WOODBINE PARISH.
Carlyle wrote the following remarks on
the blank page of this letter : —
" I have not taken any copy: but feel greatly
obliged to Sir Woodbine Parish for his goodness.
"It is pity the letter were not dated ; the
real year of it must be 1753 (not '2) ; and to
German readers the chief novelty in it is Hanbury's
complete mistake as to the real purposes notions
and position of Kaunitz in regard to the matters
handled between them. Sharp political spectacles
on Hanbury's part, on Kaunitz's a perfect cloak of
darkness ! T. C. (Chelsea, 11 May)."
W. F. PRIDEATJX.
THE GREEN PARK LODGE. — So little seems
to be known about the Deputy Ranger's
Lodge in the Green Park that the following
unpublished facts about it, from the Pitt
Papers (P.R.O. bundle 139), may be useful
to London topographers. They were written
by Lord William Gordon, who was the
brother of Lord George, and who had made
the town talk by bolting with Lady Sarah
Bunbury a few years before. Dating from
" Green Park Lodge," 20 April, 1789, he
wrote : —
" Lord William Gordon presents his compli-
ments to Mr. Pitt, and sends enclosed a statement
of his situation as Deputy Ranger of the Parks,
and wishes very much that Mr. Pitt would take
the first opportunity of mentioning it to his
Majesty. Lord William begs Mr. Pitt to recol-
lect that his Majesty was graciously pleased to
give him a grant of the premises upwards of ten
years ago, and Lord William would wish to
obtain a permanent grant of the same, including
the House, for such term of years as might be
thought reasonable, instead of holding it on the
present precarious terms. As Lord and Lady
William are extremely anxious on this subject,
they wish to know as soon as possible the result
of the application which they flatter themselves
Mr. Pitt will make to his Majesty on their behalf.
" [The application :] Lord William Gordon is
bound to pay to the Hon. Mr. Shirley £400
per annum during the life of Mr. Shirley. In
consequence of the above agreement Mr. Shirley
resigned his appointment of Deputy Ranger to
Lord William Gordon. The above arrangement
was previously laid before his Majesty, who
was graciously pleased to approve it. Lord
Oxford, as Ranger, also approved it, and appointed
Lord William Deputy Ranger in consequence.
164
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. in. MAR. 4, 1911,
" In addition to the £400 per annum paid to
Mr. Shirley since the agreement was made (now
upwards of ten years), and which in any event
must be continued to be paid during his life,
Lord William has expended upwards of £8,000
upon the premises. The reason for so doing and
lor granting the annuity of £400 to Mr. Shirley
was on the faith of Mr. Shirley's assurances that
the Deputy Banger was never moved from his
house and office, but which assurances Lord
William had lately reason to think would not have
iDeen of much avail. Under these circumstances
Lord and Lady William Gordon natter them-
•selves Mr. Pitt will not think them unreasonable
when they request him to state their hopes to his
Majesty that they may receive a grant of the
house and premises for such term of years as his
Majesty under all circumstances may think
reasonable. '•
Lady William had meantime also written
about the case on 1 April to Dundas, who
was a great friend of her husband's sister-in-
law the witty Jane Maxwell, Duchess of
Gordon. I may add that a steel engraving
•of the Lodge appeared in The Lady's Maga-
zine of the period. J. M. BULLOCH.
118, Pall Mall, S.W.
BERKSHIRE CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS,
•c. 1800. — The following particulars are
taken from the churchwardens' account-
book, 1796-1847, of the parish of South
Moreton, Berks. The most noticeable ex-
penditure was for the destruction of sparrows
and vermin, which in one year came to
31. 19s. Qd. In May, 1798 (e.g.), 429 sparrows,
•or sparrow-heads, were paid for at the rate
of 2d. a dozen ; polecats and hedgehogs
brought 4d. each ; weasels, 3d. or 4d. ;
stoats, 3d. ; and one " wheratt," 3d. Per-
haps the last was a ferret, but the word
only occurs once. (The spelling has all the
pleasing variety of untrammelled genius.)
No rats are mentioned. Probably these
payments ceased when compulsory church-
rates were abolished.
The Holy Communion was celebrated
four times a year, at Easter, Whitsuntide,
Michaelmas, and Christmas, for which the
bread and wine cost II. 2s. — doubtless
4 bottles and 4 loaves. There are entries of
'" washing the cloths for the altar," showing
that the last word was regarded as usual
and proper. Sometimes " up " is written
'" op," which is the local pronunciation to
this day. W. C. B.
ANNA HOWE AND CHARLOTTE GRANDISON.
— The similarity between the character of
Anna Howe in Richardson's ' Clarissa Har-
lowe ' and of Charlotte Grandison in his
* Sir Charles Grandison ' has often been
referred to by his biographers (Austin
Dobson, 'Samuel Richardson,' p. 158, and
C. L. Thomson, ' Samuel Richardson,'
p. 205). Both Anna Howe and Charlotte
Grandison treat their not very manly lovers,
Charles Hickman and Lord G — , in much
the same free and rude way. It has, how-
ever, not been pointed but that Richardson
himself has called attention in an interesting
passage to the close similarity between the
two characters ('Sir Charles Grandison,'
i. 341, ed. 1902). Harriet Byron writes on
this subject to Lucy Selby : —
" Lord G — appeared to advantage, as Sir Charles
managed it, under the awful eye of Miss Grandi-
son. Upon my word, Lucy, she makes very free
with him. I whispered her, that she did. — A
very Miss Howe, said I. To a very Mr. Hickman,
rewhispered she. — But here 's the difference.
I am not determined to have Lord G — . Miss
Howe yielded to her mother's recommendation,
and intended to marry Mr. Hickman even when
she used him worst."
This is the only passage in the body of his
novels in which Richardson refers to his
own works. The difference noted by Char-
lotte Grandison between Anna Howe and
herself does not afterwards exist, as she
later on accepts Lord G — .
The first one to point out the similarity
between Anna Howe and Charlotte Grandi-
son was Lady Mary Wortley Montagu in a
letter dated 20 October, N.S., 1755. She
had read the first two "tomes" of 'Sir
Charles Grandison ' before 22 September
in the same year. It seems that Lady Mary
discovered for herself the similarity between
the two characters, and was not thinking
of the passage in Richardson quoted above.
Anna Howe and Charlotte Grandison are
severely condemned by Lady Mary ('Letters,'
ii. 290, ed. 1893) :—
" His Anna How [sic] and Charlotte Grandison
are recommended as patterns of charming
pleasantry .... Charlotte acts with an ingratitude
that I think too black for human nature, with such
coarse jokes and low expressions as are only to be
heard among the lowest class of people."
The only expressions used by Charlotte
Grandison which Lady Mary could have
considered " low " are the following : —
" I '11 be hanged if Miss Byron thinks so, re-
whispered she." — ' Sir Charles Grandison,' i. 285.
"Come, come, get us some breakfast....!
don't choose to eat my gloves .... Hang ceremony,
said she, sitting down first, let slower souls com-
pliment : and taking some muffin, I '11 have
breakfasted before these pray, madams, and pray,
my dears, are seated." — lh., i. 301.
The various bibliographies in the works
on Richardson do not mention Lessing's
account of his novels, which may be read in
Karl Lachmann's edition. Lessing did not
object to Charlotte Grandison, for he refers
ii s. in. MAR. 4, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
165
to her and Harriet Byron as " junge Frauen-
zimmer von guter Erziehung, und munterer
Gemiitsart " (vol. vii. p. 399).
Some excellent remarks on the influence
of the characters of Anna Howe and of
Charlotte Grandison on the English novel
are to be found in a work by Wilhelm
Dibelius entitled * Englische Romankunst.'
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
CAPT. COOK MEMORIAL. — Now that
the long outstanding debt of Britain to its
great sailor is about to be paid by the
erection of his statue in the Metropolis, I
may call to mind, as a possible stimulus to
subscribers, the way his achievement and
death impressed the imagination of his con-
temporaries in England and on the Continent,
as shown by one or two of the monuments,
less individual than a statue, which were
raised in England and France to comme-
morate his voyages. That these should
have sometimes taken the form of tombs,
tablets, and memorials in gardens was
in the taste of the time, which had lately
brought to the highest pitch of poignancy
the Sentimental Farm of Southcote at
Woburn and the Jardin Larmoyant of
Shenstone at the Leasowes.
In Lord Temple's gardens at Stowe, for
instance (where Nelson was later com-
memorated by a seat and a walk), a monu-
ment to the memory of Cook was erected
on one of the small islands, in what was
called the Grotto River. The pedestal
supported a terrestrial globe, upon which are
delineated the equatorial, tropical, and other
lines, with the following inscription : —
Te maris et terrse numeroque carentis arena;
Mensorem.
'Twas thine to track the Ocean's endless round,
Each distant shore and Earth's extremest bound.
And in the die at the pedestal was inserted a
medallion of Captain Cook in marble and
under it a tablet
Jacobo Cook MDCCLXXVIII.
In the Garden at Mereville (erected by La
Borde, and engraved in his ' Nouveaux
Jardins de la France') was raised " Le
Tombeau de Cook " (in macabre rivalry to the
real tomb of Rousseau on the Isle of Poplars
at Ermenonville), with bas-reliefs of
savages, broken columns, and funerary
urns ; but the monument was less truly
a tribute to Cook than to La Borde' s two
sailor sons, shipmates with La Perouse,
the great French circumnavigator, who
perished in the South Seas in 1788, but whose
fate was only definitely ascertained in 1828.
At Chalfont St. Giles, Admiral Sir Hugh
Palliser, Lord of the Vache, erected a brick
building with a pedestal in front of it to
Captain James Cook, " the ablest and most
renowned navigator this or any other
country hath produced."
It is right that Cook's statue should be?
set up immediately after that of General
Wolfe ; for Cook, when Master of the
"Mercury" and not yet a Naval Lieutenant r
took the soundings in the St. Lawrence, and
made a chart of the river below Quebec,
which must have materially contributed
to the success of Wolfe's landing at the
Cove named after him and of his victory on
the Heights of Abraham. An obelisk, 100ft.
high, stands upon a hill in the Park at Stowe,
inscribed to Major-General Wolfe: —
Ostendunt terris hunc tantum Fata.
The Fates but shew him to the world.
February 14, St. Valentine's Day, is the
anniversary of Cook's death in 1779.
A. FORBES SIEVEKING.
12, Seymour Street, W.
BAPTISMAL SCARF. — At the baptism of
Earl Fitz William's son and heir at Went-
worth Woodhouse on llth February we are
told that
" the babe was borne to the chapel wrapped
in the famous Norman scarf presented to an
ancestor by William the Conqueror. This scarf
has played an important part in the christening
of Fitzwilliam heirs for centuries. It has a,
romantic history. An ancestor of the Fitz-
williams was Ambassador at the Court of William
of Normandy, and attended the Conqueror on his
expedition to England in the year 1060. Sir
William Fitzwilliam displayed such conspicuous
bravery at the battle of Hastings that the Con-
queror unfastened a scarf from his arm and pre-
sented it to him in recognition of his valour." —
Eastern Morning News, 13 Feb.
When Sir Robert Southwell was at Milton
in 1684 Lord Fitzwilliam showed him
" the antiquities of his family, amour: whom
the last twelve have been called Williams. They
have affected this name from William Fitzwilliams,
who entered with the Conqueror, and being
Marshal of the Lamp [an error for Camp] in the
famous fight of Battle Abbey, the Conqueror
gave him his own scarf in reward of his prowess-
that day. This scarf they preserve sacred, and
by custom lay it over the face of all the male
children when christened." — ' Calendar of Or-
monde MSS.,' N.S. iv. 594 (1906).
W. C. B.
SNEAK. — The * Century
Dictionary ' gives a quotation from * Rode-
rick Random ' in illustration of the meaning
of scout as a spy, a sneak, but it would seem
to have t been of decidedly earlier use. In
the * Acts of the Privy Council of England,
166
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAB. 4, 1911
Colonial Series,' vol. ii., 1680-1720, p. 607,
is given a petition dated 25 July, 1709, of
John Sober of Barbados, " forced to leave
the island, his business and family, by an
unjust prosecution forced againsMiim by the
•Governor," Mitford Crowe. In an affidavit
Sober said that
" he was so exasperated by the indecent and
unbecoming manner in which the Governor
behaved to his wife and sister that he declared
that, though he must respect her Majesty's
Oovernor, if Mr. Crowe had been a Private Man,
lie would then have said he was a scout and a
ficoundrell."
ALFRED F. BOBBINS.
SIXTEENTH - CENTURY RULES FOR SER-
VANTS.— In The Repository, a weekly review
of literature, science, and belles lettres,
published by F. Virtue, at 26, Bath Street,
Bristol, during 1827 (18 issues only, appar-
ently), I find a set of rules for servants in a
sixteenth- century country house. The rules
are stated to have been framed by John
Harington in 1566, and renewed by his son
John Harington in 1592, the year in which he
was High Sheriff of Somerset. He was the
Elizabethan poet and wit of whom an
account is given in 'D.1ST.B.,' and Kelston,
near Bath, was his home : —
Imprimis, That no servant bee absent from
praier, at morning or evening without a lawfull
excuse, to be alleged within one day after, vppon
paine to forfeit for euery tyme Id.
II. Item, That none swear any othe, vppon
paine for euery othe, Id.
III. Item, That none of the men be in bed,
from our Lady-day to Michaelmas, after 6 of the
clock in the morning ; nor out of his bed after 10
of the clock at night ; nor from Michaelmas till
our La,dy-day, in bed after 7 in the morning, nor
out after 9 at night, without reasonable cause,
on paine of 2d.
V. That no man's bed be vnmade, nor fire or
candle-box vnclean, after 8 of the clock in the
morning, on paine of Id.
VII. Item, That no man teach any of the
children any vnhonest speeche, or evil word, or
•othe, on paine of 4d£.
VIII. Item, That no man waite at the table
without a trencher in his hand, except it be vppon
some good cause, on paine of Id.
IX. Item, That no man appointed to waite at
jny table be absent that meale, without reasonabel
cause, on paine of Id.
X. Item, If any man break a glasse, hec shall
aunswer the price thereof out of his wages ; and
if it bee not known who breake it, the butler shall
pay for it, on paine of 12d.
XI. Item, The table rmist be couered halfe an
houer before 11 at dinner, and 6 at supper, or
before, on paine of 2d.
XII. Item, That meate be readie at 11, or
XIII. Item, That none be absent, without
leaue or good cause, the whole day, or any part
of it, on paine of 4tf.
XIV. Item, That no man strike his fellow, on
paine of loss of seruice ; nor reuile or threaten,
or prouoke another to strike, on paine of I2d.
XV. Item, That no man come to the kitchen
without reasonable cause, on paine of Id.
XVI. Item, That none toy with the maids, on
paine of 4d.
XVII. That no man weare foule shirt on
Sunday, nor broken hose or shooes, or dublett
without buttons, on paine of If7.
XVIII. Item, That when any stranger goeth
hence, the chamber be drest vp againe within
4 howrs after, on paine of Id.
XIX. Item, That the hall be made cleane
euery day, by eight in the winter and seauen
in the summer, on paine of him that should do
it to forfeit Id.
XX. That the cowrt-gate bee shutt each
meale, and not opened during dinner and supper,
without just cause, on paine the porter to forfeit
for euery time Id.
XXI. Item, that all stayrs in the house, and
other rooms that neede shall require, bee made
cleane on Fryday after dinner, on paine of
forfeyture of euery one whome it shall belong vnto,
3rf.
All which sommes shall be duly paide each
quarter-day out of their wages, and bestowed on
the poore, or other godly vse.
CHARLES WELLS.
134, Cromwell Road, Bristol.
STICKLAC. — The following appears to be
an early instance of the use of this substance,
as well as of the word itself. Lac, it is well
known, is the resinous substance produced
mainly upon the Ficus Indica, or Banyan
tree, by the Coccus Ficus or Coccus Lacca,
sticklac being the substance in its natural
state. The earliest mention I find of its
use in this country, apart from the newspaper
quotation given below, is in Rees's ' Cyclo-
paedia ' : —
" The price (of lac) in Dacca, in 1781, says Mr.
Kerr, was about 12*. the hundred pounds weight,
although brought from the distant country of
Assam."
But among other commodities to be sold by
auction in 1742 (Daily Advertiser, 23 Jan.
of that year), was " six hundred weight of
Sticklack."
J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
YEWS IN CHURCHYARDS. — Some little
time ago the subject of churchyard yews
was discussed in ' N. & Q.' The following
information is taken from ' Le Folk-Lore
de France,' by P. Sebillot, iii. 406. The
yew is the consecrated tree (Farbre consacre)
in Breton graveyards, where ordinarily there
is only one ; it is said that it shoots out a
root into the mouth of each of the dead.
In Poitou the grave-yards are in general
before, at dinner ; and 6, or before, at supper, on in -™ *;*<* '"*
paine of Gd. I planted with walnut-trees, some of those of
ii s. in. MAR. 4, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
167
Cotentin with thorns. Not long ago apple-
trees were still to be seen in certain grave-
yards of High Brittany which lay round
churches ; it was the same in Normandy,
.and the authors of the vaux-de-vire make
allusion to the antiquity of the custom.
P. W. G. M.
floras.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
BETHLEM ROYAL HOSPITAL. — I am com-
pleting my ' History of Bedlam,' and should
be glad of information from any readers
of ' N. & Q.' I have been unable to trace
the whereabouts of a picture by Hogarth,
who painted the exterior of Bethlehem
Hospital in Moorfields ; and I cannot find
in the Museum Print-Room caricatures by
Gillray of Fox and Burke in Bedlam
(1784 and 1789).
E. G. O'DoNOGHUE, Chaplain.
" GENTLEMAN " : " ARMIGER " : " PRIVI-
LEGIATUS." - — In Foster's 'Alumni Oxoni-
enses ' the fathers of some of the alumni are
described as gent., of others as arm. What
distinction of meaning is here intended
between gentleman and armiger ?
And what does privileciiatus mean in such
entries as the following ? " Adee, Ed-
mund, toiisor ; privilegiatus 18 July, 1740."
BLADUD. .
JFor armiger see the references cited in the
torial note at 10 S. vii. 109.]
HONORARY DEGREES AT CAMBRIDGE. — I
am informed that until some not very distant
date there was a practice at Cambridge of
conferring honorary degrees on all applicants
who could prove a connexion or relation-
ship, direct or collateral, with the Royal
Family. I should be glad to learn if this was
so in fact ; and, if so, how long the custom
lasted, the nature of the degree, whether
there was any special name by which such
degrees were known, and whether any list
of the recipients is accessible.
ALAN STEWART.
TENNYSON'S 'FLOWER IN THE CRANNIED
WALL.' — Where was Tennyson's poem,
* Flower in the crannied wall,' &c., pub-
lished ? It is quoted in Sir Norman Lock-
yer's ' Tennyson as a Student,' &c., with
an apparent reference to ' Amphion,' but
it is not there. It is not mentioned in
Brightwell's Concordance. It is quoted in
'N.E.D.' s.v. " Crannied," but without the
reference— -a very unusual thing with the
' N.E.D.' H. N. ELLACOMBE.
Bitton Vicarage, Bristol.
[The " Eversley Edition " of Tennyson (1908),
' Poems,' vol. ii. p. 376, has a note saying : —
" [First published in 1869. — ED.] The flower
was plucked out of a wall at ' Waggoners Wells '
near Haslemere."
On the other hand, according to Mr. T. J.
Wise's ' Bibliography of Tennyson,' privately
printed, 1908, vol. i. p. 214, the little poem first
appeared in ' The Holy Grail, and other Poems '
(1870). It now appears just before the ' Experi-
ments ' in metre. The reference in Sir N.
Lockyer's book, " p. 240," clearly refers to the
one- volume edition of Tennyson, and on that
page the poem will be found.]
ALIEN PRIORIES : THEIR CHARTTJLARIES. —
Many alien priories and similar institutions
possessed estates in England. Presumably
the chartularies of some, it not of all, of these
institutions have survived and their present
location is known. Which of these chartul-
aries have been printed, and where in
England may these publications be seen ?
In regard to the English estates, they must
contain much material for the local historian
otherwise unattainable.
J. HAMBLEY ROWE. M.B.
GOODBETER : ITS LOCALITY. — In a re-
cently published Danish MS., the diary of a
young man of science, Holger Jacobseus,
during his European travels and studies,
1671-92, he alludes to his visits to London
and Oxford. From the latter he made a trip
to Bristol, a two days' journey, through
Farringdon and " Mecksfyld " (Marshfield ?),
where he mentions stopping for the night at
Goodbeter," some village, evidently, in
Berkshire or Wiltshire. What place-name is
hidden under this form ? W. R. PRIOR.
SMALLPOX AND THE STARS. — A seventeenth-
century poet wrote a poem to one suffering
Tom smallpox, comparing the pock-marks
stars and constellations. What is the
reference ? A. S. P.
SHERSONS OF ELLEL CRAIG AND LAN-
ASTER.— Can any correspondent of 'N. & Q.'
refer me to books (such as county histories or
other antiquarian works) in which there is
mention of this family ? They were at one
ime hereditary constables of the Castle of
Lancaster, I believe. They intermarried
with the Nowells of Read. I want informa-
ion before the eighteenth century. I know
168
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. MAR. 4, 1911.
the 4 History of Whalley.' Are there anj
Shersons living in Lancaster now or in anj
part of the County Palatine ? I shall be
grateful for any notes on the family, as !
have not the opportunity to make persona
investigations on the spot.
E. STUABT SHERSON.
39, Victoria Street, Westminster, S.W.
" CACKLING CLOUTS " occurs in Ford's
'Vagabond Songs and Ballads,' Second
Series, p. 175 : —
Forth spake the mither when she saw
The bride and maidens a' sae braw,
" Wi' cackling clouts, black be their fa',
They've made a bonnie cast o't."
" CARPILLIONS " occurs in ' Poems in
English, Scotch, and Gaelic on Various
Subjects,' by John Walker, farmer, Luss,
1817, p. 89:—
Whan storms come rattlin' frae the east,
An' wife an' wee things apt to dozen,
We're oft obliged to stop a lozen,
An'carefully collect some rullions.
Like hose, or breeks, or auld carpillions,
Without regard to mode or form,
But just to screen us frae the storm.
"GAINSHOT" occurs in Sir T. Dick
Lauder's ' Moray Floods of 1829,' 3rd ed ,
pp. 316-7 :—
• i!,The north Esk. overspread the large bleach
field at Craigie Mills, which was covered with
cloths and yarn, rose to the height of 3 feet in
the mill, and, if it had not been for a rampart
raised by the people at the gainshot, by risking
their lives, the whole works might have been swept
n.\xrniT T^Vn-k >-w »»/- v •»•*••» J ,-.4-,-, •„ j J_T T • ^ .
away The proprietor measured* "the^height
; the gainshot of the mills, and found
of the water at cue ^UJIISHUL 01 i/ne mnis, an
jt 7 feet 2 inches above the ordinary level."
" HUNNIN' PIN " occurs in Lauder, on. cit ,
p. 100:—
" I then teuk for the grun', an' drappit down
on a wee bit spat [i.e. spot], where I fand an auld
cupple log, which Hugh had bought for fire. I
heezed it up. There was a hunnin' pin in't, and
that was like a stap, an' sae I gat a' doon, praised
be the Lord ! "
" KINCHIE " occurs in James Ogg's
Glints i' the Gloamin ' (1891), p. 41:—
" Hi ! Bodkin, what cheer ? "
Said the Kinchie wee man
Wi' a comical kin' o' leer..
" SUFFLEE " occurs in Isaac Brown's
Renfrewshire Characters and Scenery,'
reprinted in Motherwell's ' Poetical Works''
1881, p. 3 :—
''Mr. Brown was a manufacturer of Lappets,
Suffices, and Foundations or. as ordinarv
people would call him, a Muslin Manufacturer."
May I ask information as to the meaning
of the above words ? ALEX. WABRACK
Oxford.
PHYSICIAN'S CANE. — I understand that
down to about the beginning of the last
century physicians, when visiting patients,
suffering from infectious diseases, carried
with them, as a safeguard against con-
tagion, walking-sticks in the hollow heads
of which was cotton wool saturated with
Marseilles vinegar or other antiseptic. Can,
any of your readers, therefore, say whether
the stick in my possession is a genuine
" physician's cane " ? It is a hazel with a
natural round head. This is hollowed out,
and at the bottom are several perforations.
Over these holes (in the inside of the cavity)
is a piece of gauze, and also inside near the-
top are two perforated brass discs. The lid
or plug is a well-fitting circular piece of wood,
with a round hole in the centre.
JOHN LINN.
Kirkliston, West Lothian.
SAMUEL BYROM was the author of ' An
Irrefragable Argument, fully proving that
to discharge Great Debts 5^ less injury and
more reasonable than to discharge Small
Debts,' 1729. Is anything known of him
besides what can be gleaned from this
pamphlet ? G. F. R. B.
LATIN HEXAMETERS BY MACHINERY. —
From a volume of American essays published
in 1867 I extract the following extraordinary
passage : —
" Twenty years ago [1847] there was exhibited in
London a machine which made excellent Latin
hexameters. The unfortunate inventor had spent
thirteen years in perfecting 'The Eureka,' as he
called it. It actually ground out hexameters lik*
hose of Virgil."
I remember as a boy watching the famous
'* Automaton " at the Crystal Palace playing
;hess against all comers. Was this verse-
making machine constructed on similar
ines ? Are there any records of its doings
extant ? M. L. R. BRESLAR.
RICKETTS : GOODWIN : JOHNSON. — Capt.
William Ricketts of Bluefields Fort, Jamaica,
m. Mary, dau. of Goodwin, and grand-
daughter of Sir Francis Goodwin of Winchen-
don, Bucks, by his wife Elizabeth, dau. of
Sir Arthur, 14th Baron Grey de Wilton,
K.G.
Mrs. William Ricketts, nee Goodwin, d. 16
April, 1750 (not 1758, as stated in Burke's
Commoners ' and ' Landed Gentry '), being
hen aged 96.
Her dau. Rachel m. Thomas Johnson,
^/ieut. R.N., and had issue an only surviving
on Jacob Johnson of Springfield, Jamaica.
These Johnsons of Springfield used the
armorial bearings of the family of Johnson
ii s. m. MAR. 4, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
169
of London and Walthamstow, but had
tradition that they were of the same family
as Sir William Johnson, Bt., created 1755
The latter family, however, is known to hav<
sprung from a branch of the O'Neills o
Ulster.
I shall be glad if any of your readers can
help me to substantiate the alleged Good
win descent of Mrs. William Ricketts, anc
also aid me in tracing the ancestry o
Thomas Johnson, R.N.
ERSKINE E. WEST.
Cowper Gardens, Dublin.
FREEMAN : BEAUCHAMP : LAWRENCE. —
In the reign of Charles I. were living two
conspicuous members of the Freeman
family, bearing the same Christian name
and title : —
1. Sir Ralph Freeman of Aspeden, co
Hertford, Clothworker, was Lord Mayor oj
London 1633. His elder brother William
had been chosen Sheriff at the same time
with himself, but, excused for ill-health, died
1623, aged 68. Ralph's only child and heir.
Jane, married Sir George Sands of Lees Court,
Throwley, Kent.
2. Sir Ralph Freeman, Master of the Court
of Requests, and Master of the Mint, was
seised in 1619 (as I learn from a deed in the
Brooking-Rowe Bequest to Exeter Public
Library), together with William Freeman
and Ralph Freeman, all of London, Esquires,
in a fulling mill (i.e., cloth factory), messuage,
and land, in Buckfastleigh, Devon. A " Sir
Ralph Freeman of London," according to
Risdon, " lately had a lease " of the manor
of Ashburton in the same county.
In 1600 Martin Freeman, citizen and Fish-
monger of London, and Christopher Freeman,
of Heigham Ferrers, co. Northants, sold the
manor or mansion-house of Flaunchford in
the parishes of Reigate and Buckland,
Surrey, with lands, messuages, &c., lying in
the parishes and hamlets of Reigate, Buck-
land, Horley, Leigh, and Betchworth.
" Shortly after " 1631, Samuel Freeman
11 of Mailing " (near Maidstone, Kent) went
to New England. He is supposed to have
been a brother of Edmund Freeman, born
about 1590, who, leaving his mother resident
in Reigate, went over in 1635, was co-founder
of Plymouth Colony, of which he became
assistant governor in 1641, and a large land-
owner in Sandwich, Cape Cod. He was
" a man of consideration in England,"
"brought with him much valuable plate,"
and "presented the colony with twenty
corselets or pieces of plate -armour." He
acted, it is said, as confidential agent of the
Merchant Adventurers, and corresponded
with Mr. John Beauchamp, a London
merchant who had married Edmund's sister,
and who lived (at any rate for a time) with
the motiher in Reigate. In 1649 Beauchamp
wrote to Edmund's son-in-law in New
England notifying him that he was " sending
out Cloth and Bibles" to him, and mention-
ing "my brother Coddington " and "my
brother William Freeman."
While not wishing to trouble any one for
references to standard printed works, I
should be glad to learn of any modern com-
pilations or private records that might yield
connecting links between the above-named
persons, or between them and the Lawrence
family, through whom one of the Sir Ralphs
is found to be descended from progenitors
of the George Washington.
ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
G. RUMNEY, OR ROMNEY, RECUSANT.
Wanted the parents, wife, and children of
George Rumney or Romney, recusant,
mentioned in Westmorland and Cumber-
land (Queen Eliz.), and of St. Clement Danes
parish, London (James I.), when an order
was made for his property to be estreated
into the Exchequer, 1611. What property ?
Was Lancelot Romney of Yanwath, West-
morland, his brother ?
George Romney' s cousin was Andrew
Hilton, recusant and martyr, of Burton in
Warcop, whose mother was Anne, dau. of
Gilbert Wharton, or Isabel Barton of Orms-
head (Ormside), Appleby. A cousin of
Hilton's was the Rev. James Warcop, and an
uncle Rev. Nich. Pulleine. MRS. LAW.
SIR W. ROMNEY, LORD MAYOR. — Are any
descendants living of Sir William Romney,
Haberdasher, Lord Mayor of London, who
died 1611 ? His son William (also knighted,
[ think) married Margaret Bo water, and
lad a son William, a little boy in 1633. The
Lord Mayor's grandfather Robert Romney
was of Tetbury, Gloucestershire. Who were
lis parents ? MRS. LAW.
ROMNEY FAMILY AND LORD LIFFORD. —
'n 17 — a Romney is said to have been
brother to Lord Lifford. How was this ?
MRS. LAW.
THOMAS BARROW, ARTIST. — Are any
descendants living of Thomas Barrow,
artist ? He lived last at Southall, Middle-
sex, and died, I think, about 1820. His
daughters were Mrs. Kennal and Mrs. Ann
Walker. MRS. LAW.
44, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, W.
170
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAR. 4, 1911.
SlMON PlNCEBNA AND WESTMINSTER.
Hals in his ' History of Cornwall ' states that
Henry III. granted Lanherne in Cornwall
to Simon Pincerna " in consideration that he,
the said Simon, had enfeoffed the. said King
Henry with the lordship and manor of St.
James at Westminster."
Is anything more known of this trans-
action, and if so, where can I find an account
of it ? Where may I find genealogical
particulars of this Simon Pincerna and his
forbears ? J. HAMBLEY ROWE, M.B.
[Much information concerning the Pincernas
is supplied at 10 S. ii. 90-92.]
" B E Z A N T."
(11 S. iii. 107.)
THE Bezant was a popular festival formerly
held on Monday in Rogation week in the
town of Shaftesbury, so ancient that no
authentic record of its origin exists. It was
a formal acknowledgment on the part of the
mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of the
borough to the lord of the manor of Mit-
combe, of which Enmore Green forms part,
for the permission to use the water of that
hamlet. No charter or deed exists among
the archives of the town as to the com-
mencement of the custom, neither are there
any records of interest connected with its
observances beyond the details of the
expenses incurred from year to year. On
the. morning of Rogation Monday, the mayor
and aldermen, accompanied by a lord and
lady appointed for the occasion, and by
their mace bearers carrying the Bezant,
went in procession to Enmore Green.
The lord and lady performed at intervals
as they passed plong a traditional kind of
dance to the sound of violins ; the steward
of the manor meeting them at the green,
the mayor offered for his acceptance, as the
representative of his lord, the Bezant,
a calf's head uncooked, a gallon of ale,
and two penny loaves, with a -pair of gloves
edged with gold lace, and gave permission
to use the wells for another year. The
steward, having accepted the gifts, retaining
all for his own use except the Bezant,
which he graciously gave back, accorded the
privilege, and the ceremony ended in a
dinner given by the Corporation to their
friends.
The Bezant itself — said by Hutchins to
be worth as much as 1,500Z. — consisted of a
decorated trophy, round which were hung
ribbons, flowers, &c., fastened to a frame
about 4 ft. high, ornamented with jewels,
coins, £c., lent by persons interested.
By the town and the manor passing into
the same hands in 1830 the practice ceased.
The ancient borough, through the liberality
of the Marquis of Westminster, is now sup-
plied with water taken from an artesian
well sunk for the purpose. (See ' The Book
of Days,' vol. i. p. 585 ; Hutchins, ' History
of Dorset,' 1803, vol. ii. p. 425 ; ' Brit.
Popular Customs, Past and Present,' T. F.
Tbiselton Dyer, 1876 Bonn's Lib.)
As to the origin of the word 'Bezant there
seems much doubt. It is thought that
possibly an ancient gold coin of that name
may originally have been tendered to the
lord of the manor. Could it have any con-
nexion with the offering by the kings of
England at the Sacrament, or at festivals
so called? See * Oxford Eng. Diet.,' under
" Bezant." Bezaunce is an obsolete form of
beisance or obeisance.
An alternative account can be found in
Brand's ' Popular Antiquities' (Bolin, 1853),
quoting 'Travels of Tom Thumb,' p. 16,
in which the garland is described as a
" prize besom," and the manor to which
the acknowledgment is made is referred
to as " Gillingham." Perhaps the original
form of the word was besom, in which case
its derivation would need no explanation.
F. W. BAXTEB.
The * E.D.D.' describes this as follows :—
" The name of a ' trophy,' and of a festival
held in the town of Shaftesbury, or Shaston,
on Monday in Rogation week. The Bezant was
an acknowledgment on the part of the Borough
to the Lord of the Manor of Mitcombe for the
permission to bring up water for use from the
hamlet of Enmore Green. The festival sadly
degenerated, and in the year 1830 ceased al-
together. The ' Bezant ' which gave its name
to the festival consisted of a sort of trophy
constructed of ribbons, flowers and peacock's
feathers, fastened to a frame, about four feet high,
round which were hung jewels, coins, medals,
&c., lent for the purpose."
It refers to the 'Book of Days,' i. 585. It
also adds : —
" This use of ' bezant ' for an offering may be
compared with its use for the name of a certain
offering made by the Kings of England at the
Sacrament or at festivals, and by French Kings at
their Coronation."
The ' N.E.D.' derives it from Byzantium,
where it was first struck as a gold coin
" seemingly identical with the Roman
solidus, or aureus" It was current in
Europe from the ninth century, but was
n s. in. MAR. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
171
superseded in England by the noble, a coin
of Edward III. It was used by Wyclif to
translate both the Latin words talentum
and drachma. A quotation from E. Cham-
berlayne (1667) is : " The gold offered by the
King at the Altar, when he receives the
Sacrament, is still called the Byzant."
ERNEST B. SAVAGE, F.S.A.
St. Thomas', Douglas.
[Replies also from W. B. H., J. H. M., L. S., C. C.,
H. J. B. C., W. C. B., E. A. F., and M. C. L.j
WALTER HADDON (11 S. iii. 128).— Walter
Haddon (1516-1572) was a fairly well-
known personage in the reigns of Ed-
ward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth. By the last-
named he was appointed Master of Requests,
an Ecclesiastical Commissioner, and Judge
of the Prerogative Court. In his earlier
days he had been Regius Professor of Civil
Law at Cambridge, and had held in succession
the Mastership of Trinity Hall and the
Presidency of Magdalen College, Oxford.
His life by the late Mr. Thompson Cooper
fills nearly six columns in the ' D.N.B.,'
and there is a long list of his works and of the
authorities for his life in ' Athenae Cantabri-
gienses,' where will be found the inscription
on his monument in Christchurch, Newgate
Street, as it existed before the great fire.
His * Lucubrationes ' and * Poemata ' were
collected and edited by Thomas Hatcher
in 1567. On p. 46 of the present volume
of ' N. & Q.,' I identified a Latin line written
in a Cambridge MS. as being taken from a
poem of Haddon's. EDWARD BENSLY.
" Gualterus Haddonus " is, of course, " Dr.
Walter Haddon, one of the finest Learning,
and of the most Ciceronian stile in England,"
as Strype says in his * Life of Sir Thomas
Smith,' p. 200 in the edition published in 1698.
Haddon was the friend of Sir John Cheke,
Sir Thomas Smith, Roger Ascham, and other
famous men of Tudor times. To Ascham' s
' Toxophilus,' printed in 1545, ' Gualterus
Haddonus Cantabrigiensis ' contributes a
Latin poem of ten lines in which he praises
the author and his book. A list of his works,
mostly written in the then " universal lan-
guage," is given in Lowndes's * Biblio-
grapher's Manual of English Literature '
(Pickering's ed., 1834).
JOHN T. CURRY.
For a full account of the above see
* Dictionary of National Biography '
(original edition), vol. xxiii. p. 429.
A. R. BAYLEY.
ADDERS' FAT AS A CURE FOR DEAFXESS
(US. iii. 69, 117).— Whether this specific
for deafness has the support of antiquity
or not, there is no doubt that the belief,
mentioned at the last reference, in prepara-
tions from the viper as remedies for snake-
bite is a very old one. See Pliny's ' Natural
History,' Bk. xxix., ch. 4, §§ 69, foil., where
he mentions a method of boiling down vipers'
fat in oil. Jeremy Taylor reminds us of the
change of " theriacum " into a homely
English word when, in his sermon on ' The
Christian's Conquest over the Body of Sin,'
he writes : " Non solum viperam terirmLS, sed
ex ea antidotum conficimus ; we kill the
viper, and make treacle of him ; that is, not
only escape from, but get advantages by
temptations." Readers of ' Lavengro ' will
remember the old viper-hunter in chapter iv.
who tells Borrow : "I hunt them mostly for
the fat which they contain, out of which
I make unguents which are good for various
sore troubles, especially for the rheumatism."
EDWARD BENSLY.
At the first reference the man killing
adders is spoken of in the present tense as
still carrying on operations on the line from
Tunbridge Wells to Brighton. In the second
reference a correspondent relates how a man
was similarly employed near the same locality
about sixty years ago. Jesse's ' Gleanings
in Natural History,' first published about
1835, corroborates the second statement.
The author says : " When I was lately at
Brighton, I met with a man who employed
himself in summer in catching adders, the
fat of which he preserved and sold as a
sovereign remedy for hurts and swellings."
Is there anything hereditary in this employ-
ment ? SCRUTATOR'S adder-killer cannot
possibly be the same person that Jesse speaks
of. O.
EAR- PIERCING (11 S. iii. 149). — As to
ear-piercing in boys for initiatory rites I
know nothing, but from long experience
in hospital work I can state that many
cases have come before me in which the ears
have been pierced for the cure of chronic eye
disorders — especially phlyctenular ophthal-
mia and blepharitis. The procedure may
not be wholly superstitious, because the
slow healing of the wounded ears, likely to
occur in such patients, might conceivably
benefit the eyes or eyelids by acting as
does a seton or blister. More scientific
remedies have quite discredited setons, but
fifty or sixty years ago these \\ere commonly
used. A well-known ophthalmic surgeon
172
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. MAR. 4, 1911.
was in the habit of putting a silk seton
behind the ears in the cases above men-
tioned, and with the watching and attention
required made large fees by this treatment —
so much so that he said " his life was hang-
ing on a thread " ! GEORGE WHERRY.
Cambridge.
I believe it is still a custom among men
and women in the South of Europe (Italy
and Spain) to wear ear-rings and to have the
ears pierced for the purpose. In Hungary,
I remember it was the jeweller who performed
the operation on baby girls when supplying
the first earrings. L. L. K.
MURDERERS REPRIEVED FOR MARRIAGE
(11 S. iii. 129). — I have never heard of any
particular town where murderers were
reprieved for marriage, but when a boy I
remember hearing these lines : —
A murderer mounted in a cart
Was going to be hanged ;
Reprieve to him was granted
And the crowd and cart did stand.
He was asked if he would marry a wife,
Or otherwise choose to die.
" O why should I torment my life ? "
The culprit did reply ;
" The bargain's bad in every part,
But a wife's the worst, drive on the cart ! "
JOHN BAVINGTON JONES.
Was this supposed custom confined to any
particular town, and was it not essential
that the woman should be a virgin ?
MichaeU. Susan, being a maide
May begge me from the gallows of the shriefe.
Alice* Trust not to that, Michaell.
MichaelL You cannot tell me, I have seen it.
' Arden of Faversham,' I. i. 167-70.
Here the custom was evidently known at
Faversham in Kent. And in Marston's
' Insatiate Countess,' iii. 3 (scene Italy) : —
Abigail. Well, we will bring them to the gallows,
and then, like kind virgins, beg their lives.
Bullen has a note at p. 190 of the third
volume of his edition of Marston in which
he refers to Plutarch's life of ' Numa.'
I am not aware that English law was ever
cognizant of such customs.
P. A. McELWAINE.
AMERICAN WORDS AND PHRASES (11 S. iii.
48). — The unterrified. — Though I am unable
to answer MR. THORNTON'S question as to
who first applied this term to the demo-
cratic party, I can at least show that it
was in use in 1840. In The Atlas, a Boston
paper, of 4 Sept., 1840, a paragraph about
the election in Vermont is headed " The
Unterrified Green Mountain Boys' Respond-
ing " (p. 2/2). And in the same paper of
12 Nov., 1840, p. 2/3, a letter ends as follows :
** And if any of the ' unterrified democrats *
can answer this question it would confer
a particular favor on a Real Hard Ciderite."
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
"GEORGE INN" AT WOBURN (11 S. iii.
147). — Woburn, Bedfordshire, was my home.
It consists of four streets, which meet at
the Market Place. At the angle of Park
Street and George Street, there stands a
large inn, which was famous in posting days,
and was called immemorially " The George.'*
The name was changed to " The Bedford
Arms " before 1853, when I was born ;
but I remember that, when I was a child,
the old inhabitants still called it "The
George." G. W. E. R.
"HAD I WIST" (11 S. iii. 129).— This
phrase cannot possibly have been the name
of an Anglo-Saxon bogy, since fchere is
nothing Anglo-Saxon about any of its three
component parts. It is true that the O.E.
adjective gewiss survived in M.E. as iwis
sometimes erroneously spelt / wiss, as if it
were the pronoun I with a verb wiss, but
wist or iwist as a past participle does not
occur before the M.E. period, the O.E.
past participle being witen. The use of this
phrase, which means "if I had known,"
as a noun — not as a proper name — seems
to have been introduced by Gower in his
* Confessio Amantis ' for it is from this poem
(i. 105) that the ' N.E.D.' quotes the earliest
instance.
I do not remember — and cannot very well
ascertain — whether the phrase occurs as a
proper name in ' Piers the Plowman,' a most
likely place for such an expressive name ;
if it does, Gower may have been indebted
for it to Langland or whoever else may
have been the author of the poem popular
in Gower's days. The fact that the ' N.E.D.'
does not mention ' Piers ' as the source,
makes it very unlikely, though.
To the ' N.E.D.' quotations, which show
some variety of spelling — had I wist, hadde-y-
wyste, had I wyst, hadiwist, may be added
the title of a poem in the ' Paradise of Dainty
Devices,' Beware of Had-I-Wyst and the
following line from the well-known passage
describing a " suters state " in Spenser's
'Mother Hubberd's Tale,' "to sue for
had ywist, that few have found, and manie
one hath mist ! " J- F. BENSE.
n s. m. MAR. 4, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
173
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHRISTIAN NAME (US. ii. 328, 374, 394,
437, 534 ; iii. 92). — In the ' London Marriage
Licenses ' (Foster's edition) are at least four
instances of " Essex " used as a female
Christian name: Col. 130, "Richard Bynns
and Ef.sex Ingram (Spinster), 1687." Col.
420, " James Drax and Essex Lake (Spinster),
1662/3." Col. 948, " Sir Roger Mostyn and
Lady Essex Finch (Spinster), 1703," Col.
1085, " Hon. John Poulett and Essex Pop-
ham (Spinster), 1663." DIEGO.
Lodge's ' Peerage ' gives, under the title of
Baron Mostyn, " Hon. Essex, born 22 Oct.,
1833." E. L. H. TEW.
Upham Rectory.
ALEXANDER HOLMES, 1848 (US. iii. 70).—
A copy of The Times for 1848 can be seen,
I believe, at the Advocate's Library, Edin-
burgh. The Catalogue of the Library would
lead one to infer as much. Another copy
may be seen at Glasgow in the " Stirling's
and Glasgow Public Library." Files of the
journal are no doubt preserved at the British
Museum, but in a building, I understand,
apart from the Library. SCOTTJS.
" LOVE ME, LOVE MY DOG " (11 S. ii. 522 ;
iii. 51, 113). — The St. Bernard about whom
MR. MACMICHAEL asks is St. Bernard of
Clairvaux. The words immediately follow-
ing those quoted are
<l Nos vero, o beati Angeli, catelli sumus Domini
illius, quern tanto affectu diligitis ; catelli, inquam,
sapientes saturari de micis, quae cadunt de mensa
dominorum nostrorum, qui esbis vos."
This proverb is traced back at least as
early as the first half of the eleventh century.
In enlarged editions of the ' Adagia ' (e.g.,
1629, p. 776) the proverb " Qui amat me,
amat et canem meum " is, with others, such
as " Qui nimium festinat, caldum edit," dis-
tinguished from those that have come down
from antiquity. EDWARD BENSLY.
"No GREAT SHAKES" (11 S. iii. 129). —
At 5 S. viii. 184 the following appeared in a
note on this subject: —
"In California a shake is a large-sized shingle for
roofing buildings, and, taking it in that sense, the
slang expression becomes perfectly clear, and indi-
cates that a poor bargain, or a person or thing of
little account or value, is in the same relation to a
good one that a shingle is to a shake. The distinc-
tion between a shake and a shingle probably still
exists in the shingle -using counties of England,
and was doubtless formerly exported thence to
America."
Admiral Smythe's explanation seems less
probable. He says it is a term expressing
little value, and derived from the taking
to pieces of a cask and packing up the parts,
which are then termed " shakes " (' Sailor's-
Word-Book ' ). J. HOLD EN MACMICHAEL.
ORDINARIES or NEWGATE (11 S iii. 86). —
After the attempt to secure the appoint-
ment of Silas Told in Oct., 1773, 1 have come
across no reference to the successor of the
Rev. John Wood as Ordinary of Newgate
until 8 February, 1774, when, according to-
The London Magazine, p. 97, of that year,
the Rev. John Villette was elected to the
post by the Court of Aldermen.
HORACE BLEACKLEY
COL. OAKES AND QUEEN CAROLINE'S
FUNERAL (11 S. iii. 69). — The Monthly
Magazine for 1821, pt. ii. p. 138, states that,
upon the people commencing to barricade
Edgware Road, a party of Horse Guards
charged, and were received by volleys of
stones, upon which a boy officer fired his
pistol and shot an inoffensive man, when the
troops began a general firing, by which
another innocent man was killed and many
wounded.
This could hardly refer to Oakes, who
was then Brevet-Major. He was promoted
to the rank of Major 6 Sept., 1822, and to
that of Lieut. -Colonel 25 Jan , 1823, and
appears to have been placed on the half -pay
list on 12 June, 1823. However, in January,
1832, he again appears on the active list as
Major and Lieut. -Colonel of the 2nd Life
Guards, but he resigned the same year.
He married 1 March, 1828, at St George's,
Hanover Square, Sophia Charlotte, dau. of
Edward Fletcher, of Park Street, by whom he
had issue. F. M. R. HOLWORTHY.
UNDERGROUND SOHO (11 S. iii. 127). —
This subterranean passage evidently only
crosses the north-east corner of the square.
If its direction was west to east it might have
been a means of communication between the
first and second Carlisle House situated
respectively in King's Square Court (now
Carlisle Street) and on the site of St. Patrick's
Chapel. Or was it used for some sinister
purpose by Mrs. - Comely 's guests ? Sir
Walter Besant, who worked up the local colour
of his novels by actual observation, knew
nothing of it. When Jenny's house is
besieged by "the company of Vengance "
(' The Orange Girl,' chap, xiii.), she escapes
by stepping out of the garden gate into
Sutton Street. Of the wine cellars in
William and Mary Passage probably nothing
more can be said than that they are cellars
174
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAR. 4, 1911.
originally belonging to some of the larger
houses common to this neighbourhood.
There could be no occasion for William III.
to stable his horses here underground when
the King's Mews at Charing Cross were more
convenient for Whitehall or St. James's
Palace, and infinitely more suitable.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
PYRRHUS'S TOE (11 S. iii. 89, 131).—
This query has already been fully and
satisfactorily answered by PROF. BENSLEY
and other correspondents, but I wish to raise
& side-issue with regard to textual readings.
In the first edition of ' Hydriotaphia,'
published in 1658, Sir Thomas Browne says :
*' How they made distinct separation of
bones and ashes from fiery admixture, hath
found no historical solution. Though they
seemed to make a distinct collection, and
overlooked not Pyrrhus his toe." In the
" Came lot Classics " edition of Browne's
* Hydriotaphia,' edited by Mr. J. A. Symonds,
London, 1886, the concluding words ot
Browne's sentence are expanded into
'*. . . .overlooked not Pyrrhus his toe which
could not be burnt."
Where did Mr. Symonds obtain his reading?
Or are the words, " which could not be
burnt," meant to be an interpolation inserted
in the text for the purpose of explaining the
allusion to Pyrrhus's toe ? Surely Mr.
Symonds would never have done that.
S. W. S.
THE STAIR DIVORCE, 1820 (US. ii. 489;
iii. 74). — The new ' Scots Peerage,' iii. 414,
states, under " Dysart " (Laura, youngest
daughter of Louisa, Countess of Dysart,
and John Manners), that the marriage
'referred to "was annulled in June, 1820,
by the Lords of Session in Edinburgh." Has
MR. J. M. BULLOCH, in making his research,
kept in mind the facts that in June, 1820, the
sixth Earl of Stair was alive, and that his
successor bore no courtesy title, but was
simply John William Henry Dalrymple ?
B. B.
Manila.
' DEATH OF CAPT. COOK '(US. iii. 87, 132).
— John Darley, born at Birmingham in 1765,
his parents' only child, emigrated with his
father to America about 1790, and first
appeared on the stage there in 1794. He
subsequently joined the United States Navy,
and rose to be lieutenant of Marines. In
1800 he retired from the Navy, married
Eleonora Westry, an actress, and returned
to the stage, appearing at the Park Theatre,
New York, on 20 July, 1801. He was a
good singer, and played Frenchmen and
walking gentlemen well. He died at Phila-
delphia, U.S.A., in 1853. His youngest son,
Felix Octavius Carr Darley, born 1822,
died 1888, was an eminent artist and
engraver ; the emblematic figures for Ameri-
can bank notes were designed by him, and
his illustrations of numerous American
authors were much admired.
The Gentleman's Magazine contains the
following records : —
1794, November 1, the marriage of Mr-
Darley to Miss Sadler, both of the Lincoln coin"
paiiy of comedians.
1809, June IB, the death at age of 58 of Mr.
Darley, formerly well known as a vocal per-
former at Vauxhall and Covent Garden theatre.
Doubtless this was the Darley who
appeared at Covent Garden in the ' Death of
Capt. Cook ' in March, 1789. MB. WM.
DOUGLAS in his reply (11 S. iii. 132) states he
was a native of Birmingham, and went to
America in 1799. Is there not some con-
fusion between this individual and John
Darley the actor who died at Philadelphia
in 1853 ?
Was there any connexion between Darley
the actor of Covent Garden and Vauxhall
and James and Mathew Darly of 39,
Strand, the well-known publishers of carica-
tures between 1766 and 1773 ?
H. S. GUINNESS.
Stillorgan, co. Dublin.
SPIDER'S WEB AND FEVER (US. ii. 109,
194 ; iii. 96). — Of the spider Paracelsus
says (I quote from a " faithfully Englished "
version of his ' Dispensatory,' by W. D.,
published 1656) : —
" The Spider is a hateful creature, yet it is of
great vertue against Quotidian feavers : put the
spider in a nut-shell, and shut it up close in it,
and let the diseased person carry it about him,
but he must not know what it is ; let him carry
it four dayes, and he shall be well."
The spider never had a place in our
official materia medica, but it seems to have
been more esteemed in France. Lemery,
in his ' Traite Universal des Drogues
Simples,' says it is esteemed
" pour les fievres interminantes & particuliere-
ment pour la fievre quarte, £tant ecrasee &
appliquee au poignet, ou etant enfermee vivante
dans une coquille de noix & attached au cou &
1' entree de 1'acces."
The web he describes as " vulneraire,
astringente, consolidante," and recommends
it for stopping blood and other purposes.
I quote from the edition of 1723.
C. C. B.
n s. in. MAR. 4, ML] NOTES AND QUERIES.
175
SIR WALTER RALEIGH AND TOBACCO
(US. ii. 489 ; iii. 34).— It was old ale and
nutmeg not small beer that traditionally
extinguished Raleigh's quiet smoke. The
story as related in ' The British Apollo ' is
quite clear on this point :
" and generall indulg'd himself in Smoaking
secretly, two pipes a Day ; at which time he
order'd a Simple Fellow, who waited, to bring
him up a Tankard of old Ale and Nutmeg, alway
laying aside the Pipe, when he heard his servant
coming."
The story is correctly epitomized in the
late Mr. W. Niven's ' Selections from
" The British Apollo," ' 1903, p. 92.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
The incident is given in the Rev. I. Taylor's
* Scenes of British Wealth in Produce,
Manufactures, and Commerce, 1825,' pp.
69-70 :—
"It was from the North American Indians we
took the fashion of tobacco smoking. Sir Walter
Raleigh when Virginia was first discovered, brought
some over. The first time he smoked it M'as in
private. He had called his servant for a jug of
water ; when the man brought it in, he saw smoke
coming from his master's mouth, and naturally
supposing he was on fire, he as naturally threw the
jug of water over him, to put it out."
The illustration attached depicts the servant
in the act. WM. JAGGARD.
" VAIL " : ITS USE BY SCOTT (US. iii. 86,
131). — Messrs. A. & C. Black may probably
care to know that the copy of the ' Talis-
man ' to which I referred is dated 1879
and bears their own imprimatur. It has
" veiled not their bonnets" in chap, xxiv.,
and " I will not veil my crest " in the ballad
of ' The Bloody Vest,' chap. xxvi. Surely
the publishers do not mean to imply that the
reading in the latter case is that which the
author intended. THOMAS BAYNE.
INSCRIPTIONS IN CHURCHES, &c. (11 S.
ii. 389, 453, 492, 537 ; iii. 57, 97).— I am
glad to learn where the jocular comment
on the tombstone inscription beginning "As
I am now," &c., is to be found, for I have
known it many years, only my version
ran : —
To this by no means I consent
Unless I know which way you went.
H. A. ST. J. M.
PARISH FORMATION (US. iii. 88). — Some-
thing about the origin of parishes will be
found in Fosbroke's ' Encyclopaedia of
Antiquities,' 1843, s.v. ' Obsolete Ecclesiasti-
cal Matters,' vol. ii. p. 799 ; in Cowel's
' Interpreter ' ; and in Walcott's ' Sacred
Archaeology. ' No doubt also Smith and
Cheetham's 'Diet. Christ. Antiq.' would
afford further information, and Blackstone's
' Commentaries,' but my copy has gone
wrong in pagination.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
"STICK-IN-THE-MUD" (11 S. iii. 106). —
This expression is commonly in use at the
present day in Somerset and other parts of
the West of England, and is generally
applied to a man who is slow in movement or
in business. Its equivalent is " slow-coach,"
which is also frequently used. C. T.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FOLK-LORE (11 S. iii.
7). — With regard to the promised " Biblio-
graphy of Folk-Lore by Thomas Satchell "
to be issued by the Folk-Lore Society,
one can but echo the query of MR. GERISH,
" When will the project be realized ? "
Something has evidently prevented the
fulfilment of the thirty-years-old promise.
Towards the end of last century, a series of
papers on the 'Bibliography of Folk-Lore,'
written by Sir G. L. Gomme, appeared
in The Folk-lore Record. This looks as if
the projected work, announced in 1879, had
been abandoned by the publishers, Mr.
Gomme's bibliography has never, I believe,
been issued in book form. W. S. S.
GRATIOTJS OR GRACINES STREET = GRACE-
CHURCH STREET (11 S. iii. 149). — Accord-
ing to Hobben's ' London Street Names '
the present name dates from the rebuilding of
the church after the Great Fire. Stow says
it was named Grass Church originally from
the parish church of St. Benet from the herb
market there kept. Since that time it has
been called Grasse Street, Grastreet, and
Gracious Street.
WlLLOUGHBY MAYCOCK.
It is quite likely that Grace church Street
was called Gracious Street long before
The Nine Worthies of London,' 1592. Its
earliest known spelling will, no doubt,
account for "Gracious." This was " Gras
church " or " Graschurche." Richard le
Coidewanere of Grascherche was, in the
thirteenth year of Edward II., 1320, hauled
over the coals for making shoes of unlawful
material ('Cal. Letter - Book E' of the
City of London). Again, in Letter -Book
F, Ed. III., 1347, John de Burstalle is
accused cf fraudulently enhancing the price
of wheat in the corn-market at " Gras-
chirche." Then again (Letter Book G,
46 Ed. III., 1372), blacksmiths are ordered
to send their work into the open market of
176
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. HI. MAR. 4, ion.
" Graschirche." This was to prevent their
selling " false work " in a hole-aiid-cornei
way by wandering about the city or suburb.
It is well known that Grass-Church Street
was the original form because of the herb-
market kept there (Stow) ; but there was, at
the beginning of the eighteenth century, a
Gracious Alley in Wellclose Square (W.
Stow's ' Stranger's Guide '), known pre-
viously (Dodsley's 'Environs') as Grace
Street. Also, later, in Lockie and Elmes.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEI..
FAIRFAX: SAYBE : MAUNSELL (11 S.
iii. 88). — Perhaps the information desired
is to be found in ' Original Memoirs of Sir
Thomas Fairfax,' written by himself daring
the Great Civil War, printed by Hargrove
& Sons, and S3ld by them at Knaresborough
and Harrogate, also by Longman, Hurst &
Co., London, Wilson & Son, York, and other
booksellers, 1810, duodecimo ; ' The
Families of Ga soigne and Fairfax,' by Wm.
Brailsford, in The Antiquary, May, 1884 ;
' A Collection of Autograph Letters, written
by various eminent persons of the ancient
and noble family of Fairfax ' (fifty-two
of these are de3cribed in Thomas Thorpe's
' Sale Catalogue of Manuscripts,' 1831,
pp. 136-9) ; Whitaker's * Leeds ' (Fairfax of
Walton) ; ' Fairfax Wills of Norfolk and
Suffolk ' (Northern Genealogist, 1895, vol. i.
p. 49) ; ' Fairfax Wills at Carlisle,' p. 92,
ibid. ; and at Worcester, ib., p. 946. See also
' Analecta Faiifaxiana,' a manuscript on
vellum, consisting of historical, genealogical,
and other collections and records relating to
the various branches of the family of Fairfax
preserved in the family down to the present
time, illustrated by drawings of arms, &c.
J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
KEATS, HAMPSTEAD, AND SIB C. W.
DILKE (11 S. iii. 145).— Excellent as this
impending endowment of the Hampstead
Public Library with Keats relics appears, it
has many serious disadvantages, and for
lovers of the poet generally it would be
preferable to see the gift diverted to the
British^ Museum. The Branch Library
near Keats Grove may be appropriate by
sentiment for such memorials, but it is
unfitted in every other sense and circum-
stance. MB. CECIL CLABKE will, I am sure,
realize that local library committees are,
as at present constituted, not suitable
custodians of relics of national interest, and
the administration generally at Hampstead
has not given evidence of exceptional
fitness. So in the event of the bequest
being diverted to the British Museum, there-
will result a loss to the few at Hampstead
and a gain to the world generally.
ALECK ABBAHAMS.
LEADEB OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
(11 S. iii. 108).— The title "leader of the
House of Commons " cannot well go further
back than 1680 or thereabouts, when
members of Parliament became separated
into two distinct divisions. The two divi-
sions were at first termed Addressers (or
Petitioners) and Abhorrers, but these name&
were soon merged into the better-known
titles of Whigs and Tories. Curiously
enough, the Whigs are said to have been
originally far better organized and dis-
ciplined and more obedient to their leaders
than were the Tories. As a party cannot
well exist and prosper without a leader, it
is probable that the recognized head of the
Whigs or Tories, in power at the moment,
became known for the time being as the
" leader of the House of Commons." Pos-
sibly the title originated in the time of
Queen Anne. Sir Robert Walpole seems a
likely enough person to have been so dis-
tinguished. S. S.
ABSINTHE-DBINKING : ITS OBIGIN (11 S.
iii. 149). — :I remember being told in Paris,
some time in the seventies, that absinthe
was then used by the French troops in
Algeria as a febrifuge; also, that they could
not drink the water of the country with
safety unless they added the bitter draught
to it. These troops were further credited
with introducing the "mazagran" (or large
glass-full of light coffee without milk) into
France. This drink was held to be a pro-
tection from malaria. DUBLINEB.
AMPHISBJENIC BOOK (11 S. iii. 89). — An
instance of an amphisbaenic book is a pam-
phlet or book entitled " The Great Question :
Tariff Reform or Free Trade ? By L. M. S.
Amery." Turn the book upside down, and
begin at the other end, and you find a
different cover, a title-page bearing the
title " The Great Question : Free Trade or
Tariff Reform ? By J. M. Robertson,
M.P.," and a fresh book. This work was
published in London, 1909. LANGABUS.
Out of many thousands of volumes that
I have handled at different times I can only
recall two specimens of the kind of publica-
tion referred to by Q. V. One of these was
a " Staff Kalendar " with " Supplement,"
somewhat similar to that described in the
query. The other was a devotional text-
ii s. HI. MAE. 4, i9Li.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
177
book, issued by Marcus Ward & Co., London,
entitled ' The Anchor : The Haven,' by the
author of 'Morning and Night Watches.'
Scripture texts with appropriate pieces of
poetry were given for every morning for
a, month. In the inverted order the evening
was similarly provided for. Each of the
portions (morning and evening) of the
booklet numbered 75 pp. respectively. U.
WATER SHOES FOB WALKING ON THE
WATER : GEORGE F. PARRATT (11 S. ii. 485 ;
iii. 77).— The initial letter F. should be
inserted before Parratt. The exhibition of
*' life-saving " inventions of which I wrote
(ante, p. 77) took place, I think, at least
25 years ago.
I think that the s.s. Castalia, in her early
days running between England and France,
•ceased to be a small pox hospital several
years ago. In my note I ought to have
made it plain that Parratt was not the in-
ventor of the indiarubber boat with the
stocking legs. His only invention, exhibited
on the occasion referred to, was the pontoon
life-boat, which drifted helplessly away and
was towed back by an ordinary life-boat,
which was in attendance.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
PHIPPS OR PHIP FAMILY (11 S. iii. 49).—
According to Coates, in his ' History of
Reading,' a token was issued by Thomas
Phipps (see p 460), " A man dipping candles,
Thomas Phipps of Redding 1652 T.P-E." ;
and at p. 445 there is an account of Sir
Constantine Phipps, stating " there is a
tradition that he was born at Reading."
R. J. FYNMORE.
LEA WILSON'S COLLECTION or BIBLES
{11 S. iii. 88).— Mr. Lea Wilson printed a
limited number of copies of his " Collection
of Bibles " for presentation to his friends.
If I remember aright, 150 copies in all were
printed, some of which were offered for sale.
I have no note of his collection having ever
been dispersed, and cannot tell what has
become of it. Of the three editions of the
Psalms mentioned in the query, that printed
At Middelburg in 1599 finds a place in
•Cotton's " Editions of the Bible," but is there
only named as being in the Lea Wilson col-
lection. The two Scottish editions, by
Rabon of Aberdeen and Hart of Edinburgh,
appear among " Books printed in Scotland
before 1700," but the author, Mr. Aldis,
Apparently derives his information from
the Lea Wilson catalogue, and does not
state where copies of them may now be found.
S. S. W.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
iii. 147).— The " Scot " of MR. W. E. WILSON'S
first quotation must, I think, be George
Buchanan, the work referred to being his
' De Jure Regni apud Scotos ' (1579). With
regard to the " Jesuit " here meant, Juan
Mariana's ' De Rege et Regis Institutione '
(1599) seems to have gained great notoriety
(Hallam, ' Literature of Europe,' Part II.
chap. iv. section ii. § 37).
EDWARD BENSLY.
The Jesuit was probably Juan Mariana
(1536-1624) and the Scot John Knox (1505-
1572), but I regret I do not know who is
the author of the lines.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
But his little daughter whispered,
As she took his icy hand,
44 Isn't God upon the ocean,
Just the same as on the land ? "
These lines form one of the six stanzas of a
poem called ' The Tempest,' by James
T. Fields. DAVID SALMON.
Swansea.
There are various versions of the lines
quoted by G. C., which are attributed to
Philemon Holland. See ' A Translator
Generall ' in Mr. Charles Whibley's ' Literary
Portraits,' p. 157: —
"The translator's son informs the world that
Plutarch's ' Morals ' all fell upon paper from one
quill, while Aubrey prefers to believe that it was the
Livy which was thus honoured. Whichever be the
truth, the story is found in all the books of anec-
dotes, further embellished with a quatrain, more
curious than accomplished. Thus it runs :
4 This booke I wrote with one poore Pen
Made of a grey Goose Quill ;
A Pen I found it us'd before,
A Pen I leave it still.' "
Fuller, * Worthies of England,' ' Warwick-
shire,' writes :
" Many of his books he wrote with one pen,
whereof he himself thus pleasantly versified : —
4 With one poor pen I writ this book,
Made of a grey goose quill ;
A pen it was when it I took,
And a pen I leave it still.' "
For conflicting accounts of the after history
of this pen Mr. Whibley's entertaining essay
may be consulted. EDWARD BENSLY.
[MR. W. NORMAN and MR. J. T. PAGE also thanked
for replies.]
"LET US GO HENCE, MY SONGS " (11 S.
iii. 128). — This is the opening of ' A Leave-
taking,' by Swinburne, * Poems and Ballads,'
Book I. p. 60 (ed. 1873).
REGINALD HEWITT.
Selkirk.
[S. W. also refers to Swinburne.]
178
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. HI. MAR. 4, 1911.
VOLE'S 'LES ABBIVANTS ' (11 S.,iii.
). — Probably chemin de table ouvrage
should be rendered " embroidered table-
centre." One meaning of chemin is a long
and narrow carpet laid on the parquet of a
room, or vestibule, from one door to another.
See ' Dictionnaire de la Langue Fran§aise
abrege du Dictionnaice de E. Littre, 1886.'
The narrow ornamental cloth laid along the
middle of a dinner table is not unlikely to
bear the same name. M. P.
Sm ROBERT PEEL AND HIS SPEECHES
(11 S. iii. 107). — So far as our knowledge of
the public and private life of Sir Robert Peel
goes, there is nothing, in the practice attri-
buted to him, in any way inconsistent with
his known character as a Christian gentleman.
At the same time the story can hardly be
received with entire confidence, inasmuch as
it is claimed on behalf of others. Many years
ago it was my lot on one occasion to be pre-
sent at a small private gathering of Liberals,
when the self-same story with certain modi-
fications was told as characteristic of Lord
Beaconsfield. The relation, it is true,
was not received with unquestioning faith,
but at the same time it seemed to awaken
in those who heard it every symptom of
lively satisfaction. May I be pardoned for
saying that such stories are perhaps not
altogether in good taste as they savour too
much of unwarrantable intrusion into the
sacred relations subsisting between a man
and his 'Maker ? Moreover, they are, I fear,
in many instances pure fabrications, told
for a certain purpose, or at best with but a
slender basis of fact to rest upon. The pride
shown by one political party over the
eminent religious character of its. leader is
apt to stimulate in the opposite side a
spirit of emulation, and a keen desire to
prove (in popular phraseology) " our man
as good as theirs." It all looks a little
childish, and reminds one of the two little
boys in Barrie's ' Sentimental Tommy'
contending for the relative superiority of
London and Thrums. " There ain't no
queens in Thrums, anyhow " — an indis-
putable fact, but met with the triumphant
retort " There's the auld licht minister."
TOE REA.
DBYDEN AS A PLACE-NAME (11 S. iii.
68, 137). — At the time of writing I have not
access to my original query on the above
subject. I intended, however, to suggest
not that the place-name Dryden was derived
from a family of that name which had come
from England, but thatjfcthe ancestors of
John Dryden, the poet, who were settled in
Cumberland, were of Scottish origin and
derived their surname from a Scottisli place-
name. I know of no early instances of the-
family name of Dryden, nor of any instances
of the place-name Dryden, in England.
John Dryden (great-grandfather of the poet)
who appeared in Northamptonshire in the
first half of the sixteenth century, is stated
to have been a son of Daniel (or David)
Dryden, of Staffe Hill, co. Cumberland, and
grandson of William Dryden of Walton,
in the same county. This John Dryden
was a man of substance, and in his will he
directs that his arms and those of his wife,.
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Cope, should
be engraved on the brass to his memory.
I can offer no suggestion as to the reason of
John Dry den's removal into Northampton-
shire. He seems to have possessed property
there, part of which is described as " parcel
of his inheritance." I am much obliged to
F. H. S. and MB. W. SCOTT for their infor-
mation. P. D. M.
DOM FBANCISCO MANUEL DE MELLO
(11 S. iii. 107).— Sir William Temple had
conversed with him, though the date of
their meeting is not given.
" I rememb~er Don Francisco de Melo, a Portugal
Ambassador in England, told me, it was frequent in>
his Country for Men spent with Age or other
Decays, so as they could not hope for above a Year
or two of Life, to ship themselves away in a Brazil
Fleet, and after their Arrival there to go on a great
Length, sometime of twenty or thirty Years, or
more, by the Force of that Vigour they recovered
with that Remove."—' Of Health and Long Lite/
in ' Miscellanea,' part iii. vol. i. p. 273 in 1750 edition-
of Temple's Works.
Lamb used this passage in his essay on
cThe Genteel Style in Writing.'
EDWABD BENSLY.
"-DE-" : " -TY- "(US. iii. 108).— I cannot
answer this query, but I am much interested
in it as it refers to a name which has puzzled
me for some time. There is a pit or pond
on the west side of the Isle of Waliiey,.
Lancashire, which is called the Lamitysike
Pit, and the adjoining fields are known as
Lamity Closes. In the deeds relating to
these the name is variously spelt Lamity,
Lamentea, Lamenty, Lamentia, and Lam-
berty. What is the meaning of this name ?
A sike is a marshy stream, but further I
cannot get.
At the same place (and in others in the
north of England) is a field called Toad Pot,
sometimes written Yoad Pot or T'yoad
Pot. What does that mean ?
iis.ni.M^.4,1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
179
A curious instance of the result of phonetic
spelling arises in the name of a field adjoin-
ing Toad Pot. It is called on the plans
Taper Close and called locally Tappa Cleas.
Being a rectangular enclosure, inquiries led
to its being found to have been originally
Toad Pot Close, i.e., T'yoad Pot Cleas, and
so to T'yd-pt-cleas, and'finally Tappa Cleas,
which the plan drawer got finally to
Taper Close. H. G. P.
"WARE" POTATOES (11 S. iii. 109).—
The ' E.D.D.' gives the following definition
under " Ware " : —
" (6). Potatoes are usually classed in three sizes,
the largest being called ' ware,' the next ' middlings,'
and the smallest ' chats.' "
This use of the \\ord is recorded from
West Middlesex and Kent.
ERNEST B. SAVAGE, F.S.A.
S. Thomas', Douglas.
Ware potatoes mean the best or large size.
When potatoes are properly graded they are
divided into three sorts — ware, middlings,
chats. At times in a fruitful season a few
monstrous ones ere thrown on one side, and
termed bakers. These ere the ones that &ro
baked and sold in the street at night —
" all hot." We also hear of ware or large
asparagus ; the small in that case is called
sprue.
An old form of invoice used in 1847
shows the use of the terms.
W. W. GLENNY.
Barking, Essex.
" THE ALMIGHTY DOLLAR "(US. iii. 109).
— Washington Irving was not quite original
in the use of this phrase. Farquhar in his
' Recruiting Officer,' acted at the Theatre
Royal, 1705, uses the similar phrase
" Almighty gold " (Act III. sc. ii.).
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
JULIA PASTRANA (11 S. iii. 29, 94).—
An interesting account of this person in life,
and after death, is given in Frank Buck-
land's 'Curiosities of Natural History'
Fourth Series, pp. 40 et seq. R. B.
Upton.
JAMES JANEWAY (11 S. iii. 129).— The
following may afford a clue, James Jane way
was curate of Great Mongeham, Kent, in
1705, and was succeeded by Edward Lloyd,
1706. (' Arch. Cant.,' vol. xv. p. 358).
James Janeway, A.M., rector of Wootton,
Kent, 4 Feb., 1712, obt. July, 1739. In the
chancel is a memorial to him. He was also
by dispensation rector of Aldington, Kent,
June, 1708-39 (Hasted's 'Hist. Kent,'
vols. viii. and ix.). At 3 S. vi. 41 there is a-
Mr. Jeunaway mentioned in a diary of Sir
John Knatchbull 14 Dec., 1688/9, in con-
nexion with James II. and Faversham.
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
0tt
A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage-
and Baronetage, <$cc. By Sir Bernard Burke
and Ashworth P. Burke. (Harrison & Son. )
IN his introduction to this year's ' Peerage ' Mr.
Ashworth Burke lays stress on the three principal
features affecting his subject during the past
year : (i.) the demise of the Crown ; (ii.) the
proposed reform of the House of Lords ; (iii.) the
proper safeguarding of the status of the Baronet-
age. He adds a fitting eulogy on the late King,
and a tribute to our reigning Monarch, also a
word of sympathy with our Queen on the death.
of her brother, and an anticipation of the glories
of the coming Coronation. Most of this matter
is, of course, public property, but the recom-
mendations as regards the future of the baronetage
are not generally known, and should be of special
interest to those concerned. The Royal Warrant
for an authorized Roll of the Baronetage is printed
in full on page 2467.
The obituary list of Peers for 1911 numbers
16 titles, and of these two become extinct (viz.,
Avonmore and Borthwick). Of Baronets, 40
have died and 6 titles become extinct.
We pass to a few criticisms of this excellent
book of reference, which we find on the whole the
most ample and accurate of its species.
We think the guide to Relative Precedence
both useless and unintelligible. It must cost
somebody a great deal of time and labour to
prepare it year by year ; after half -an -hour's
study we failed to understand why the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury is 993, Mr. Asquith 995A,
Sir Samuel Walker, Bart., 996, and the Duke of
Norfolk 1,000, while the Duchess of Fife is 3, the
Duchess of Argyll 10, and the Duke of Connaught
has no number to his name at all. Jerbai, the
son of an Indian magnate, has 62,675 affixed to
his name, without taking into consideration
sisters or brothers, uncles or aunts of the same
rank. WTe should like to see this section of the
book replaced by an ordinary Index containing
each name and a page reference. It would be
more useful and less complicated. The services
of the expert concerned with Relative Rank
might, we think, be usefully devoted to the
checking of the coats of arms with their blazons,
as we notice several slips in this respect upon a
casual survey. Mr. Burke does not yet give us
his authority for the creation of the Viscounty of
Suirdale in the Donoughmore family, to which
we called his attention last year. This is, we
presume, due to the principle of accepting what
is regarded by families themselves as trustworthy
— a principle, perhaps, inevitable in the circum-
stances.
Here our grumbles must cease, and it only
remains to congratulate Mr. Burke upon the
great labour he must have bestowed on this
valuable book of reference and upon the results
he has achieved.
180
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. MAK. 4, 1911.
Primitive Psycho- Therapy and Quackery., By
Robert M. Lawrence. (Constable & Co.)
T.e monde n'a jamais manque des charlatans,
And the chronicles of charlatanry will always
liave an interest as illustrating a curious phase
of human nature, the willingness to be deceived
(vitlt decipi) which has ever been characteristic
of the populace.
Mr. Lawrence is able to show by abundant
proofs that healing by suggestion has at all times
played an important part in therapeutics, and
has brought together some curious instances of
•similar mental epidemics. He points out, too,
the sad truth that it is by no means amongst
the lowest and least cultured classes of the
•community that quackery finds its victims.
'There is no place where the quack thrives and
battens more vigorously than in New York.
Mr. Lawrence makes no pretensions to original
research, but has been industrious in consulting
•cyclopaedias and special treatises from which he
has compiled many curious facts. As to the origiu
of the name quack-salver, the full form of the
word, he gives some improbable conjectures. By
:all analogy this ought to mean one who salves
-(or cures) a quack, which is an old synonym for
.a catarrh or a cold ; but it is commonly inter-
preted to mean, in defiance of its formation, one
-who quacks (as if puffs) his salves. We cannot
endorse all the author's view on the derivations
of words. If laudanum is "a contraction of
laudandum, something to be praised " (p. 218),
-what becomes of the Greek ledanon 1 It is
tempting, of course, to understand " carmina-
tive," from carminare, as meaning to cure by
charms (carmina) or incantations (p. 122). But
those who know say that carminare here is from
carmen, a wool- carder, with the idea, of smoothing
out or extenuating gross humours. On the
whole, it is a sincere book and good for the
times.
THE CLARENDON PRESS has puoiisned A Good
Fight : the Original Version of ' The Cloister and
•the Hearth,' with a witty introduction by Mr.
Lang. It is an interesting member of a specially
interesting " Library of Prose and Poetry " half
forgotten in many cases, but in no case deserving
oblivion. The modern, and, we fear, hurried
reader has been known to turn up his nose at
this book, but we have no sympathy with him if
he fails to see the great and moving qualities of
Reade's work. Whether it is good scholarship or
not is another point, on which Mr. Lang dwells,
perhaps, somewhat too lightly. But, after all, one
does not need to be an authority on Erasmus,
or even to have read his ' Colloquia,' to enjoy
' A Good Fight.' The book is immortal, and does
not belong to the special library -of learning.
The Newspaper Press Directory (C. Mitchell
& Co.) is as usual full of the latest information
relating to the Press. Apart from the complete
and accurate list of papers and publications
issued throughout the world, there are statistics
of the trade of our various Colonies and Depen-
dencies, most of these showing considerable
increase of trade with the United Kingdom.
Accounts of British productions in India are not so
favourable. Printed books in 1908 amounted to
226,1 1QL, but in 1909 amounted to only 214,965*.,
while many other articles showed a far more
serious diminution, notably woollens and worsteds,
which in 1908 amounted to 1,009, 1121. t and in
1909 fell to 760,9402. It is remarkable how level
beer and ale remained ; in 1908 the amount was
279,459*., in 1909 279,698*. The classified list
of publications is interesting as indicating the
tastes of the people. Anti-tobacco only supports
one organ, but it is a ' Beacon Light,' 'while that
" naughty foreign weed " supports six journals.
The love for the comic does not diminish, for the
list shows an increase of one ; our Colonial
interests have also one more organ ; motoring
requires one more paper, and needlework has one
less. The growing interest in philately is shown
by an increase of three journals ; theosophy shows
an increase of one ; brass band journals have
increased by two, and literature is represented
by three less than in 1910.
There are articles by Mr. Alfred F. Robbinson
' Newspaper Ideals and Individualities : a Retro-
spective Review ' ; J. R. Charter writes on ' The
Advertising Field To-day,' and Dr. Hugh Fraser
on ' The Legal Year in its Relation to the Press.'
The obituary record includes Mr. Arthur Fraser
W'alter of The Times, Sir William Agnew of
Punch, and Frederick Greenwood, founder of
The Pall Mall Gazette, and others, of whom
excellent portraits are given.
The Writers' and Artists' Year-Book, 1911
(Black), explains clearly and briefly what editors
want. We wish it the widest circulation, and
cannot conceive why freelances on the press con-
tinue to worry papers with unsuitable articles
when this little book, which costs ouly a shilling,
would save them their futile effort in the sending
of unsuitable matter. Stupidity of this sort is still
common^and editors have so much of their time
wasted that they all owe a word of thanks to-
Messrs. Black for this publication.
tn <K0msp0ntonts.
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.C.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
CORRIGENDUM. — P. 154, col. 1, 1. 4, for "MAC-
MICHAEL'S" read "MACMICHAEL."
n is. HI. MAK. 11, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
181
LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 11, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 63.
NOTES :— William Chalmers of Fintray and Fastemburg,
181— First Perforated Postage Stamps— ' Lucrece ' and
'The Passionate Pilgrim,' 183 — Jordan not a Type of
Baptism, 184— Winchester Measures and Bottles— The
Confession of Louis XVI., 185— Last Mail Coach— Veneti :
Venetians— Indexes Locorum to Printed Parish Registers
—Longevity— Forwardal— Peter Mundy, 186.
QUERIES :— Mozart's Works— Ancient Horn— J. C. Le Blon
—The Magpie's Death— Queen Elizabeth's Statue in Royal
Exchange— Gondola Prow— 'Big Ben' and Phil May-
Unicorn on Royal Arms — " To the West ! " — Gallows
Bank: Mathew Cockling, 187 — Edward Jarrett — Dr.
Johnson of Warwick— Charles Joye— Thoresby Pedigree
— Charles Bridgman — Anderson : Simpson : Dickson :
Baillie : Gordon-Jenner, of Widhill, Wilts, 188-Cousin
of Boswell— Walter R. Benjamin— Rice for the Complexion
—Burning of Moscow — Remarkable Echoes — " Royal
Blue" Omnibuses— Dutchmen in Pembroke — Lieut. -Gen.
Richard Hamilton— Atrebatum— Richard Baddeley, 189.
REPLIES :— Lady O'Looney's Epitaph, 190-Milton on
Plagiarism—" Cruel of heart were they "—Earliest Tele-
graphy, 191— Holwell Family— Knots in Handkerchiefs-
William Elmham, 192- Scottish Titles conferred by
Cromwell — Vanishing London — Court Life — Henry
Gataker — Warwick Lane, 193 — Physician's Cane —
"Teapoy" — Moving Pictures — Roeites of Calverton —
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 194— Rebecca and her
Daughters — Murderers reprieved for Marriage — Samuel
Byrom, 195— Authors Wanted— Keats, Hampstead, and
Dilke— Benjamin Garlike— Mew or Mewes Families—
American Words and Phrases, 196— Newenham Abbey-
Napoleon Print— John Hudson, 197.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-' Dumfries and Galloway Notes
and Queries ' — ' A Book of Light Verse ' — ' Fragrance
Among Old Volumes '— ' The West Riding of Yorkshire '
—Reviews and Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
WILLIAM CHALMERS OF FINTRAY
AND FASTEMBURG.
(See 11 S. i. 267, 337, 393.)
THROUGH the kindness of several corre-
spondents (notably of the Very Rev. P.
Boyle, College des Irlandais, Paris), I have
been able to get together some facts about
this Aberdeenshire William Chalmers, who
figures prominently in the theological con-
troversies of his day. Accounts of him,
which to some extent supplement each
other, are to be found in Moreri, Dupin,
and P6rennes's edition of Feller ; but it
may be as well to put on record what I have
discovered about his works from other
sources.
His family connexion was not known to the
late Mr. A. M. Munro, the historian of the
Chalmerses ; but the year of his birth is given
as 1595, and in 1616 he was at the Scots
College in Rome (' Records of Scots Colleges,'
i. 105). The register states : " Fecit jura-
mentum 13 Martii ; discessit 1618 ; in-
gressus deinde Societatem Jesu." His
writings, however, are not included in
Backer and Sommervo gel's monumental
work, though he is mentioned in vol. vi.
p. 1527. Indeed, he appears to have left
the Order in 1625, and to have entered the
Congregation of the French Oratory founded
by Pere Berulle.
He was teaching philosophy in 1624 in
the College at Chalons-sur-Marne, and in
1629 in the College at Angers, whence he
seems to have had his doctorate in canon
law. At a later date he was teaching
theology in the College at Saumur and was
doctor in divinity. According to Feller
he survived to 1678.
His works are now of exceptional rarity.
Of several I have been able to trace only
single copies in different libraries. Two I
have not yet located. The titles are as
under : —
1. Gulielmi Camerarii Scoti, Congregationis
Oratorii Domini Jesu presbyteri, Selectae disputa-
tiones philosophic®, in tres partes distributee.
Pars prima, praecipuas disputationes Logicae et
Moralis Philosophise complectens. (Pars secunda,
praecipuas disputationes totius Physicae complec-
tens ; Pars tertia, preecipuas disputationes
Metaphysicee complectens.) Parisiis, apud Caro-
lum Chapellain, via Signaria, prope Scholas
medicas ad insigne D. Barbaras. 1630. — St.
Andrews University Library ; Angers Town
Library. In the prefixed Letters of Approba-
tion, dated 1629, Chalmers is styled " in Andina
Universitate Philosophies professor." A copy of
the same book in the Cambridge University
Library has the first part dated 1537 (sic).
2. Ad universam Aristotelis Logicam Intro-
ductio. Andegavi, 1632. — Given by Perennes.
No copy located.
3. Sanctorum Patrum Augustini, Fulgentii et
Anselmi Monimenta theologis et concionatoribus
utilissima nunc primum ex vetustissimis manu-
scriptis eruta, ad [sic] adnotationibus illustrata,
studio et opera R. Patris Gulielmi Camerarii Scoti,
Congregationis Oratorii Domini Jesu presbyteri
et sacrae theologiaB professoris. Parisiis, apud
Fiacrum Dehors in Monte Divi Hilarii 1634. —
Bibliotheque Nationale.
4. [The same.] Parisiis, apud Sebastianum
Hur£, via Jacobaea. 1634. — Bibliotheque Mazarine.
5a. Eugenii Philadelphi Romani [i.e. Francisci
Annat] Exercitatio scholastica tripartite, contra
novam rationem, tuendi physicas prsemotiones
liberorum agentium eorumque libertatem expo-
nendi quam auctor operis De libertate Dei et
creatxiree [i.e. Gul. Gibieuf] nuper inyexit. . . .Cum
appendice ad Guillelmum Camerarium, Scotum.
Cadurci, ex typographis loannis d'Alvy, 1632. —
Cambridge University Library. This work called
forth No. 5.
182
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. MAR. n, mi.
6. Antiquitatis de novitate victoria, sivc justa
defensio preemotionis physicee contra impetitiones
pseudo Eugenii Pliiladelphi Romani Per R-P-
Gulielmum Camerarium Scotum, Congregationis
Oratorii Jesu Christi presbyterum, sacra? Theol-
ogies professorem. Fastemburgi, apud Petruni
Baretium et Joh. Astemium, 1634. — Glasgow
University Library ; Marsh's Library, Dublin.
The Glasgow printed Catalogue of 1791 gives the
date 1635, but this is a misprint in the Catalogue.
5b. Non causa ut causa, subjuncta yera causa,
elenchus sophismatis Gulielmi Camerarii Scoti, per
Petrum de Pasquier, S. Thcologiac Doctorem,
Motae Curionem, Serrae Sacristam. Fastemburgi,
apud Petrum Baretium et loannem Astemium,
1635. — Bibliotheque Mazarine. A reply to No. 5.
Pasquier was a pseudonym of P. Th^ophile
Kaynaud.
6. Alpharabii vetustissimi Aristotelis inter-
pretis opera omnia, quae Latina lingua conscripta
reperiri potuerunt, ex antiquissimis manuscriptis
eruta. Studio et opera Gulielmi Camerarii, Scoti,
Fintraei, Sacrse Theologiae professoris, luris
Canonici doctoris. .. .Parisiis, apud Dionysium
Moreau, Via Jacobsea, sub Salamandra, 1638. —
British Museum ; Trinity College, Dublin.
7. De peccato. Parisiis, 1638. — Given by Mr.
Kellas Johnstone in Scottish Notes and Queries for
February, 1895, vol. viii. p. 135. No copy located.
8. Dissertatio theologica : an confessarius
absolvere possit catholicum pie viventem ita
sensibus destitutum, ut nullum dare possit
contritionis vel pcenitentiae signum ? authore
Gulielmo Canaerario .... Brixiae Catacorum, ex
officina C. Pensae 1638. — Bibliotheque Nationale.
Dupin says 1648.
9. Gulielmi Camerarii .... Tractatus in quo
omnium animarum indivisibilitas luculenter
probatur. Parisiis, apud C. Rouillard, 1638. —
Bibliotheque Nationale.
10. Gulielmi Camerarii, Scoti, Fintraei, sacrae
theologiSe doctoris, et professoris emeriti, &c.
Disputationes theologicee. De discrimine pec-
cati venialis et mortalis. De perfecta observa-
tione divinaa legis. De perfectione bonorum
operum Baptizatorum sive Renatorum ubi de
compossibilitate et incompossibilitate bonitatis
et malitiae in eodem actu. De bonitate denique
actus attritionis. Opposite disputationibus
Roberti Baronis, ministri et professoris Neabre-
donensis, de iisdem materiis. Parisiis, apud
Dionysium Houssayc, via Carmelitana, 1639.- —
Aberdeen University Library.
11. Disputatio theologica de electione angel -
orum et hominuin ad gloriam et de exclusione
eorum, ab eadem. Authore Gulielmo Came-
rario, Scoto, Fintraso, Sacrse Theologies et juris
Canonici doctore. Rhedonis,. apud Joannem
Durandum, typographum ac bibliopolam, Via D.
Thomas, sub signo B. Marias, 1641. — Bibliotheque
Sainte-Genevieve.
12. Scoticanae ecclesia? infantia, yirilis aetas,
senectus. Opera et studio Gulielmi Camerarii,
Fintraei, Scoti, Sacras Theologies Doctoris, &c.
Parisiis, apud Carolum Rouillard, via Jacobasa,
sub signo floris Lilii. 1643. — Advocates' Library.
This edition is dedicated " Illustrissimo Domino D.
Nicolao Balleolo, summo asrarii Gallicani Praa-
fecto in suprema Parisiensi Curia Praesidi infulato,
Reginae Regentis Cancellario."
13. [Thesanie.] Secunda editio. Apud Diony-
sium Houssaye, via Scotias, ad insigne Stelle, e
regione D. Hylarii, 1647. — Blairs College Library,
with book-plate of the Scots College of Paris.
This edition is dedicated " Illustrissimo ac
rcverendissimo ecclesiae principi Carolo de Rosma-
deo, Episcopo Venctensi, Galliarum Monarchas
Christianissimo a Sanctioribus consiliis," &c.
14. Hierarcha ct iniperator ex institutis ct
disciplina patrum qui primis a Christo floruerunt
seculis. Opera et studio Gulielmi Camerarii
Scoto, Fintraei, Sacras Theologiae Doctoris, &c.
Parisiis, apud Dionysium Houssaye, via Scotias, ad
insigne Stellae, e 'regione D. Hilarii. 1647. —
Aberdeen University Library.
The imprint on No. 5s by Raynaud and
on No. 5 by Camerarius, to which it was a
reply, is very puzzling. Where was Fastem-
burg ? Apparently only these two books
are known to bear the imprint.
Cotton (' Typographical Gazetteer,' 1831,
p. 94) says :—
" Qu ? Furstenberg, a small touii of Lusatia ;
or, Furstenberg, a toun of Mecklenburg Strelitz ;
or Furstenberg, a small toun of Germany in the
principality of Waldeck."
Deschamps (' Dictionnaire de Geographic,'
1870, p. 538) says :—
" Furstenberg, anc. chateau, bourg sur le Weser
(Hesse-Cassel)."
These authorities do not help much, but
Backer . and Sommervogel are still more
difficult to understand (' Bibl. de la Coinpag-
nie de Jesus,' vi. 1527 ; Raynaud, 21) : — .
" Non causa ut causa, subjuncta vera causa
. . . .Fastemburgi, apud Petrum Baretium et Joan*
Absteniium.
" M. Deschamps prend au se'rieux la rubrique
Fastemburgi, qu'il transforme en Fustemburgi
(Furstenberg). Je ne partage pas son avis:
le P. Raynaud n'aurait pas £t6 faire imprimer un
livre en Allemagne ; il aura pris ce nom de ville
par une certaine analogic a celui qui se trouve
sur le livre auquel il r^pond. De plus, n'y a-t-il
pas un certain rapprochement a faire entre
Fasienibury, chateau du jeunc, et Abstcmius, qui
ne boit pas de liqueurs enivrantes ? "
I confess I cannot follow this reasoning,
if reasoning it may be called. Does P.
Sommervogel mean that Fastemburg is a
purely imaginary place, or a real place where
Camerarius' s book was printed, but not
Raynaud' s ? And what becomes of the
" rapprochement," if Abstemius should be
In several of his books William Chalmers
speaks of his elder brother David, author
of two better-known works : —
De statu hominis, veteris simul ac nov83
ecclesiae, et infidelium conversione. Libri tres.
Authore Davide Camerario presbytero Scoto *
Catalauni, apud lacobum Thevenym, typo-
graphum et bibliopolam. 1627.
ii s. in. MAP., n, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
183
Davidis Camerarii Scoti, De Scotorum forti-
tudine, doctrina & pietate, ac de ortu & progressu
hseresis in regnis Seotiee & Angliae. Libri quatuor.
Nunc primum in lucem editi. Parisiis, sumptibus
Petri Baillet, via lacobsea, sub Gallo & Leone
repente. 1631.
I shall be grateful for any further biblio-
graphical notes on either of the brothers.
P. J. ANDERSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
THE FIRST PERFORATED POSTAGE
STAMPS.
[Having failed to obtain information in various
works, including ' The Life of Sir Rowland Hill,'
by his daughter, and Sir Henry Cole's ' Fifty
Years of Public Life,' as to the date of the first
perforated stamp, I wrote to Mr. Fred J. Melville,
and he has most courteously supplied the in-
formation required. — JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.]
THE penny English stamps were first issued
to the public in perforated sheets about
February, 1854. The earliest dated (post-
marked) copy of the stamp known to collec-
tors is February 20th, 1854. Prior to this,
however, and during the period of Mr. Henry
Archer's experiments, a few of the results
of his trials, and the subsequent trials of
Mr. James N. Napier, the mechanical
engineer who perfected the Archer machine,
were used in the post. Some of these trial
sheets were supplied to the House of Com-
mons Post Office for the use of Members of
Parliament during 1851.
The plan was first invented by Archer in
the autumn of 1847, and was submitted
to the Postmaster-General about October
of that year. The report of the practical
department of the Post Office on the useful-
ness of the invention was dated October 14,
and on October 25th Archer stated in writing
his terms for making a perforating machine
for the Commissioners of Inland Revenue.
On January 17, 1848, the Board of Inland
Revenue authorized Mr. Archer to give a
trial to the plan as an experimental measure.
Archer's first idea was to pierce the paper
by means of rollers, but this was not success-
ful. He then conceived the plan of punching
out the holes in the paper by means of short
flat-ended steel wires, or punches, fixed
vertically over a matrix steel plate, the holes
in. which corresponded in position and
diameter with the punches which were to
descend into the holes.
On November 23, 1848, Archer took out
Letters Patent for his invention, and on
December 6 the machine was first tried at the
works of Messrs. Bacon and Petch (the
printers of the British postage stamps of that
period). Archer complained that the sheets
were inserted in his machine while the gum
was wet, so that the holes got clogged
and rendered the experiment a failure. The
next trial was at Somerset House about
January, 1850.
Archer's machine was rendered practicable
by the mechanical skill of Mr. Napier, to
whom the experiments were entrusted after
the government acquired Archer's rights.
This, however, need not lessen our apprecia-
tion of Archer's invention. He was not a
mechanic, but he worked out his plan, with
mechanical assistance, on lines which to a
large extent have not been superseded to
this day. For instance, our British stamps
are still perforated by machines (teimed
" comb " machines) which, like Archer's,
perforate three sides of each stamp in a row
at one descent of the punches, thus :—
The next descent of the pins completes the
perforating of the first row and partly per-
forates the next row, and so on.
" Harrow " machines perforate a whole
sheet at one descent, but they are not much
used, so it must be assumed that the advan-
tage of speed which they present (at least in
theory) do not counterbalance the dis-
advantages of the breaking of the punches,
and the difficulty of perfect register. Rotary
machines, which would be preferable to the
" harrows " for speed, are used in the
United States Bureau of Engraving and
Printing, but the results are very poor, on
account of the variation in the shrinkage
of the paper subsequent to its being
dampened for printing from engraved steel
plates. This shrinkage is so uneven that
the perforations ruin a large proportion (until
recently 9 per cent) of the printed sheets.
Although the new stamps of King George's
reign are to be produced in a newly built
factory with the most modern equipment,
I understand that rotary perforators will
not be used. FRED. J. MELVILLE.
'LUCRECE' AND 'THE PASSIONATE
PILGRIM ' : NEW READINGS.
IN the First Quarto 11. 1544-5 of ' Lucrece '
are printed thus : —
To me came Tarquin armed to beguild
With outward honestie, but &c.
Malone placed a semicolon at " armed," and
(following the lead of Gildon and Sewell)
substituted "so" for "to"; but, as Mr.
184
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. MAR. n, 1911.
Wyndham has said, a semicolon at this" part
of the line is unusual, if not unparalleled.
Besides, it gives the first part of the line a
dragging effect which spoils the rhythm, and
" armed," standing alone, conveys a wrong
impression, by suggesting Tarquin's sword.
These and other difficulties are obviated
by pointing as follows : —
To me came Tarquin, armed so, beguiled
With outward honesty, &c.
That is, furnished, as Sinon was, with the
weapons of subtlety and deceit. " Arm "
Was common in the sense of furnish or pre-
pare ; see Chester, ' Love's Martyr ' (New
Shaks. Soc., p. 6) : —
Then (gentle Reader) over-reade my Muse,
That armes herself e to flie a lowly flight.
" Beguiled " has the required sense,
" made beguiling," in the Elizabethan
translation of Seneca, ' Tenne Tragedies,'
reprint Spenser Soc., Part I., p. 6 : —
And either his begiled hooks doth bayte,
Or els beholds and sees the pray from hye,
where, however, the Latin, " deceptos in-
struit hamos," may have led the translator
to use a past participle.
The Quarto reading of * The Passionate
Pilgrim,' xv. 2, is : —
Lord how mine eies throw gazes to the East,
My hart doth charge the watch, the morning
rise
Doth scite, &c.
Steevens rightly said that the meaning
of this phrase was not very clear ; Malone
suggested that the watch were enjoined to
hasten through their nocturnal duty ; and
Delius read " change " for " charge." By
transferring the comma from the middle
to the end of the second line, and reading
" them " for " the " before " watch," we
get a meaning consistent with the context,
virtually without changing a letter (" the "
with a stroke over it stands, as often, for
" them," in xix. 40), viz. : —
Lord, how mine eyes throw gazes to the east !
My heart doth charge them watch the morning
rise,
Doth cite each moving sense from idle rest,
Not daring trust the office of mine eyes.
While Philomela, &c.
This is really nearer to the original than
the modern editions, which have a full
stop at "rest" instead of the comma of
the Quarto, and a comma at " eyes "
instead of its full stop. The change proposed
has the further effect of bringing the stanza
into line wilh the rest, which (including the
two in xiv., shown by Profs. Dowden and
Rolfe to be part of the same poem) are
quatrains followed by couplets.
It is inconsistent with what follows to
say " the morning rise doth cite," &c., for
it has not risen, the lark which welcomes
daylight has not sung, and in 11. 16, 17, the
sun is bidden shine, and the day peep.
In the last line of the same poem,
Short night to night, and length thy selfe to
morrow,
modern editions rightly add commas at
" Short " and " night " ; but it would be
well to have a comma also at " selfe," viz.,
Short, Night, to-night ; and length thyself,
To-morrow,
or perhaps
Short night, To-night, &c.f
i.e., "O Night, [or "O To-night,"] be short:
O To-morrow, be long."
It is easy to understand why it would be
to the lover's advantage to have the next
day lengthened ; see 1. 12 : —
For why, she sigh'd, and bade me come
to-morrow.
Throughout the poem he is longing for the
day, not for the night following.
C. K. POOLER.
JORDAN NOT A TYPE OF BAPTISM. — At
6 S. x. '299 (the main question being on
Jordan as a type of death) the REV. ED.
MARSHALL said : " The common patristic
interpretation is that the passage of the
Jordan is represented in baptism." I
venture to suggest that this is an error.
It is the passage of the Red Sea which is so
represented. The forty years in the wilder-
ness being a figure of human life under the
new law, baptism commences what death
terminates ; and to make the passage of
the Jordan an analogue of baptism is to
invert the whole scheme. See that very
ancient baptismal hymn, containing the
verse
Ex ^gypto venei-unt, qui mare transierunt ;
Virtutes cognoverunt, et laudes cantaverunt.
See also the allusion to the Red Sea in the
Latin office for Easter Eve : " O vere
beata nox, quse exspoliavit JEgyptios,
ditavit Hebrseos " : after which the font is
blessed. See further the very distinct
language of the English Baptismal office,
" figuring thereby (by the passage of the
Red Sea) Thy holy Baptism.1'
I greatly doubt whether any of the fathers
allude to the river Jordan in this manner.
Would that the Rev. Ed. Marshall were yet
with us, to explain the matter further !
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Plape,
n s. in. MAR. 11, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
185
WINCHESTER MEASURES AND BOTTLES. —
The old Winchester standards lasted from
1588 to 1824. And glass bottles were first
made in England in 1588. The present unit
of capacity for liquids as well as for dry goods
is the imperial gallon measure, introduced
in 1824 in place of the old Winchester gallon.
Three separate gallon measures had been in
use, as follows, from ancient times (two of
them probably from 1225) until 1824, when,
by the passing of the Act 5 Geo. IV. c. 74,
the present imperial gallon, then containing
277*274 cubic inches, was introduced, and
the use of the three ancient gallon measures
was made illegal, viz., a Winchester corn
gallon = 272|, a wine gallon = 231, an ale
gallon=282 cubic inches. A collection of
old local standards at Winchester is interest-
ing, as it includes standard troy weights
dated 1588, being the year in which Elizabeth
granted a charter to Winchester, and a
Winchester bushel sent to the Corporation
in 1487. The old Winchester Bushel was
so called because the standard bushel was
ordered by King Edgar to be kept there.
The collection at Winchester also includes
other standards of 1487, 1601, 1700, and
particularly a 56-lb. weight, supposed to be
of the time of Edward III., which was found
in the old muniment room over the West
Gate.
In the Municipal Buildings at Edinburgh
is a collection of the ancient Scotch standards.
Among the exhibits is a Scotch choppin, or
half -pint, dated 1555. The Scotch pint,
or the stoup of Stirling, was defined in the
Scotch Act of 1618 as being " 3 pounds
7 ounces of French Troy or weight of clear
running water of Leith."
The old " Winchester quart," or one
quarter of the Winchester gallon, contained
68.06 cubic inches, therefore the old Win-
chester pint would hold half that quantity.
The ancient English pint is so close to the
Roman sextarius (1.01 pint), that one can
hardly doubt the derivation of the pint from
the sextarius.
The so-called " Winchester " gallon, quart,
or pint, is not a measure of capacity, but is
simply the name of a particular kind of
bottle or vessel used for storing liquids.
For instance, in the catalogue of a maker
of chemical apparatus this occurs : " Acid
bottles, blue or green glass. Corbyns and
Winchesters." The shape of each is the
same, but the size varies. The quart con-
tains either 80, 90, or 120 ozs., the Corbyn
is 40 ozs. = 2 pints, and when the old term
" Winchester pint " is employed in ordering
a modern 16 oz. bottle is supplied.
The Winchester bottle appears therefore
to be another instance in which the liquid
or article in which it is placed becomes
in the trade recognized as, and confused
with, a measure. At present it seems
impossible to ascertain whether the ex-
pression " Winchester " was derived from
the name of a place or of a manufacturer.
As to the ancient term Corbyn being
transferred from the firm of that name
(which, by the way, is comparatively modern),
this is scarcely correct. It is true that their
business in the Poultry was at the sign of
the " Bell and Dragon," formerly con-
ducted by WinstanJey & Co., and that " Ye
ancient druggist sign of this house, 1666,"
is now in the Guildhall Museum. But the
Corbyn who gave his name to the bottle,
whether as manufacturer or otherwiss, is
unrecorded — the name only has survived,
and, with the Winchester, it is seldom seen
in print outside the trade lists. As an
example of derivation, there is a globular
bottle of green or blue glass, called
a Carboy, which is a corruption of the
Persian qardbah, a large flagon. It holds
from 4 to 10 gallons.
The above notes are taken mostly Irom a
treatise on ' Standard Weights and Measures,'
by H. J. Chaney, 1897, and a letter con-
tributed by the same authority to The
Chemist and Druggist, 19 June, 1897, vcl. L,
p. 982. See also US. iii. 56.
TOM JONES.
THE CONFESSION OF Louis XVI. — I do
not remember meeting this confession of
Louis XVI. anywhere, except in the book
from which I extract it, viz., * The Book of
Remembrance,' by Ralph Wedgwood, 1814,
vol. i., pp. 156-7. The only other copy of
this rare work I have heard of, besides my
own, is in the British Museum Library.
It is called * The Confession of Louis Capet
on the Eve of his Decapitation.' It is taken
from the ' Gazett de France,' and was drawn
up with M. Hebert, General of the Eudists
(? Jesuits), his Majesty's Confessor, and given
to Abbe D. In 1814 he was interrogated by
the Duchess of Angouleme ; but he did not
know whether the originals were in the hand-
writing of Louis XVI.
" If, through the infinite goodness of God, I
recover my liberty and my royal power, I
solemnly promise : —
"1. To revoke, as soon as possible, all the
laws that shall be pointed out to me (either by
the Pope, in a Council or by four Bishops chosen
from amongst the most enlightened and virtuous
in my kingdom) as contrary to the purity and
integrity of the faith, to the discipline and spiritual
186
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. MAR,H, 1911.
jurisdiction of the holy Catholic Church, apostolic
and Roman, particularly in the civil constitution
of the clergy.
"2. To restore without delay all legitimate
pastors, and all persons possessed of benefices
instituted by the Church, to the benefices of which
they have been unjustly despoiled by the decrees
of an incompetent power, with the reservation
of taking canonical means for suppressing the
titles of benefices which are least necessary, and
to apply them to the wants of the State."
Louis XVI. was an admirer of Charles I.,
and looked on his case as analogous to his
own. Charles I. had a similar intention,
and his written vow on the subject is in the
St. Paul's Cathedral Library (8 S. v. 143).
Perhaps, therefore, Louis XVI. in this
matter also imitated Charles I.
A. B. G.
LAST MAIL COACH. — In Lady Dorothy
Nevill's charming book * Under Five Reigns'
I read that " the last of the regular mail
coaches would seem to have been the old
Derby mail, which made its final journey
out of Manchester in 1858."
I certainly went from Plymouth to Truro
in 1858, and I think again in 1859. The
Royal Albert Bridge at Saltash was opened
in the latter year, and I presume that up to
that date the mail coach continued to run.
HENRY FISHWICK.
VENETI : VENETIANS. — One is so accus-
tomed to think of the Venetians as the
people of the great mediaeval republic
under whose leadership took place the Latin
conquest of Constantinople (the first capture
of that city) in 1204, and which preserved
its independence after its decline until the
capture of Venice by Napoleon in 1796,
that one is rather startled to read in Dr.
Mitchell's 'History of the Highlands and
Gaelic Scotland ' (p. 4) that " at this time
[i.e., that of Julius Caesar] the Venetians
carried on a large trade with Britain." But
of course this refers to the tribe of the
Veneti on the north-west coast of Gaul,
who raised a war with Caesar, which is
described in the third boojk of the Gallic
War, the result being their almost complete
destruction in a naval battle, probably
fought near the mouth of the Loire. From
that tribe, however, is derived the name of
the modern town of Vannes. Whether
that had any ethnic connexion with the
Veneti in the north-east of Italy who
inhabited the modern Venetia cannot be
answered positively. But it is more prob-
able that the latter were connected with a
Slavonian tribe also called Veneti or Venedi
(whence the appellation Wonds, in German
Wenden) on the southern shores of the
Baltic.
But besides these there was in very ancient
times a tribe of similar name in Paphlagonia
which is mentioned by Homer as a mule-
breeding race :
E£ 'EvcruM', oOtv fjfuovwv yevos dyporepaMv
(' Iliad, 'ii. 851.)
Of these nothing more is known.
W. T. LYNN.
Blackheath.
INDEXES LOCORUM TO PRINTED PARISH
REGISTERS. — May I venture to suggest
to editors of printed parish registers the
advisability of adding an index of places
to the volume or volumes for which they are
responsible ? With one or two note-
worthy exceptions, it does not seem to have
occurred to those in charge that the books are
likely to be made use of for topographical,
as well as genealogical, purposes. An index
of places outside the immediate area
covered by a particular volume would be
easy of compilation, and would not take up
much room. I have been lately put to
considerable trouble in going through the
successive volumes of the Harleian Society's
London registers by the absence of such aids.
WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
St. Anne and St. Agnes, Grcsham Street, E.G.
LONGEVITY. — It may be noted that the
Rev. H. M. Sherwood has just resigned the
living of White Ladies, Aston, Worcester-
shire, which he held for seventy-one years.
He was born in 1813. He took his B.A.
degree (Queen's College, Oxford), in 1834.
This tenure of an incumbency approaches a
remarkable length. The reverend gentleman
is said to enjoy, happily, excellent health.
W. H. QUARRELL.
FORWARD AL. — I had occasion recently
to write to the Superintendent of Govern-
ment Printing, India, for a publication, and
in reply received a printed form on which I
was asked to remit the price of a copy,
inclusive of lorwardal charges. The word
is not in the * N.E.D." L. L. K.
PETER MUNDY, TRAVELLER. — In a letter
from Sir Nicholas Parker to the Lords of the
Council (Hist. MSS. Comm.), dated 12
March, 1600-1, mention is made of " Robert
Mundey, an honest merchant of Penrhyn."
P. D. M.
n s. m. MA*. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
1ST
WK must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
MOZART'S WORKS. — Can any of your readers
inform me whether Mozart's sonatas were
written before or after his operas ?
(Miss) CONSTANCE SMITH.
13, Trinita de Monti, Rome.
ANCIENT HORN. — I am anxious to know
in whose possession is an ancient horn
formerly mounted in gold, which has
been removed. It was the property of the
Thrustons of Hoxne, who held it as service
for some of their propeity in Norfolk or
Suffolk. An antiquary I met says he re-
members hearing about it a few years ago,
but cannot remember who has it now. Any
particulars as to it would greatly interest me.
C. S. M. THRUSTON.
14, Tedworth Gardens, S.W.
J. C. LE BLON. — I am engaged in collect-
ing any printed or MS. references to the
career or work of Jas. Christopher Le Blon,
an engraver, who was in London from about
1718 onwards, for some fifteen years or so,
and produced a number of three-colour
mezzotints for a company entitled the
' Picture Office,' formed to operate his
patented process. He also patented a
method of weaving pictures in silk, and
formed a company to exploit it. I have
consulted most, if not all, of the obvious
and well-known sources of information on
the subject, and should be glad of any
further particulars, no matter how trivial.
R. M. BURCH.
79A, Woodbridge Road, Guildford.
THE MAGPIE'S DEATH. — Can any of your
readers kindly tell we where I can find an
amusing dialogue between a gentleman
(called, I think, "Mr. G.") and his land
steward ? The former — having recently
returned from a long journey — is first told
that the magpie is dead, and then finds that
this is but the prelude to an extraordinary
catalogue of misfortunes that have occurred
during his absence. M. G.
Dublin.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S STATUE IN ROYAL
EXCHANGE. — In a niche at the north-
eastern ambulatory of the Royal Exchange
h the statue inscribed Elizabetha R., the
4UUCH holding orb and sceptre. No name
of the sculptor is given, nor is there any
date of execution. Can these be supplied ?
As we know (11 S. ii. 454) like omissions
occur in respect of the statue of Carolus II.
R. in the opposite niche. CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athena3um Club.
GONDOLA PROW.— Can any of your
readers give me an explanation ot the
curiously shaped prow of a gondola 1 1
have been told that the six projections reler
to the subdivisions of the town of Venice,
but I cannot find any authority for this.
Answers may be sent me direct.
J. H. MATTHEWS.
54, Parliament Street, S.W.
' BIG BEN ' AND PHIL MAY.— In my copy
of ' The Parson and the Painter ' (a folio ot
78 pages, with paper covers) there is at p. 2b
an announcement that
" Big Ben, | the | Great Conservative New
Paper, | Weekly, Price Qd., \ will be published m
October next. [1892]. | Four Coloured Pages,
and | numerous Black and White Illustrations. |
Art Editor : Phil May."
Was this paper ever published ? Any
information concerning it will be of interest.
E. .N • **•
UNICORN ON ROYAL ARMS.— Can any one
give the origin of the unicorn being used as
a supporter of the Royal Arms ? I believe
it was first used by James I., and had been
used previously as a supporter of the Royal
Arms of Scotland. But why a fabulous
beast ? ^AVEN'
" To THE WEST ! To THE WEST."— It is
now many years ago since this song was
sung or whistled by nearly every one
the street, in the public-house, and in
many homes : —
To the West ! to the West !
To the land of the Free,
Where the roughest torrents,
Roll down to the sea
I never heard more of it, and this appeared
to be all that people caied to know. It wes
at the time when there was an early and
strong tide of emigration westward,
tune was not at all catchy, though the
words were. Who wrote words and music ?
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
GALLOW' s ', BANK : MATHEW COCKLING. —
I should be "glad to hear something about
a Mathew Cockling who was hanged for
murder at Gallows Bank, near Derby,
about one hundred and fifty years ago.
Also something about a story told of this
hanging to the effect that at an old ale
188
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAR. n, 1911.
house at Litchurch, one of the company
dared " to take a basin of hot broth
was
to Mathew as the corpse hung in chains.
The challenge was accepted, and the broth
corpse ; upon which man and broth tumbled
from the ladder, the man so dazed with
fright that he failed to see one of the ale
house company at the foot of the gibbet
post. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
EDWARD JARRETT was admitted to West-
minster School in September, 1734, aged 12.
Particulars of his parentage and career are
desired. G. F. R. B.
DR. JOHNSON or WARWICK. — According
to Wood's ' Life and Times ' (vol. ii. p. 507,
Oxf. Hist. Soc. Pub. xxi.), he is said to have
gone to Westminster School with Richard
Peers, who was elected to Ch. Ch., Oxon,
1664. I should be glad to obtain any
information about this Dr. Johnson.
G. F. R. B.
CHARLES Jo YE was admitted to West-
minster School in July, 1728, aged 8. Any
information concerning his parentage and
career would be welcome. G. F. R. B.
THORESBY PEDIGREE. — Is it possible to
obtain (and if so, where ?) a copy of ' Notes on
Ralph Thoresby's Pedigree,' by Mr. A. S.
Ellis, referred to in a foot-note on p. 50,
vol. ii. of Dr. Round's ' Peerage and Pedi-
gree,' published by James Nisbet & Co. ?
FORTESCUE THURSBY.
Bath Club, Dover Street, W.
CHARLES BRIDQMAN, GARDENER : HIS
PORTRAIT. — S. Felton (' On the Portraits oi
English Authors on Gardening,' 2nd ed.
1830, p. 136) speaks of a portrait of Charles
Bridgman (the gardener who " composed '
Stowe Gardens and the Serpentine), which
he saw more than 50 years earlier, and which
he thinks was an etching. He adds : —
" I neither recollect its painter nor engrave
[it was before the days of Seymour Haden anc
precise terminologyl ; and it is so scarce tha
neither Mr. Smith, of Lisle Street, nor Mr. Evans
of Great Queen Street, the intelligent collector
and illustrators of Granger, have been able tc
obtain it. Perhaps it will be discovered that i
was a private plate, done at the expense of hi
generous and noble employer, Lord Cobham."
Is this plate known to any living collector
or was it perhaps an etching from th<
portrait of Bridgman in Hogarth's ' Rake
Progress,' or from the latter'r, group o
artists in the Ashmolean Museum, or the
Club of Artists by Hamilton in the National
r'ortrait Gallery ? It seems very doubtful
vhether the two latter identifications can
)oth be right. A. FORBES SIEVEKING.
12, Seymour Street, Portman Square, W.
ANDERSON : SIMPSON : DICKSON : BAIL-
LIE : GORDON. — I seek genealogical details
of the ancestry of —
1. John Anderson, who married 23 July,
1824, Hellen Simpson (born 24 Sept., 1795 ;
died at Bantaskine 1863) at Edinburgh. The
Andersons lived from time immemorial in
Haddingtonshire. Anderson's father was a
shepherd. The latter married, as his second
wife, the daughter of the illegitimate son
of George Seton, fifth and last Earl of
Winton.
2. James Simpson, father of the above
Hellen by his second wife Isabella Dickson.
James Simpson claimed descent from the
Simpson who was Dean or Provost of the
Collegiate Church of Dunbar about 1560, and
who joined the Reformers and married a nun
from North Berwick Abbey. James Simp-
son died 1819.*
3. Samuel Dickson (brother or cousin of
the above Isabella Dickson), born 1749,
died 1793, builder and contractor, who built
most of the new town of Edinburgh. Samuel
Dickson married Agnes Bail lie at or near
Edinburgh.
4. Thomas Baillie, father of the above
Agnes by his wife Gordon. Thomas
Baillie was, I believe, connected with the
family of Baillie of Lamington.
Please reply direct.
JAMES S. ANDERSON.
Cuddington, Bucks.
JENNER, OF WIDHILL, WILTS. — Under
the article in the ' D.N.B.' on Archbishop
Narcissus Marsh, the following occurs : —
" Not the least pleasing thing recorded of him is
that he paid £2,000 of the debts of Mr. John Jenuer
of Widhill in Wiltshire, who had helped him to his
fellowship, and thus given him the first lift."
Dr. Marsh, Archbishop of Armagh, died 1713.
In Cricklade Church there is a memorial
to Robert Jenner, goldsmith and citizen,
at one time representing that town in Parlia-
ment (1628-29 and 1640-48), who died
1651. That portion of the Chuich is termed
* I understand James Simpson was a son, or
grandson, of Rev. Matthew Simpson, minister of
Pencaitland, by his wife Alison, dau. of Adam
Drummond of Megginch. Alison Drummond was
married to Matthew Simpson in March, 1709, and
died 1736. Matthew Simpson died 1756, aged 83
years.
ii s. in. MAR. 11, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
189
the Widhill Chapel. I wish to ascertain
in what way the John referred to above
was related to Robert, who died without
issue. Did the Jenners own the manor,
and if so for what period ?
R. J. FYNMORE.
A COUSIN OF BOSWELL. — In his 'Journal
of a Tour to the Hebrides' (1887, vol. v.
S87) Boswell refers to " My cousin, Miss
alias, formerly of Inverness," who, he
says, " was married to Mr. Riddocb, one
of the ministers of the English chapel "
at Inverness. Of course for " English "
should be read " Episcopalian." I should
be obliged for information es to the " cousin-
ship " existing between Boswell and Miss
Dallas, and should be glad also to learn
moie of Mr. Riddoch. A. CALDEB.
WALTER R. BENJAMIN OF NEW YORK.
— Dr. Moncure Conway expressed himself
as indebted to this gentleman for the loan
of some of Hawthorne's letters. I should
like to know how they came into his posses-
sion, and whether he is a connexion of the
late Judah P. Benjamin, Q.C., who, after
serving with distinction in an administrative
capacity during the great American Civil
War (1861-1865), migrated to England and
became a great figure at the English bar.
M. L. R. BRESLAR.
RICE FOR THE COMPLEXION. — In The
Morning Post of 19 August, 1910, I read : —
" In connection with the death of a young woman
named Mary Cadwallader, it was stated before the
Birkenhead Coroner yesterday that she had an
inordinate appetite for raw rice. It was explained
that many girls eat raw rice to improve their com-
plexions, and in this case, the doctor said, the eating
of so much rice had a good deal to do with the girl's
death."
Is this habit grounded on some physiological
fact, or on a legend or superstition of some
sort ? Q. V.
THE BURNING OF Moscow. — Some fresh
light, it ii understood, has been thrown on
this much disputed matter by an article in
the ' Annales Politiques et Litteraires '
from the pen of a descendant of Rostopchin.
Can any one give the reference ?
KOM OMBO.
REMARKABLE ECHOES. — Is a list available
of remarkable echoes at particular spots
in the United Kingdom ? The information
would be useful to tourists. I am aware of
a beautiful and weird echo at Loch-an-Eilan,
Rothiemurchus ; and Mr. Henry Bradley
in an essay on ' English Place-Names '
mentions that a remarkable echo may be
heard at Dwaraden, a small hamlet in South
Yorkshire (see p. 30 of ' Essays and Studies
by Members of the English Association,'
Clarendon Press, 1910). T. F. HUSBAND.
" ROYAL BLUE " OMNIBUSES. — This
familiar feature of the locomotion of the
London streets (Piccadilly, Bond Street, and
Oxford Street) is to disappear finally in
August, when the horses go for the autumn
manoeuvres. I understand this line of
omnibuses belongs to the London General
Omnibus Company and the Victoria Omnibus
Association. Why were they called " Royal
Blue," and when did they start running ?
JAS. CARTER, F.S.A.
DUTCHMEN IN PEMBROKE. — I find this
statement in Godfrey Goodman's ' Fall of
Man,' 1616, p. 296 :—
"In Pembroke-shire certaine Dutch-men being
anciently permitted to inhabit, their posteritie vnto
this day retaines the luxurie and riot (proper to that
nation) and yet they haue forgotten their language."
If this be correct, there should be in that
county some old families with " Dutch "
names. The word " Dutchmen " may mean
Germans. Perhaps some resident of Pern
broke can throw light on this point.
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
LIEUT. -GENERAL RICHARD HAMILTON. —
I should be much obliged to any reader of
' N. & Q.' who could inform me whether there
is a portrait of Lieut. -General Richard
Hamilton of the Boyne in existence, and
where it may be seen. D. C. BOULGER.
ATREBATUM. — Where is " Atrebatum in
Belgia " ? Cornelius a Lapide says the
churchyard was much troubled by ghosts,
but that they were driven away when lamps
were kept burning all night. If a man was
also kept to trim the lamps, and a big dog,
the result seems credible ; but I cannot
find the place. R. B. CLARK.
[The modern Artois.]
RICHARD BADDELEY, 1620. — In or about
1620 a boy named William Perry, of Bilson,
Staffordshire, was concerned in an imposture.
The book describing the affair ' The Boy of
Bilson ' London, 1622, is anonymous,
but an address " To the Christian Reader "
is signed " Rye. Baddeley," who says or
implies that he knows the author. Some of
the examinations conducted befoie Thomas
(Morton), Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield,
are attested by "Rye. Baddeley," Notary
190
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. MAS. 11, 1011.
Public. These examinations were at Eccles-
hall Castle, but the notary's place of abode
is not stated. Is it known where Richard
Baddeley lived, and to what family he
belonged ? DIEGO.
LADY (JLOONEY'S (MRS. JANE
MOLONY'S) EPITAPH.
(US. iii. 108, 154.)
THEBE can be practically no doubt that the
so-called Lady O'Looney epitaph is a poor,
abbreviated, and corrupt reproduction of
Mr 5. Jane Molony's existing epitaph, and
that it never had any place in Pewsey Church.
The real epitaph is on one of the walls inside
the chapel of St. George's burial-ground in
the Bayswater Road (see 10 S. vii. 13, 135,
198).
The chapel was pulled down in or about
1893, and rebuilt at the expense of Mrs.
Russell Gurney. I visited it when it was
in a state of devastation, and got the fore-
man of the works to show me the tablet
bearing Mrs. Molony's epitaph, then among
the tablets which had been taken down.
When the chapel had been rebuilt it was
put up on the south wall inside, but so high
up that one cannot read a word of it without
mounting a ladder.
Having read in the editorial note to the
query that Mr. E. R. Suffling had in his
* Epitaphia ' written of " its removal a few
years ago" I went to the chapel to-day
(February llth) and learned from the care-
taker that the tablet is still there, though
apparently he had not known of it until quite
recently. He had ascertained the fact by
mounting a ladder. I could not this time
read a word of it, although I had a pair of
opera glasses. The complete epitaph is
given in the Appendix (p. 184) of ' Antiente
Epitaphes,' collected by Thomas F. Raven-
shaw, 1878.
The heading of the copy is-
" 1839. Mrs. Jane Molony (' Lady O'Looney '),"
and a foot-note says : —
" In a very mutilated form this epitaph has
long been current as that of ' Lady O'Looney,'
& was said to be found at Pewsey, Wilts."
As showing that this old and often re-
peated story is a fabrication, I may mention
that Ravenshaw's prefatory remarks are
dated " Pewsey Rectory, Wilts, 1878." It
would appear to be impossible that the
" Lady O'Looney " epitaph could ever have
existed in Pewsey without hi 3 knowledge.
Although it is very long I think that room
might well be found for the true epitaph
in ' N. & Q.'
" Sacred to the Memory of | Mrs. Jane Molony I
who lies interred in a vault underneath this
chapel | daughter of Antony Shee of Castle Bar
in the county of | Mayo Esqre | who was married
to miss Burke of Curry in the said j county |
and cousin to the rt honble Edmond Burke
commonly | called the sublime | whose bust is
here surmounted or subjoined | the said Jane
was cousin to the late countess of | Buckingham-
shire | and was married to three successive
husbands first | Stuart esqre | cousin to the late
marquis of Bute ; secondly to William | Collins
Jackson | of Langley lodge in the county of
Bucks formerly | military secretary | to the hon :
east India Company in India esqre | thirdly
Edmond Molony of Clonony Castle King's
county | Ireland esqre | barrister at law and late,
of Woodlands in the county | of Dublin | cousin
to the earl of Roscommon, who is brother in law |
of the | present earl of Shrewsbury and also
cousin of lord viscount Dillon | of Costollo and
Gallon in the kingdom of Ireland | the first wife
of the said Edmond Molony was Jane | Malone I
who is interred in the demesne of Barinstown |
in the county of Westmeath with her | brother
in law Antony Malone esqre, and also with I
her cousins lord Sunderlin | and his predeceased
brother Edmond Malone commonly | called |
Shakspear Malone late of Queen Anne street east
London | she was daughter of sergeant Richard
Malone an' | eminent lawyer and | a great states-
man who possessed great estates in the | said
King's county | and niece to the rt. honble
Antony Malone deceased | who was greatly |
regretted of whom it was said by one of the
most | elegant writers | of the day that he
possessed one of the sweetest tongues | that
ever uttered the dictates of reason | he was a
great patriot and refused the great seals of |
Ireland the situation | being at the pleasure of the
crown while chancellor | of the exchequer | of
Ireland from which he was removed without
cause | or his own consent | he availed himself
of the judicial place attached to it | and sat on
the bench above the chief baron and decided |
many cases | which gave general satisfaction
and his decrees were | never questioned | he
died 1776 aged 76 ] the said mrs Molony other-
wise Malone died at said | Woodlands | in
February 1808 aged 59 | the said mrs Molony
otherwise Shee died in London in | January
1839 | aged 74 | she was hot passionate and tender
| and a highly accomplished lady and a superb
drawer | in water colours which was much admired
in the | exhibition room in | Somerset house some
years past
" though lost for ever, yet a friend is dear
the heart yet pays a tributary tear."
" this monument was erected by her deeply
afflicted | husband the | said Edmond Molony
in memory of her great virtues | and talents f
beloved and deeply regretted by all who knew
her | for of such is the kingdom of heaven."
Ravenshaw adds : —
Chapel of s. George's Burying Ground, London,
[Copied May, 1877.]
ii s. in. MAR. 11, MI.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
191
It will be noticed that not only was the
subject of tha epitaph not Lady O'Looney,
but also that she was not Mrs. Maloney.
She was Mrs. Molony. This latter confusion
probably arose from the fact that the first
wife of Edmond Molony was a Malone
by marriage as well as by birth. Further
each Mrs. Molony had the Christian name
" Jane." Eavenshaw gives the epitaph in
capital letters all of the same size excepting
" Mrs. Jane Molony " (2nd line), which is
in larger capitals, all equal in size. There
are no stops excepting those which I give.
Regarding " whose bust is here surmounted
or subjoined " I think that I am right in
saying that there is now no bust at all.
Possibly the bust was, or was intended to
be, that of Edmond Burke, but more pro-
bably, I think, " whose " refers to Mrs.
Jane Molony, the subject of the epitaph.
A correspondent (10 S. vii. 198) se.ys of the
chapel, " The monumental inscriptions have
been printed in Miscellanea Genealogica et
Heraldica from Second Series iii. 125 to
v. 379." It is to be hoped that Mrs.
Molony's epitaph is one of them.
By reference to my note 10 S. vii. 135
it will be seen that Mrs. Molony's water-
colour pictures cannot be traced in the
Royal Academy catalogues. Perhaps they
were sent to Somerset House and rejected-
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
[Replies also from Gr. F. R. B. and MR. ALAN
STUWART.]
MILTON ON PLAGIARISM (11 S. ii. 309).—
The words usually cited occur in the ' Eikono-
klastes,' chap, xviii. : —
" For such kind of borrowing as this, if it be
not bettered by the borrower among good
authors is accounted plagiary."
Iii the light of Milton's alleged obligations
to the Dutch poet Vondel, whose ' Lucifer,'
' Adam in Ballingschap,' and ' Samson ' he
appears to have been pretty conversant
with, this pronouncement is all-important ;
(see « Milton and Vondel,' by G. Edmundson*
London, 1885).
The subject of plagiarism, however,
is treated at far greater length in the first
chapter of ' Eikonoklastes,' wheie the delin-
quencies of the writer of ' Eikon Basilike '
are taken up categorically ; especially in
the paragraph beginning : —
" For he certainly whose mind could serve him
to seek a Christian prayer out of a pagan legend,
and assume it for his own."
The heated tone and argumentation per-
vading this tract arc rather calculated to
lower the popular estimate of the author of
' Paradise Lost ' as a politician and man of
letters, whc even goes the length of charging
Charles I. with being an accessory of the
death of his father. N. W. HILL.
* ' CRUEL OF HEART WERE THEY, BLOODY
OF HAND " (11 S. iii. 129).— It may be that
MR. POTTS is right in tracing Wordsworth's
quoted line to a passage in Scott's ' Talis-
man.' At all events, the two quotations
provide a very interesting parallel. I
would venture to suggest another solution.
In Moxon's edition of Wordsworth's 'Poetical
Works,' London, 1865, 6 vols., it is stated
in the notes on ' St. Bees,' iv. 288, that
" the form of stanza in this poem, and something
in the style of versification, are adopted from
the ' St. Monica,' a poem of much beauty upon a
monastic subject, by Charlotte Smith: a lady to
whom English verse is under greater obligations
than are likely to be either acknowledged or
remembered. She wrote little, and that little
unambitiously, but with true feeling for rural
nature, at a time when nature was not much
regarded by English poets ; for in point of time
her earlier writings preceded, I believe, those of
Cowper and Burns."
Is it not conceivable that the line quoted by
Wordsworth may be taken from Charlotte
Smith's * St. Monica ' ? TOE RE A.
THE EARLIEST TELEGRAPHY (US. iii. 24).
— Richard Lovell Edgeworth, father of the
novelist, is usually looked upon as the
pioneer of modern telegraphy. ' Chambers'
Encyclop.' says : " Semaphores were in-
vented by Richard Lovell Edgeworth in
1767 (cf. p. 91 of his 'Memoirs,' ed. 1844)."
But, after all, he would seem to have been
no more than an experimentalist in the art
of signalling, just as he was in so many
branches of science. The ' D.N.B.' says : —
" In 1765 he returned to England, and took a
house at Hare Hatch, near Maidenhead .... A
desire to know the result of a race at Newmarket
led him to invent a plan for telegraphing. He
tried the experiment at Hare Hatch. It is said
to have been the first attempt at telegraphic
communication."
The method employed must, however, have
been very primitive. His claim as originator
may be fairly disputed ; as, amongst other
dabblers in the art, Amoutons had, not so
very many years previously, carried out
successful experiments. Unfortunately, the
last-named left no drawings or detailed
descriptions ; which will, however, exonerate
Edgeworth from the charge of copying his
plans. It was not till after Claude Chappe
had made known his invention to the French
Government (1792-3) that the Irish scientist
endeavoured to bring liis system before the
192
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. n, 1911.
public. Doubtless he had improved his
methods by a study of Chappe's plans ;
possibly, too, he was one of the rival claim-
ants who drove Chappe to suicide. After
the Irish Rebellion (1798) Mr. Edgeworth
persuaded the Government to lay down a
line from Dublin to Galway ; but, according
as the fear of invasion declined, the matter
was dropped. Edgeworth died 1817. His
daughter, Maria, in her letters, mentions
how, on their visit to Paris, 1802, they took
lodgings near the central telegraph office,
so that her father might closely study the
means and methods employed. He was a
man of varied talents and many clever
" notions " ; velocipedes, drainage, road-
measuring machines, &c., and, as ' Harms-
worth's Ency.' says : " claimed to have
invented the electric telegraph as now
used." Yet, were it not for his famous
daughter, his name might, perchance, be
now entirely forgotten.
HEBBEBT B. CLAYTON.
39, Renfrew Road, Lower Kennington Lane.
HOLWELL FAMILY (11 S. ii. 528 ; iii. 74,
111). — The following short extract from
The Gentleman's Magazine for June, 1788,
may interest COL. PBIDEAUX : —
''Died, Capt. Pigott of Compton Chamberlain,
Wilts : one of the 23 persons who providentially
escaped the fate of their fellow prisoners suffocated
in the Black Hole of Calcutta in 1756 of whom
except Gov. Holwell he has not we believe left a
survivor."
According to Burke' s * Gentry,' Thomas
Walcot, a younger brother to Edward and
Bowes Walcot, was a captain in the 12th
Regiment, of which John Pigott became
captain in 1778.
In Holwell's account of the Black Hole
the only names mentioned are " Court
Secretary Cook, Lushington, Burdet, Ensign
Walcot, Mrs. Carey, Capt. Dickson, Mr
Moran and John Meadows and 12 Military
and Military [sic] Blacks and Whites some o:
whom recovered when the door was opened,'
and John Pigott may have been among the
latter.
There certainly was a John Pigott who
joined as ensign or lieutenant the 39th, in
1750, and this regiment went out to India in
1754, and it is quite possible that some o
the officers may have been taken prisoner:
when Fort William was captured in 1756.
As far as I have been able to ascertain
John Pigott resided during his boyish days a
Ballymonty, co. Tipperary; and Frances
the younger of his two sisters, married a
Clonmel, ~9 July, 1757, Richard Po\\er
afterwards second Baron of the Excheque
n Ireland, younger brother of John Power
f Tullamin Castle, co. Tipperary, A.D.C.
o General Clive at the battle of Plassey,
757. Was this Po\ver also an officer in the
9th Regiment ? He was the ancestor of the
>aronets.
It seems that many of those who escaped
ut of the Black Hole prison were Irish. We
vant a complete annotated list of the
3 survivors, and it is to be hoped that the
many correspondents of ' N. & Q.' will be
able in time to supply this deficiency.
WM. JACKSON TIGOTT.
Has COL. PBIDEAUX seen the pamphlet by
Mr. S. C. Hill containing a list of all the
Europeans in the English factories in Bengal
n June, 1756 ? Beside J. Z. Holwell there
was possibly a Richard Holwell, but Mr.
ilill is not certain. There was no Bowes
Walcot ; only Edward. I think Mr. Hill's
nvestigatioii is the latest.
FBANK PENNY.
Mr. Phillimore mentions that the arms of
Holwell are marshalled by the family of
Money-Kyrle. R. J. FYNMOBE.
KNOTS IN HANDKEBCHIEFS : INDIAN
CUSTOM (11 S. ii. 506; iii. 35, 97).— I pre-
sume the " knotting " was to assist memory.
If so, many very pious Hebrews abroad and
in this country practise it. In this way,
"nefas est," to carry anything on the
Sabbath (otherwise than subconsciously of
course, like one's clothing, for example),
such as an umbrella : so handkerchiefs or
bandannas" are converted into girdles, the
loose ends of which would come in handy for
" knotting " into " memory-reminders." I
have seen pious scholars do it in order to
remind them to look up some " knotty "
point. M. L. R. BBESLAB.
WILLIAM ELMHAM (11 S. iii. 87). —It
appears from Blomefield's * History of
Norfolk,' passim, that Sir William Elmham,
knight, justice of peace for the counties
of Norfolk and Suffolk, was the son of Henry
Elmham of Elmham and Frenge, Norfolk,
and Elizabeth his wife, that he was patron
of the rectories of Bowthorpe and Coltishall,
both in Norfolk, and lord of the manors of
Ingoldsthorpe and Frenge, Norfolk, and of
the Manor of Westhorpe, Suffolk ; that his
town house in Norwich was afterwards
known as Skipwith's Place from its owner
in the reigns of Henry VI. and Edward IV. ;
that he took part with Henry Despenser,
Bishop of Norwich, in the campaign against
the adherents of the Anti-Pope Clement VII.,
ii s. in. MAR. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
193
landing at Calais, 23 April, 1582 ; that
later he was imprisoned in the Tower on
suspicion of having betrayed Gravelines
to the French ; that he was again imprisoned
with the Bishop of Norwich in 1398 ; that he
died in 1403 (will dated 2 April) without
male issue, leaving a widow Elizabeth ;
and that both he and his widow who died
in 1419, were buried in a chapel of the Abbey
of Bury St. Edmunds.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
See Sir N. Harris Nicolas' s History of the
Royal Navy, vol. ii., text, and appendix.
R. B.
UptOD.
SCOTTISH TITLES CONFERRED BY OLIVER
CROMWELL (11 S. iii. 88). — Archibald John-
stone of Warriston was one of those appointed
by Cromwell to his Upper House, and re-
ceived the title of Lord Warriston. Argyll
had been craated Marquess by Charles I.
He received no title from Cromwell. His
status as Sheriff of Argyllshire was confirmed
by the Commonwealth. I may say that
though he did not sit in any of Oliver's
parliaments, he was Member for Aberdeen-
shire in the Parliament of Richard Crom-
well. JOHN WILLCOCK.
Lerwick.
Sir Archibald Johnston, Lord Warriston,
was called by Cromwell to his House of
Peers (January, 1658), and was also sum-
moned to Richard Cromwell's House of
Lords. I cannot find that Argyll was ever
one of Cromwell's Peers.
A. R. BAYLEY.
VANISHING LONDON : PROPRIETARY
CHAPELS (US. ii. 202, 254, 293, 334; iii.
149). — At the last reference, under "Chapels
pulled down or diverted," MR. FRANCIS
mentions St. Etheldreda, Ely Place. Ac-
cording to ' The Catholic Directory,' this
chapel was built in 1297, and reopened as a
place of Roman Catholic worship in 1876.
It belongs to the Fathers of Charity, other-
wise known as Rosminians. Ward, Lock
& Co.'s ' London,' 1910, at pp. 228-9, says:
" Hatton Garden . . . .and Ely Place . . . . , stand
on the site of the famous palace of the Bishop of
Ely, where John of Gaunt died in 1399.
Says Gloucester in ' Richard III.' : —
' My lord of Ely, when I was last in Holborn,
I saw good strawberries in your garden there ;
I do beseech you send for some of them.'
" Later the palace was occupied by Sir Christo-
pher Hatton, Lord Keeper to Queen Elizabeth ....
The only portion of the palace which escaped
the Fire has recently been restored, and now
forms St. Etheldreda's Church, Ely Place, the
only pre-Reformation church in London that
has been restored to the Roman Catholic worship.
The tracery of the east and west windows, the
former filled with fine stained glass, the oak roof,
the crypt, and the cloister in which fig-trees still
flourish, make this quiet nook, in the heart of the
great city, a place of exceptional interest."
So we may be thankful that " Vanishing
London " is a misleading heading, so far as
St. Etheldreda's is concerned.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
COURT LIFE (11 S. iii. 107, 156).— A very
useful work on this subject was published by
William Strange of 21, Paternoster Row in
1848. Its title is fully indicative of the
contents : —
" Sketches of Her Majesty's Household :
Interspersed with Historical Notes, Political
Comments, and Critical Remarks, showing at one
view, the salaries attached to the various appoint-
ments, the nature and extent of the duties to be
performed, the amount of Pensions upon Retire-
ment or Superannuation, with descriptive
particulars of each Department : Forming a
Guide to Situations in the Sovereign's Domestic
Establishment. By pointing out in whom the
Patronage is vested, &c., and containing informa-
tion relative to the English Court, interesting
to all classes, derived from Private and High
official Sources."
It is less historical than Thorn's ' Book
of the Court ' and more critical, but certainly
not scandalous. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
HENRY GATAKER (11 S. ii. 409 ; iii. 132).
— I have found, since sending my last reply
to a query about one Gataker that Henry
Gataker got third place at entrance in
Trinity College, Dublin, on 6 July, 1796.
He entered as a pensioner ; had been edu-
cated at Westminster School, and took as
his tutor Mr. Magee, F.T.C.D. (1766-1831),
afterwards Archbishop of Dublin. His
father's name was Thomas, and he was
probably a clergyman (there is a blot on the
entrance register), who belonged to the
County Louth. Henry Gataker did not
proceed to his degree.
P. A. MCELWAINE.
Dublin.
WARWICK LANE AND ITS HISTORICAL
ASSOCIATIONS (11 S. iii. 121). — Possibly
COL. PRIDEAUX may be glad to know on
high authority that, when Warwick the King-
maker died on the field of battle at Barnet,
he errs in saying that " all the honours and
possessions of the Nevills fell into the
hands of the ill-fated Clarence."
As a matter of fact there still exists a
deed of partition of the copyholders of the
Marquis Montague and Isabella Ingaldethorp
194
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. MAE. n, 1911
his wife dated 9 July, 17 Henry VII.,
daughter of Sir Edmund Ingaldethorp, and
coheir of John, Earl Worcester.
By this deed over forty manors in various
parts of England devolved on Lady Isabella
Nevill, a daughter of Montague, who married
the ancestor of the present owner of one of
these manors in 2 Henry VII. This Mon-
tague was the brother of Richard, Earl of
Warwick, called the Kingmaker, and both
were killed in the battle of Barnet, where
a high stone pillar records the memory of
the fatal event. WILLIAM MERGER.
PHYSICIAN'S CANE (11 S. iii. 168).— The
following is from Jeaffreson's v A Book about
Doctors,' 1861, p. 2 :—
" The physician's cane is a very ancient part
of his insignia. It is now disused, but up to very
recent times no doctor of medicine presumed to
pay a professional visit, or even to be seen in
public, without this mystic wand. Long as a
footman's stick, smooth and varnished, with a
heavy gold knob or cross-bar at the top
a physician's wand ought to have a knob at the
top. This knob in the olden times was hollow,
and contained a vinaigrette, which the man of
science ahvays held to his nose, when he
approached a sick person, so that its fumes might
protect him from the noxious exhalations of 'his
patient."
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
"TEAPOY": " CELLARETTE " (11 S. iii.
149). — Referring to the Editorial note, may
I say that Yule does not state that " teapoy "
is a corruption of the Persian sipai, tripos,
but a Hindustani, or perhaps rather an Anglo-
Hindustani word of hybrid etymology,
from Hind, tin, three, and Pers. pde, a foot.
Hs adds that the legitimate word from the
Persian is sipdl (properly slhpdya] and the
legitimate Hindi word tirpad or tripad, but
tipai or tepoy was probably originated by
some European in analogy with the familiar
" charpoy " (Pers. chitar-pai, four feet), a
bedstead, possibly from a desire to avoid
confusion with another very familiar word,
sepoy. W. 'F. PRIDEAUX.
. The word " tea-poy " is 'the Sanscrit
tin-paya colloquially pronounced by an
English tongue (compare " sepoy " for
sipahi). The meaning of the word is
'* tripod." By dint of use it became especi-
ally associated with a three-legged stand to
carry a tea equipage in India, where tea
was drunk by the English residents long
before it became domesticated in England.
The date of its first appearance in this
country is uncertain, but it was probably
introduced by Anglo-Indians prior to 1650,
and with it came the fashion of the " tea-
poy." The earliest public notice of tea,
I think, appeared in the Mercurius Politicus
in 1658 as follows : —
"That excellent, and by all Physitians,
approved, China Drink, called by the Chineans,
Teba, by other Nations, Tay alias Tee, is sold
at the Sultaness-Head a Cophee-house in Sweet-
ing's Rents by the Royal Exchange, London."
H. D. ELLIS.
7, Roland Gardens, S.W.
MOVING PICTURES TO CINEMATOGRAPHS
(11 S. ii. 502, 537 ; iii. 56, 155).— The follow-
ing notices of panoramic views are suffi-
ciently noteworthy to be added to those
already given. In or about 1794 Thomas
Girton, a painter, produced a semicircular
view of London, taken from the top of the
Albion Mills, near Blackfriars Bridge, south
side. In 1830 L. Mazzara exhibited a
panoramic view of Alexandria. He also
executed fifty splendid views forming a
continued line from the castle of Dover to
the point of Reculver, showing the coast of
the county of Kent, as well as the inland of
the island of Thanet. After this he illus-
trated ' ' the most splendid town in the
world," in one continued line of views from
the mouth of the Thames to Richmond Hill.
These were executed on a new system of
perspective founded on circular lines as
set forth in a pamphlet published by him,
entitled « Perspective, explained upon the
System of Tangenteography, and the Effect
as produced in the Tangenteorama,' 1834.
TOM JONES.
ROEITES or CALVERTON (11 S. iii. 9). —
Throsby, in his additions to Thoro ton's
' History of Nottinghamshire,' says that in
1793 there were two dissenting meeting-
houses in Calverton,
" one of 'which has a famous pastor John Roe,
who it is said bid defiance to the discipline of the
established church, respecting matrknony. Two
of his female followers have suffered a long im-
prisonment in Nottingham jail in consequence.
One I believe was his wife in his own way ! "
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
COUNT OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
(11 S. ii. 509 ; iii. 54, 94)A-The late Fr
William Humphrey, S.J., in his ' Urbs et
Or bis,' at p. 167, writes as follows : —
" Bishops Assistant at the Pontifical Throne
receive at the time of their nomination the title
of Count. This title is also given to laymen
in reward of their services to the Church. These
Counts are properly Counts Palatine, and not
Roman Counts, as they are very often, but in-
accurately, called. They were in ancient times
n s. in. MAR. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
195
Companions (Comites) of the Pope, when h
lived at St. John Lateran, and they composec
his Court. The insignia consist of a gold cros
and chain, and a mantle with embroidered cross
The official title of this dignity is — ' Count of th
Apostolic Palace, and of the Court of the
Lateran.' "
It is doubtless either a Count of this kind
or else an hereditary Count of the States o
the Church, who is known to R. W. P.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
REBECCA AND HER DAUGHTERS (11 S. iii
89). — May I be permitted to express my
entire concurrence with ST. SWITHIN in
thinking the explanation advanced by Miss
Evans, as to the origin of the " Rebecca '
of the Welsh riots, wholly inadequate
Her explanation brings a comic element
into the narrative, and suggests gatherings
of good-humoured, but mischievous schoo!
boys. Had the riots been grounded on
force, as Miss Evans seems to imply, it is
safe to say that the disturbances would no1
have lasted a week, instead of being continued
over a period of some four years. The
Welsh people were undoubtedly in grim
earnest from the very first outbreak. They
felt themselves wronged, and found in
Scripture, as they believed, an adequate
authority warranting resistance of the
wrong. They had, in fact, a real grievance,
which the Government took care to
remedy with as little delay as possible.
But in any case, there seems no reason why
we should reject such accounts of the genesis
of the Welsh riots as are given in Miss
Marti neau's ' History of the Peace ' or in Mr.
McCarthy's ' Short History of Our Own
Times ' in favour of the theory advanced
by Miss Evans as to their origin.
SCOTUS.
MURDERERS REPRIEVED FOR MARRIAGE
(US. iii. 129, 172).— I cannot find that this
was ever a legal right in England, but the
idea is widespread in the folk-lore of many
countries. Numerous references will be
found in F. Liebrecht's ' Zur Volkskunde '
alte und neue Aufsatze, Heilbronn, 1879,
pp. 433-4, to similar beliefs in France,
Germany, Italy, Hungary, Spain. In some
of these it is not a virgin, but a woman of
loose conduct, who is the medium of saving
the man' s life by marriage under the gallows.
Two instances are given in H. Estienne's
' Apologie pour Herodote ' (edited by Ristel-
huber, 1879), vol. i, p. 253-4, and from a
note quoted from Maury,' L'Ancienne Legis-
lation CriminelJe ' (no more exact reference),
it is implied that the custom or right only
applied in the case of " le ravisseur con-
damne a mort et que la fille enlevee con-
sentait a accepter pour mari."
In most of the stories the point of
the story consists in the man refusing
thus to save his life because the woman is
ugly or lame, &c. ; see also 9 S. viii. 419,
where reference in made to the infamous
'' Noyades " of the French Revolution.
I cannot find, however, any reference to this
custom in Allison's ' History of Europe '
in his long account of such " Noyades."
A. COLLINGWOOD LEE.
Waltham Abbey, Essex.
Perhaps this was a " guid Scots " custom.
I cannot connect it with any particular town,
but I bethink me of Meg of Elibank and cite
the following passage from chap. xi. of
Lockhart's ' Life of Sir Walter Scott.' The
poet wrote thus : —
" I have some thought of attempting a Border
Ballad in the comic manner but I almost despair
of bringing it out well. A certain Sir William
Scott from whom I am descended was ill-advised
enough to plunder the estate of Sir Gideon Murray
of Elibank, ancestor to the present Lord Elibank.
The marauder was defeated, seized, and brought
in fetters to the castle of Elibank upon the Tweed.
The Lady Murray (agreeably to the custom of all
ladies in ancient tales) was seated on the battle-
ments, and descried the return of her husband
with his prisoner. She immediately inquired
what he meant to do with the young Knight of
Harden, which was the petit litre of Sir William
Scott. ' Hang the robber assuredly,' was the
answer of Sir Gideon. ' What ! ' answered the
ady,' hang the handsome young knight of Harden,
when I have three ill-favoured daughters un-
married ! No, no, Sir Gideon, we'll force him to
narry our Meg.' Now tradition says that Meg
Vlurray was the ugliest woman in the four counties,
and that she was called in the homely dialect of
-he time meikle-mouthed J/e</....Sir Gideon,
ike a good husband and tender father, entered
nto his wife's sentiments, and proffered to Sir
William the alternative of becoming his son-in-
aw or decorating with his carcase the kindly
o-allows of Elibank. The lady was so very ugly
hat Sir William, the handsomest man of his time,
)ositively refused the honour of her hand. Three
ays were allowed him to make up his mind ; and
'i was not until he found one end of a rope made
ist to his neck, and the other knitted to a sturdy
ak bough, that his resolution gave way, and he
referred an ugly wife to the literal noose. It is
vid they were afterwards a very happy couple."
ST. SWITHIN.
SAMUEL BYBOM (US. iii. 168).— In the
' Private Journal and Literary Remains
of John Byrom,' edited by Canon R. Parkin-
son for the Chetham Society, there are
frequent references to the sad condition to
which " Beau Byrom " had reduced himself.
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
196
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. m. MAR. n, 1911.
The ' D.N.B.' (viii. 129), under John
Byrom, poet and stenographer, says : —
" The Byroms of Manchester were a younger
branch of the Byroms of Salford, themselves a
younger branch of the Byroms of Byrom [of that
Ilk, as would be said in Scotland]. The last
representative of the parent stem was Samuel,
commonly called ' Beau Byrom,' a spendthrift,
who sold his estates (some of which were bought by
John Byrom's father and uncle), got into the
Fleet prison, and there published (in 1729) an
' Irrefragable argument,' &c. It was sold for
the benefit of the author, and was, in reality,
a covert appeal for charity. The ' beau ' got out
of prison, and John Byrom helped him to obtain
support."
A. R. BAYLEY.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
iii. 48). — -The last item wanted is the final
verse in a little song entitled ' God's Garden,'
written by D. F. Gurney. The first verse
begins
The Lord God planted a garden
In the first white days of the world.
The music is by Frank Lambert, and the
song was probably published about ten
years ago by Chappell & Co., London.
A. H. ARKLE.
KEATS, HAMPSTEAD, AND SIR C. W.
DILKE (11 S.iii. 145, 176).— Sir Charles Dilke
promised the Keats relics to the Chief
Public Library at Hampstead : and there
is no question of these going to any Branch
Library or to the British Museum.
H. K. H.
[MB. M. L. R. BBESLAB also thanked for reply.]
BENJAMIN GARLIKE (11 S. iii. 88). — Ben-
jamin Garlike was admitted to the honorary
degree of Doctor in Civil Law, on Friday,
6 July, 1810, at Oxford.
F. M. R. HOLWORTHY.
* Memoirs of the late Benjamin Garlike,
Esq.,' will be found in The Gentleman's
Magazine for June, 1815, pp. 564-5. The
London Magazine might also be consulted
at the British Museum Library.
LIONEJ, SCHANK.
MEW OR ME WES FAMILIES (US. iii. 105).
— Benjamin Hannam of Caundle Purse, who
was brother of James Hannam, in his will,
dated 17 August, proved P.C.C. (37 Darcy)
4 November, 1581, mentions William Mew
as his brother's " servant," to whom he had
entrusted an inventory of the residue of his
goods. If this William Mew is to be iden-
tified with the Middle Templar admitted in
1598 as fourth son of Peter Mew of Caundle
Purse, deceased, he must have joined the
Inn at an unusually late age, and his father
was possibly the Peter Mewes who married
Jane, daughter of John Buckler. According
to Mr. Buckler's ' Bucleriana ' (p. 1, citing
the registers of St. Margaret, Westminster),
this John Buckler died in 1540.
FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.
Streatham Common.
There is a pedigree of the descendants
(not the ancestors) of Ellis Mews, the father
of the Cavalier bishop, in Wilson's * Parish
of St. Laurence Pountney,' p. 249. This
pedigree seems to some extent to lack veri-
fication.
The register of St. Andrew's, Holborn
(not published), contains the following
marriages : —
1589. June 17. Thomas Mew and Joan
Castell.
1597. July 9. Thomas Mew and Anne
Egleton.
The register of Long Sutton, Somerset
(published in Mr. Phillimore's series), con-
tains the following : —
1601. June 11. William Meawe and Eleanor
Gardiner, both of Upton.
1616. April 12. John Cox and Christian Mew.
1627. Oct. 29. John Wilmouth and Alice
Mew.
ALFRED SYDNEY LEWIS.
Library, Constitutional Club, W.C.
AMERICAN WORDS AND PHRASES (11 S.
iii. 48, 172). — Stifel. — The reference, no
doubt, is to the stifle (perhaps connected
with " stiff "), which is " the joint of a horse
or other animal next to the buttock, and
corresponding to the knee in man." When
a strain or other accident affects the stifle,
it seriously disables a horse, and may
permanently depreciate its value. See Halli-
well, * Archaic Dictionary,' s.v. * Stime.'
Stocking feet. — Whether it is peculiarly
Scottish or not, this expression certainly
occurs in Scotland. Among the peasantry
stocking feet are sometimes used as a sub-
stitute for over-shoes, and they may even be
worn when there are no shoes at all.
THOMAS BAYNE.
Stocking feet. — This saying is in common
use all over England. I have known it in
Yorkshire for nearly sixty years. Thackeray
says it is Sc9ttish ; see 3 S. ix. 118, 267, 336,
378. Many instances are given in ' E.D.D.,'
v. 776. W. C. B.
Stocking feet. — This is quite usual in the
border counties. You "go to bed in your
stocking feet " if you leave your shoes
downstairs at night, formerly a general
n s. in. MAR. 11, MI.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
197
habit. It is also a joke to tell an olde
brother or sister they " will have to dance
in their stocking feet " at a wedding of
junior member of the family. M. N.
Read out. — Is not this probably traceable
to a Stock Exchange phrase, formerly
perhaps still, existent, meaning to try t(
ascertain by the expression of a man'
features what his intentions are ? The man
consequently, of a political party who hac
been "read out" would be " outed." He
was excommunicated. In North Yorkshire
such a person is "read out o' t'chotch,'
i.e., the church. In Hunt's 'Popular
Romances of the West of England,' " He
left the * people ' that he mightn't be reac
out." Also as regards the provincial pro
nunciationof " church," "t'chotchwardner '
(i.e., the churchwarden), in North Yorkshire
counts the money collected at the offertory.
Squab-boat would, I think, bs an awkwardly
built sailing vessel, of which some skippers
would not be proud.
A stifel may have been a horse-name for
the carrying capacity of a packhorse, but
whether the word be of Dutch or German
origin I am unable to say. The provincial
English stive, to stuff, from the Old French
estiver, says Dr. Skeat, means to pack tight,
and from the same root with stifle, sixteenth-
century Scandinavian from Icelandic stifla,
to dam up, choke. Possibly a stifel horse
was one that had its legbone put out or the
joint much hurt. The " stifle joint " was
known as the first joint of a horse, and
bending next the buttock and over the thigh.
Stocking feet. — This is by no means an
exclusively Scottish expression as examples
of its use in the 'E.D.D.'will show: "He
pulled off his boots and slipped away in his
stocking feet " (Keith, * Bonnie Lady,' 1897,
114). When a younger sister marries first,
in the North of England, it is jocularly
said to the elder ones, " Ala, now you will
have to dance in your stocking feet " (3 S ix.
336) ; " Desin, thoo knas, war in his stockin'
feet" (Robison, * Aald Taales,' 1882).
This was in Cumberland, and the expression
appears to have been originally a north of
England one rather than Scotch, and pre-
valent in Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, North-
umberland, Berwick, Perthshire, and Lin-
colnshire.
Toe the mark. — Would not this be a phrase
descending to us from the days of archery ?
I do not, however, find any instance of its
use at this earlier period. To toe the line,
scratch, or mark is nowadays to begin or
resume a task or undertaking, as a race, a
fight, in which competitors are obliged to
keep within, or go no further than a chalk
mark. Hence, colloquially, to stand up to
one's obligation or duty. To " face the
music " is a phrase of similar meaning.
Tunket. — Perhaps this was " as cold as a
Tonquin (Chinese) pig." Such a small, short-
legged, fat pig of the Chinese build, or any
small pig with an upturned snout, was known
in Northamptonshire, Notts, Lines, and
Leicestershire as a " tunkey," " tunky,"
or " tonkey " pig.
Tussey boys. — " Tussey " is an obsolete
word (West Yorkshire) for a low, drunken
person ('E.D.D.').
Whitehead.— Would this be a White Cap,
a self-constituted regulator and corrector of
morals in the United States from 1889 to
1890 ?
Whitewash. — I do not know whether it is
so now, but any one who formerly passed
through the bankruptcy court was said to
have been whitewashed. There was, how-
ever, another sense, American, in which
the term was used, which will be found
in Barrere and LslancV's ' Dictionary of
Slang,' 1897.
York waggon. — The York waggons from
York to London were familiar to seventeenth-
century travellers. Possibly the New York
people also used them.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
[ScoTcrs and T.F.D. also thanked for replies.]
NEWENHAM ABBEY, DEVON (11 S. iii. 70,
110). — Further information about the regis-
ters of this abbey will be found in ' The
History of Newenham Abbey,1 by James
Davidson, 1843, which, if J. K. F. has not
seen it, I shall be happy to lend him.
E. A. FRY.
227, Strand, W.C.
NAPOLEON PRINT (11 S. ii. 390).-
tfapoleon was appointed General in Chief
of the Armies of Italy in February, 1796.
The drawing referred to was probably exe-
cuted in Paris before he set out to assume
he command. It is likely to have been made
>y the celebrated painter David. Napoleon
was 28 years old in 1796. W. S. S.
JOHN HUDSON (11 S. iii. 9). — In the ' Post
Office Directory ' of 1820 the name of
' John Hudson, Paper-hanger & Print -
eller," appears at 85, Cheapside.
198
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. n, ion.
Dumfries and Galloway Notes and Queries, Part I.,
Series I. (Dumfries, Courier and Herald
Office.)
IN September, 1909, the editor of the Dumfries
and Galloway Courier and Herald arranged for a
discussion of local matters in the form of notes
and queries, and his scheme straightway de-
veloped into a very popular and substantial
feature of his journal. After a year's experience,
the publishers are justified in their conclusion
that the contributions thus secured constitute an
agreeable miscellany which fully merits separate
publication. The working plan is practically
that of ' N. & Q.,' although occasionally what
is substantially a lecture on a native theme takes
the place of the standard "note." Political
and literary history, genealogy, place-names,
folk-lore, and so forth, are treated luminously
and well, many of the discussions having not only
local value, but also general importance. The
writers are not always exhaustive in stating
references. One, for instance, has a note on
Burns's ' Lines Written on the Back of a Bank-
No te,' and quotes the verses as if he gave them for
the first time. He should have said that they
appeared in The Morning Chronicle and The Edin-
burgh Magazine in 1814, and were afterwards in-
cluded in complete editions of the author's works.
Another contributor writes on Helen Walker,
the prototype of " Jeanie Deans," and, while
admitting that the significant part of his com-
munication " has been published before,"
omits to state that it is a slightly revised version
of the narrative prefixed by Scott in 1830 to
' The Heart of Mid-Lothian.'
A Book of Light Verse. Edited with Notes by
B. M. Leonard. (Frowde.)
WE noticed with pleasure the author's ' Pageant
of English Poetry.' The present collection, which
is available in several elegant bindings and in
each case at a moderate price, is similarly com-
prehensive, and we share the verdict of a judicious
friend, who is also an old reviewer, that it is
likely to prove a source of perpetual pleasure.
The " musa jocosa " of the past has not been
overdone of late years, and Locker-Lampson's
' Lyra Elegantiarum,' on which this volume
largely relies, is the best of foundations. Al-
together, there is abundance of matter both
familiar and known to but few. No living writers
are included, but the harvest of the past is rich
enough to occupy many a fireside evening. The
.notes explain obscurities, and supply some lite-
rary judgments of interest, though these are in
some cases rather examples of prejudice than fair
criticism. A list of authors and an Index of
First Lines are given — conveniences that ought
to be always added to such collections as this.
Fragrance Among Old Volumes. By Basil
Anderton. (Kegan Paul, Trench & Co.)
THE papers which Mr. Anderton has here re-
printed from some of the minor magazines in
which they first appeared are of slight texture,
and we cannot take them so seriously as the
author does. Indeed, we find it difficult to dis-
cover their raison d'etre, as they hardly possess the
charm of style which would atone for the flimsi-
ness of their matter ; and we doubt if they will
be of interest to many outside the circle of the
author's friends. There are some good reproduc-
tions of old cuts, by Bewick and others, but
otherwise the illustrations are amateurish. The
example of " early Church poetry " quoted from
St. Bernard (p. 85) is really derived from the
Vulgate of Ecclesiasticus xxiv. 29.
The West Riding of Yorkshire has been added
to the " Little Guides " of Messrs. Methuen. All
wise travellers know the value of these guides with
their compact and easily accessible information ;
and for ourselves, we thank Mr. Joseph E. Morris
for his well-illustrated descriptions 'of, and com-
ments on, a country which is full of the beauties
both of art and nature. The Yorkshire dales
should not be missed by any lover of England.
IN The Cornhill for March Canon Vaughan,
whose writing we always read with pleasure, has
an excellent article on* ' The Authorized Version
of the Bible.' He quotes Dr. Scrivener's remark
that " never perhaps has a great enterprise of a
like nature been carried out with less knowledge
handed down to posterity of the labourers, their
method, and manner of working." The revision
occupied two years and nine months, but the
exact date of publication in 1911 is not known.
The Version, especially in the New Testament,
bears " the impress of the genius of Tyndale," and
it is just this greatness of rhythm which, we may
add, the Revised Version utterly misses. Canon
Vaughan reproduces various tributes to the in-
comparable book and quotes from Prof. Cook,
without giving the source of the passage, the
' Cambridge History of English Literature,'
usages which have become part of the ordinary
speech of the people, and are not generally recog-
nized as biblical. Mr. A. C. Benson has an
admirable subject in ' Professor Newton,' who
was described by a friend of his as having " all the
characteristics of John Bull." The Professor wore
the oldest clothes ; insisted on verifying his
references ; would not have a single lady in the
College Chapel ; objected strongly to the intro-
duction of an organ ; and left strict injunctions
that there was to be no music at his own funeral.
He loved to have his way, and generally got it,
dominating the small society of Magdalene
College. He was useful, Mr. Benson indicates,
as a drag on hasty changes and sentimental
theories. ' The Subaltern ' has a lively account of
life in the Persian Gulf and Busra, and Mr. G. M.
Trevelyan affords new light on Garibaldi as com-
mander of the forces of Montevideo in South
America. This information comes from the
papers of Sir William Gore Ouseley, a diplomat
who was sent on a special mission to Montevideo.
This authority says that a brave, worthy, and
upright man has been misrepresented by contin-
ental enemies. Garibaldi came to see him late at
night in a Poncho, for he was busy all day pre-
paring orders, maps, &c., and could not afford to
purchase lights for his own use. The Poncho con-
cealed the dilapidated state of his clothes, for
he did not get his proper pay, and declined the
title of General and the rewards offered by the
Montevidean Government, as Mazzini explains
in a letter here quoted, probably of 1846. Mazzirii's
hopes of future eminence for Garibaldi were fully
realized.
n s. m. MA*. 11, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
199
The Literary Paper this month is on Lewis
Carroll. The previous one of Browning has, it
appears, been answered correctly by six people.
We are not surprised, and think it would be well
to have a certain amount of questions which
demand critical ability rather than the mere
knowledge of facts and references which assiduous
search can secure.
IN The Nineteenth Century, as in many other of
the magazines, there are articles ' For and
Against the Declaration of London.' Mr. Noel
liuxton has an interesting account of ' Young
Turkey after Two Years,' and is able to find solid
advance in civilization of various kinds as the
result of the new rule. An important point for
the foreigner is that " freedom of travel is
immensely enlarged." The Vice -Provost of
Eton, considering ' The Position of the Laity in
the Church of England,' would have them hold
a stronger position in parishes as a check on
autocratic clergy. But we doubt very much if
the ordinary layman of the English Church is keen
enough to belong to a board or select vestry
which holds frequent meetings. It is this apathy
which renders desirable plans inoperative. ' The
Censor, and other Tales,' by Dr. Max Meyerfeld,
exposes once more, from a foreign point of
view, the futility and stupidity of the present
Practice of licensing pieces for the stage. Dr.
oseph Jastrow writes interestingly on ' The Will
to believe in the Supernatural,' and Sir Bay
Lankester as militantly as usual on ' Compulsory
Science versus Compulsory Greek.' This last
article would gain by a more moderate tone.
It is full of " question -begging " epithets and
phrases. ' Yeoman Hopkins : One Asset in
our Armour,' by Major-General Sir W. G. Knox,
gives an account of the sort of thing expected from
a raw young farmer turned Territorial, and inci-
dentally touches on the dangers of invasion of
this country. An elegant article in French on
' Charles Baudelaire et FEsth^tique de la Deca-
dence ' is by M. Andre Beaunier.
IN The Fortnightly, after some political articles,
we come on ' Christina Rossetti,' by Mr. F. M.
Hueffer, who writes with just appreciation of the
powers of that remarkable poetess. He says that
he told her of a very strong feeling that after
Tennyson's death she should become Laureate.
Mr. Hueffer abuses Ruskin roundly, and we
trace here, as elsewhere in his writing, a bitter-
ness which is unpleasing. Mr. Filson Young has
an elaborate article on ' The Musician as Com-
poser,' which should attract attention. We
cannot, however, accept his division of music
into "vertical" and " horizontal," which seems to
us fanciful, and also to ignore the scientific
principles of sound as developed, for instance, by
Helmholtz. His summary of the sorts of modern
music as musical translations of literary ideas,
" absolute " music, and musical hypnotics, seems
much more effective. ' Some Criticisms on the
< 'ollection of Income Tax ' is well worth study, for
Mr. A. M. Latter shows that officials deliberately
claim more than they have a right to by law, and
arc otherwise prejudiced against the taxpayer
who has not a chance of being heard and judged
by an impartial authority. Mr. G. C. Nuttall on
' Eugenics and Genetics ' writes very good sense :
unfortunately, it is sense that has not yet reached
tin? ear of the general public, which is hardly
encouraged by seeing the excesses of those who
should know better. Doctors and teachers of
science, men of light and learning, are not de-
terred from forming unsuitable unions. Mr. T. A.
Cook has an interesting account of ' The Develop-
ment of Swordsmanship ' among Englishmen,
while Miss Elizabeth Robins is enthusiastic in
' A New Art of Travel ' about two books by Miss
Gertrude'JL. Bell. We share the enthusiasm, though
we see no advantage in Miss Robins 's fantastic
staccato style. Mr. Francis Gribble is very enter-
taining in his account of ' The Theatre Franc,ais
in the 'Fifties,' run by ArseneHoussaye, appointed
by his friend Rachel in spite of the protests of
comedians. Further interesting articles in a well-
varied number are ' Bjornstjerne Bjornson,' by
Mr. Robert Machray ; ' How Primitive Round
Houses became Square and Oblong,' by Mr. W.
Shaw Sparrow, and ' Memories of Fort Chabrol,'
by Mr. J. F. Macdonald, to whom the Sidney
Street affray has suggested a record of the defence
by Jules Gu^rin of his massive house as an Anti-
Semite protest. The siege actually lasted thirty-
seven days in 1899.
IN * The National Review, ' Episodes of the
Month ' are treated with the usual vigour of
expression, and a " Unionist Free Trader " pro-
ceeds to find holes in ' A Democratic House of
Commons, 1906-1910.' Mr. Austin Dobson, has
one of his elegant and informative articles on
' Eighteenth-Century Stowe,' and Miss H. Rein-
herz discovers that ' The Girl Graduate in
Fiction ' has been inadequately pictured. So
has the man graduate, and the reasons are not
far to seek. Mr. H. C. Biron has a commendation
of ' The Genius of Mr. Thackeray,' in which he
deprecates the views of some modern critics.
His article is well phrased, but we should hardly
call it critical. It is rather the pleasant exposi-
tion of an old admirer who does not care to
analyze his faith. Mr. D. C. Lathbury in ' Ele-
mentary Education ' puts some questions which
seem to us much to the point.
Ix The Burlington Magazine the Editorial
articles deal with ' Recent Appointments ' and the
announcement of the authorities of the Bedford
General Library that they intend to sell, for purely
pecuniary reasons, Bunyan's copy, in three
volumes, of Foxe's ' Martyrs,' used by him in
Bedford Gaol. It is pointed out that these volumes
were purchased in 1841 by public subscription and
presented to the Bedford Library, and we agree
in thinking it " astounding " that public
property of the sort should be put on the market.
Mr. Roger Fry ' On a Profile Portrait of Baldo-
vinetti,' shows his admirable powers of connoisseur-
ship, while Sir Martin Con way has an interesting
and well illustrated article on ' Diirer and the
Housebook Master.' The drawings considered
are of special moment as belonging to the period
of Diirer's Wandcrjahre. Mr. F. W. Hasluck's
' Genoese Lintel-Reliefs in Chios ' and Dr. C. H.
Read's 'Plato's "Atlantis" Rediscovered' are
both also well illustrated. The latter refers to the
discoveries of a German traveller, Dr. Frobenius, in
Ife, the sacred capital of the Yoruba country,
in the English colony of Southern Nigeria. The
sacred heads figured are of interest, and seem to
indicate a technique beyond the negro ; but the
article offers little to justify its title, which is
due, apparently, to the German explorer. Herr
Perzynski continues his noteworthy articles
200
NOTES AND QUEEIES. m s. m. MAR. n, wn.
' Towards a Grouping of Chinese Porcelain,' and
there is a fascinating page of illustrations of ' Old
Marcasite Jewellery ' discussed by Mr. Dudley
Falcke. The name indicates a mineral which is
really pyrite. The reviews in the number, as
usual, are well worth attention.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES.— MARCH.
MR. P. M. BARNARD'S new Tunbridge Wells
Catalogue contains autographs, manuscripts, and
documents, and includes a long. list of require-
ments for the stable of Charles I. when Prince of
Wales, 4Z. 4s. ; an interesting document by Sir
Philip Sidney, 15L 15s. ; and a collection of MSS.
of the Marquis Wellesley, 101. 10s. Under Words-
worth is an unpublished sonnet, also 101. 10s. A
division of the Catalogue is devoted to documents
arranged topographically. Under Staffordshire
is a Psalter, with a Kalendar (some leaves
wanting), bound in modern black morocco, 281.
Under John Evelyn is a collection of autographs
of people mentioned in the Diary, 61. 10*. A
list of the names will be sent on application.
Under Louis XIV. is an apparently contemporary
MS. account of the reign, 1643 to 1650, 31. 3s.
There is a copy of ' Epicteti Stoici Philosophi
Enchiridion,' 1670, which belonged to Isaac
Watts, with notes by him, 2,1. 2s. The items in the
Catalogue number 344, and are all fully described.
Mr. Bertram Dobell has in his Catalogue 193
some choice autograph letters, including those of
Dickens, Hood, Mrs. Fitzherbert (" Perdita "),
Sheridan, Tennyson, and Horace Walpole.
Among first editions are * Peregrine Pickle,'
5Z. 10s. ; Lamb's Album verses, 31. 3s. ; Massin-
ger's ' Fatal Dowry,' 61. 10s. ; Walton's Life of
George Herbert, 4L 4*. ; Washbourne's ' Divine
Poems,' 51. 5*. ; ' Poems by Ellis and Acton Bell,'
Smith & Elder, 1846, 11. 5s. ; ' Tristram Shandy '
(Vols. I. and II., second edition ; Vols. III. to IX.
first edition, with the author's signature in Vols.
V., VII., and IX.); 'A Sentimental Journey,'
second edition ; and Letters, first edition, to-
gether 14 vols., 45Z. The general portion contains
works under America, Cruikshank, Drama, and
Folk-lore. Under Juvenile are books with quaint
woodcuts, 1806-32 ; and under Shelley is the
first edition of ' A Six Weeks' Tour,' Hookham,
1817, 21. 5s. The Catalogue closes with Foreign
Books.
Messrs. Andrew Iredale & Son's Torquay
Catalogue 79 contains the first edition of ' Shirley,'
3 vols., original cloth, 51. 5s. Under Charles I.
is ' Eikon E'piste,' printed in 1649, in answer to
4 Eikon Alethine ' ; there are also in the same
volume ' Lingua Testium,' 1651, and other
pieces, small 4to, 51. 5s. There are first editions
under Coleridge. A choice copy of Dibdin's
' Bibliotheca Spenceriana,' 4 vols., 1814-23, green
morocco, is 61. 6s. ; his ' Tour in France,' is also
61. 6s. A presentation copy of Dugdale's
' Warwickshire,' russia by Riviere, is 10Z. Under
Grangerized is Granger's ' Biographical History,'
extended to 13 vols. by the insertion of a thousand
portraits, 121. 10s. The first edition of ' Wood-
stock ' may be had for a sovereign. A large-paper
copy of Nash's ' Worcestershire,' 2 vols., folio,
1781-99, calf, is 10Z. There is a considerable
section devoted to Religion and History of
Religion.
Mr. Alexander W. Macphail's Edinburgh
Catalogue 106 contains Austin Dobson's edition
of Hogarth, 2 vols., imp. 4to., 4Z. 10s. ; Leigh
Hunt's W7orks, 7 vols., half-calf, 11. Is. ; Lanier's
' Shakspere and his Forerunners,' 2 vols., large
royal 8vo, with portfolio, 21. 2s. (Edition de Luxe,
only 102 printed, of which 10 were for England,
the remainder for the United States) ; and
Scott's novels, 25 vols., new half-calf, A. & C.
Black, 1897, 4Z. 4s. A " Breeches " Bible, 1611,
Barker's Concordance, a Prayer Book circa 1640,
and the Psalms in metre, the whole in one volume,
small 4to, are priced 11. 10s. There is a list under
Glasgow. A presentation copy of Ruskin's
lecture on war, privately printed, 1866, is a
guinea, and a relic of the past in the shape of an
antique tea-caddy, mahogany inlaid, with horn
cup for measuring, circa 1750-75, is 11. 15s.
Mr. W. M. Murphy's Liverpool Catalogue 102
contains Drayton s ' Polyolbion,' a fine clean
copy, 1622, 121. 12s. Lists will be found under
America, Art, Chap-books, Coloured Plates, and
Costumes. Under Dickens is the first edition of
' Nickleby,' 21. 10s. Under Drama is Doran's
' Their Majesties' Servants,' 2 vols., half -calf,
1864, 11. 8s. Under French Illustrations is
D'Aussy's ' Fables et Romans,' extra illustrated,
5 vols., 21. 10s. Under Leigh Hunt is The London
Journal, 2 vols. in 1, 10s. 6d. There are works
under Lancashire. The Edition de Luxe of
Menpes's ' The World's Children,' in addition to
the beautifully coloured plates, has a signed
water-colour, 1903, 31. 3s. The Somers Tracts,
13 vols., 4to, 1809-15, are 31. 10s. Under Surrey
is Brayley and Britton's work, 5 vols. in 10, 1850,
2/. 10s. Under Yorkshire will be found Whittaker,
Halfpenny, and other well-known names.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
to
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
pritit, and to this rule we can make no exception.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
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To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
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eading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
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queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
CORRIGENDA— P. 173, col. 1, 1. 34, for "sapientes"
read cupientes. P. 179, col. 1, 1. 8, for "T'yd-pt-
cleas " read T'y-p'-deas.
ii s. in. MAK. is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
201
LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH IS, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 64.
NOTES :— Totell, Sir Antony St. Leger, and John Harington,
201— The Arrest of Louis XVI., 203— Gray's ' Elegy,' 204—
Reform of the Calendar, 205— Flood Superstitions—"!
f egs » _ White Meats : Wigs : Af ternooning— In Black
and White— Cadie=Caddie, 206.
QUERIES :— Terrace— " Secular trees " — " Sedulous ape "
— "Seekers" — Macaulay's Allusions — Bedfordshire
Epitaphs : Rev. Robert Smyth— Geffery le Bakester de
Loffithe— Book Inscriptions—' Waverley ' : Departed Hero
and the Sun's Lingering Light, 207— Plaistow and its
Products— Sonnets by Rafael— Miles Gale— Murder on
Gad's Hill in 1661— Early English Bookbindings— Battle of
Barnet— Dogs on Brasses and Stone Effigies, 208 Double
Dedications— Emperor and Painter— Thomas Jenner—
The Lords Smeaton and Smeaton Family— Sir John
Toinlinson Hibbert— Sandy Mackaye in ' Alton Locke '—
Hertford Street— Historic Fires in Ancient Rome— H.M.S.
Pactolus— Meg Dods and 'The Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 209.
REPLIES :— London Gunsmiths, 210— " Almighty Dollar"
—Smallpox and the Stars, 211— Gratious Street=Grace-
church Street— Bar " Sinister "— Crevequer of Bereford—
Lamb, Burton, and Spiera, 212— " Cackling clouts":
" Carpillions " : " Gainshot" : " Suffice "— Sweetapple
Surname— "Owns" : " Blithering,* 213—' A Voice from
the Bush '—Canons, Middlesex, 214-Mansel Family-
Thomas James Thackeray— Baptismal Scarf, 215—
Pawper or Pauper Bird, 216 — William Mears — Arnol-
fini Family—' Les Arrivants'— Litany : Spitting and
Stamping the Feet, 217— Thomas Morris-Jones—Mother's
Maiden Name as Children's Surname— Pitt's Letter on
Superstition, 218.
NOTES ON BOOKS: — 'The Complete Poems of Emily
Bronte.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
TOTTEL' S 'MISCELLANY,'
SIR ANTONY ST. LEGER, AND SIR
JOHN HARINGTON THE ELDER.
THE reason why so little progress has been
made in discovering the authors and history
of many of the unclaimed poems in Tottel
is not the difficulty of research or want of
material, but lack of interest in the matter.
It seems almost shameful that a piece by
Chaucer should have lain undiscovered in
this collection of songs and sonnets for more
than 350 years, despite the fact that the
book is in almost everybody's hands and
that Chaucer's work is so well known. And
as regards material, there is no lack of it,
for in those old days most people of culture,
especially those about Court, used verse as a
common medium to circulate their thoughts
and opinions of things amongst each other,
with the result that to-day we possess an
enormous mass of the poetry they wrote,
much in print, but still more in manuscript.
It ought not, therefore, to be impossible to
name the authors of poems in Tottel and in
similar miscellanies, especially as names are
sometimes appended to the fugitive pieces
that passed privately from hand to hand,
and that the originals of other posms are to
be found at times in the works of well-known
writers.
I will try to show now that the search for
such authors is sometimes only a surface
matter, as in the case of Chaucer's poem,
and that Tottel is no more to be trusted
than other miscellanies of the same charac-
ter. Tottel' s ascriptions to Surrey are
accepted for gospel, and he would be a hardy
man who would dispute them without over-
whelming evidence of a contrary character.
The strange thing about it all is that the
evidence against Tottel has been available
for more than a hundred years, and has been
passed by because a meddling editor, who
did not know the value of evidence, chose
deliberately to put it in the background as
much as possible, and to substitute for it
matter which he had picked up in odd
corners. But I am anticipating, and will
return to this side of my subject a little
later.
There is no doubt whatever as to the pert
played by Sir Antony St. Leger in Tottel.
He it was who wrote the epitaph on Sir
Thomas Wyatt the Elder, Tottel, p. 228 :—
Lo dead he lives, that whilome lived here, &c.
The only strange thing about the matter is
that Dr. Nott and others should print the
epitaph as the composition of Sir Antony
St. Leger, and fail to notice that it appears
amongst the " Uncertain Authors " in
Tottel. There are two versions of this
epitaph, the one printed in the ' Works of
Wyatt,' Aldine Poets, p. 236, reading as
under: —
Sir Antonie Sentleger of Sir T. Wyatt.
Thus lieth the dead, that whilome lived here
Among the dead that quick go to the ground ;
Though he be dead, yet doth he quick appear
By immortal fame that death cannot confound
His life for aye, his fame in trump shall sound.
Though he be dead, yet is he thus alive :
No death that life from Wyatt can deprive.
Dr. Nott's version corresponds word for
word with the epitaph printed in Tottel, his
heading only being different : —
An Epitaph
on
Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder, the Wise, the
Learned,
and the Good,
By Sir Anthony St. Lieger.
Sir Antony St. Leger, then, takes his place
by the side of Chaucer as one of the authors
202
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. MAR. i8, i»n.
who had a hand in Tottel. It is interesting
to find that it was to another " Anthony
Sentleger, of Oakham, in Kent, Esq.,"
that Massinger dedicated ' The Unnatural
Combat.' Massinger states that this
Anthony's father, Sir Warham Sentleger,
was " a master, for his pleasure, in poetry,"
and that father and son were generous
patrons of men of his profession.
I turn back now to where I cut myself
short, to deal with the claims of Sir John
Harington the Elder.
In 1804 Thomas Parke edited a new
version of ' Nugse Antiquae,' which had been
compiled from family MSS. by the Rev.
Henry Harington, some twenty years or more
previously. Parke thought he could improve
upon Harington by adding fresh matter
to ' Nugae Antiquae,' and no doubt he did
so ; but his improvements went too far, for
he left out of his edition of the work several
interesting pieces of ancient prose as well as
all poems printed by Harington which he
had traced to Tottel's ' Miscellany.' With-
out staying to examine the headings of
some of these poems, and ignoring altogether
the circumstance that the readings of the
Harington poems differed in many points,
and are in several instances more correct
than those in Tottel, he bundled them
out and took credit to himself for having
performed a very smart piece of work.
Parke' s act was nothing less than a
piece of vandalism, for it turns out that
not only was the old ' Nugae Antiquse '
compiled from MSS. in the handwriting of
the two Sir John Haringtons, but that these
MSS. put Tottel and ' The Paradise of Daintie
Devices ' right where they are wrong ; and,
moreover, they prove that the older Haring-
ton was a poet of no mean order, and the
author of at lea it four of the Tottel poems,
one of which has been given wrongly to the
Earl of Surrey, besides being the writer of a
piece which is paraded in * The Paradise of
Daintie Devices ' above the signature of
Lord Vaux.
When I saw the value of the Harington
evidence, I asked myself, Why has not this
been made use of before ? Why has not
Sir John Harington been added to the
ustof Tottel's authors ? And how do editors
of Surrey's poems reconcile their author's
claim to a poem which Sir John Harington
expressly declared to be his own and written
by him at a certain time and in peculiar
circumstances ? It would seem that
Parke' s ignorant meddling had been but too
successful, and that his edition of * Nugae
Antiquae ' had swamped the Harington
version of the work, for editors of Surrey and
Wyatt ignore ^ the existence of the latter, or
only consult it when it suits their purpose
to do so.
There is a piece in ' The Paradise of
Daintie Devices ' which commences
The life is long, which loathsomely doth last, &c.
The compiler has signed this poem " D. S.,"
and it has been assumed that the
initials belong to Dr. Sands, or Sandys, who
afterwards became Archbishop of York. I
have never seen any proof advanced that
Dr. Sands had written or was capable of
writing verse, and the younger Sir John
Harington, in his ' Additions ' to Bishop
Godwin's ' Catalogue of Bishops,' does not
give the least hint of such a thing, although he
seems to have been intimately acquainted with
his life and with the doings of members of
Dr. Sands's family. He may, however,
have dabbled in poetry in his early days,
though it seems very strange that the young
Sir John Harington does not say so : the
point is that the poem referred to just
previously was not written by anybody
owning the initials "D. S.," but was by Sir
John Harington the Elder. The paternity
of the poem is not open to the least doubt,
for Sir John Harington tells us when he
wrote it, and where. In 'Nugae Antiquse'
it is printed thus : —
Elegy wrote in the Tower by John
Haryngton, confined with the Princess
Elizabeth, 1554.
The lyfe is long, which lothsomely clothe last,
&c.
Parke did not know that this poem was
also in Tottel, among the "Uncertain
Authors," and therefore he copied it from
Harington' s book, and enabled me to see at
once that he had been bungling all through.
The Tottel poem occurs in Arber, pp. 129-
130, and contains three stanzas not in
' Nugae Antiquae ' ; and the version of it in
' The Paradise of Daintie Devices ' has the
same number of stanzas as Tottel, although
Tottel and ' Nugae Antiquae ' agree in parts
where both differ from ' The Paradise of
Daintie Devices.' An instance of this is to
be found in the following stanza, which
' England's Parnassus ' copied from Tottel
and ranged under "Death" : —
Death is a port, whereby we passe to joy.
Life is a lake, that drowneth all in pain.
Death is so dere, it ceaseth all annoy.
Life is so leude, that all it yeld.es is vayn.
And as by life to bondage man is braught :
Even so likewise by death was fredome wraught.
There are only small differences in the
last two lines of the * Nugae Antiquae ' poem,
ii s. m. MAR. is, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
203
whereas ' The Paradise of Daintie Devices '
has several verbal changes : —
Death is the doore whereby we drawe to joye,
Life is a lake that drowneth all in paine :
Death is so dole it seaseth all awaie. &c.
'England's Parnassus' makes matters
worse by ascribing its quotation to the Earl
of Surrey, thus proving once again how un-
reliable are some of the signatures in these
old anthologies.
This evidence establishes the elder Harmg-
ton's claim to one poem in Tottel's " Un-
certain Authors." CHARLES CRAWFORD.
(To be continued.)
THE ARREST OF LOUIS XVI.
WHEN Louis XVI. was recognized, at
Varennes, in his abortive attempt to escape
into Belgium, Sauce, Attorney of the
Commune (or Maire), drew up a proces
verbal of the arrest, which has been carefully
preserved in the municipal archives, and
previous to 1855 it had been transcribed
by Lamartine only. But in that year
the Rev. G. M. Musgrave was allowed
to take a copy, of which he has given the
condensed substance, "without a single
alteration," in the following translation: —
The 23rd of June, 1791, Varennes.
The first Proces Verbal of the arrest of the King and
of the Royal Family at Varennes.
There are scenes in life which the feelings of
men can far more accurately realize than their
thoughts, and the impressions left by which ex-
haust all the conceptions of the most lively
imagination. Of such a nature was the scene of
which this town has just been rendered the
theatre.
On Tuesday, 21st of June, at 11 P.M., the
Attorney-General of the Commune was suddenly
informed by a courier [Drouet] from St. Mene-
hould, that two carriages, which it was found
i i npracticable to detain at Clermont, would shortly
arrive at Varennes, and it was believed that they
contained a charge in trust very precious to
overy French heart. Upon the arrival of these
(•.images almost immediately afterwards, the
Attorney-General of the Commune demanded
of the party inside their passports. A passport
\vas handed over to him bearing the signature
of Montmorin, and granted to the Baroness de
Kroff and family, en route to Franckfort.
The night was dark, and the townspeople were
astir ; and the Attorney-General took occasion to
observe to these yet unknown parties in the two
carriages, that the disturbance thus arisen, the
darkness of the night, and consideration for their
safety dictated the course of not pursuing their
journey at this hour, and he suggested their accom-
panying him to his own residence.
They were eleven in all : five in one carriage
two in another, and four on horseback, as escorts
Having alighted at the Attorney-General's
louse, they stated that it was their intention
;o go to Montmedy, not to Franckfort ; and as
;hough French hearts, ever wont to hold in dear
regard the person of their king, were certain to
recognize his presence, directly the demonstra-
ions of love and respect we so earnestly mani-
'ested were offered, he exclaimed : —
" Yes, I am the King : There is the Queen and
;he Royal Family ! I am come to reside among
you, in the bosom of my children : — I am not
abandoning them."
The tender sympathy and emotion of all
jarties present blending with that expressed by
;he King, the monarch and his august family
condescended to embrace all the citizens who
were in the apartment, and to receive from them,
n turn, the same manifestations of their lively
and heartfelt affectionateness. At this moment
an individual arrived, stating himself to be an
aide-de-camp of Monsieur de Bouill6 [Marquis,
governor of Metz and Alsace], and demanding
x> speak to the King. Being introduced by the
Attorney-General of the Commune, and asked
the King what his name was, he replied : —
" 1 am Coquillard." [Goguelot.]
" Well and good," said the King. " When
are we going ? "
" I await your orders, Sire."
And the orders were given with concurrence
of the Attorney-General and this officer.
The King, nevertheless, manifested anxiety
:,o set off, and at several intervals asked if his
horses were ready. A mob of townspeople, and
of the inhabitants of the immediately adjoining
villages, had, meanwhile, begun to crowd the
streets of Varennea ; and the intelligence of the
King's arrival had been conveyed even to distant
localities. There was a general rush, akin to all
those impulses of joy and tender anxiety with
which, in the midst of loud expressions of eager-
ness, a large family would make such feelings
known, upon finding a father who had been long
missing, and whom they dreaded losing again !
The municipal officers of the town felt that they
had only to direct the King's attention to such a
spectacle — such a scene of moving sympathies
and disquietude — to awaken the kindly feelings
of his heart. They urged that, loved as he was
by his people, his throne was in all their hearts —
his name in all their mouths ; but that the place
of his abode was Paris, to which capital the
anxious and urgent prayers of the provinces,
at the present period of discord and alarm, were
calling back their chief, and all the citizens their
sire ; that the safety of the State depended on the
completion of the scheme of the Constitution,
and the safety of the Constitution itself was
vitally connected with his return ; that blest as
they were in the existence of his personal virtues,
the French people felt their individual happiness
derivable from his own personal well-being ; and
that their acutely feeling and affectionate hearts
would never recognize the pledge and assurance
of such felicity, but in the inseparable participation
of its enjoyment with him.
Meanwhile a detachment of the Hussars of
Lauzun arrived, thrown with all precipitation
into Varennes. Another, a German regiment,
that had been in garrison at Stenay, and a troop
from the neighbourhood, were reported to be on
their way. The first-named evinced the most
204
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MA*, is, 1911.
Amicable feelings towards their fellow-citizens.
After repeated demands on the part of the
King [as to pursuing his journey], the municipal
officers held a general council, when, just as they
were assembling, an aide-de-camp from Monsieur
de La Fayette [colonel of the National Guards of
Paris] arrived in the town, bringing a decree
of the Assembly, or rather, it might be said, of the
prayers and wishes of all France, that the King
should return. The townspeople urgently be-
sought the King to consider what bloodshed and
misery might result from his departure, and what
happiness would ensue on his return — that all
Paris, the National Assembly, and France at
large, would greet with the most enviable welcome
this fresh assurance of the love he bore to his
people.
Yielding, at length, to these passionate and
urgent expressions of public feeling, the King
and royal family consented to set off ; and
towards half-past ten o'clock in the forenoon
[? 6 A.M.], and amidst those exclamations of the
multitude which it is so affecting to hear when they
issue from combined feelings of liberty and loyal
attachment, the party drove off, surrounded by
a, considerable number of the townspeople on
horseback, and by the National Guard, muster-
ing, on this occasion, for the purpose rather of
gracing such a triumph of deep feelings, than of
constituting a mere personal protection.
The municipal officers who accompanied them
as far as Clermont were .... [Here follow several
names.] — Musgrave, 'A Pilgrimage into Dauphin^,'
1857, vol. 1, pp. 206-12.
A second proces verbal was drawn up, which
contains some variations from the first,
having been ordered by the National
Assembly. F. H.
GRAY'S ' ELEGY ' :
TRANSLATIONS AND PARODIES.
See 2 S. xii. 128; 3 S. i. 112, 197, 220,
255, 339, 355, 398, 43-2 ; ii. 17, 55, 199 ;
6 S. viii. 107; ix. 509; x. 37, 112, 239 ;
8 S. iii. 44 ; 9 S. vii. 8 ; 10 S. ii, 175 ; v. 406.
II. PARODIES AND IMITATIONS.
(Concluded from p. 145.)
English.
J. B. Fisher. ' The Pettiffogger.' In Town-
Talk, in 1819 or earlier. Reprinted by Hamilton,
op tit., pp. 25-6.
' The Foundlings.' 4to, London, 1763.
' The Gambler.' In Bgan's ' Book of Sports,'
1832. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. tit., pp. 27-8.
Geoffrey Gimcrack, pseud. * Dry Goods : an
Elegy.' In ' Gimcrackiana, or Fugitive Pieces
on Manchester Men and Manners,' Manchester,
1833. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 28.
' Gray's Elegy [a Parody].' (Written in the
Rooms of the Geographical Society, in the
Presence of Du Chaillu's Collections.) In Punch,
1861, xli. 7.
' Gray's Elegy. (In an Irish Prison.) ' In
Punch, 2 September, 1882. Reprinted by Hamil-
ton, op. cit., p. 38.
H. See above under Corporal Trim.
M. W. H. ' Elegy written in a City Church-
yard.' In Hood's Magazine, 1848, pp. 555-8.
Edward Hamley. ' Reflections in Netley
Abbey.' In his * Poems of Various Kinds.'
London, 1796.
Sir George Hayes. ' A Temple Elegy.' Lon-
don, [1870 ?]. The British Museum Catalogue,
until corrected by the writer, ascribed this to
William Hayes. Reprinted in ' Hayesiana,'
London, [1891].
H. Headley. ' A Parody of Gray's Elegy
written in a Country Church-Yard ; the Author
Leaving Trinity College, Oxford, [1786].' In his
' Poetical Works,' London, 1808, pp.- 24-9.
When and where was this first published ?
Hortensius. ' Elegy written 'in a Lingering
Illness.' In The European Magazine, 1791,
xx. 305-6.
Hotspur. ' Elegy in a London Theatre, not
by Gray.' In Bentley's Miscellany, 1843, xiii,
554-5. Cf. 3 S. i. 398.
H. P. Hough ton. ' An Evening Contemplation
in a French Prison.' London, 1809. Reprinted
by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 43.
~' An Imitation of Gray's Elegy. . . .Intended to
Cheer and Animate the Spirits, instead of De-
pressing Them,',, &c. [London ? 1860 ?] The
British Museum copy|is marked 11643. g. 35.
' An Imitation of Mr. Grey's Ode,' &c. In
The Gentleman's Magazine, 1775, xlv. 491.
J. ' Elegy. Written in Drury-lane Theatre.'
In The Poetical Register, 1808-9, vii. 361-5.
O. Jaques. ' The Funeral. An Elegy.' In
The London Chronicle, 12-15 April, 1766, p. 356.
Edward Jerningham. ' An Elegy written
among the Ruins of an Abbey.' London, 1765.
Same. ' The Magdalens.' 2nd ed. London,
1763.
Same. ' The Nunnery.' In The Repository,
1777, ii. 65-70.
' Lament of the Eminent One.' In The Figaro,
6 October, 1875. Reprinted by Hamilton, op.
cit., p. 34.
' Legs in Tattersall's Yard.' In The Spirit
of the Age, 1828. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit.,
pp. 46-7.
' Lord Mayor's Day. A Mock Elegy.' In
The Neiv Foundling Hospital for Wit, vol. v.
1786. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 43-4.
' Love Elegy. Written at College, Ox-
ford.' In 'The Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed.,
1763, v. 119-21.
Robert Lovell. ' The Decayed Farm-House. '
In his ' Poetical Works,' London, 1808, pp. 31-4.
' Lucubrations in an Apothecary's Shop.' In
The Mirror, iv. 459.
' A Lunatic Parody.' In Fun, 1 April, 1865.
Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 33.
A. W. Mackenzie. ' Elegy written in a Country
Rink.' In ' Idyls of the Rink,' 2nd ed., London,
1877. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 35-6.
Marcus. ' Epitaph.' In The London Chro-
nicle, 27-29 July, 1769 ; reprinted in Ackermann's
' History of the University of Cambridge,' i. 75.
W. Mason. ' An Elegy in a Churchyard in
South Wales.' At the moment of writing this
is not accessible to me.
' Meditations on Mr. Barry's New Houses of
Parliament.' In Punch, 1844, vii. 150.
Edward Moore. ' An Elegy written among the
Ruins of a Nobleman's Seat in Cornwall.' In
The Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed., 1763, riii. 88-90.
ii s. in. MAR. is, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
205
William H. Murray. In his ' Occasional and
Farewell Addresses,' Edinburgh, 1851, pp. 69-70.
Cf. 3 S. i. 255.
N. ' Elegy written in a Grub-street Garret.'
In The Trifler, 1788, i. 65-8.
S. N. ' An Elegy written in Kensington
Garden, August, 1787.' In The Gentleman's
Magazine, December, 1787, Ivii. 1107-8. Loosely
imitative,
' Newall's Buildings.' In The Free Lance,
Manchester. Date desired. Reprinted by Hamil-
ton, op. cit., p. 42.
' Night Thoughts.' In The Man in the Moon,
vol. ii., c. 1848. Reprinted by Hamilton, op. cit.,
p. 30.
O micron. ' Imitation of Gray. Epitaph on
Pic Nic, written in a Newsman's Shop.' In The
Morning Post (date?); reprinted in The Spirit
of the Public Journals, 1803, vii. 142.
An Oxonian. See above under Duncombe.
W. P. ' Elegy written at Florence.' Geneva,
1785.
Stephen Panting. ' Four Elegies.' In ' The
Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed., 1763, viii. 20-34.
' A Paraphrase on Gray's Elegy, written on the
Unfortunate Catastrophe of the late Mr. Henry
Weston, who was Executed for Forgery, July,
1796.' London, 1796, 4to.
' Parnell-egy written in a Westminster Palace-
Yard.' In Moonshine, 30 April, 1887. Reprinted
by Hamilton, op cit., pp. 38-9.
' Parody of Gray's Elegy in a Country Church-
yard.' In The British Press, 14 September, 1812.
Cf. 3 S. i. 356.
' Passage from Lord Grey's Elegy.' In Punch,
10 September, 1881.
Thomas Penrose. ' The Curate. A Fragment.'
In The Gentleman's Magazine, February, 1782,
lii. 86-7.
' A Perversion.' In Hamilton, op. cit., p. 42.
' A Political Parody.' In The British Press,
14 September, 1812. Reprinted by Hamilton,
op. cit.. pp. 39-40.
' The Political Passing Bell : an Elegy written
in a Country Meeting House, 1789.' Boston, 1789.
Abr. Portal. ' A Morning Elegy.' In ' The
Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed., 1763,' xii. 65-8.—
' An Evening Elegy.' In same, pp. 60-72.
J. T. R. ' Nightly Thoughts in the Temple.'
Printed with L. D.'s translation, Chatham, 1806.
Did it appear earlier ?
W. R. ' The Long Vacation.' In part in
' Doing, in London,' 1828. Also in The Mirror,
28 May, 1831, and in Hamilton, op. cit., pp. 23-4.
W. Hamilton Reid. ' Elegy on the Waste near
the Charter-House.' In The European Magazine,
1701. xx. 306-7.
' Ruined Halls.' In Punch, 1852, xxii. 255.
S. ' An Elegy written in St. Stephen's Chapel.'
In The European Magazine, 1798, xxxiii. 189-91.
J. S. ' An Elegy. Written at the Approach
<>f Spring.' In ' The Poetical Calendar,' 2nd ed.,
17(H (sic), iii. 5-8.
' Tho Scales.' In Quads (date ?). Two stanzas
quoted by Hamilton, op. cit., p. 42.
' The S.K. King's Requiem.' In Truth, 11
November, 1886. Reprinted by Hamilton, p. 38.
' Supplement to Gray's EK'gy in n Church Yard.'
First appeared anonymously in an American
newspaper ; quoted by Stephen Collett ( = Thomas
Byerly) in ' Relics of Literature,' London, 1823.
Theoderit. ' Elegy on a Quid of Tobacco.'
In ' The Annual Anthology,' 1799, pp. 19-21.
William T. Thomas (pseud. Wr. T. Moncrieff).
' Prison Thoughts. Elegy written in the King's
Bench,' &c. London, 1821.
C. E. Tisdall. ' Elegy on a Favourite Washer-
woman. Mrs. Bridget Mulligan.' In The Elocu-
tionist, 15 July, 1882. Reprinted by Hamilton,
p. 48.
Togatus, pseud. ' An Elegy written in the
Long Vacation.' In The Goionsman, 1 January,
1831. Also in Hamilton, p. 26.
Horace Twiss. ' Elegiac Stanzas on Returning
at Daybreak from a Ball at Lady 's.' In his
' Posthumous Parodies and other Pieces,' London»
1814, pp. 49-58.
Y. ' Elegy on Mr. Maurice Evans.' In The
European Magazine, 1782, i. 66-7.
Sir William Young. 'The Camp.' In 3 S. i.
432-3.
French.
Louis de Fontanes. ' Le jour des morts dans
une campagne.' In Le Magasin Encyclopedique,
1796, and reprinted in book form. One passage
imitates a stanza of the c Elegy.'
Latin.
Quidam. ' Fragments of — Not a Translation*
but — a Loose Distant Imitation of Gray's Elegy.
In The Gentleman's Magazine, January, 1822,
xcii. i. 72.
I have given in each case the earliest
edition known to me, and shall be glad to
learn of any earlier editions ; also of any
other parodies or imitations.
CLARK: S. NOBTHUP.
Munich.
REFOBM OF THE CALENDAK. — ' N. & Q.'
has contained many notes on changes and
reforms in the calendar, therefore it may be
well to put on record the following, which
appeared in The Daily Telegraph of 24 Febru-
ary :—
REFORM OF THE CALENDAR.
A NEW BANK HOLIDAY.
Mr. R. Pearce's bill for the reform of the
calendar, the text of which was issued yesterday,
has for its object the regularising of the quarters
of the year, the adjustment of the days of the
week and of the month, and the fixing of Easter
Day and other Bank Holidays and dates depending
upon Easter.
To this end the first day of the year will be a
Bank Holiday, called New Year's Day, but it is
not to be reckoned as a day of the week or of the
month or quarter. In other words, it will dis-
appear from the calendar, and Jan. 2 will become
Jan. 1.
The effect of this arrangement will be that the
year will consist of 364 days, and hence will be
divisible into four equal quarters of ninety-one
days each, and into fifty-two weeks of seven days
each. Each quarter will contain exactly thirteen
weeks, divided into two months of thirty days
each and one of thirty-one. Each day of the
month will always fall on the same day of the
week.j
206
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. is, iwi.
Ordinary quarter days will not be interfered
with, and special provisions, as in the Calendar
Act, 1750, will preserve days of payment, delivery
of goods, expiration of leases, &c., and coining of
age.
To preserve the symmetry of the new system,
February will be docked of its extra day in leap
years, and another new Bank Holiday, to be
known as Leap Year Day, will be inserted between
the last day of June and the first day of July.
It also will not count as a day of the week, month,
or quarter.
NO MOVEABLE FEASTS.
Beginning in 1912, Easter Sunday and all the
moveable fasts, feasts, and dates dependent upon
it will be fixed so as to fall in every year on the
same day of the same month, as well as on the same
day of the week. The proposed dates are as
follows : —
Ash Wednesday . Feb. 29.
Good Friday . . . April 12.
Easter Sunday . April 14.
Easter Monday . April 15.
WhitSunday . June 3.
Whit Monday . . . . June 4.
Christmas Day, Dec. 25, will always be on a
Monday.
Under the new system, March, June, Sep-
tember, and December will consist of thirty-one
days, and each of the other eight months of thirty.
It is proposed that the reformed calendar shall
aPply» n°t only to the United Kingdom, but to all
his Majesty's Dominions.
The bill is backed by Sir William Bull, Mr. R.
Harcourt, Sir J. H. Dalziel, and Sir Albert Spicer.
BABRULE.
FLOOD SUPERSTITIONS. — An odd belief
still lingers among the Warwickshire
peasantry that a flood follows when swans
wander along the highway. A brood of
nearly full-grown cygnets recently acquired
the habit of leaving the upper part of the
Avon and walking down the Warwick Road,
here to join the river at a lower point. This
act is said to have caused a high flood a few
months ago. Another local theory is that
the death of the sovereign brings on a flood,
as witness the highest flood recorded in
1901, and the last serious one in 1910.
WM. JAGGABD.
"I FEGS." — Translating 'Pegasus in
Harness,' in his version of Schiller's ' Poems
and Ballads,' Lord Lytton makes Hodge
on the mountain top express himself thus :—
" I fegs," the farmer cries, " what next ?
This helter-skelter sport will never do,
But break him in yet I '11 endeavour to."
Such is the reading of the " Knebworth
Edition," 1875, and of the reprint issued
in " The Universal Library " of 1887 under
the editorship of Prof. Henry Morley.
" I fegs " as thus given has all the appear-
ance of being an assertion made in the first
person, whereas it is an asseveration equi-
valent to " In faith," and should take the
form " I' fegs." In the ' Archaic Diction-
ary ' Halliwell duly enters " Fegs. In
faith ! South " ; and Jamieson includes
the word, with definition and illustrations,
in the ' Scottish Dictionary.' Jamieson
likewise gives the variants " faik," " faiks,"
and " faikins," and writes : —
" I' fake (provinc. E.) is evidently the same ;
thus expl. by Thoresby, ' Faith (an oath) ' ;
Bay's Lett., p. 327. A . Bor. ' i' /a/cins, in faith ;
an asseveration ' ; Grose."
It may be added that, if the pronunciation
of the phrase now current in parts of the
Scottish Lowlands were phonetically tran-
scribed, the expression would take the form
used by Lord Lytton' s Hodge.
THOMAS BAYNE.
WHITE MEATS : WIGS : AFTEBNOONING. —
These words occur in the Rev. J. Gother's
sermon for Quinquagesima Sunday (ed.
1718):
" In this Nation it is not permitted, at Collation »
to eat any kind of Fish or Whit-meats ; that is,
Eggs, Cheese, Milk or Butter : Cakes and Wigs
are customary, tho' not made without some
Butter.... As for the Quantity....! think the
most general Rule may be, of eating as much as
comes to -the Quantity of an Afternooning at
other times of the Year [than Lent]."
J. B.
IN BLACK AND WHITE.— The ' N.E.D.'
furnishes no early instance of this exact
phrase, though "under white and black"
is cited from 'Much Ado,' V. i. 314 (1599).
It is, therefore, probable that Ben Jonson
first uses the expression in 1598 :
" Cob. O, he has basted me rarely, sumptu-
ously ! but I have it here in black and white,
[pulls out the ivarrant] for his black and blue,
shall pay him." — ' Every Man in his Humour,'
iv. 3 (Gifford's Edition, p. 20).
RICHABD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
CADIE == CADDIE. — The ' N.E.D.' gives
cawdy in 1730 for what is now called a
caddie, and a quotation of about 1774 for
the equivalent cadie. An earlier instance
than the latter is to be found in The London
Morning Penny Post of 22-24 July, 1751,
which recorded, under the heading * Scot-
land,' that
" Last week one Duncan Grant, a discharged
soldier, who has passed here sometime as a
Street Cadie, was sentenced by the Magistrates
(for imposing on a Gentleman who sent him to
Market to buy Half a Dozen Herrings, who cost
Sixpence, but he averred they cost a Shilling,
which he caused the Gentleman to pay) to be
us. 111. MAR. is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
207
iprisoned in the Tolbooth till Wednesday next'
id that Day to be taken from thence, and put
jn the Pillory, to stand for the Space of an Hour,
rith half a Dozen Herrings about his Neck, and
lereafter to be banished the City and Liberties
>r ever."
ALFRED F. BOBBINS.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
TERRACE. — When was this name first
applied to a row of houses, on a site more
or less elevated above the level of the street
or road, or on the face of a slope ? When
were such " terraces " first introduced in
London, Bath, Edinburgh, and other cities
or towns ? A correspondent thinks that
they date to a little later than the Napoleonic
wars. I should be glad of. examples, with
reference before 1839. This I think is the
latest of the many senses of the word, which
in the sense of the ambulatory or gallery
round a cloister open on the inner side, as
at Magdalen and New Colleges, Oxford, is
found in 15 — . J. A. H. MURRAY.
Oxford.
" SECULAR TREES." — The new edition of
Webster's dictionary gives " secular oaks "
as an example of the use of the adjective in
the sense " aged, centuried." I have a
quotation dated 1876 from Sir Richard
Burton for " secular trees," and several of
the same kind from later writers. Can any
earlier instances of this use be found in
English, or is it a recent Gallicism ? The
closely related sense " lasting through ages"
has, of course, long been common.
HENRY BRADLEY.
" SEDULOUS APE." — Where does this ex-
?ression occur ? I have an impression that
have met with it either in Milton's prose
or in Sir Thomas Browne, but cannot recall
the context. HENRY BRADLEY.
Oxford.
[Used by Stevenson in * A College Magazine. ']
"SEEKERS," RELIGIOUS SECT. — I wish
to know where I can find the fullest and
clearest account of the religious sect known
as, or calling themselves, " the Seekers " —
a set to which Sir H. Vane the younger
belonged. Is there any book which under-
takes to give an account of the various reli-
gious sects which sprang up in the time of the
Commonwealth ? J. WILLCOCK.
MACAULAY'S ALLUSIONS. — Macaulay, in
the essay on Ranke's ' History of the Popes,'
has this paragraph on the vagaries of super-
stition : —
" We have seen men, not of mean intellect or
neglected education, but qualified by their talents
and acquirements to attain eminence either in
active or speculative pursuits — well-read scholars,
expert logicians, keen observers of life and manners
— prophesying, interpreting, talking unknown
tongues, working miraculous cures, coming down
with messages from God to the House of
Commons."
I shall be glad of suggestions as to what
persons Macaulay had in his mind. The
"cures," I presume, were those of Prince
Hohenlohe. GEORGE SAMPSON.
[" Prophesying, interpreting, talking unknown
tongues," allusions to the scenes connected with
Edward Irving's ministry at the Scotch Church,
Regent Square, circa 1829-30.]
BEDFORDSHIRE EPITAPHS : REV. ROBERT
SMYTH. — In a foot-note on p. 132 of/ Fuller's
Worthies,' vol. i. (4to Edition, published in
1812), the editor, John Nichols, F.A.S.,
says:^-
" I have also a good collection of the Epitaphs
in this County, taken before the year 1750, in
the handwriting of that industrious antiquary,
the Rev. Robert Smyth of Woodston. — N."
Can any of your readers say whether this
collection is still in existence, and, if so,
where it is to be found ?
S. M. EGGANS.
GEFFERY LE BAKESTER DE LOFFITHE. —
This baron, according to information given
me by Sir George Baxter, did homage to
Edward I. in 1296. Is anything known of
his ancestry or of his descendants ? Or
any other details about himself ? Loffithe
is now Lochfeithie, near Forfar.
RONALD DIXON.
46, Maryborough Avenue, Hull.
BOOK INSCRIPTIONS. — Will some reader
kindly give me the author of the following :
Goe, little booke ; God send thee good passage,
And specially let this be thy prayere
Unto them all that thee will read or hear :
Where thou art wrong, after their help to call,
Thee to correct in any part or all.
I have seen it attributed to Chaucer, but am
unable to trace it. EGERTON GARDINER.
' WAVERLEY ' : DEPARTED HERO AND
THE SUN'S LINGERING LIGHT. — Can any
one help me to recover a passage in Scott's
' Waverley ' which compares the memory
of a departed hero (Dundee, I think) to the
lingering light of the sun after it has sunk
below the horizon ? A. S. P.
208
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. MA*, is, mi.
PLAISTOW AND ITS PRODUCTS. — Walter
White in ' Eastern England,' 1862, refers to
a poem written a hundred years ago by an
anonymous rimer in praise of Plaistow,
Essex : —
Upon a fertile spot of land
Does Plaistow, thriving Plaistow stand.
Later the poet says : —
Potatoes, now, are Plaistow's pride,
Whole markets are from hence supply'd.
No finer mutton can you spend
Than what our fat'ning marshes send ;
And in our farmers' yards you find
Delicious fowls of divers kind :
Whose cellars rarely ever fail
To keep a cask of nappy ale.
Who thus celebrated Plaistow ?
W. W. GLENNY.
Barking, Essex.
SONNETS BY RAFAEL. — In ' One Word
More,' Browning says that " Rafael made a
century of sonnets." Is this the fact ?
Is there good authority for the statement
that Rafael wrote a large number of sonnets?
E.
[Unsupported by evidence.]
MILES GALE, M.A., rector of Keighley
1712, married Margaret, daughter of Chris-
topher Stowes, D.D., Chancellor St. Peter's,
York. Can any of your contributors give
particulars of the children and grandchildren
of this marriage, or indicate sources of infor-
mation ? j. c. H.
MURDER ON GAD'S HILL IN 1661. — W. B.
Rye has the following note (No. 63) in his
* England as Seen by Foreigners ' (London,
1865) : —
" In 1661, Gad's Hill was the scene of an atrocious
murder committed on a Transylvanian Prince,
named Cossuma Alhertus. He was buried with
great solemnity in Rochester Cathedral."
No reference is given. I should be much
obliged for any information bearing upon this
subject. The Prince is totally unknown
in Transylvanian history. Is there an epi-
taph in Rochester Cathedral ? L. L. K.
EARLY ENGLISH BOOKBINDINGS. — In the
portfolio of rubbings from tjiese, which is
preserved at the National Art Library,
South Kensington, are two numbered 10 A
and HA, which are said to have been taken,
from the sides of a certain ' Histoiia Egesippi
de excidio Judeorum.' The stamps are of
twelfth-century character. No record of
the whereabouts of this book seems to have
been preserved when the rubbings were taken
Can any reader tell me where it is to be
found ? I may add that I am engaged in
collecting particulars of old English bindings
of the twelfth, thirteenth, or fourteenth
centuries, and shall be glad to have advice
j of any which your readers may know of,
' other, of couise, than those mentioned in
Mr. Weale's South Kensington Catalogue.
Any photographs or rubbings that can be
lent me for the purpose of reproduction, I
should be very pleased to have the use of.
R. M. BURCH.
79A, Woodbridge Road, Guildford.
BATTLE OF BARNET : ITS SITE. — In
' Battles and Battle-fields in England,' by
C. R. B. Barrett, a plan is given on p. 192
showing Warwick's army drawn up on the
west of the high road at Monken Hadley,
and Edward's army on the slopes below the
east side of the road — the two armies thus
facing east and west, beyond Hadley Green,
with the high road (presumably the Great
North Road) lying between.
In ' Edward IV.,' by Lawrence Stratford,
it is stated on p. 189 : —
" Contemporary accounts of the Battle of
Barnet give us no clear indication of its exact
site. To the north of Barnet is an open space
known now as Hadley Green, part of the original
unenclosed common called Gladsmoor Heath.
According to one modern authority [see Plan,
Oman, ' Political History,' vol. iv.], it was across
this Heath that Warwick had drawn up his men,
his right wing under the Earl of Oxford and
the Marquis of Montagu, to the west of the High
Road ; the centre, under Somerset, with its right
across the road ; the left, where Warwick and
Exeter had the command, further to the east,
having the village of Monken Hadley in their
rear."
According to this account, the armies
were drawn up on Hadley Green, across the
high road, facing north and south.
Can any further authorities be quoted, or
references given in favour of either view ?
G. A.
DOGS AND OTHER ANIMALS ON BRASSES
AND STONE EFFIGIES. — I shall be very much
obliged if any one can mention where this
accessory subject is dealt with at all ade-
quately. The ordinary works on brasses
(Boutell, Creeny, Macklin, and others) all
practically ignore this accessory, but I should
much like to know (1) the origin of the use
of an animal under the feet of a person
represented in effigy ; (2) the rule, if any
such exists, as to the kind of animal, its
direction and attitude, and the particular
animal for particular classes of persons.
It is not uncommon, for instance, to find
ecclesiastics resting their feet on a lion.
Why ? The lion is found, too, in the case
of knights, sometimes looking to the right,
sometimes to the left. In the cases of a
ii s. in. MAR. is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
209
knight and his lady, the knight usually
rests his feet on a lion, and the lady on a
dog. But not always. In the fine brass
of Sir John Wylcotes and his wife in Great
Tew Church, Oxfordshire, the knight's
feet are on a spaniel ; and another spaniel,
but smaller, reposes in front of the lady.
In one brass in Warwickshire the animal
under the knight's feet seems to be a tiger.
In certain of the older Continental brasses
the variety in this accessory is greater,
dogs, lions, rabbits, &c., all being found.
What I should like would be some adequate
treatment of this side-subject, which must
have puzzled many besides myself.
ABEBDONIAN.
DOUBLE DEDICATIONS. — In conventual
churches where, as at Sherborne, " The body
of the abbay chirch dedicate to our Lady
servid ontille a hunderthe yeres syns for the
chife paroche chirche of the town " (Dugd.,
' Mon.,' i. 331), was the monk's altar dedi-
cated to — or under the invol*d patronage of
— a different saint from that of the people's
altar ? and if so, may " double dedications"
of some parish churches be attributed to — or
serve as indication of — such an arrangement ?
E. LEGA-WEEKES.
EMPEROR AND PAINTER. — Who was the
emperor or king who, on visiting a cele-
brated painter, stooped to pick up his
brush ? Where can I find the story ?
Lucis.
[We think the story is told of Charles V. and
Rembrandt.]
THOMAS JENNER OF ASCOT. — In a list of
engravings there is one of Thomas Jenner,
Clerk of the Course at Ascot, 1829. What
is known of him ? I shall be obliged by any
particulars. R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
THE LORDS SMEATON AND THE SMEATON
OR SMITTON FAMILY. — I should be much
obliged if any of your readers could send me
(direct, or through your columns) particulars
(ancient or modern) concerning any of the
above, with details of their ancestry and
origin. RONALD DIXON.
46, Marlborough Avenue, Hull.
SIR JOHN TOMLINSON HIBBERT. — Refer-
ence is sought to any oil paintings or engrav-
ings of the above statesman. I am aware oi
those in the Grand Jury Room of Lancaster
Castle (of which he died Constable) and in
the Royal Albert Institution here, of which
he was chairman, but should be glad of
notes of others in the Government depart-
ments in which he served ; in the borough of
Oldham, which he represented in Parliament ;
or elsewhere. Please reply direct.
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A., F.S.A.
78, Church Street, Lancaster.
SANDY MACKAYE IN ' ALTON LOCKE.' —
Will readers of ' N. & Q.' kindly inform
me of any characters in other works of
English fiction resembling Sandy Mackaye
in Charles Kingsley's ' Alton Locke,' a
learned second-hand bookseller who under-
stood Latin and Greek ? Carlyle in a letter
to the author, dated 31 October, 1850,
spoke of this kind-hearted, clever Scotchman
as "really perfect" and a "rugged old
hero.??
Replies, direct or otherwise, will be
esteemed a favour.
FREDK. CHARLES WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Roath Park, Cardiff.
HERTFORD STREET. — Why was this street
in the eighteenth century called Garrick
Street ? The connexion with the celebrated
actor or his family does not seem clear.
LEX.
[A competent book on the street-names of
London is much to be desired.]
HISTORIC FIRES IN ANCIENT ROME. —
What great conflagrations are known to
have occurred in Rome between the reigns
of M. Aurelius and Constantino ? Prof.
Hiilsen in his work on the Forum speaks
of a great fire in 283 A.D. Of this I have not
been able to trace any mention in the
original authorities. Can any one give an
authority for Prof. Hulsen's statement ?
The fires in 191 and 238 are well known ; but
I am inclined to think that the date 283
is due to a confusion with 238. If a fire did
occur in 283, was it not confined to the
Forum ? KOM OMBO.
H.M.S. PACTOLUS. — Can any of your
readers tell me where I can find information
regarding H.M.S. Pactolus, in commission
between 1813 and 1815 ? She took part in
fleet operations in the English Channel
and Bay of Biscay. WM. C. MITCHELL.
Greenock.
MEG DODS AND ' THE COOK AND HOUSE-
WIFE'S MANUAL.' — Who was the author of
•' The Cook and Housewife's Manual,
a Practical System of Modern Domestic
Cookery and Family Management, by
Mistress Margaret Dods of the Cleikum Inn,
St. Ronan's " ? My copy is the eighth
edition, Edinburgh, Oliver & Boyd, 1847. It
210
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. is, ion.
is one of the soundest and most trustworthy
of cookery books, and combines technical
usefulness with a quaint narrative and
many apposite quotations, evidence of wide
reading and research. I have always had
an idea that Sir Walter Scott had a hand
in its compilation (see ' St. Ronan's
Well '), but can find no authentic informa-
tion on the subject. "Meg Dods " is evi-
dently a nom de guerre. Who was she ?
And where does Scott come in ? — if at all.
FBANK SCHLOESSEB.
LONDON GUNSMITHS AND THEIR
WORK.
(US. iii. 49.)
I HAVE had fifty years' personal connexion
with the London gun trade, and a previous
generation of the family had thirty years*
similar connexion. I have constantly been
on the look-out for anything in print which
would form a history of the trade, but
have not found anything of the kind.
For generations the gunmaker has been
an individual artificer, or nearly so, the
two or three men of each generation who
proved themselves the cleverest craftsmen
generally becoming of note as years went by,
and keeping the secrets of their speciality
to themselves and just a small band of
helpers. The publicity of print would
have been regarded by them as little short
of sacrilege.
MB,. RODGEB in his contribution offers
one or two conclusions which I believe
are erroneous. Staudenmayer, he suggests,
did not mind which way his name -was spelt.
I have not the least doubt he spelt his
name in its proper way, but his reputation
was considerable, and after his death his
name was pirated, and to avoid the risks
of prosecution certain letters of the name
were altered, which the unwary did not
observe. As a young man I was taught that
when the name was spelt other than Stauden-
mayer the weapon was spurious, and should
be dealt with as such.
" Collaboration," I think, is a misleading
term in this connexion. I have never heard
of two rival gunmakers working to produce
the same gun, but what often happens is
that a gun is met with of which the barrels
bear one name and the locks another. The
reason for this generally is that some
accident has happened to the original barrels,
or they may have actually worn out before
the locks, and new barrels have been fitted
a different maker to the old locks, the
new barrels being engraved with the name
of the maker of them.
Tatham & Egg are quoted. This probably
arises from such a cause as mentioned above,
aecause Egg was in business before Tatham
was born. I have conversed with the
younger generation of the Egg family and
seen Tatham, but knew them as rivals, not
partners.
Some forty years ago I took over the
shop in Pall Mall in which D. Egg's business
had been carried on since the early part
of the century. His proper name may
have been Durward, but we knew him as
Durs " Egg in contradistinction to his
brothers Joseph and Henry, the two latter
carrying on business at the original address,
No. 1, Piccadilly. This was the prominent
corner of Piccadilly and Glasshouse Street
until that island block of houses was pulled
down to make room for the enlarged
thoroughfares and fountain now known as
Piccadilly Circus. This was about 1880.
Section 4 mentions Baker several times
These references are probably to the business
of F. T. Baker, who died a few years ago,
and was the third generation of Bakers who
had carried on the business. This was
carried on -at three different addresses to my
knowledge, being for about a quarter of a
century in Fleet Street, next door to the '
publishing offices of Punch.
To division 4 should be added S. & C.
Smith, Prince's Street, the inventors of a
kind of percussion cap which had much
vogue in its day.
Goldsmiths and silversmiths have at times
to be brought to the aid of the gunmaker
when costly decorated weapons are required,
and such I have had recourse to in quite
recent years, the gunmaker possibly first
making the part in steel, the silver worker
then copying in silver a part to be used in
substitution for the steel, and between
these two workers an artist is employed to
design ornamentation which will decorate
the part without destroying its efficiency.
* The Gun and Rifle,' published by The
Field about twenty years ago, covered much
of what had been done for some years
previously, but mentioned only a few of
those engaged in the trade.
T. W. W.
To MB. RODGEB'S list might be added
William Plasse of St. Botolph, Aldgate,
gunsmith, who on 18 Feb., 1618/19, was
granted licence by the Bishop of London
to marry Phoebe Waters of the same, and
ii s. IIL MAK. is, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
211
who died in Salem (U.S.) in 1646; his
estate being administered by Thoma?
Wickes or Weekes, whose wife Alice and
children were afterwards found in occupancy
of the real estate there (see Waters' s * Glean-
ings,' p. 122, Brit. Mus. 9905 e. 5).
ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
"THE ALMIGHTY DOLLAR 's (11 S. iii.
109, 179). — The passage in Washington
Irving alluded to in the query appears to
be the following: "The 'almighty dollar,'
that great object of universal devotion
throughout our land, seems to have no
genuine devotees in these peculiar villages n
(Washington Irving, ' Creole Village,' quoted
in Barrere and Leland's ' Slang Dictionary,'
i. 31). In the list of Irving's works pub-
lished by Bohn no such title as the ' Creole
Village ' appears. Of course, there must be
such a publication, but what is it t It is
somewhat surprising that even the laborious
Allibone, in his exhaustive account of
Irving's writings, mentions only 'The
Adventures of Captain Bonneville ' as having
been published in 1837. Would MB. THORN-
TON kindly say by what other name the
' Creole Village ' is known 1 S. S. W.
MR. THORNTON has raised a nice point, yet
I think it can be settled. He says that this
phrase appears in Irving's " ' Creole Village,'
1837, and he vindicates it in a foot-note
from the charge of irreverence." It should
be stated, however, to avoid all uncertainty,
that ' Creole Village ' was not published by
Irving himself until 1855, when it appeared
in his ' Wolfert's Roost,' and that the
vindication to which MR. THORNTON alludes
was first printed in that volume. In his
'Life and Letters of W. Irving' P. M.
Irving says (iii. 99) that ' Creole Village '
was " contributed to an annual (' The
Magnolia ').... edited by that brilliant but
unfortunate Englishman, Henry [W.] Herbert
[' Frank Forrester ']." The story filled
pp. 315-26 of ' The Magnolia ' for 1837. This
bears no date on the title-page, but was
copyrighted in 1836. The Knickerbocker for
October, 1836, contained an account of
* The Magnolia,' from which the following
passages are taken : —
" The ' Magnolia.' — This popular annual, for
1831, if we may judge from the plates and those
portions of the matter — comprising nearly the
whole — which we have examined, will prove to be
the best specimen of this species of ornamental
literature ever published in this country. .. .We
subjoin an admirable tale of chivalry, from the
pen of Washington Irving — simply adding, that,
rich as it is, it is not superior to another article from
the same eminent source, contained in the
' Magnolia.' .... [Here follows ' The Widow's
Ordeal.'] The ' Magnolia ' will be published in
the course of the ensuing month, and we shall
embrace another occasion to allude more specifi-
cally to its separate merits." — Viii. 489-94.
The promised review appeared in The
Knickerbocker for November (viii. 598-
605), and we read that " ' The Creole Village,'
by Washington Irving, is so characteristic
and admirable, that we cannot resist the
temptation to transfer it entire." As The
Knickerbocker printed one story from ' The
Magnolia ' before that annual was published,
it is quite possible that ' Creole Village '
was also printed in the newspapers or in some
other magazine before the appearance of
' The Magnolia.' At all events, it certainly
appeared in The Knickerbocker for November,
1836, and presumably that number was
issued during that month.
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
The idea of this phrase, at any rate, is
much older than the time of Washington
Irving. Ben Jonson's ' Epistle to Elizabeth,
Countess of Rutland,' commences thus : —
Whilst that for which all virtue now is sold,
And almost every vice, cdmightie gold.
T. SHEPHERD.
SMALLPOX AND THE STARS (US. iii. 167). —
The seventeenth-century poet is John
Dryden, who, while still at Westminster
School, wrote an elegy 'Upon the Death of
the Lord Hastings ' in memory of a school-
fellow, the eldest son of the Earl of Hunting-
don, who died of smallpox in 1649. The
piece was first published in the same year
in ' Lachrymse Musarum,' a collection of
verses on Lord Hastings' s death. It is
included in modern collected editions of
Dryden's poems, e.g., W. D. Christie's,
pp. 333-6 (1900). See also the beginning of
H. A. Taine's account of Dryden in his
* History of English Literature.'
EDWARD BENSLY.
Dryden's memorial poem * Upon the
Death of Lord Hastings ' is that of which
A. S. P. is in search. One of Dryden's editors
says that the event occurred in the noble-
man's twentieth year, " and on the day
preceding that which had been appointed
for the celebration of his marriage." After
some rather strange imagery, designed to give
poetical dignity to the effects of the fatal
disorder, the poet proceeds thus : —
Or were these gems sent to adorn his skin,
The cabinet of a richer soul within ?
£_ No comet need foretell his change drew on,
Whose corpse£might seem a constellation.
212
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAR. is, 1911.
Apart from its conceits and its stilted
manner, the poem is notable for two reasons :
it has uncommon merits as the exercise
of a schoolboy, and it pleasantly anticipates
the unrivalled management of the heroic
couplet which was achieved in after years.
THOMAS BAYNE.
[SUSANNA CORNER and CYNTHIA WONTNER also
refer to Dryden.]
GRATIOTJS OB GRACINES STREET =GRACE-
CHUBCH STREET (11 S. iii. 149, 175). — Grace-
church Street has nothing to do with " grace"
or " gracious." Stow says there used to be a
herb-market there, though he does not give
his authority. But whether built near a
herb-market or merely on a grassy meadow,
the old church of St. Benet was known as
the Grass Church from very early times. In
1053 Brihtmser entered into a compact
at " Gerschereche " with Archbishop Stigand
and others by which he made an endowment
to the convent of Christchurch at Canterbury.
In the ' Calendars of Husting Wills ' and in
other ancient documents the church and
street are called " Greschurch " or " Gras-
church." The form " Gracechurch Street "
did not come into use till the sixteenth
century. The earliest will in which I have
found it is dated 1505. Even then it was by
no means common. Stow invariably calls
the church and street " Grass Church " and
" Grass Street." In a will dated 1551 I find
the form " Grace Street." Thence came the
corruptions noted by MR. JESSON, " Gracious
Street " and " Gratious Street," which were
fairly common during the seventeenth
century.
Two churches in Lombard Street, All
Hallows and St. Edmund the Martyr, also
bore the epithet of " Grass Church," because
the Grass Market extended down that
thoroughfare, when it was far broader than
in Stow's time. W. F. PRIDEAUX.
Stow tells us (ed. Thorns, p. 80) that
" the parish church of St. Benedict is called
Grassechurch of the herb-market there kept. The
customes of Grassechurch market from the time
of Edward III. speak of corn and 'malt, but no
mention is made of grasse."
The earliest (1275) spelling known to me is
" Garscherche." It occurs several times in
the ' Calendar of Wills enrolled in the Court
of Husting,' published by the Corporation of
the City of London. " Gerscherche " occurs
in 1278. In another document of the same
year mention is made of " bladus in foro de
Gascherche." The meaning of bladus,
" blaed " (leaf), cannot be limited to " grass,"
and we must not forget that though Stow
cited the notion that Grace(church) is
derived from " grasse," he immediately
threw cold water upon it. " Garscherche,"
" Gerscherche," " Grescherche " (1298),
clearly mean the church built or endowed by
a man named Gaerfrith, or Gserhelm, or
Gaerlaf, or the like.
ALFRED ANSCOMBE.
There is a Gracious Street at Whittlesey
in the Isle of Ely, but I do not know how
it got its name. G. C. MOORE SMITH.
BAB "SiNiSTEB35 (11 S. ii. 485).— Q. V.'s
note would seem to show that a bar was used
as a mark of bastardy in Scotland in the
sixteenth century; I presume that "bar'-1
had the same meaning in Scottish heraldry
as in English. But a "bar sinister "
obviously remains an impossibility. Curiously
enough, however, " bar sinister " occurs
(doubtless by a slip of the pen) in the
standard English work on book-plates,
' A Guide to the Study of Book-Plates,' by
John Byrne Leicester Warren (Lord de
Tabley), on p. 132 of the second edition
(1900), where an old German plate is de-
scribed thus : —
" Dr. John Gasteb. Hans Gastgeb Doctor.
Arms — on a 'bar sinister a lion ramp. Crest —
A wing. 7X 4J in."
No doubt the difference between " Gasteb "
and " Gastgeb " is also due to a clerical
error. Perhaps a bend sinister was intended.
G. H. WHITE.
St."Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
As a bar is horizontal, it cannot be either
dexter or sinister. Evidently a bend is
meant. L. L. K.
CBEVEQTJEBOF BEBEFOBD (11 S. iii. 149). —
Probably what OLD SARUM requires is
Great Barford, in Bedfordshire. In the
' Feudal Aids,' vol. i. (published uniform
with the Calendars of Patent Rolls, &c.),
both the Crevequers and Beauchamps are
mentioned in connexion with Bereford, co.
Bedford, which the index identifies with
Great Barford. There are other Berefords,
however. See Domesday and the ' Feudal
Aids.' D. M.
LAMB, BURTON, AND FRANCIS SPIERA
(US. iii. 61, 152).— There is no room for
L. L. K.'s conjecture. The work to which
Nathaniel Bacon was indebted is ' Sigismundi
Geloi Transylvani Historia de Francisco
Spiera,' on pp. 96-124 of ' Francisci Spierse,
Qui quod Svsceptam semel Euangelics3
ii s. m. MAR. is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
213
ueritatis professionem abnegasset, damnas-
setque, in horrendam incidit desperationem,
Historia, A quatuor summis uiris, suinma
fide conscripta,' &c., Basel, 1550. See ante,
p. 62, col. 1, 1. 50, where it was pointed out
that the Latin authorities mentioned were
the writers in the ' Historia.'
EDWARD BENSLY.
" CACKLING CLOUTS " : " CARPILLIONS " :
" GAINSHOT " : " SUFFLEE "(US. iii. 168).
— " Cackling clouts " are naturally rustling
clothes, the " frou-frou " of silk.
" Carpillion " would be the cover of a
pillion, as they appeared to use anything to
stop the draughts.
MATILDA POLLARD.
Belle Vue, Bengeo.
I think carpillions simply means rags,
from the Picard carpir, O-F. charpir (Cot-
grave), to pull to pieces. See char pie and
carpet in ' N.E.D.'
Suffice must be the F. ^soufflee, a thing
puffed out, in this case made of linen. The
' N.E.D.' gives foundation-net, a gummed
fabric for stiffening dresses and bonnets,
which is doubtless something of a very
similar character.
I do not know gainshot ; but see camp-shot
in ' N.E.D.' WALTER W. SKEAT.
SWEETAPPLE SURNAME (US. iii. 66, 134).
— In one of Coleman's catalogues (No. 204,
art. 240) this name is noted as occurring in the
Court Rolls of Domerham Martyn, Wilts,
in 1603 and 1604. See also will of Edward
Skeat of Greenham, parish of Thatcham,
Berks, 1676 (P.C.C. 24 Hale), of which
William Sweetapple of Cholderton, Hants,
is an executor. The will of Richard Briscoe,
cit. and girdler of London (P.C.C. 2 Noel), is
witnessed by John Sweetapple; and the
name is found in Mr. Brigg's Register
" Wootton." See vol. iii. No. 308, where
Henry May, of Alton, Hants, clothier
(1652), mentions daughter Eliz. Sweetapple
and also Geo. Sweetapple and his child.
F. S. SNELL.
The pedigree of the family of Sweetapple,
about the period of the beginning of the
eighteenth century, yet remains to be pub-
lished. I have several notes, but cannot
connect them. A Thomas Sweetapple was
host of the " Ship Tavern " at Greenwich in
1714. There was a family of brewers of
that name in the parish of St. Andrew's,
Holbprn. A member, George Sweetapple,
married Penelope, daughter of Lewis Atter-
bury, elder brother of Francis, the Jacobite
Bishop of Rochester, by his wife Penelope,
daughter of Sir Thomas Bedingfield, Kt.,
Lord Mayor of London in 1707. (See
Yardley, ' Brief Account of the Author
prefixed to Lewis Atterbury's Sermons,'
I. ix.) Was there any relationship ?
A. RHODES.
In Hilton Price's ' Handbook of London
Bankers,' p. 160, "Sweetaple, John, whose
name is recorded in the ' Little London
Directory ' of 1677 as keeping running-cashes
at the Black Moor's Head, in Lombard
Street, was one of the Sheriffs of London
in 1694"; later on we learn that "Sir
John Sweetaple, Benjamin Hodgkins, and
Richard Harris were bankrupts." Coleman's
Catalogue No. 3, 1911, p. 19, has a deed
" Andover Mutual Insurance Society," dated
1801, wherein the name of William Sweet-
apple appears. R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
"OWNS": "BLITHERING" (11 S. iii.
148). — " Blood and owns " is another form
of the old oath "zounds," i.e., God's
wounds. Hotspur says to the Messenger
(' 1 Hen. IV.,' IV. i.) : " 'Zounds ! how has
he the leisure to be sick in such a justling
time ? " It was a common Tudor ex-
pression, particularly used by one of the
favourites of Edward VI., Sir John Perrot.
But it is remarkable that, like many
ether oaths and " swear-words," of the
meaning and origin of which those who use
them are utterly ignorant, " zounds "
survives in tne provincial dialects of to-day.
Variations of it, in use in almost every county
in England, are zuns, zouns, zookers, zowkers,
zooks, zowks. The ' E.D.D.,' however, does
not, I think, give " owns." " Godsookers "
or " -sokers " is another form. In 'The
Rehearsal,' by George Villiers, Duke of
Buckingham (III. ii.), the line occurs, " God-
sookers, you'll spoil all my play " ; and in
Shadwell's ' Squire of Alsatia,' which was
first acted about seventeen years later,
occurs " Godsookers, cousin ! I always
thought they had been wittiest in the
universities."
For "Blithering" see ' N. & Q.,' 9 S.
x. 507 ; xi. 335, 490, s.v. " Bletheram-
skite." J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
"Blood and owns," usually written
" 'Sblood and zounds," were common oaths
at a time when profanity was more preva-
lent, and was tolerated in all society. The
words mean respectively " God's blood n
and " God's wounds."
214
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MA*, is, wn.
Both words frequently occur in Shake-
speare's plays (Quarto and Folio editions),
but in the later editions have been expur-
gated and other expressions substituted as
being less offensive. See Schmidt's ' Lexi-
con ' under " 'Sblood," " Gogs-wouns,"
" Swounds," " Zounds."
" Blithering 5i is a common form of the
Scotch word " blether," to talk idly or
nonsensically, which appears in any good
English • dictionary. See Burns's ' Tarn
o' Shanter,' 20 : " A bletherin', blusterin',
drunken blellum." F. W. BAXTER.
" Blithering" is a very usual adjective in
Ireland, usually joined with idiot, fool,
and ass. The derivation is from "to
blither " (blaterare), to talk -nonsense (the
Scotch form, I think, is blethner). The
question, however, mainly is What do the
people who use the word think it means ?
The usual answer given is that it simply
magnifies the unpleasant idea in idiot or
fool, i.e., makes the sense to be an idiot or
fool in the highest degree. Some users
answer that they think it a form of ' 'blighter, ' '
and others of " blister," but careful cross-
examination brings out the fact that, after
all, they use the word simply to magnify
the unpleasant idea in the noun it is joined
with. D. M.
The lads I knew had a sort of pet expression
when something unusual happened in the
course of their playing. It was ' ' my oowns 1 "
the o's drawn out in a wondering tone.
A lad who^ made a deal to do about a little
matter, particularly if he " roared " over it,
was called " a gret big blitherin,' bletherin'
bull ! There was nothing beyond this
in the way of sarcastic railing." Crying
children and complaining kine in expressing
their misery " blether over it."
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
[C. T. also thanked for reply.]
' A VOICE FROM THE BUSH ' (11 S. iii. 48,
114). — At the latter reference MB. SCOTT
ascribes these well-known verses to Mr.
Douglas B. W. Sladen. As the authorship
'is much debated, I should be obliged if MR.
SCOTT would state where Mr. Sladen first
published them, under what title, and
in what circumstances. C. W.
In reply to the editorial note, I can only
amplify what I stated at p. 115. My
reference to the first edition of ' Australian
Ballads and Rhymes ' in " The Canterbury
Poets " was quite correct. The author-
ship of ' A Voice from the Bush ' is there
attributed to Mr. Douglas B. W. Sladen in
the Table of Contents, p. vii. According
to the arrangement of the Contents in my
copy, the author's name in capital letters
comes first. Then follows the title of the
poem in ordinary type ; and then, in italics,
the source from which the poem is taken.
The first poet named in the Contents (after
the dedication) is " Douglas B. W. Sladen |
A Voice from the Bush. Temple Bar."
Perhaps it may be well to transcribe Mr.
Sladen's note on the poem (p. 265) : —
" ' A Voice from the Bush ' (p. 1). — This poem
has hitherto been printed among, the works of
Adam Lindsay Gordon, but its real authorship is
well known among the students of Australian
literature, and though the author wishes his
name not to appear, he has revised the proofs
of it for us, so that the world now for the first
time has the correct version of the poem."
W. SCOTT.
' A Voice from the Bush ' must have been
known long before 1873, when it was pub-
lished in The Temple Bar Magazine. It was
given to me in MS. in 1864 or 1865. This
may be of interest. ETHEL R. S. BOYS.
Dower Cottage, Bulkeley,
near Alexandria, Egypt.
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHRISTIAN .NAME (11 S. ii. 328, 374, 394,
437, 534 ; iii. 92, 173).— The Earls of Essex
of the Devereux family (1572-1645) appear
to be responsible for the frequent occurrence
of the name of " Essex " since that period.
Penelope, daughter of the 1st Earl, and sister
of the well-known Earl, married Robert,,
Lord Rich, afterwards Earl of Warwick.
Lady Essex Rich, their daughter, married in
1625 Thomas Cheeke of Pirgo, and had
issue (see Morant's ' Essex,' vol. i. p. 67)
Essex Cheeke, who married in 1642 Edward
(Montagu), 2nd Earl of Manchester. Ann
Cheeke, sister of the said Essex Cheeke,
married her cousin Robert (Rich), 3rd
Earl of Warwick, and had issue Lady Essex
Rich, who married Daniel (Finch), Earl of
Winchilsea and Nottingham. Frances
Cheeke, another sister of the said Essex
Cheeke, married Sir Thomas Lake of Canons
above named, and had a daughter Essex
Lake (bapt. 20 Aug., 1638, at Whitchurch),
who married Sir Thomas Drax. Col.
Thomas Cheeke, brother of the three ladies
above mentioned, had a daughter Essex
Cheeke, who died without issue. Lady
Essex Howard (great-grandmother of the
4th Lord Howard de Walden, 1st Baron
Braybrooke) was daughter and coheir of
James (Howard), 3rd Earl of Suffolk, Lord
Howard de Walden, by Susan, daughter of
n s. m. MAR. is, 1911. NOTES AND QUERIES.
215
Henry (Rich), 1st Earl of Holland, who was
younger son of Robert, Lord Rich (after-
wards Earl of Warwick), by Lady Penelope
Devereux, daughter of the 1st Earl, all three
above named.
The Christian name of Essex appears less
frequently among the male sex. Robert
(Devereux), 3rd and last Earl of Essex oi
that race, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
William Paulet (a natural son of William,
3rd Marquess of Winchester), which possibly
may account for the Essex Pawlet men-
tioned ante, p. 92. In the county oi
Pembroke, however, it occurs in several
instances, e.g., Essex Bowen ; Essex Meyrick
of Bush (died 1762) ; Essex Adams, who
came up thence to London and was admitted
an attorney in 1730, &c. G. E. C.
MANSEL FAMILY (11 S. ii. 269, 6-33; iii.
151). — Perhaps I may be permitted to refer
to a short sketch which I gave of the cele-
brated John Maunsell in, his capacity of
Prebendary of Tottenhall in St. Pancras
Notes and Queries, p. 173 (originally published
in The St. Pancras Guardian for 6 Dec., 1901).
John Maunsell was perhaps the greatest
pluralist the Church in England has ever
known, and, according to Matthew Paris,
he died reputed ' ' the richest man in the
world." W. F. PRIDEAUX.
THOMAS JAMES THACKERAY (US. iii. 28,
132). — This author was related to the great
novelist, the latter's grandfather William
Makepeace Thackeray being a younger
brother of the former's grandfather Thomas
Thackeray. T. J. Thackeray was born 5 Sep-
tember, 1796, being the eldest son of
Thomas Thackeray of Bath by his first wife
Frances, daughter of the Rev. Henry Ward
of Stevenage, Herts. He was educated at
Eton and St. John's Coll., Cambridge,
graduating M.B. in 1820. He was captain in
the 2nd Somerset Militia, 10 January, 1842,
to 11 August, 1855. His four books are
entitled ' On Theatrical Emancipation and
the Rights of Dramatic Authors,' 1832 ;
' Three Lectures on the Practice of Rifle
Firing at Various Distances,' 1853; 'The
Soldier's Manual of Rifle Firing at Various
Distances,' 1854, 2nd ed. 1858, 3rd ed. 1861;
* The Military Organization and Adminis-
tration of France,' 2 vols., 1856. He also
wrote with Charles Shannon * My Wife
or my Place,' 1831. The date of his death
is not in the long Thackeray pedigree in
A. P. Burke's ' Family Records,' 1897, nor
is it in Gent. Mag., 1851-68.
FREDERIC BOASE.
BAPTISMAL SCARF : THE FITZWILLIAMS
AND WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR (11 S. iii. 165).
— As the legend of the Fitzwilliam scarf
has been introduced into the pages of
' N. & Q.,' it may be well to put on record
the following letters.
In The Daily Express of 15 February, Mr.
Uniacke wrote : —
.... I trust you will allow me to call attention
to the recent resuscitation of the romantic but
utterly baseless fiction of the " Fitzwilliam
scarf," which is said to have been " wound round
the arm of William the Conqueror, and when
one of his captains, a Fitzwilliam, was laying
around him mightily on Hastings beach, the Con-
queror whipped the scarf from his arm and gave it
to the warrior as a memento of the day."
Now, it has been proved on indisputable evi-
dence that the earliest authentic ancestor of the
Fitzwilliams was a certain William FitzGodric,
who married Albreda de Lisoures about 1170,
and is mentioned on the Pipe Roll of that year.
The earlier generations are purely mythical,
and their place, even in the pages of Burke and
Lodge, knows them no more.
The following passage from Professor Freeman's
celebrated article on ' Pedigrees and Pedigree
Makers ' (Contemporary Review, 1877) ought
surely to have demolished this absurd fabrica-
tion once and for all : —
" It is perhaps needless to say that all this is
a pure fable ; but one really stands aghast at the
utterly shameless nature of the fable. Sir William
Fitzwilliam is supposed to be an English Ambassa-
dor at the Court of Normandy. The inventor of
the fable had so little knowledge as not to see
that the Sir, the first William, the Fitz, and the
second William, was each of them by itself as much
proof as could be needed that a man, of whose
name they formed part, could not have been an
Englishman of the days of Edward the Con-
fessor.... As for the scarf from William's own
arm, we need hardly look in the Bayeux tapestry
to prove that the Duke, who knew so well how to
wield his mace of iron, did not cumber his arm
with any frippery of scarves on the day of the great
battle When one is inventing falsehoods
about a family, it is as easy to invent falsehoods
to its credit as falsehoods to its dishonour. WTho-
ever invented the pedigree of Earl Fitzwilliam was
of another way of thinking. He had the strange
fancy of wishing to be descended from a traitor."
R. G. FITZGERALD UNIACKE, F.R.S.A.
Upminster.
To this Mr. Fox-Davies replied in The
Daily Express of 16 February : —
There is too great a disposition at the present
day to class as an utter imposture anything for
which contemporary proof cannot be produced.
The story of the gift of the scarf at the battle
of Hastings is probably rubbish ; there are scores
of such inventions, all probably originating in
Elizabethan days.
But the dominating point of the tradition is the
connection of the scarf with William the Con-
queror. From the photographs I have seen of it
[ am rather inclined to suggest that the so-called
scarf may be really the remains of the armilla
or stole worn by King William at his coronation.
216
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. MAR. is, 1911.
There is good reason to believe that the cere-
mony of a coronation is in all essentials much
as it was in the reign of Edward the Confessor, and
the abbot and monks of Westminster, by the
authority of the foundation charter of Edward
the Confessor, had charge of the regalia and
coronation robes. Therefore, the armilla used at
the coronation of the Conqueror would pass into
the custody of the Abbey, and was no doubt
preserved as a relic identified with the name of
William I.
If it had been a Fitzwilliam heirloom in the
possession of the family from any period approxi-
mate to the Conquest, the scarf would have been
at Sprotborough, and would have devolved upon
the Copleys, and one must look to the period of the
City Alderman, Sir William FitzW7illiam, for an
opportunity to acquire the scarf from ecclesiastical
custody.
Is that opportunity to be found in the fact that
the alderman was at one time in the train of
Cardinal Wolsey, and gave his former master
shelter and succour at Milton in the day of his
disgrace ? Or is it to be found in the relation-
ship of the Fitzwilliams to the house of Cromwell ?
At any rate, Sir William was establishing his
house at a period when, by the suppression of the
monasteries, many of the treasures in the custody
of the religious houses were being distributed, and,
granted the acquisition of a garment identified
with the Conqueror, one has the essential fact
upon which has been embroidered the fantastic
legend recently revived.
A. C. FOX-DAVTES.
Old Buildings, Lincoln's Inn, W.C.
CHABLES DBUBY.
More than thirty years ago Prof. Freeman
attacked the Fitzwilliam scarf and pedigree
in his * Pedigrees and Pedigree Makers '
(Contemporary Review, xxx. 11-41), a
fierce onslaught on the books for which the
late Sir Bernard Burke was responsible.
In consequence of Freeman's exposure, a
new version of the early pedigree was patched
up, and this in turn was exposed by Dr.
Round in 1901 (' Studies in Peerage and
Family History,' pp. 46-50). But the legend
of the scarf continued to nourish, and was
sarcastically dealt with in The Ancestor
by the editor (Mr. Oswald Barron) on three
occasions (i. 237-8 ; xi. 174-5 ; xii. 112-13).
Mr. Barron attributed the scarf legend to the
Elizabethan period ; perhaps an examina-
tion of the relic by an expert might throw
light on the date.
It is curious that the Fitzwilliams should
cling to this absurd fable, as they have the
sufficiently rare distinction of a genuine
male descent from the twelfth century. Their
founder, William Fitz Godric (of whose
father Godric nothing is known), married the
daughter and heiress of Robert de Lizours
(or Lisoures), Lord of Sprotborough, about
1170 (Round, op. tit.). This lady, Aubreye
Lat. Albreda), also obtained the great
nheritance of her stepbrother, Robert de
"jacy, Lord of Pomfret, which passed to her
descendants by her first husband, Richard
?itz Eustace, Baron of Halton ; whilst the
izours estates (Sprotborough, &c.) de-
volved on her son by her second husband,
lliam Fitz Godric, and his descendants the
?itzwilliams (Ancestor, xii. 111-17).
G. H. WHITE.
St. Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
[MR. F. TURNER also thanked for reply.]
PAWPEB OB PAUPEB BIBD (li S. iii. 89).—
The earliest mention of this bird, as far as I
nave been able to trace it, occurs in the
Egerton MS. 1995 (fifteenth century) in the
Brit. Mus. In the list of the carver's terms
therein ^ given there occurs the expression
" Papyr ys lowryde," and for a long time
it seemed impossible to find a meaning for
this. In the Harl. MS. 279, fo. 48d. (also
15th cent.), in the menu for " A Ryal ffest in
]>e ffeste at |>e weddyng of ]>e Erie of
Deuynchire," in " Le iij. cours " the word
Poper " is mentioned next to " Mawlard
de la Ryuer."
The next mention that I found was in "An
Acte for preservacon of Grayne," cap. 15,
8 Eliz. (1566), wherein it states, § iv. :—
" That this Acte or any Braunche therein •
contayned shall not in any wise extende to give
any Liberty e or Aucthoritie to any person or
persons to use or exercise any meane or Engyn for
the destruccion of Crowes or Rookes Chawghes
or other the Vermyn aforesaid in any place or
places to the Disturbance Lett or Destruccyon
of the building or breeding of any kynde of Hawkes
Plerons Egryttes Paupers Swannes or Shovelers,"
&c.
From this it is clear that the bird was a
wild one, and not domesticated. In all
probability it was the wild goose. The
Italian name for a goose or a gosling, accord-
ing to Torriano (1659 ed. of Florio), is
Pdpero, and that it may be the wild goose
is confirmed by the mention of it in the Harl.
MS. next to the "Mawlard de la Ryuer,"
which was the wild duck.
The word is supposed to be an onomato-
poeion, and Diefenbach compare? it with the
N.Gk. Trairia, a duck. Wackernagel (' Voces
Variae Animantium,' Basel, 1869) quotes
from Bekker's ed. of ' Julii Pollucis Ono-
masticon ' Trainrdfciv as the name for the
noise of the goose. Brockett (' Glossary,'
1829) gives " Pawp, to walk in an awkward
clumsy manner, " which is eminently descrip-
tive of the goose's mode of progression.
I collected this information for a
further contribution on ' Proper Terms ' to
ii s. m. MAR. is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
217
be shortly laid before the Philological
Society, and as I have not come across the
word elsewhere, or in any dictionary, it may
perhaps be of some little interest, which must
be my excuse for entering into it so fully.
JOHN HODGKIN.
' The Encyclopaedic Diet ' has " Pawper,
a bird like a swan, etymology doubtful,"
and refers to Harrison's ' England,' p. 223.
TOM JONES.
WILLIAM MEABS, BELLFOUNDEB 1626
(11 S. ii. 445 ; iii. 75). — I have never
before seen the name of William Hears,
bel If ounder of Nottingham, mentioned ; he
may possibly have been an ancestor of
William Mears of Whitechapel, but few facts
of the letter's early life are forthcoming to
throw any light on the matter. The earliest
mention of William Mears in connexion
with the Whitechapel Bell Foundry was in
1762. In that year Messrs. Lester & Pack,
proprietors of that foundry, were com-
missioned to recast the big bell at Canter-
bury Cathedral. It being found more con-
venient to do the work at Canterbury,
William Chapman, their foreman, and
nephew to Lester, was sent down to complete
the work. While engaged in this business
he noticed among the bystanders a young
man who appeared to take great interest
in the proceedings. He got into conversa-
tion with him, asked him several questions,
and eventually offered to take him back to
London and teach him to be a bellfounder.
The offer was accepted, and thus William
Mears began his connexion with the White-
chapel Foundry, and the name through
several generations of bellfounders has
become quite famous. Is it not possible that
he may have been a native of Canterbury
or of some place near there ? If some one
living in that part could obtain access to the
registers, possibly further particulars might
be forthcoming. L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
ABNOLFINI FAMILY (11 S. iii. 147). — MB.
MAUBICE BBOCKWELL quotes a tablet to the
memory of a member (1723-82) of the
Arnolfini family on the walls of their palace
in the Via del Duomo at Lucca. I cannot
just now complete the inscription as he
desires ; but on my last visit (1906) to
Lucca I went to the old palace (which is now
converted into an hotel) especially to see its
bedchamber No. 11, still held sacred, and
duly recognized by the present proprietors
(Nieri Brothers) as that occupied by Ruskin
in 1882.
That portion of the Hotel Universo is
Beautifully decorated with wall-paintings
and elaborate arabeschi in rilievo of the
ifteenth century, w7hich doubtless endeared
t to the great English writer on Italian art.
There are two or three rooms en suite which
were chosen by him on his first memorable
stay in 1845 at Lucca, "when his artistic
pilgrimage to Italy really began, and his first
impressions were almost overwhelming."
Tradition wrongly assigns this palace to the
Lucca Pope Lucio (Terzo), whose family name
was Allucingoli, and not Arnolfini, as my
informant erroneously supposed. This
Lucio III. was second in succession to the
English Pope Hadrian IV. in the twelfth
century.
Any native of Lucca should be ready to
afford knowledge of Giovanni Attilio Arnol-
fini, even if it is impossible to fix his descent
from Jan Arnolfini painted by Van Eyck.
WILLIAM MEBCEB.
JEAN VOLE'S ' LES ABBIVANTS ' (11 S. iii.
148, 178). — -The chemin or passage of signifi-
cation kindly suggested by M. P. from a
"narrow carpet. .. .from one door to
another " to the " narrow ornamental cloth
laid along the middle of a dinner-table "
seems dark, difficult, and dangerous. Can
M. P. adduce for it any authority other than
his own construing in the case of Jean
Vole ? J. M.
Chemin de table is the French equivalent
for " table centre " ; that is to say, a strip
of embroidery embellishing the middle of a
tablecloth. It may be simply laid on the
surface, or it may be worked in the tissue.
In the latter case it would be a chemin de
table ouvrage. G. M. H. P.
LITANY : SPITTING AND STAMPING THE
FEET (11 S. iii. 148). — In this parish there is
a traditional custom amongst the boys of
" spitting their death " to confirm a promise.
This is done by crossing the forefingers, look-
ing earnestly at them while repeating the
promise, and then spitting upon the ground.
A boy who breaks this solemn asseveration
is regarded as unworthy of any confidence.
The meaning of the custom is forgotten, but
I have no doubt it is & survival of swearing
upon the holy cross. FBANK E. COOPE.
Thurlestone Rectory, Kingsbridge, Devon.
Spitting " for luck " is still practised in
countless ways ; for instance, on money
received or found ; on a piece of coal ;
through a ladder ; on a horseshoe ; for a
bad smell ; on a finger, and touching the
218
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. HI. MAR. is, wn.
toes of the boots when a black-and-white
horse is espied ; on marbles or buttons
whilst playing games with them, &c. A
Russian gentleman tells me that the spitting
" for luck " on money obtains in his country.
Your correspondent, as an Oxford man,
might be interested in visiting the first mile-
stone out of Oxford to be found on a bridge
in Botley Road, where (25 years ago) boys
on a country ramble would stop and recite,
Oxford one, Witney ten [ = miles] ;
Give me good luck till I come agen."
Possibly this is still practised.
J. JACOBS.
149, Edgware Road.
My brother, who was for some years in
Riga and Libau, tells me that in Russia
it is believed that a priest always drives the
devil in front of him. It is the custom, on
meeting a priest, to spit just in front of him,
where the devil is supposed to be running
away. JESSIE H. HAYLLAB.
19, Highdown Road, Hove.
Spitting to avert the evil eye is a common
custom in Italy, where at the same moment
it is usual to form the index and little fingers
into prongs (doubling the other fingers under
the hand and pressing them down with the
thumb) and point them at the individual.
OXONIAN.
[Much on the "evil eye " has already appeared in
' N. & Q.' See recent General Indexes.]
THOMAS MOBKIS- JONES (11 S. iii. 148) was
born 22 November, 1720. He married,
7 June, 1740, in Dublin, Elizabeth, daughter
of Robert Cope of Loughgall, co. Armagh,
M.P. for the City of Armagh, by his second
wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William
Fownes, Bt. He died 12 December, 1769.
I should be glad if G. F. R. B. would write
to me, as I could give further information.
R. R. G. CBOOKSHANK, Major.
Sloperton, Kingstown, co. Dublin.
MOTHEB'S MAIDEN NAME AS CHILDBEN'S
SUBNAME (11 S. iii. 107,. 154). — MB.
RHODES' s surmise is correct. The mother of
Robert Browne Lillie (or Lilly), baptized at
Mexborough, Yorks, 18 January, 1592, was
Beatrice, daughter and heir of Richard
Browne of Swinton, co. York, Esq. (Chan.
B. & A., Charles I. B. 1/57).
GEOBGE SHEBWOOD.
In a baptismal register Robert Browne,
son of John Lillie, would be Robert Browne
Lillie, in the same way as in marriage
announcements Alfred Wintle, son of James
Johnston, would be none other than myself.
I am not aware of baptismal registers
recording other than the Christian or baptis-
mal names, the surname being ascertained
from that of the duly recorded name of the
parent.
In patronymics, I know of only one
instance in Orkney where a man was called
after his mother, viz., the last of the vikings,
Sveinn son of Olaf and Asleif, known first
as Sveinn Olafsson, and latterly as Sveinn
Asleif arson.
ALFBED WINTLE JOHNSTON.
29, Ashburnham Mansions, Chelsea.
WILLIAM PITT'S LETTEB ON SUPEBSTITION
(11 S. iii. 107). — Living at a distance from
any public library where old books and
magazines such as one requires are accessible,
but having at the same time a strong im-
pression that the questions concerning Pitt
were discussed during the early decades of
last century, I venture to attempt a reply
to this query, founded to some extent on
conjecture and recollection. I will take
seriatim the points raised.
1. It is inquired, What authority is there
for attributing the Letter on Superstition
to W. Pitt'?
The fact that Pitt was in England at the
time the letter is supposed to have been
written is, I believe, the only authority for
the attribution. This, of course, is no
authority at all. After leaving Oxford
without taking a degree, Pitt travelled
abroad on account of his health, and re-
turned to England in 1731. He was
appointed to a cornetcy in the Blues, and
continued in the Army until he entered on a
political career in 1735. Is it likely that
while acting in a military capacity he
could have found time to cultivate literature?
Pitt, it must be remembered, never showed
any leaning towards a literary life. Great
orator and statesman though he was, he
never displayed any conspicuous brilliancy
in the use of the pen. By Wilkes he was
termed the worst letter-writer of the age ;
and although Sir George Trevelyan's milder
judgment of his correspondence is probably
correct, the fact remains that he never
betrayed any consuming desire to rush into
print. No doubt the authorship of the
Letters of Junius ' has been attributed to
him, but the attribution is rejected by most
competent critics.
2. The second question is, Does any copy
of The London Journal for 1733 contain the
Letter on Superstition ?
ii s. in. MAR. is, 1911.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
219
Such a letter, I have reason to believe, did
appear in The London Journal, but it came
out two years earlier than the date men-
tioned, that is, in 1731, not 1733. It was
one of a series of letters, afterwards pub-
lished under the general title 'Letters as
printed in The London Journal on Various
Political and other Subjects.' The date of
publication of the collection was 1731.
3. The last question is, Was any Letter on
Superstition in The London Journal signed
by Pitt ?
Decidedly not, I think. The Letter on
Superstition was, I understand, signed
" Atticus." And this brings me back to
my vague recollections. To the best of my
belief a question something like " Was Pitt
the author of the Letters of Atticus ? " was
discussed in literary circles some time
during the last century. The answer given in
most quarters was, I think, a decided nega-
tive. It may be recalled ^in this connexion
that Almon the publisher issued in 1769 'A
Collection of the Letters of Atticus, Lucius,
Junius, and others ; with Observations and
Notes.' No certainty as regards any of these
anonymous writers has ever been arrived at ;
and it is as unlikely that Pitt was the author
of the ' Letters of Atticus ' as that he wrote
the ' Letters of Junius.' W. SCOTT.
The Complete Poems of Emily Bronle. Edited by
Clement Shorter. With Introductory Essay
by W. Robertson Nicoll. (Hodder & Stough-
ton.)
The Athenceum of the 4th of July, 1846, in a
short notice of the little volume ' Poems by
Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell,' places Ellis
(Emily Bronte) first ; next Currer ; and lastly
Acton. Of Ellis the critic writes : "A fine
quaint spirit with an evident power of irony that
may reach heights not here attempted."
Mr. Clement Shorter in his biographical note
quotes Currer Bell's letter in which she states
that " in the space of a year our publisher has
disposed of but two copies," and with good-
natured humour adds, " By what painful efforts
he succeeded in getting rid of these two, himself
only knows." Mr. Shorter well remarks : " It is
a curious irony of circumstance that this little
volume which so failed of recognition when that
would have heartened its authors beyond
measure, now sells, on the rare occasions that
it turns up in the sale-rooms, for more money
than the whole issue cost." The amount paid by
" Charlotte Bronte and her sisters, when they had
it published at their own expense," was 311. 10s.
Mr. Shorter once told us that he is the happy
possessor of this rare volume with the Aylott &
Jones imprint.
In the little volume there were twenty-two of
Emily Bronte's poems ; in the posthumous
poems that Charlotte Bronte printed after
Emily's death there were another seventeen and,
thanks to the industry of Mr. Clement Shorter,
no fewer than one hundred and thirty-eight
additional poems are included in this new volume.
The introductory essay by Sir W. Robertson
Nicoll is of value, as he gives a brief chrono-
logical account of her thirty years ; and as Mr.
Shorter has, where possible, dated the poems,
one is able to trace the influence under which they
were written. He states that : " We now see the
extraordinary conditions under which this woman
of genius did her work. Outside her own circle
she had not a single friend. She never had a
lover or any one who came near to be her lover.
She was never outside of Yorkshire save during
the Brussels experience, where she paid so dearly
for the education which she hoped to turn into
money. She had practically no acquaintances.
The only people in Haworth she talked to were
the servants and the visitors forced upon the home
by the brother. Yet she loved life and shrank
from death She did the work of a servant in
the house, apparently with the greatest cheerful-
ness and efficiency. In the exercise of her imagina-
tion and in her love of nature she found peace.
She refused to complain, and turned a front now
calm, now defiant, to the most threatening circum-
stances."
All these moods are shown in her poems — at
times full of bright cheerfulness, as when she asks
what is the
feeling of delight,
All vague and undefined ?
and she feels assured that it is because her
Redeemer lives, and that she shall " rise again to
immortality." But the mood all too frequently
becomes despondent, when the moon is
A dreary moon,
A dark October moon to me ;
and she feels that
No star will light my coming night,
No morn of hope for me will shine.
And she is " the foster-child of sore distress."
Hope has fled : —
Hope, whose whisper would have given
Balm to all my frenzied pain,
Stretched her wings, and soared to heaven —
Went, and ne'er returned again.
While the palm is given to Emily of the three
sisters, yet, as Mr. Birrell mentions in his life of
Charlotte Bronte (pp. 92-3), Anne Bronte's
last composition,
I hoped that with the brave and strong,
" has found its way into popular hymnbooks,
and is perhaps at this moment the widest-known
work of the three sisters " ; and he quotes in full
Anne's poem,
O God, if this indeed be all
That life can show to me.
As is evident in her verses to Cowper, whose poems
she read " o'er and o'er again," the despon-
dency of the poet exercised great influence upon
her sisters ; and added to this was the
gloom which over-shadowed their lives.
Sir Robertson Nicoll asks : " What would
Emily have been if life had been kind ? " and
gives Charlotte's answer to be found in ' Shirley ' :
" Shirley Keeldar was, Charlotte Bronte said,
what Emily might have been had she been blessed
in health and prosperity."
220
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. is, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — MARCH.
MR. LI C. BRAUN'S Catalogue 68 is devoted to
Topographical Books and Engraved Views of Old
London. We find many well-known places —
The Strand, Fleet Street, Covent Garden, Enfield,
Hackney, Hammersmith, Chelsea, Kew Gardens,
&c. — and a number of engraved portraits.
Mr. Braun's Catalogue 69 contains, under Art
and Illustrated Books, ' Artists at Home,' photo-
graphed by MayaH, with notices by F. G. Stephens,
Is. 6d. ; 'Catalogue of T. and J. Bewick's Works,'
2 vols., large paper, 18s. Qd. ; Sainsbury's ' His-
tory of France,' 4to, 1845, 11. 10s. ; and Uzanne's
' La Franchise du Siecle,' blue morocco, 21. There
is a list under Classics. ' Cranford,' illustrations
by Thomson, morocco, uncut, is 15s. ; and
Bvron's Works, with Life by Moore, 17 vols.,
half-calf, 3L A copy of ' The Greville Memoirs,'
5 vols is 21. In the Addenda are the first edition
of ' Bleak House,' 7s. Qd. ; Pococke's ' Egypt,'
3 vols., folio, 1743-52, 11. 15s. ; Beranger, 3 vols.,
11. 10s. ; Dr. Johnson's Works, 16 vols., New
York 1903, 31. 3s. Lysons's ' Environs of Lon-
don,' 5 vols., 4to, half-calf, 1811, 21. 10s. ; and
Sainte-Beuve's ' Causeries du Lundi,' 15 vols.,
half-morocco, with Oscar Browning's ex-libris in
each volume, 21. 12s. Qd. ; under Marlborough
Gems is a series of beautiful reproductions in
Mr. Francis Edwards's Catalogue 307 contains,
among works under America, a complete set of the
original editions of Las Casas's treatises on Mexico,
the West Indies, and South and Central America,
gothic letter, 8 parts in 1 vol., small 4to, 1552-3,
red morocco extra by F. Bedford, 3SZ., and
Maudslay's ' Biologia Central! - Americana :
Arrhjpoloev ' plates, 16 vols., folio, and text,
16 v*ls?, 4to; 1889-1902, 24?. Works under
Art and Architecture include the Dictionary
issued by the Architectural Publications Society,
Masquellier's ' Florence,' Hamilton's ' Greek and
Roman Antiquities,' and Vitruvius. -There are
over a hundred items relating to Australasia.
A fine copy of the Vinegar Bible, Oxford, 1717,
is 11 Works under Bibliography include Dibdm s
« Decameron,' 3 vols., 1817, 10Z 16*. Works on
Birds include Godman's Petrels, 1910, 15L 15s.
The second edition of George Herbert s Country
Parson,' 1671, is 21. 10s. Under Wagenar is
' The Mariners Mirrour,' with engraved title and
39 charts (including the movable compass),
coloured by De Bry and others, folio (the lower
corner of title-page wanting, and only 39 plates
instead of 41), 25L In the Addenda of Standard
Historical Works is a complete set of The
Annual Register,' 1757-1907, 25Z.
Messrs. William George's Sons of Bristol send
their Catalogue 324, entitled Americana, which
should interest all Americans. Messrs. George
must have bestowed much pains in bringing to-
gether these eighteen hundred items relating to
America. We note a few. Almon's Parlia-
mentary Register, 35 vols., 1775-So, is 47. 4s.
This is a record of everything which passed in
Parliament bearing upon the state of the American j
Colonies. Andrews's ' History of the VVar, j
4 vols., 1785-6, is 3Z. 10s. ; Smith's Narrative j
of Andre,' 1808, 3Z. 10s. ; the first English edition
of the first American Prayer Book, 1785, 31. 15s. ;
Cartwright's ' Labrador,' 3 vols., royal 4to
1792, 31. 18s. ; Gordon's ' United States,' 4 vols.,
1788, 21. 2s. (in the list of subscribers occurs
George Washington) ; Heriot's ' Travels through
Canada,' 1807, 21. 10s. ; and Lewis and Clarke's
' Travels,' Longmans, 1814, 51. 5s. There is a
variety of maps, including Moll's. Among
engravings is a brilliant copper-plate of the
Declaration of Independence, with portraits of
all the signers, in maple and gold frame, 31. 15s.
Messrs. James Rimell & Son's Catalogue 224 is
a good miscellaneous list. We find Addison,
Tonson's editions, together 10 -vols., 1713-65,
4L 14s. Qd. Under JEsop is Dodsley's translation,
Baskerville, 1761, calf by Bedford, 31. 5s. ; and
under JEsop and Gay, Stockdale's editions of the
Fables, together 4 vols., new calf gilt, 1793,
12L 12s. Major's edition of ' The Complete
Angler.' large paper, proofs, 1824-5, 2 vols., is
4L 14s. Qd. Under Alpine is Laborde's ' Tableaux,'
400 fine views, 3 vols. in 5, royal folio, old French
calf, Paris, 1780, 91. A set of the Duke of Buck-
ingham's Memoirs, 10 vols., half-calf, 1853-61,
is 11. 10s. ; and the second edition of ' The
Anatomy of Melancholy,' 1624, 11. Is. Under
Children's Books is a rare collection, Ql. 16s. Qd.
Under Crime will be found the ' New Newgate
Calendar ' and a collection of tracts by Fielding
and others. There are first editions of Dickens.
The large-paper edition of Symonds's ' Wine,
Women, and Song,' one of fifty copies, is 31. 10s.
Under Tobacco is a collection of 155 engraved
tobacco papers previous to 1770, with figures of
Indians, ships, portraits, &c., mounted in a folio
volume, 35Z. It was made by Winston, manager
of the Haymarket Theatre, and comes from the
Beaufoy Collection.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
Jlottas 10
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor o.f 'Notes and Queries'" — Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
W. S. ("Bates's 'Maclise Portrait Gallery'").—
William Bates was for many years a valued contri-
butor to ' N. & Q.' He died in 1884, and an account
of him will be found at 6 S. x. 280, 304.
CORRIGENDA.— P. 186, col. 2, 1. 1, for "Wonds"
read Wends. P. 193, col. 2, 1. 2 from foot, for
" copyholders " read copyholder. P. 194, col. 1, 1.44,
for " chitdr-pdi " read chihdr-pai. P. 196, col. 2,
1. 41, for " Stiffie " read Stiffle
us. in. MAR. 25, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
221
LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH It, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 65.
NOTES : — Oxford India Paper: Oxford Bibles, 221 —
Statues and Memorials in the British Isles, 222— Inscrip-
tions in the Protestant Cathedral, Gibraltar, 224— Stage
History : Wilson Barrett-' The Middleman,' 1856, 225—
"Probability is the very guide of life"— Deville— " Fur-
lough "— J. B. Lowell: "Fondness for "—Marriage of
Divorced Persons temp. Elizabeth — Judgments on
Impiety, 226.
OUERIES :— The Old Squires of England— Richard Rolle :
'The Prick of Conscience'— John Thane, Print-Seller—
Junius and the Duke of Bedford— Rev. Mr. Garrard—
Bp. Walker of Derry— Mrs. Siddons at Sandgate— Rev.
John Cowper of Penrith, 227— Custom House Cutters-
Charlotte Smith's 'St. Monica'— Old Poulter's Mare-
Authors of Quotations Wanted— Old Sword by Moore—
AviceCapell=John Warner— R. Bennett— Orde= Williams
—Rev. Dr. Hayman— Bp. William Grey— Clerks of the
Parliament, 228— "Mouner" — Sir W. Langstow — Poem
on Simon de Montfort— " Barnburner ": "Hunker"—
Passing of the Woodcut — James Grant of Bengal —
11 C " and " T " Interchanged, 229.
REPLIES :— Queen Elizabeth's Statue in the Royal
Exchange — Mozart's Works, 230 — Dickens : "Shalla-
balah " — " Gentleman " : " Armiger," 231 — Treherne :
Rimes to "Joy"— Capt. Cook Memorials, 232— Day
Family— " Siligo "—Authors Wanted— ' Casabianca,' 233
—"Die in beauty"— Scarborough Spa— " When she was
good " — Gordon = Arbuthnot — Montagu Drake, 234 —
St. Mark's, North Audley Street— "The Old Mogul"—
Ear-piercing — Royal Hospital, Chelsea — "Terra
susanna," 235— Shersons of Ellel Craig— Coroner of the
Verge— Hampshire Map—" To the West !" 236— Last Mail
Coach—' Big Ben '—Elephant in Heraldry, 237— Julia
Pastrana— Pyrrhus's Toe— Rev. H. M. Sherwood— Baron
de Stael— Sir W. Romney— Freeman— Cecil Howard, 238—
Queen's Regiment, 239.
NOTES ON BOOKS:— 'About Edwin Drood'— 'Dodsley's
Collection of Poetry'— 'The Book of Decorative
Furniture.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OXFORD INDIA PAPER:
OXFORD BIBLES.
ALTHOUGH from time to time accounts of
the history of the Oxford India paper have
appeared in various publications, including
The Publishers' Circular, The Book Monthly,
McC lure's Magazine, and others, yet no note
has appeared on the subject in ' N. & Q.'
To supply this want I have sought official
information from my friend Mr. Frowde.
The history of the discovery of this paper
is remarkable. In 1841 an Oxford graduate
brought home from China a small fold of
extremely thin paper, which was more
opaque and tough for its substance than
any paper then manufactured in Europe.
This specimen he presented to the Oxford
University Press. Thomas Combe, the
printer, found it to be just sufficient for
twenty-four copies of the smallest Bible then
in existence— diamond 24mo. He printed
that number, and they bore the date 1842.
Not one was sold, although 201. was offered
for a copy ; but they were presented to the
Queen and others. Combe failed to trace
the paper to its source. Among many
persons applied to was Mr. Gladstone, who
took much interest in the Oxford Press,
and on one occasion delivered an address
to the employees there. His reply is still
preserved, recommending a search in Japan.
From Japan papers were obtained, but
though equally thin and tough, they were
too transparent, and could not be printed
on both sides. Afterwards a paper was
produced at the mills of the Press, but it
was far too yellow.
Years passed ; outsiders had forgotten
about it, but Mr. Frowde had not, and to his
delight, early in 1874 Mr. Arthur E. Miles
(who was then a partner in Hamilton,
Adams & Co., and whose death was recorded
in The Publishers' Circular of the 6th of
November, 1909), knowing how keenly
Mr. Frowde appreciated the usefulness
of the paper, brought him a copy of the
Bible produced in 1842, which had by
accident fallen into his hands. Experiments
were at once set on foot at the University
Mills at Wolvercote. The first attempts
were failures, but success was at last secured,
and on the 24th of August, 1875, a facsimile
of the Bible as published in 1842 was pro-
duced, bearing the imprint of the Oxford
Press and also of Miles' s firm, Hamilton,
Adams & Co. This was the first Oxford
Bible published by Mr. Frowde, and the
demand was so great that a quarter of a
million copies were speedily sold. By good
fortune, I possess an early impression.
The process of making the paper is a
profound secret, and no employee is an touch
with more than one stage of the work ; and
a special ink has to be used. The strength
of the paper is remarkable, and at the last
Exhibition in Paris, in order to test this,
volumes of 1,500 pages were suspended
during the whole period of the Exhibition
by a single leaf. When the Exhibition
closed, the volumes were taken down and
examined. The leaf which had sustained
the weight, although as thin as tissue, had
not started ; the paper had not stretched ;
and the solid gilt edge of the volume when
closed revealed no mark to show where the
strain had been applied. This paper contri-
buted largely to the securing for the Claren-
don Press of the Grand Prix, in addition to
two out of the five gold medals awarded to
British printers and publishers. It may be
added that the Oxford Press obtained seven
222
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. M«. as, IML
Grands Prix at the Brussels International
Exhibition last year. One of these was for
Oxford India paper. Similar awards were
obtained at Paris in 1889, at the Franco-
British Exhibition in 1908, and at many
other exhibitions.
No more beautiful specimen of the advan-
tages of this paper has been shown than
the volume published by the Press con-
taining the Old and New Testaments, the
Apocrypha, and ' Helps to the Study of the
Bible.' Its size is 9J inches by 6| inches ;
it is 1J inches thick, and weighs in its
flexible morocco binding only 21b. 10 oz.
I have frequently shown friends the strength
of the paper by holding the book up by
a single leaf. Spurgeon wrote of it : —
" I rejoiced as one that findeth great spoil
when I received a copy of this Bible. The print
is like a pulpit Bible, and yet the book is, com-
paratively, so small that I thought it could only
be a portion of the Scriptures. Marvellously
thin and strong India paper is used, or the book
could not be got into the space. I feel personally
indebted to the University Press for producing
a volume which makes it a pleasure for failing
eyesight to rest upon the page."
Mr. Frowde has also given me some
interesting particulars as to the sale of Bibles
by the Clarendon Press. As regards " the
Family Bible in its old form, there is hardly
any demand for it now." He attributes
this to two reasons : —
" One is that in former days it was a record, of
the births and deaths of the members of a family,
and when compulsory registration came in, it was
no longer needed for that purpose. The other
reason is that the fashion of heavy bindings and
metal clasps is alien to the taste of the modern
person. The old-fashioned ^ illustrated Bible,
too, has almost passed away."
It is good to know that the small-type
Bibles so much in vogue years ago are
giving place to those with larger type.
Mr. Frowde says that
" the sale of the Revised Version has, for some
years past, been slowly, but steadily increasing.
In 1899 Convocation authorized its use in the
Church of England, leaving its adoption to the
discretion of the clergy ; and the Wesleyan and
other religious bodies have adopted it in a similar
way. Within the last few years we have prepared
special editions for the British and Foreign Bible
Society. All this," continues Mr. Frowde, " will
show you that there is a growing interest taken
in the Revised Version."
Mr. Frowde is not at liberty to state the
exact number of copies sold of the Revised
Version, but he tells me that " they do not
amount to a tenth of the number sold of the
Authorized Version." Last year was pub-
lished ' The Revised New Testament with
Fuller References,' representing the work
of two generations. This may be had on
Oxford India paper, and also, Mr. Frowde
tells me, " on our ordinary rag paper."
Of Mr. Frowde's own publications on
Oxford India paper, perhaps the most note-
worthy are the Oxford India-paper Dickens-
and Thackeray, each in 17 volumes. Dickens
is represented by 15,140 pp., weighing when
bound 9 Ib. 7 oz., with a shelf space of 14 J in.;
the corresponding edition on ordinary paper
(the " Fireside Edition ") contains the same
number of pages, but, split up into 22 volumes,
occupies 26 in. of shelf space and weighs
28 Ib. 9 oz. The Oxford Thackeray runs to
12,524 pp. On ordinary paper these 17
volumes of Thackeray take up 25| in. of
shelf space and weigh 25| Ib. On Oxford
India paper in a similar binding they take
up only 12| in. of shelf space and weigh but
9j Ib. ' The Oxford Book of English Verse,'
by Sir A. T. Quiller-Couch, shows also in
the thick and thin forms a remarkable differ-
ence, the thick weighing 1 Ib. 15 oz., and the
thin (same binding) 12 oz.
JOHN COLLINS FBANCIS.
STATUES AND MEMORIALS IN THE
BRITISH ISLES.
(See 10 S. xi. 441 : xii. 51, 114, 181, 401 ;
11 S. i. 282 ; ii. 42, 242, 381 ; iii. 22.)
STATESMEN AND POLITICIANS.
Barrow in Furness. — In front of the new
Town Hall is a bronze statue of Lord Fre-
derick Cavendish. It is the work of Mr.
Albert Bruce Joy, and was unveiled by the
late Earl Spencer in 1885. The statue is
10 ft. 6 in. high, and stands on a pedestal
of polished Aberdeen granite. I had the
privilege of seeing Mr. Bruce Joy at work
in his studio in 1884 at the plaster cast of
this statue and of the completed statue in
bronze before its removal to Barrow.
Liverpool. — In front of St. George's Hall
is a bronze statue of Lord Beaconsfield,
erected by public subscription in 1883.
It cost about 2,200 guineas, and was un-
veiled by Sir R. A. Cross (Lord Cross). The
sculptor was the late Mr. C. B. Birch, A.R.A.
The total height of the statue, which stands
on a pedestal of polished Peter head granite,,
is 23 feet.
In St. John's Gardens are statues of the
Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, born at Liver-
pool, 1809, died 1898 ; and Sir A. B. For-
ward, Bt., born 1836, died 1898.
us. m. MA». 25. mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
223
Birmingham. — In Victoria Square is a
statue of Sir Robert Peel, the work of Mr.
Peter Hollins of Birmingham. It cost about
2,OOOZ. On the front of the pedestal is
inscribed : —
PEEL
Publicly inaugurated.
on the 27th day of August A.T>. 1855.
John Palmer, Esquire, Mayor.
Close by is the statue of John Skirrow
Wright, M.P., unveiled by John Bright in
1883. The pedestal contains the folio-wing
lines : —
John Skirrow Wright.
Born February 2nd 1822 Died April 15th 1880.
In memory of the simplicity,
kindliness, and integrity of his'life,
and of his unselfish, untiring, and patriotic
devotion as a public man,
this monument is erected by the united gifts
of all classes in the town he loved
and for which he laboured .
June, 1883.
In the centre of Chamberlain Square
stands the fountain commemorating the
Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., in-
augurated in his presence in October, 1880.
It was designed by Mr. J. H. Chamberlain,
and is surmounted by an octagonal spire
65 feet high. In a niche in the centre
of the main structure is a medallion of Mr.
Chamberlain by Thos. Woolner, R.A. On
the back is the following inscription : —
This Memorial ,
is erected in gratitude
for public service
given to this town by
Joseph Chamberlain
who was elected
Town Councillor in November 1869
Mayor in November 1873
and resigned that office in June 1876
on being returned as one of the
representatives of the borough of
Birmingham in Parliament
and during whose Mayoralty
many great public works
were notably advanced
and mainly by whose ability and devotion
the gas and water undertakings
• were acquired for the town
to the great and lasting benefit
of the inhabitants.
At the junction of Stephenson Place and
New Street is a statue to Thomas Attwood,
" the Father of Political Unions." It was
sculptured by Mr. John Thomas, and in-
augurated 6 June, 1859. The cost was
about 1,OOOZ. On the pedestal is inscribed :
Thomas Attwood | Founder of | the Birmingham
| Political | Union.
Attwood died 6 March, 1856.
Northampton. — In the presence of a
crowd estimated at 20,000 people Mrs.
Bradlaugh-Bonner unveiled a statue to her
father, Mr. Charles Bradlaugh, M.P., in
Abington Square, on 25 June, 1894. Both
the statue and the pedestal on which it
stands are of terra-cotta. The work was
placed in the hands of Messrs. Doulton & Co.,
and the statue was modelled by Mr. George
Tinworth. Mr. Bradlaugh is represented
standing, bare-headed, as in the act of
speaking ; his left hand grasps a roll of paper
and his right hand is raised with a cha-
racteristic gesture. The front of the pedestal
is thus inscribed : — -
" Thorough."
Charles Bradlaugh,
Born Sept. 26, 1833,
Died Jany. 30, 1891.
M.P. for Northampton 1880-1891.
Four times elected to one
-Parliament in Vindication of
the Bights of Constituencies.
India, too, chose him her
Representative.
A sincere friend of the People,^,
his life was devoted to Progress,
Liberty and Justice/1!
On the sides of the pedestal have recently
been placed tablets containing the words
of the Bradlaugh song, associated with his
campaigns.
Exeter. — Here, standing on a granite base
is a white marble statue by Sir J. E. Boehm,
R.A., of the first Earl of Iddesleigh. It
was commenced during the Earl's lifetime,
and erected in 1887, shortly after his death.
It is inscribed : —
Stafford Henry Northcote
Earl of Iddesleigh
1818-1887.
In the Public Park, Northernhay, is a
white marble statue of Sir Thomas Dyke
Acland, Bt., the work of Edward Bowring
Stephens, A.R.A., a native of Exeter. It
stands on a polished granite pedestal, on the
front of which is inscribed
Thomas Dyke Acland
Prsesenti tibi matures largimur honores.
At the back is the following : —
Erected as a tribute of affectionate respect
for private worth and private integrity and in
testimony of admiration for the generous heart
and open hand which have been ever ready to
protect the weak to relieve the needy and to
succour the oppressed of whatever party race or
creed, A.D. 1861.
Sir T. Dyke Acland lived ten years after
the erection of his statue, his death taking
place in 1871.
In Bedford Circus, facing the High Street,
is a bronze statue (also by Stephens), on a
granite base, of the eleventh Earl of Devon,
known in the " West Countrie " as " the
224
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. HI. MA*. 25, 1911.
Good Earl." This was also erected during
the lifetime of the subject. On a bronze
panel in front of the pedestal is inscribed : —
William Reginald
llth Earl of Devon
A tribute of respect
and affection from
many friends.
A.D. 1880.
Carved in the granite on the back are the
following lines from Wordsworth : —
Who, not content that former worth stand fast,
Looks forward, persevering to the last.
From well to better, daily self-surpast.
Concerning the choice of these lines I am
allowed to make the following statement,
kindly furnished to me by the Right Hon.
G. W. E. Russell :—
" In 1880, the late Lord Fortescue wrote to my
father, Lord Charles Russell, for an inscription for
the Devon statue. His reason for writing to my
father was that the latter was a great Shake-
spearian, with a wonderful memory for the text.
Lord F. asked him if he could find in Shakespeare
anything suitable to a man still living, and quoted
the A eland inscription as a model. My father
could find nothing very apt, and referred to me.
I am not a very good Shakespearian, but im-
mediately suggested those three lines from
Wordsworth's ' Happy Warrior.' I remember
that Lord F. wrote back approving, especially as
Lord Devon was a Wordsworthian ; but till to-
day I never knew that the lines had actually been
inscribed."
In the Castle Yard is a marble statue of
the father of the above-mentioned Earl
Fortescue, Hugh, the second Earl, who
died 14 September, 1861. It was erected
in 1863, the sculptor being the above-
mentioned Edward Bowring Stephens.
Bristol. — Samuel Morley, who represented
Bristol in Parliament from 1868 to 1885. is
commemorated by a statue erected near the
Bridge. It is the work of Mr. J. Haward
Thomas, a native of Bristol, and sculptured
from a single block of white Carrara marble.
The statue is 8 feet high, and is placed on
a red granite pedestal 10 feet high. It
was unveiled by Sir Joseph Weston on
22 October, 1887.
In Colston Avenue a statue of Edmund
Burke, who represented Bristol in Parlia-
ment from 1774 to 1780, was unveiled by
Lord Rosebery on 30 October, 1894. It
was the gift of the late Lord Winterstoke
(then Sir W. H. Wills), the sculptor of this
also being Mr. J. Haward Thomas. On
the pedestal is inscribed the following
sentence from Burke' s last speech in
Bristol : —
I wish to be a member of Parliament, to have
my share in doing good and in resisting evil.
Ripon. — In the centre of the quadrangular
Market Place is an obelisk 90 feet in height.
It was erected in 1781 by John Aislabie,
Esq., sometime Chancellor of the Exchequer
and for sixty years representative in
Parliament of the borough of Ripon.
Mansfield. — In the Market - Place was
erected in 1850 a Gothic structure com-
memorative of Lord George Bentinck. It is
from designs by Sir George Gilbert Scott,
and contains the following inscription : —
To the memory of Lord George Frederick
Cavendish Bentinck second surviving son of
William Henry Cavendish Scott, 4th Duke of
Portland. He died the 21st of September 1848
in the 47th year of his age. His ardent patriotism
and uncompromising honesty were only equalled
by the persevering zeal and extraordinary talents
which called forth the grateful homage of those
who in erecting this memorial pay a heartfelt
tribute to exertions which prematurely brought
to the grave one who might long have lived the
pride of this his native country.
I shall be obliged to any one who will
kindly furnish particulars direct of the
following memorials : — Villiers, Wolver-
hampton; Lewis, Hereford ; Peel, Hudders-
field ; Grey, Newcastle ; Palmerston,
Southampton ; Wynn, Wynnstay ; Bright,
Rochdale ;• Gladstone, Blackburn ; the
Vivians, Swansea. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
(To be continued.)
INSCRIPTIONS IN THE PROTESTANT
CATHEDRAL, GIBRALTAR.
I MAY supplement my lists of inscriptions
in the Trafalgar Cemetery, Gibraltar
(11 S. i. 104, 165), and in the Sandpits
Cemetery there (US. ii. 423, 483), by the
inscriptions in the Protestant Cathedral : —
SOUTH WALL, BEGINNING AT THE EAST END.
1. Marcus Hill Bland, Esq., resident of this
city for 25 years, d. at Liverpool, 28 July, 1856,
a. 59.
2. The Venerable Edward John Barrow, D.D.,
F.R.S., Archdeacon and Civil Chaplain of Gib.,
d. at Honiton, Devon, 6 Aug., 1861, a. 76. Civil
Chaplain from 1835, Archd. from 1842.
3. Anne Theresa Elizabeth, w. of the Hon.
Sir James Cochrane, Chief Justice of Gib., b.
Feb. 16, 1806, d. Dec. 26, 1873 ; bur. at the Sand-
pits Cemetery.
4. General Sir George Don, G.C.B., G.C.H.,
G.C.M.M., Col. of the 3rd Begt., and Governor
of Scarborough Castle, after 60 years' service, d.
1 Jan., 1832, a. 76, having been entrusted by his
Sovereign through a series of 39 years with many
high commands. He was Lieut.-Governor of
Gib. for 17 years.
5. General Sir Lothian Nicholson, K.C.B., R.E.,
Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar,
n s. IIL MAR. 25, 1911. NOTES AN'D QUERIES.
225
March, 1891, to June, 1893, d. at Gib., 27 June,
1893, a. 66.
6. Harry D. M. Brent, Midshipman of H.M.S.
Monarch, "d. of typhoid fever, 1 Mar., 1887,
a. LH.
7. Archibald W. Campbell, Esq., Registrar of
the Vice-Admiralty Court of this city, d. 7 Feb.,
1866, after 24 hours' illness.
8. Frederick Solly Flood, of Slaney Lodge,
Wexford, 11 years Attorney-General of Gibraltar.
B. at 8, York Place, London, 7 Aug., 1801 ; d.
13 May, 1888. Erected by his sons and ds.
9. Jane, w. of Mr. Adam Weir, d. 5 Mar., 1869.
10. Edward Joscelyn Baumgartner, Esq.,
Barrister, for over 30 years at the Court House,
Gib., a. 84. (No date.) Erected by his sons and
ds.
11. Wm. John Arrowsmith, d. 5 May, 1877.
His w. Sophia, d. 7 Jan., 1904.
12. Capt. Geo. Browne, 1st Batt. 60th King's
Royal Rifle Corps, d. 10 Mar., 1832, a. 29.
NORTH WALL, BEGINNING AT THE WEST END.
13. Alfred Wm. Gregory King, Dep. Librarian,
Gib. Garrison Library, d. 2 May, 1880, a. 69.
Erected by the Committee in remembrance of
his long and valuable services of nearly 50 years.
14. Arthur Edward Phillipps, Commander
R.N., killed during the salving of H.M.S. Assis-
tance, Tetuan Bay, Oct. 21, 1905. Erected by
his brother officers of H.M.S. Victorious.
15. Win. Thornton, of Ashtead, Surrey,
merchant in this city for 60 years, d. 10 Feb.,
1869. His w. Mary, d. 2 Jan., 1866.
16. Frederick Roger Frankland, Midshipman,
H.M.S. Winchester, d. of a fever at Sierra Leone,
23 Jan., 1844, a. 20. Thomas Frankland, Lieut.
Madras X.I., and 2nd in command of the 2nd
Punjaub Regt., killed in action with the Sepoy
rebels whilst leading an assault at the relief of
Lucknow, 17 Nov., 1857, a. 29. Harry Albert
Frankland, Midshipman, H.M.S. Alarm, d. of
fever off Vera Cruz, 9 May, 1847, a. 17. All
sons of Sir Fred. Wm. Frankland, Bart., of Thickle-
by, York, late Capt. 20th Regt., and 14 years
Barrack Master in this Fortress.
17. Agnes Blair, d. 10 Aug., 1895. Erected by
her husb. Capt. S. Blair, R.A.
18. Wm. Boileau Charter, Lieut. R.N., d. at
Gib. while in command of H.M. Gunboat Grappler,
14 Dec., 1887, a. 36.
19. Alten A. W. Beamish, Lieut.-Col. R.E., d.
suddenly at Gib., 21 Mar., 1902, a. 60. Erected
by his wife.
20. M. S. | E. W. A. Drummond Hay | Stirpe
riobili Scotiae oriundi | qui postquam per XII.
annos | militaverat | Consulis et legati | apud
Regem Mauritania? | per XVI. annos | officio
functus est ubi demum propter nimios | in
Regni angustiis labores | morte immatura obiit |
Die 28 Februarii 1845 | ^Etatis sui 60 annos.
21. Lady Jane Houstoun, w. of Lieut. -General
Sir Wm. Houstoun, G.C.B., G.C.H., Lieut.-
(.ovornor of Gib., dau. of James, 7th Earl of
Lauderdale, d. June, 1833.
22. Lieut. Richard Hawkins Carlyon, R.A.,
4th s. of Colonel Carlyon, of Tregrehan, Corn.,
b. 12 Oct., 1825 ; d. at Gib., 27 Ap., 1845.
The above inscriptions were taken down in
March, 1910. G. S. PARRY, Lieut.-Col.
17, Ashley Mansions, S.W.
STAGE HISTORY AS SHE is WROTE : WIL-
sox BARRETT.— As no biography of Wilson
Barrett has ever been published, and as it
is intended to include an account of his
career in the supplementary issue of the
' D.N.B.,' it is vital that a misstatement
concerning him in Dibdin's ' Annals of the
Edinburgh Stage ' should now be corrected.
In his chapter on the Queen's Theatre
Dibdin, in dealing with the events of 1862,
says : —
" On March 31st was produced for the first time
in Edinburgh Edmund Falconer's sensational
drama ' Peep o' Day.' For this production
several special engagements were made, including
those of Miss Heath and W7ilson Barrett. This
piece proved a great success, and ran till April
23rd."
Here we have a palpable slip, for Wilson
Barrett did not make his debut on the stage
until more than a year later. The event took
place at Halifax.
Immediately before ' Peep o' Day ' was
played in Edinburgh the play had been pro-
duced in Glasgow with the same cast.
According to Walter Baynham's book on
the Glasgow stage, it was brought out there
on 3 March, 1862, with Miss Heath as Mary
Grace and Mr. J. Barrett (from the Princess's
and Lyceum Theatres) as the Irish priest.
Dibdin's slip evidently arose from know-
ledge of the fact that, at a slightly later
period, Wilson Barrett and Miss Heath
toured the provinces shortly after their
marriage. JAMES J. O'NEILL.
Dublin.
' THE MIDDLEMAN,' U.S. PLAY c. 1856. —
It is probably known by few, even of those
well acquainted with theatrical history,
that in the middle of the last century a play
was produced in the United States which
bore the title ' The Middleman.' It was
even brought to London by the two chief
actors in the piece (Mr. and Mrs. Barney
Williams — names scarcely remembered to-
day in their own country), and performed
before delighted audiences at the Adelphi
a full generation before ' The Middleman '
scored a lasting triumph at the Shaftesbury.
Under date of 27 September, 1856, Henry
Morley wrote in his Journal of this sporadic
play :—
" They [the American actors] have brought
with them a wretchedly bad piece, called ' The
Middleman,' which has been performed with
applause in America for several hundred nights,
and which is having a run in London, solely
because the new-comers act in it very cleverly, and
dance in it, to the unbounded delight of every
night's audience, an Irish jig."
226
NOTES AND QUERIES. tu s, m. MAR. 25, 1911.
Looking up the playbills for 1856, I found
that the full title of this three-act piece was
* Ireland as it is, or the Middleman.' It
was afterwards printed in French's " Stand-
ard Dramas " with the under- title omitted.
WATSON NICHOLSON.
Authors' Club, S.W.
" PROBABILITY is THE VERY GUIDE OF
LIFE." — Bishop Butler's famous dictum
is apparently derived from Cicero, 'De N. D.,'
i. 5, 12 :—
" Ex quo exstitit illud, multa esse probabilia,
quae quanquam non perciperentur, tamen, quia
visum quendam haberent insignem et inlustrem,
iis sapientis vita regeretur."
ALEX. LEEPER.
Trinity College, Melbourne University.
DEVILLE. — This further notice of him
<see 10 S. ix. 450 ; x. 91, 157) is worth
adding. On the death of Rowland Hill, the
great preacher of Surrey Chapel, 11 April,
1833, his biographer writes : —
" One of the most beautiful casts I ever saw
was taken by the well-known phrenologist Deville.
This beautiful bust [is] in possession of the
celebrated phrenologist, to whom it belongs." —
Sidney, ' Life of R. Hill,' 1834, p. 407.
Many interviews with Deville have been
described at 7 S. viii. 265, 375, 438, 493 ;
ix. 157. W. C. B.
" FURLOUGH." — It is interesting to note
that, although Farquhar, who had a special
claim to speak from personal experience,
used "furlow" in his 'Recruiting Officer' in
1707 as meaning military leave of absence,
the term apparently was not officially
accepted as an equivalent for many years
afterwards. In The Daily Advertiser for
6 May, 1731, for instance, it was announced
that
" an Order hasp ass 'd the Secretary at War's Office,
forbidding leave of Absence (commonly call'd
Furlows) to be granted to any of the private
Centinels in his Majesty's Three Regiments of
Foot-Guards, till after the General Review."
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
J. R. LOWELL :
FONDNESS FOR " OR
" FONDNESS OF." — 'The Century Dictionary '
under "fondness" quotes thus from James
Russell Lowell's review of Milton : —
" Every one has noticed Milton's fondness
for sonorous proper names." — Lowell, ' Among
my Books,' 2d ser., p. 291.
All authorized editions of Lowell's works
have " of " instead of " for " in the passage
quoted, although one finds an allusion to
Spenser's "fondness for dilation" in the
same article.
The difficulty of securing absolute accuracy
in a great dictionary may be emphasized
further by noting that the ' Century ' under
" astucity " and " dubitate " has referred
to the wrong volume of Carlyle's ' French
Revolution ' in each case.
THOMAS FLINT.
Brooklyn, N.Y.
MARRIAGE OF DIVORCED PERSONS TEMP.
ELIZABETH. — The following entries are from
the register of St. Michael le Belfry, York : —
" Ricd Cowpland and Bettris Atkinson, 16 Jan.,
1568.
" Devorsed by order of lawe 1576 in Courte of
Dean and Chapter of York Minster.
" Thos. Cooke and Beatrix Atkinson als.
couplande, 27 Jan., 1576, the said beatrix beinge
first devorced from Ricd couplande by lawe and
lycensed to marye."
COOKSON.
Ipswich.
HARVEST SUPERSTITIONS : JUDGMENTS ON
IMPIETY. — The following three incidents,
folk-tales pure and simple, are narrated as
having occurred in Hertfordshire, but as
usual the localities in which they happened
are not definitely specified.
The first narrates how " in the sixties "
a farmer was denouncing the weather in
unmeasured, terms before his labourers in
the harvest-field, when he was " struck
dead on the spot." Attempts were made
to lift his body to take it home for burial,
but in vain. A shed was therefore built over
the remains, but every night the structure
"fell -in." Attempts to cultivate this
particular field were unsuccessful, for the
work upon it appeared "as if it had not
been done by nightfall."
The second story appears to be a variant
of the foregoing. It is said that during a
very wet season a farmer, viewing his crops,
expressed the wish that the Almighty would
go to sleep for six weeks, when he suddenly
fell into a cataleptic trance, from which he
could not be wakened for a period of six
weeks. Horses could not move his body
from the spot where he was stricken, and a
shed had to be built over him where he lay.
It is said that the story of this event was
printed and sold in the locality, but no copy
seems to be in existence.
The third account tells how a farmer
was looking over one of his fields when an
acquaintance passed by. " You have a
nice field of corn there," he remarked.
"Yes," was the owner's response, "if the
Almighty would only leave it alone." And
the corn changed not, but remained green, a
striking comment upon the impious remark.
ii s. ui. MA*, is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
227
I have tried to identify the localities in
which these events happened, and it woulc
seem that one of the two harvest tales
comes from near Walkern, and the green-nek
story from Gaddesden. W. B. GERISH.
(grortes.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
THE OLD SQUIRES OF ENGLAND. — I am
writing a book, which will be published
shortly, on the Squires of England, a race
which will soon be extinct. I should be most
grateful for any stories relating to them —
humorous, pathetic, descriptive, or otherwise
— with any notes or references to their lives,
virtues, and achievements, .
P. H. DlTCHFIELD.
Barkham Rectory, near Wokingham.
RICHARD ROLLE : ' THE PRICK OF CON-
SCIENCE.'—I desire information on two
questions connected with a study which
I am making of the work of Richard Rolle
of Hampole. Dr. Morgan Cowie in his
catalogue of the manuscripts of St. John's
College, Cambridge (Cambridge, 1842), refers
(p. 14) to a " notice of the controversy as to
the author of ' The Prick of Conscience '
in The British Critic, No. 61, p. 23." This
reference is evidently wrong, for The British
Critic was not published in numbers. I
should be very grateful for a clue as to the
real reference. The article referred to
perhaps mentions Thomas Ascheburne, a
Carmelite of Northampton, since Dr. Cowie
goes on to mention the connexion of Asche-
burne's name with the poem.
Again, Ritson (' Bibl. Poet.,' p. 37) refers
to a manuscript of ' The Prick of Conscience,'
" once in the possession of Dr. Monro,"
which was " left after the death of Hampole
and his brother to the Society of Friars
Minor at York." It would be of great
interest to me to learn the whereabouts of
this manuscript, or of a description of it.
These questions are of particular interest
to me, since I do not believe that Hampole
wrote ' The Prick of Conscience.' I should
be very grateful for any assistance towards
answering them, or for any 'information
whatever that might throw light on the
larger question of the authorship of the
poem. HOPE EMILY ALLEN.
23, Montague Street, W.C.
JOHN THANE, PRINT-SELLER AND EN-
GRAVER.— I shall be glad to have particulars
of the birth and parentage of John Thane,
the celebrated collector of Soho 1748-1818.
Probably the family came from France,
but the * D.N.B.' gives no information on
this point. W. S. BRASSINQTON.
Stratf ord-upon- Avon .
JTJNIUS AND THE DUKE OF BEDFORD. —
In a note to his letter to the Duke of Bedford,
19 September, 1769, Junius declared that
this nobleman was " horsewhipped. . . .with
equal justice, severity, and perseverance,
on the course at Litchfield," by Mr. Heston
Homphrey, " a country attorney." From
the description of Junius it would seem that
the Duke was the victim of a set of rioters,
as he was at Honiton later in his life. Is
there any corroborationof Junius' s statement?
The incident, if it did happen, must have
occurred, according to the report, before
1760. HORACE BLEACKLEY.
REV. MR. GARRARD. — Can any of your
readers give me information concerning the
above, who wrote letters to Strafford
(Strafford, ' Letters,' vol. i. p. 463) ?
J. WlLLCOCK.
Lerwick.
BISHOP WALKER OF DERRY. — Can any
one tell me where is the picture of the Rev.
George Walker, Bishop and defender of
Derry, painted by Kneller by William III.'s
order ? Is there any other authentic picture
of the defender of Derry ? INQUIRER.
MRS. SIDDONS AT SANDGATE. — Some years
ago I was given a copy of a letter written
:o Lady Harcourt by Mrs. Siddons, dated
Sandgate, 2 August, but the year omitted.
Apparently she had just returned from the
Continent, being
' nearly twenty hours on the sea on our return, and
irrived at Dover fatigued and sick to death. We
made haste here, and it is the most agreeable sea-
)lace, excepting those on the Devonshire coast,
! ever saw.
I am desirous of ascertaining the year
;hat has been omitted. Mrs. Siddons writes :
' We have been here nearly three weeks,
wid propose staying, if possible, till Sep-
,ember." R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
REV. JOHN COWPER OF PENRITH. — Can
any reader tell me anything of the ancestry
,nd marriage of this gentleman, who was
Vicar of Penrith 1750-88, and for 59 years
master of Penrith Grammar School ? He
ppears to have been born in 1709 at Winton,
228
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAR. 25, 1911.
Westmorland, and to have married Mary
, circa 1743. He had some connexion
with Kirkbride, Bromfield, and Lazenby in
Cumberland, and was chaplain of Soulby,
Westmorland, circa 1733. Ex. GEN.
34, Forest Drive, Manor Park, E.
CUSTOM HOUSE CUTTERS. — Can any one
tell me whether Custom House cutters in
the eighteenth century would be com-
manded by officers of the Royal Navy ?
Searching naval records, I have failed to
find the names of two such officers, always
reputed to be of the Royal Navy.
G. S. PARRY.
17, Ashley Mansions, S.W.
CHARLOTTE SMITH'S POEM ' ST. MONICA.'
— Can any of your readers tell me where
this poem may be found ? It is not in her
' Sonnets and other Verses,' 1792.
R. A. POTTS.
OLD POULTER'S MARE. — Can any of your
readers say where " the affecting story of
old Poulter's mare," mentioned by Gifford
in The Quarterly Review apropos of the
parody in ' Rejected Addresses ' entitled
' Playhouse Musings, by S. T. C.,' is to be
found ? R. A. POTTS.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED.
As we journey through life, let us live by the way.
J. F. JENKINS.
Minneapolis.
The bee and spider by a diverse power
Suck honey and poison from the self-same flow'r.
K. P. D. E.
Sometimes a noble failure is , better than an
assured success,
E. S. CALVERT.
SWORD BY MOORE OF OLD BOND STREET.
— I bought an old sword (probably a naval
dirk) recently near Seringapatam, South
India. It is probably 112 years old at least,
as the capture of that fortress took place
in 1799. On the handle. was engraved
" Moore, Old Bond Street." I presume
this is the name of the maker. Can any-
body enlighten me as to this name, as I
wish to find out the history of the sword ?
O. J. F.
AVICE CAPELL=JOHN WARNER. — Avice
Capell married " John Warner of London "
probably between 1610 and 1615. Can any
reader identify this John Warner with
John Warner, Bishop of Rochester 1637-66?
Miss Capell's father Richard Capell lived at
Ware Park, Hertford, and her brother Henry
Capell at Morton, co. Derby, and was after-
wards in London in 1615 (see Genealogist,
vol. vii. New Series, p. 66 ; Derbyshire
Pedigrees, 1569 and 1611). Miss Capell's
mother was a Burnell, and a Lee (a quo Lee
Warner family) married in 1400 a Burnell,
the heiress of Langley, co. Salop ; so it would
seem probable that Bishop Warner's wife
may have been Avice Capell. The registers
of Morton and Ware contain nothing. For
previous correspondence in this matter
see 9 S. ii. 433, 475, 512 ; 10 S. x. 348.
E. L. W.
RICHARD BENNETT. — Who were the an-
cestors of Richard Bennett, who died
about 70 years ago ? He had property in
Bridport and Bristol. A brother was named
James. MRS. LAW.
ORDE= WILLIAMS. — Who was Sir Watkin
Williams, Bt., whose daughter married in
16 — Ralph Orde of Loiigridge, North-
umberland ? MRS. LAW.
44, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, W.
REV. HENRY HAYMAN, D.D. — Reference
is sought to oil paintings or engravings
of this former Head Master of Rugby.
They may' be possibly found at the schools of
which he was " Archididascalus," i.e., St.
Olave, Southwark, Cheltenham, Bradfield, or
Rugby ; or at his college (St. John's,
Oxford), or his school (Merchant Taylors'),
or elsewhere. Please reply direct.
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A., F.S.A.
78, Church Street, Lancaster.
[There is a portrait, we believe, in the study of
the present Head Master of St. Olave's, Mr. W. G.
Rushbrooke.]
BP. WILLIAM GREY or LINCOLN, 1431-6.
— Was he related to William Grey who was
consecrated Bishop of Ely on 7 September,
1454 ? Particulars of his parentage and
preferments are desired ; also of Bishop
Grey of Ely. L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
CLERKS OF THE PARLIAMENT.— I want
to find some particulars about two of these.
Certain copies of a local Act are signed,
in one case " John Brown, Clerc8 Parliam8,"
in another " George Rose, Cler. Parliam."
The Act itself was passed in 1641, and in the
case of the copy signed by John Brown, the
document may be nearly, if not quite con-
temporary. The spelling, however, varies
considerably, and it is suspected that the
one signed George Rose is of considerably
later date.
n s. 111. MA*. 25, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
229
Is there any work accessible containing newspapers, &c., it would be interesting
the names of all the holders of this office, to know something, from those who can
1 " ' still give the information, as to the transition
from the use of woodcut engravings to the
present process blocks for the purpose of
illustrating magazines, newspapers, &c. For
with the time during which they flourished?
In default of such a work can any reader of
' N. & Q.' tell me when, each of these par-
ticular officials received his appointment,
and the time during which he filled his I example, when was the last illustration
office ? W. S. B. H. I given direct from a woodcut, and the first
process block used in, say, Punch, The
" MOUNEB."— What is the meaning of this I frustrated London News, The Graphic,
word, which occurs frequently in mediaeval &c ? E. N. G.
documents ? In a volume of the Calendars [Linton's book on wood engraving would probably
of Close Rolls I have just been consulting angwer some of these points.]
(1288-96) there is mention of William the
Mouner at Winchester, Roger the Mouner in - AMES GBANT or BENGAL. - Can any of
p.i^«i fv,« M™ , v™i~w,, your readers give me additional information
Kent,
Ac.
Richard the Mouner in
Yorkshire,
STAB.
SIB WILLIAM LANGSTOW : ST. ZITA'S
as to James Grant of Bengal ? He went to
India in 1779 ; was Resident at Hyderabad
1781-4 ; in 1786 was appointed " Serishta-
apparently created
CHAPEL AT ELY.— Can any of your readers ?ar °f Bengal> .
supply me with biographical or other °r hun '• ard m 179° Pblished in London
references to a Sir William Langstow, who
according to Baring-Gould's ' Lives of the
Saints ' (27 April), built a chapel at Ely in
honour of St. Zita in 1456 ? I shall also
be glad of any information relating to this
church. W. H. .B
SIMON DE MONTFOBT : TBANSLATION OF
FBENCH POEM. — A contemporary poem on
Simon de Montfort and the battle of Eves-
the result of his researches into the native
land laws, entitled ' An Inquiry into the
ing, from Rickey's Bengal Gazette, September,
1781, refers to his appointment at Hydera-
bad : —
" On Tuesday last James Grant, Esq., set out
on an Embassy to the Nezam's Court. More
mischief Brewing."
There are many letters from him to the
ham, written in French, has been translated Governor-General m the Warren Hastings
into English. I have seen the translation
ascribed to G. Ellis, but it does not seem
to be in his 'Works' in the British Museum .
Can any one tell me (a) who translated it,
(b) in what book or paper the translation
first appeared ? H. C — s.
correspondence at the British Museum, but
they contain nothing of a personal nature,
very anxious to ascertain his parentage ;
if he married and had children in India ;
when he died, &c. Can the following
announcement amongst the deaths in Gent.
Mag., March, 1816, refer to him ?—
" Feb. 4 in Welbeck St., aged 65, James Grant,
Esq., Head of the Department of the Ship Letter
and East India Packet offices ; and one of the
Commissioners of Hackney Coaches. He was son
^•f 4*\~ ~ l~i,, o:_ T a _ • i ^ A i»
" BABNBUBNEB " : " HTJNKEB." — In one
of Hawthorne's letters, written in 1853,
this passage occurs : "He tells me he is a
democrat ; but as to hard shell or soft shell, I of tne late Sir Ludoyick" Grant of Dalvey, and
or Barnburner or Hunker, he don't know ' brother of Lady Mackintosh.
Were those the names
What does
mean ?
M. L. R. BBESLAB.
Percy House, South Hackney.
[Webster has : " Hunker, originally a nickname
for a member of the Conservative section of the
one from another.'
of American political parties ?
" hard shell or soft shell " -
AND
Democratic party in New York ; hence, ___
opposed to ^progress in general ; a fogy (Political
OflnTr, U.O.)* J
M. F. H.
INTEBCHANGED. — The
interchange of c (or k) and t in names of
places and other words is not uncommon.
Thus " inmake " was at one time used for
inmate " ; and the other day I noticed the
THE WOODCUT : ITS PASSING. — As the
time is approaching when there will be no
engravers, pressmen, or editors left to us
who have had the cutting of, printing, and
arranging for woodcuts in books, magazines,
statement that a hill formerly called Beacon
Hill is now marked Beaton Hill on the map —
a change against expectation, for the former
name is intelligible. The alteration no
doubt takes place according to some law ;
what is it ? Children will say " lickle IJ for
' ' little " ; is the change from c to t due to
advance from childhood to maturity in
language ? J. B.
230
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAR. 25, 1911.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S STATUE IN
THE ROYAL EXCHANGE.
(11 S. iii. 187.)
IT is"Jnot generally remembered that there
have been three buildings on the same site
and called the Royal Exchange, and that
all of them have been decorated with
statuary.
The original " Britain's Burse," built by
Sir Thomas Gresham in 1566, and named by
Queen Elizabeth the Royal Exchange when
she visited it on 23 January, 1570, was burnt
to the ground in the Great Fire of 1666.
The covered walks were adorned with
statues of the English kings ranged in niches
in the upper story ; and a statue of Gresham
stood near the north end of the Western
Piazza. The founder's statue, the grass-
hopper vane, and the Turkish honestones
alone survived the conflagration. The vane
and the honestones survive to this day.
The second Exchange, designed by Jar-
man, was completed in 1669. There were
statues of Charles I. and II. on either side
of the entrance in Cornhill by Buehell, the
sculptor of the fantastic figures on Temple
Bar. These were replaced on the second
front to the same building designed by
George Smith, and are now preserved in
Gresham College. The interior of the build-
ing had 24 niches, 19 of which were filled
with apocryphal statues in stone of the kings
and queens of England, standing dressed
in their robes and with their regalia, except
Charles II. and George II., who were in-
congruously dressed like the Caesars. These
were subsequently painted and gilded by
public subscription. The statues of George
I. and II. were by Rysbrach, and that of
George III. by Wilton ; the remainder were
by C. G. Cibber, the Danish sculptor. Four
vacant niches should have included Ed-
ward II., Richard II., Henry IV., and
Richard III., but these monarchs were
omitted as either being usurpers or having
deprived the City of its charter. There
was also a statue in the S.W. corner of Sir
John Barnard, M.P. for the City, and the
statue of Gresham which survived the
Fire. In the centre of the area was another
statue of Charles II. in Roman costume,
executed by Gibbons, and erected in 1684,
which is the one MB. CECIL CLARKE mentions
as now standing in the S.E. corner of the
present building.
A second front to this building"was com-
pleted in 1821. Bushell's statues of Charles
I. and II. were placed on either side ; and
on the tower \\ere a statue of Sir Thomas
Gresham, four busts of Queen Elizabeth,
the City arms supported by a griffin, and
two sculptured panels representing Queen
Elizabeth proclaiming the original building,
and Britannia seated amidst the emblems
of commerce, accompanied by the polite
arts, manufacture, and agriculture.
Fire again destroyed the building on
10 January, 1838. Almost all the royal
statues were destroyed, as well as that
of Gresham, which had so miraculously
escaped on the former occasion. The present
Royal Exchange was erected in its place by
Mr. lite, and opened on 28 October, 1844,
by Queen Victoria. Of its statuary, the
17 figures in the pediment were executed
by Richard Westmacott, R.A. ; those of
Sir Hugh Myddelton and Richard Whitting-
ton by Carew. That of Sir Thomas Gresham
in the tower is by Behnes, and the Queen
Elizabeth statue by Watson.
In Gresham College is a statue of Sir
Thomas Gresham, which one would like to
think of as the original that stood in Britain's
Burse ; but no information is to hand as
to where it came from, except that it was in
the second Exchange. It might therefore be
the statue mentioned above as being on the '
second front of the second Exchange.
Could any of your readers enlighten me on
this point ? F. W. BAXTER.
170, Church Street, Stoke Newington, N.
Queen Elizabeth's statue by Watson was
provided when the present building was
erected, 1840-44. At the same time
statues of Gresham and Myddelton, by
Joseph and Carew respectively, were placed
in other niches ; but that of Charles II. in
the south-west corner formerly stood in the
quadrangle of the second Exchange, and
survived the fire of 1838 (Cunningham, ii.
709 ; Wilson's ' New Royal Exchange,'
1844, 103). ALECK ABRAHAMS.
[A note by MR. ABRAHAMS on Gresham College
and the Royal Exchange is in type and will appear
next week.]
MOZART'S WORKS (11 S. iii. 187). — Miss
CONSTANCE SMITH is a little vague in her
inquiry. Of sonatas Mozart wrote 17 for
pianoforte solo, 5 for pianoforte four hands,
and 1 for two pianofortes ; 43 for pianoforte
and violin, and 17 for the organ. It is
probably concerning the first of these that
she seeks information.
us. m. MAK. 25, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
231
Mozart was born in 1756. In 1775 he
had already composed 10 works of an opera ti
or dramatic nature, including ' Bastien unc
Bastienne,' ' La Finta semplice,' and ' I
Re pastore.' No pianoforte sonata appearec
till 1778, when he produced 6 in succession
followed soon afterwards by sets containing
3 and 4 each. Six dramatic works —
* Zaide,' * Konig Thamos,' ' Idomeneo,' ' Ent
fuhrung,' ' L'oca del Cairo,' and ' Lo sposo
deluso ' — intervened before the appearance
in 1784 of the Sonata in c minor, to which
he prefixed the beautiful fantasia in that key
Then came ' Der Schauspiel-direktor ' anc
* Figaro,' both in 1786, and ' Don Giovanni
in 1787. One more sonata in 1788 and tw
in 1789 formed his last works in that form
offcomposition. The opera ' Cosi fan tutte
appeared in 1790, while ' Zauberflote ' and
' Clemenza di Tito ' belong to 1791, the year
which brought his labours to a close.
Miss SMITH should endeavour to consult
Von Kochel's well-known and admirable
' Chronologisches-thematisches Verzeichniss,'
which casts a wonderful light on the in-
dustry of the great composer.
J. E. MATTHEW.
Mozart when eight years of age resided
in London, and published six sonatas dedi-
cated to Queen Charlotte. The dedication
is dated the 18th of January, 1765. Three
years afterward, in Vienna, he composed an
opera, ' La Finta semplice.'
WILLIAM H. CUMMINGS.
[The REV. SIR D. O. HUNTER BLAIR and TOEREA
also thanked tor replies.]
DICKENS: " SHALLABALAH " (11 S. iii.
68, 111, 153).— In The Evening News of
8 March, Mr. Fitzroy Gardner, in a paper
'The Most Popular Play in the World:
The Acting Version of Punch and Judy,'
says : —
" Probably few of those who have paused for a
few minutes to watch the show in the street
are aware that in most cases the showman has
studied the several parts from an authorized
version of a real play Whether the ' book' of
this immortal tragedy is on sale at the present time
I have not been able to ascertain, but most of the
old actor-managers who ' present ' this, and no
other dramatic works from year to year in the
street or at fairs OP f£tes, arc, or have been, I am
told, in possession of a printed acting version ....
such as one that has come into my possession ....
Unfortunately it bears no date It is described
on the first page as ' Punch and Judy : a Serio-
Comical Tragedy in Three Acts.' The charac-
ters are more numerous than might be supposed
by ' the man in the street.'
" There are twelve of them : Mr. Punch, Judy
(his wife), the Baby, Joey (the Clown), the Doctor,
ShaUaballa (a Black Servant), the Ghost, a^Police-
man, Jack Ketch, Toby (the Dog), Hector (a
favourite horse), and the Dragon."
I think we most of us are familiar with the
old rime,
Shallaballa, ShaUaballa,
A most notorious rascal you are !
In 1843 H. G. Hine, the leading Punch
cartoonist, used to sign his drawings " Shalla-
balla " ; but ' The Old Curiosity Shop ' had
been then recently published, so it may have
been rather from the novel than from the old
play that he borrowed his pseudonym.
As Punch, the famous hunchback, is of
Italian origin, and may still be occasionally
met with in the flesh at Neapolitan festivals,
would it be too far-fetched to suggest that
" Shallaballa " might be derived from Zanni,
a buffoon, a Merry- Andrew, and balla (ballata),
a dance or dancing - song, or ballatore, a
dancer ? HERBERT B. CLAYTON.
39, Renfrew Road, Lower Kennington Lane.
In the days of my youth, in the sixties,
a Punch verse-book used to be sold with the
Punch slides supplied as children's magic-
lantern apparatus. So far as memory
serves, the black man's speech was : —
Shallabalah, Shallabalah,
Massa Punchee, how you are ?
To which Punch was made to reply : —
Shallabalee, Shallabalee,
Massa Teapot, come and see.
Blackie's rejoinder was : —
What you call me Teapot, sar ?
Dat stick of yours, dat iron bar.
Whereupon Punch knocked him over,
saying :—
"Which you shall taste, 'twill do you good
To know the taste of a piece of wood.
ALGERNON WARREN.
" GENTLEMAN " : " ARMIGER " : " PRIVI-
.EGIATUS " (11 S. iii. 167). — A "privileged
)erson " at Oxford and Cambridge was one
imenable to University jurisdiction only.
Such persons are roughly defined in the
harter of Richard II. granted to the Uni-
versity of Cambridge on 10 December,
383, which provided that the Chancellor
or the time being and his vice-gerent
should for ever have before them conusance of
11 and all manner of personal pleas as well of
ebts, accounts, and all other contracts and
ijuries, as of trespasses against the peace and
nisprisions whatsoever, done within the town of
Cambridge or the suburbs (mayhem and felony
nly excepted) where a master, scholar, or scholar's
errant or a common minister of the University
hould be a party." — Translation by Cooper,
Annals of Cambridge,' i. 127.
G. C. MOORE SMITH.
232
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MA*. 25, ion.
See 9 S. xi. 494. The description
"armiger," "gent.," and " pleb." belon,
to the fathers of alumni, and were no
consistently attributed to parents by thei
own sons. A. T. M.
See ' The English Gentleman,' by Sir Geo
Sitwell, Bt., F.S.A., in vol. i. of The Ancestor
p. 58. R. S. B.
" Armiger " meant originally one entitlec
to bear heraldic arms, an esquire. " Gentle
man " was a vaguer term, and sometimes
no doubt, connoted a man who, originally
written " plebs," had prospered in his calling
and retired. These distinctions have ceasec
to have much meaning ; and in some colleges
everybody signs himself as " arm. fil," in
others as " gen. fil " — sons of clergymen o:
the Church of England excepted, who sign
as " cler. fil."
The University by its charters claimec
jurisdiction over all cases in which
" scholaris " or " persona privilegiata " was
one of the parties in the suit. A sixteenth-
century list gives among privileged persons
college manciples, cooks,under-cooks, porters,
servants of various dons, a slater, a barber
a surgeon, a " scrip tor," a " vergerer," t
plumber, four " cantatores Ecclesiae Christi,'
and others. A. R. BAYLEY.
TREHERNE : CURIOUS RIMES TO "JOY"
(11 S. ii. 426). — Are the quoted rimes false ?
They are curious, from the change that has
taken place, since Treherne's time, in our
shifting pronunciation ; just as the corre-
sponding rimes in French are curious from
the change in Paris pronunciation. Tre-
herne's rimes show that in his time " joy "
was pronounced by the educated as it is
now by the uneducated — that is, as in
" jyfull " or even as " jay." We know that
"boil," "boiler," "oil," "spoil," &c.,
have to the great majority of English tongues
the same sound as in " bile." Spenser in
' Colin Clout ' rimed " kind " \vith "joined,"
and " lie " \*ith " destroy." If Treherne
.rimed "joy" with "convey,1' so did La
Fontaine rime joie with envoie and monnoie,
which certainly would, have rimed with
" convey," for the last two of these French
words corresponded both in meaning and
pronunciation to our " envey " (or " en-
veigh ") and " money." We have kept the
original sounds, which Paris has lost in the
first word, but has kept in the second, owing
to its being included in the partial spelling
reform of the eighteenth century which
changed it to monnaie.
In nearly all French words containing
oi, oy, this was sounded as ei, e, or with the
w-glide as " we," until the partial spelling
reform induced Paris and the classes under
its influence to think that the unchanged
words must be pronounced differently.
Thus croire (Prov. creire) was pronounced
crere, and croycis, creye (its noun being
credit) ; but when croyois was changed to
croyais, Paris began to pronounce it as at
present. Similarly the early reis and re'ine
(Prov. rei, reino) did not change sound when
written roy and royne ; but the first did
change when excluded from- the spelling
reform, while reine is now pronounced as it
always was under whichever spelling.
But French words passing to England
with oi, oy, preserved their true ei sound.
To " bray " in a mortar shows the original
sound of broyer (Prov. brega, breia) ; " trey "
(of dice) that of trois ; to " display " that
of ployer (Prov. plega, pleia) ; our statute-
French pesson that of poisson (Prov. peis) ;
and its " haberdepase " and " habardy
peyse " that of avoir de poids.
Even in joie, one of the few words with
an original sound of oi (Prov. joio, pro-
nounced " dzaw-ye "), this sound gave way
according to the general rule that it became e,
sometimes with a #<;-glide. This word could
thus rime with monnaie, as Treherne's
' joy " rimed with " convey." It is inter-
sting to see how the study of English and
of French rimes helps in determining the
old pronunciation of each language.
EDWARD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
CAPT. COOK MEMORIALS (US. iii. 165).—
There is, I understand, a column to the
memory of Capt. Cook on Easby Moor,
orkshire. It was erected in 1827 at the
cost of a Mr. Campion of Whitby.
The following paragraph appeared in
The Warwick Times of 22 May, 1909 : —
' A monument to Capt. Cook, the navigator,
tood for many years at Manby Hall, midway
>etween Brigg* and Scunthorpe (Lincolnshire),
vhich is now in a state of ruin, though at one
ime used by the, Yarborough family. Capt.
^ook stayed there for some time before going upon
is last voyage. It is now reported that some
nknown vandals have wrecked the monument
nd upset the upper part of its pedestal, with the
esult that it is entirely demolished."
Further particulars concerning both these
nemorials would be welcome.
An engraving of the Cook memorial in
*reat St. Andrew's Church, Cambridge,
s given in The Mirror of 5 November,
136. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
n s. m. MAR. 25, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
233
DAY FAMILY or ESSEX (US. ii. 368). —
There is a valuable collection relating to
various Days, including the family of John
Day, the printer, in Davy's Suffolk Collec-
tions, Add. MS., British Museum, 19,126.
It may contain an abstract of his will.
I am interested in the probable connexion
between these Days of Essex and Lieut.
Thomas Day, one of the English settlers
(most of whom came from Essex, Herts, and
Devonshire) planted on the estates around
Tralee, co. Kerry, by the Denny family
in the early seventeenth century.
This Thomas Day, who might have been
a son of the Rev. James Day, curate in 1583
of Waltham Abbey (where was then the
chief Denny seat in England), was living in
1641, and was, apparently, father or grand-
father of Richard Day of Tralee, living
1717. Richard was father of William of
Tralee, and of Thomas of the Manor, co.
Kerry. The latter had issue, besides Edward
and Margaret, a son John, who m. Sarah
FitzGerald of Dingle, and had, with other
issue, Thomas, father of the Rev. John Day,
who m. Charlotte, dau. of Sir Barry Denny,
Bt., of Tralee Castle, and had issue.
H. L. L. D.
" SILIGO " : " SPRTG " : " BECKAB " :
" DRAGET " (11 S. ii. 509).— See the note on
" Siligo " in ' Durham Account Rolls,' iii.
965, in the very useful glossary (Surt. Soc.).
It and " draget '" occur in the ' Accounts
of Bishop Gravesend,' e.g. at pp. 64, 75, 77,
78, 90. "Siligo" is also in 'Derby's
Expeditions,' index, s.v., and in ' Accounts
of Abingdon Abbey ' under " rye," all in
Camd. Soc.
In the ' Chron. Mon. de Melsa,' edited by
E. A. Bond, vol. iii., 1868, p. 319, "dragetum"
is entered as " species of barley ? buck-
wheat ? " Refer to 10 S. viii. 5, 114.
W. C. B.
" Siligo " is Latin for a kind of wheat :
Lewis and Short say " a kind of very white
wheat, winter wheat. Triticum hibernum"
It has been taken to mean rye, an error
Lyte refers to in his ' Herbal,' following
Dodoens. Gerard says it is white or flaxen
wheat ; and in the vocabulary appended
to Henslow's ' Medical Works of the Four-
teenth Century ' it is thus explained :
" Siligo Triticum sativum, L., wheat, var. —
A lyght wheat, Turn. ' Names.' ' Lemery,
however^ (' Traite Universel des Drogues
Simples,' 1723), continues to give the name
siligo to rye. C. C. B.
A " sprig " in parts of Scotland is a house
sparrow.
Would " beckab " be a mill-dam or dam
of any kind ? In the Orkney dialect an
" ab " is a check, hindrance, impediment ;
and in the north as well as the south of Eng-
land a " beck " is a small stream or river.
As to the derivation of " druget " from
" dragium," " a coarse sort of bread corn,"
Tusser in his ' Husbandrie,' p. 32, as quoted
by Cowel in his ' Interpreter,' says : —
Sow Barley and Dreg with a plentiful hand,
Lest Weed sted of Seed over-groweth thy Land.
Thy Dreg and thy Early go Thresh out to Malt.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
" Sprig " is a term still in use, and has a
variety of meanings. It signifies " a thin
nail without a head." Or, more commonly,
it denotes " a small piece of a tree or plant
broken off from a larger portion." Leigh
Hunt has an essay ' On a Sprig of Laurel.'
The expression " a sprig of heather " is
common in Scotland. There is a somewhat
contemptuous use of the word, as when a
person is called " a sprig of the nobility,"
that is, an offshoot from some noble family.
In the survey cited in the query the term
may perhaps stand for " a single corn-stalk
taken from a bunch." SCOTTJS.
[MB. N. W. HILL also thanked for reply.]
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
iii. 147, 177).— The lines,
A Scot and Jesuit, hand in hand,
First taught the worldVto say
That subjects ought to have command,
And monarchs to obey,
are described by Prof. Hume Brown (' George
Buchanan, Humanist and Reformer,' p. 291
n.) as "a squib produced during the English
Civil Wars of the seventeenth century." The
Scot referred to is, as PROF. BENSLY suggests,
George Buchanan, in whose ' De Jure
Regni' is upheld the doctrine that kings
exist by the will of, and for the good of, the
people ; and the Jesuit is, as PROF. BENSLY
and MR. WAINEWRIGHT state, the Spaniard
Juan de Mariana, author of ' De Rege et
Regis Institutione,' a treatise in which the
lawfulness of tyrannicide is discussed and
affirmed.
M. A. M. MACALISTER.
[MR. J. JACOBS also thanked for reply.]
'CASABIANCA' (11 S. iii. 67).— In an
edition of the poems of Mrs. Hemans, pub-
lished by Blackwood in 1861 ' Casabianca '
stands among a group of " Miscellaneous
Poems" written in 1825. 'The Forest
Sanctuary ' and ' Lays of Many Lands '
234
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. MAR. 25, 1011.
appeared together in this country in 1826.
During the same year Prof. Norton repub-
lished the works of Mrs. Hemans in America.
Itfis possible that ' Casabianca ' made its
appearance for the first time in some English
magazine ; but if the statement in the
* D.N.B.' is correct, it did not appear in the
first edition of * The Forest Sanctuary.'
It will follow that the poem was printed
among the works of Mrs. Hemans for the
first time in the Boston edition of 1826, to
which MB. ALBERT MATTHEWS has called
attention. W. SCOTT.
" DIE IN BEAUTY " (US. iii. 7, 74, 112). —
The source of this phrase is a song of Charles
Doyne Sillery (1807-36), born in Athlone,
but reared in Edinburgh, and from his
personal charm and poetic enthusiasm a
much-liked figure in Scotch literary circles
for a number of years. His most pre-
tentious compositions were ' Vallery ' (1829,
subscription) and ' Eldred of Erin.' The
little poem, with some variants, was long
one of the American favorites, published
in various anthologies and quoted from in
novels. It is as follows : —
She died in beauty — like a rose blown from its
parent stem ;
She died in beauty — like a pearl dropped from
some diadem.
She died in beauty — like a lay along a moonlit
lake ;
She died in beauty — like the song of birds among
the brake.
She died in beauty — like the snow on flowers
dissolved away ;
She died in beauty — like a star lost on the brow
of day.
She lives in glory — like night's gems set round
the silver moon ;
She lives in glory — like the sun amid the blue
of June !
Verse 3, line 1, is sometimes printed " like
the dew from flowers exhaled away." The
original is punctuated largely with notes of
exclamation. FORREST MORGAN.
Hartford, Conn.
SCARBOROUGH SPA (US. iii. 129, 157). —
A minor poet, George Tonstall by name,
"wrote ' Scarborough Spaw spagyrically
anatomized by Geo. Tonstall, Doctor of
Physick,' London, 1670. Three years earlier
appeared " Scarbrough-Spaw, or a Descrip-
tion of the Nature and Vertues of the Spaw
at Scarbrough, Yorkshire, &c., by Robert
Wittie, Dr. in Physick, Lond." Tonstall
replied in ' A New year's-Gift for Dr. Rob.
Wittie.' In 1670 Dr. William Simpson of
Wakefield answered Tonstall in * Hydro-
logical Essays,' &c., and in 1672 Wittie
replied to Tonstall in ' Scarbrough' s Spagyri-
cal Anatomizer Dissected.' See Anthony
Wood's 'Athenae Oxonienses ' (ed. Bliss,
1817), iii. 985. A. R. BAYLEY.
[MB. A. H. ARKLE and MR. FRANK CURRY also
thanked for replies.]
"WHEN SHE WAS GOOD," &c. (11 S. iii.
128). — Carolyn Wells' s ' Nonsense Antho-
logy,' Granger's ' Index,' and other books
attribute these lines to Longfellow. Under
date of 27 Feb., 1911, Miss Wells writes :—
" I have many times seen it stated that Long-
fellow wrote the lines. I like to think that he
did write them, but I cannot offer proof."
In this connexion the following extract
from Longfellow's ' Table-Talk ' might be
quoted : —
" When I recall my juvenile poems and prose
sketches, I wish that they were forgotten entirely.
They however cling to one's skirts with a terrible
grasp. They remind me of the ' plusieurs enfants '
in ' M. de Pourceaugnac,' clinging to him in the
street and crying, ' Ah ! mon papa ! mon papa !
mon papa ' ! "
T. F.
Brooklyn, N.Y.
BEATRIX GORDON = ROBERT ARBUTHNOT
(11 S. iii. 69). — Was not Beatrix Gordon the
daughter of Robert Gordon of Straloch,
a celebrated antiquary and geographer ?
He was a second son, but succeeded to the
estate of Pitlurg on the death of his elder
brother. His family consisted of eleven
sons and six daughters. SUTOCS.
MONTAGU G. DRAKE (11 S. iii. 29, 72,
132). — Montague Garrard Drake, men-
tioned by COL. FYNMORE at the last reference,
who was M.P. for Amersham in 1713, 1715,
and 1727, cannot be the person for whom
G. F. R. B. is inquiring, as he was born in
1693, and would not have been at school
in 1725. He is buried in the Drake Chapel
at Amersham Church, where a handsome
monument by B. Scheemaker was erected to
his memory by his sorrowing wife. He died
26 April, 1728, in the 35th year of his age.
I have searched the Amersham registers,
and have found an entry in the burials for
1725 of a Montague Drake, who is un-
doubtedly the person of whom particulars
are desired. The entry is as follows :
" Aug. 14. Montague Drake (Minor), son
of Wm. Drake, Esq., of Adderbury, was
buried in woollen. Affid. made by Tho :
Le: Gros."
The pedigree of Drake of Amersham in
Lipscomb's ' History of Bucks ' does not
mention a William Drake who could have
been the father of this lad.
us. in. MAR. 25, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
235
Montague Drake, Esq., of Shardeloes
M.P. for Amersham in 1695, the father o:
Montague Garrard Drake who died in 1728, is
stated by Lipscomb to have married Mary
(not Jane), daughter and heiress of Sir J
Garrard, Bt., of Lamer, Herts. He hac
three brothers : William, d. 1672 ; Charles
d. 1676 ; and John. Perhaps one of these
may have been the father of William Drake
of Adderbury. L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
ST. MARK'S, NORTH AUDLEY STREET
(11 S. ii. 368).— Probably the notice board
at St. Mark's, North Audley Street, was
temporarily removed on account of the
death of the late vicar, the Rev. R. H.
Hadden, and replaced on the induction of
his successor, with his name and new
announcements. CLERICUS.
In the County of London, St. Peter's,
Brockley, S.E., has no notice board of
services, &c. F? D. WESLEY.
"THE OLD MOGUL," DRTJRY LANE (11 S.
iii. 86, 153).— The following far-fetched
oonnexion of the Great Mogul with a play
at Covent Garden may be of interest. Charles
Smith, of the family of Turmiston in
Stenness, Orkney, " painter to the Great
Mogul," published two plays, as follows : —
" A Trip to Bengal, a musical entertainment
in two acts [with portrait of Charles Smith,
painter to the Great Mogul, ipse pinxt., S. W.
Reynolds sculpt.]." London, 1802.
" A Day at Rome, a musical entertainment
iu two acts, as it was damned at the Theatre
Royal, Covent Garden, on Thursday, October 11
1798." London, 1798.
ALFRED W. JOHNSTON.
29, Ashburnham Mansions, Chelsea.
EAR-PIERCING (US. iii. 149, 171).— I was
told as a child by a country lad who came
to work in our garden, and whose ears were
pierced, that his mother had had them
pierced because his eyes were " bad." He
wore small rings in them. This was in
Sussex. Some farm labourers also had their
ears pierced, I believe for the same reason,
though I do not remember asking them
about it. JESSIE H. HAYLLAR.
19, Highdown Road, Hove.
Quite a number of boys and girls had their
ears bored" when I was a boy. With
some the object was to cure sore eyes, to
make weak eyesight stronger, or even to
cure such ailments. The "ear-boring"
was done by an elderly woman as a rule,
though I have known both a barber and a
cobbler do the piercing.
The method which I remember to have
been followed by an old woman was to pink
the lobe of the ear till the blood was out, and
then to thrust a needle through the flesh,
allowing it to remain for a short time.
For several days the hole was kept open in
the same way, the ear being bathed with
warm milk and water. If, as was usually
the case, there was festering, the lobe was
kept moist and clean in the same way, and
the hole kept open by again passing the
needle through. Some had their ears bored
for the purpose of wearing earrings.
Of the many gipsies always about in the
lanes, nearly all had their ears bored, and
they wore a sort of button in the hole.
Certainly the general idea was that the
boring did the eyesight good.
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
[MR. TOM JONES also thanked for reply.]
GOVERNORS OF THE ROYAL HOSPITAL,
CHELSEA (US. iii. 127). — Portraits, engrav-
ings, or other illustrations of the persons
named in the query are unknown to me. In
Gleig's ' Chelsea Hospital and its Traditions,'
London, 1839, single-volume edition, lists
are given of the Paymasters-General, begin-
ning with Sir Stephen Fox, the Governors,
and the Lieutenant-Governors ; but no
mention is made of portraits of them being
in existence. As Gleig was for a time
chaplain of Chelsea Hospital, his omission
to note pictorial representations is perhaps
significant. His list of Governors does not
quite agree with that given in the query.
He omits the name of Sir Thomas Ogle,
and begins with Col. John Hales, appointed
10 November, 1702. Then follow Brigadier-
Greneral Thomas Stanwix, 13 January, 1714 ;
l. Charles Churchill, 6 June, 1720 ; Lieut. -
General William Evans, 7 June, 1727 ; and
seven others. W. SCOTT.
"TERRA SUSANNA" (11 S. iii. 83).—
Somner's derivation from O.F. susanne, for
mranne, looks like a guess. I imagine that
le consulted Cotgrave, who has " Suzanne.
ook suranne" and " Suranne, above a
eare passed or old, of more than one yeares
Late or age ; also, stale, past the best,
>verworne with yeares." This peculiar,
ind sporadic, pronunciation of intervocalic
r- (surviving in mod. Fr. besides, chaise) is
generally supposed to be not earlier than the
ourteenth century. It is very unlikely
hat a M.L. susanna should have been
nodelled on the exceptional form susanne.
Ne should expect, and we find, superannata
Du Cange).
236
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. in. MA*. 25, 1911.
I suggest that this M.L. susanna, of which
Du Cange (ed. Henschel) gives a variant
suseinna, is simply the O.F. adj. susain.
This is a fairly common word, explained by
Godefroy as meaning " higher." The fact
that he quotes variants in soz-, souz-, soubz-,
suggests that it also means "lower," or
rather that two adjectives — one from susum
(for sursum), and the other from subtus —
f,re confused in one article. The formation
is quite normal ; cf. F. forain, souverain,
and O.F. deinzein (denizen), from foris,
super, de-intus, respectively. The colloca-
tion of terra susanna with " marshes "
suggests either a contrast or a likeness,
i.e., that it was either an upland or a
" bottom." ERNEST WEEKLEY.
If PBEBENDABY DEEDES will consult
Littre again, he will see that suranne is
thus explained under its second meaning :
" vieux, hors de mode"; and under
suranner the following example from the
year 844 is given : " Difficilement se peuvent
bien engraisser les bestes surannees, leur
defaillans les dents pour paistre."
From this it follows, I think, that terre
susanee (surannee) means waste land, or
marsh which has grown impoverished by
repeated flooding from the sea, as in the in-
stances quoted from the ' Decem Scriptores.'
N. W. HILL.
SHEBSONS OF ELLEL CBAIG AND LANCASTEB
(11 S. iii. 167).— Bridget (b. 1677), daughter
of Alex. Nowell, married TJiomas Sherson
of Ellel Craig, and their son Alexander
married Bridget (b. 1703), daughter of
Roger Nowell, son of Alexander Nowell.
The will of Elizabeth Sherson of Hurrickford,
formerly of Lancaster, was proved at Chester
in 1751. Mrs. Sarah Sherson lived in Dalton
Square, Lancaster, in 1825. John Herdman
Sherson was Mayor of Lancaster in 1851.
R. S. B.
COBONEB OF THE VEBGE (11 S. iii. 30, 96).
—In the replies to this query the meaning of
"verge" as compass or extent is correct,
but it has nothing to do with the marshal's
staff or verge. He takes cognizance of
"trespas faitz dedenz la verge" (within the
compass of his jurisdiction). In this sense
the term is one of the curious extensions o"
the original sense of Fr. verge, a rod. Thir
sense branches into two series of meanings
— one to land-measures, parallel with the
English equivalent " yard " ; the other to
compass, material or figurative. The first step
is from Fr. verge, a flexible rod, a " yerde,'
;o a rod bent into a ring, a " gird," especially
x> a finger -ri ng : " Panurge . . . . luy mist
•n doigt medical line verge d'or bien belle "
' Pantagruel,' iii. 17) ; then — but in English
>nly — to successive senses which are seen in.
Shakespeare : —
1. The ring of a crown : —
O, would to God that t,he inclusive verge
Of golden metal that must round my brow
Were red-hot steel, to sear me to the brain.
' Rich. III.,' IV. i.
2. A larger circle : —
Vladam, sit you and fear not ; whom we raise
We will make fast within a hallowed verge
(Here they make a circle.)
4 2 Hen. VI.,1 1. iv.
3. The horizon or other large compass : —
to the furthest verge
That ever was survey'd by English eye.
'Rich. II.,' Li.
4. The compass of the sea or land : —
Timon hath made his everlasting mansion
Upon the beached verge of the salt flood.
' Timon,' V. ii.
EDWABD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
HAMPSHIBE MAP (11 S. iii. 89). — Perhaps
the map referred to may be John Gary's
map of Hampshire, issued in his ' English
Atlas.' He published a series of mapsjfpf
all the counties of England and Wales in
1787. Quarto and folio sets were brought
out. The quarto maps are exceedingly
well executed. The engravings round the
map, however, referred to in the query,
seem rather to indicate an earlier date than
1787. It was a characteristic of Bleau's
maps to have such adornments. Possibly
MB. OPPE'S map may belong to the seven-
teenth century rather than the eighteenth.
SUTOCS.
" To THE WEST ! To THE WEST ! " (11 S.
iii. 187.)— This is No. V. of ' The Emigrants :
a Series of Songs for a Musical Entertain-
ment,' written about the middle of last
century by Dr. Charles Mackay. The
singer, and presumably the musical com-
poser, was Henry Russell, who had pre-
viously made the author's Corn Law lyric
' There 's a Good Time Coming ' famous
throughout the world. He did this also
with ' Cheer, Boys, Cheer ! ' the second of
the musical entertainment group, to the
great popularity of which the author, with
pardonable pride, refers in the sixth chapter
of his book of memories, entitled ' Through
the Long Day.'
The vogue attained by ' To the West ! '
was, perhaps, never quite so remarkable as
ii s. m. MAR. 25, Mil.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
237
that which distinguished its companion
song, but it was also very general and
decided. Even now one sometimes hears
the stirring, rhetorical stanzas rendered in
the drawing-room by a baritone voice.
These are the opening lines : —
To the West ! to the West ! to the land of the free,
Where mighty Missouri rolls down to the sea,
Where a man is a man, if he 's willing to toil,
And the humblest may gather the fruits of the soil.
See ' The Poetical Works of Charles Mackay,'
published in their " Chandos Classics " by
Messrs. Frederick Warne & Co.
THOMAS BAYNE.
When I was a small boy in the early
sixties, the family butler — on whom be
peace ! — presented me with a little green
paper-covered collection of Henry Russell's
popular songs, about 3 inches by 4 inches
in size. How I wish I had a copy now !
I was not long in learning the whole of its
contents by heart, such as ' Cheer, Boys,
Cheer ! ' 'A Life on the Ocean Wave,'
' Woodman, Spare that Tree,' and numerous
others, including ' To the West ! ' The words
which Henry Russell set to music and popu-
larized by singing, like many of his other
songs, wrere written by his boyhood friend
Dr. Charles Mackay. Henry Russell died
in December, 1900, at the ripe age of 87,
beloved and respected by all who knew him.
WlLLOUGHBY MAYCOCK.
The year 1852 was a great one for emigra-
tion. Henry Russell, the tamous vocalist
of our youth, was then in the zenith of his
fame, and in conjunction with his friend
Dr. Mackay made use of the prevailing
spirit, and started an entertainment called
4 Far West; or, The Emigrant's Progress
from the Old World to the New.' This
included several songs whose popularity
lasted for a long time. ' To the West ! '
was dedicated to Mrs. Herbert Ingram,
wife of the proprietor of The Illustrated
London News. All were published at Webb's
Royal Music Saloon, 33, Soho Square ;
and each had an illustrated title-page, that
on ' To the WestJ ' being*an American river
steamer. A. RHODES.
[Numerous other correspondents thanked for
replies.]
LAST MAIL COACH (11 S. iii. 186).— COL.
FISHWICK may like to know that 1851 saw
the last mail coach leave the General Post
Office at St. Martin' s-le-Grand ; so I was
told by a friend, ^ho was permitted to take
the ribbons on that occasion.
I have the offside door of the Brecon mail,
lettered "Abergavenny. Crickhowell, Brecon,"
which, ceasing as a mail in the sixties, ran
as a stage coach up to thirty years ago.
HAROLD MALET, Col.
I can remember a regular mail coach
running from Turriff in Aberdeenshire to
Banff in 1859.
F. E. R. POLLARD-URQUHART.
I should suppose that the last mail coach
of the genuine old style was that which
ran between Golspie and Thurso, via Wick.
It was running daily until August, 1874,
when the northern portion of the Highland
Railway was opened for traffic. G.
Have we seen the last of the mail coaches
yet ? Does not the coach from Winder-
mere to Keswick still run, carrying the
mails ? It did quite recently. A four-in-
hand coach, built on the old " stage coach "
lines, it was used to deliver Post Office
letter-bags at Ambleside, Rydal, Grasmere,
Wythburn, and (I think) Thirlspot, on its
way to Keswick.
ERNEST B. SAVAGE, F.S.A.
S. Thomas', Douglas.
' BIG BEN ' AND PHIL MAY (US. iii. 187).
— Big Ben was one of the journalistic pro-
jects of the late Mr. Edgar Lee, and was
intended as a successor to the defunct
St. Stephen's Review. It was never published.
I can speak from personal experience, having
been engaged by Mr. Lee to contribute the
' Notes on Music.' ANDREW DE TERNANT.
25, Speenham Road, Brixton, S.W.
I have a recollection of being shown,
some three years ago, a dummy copy of a
magazine bearing this title, to which, if it
came into being, I was to contribute. So
far as I know, it was never published.
AITCHO.
[MR. W. SCOTT also thanked for reply.]
ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HERALDRY
(11 S. i. 508 ; ii. 36, 115, 231, 353, 398 ;
iii. 36). — May I be permitted to say a few
words in reply to MR. MERCER'S remarks
at 11 S. ii. 353 ? In his first paragraph
he would seem to throw some doubt on the
Rev. Dr. Woodward's having described an
elephant's head as the crest of the Malatestas
of Rimini. If he will read my reply again
(p. 231), he will see that I have emphasized
the word "head" as being given by Dr.
Woodward ; and a further reference that
I have made to his work (vol. i. p. 243)
assures me that I am not mistaken.
238
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. MAR. 25, 1911.
With regard to MB. MERCER'S statement
(in his second paragraph) that he doubts
whether the emblazonment of an elephant
dates so far back as Dante's Paolo and
Francesca, I think he is probably correct,
though, possessing very slight acquaintance
with Italian heraldry, I am unable to say
how far — if at all — the use of hereditary
heraldic insignia in that country preceded
that in our own. But I do not think that
my previous reference to Dante (p. 232) —
" the Malatestas of Dante's ' Inferno ' :
should necessarily convey the impression
that I thought so, if that be the suggestion
underlying MR. MERCER'S doubt.
I think MR. JONAS (11 S. ii. 353) must be
mistaken in giving the elephant " as one of
the crests of Parkington." Should it not be
Pakington, a well-known Warwickshire (or
is it Worcestershire ?) family ?
It is certainly a curious coincidence that
two references should at the same time
be given by your correspondents to War-
wickshire families — Pakingtons and Throck-
mortons — as bearing elephantine heraldic
insignia — insignia, as Dr. Woodward says,
but " little used in heraldry."
J. S. UDAL, F.S.A.
Antigua, W.I.
JULIA PASTRANA (11 S. iii. 29, 94, 179).—
This extraordinary creature is duly included
in Boase's ' Modern English Biography,'
vol. ii. col. 1376. Mr. Boase refers to several
books in which she is mentioned. v
RALPH THOMAS.
In ' The Living Races of Mankind '
(Hutchinson) there is a good photograph of
Julia Pastrana, but whether from life or the
embalmed body is not stated ; the peculiar
stiff attitude seems to indicate the latter.
S. PONDER.
PYRRHUS'S TOE (11 S. iii. 89, 131, 174).—
The textual puzzle in Sir Thomas Browne's
' Hydriotaphia ' . pointed out by S. W. S.
is solved in Dr. Greenhill's commentary.
The words "which could not be burnt" are
included by the quarto of 1658 in the list
of 'Marginal Illustrations omitted or to be
added to the Discourses of Urn Burial and of
the Garden of Cyrus.' Curll's 1736 edition
of ' Hydriotaphia,' a copy of which lies
before me, was the first to follow the correc-
tion, and duly printed the words at the
foot of the page (25). Simon Wilkin in his
edition of Browne's works (vol. iii., 1835)
inserted them in the text.
EDWARD BENSLY.
LONGEVITY : REV. H. M. SHERWOOD
(11 S. iii. 186). — It may be interesting to
add that the Rev. H. M. Sherwood is the
son of the Mrs. Mary Martha Sherwood
whose books for children were formerly
so much read, e.g., ' Little Henry and his
Bearer,' &c. Mr. Sherwood was the only
son of Capt. Henry Sherwood, the only
son of Henry, who was the only son of
another Henry Sherwood ; and as the Rev.
Mr. Sherwood's only son is also Henry,,
who in his turn has a son Henry (only son,
I think), we find five (if not six) generations
of Henry Sherwoods, all only sons.
W. BRADBROOK.
BARON DE STAEL IN SCOTLAND (11 S. ii.
387, 517). — Jane Welsh, writing to Thomas
Carlyle from Fort Augustus, 24 September,.
1822, says that on the day which she spent
at Glasgow (a month earlier or more) she
talked to a cousin of hers who had been at
church that afternoon with a very interesting
foreigner, Baron de Stae'l. She was very
vexed to have missed seeing him. " To
have been within a few minutes' walk of a
person I would have given all my rings and
necklaces to see ! " (' The Love Letters of
Thomas Carlyle and Jane Welsh,' 1909,
i. 77-78.)' This day in Glasgow may have
been 18 or 25 August, as Sunday fell on
those dates in 1822.
L. R. M. STRACHAN.
Heidelberg.
SIR W. ROMNEY, LORD MAYOR (11 S. iii.
169). — According to the original edition of
the 'D.N.B.* (vol. xlix. p. 201) he was the
only son of William Romney of Tetbury,
Gloucestershire, and his wife Margaret.
He is not given as Lord Mayor, but as
Alderman of Portsoken Ward in 1602, and
as one of the Sheriffs in 1603.
A. R. BAYLEY.
FREEMAN: BEAUCHAMP : LAWRENCE (II
S. iii. 169). — Concerning the two Sir Ralph
Freemans see 6 S. xii. 476. Perhaps I may
also refer to my article on the first Sir Ralph
in vol. v. of Northamptonshire Notes and
Queries. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchmgton, Warwickshire.
CECIL HOWARD (11 S. iii. 108). — Cecil
Howard published ' Dramatic Notes *
annually from 1890 till near his death. The
first three volumes were published by Messrs.
Hutchinson & Co. ; those from 1893 till
the close were issued by Messrs. Gay"l&
Bird. I have not heard of his ever having
written a play. W. S. S.
ii s. in. MAR. 25, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
239
QUEEN'S REGIMENT : SHEFFIELD PLATE
DISH (11 S. iii. 70, 138).— Through the
courtesy of Heralds' College, I can answer
my own query relative to the Sheffield
plate dish in. the possession of the Queen's
Regiment. The crest and motto were
granted in 1623 to Edward Rolt, who resided
at Picton Hall, co. Bedford. Lieut. -General
Sir John Rolt, K.C.B., was Colonel of the
Queen's 1853-6 ; therefore the plate in
question must have been presented by him to
the officers' mess at that period.
W. MACKIE, Lieut. -Col.
About Edwin Drood. (Cambridge University
Press.)
No name appears on the title-page which precedes
these notes on the mystery of Dickens's last plot,
but it is known that the " H. J." who signs the
Preface is Prof. Henry Jackson. Here he has pro-
vided an admirably clear marshalling of the evi-
dence which can be brought forward to support
one theory or another. The book, in fact, should
become a permanent handbook without mastering
which no one should dogmatize. The Professor
gives us some conjectures of his own as to details —
he would not be human if he failed to do that —
but it is his clear and logical statement of the
case as Dickens put it, or as one may reasonably
suppose Dickens to have put it, which gives
the book a place apart from much rather sloppy
Dickensian literature. Dickens's intentions as
revealed or deliberately clouded by his artistry
are part of the case, and here we have the greatest
confidence in Prof. Jackson's discrimination.
Generally he sides with Mr. Cuming Walters in
supposing that Datchery was Helena Landless
disguised, and is against Proctor and Mr. Andrew
Lang in affirming that Edwin Drood was really
murdered, and did not turn up again suddenly to
confute his assailant, as might seem to be indi-
cated by the pictured cover of the original issue.
That cover is, we think, with our author, not
decisive, but we certainly hold that Drood was
murdered, and think it probable that Helena
Landless was Datchery. At least that seems the
best solution of the matter we have got before us.
Dickens completed twenty-three chapters only,
and may have been meditating a surprise by the
introduction of a novel character of importance.
' Bleak House,' it is pointed out, is a mystery in
which the characters concerned behave irrationally
— -even absurdly. In his latest story, however,
Dickens took more pains, for he " had learnt that
a story ought to be plausible and consistent."
Vic remark that it was so easy for Dickens, with
his devoted public, to attain plausibility that he
need not have been a determined follower after
the other virtue. Were his powers in his last days
at their best ? That is a query that might enter
into the argument.
But there are so many queries and objections
to be started that the settlement of the case seems
hopeless. Mr. Andrew Lang and the Professor
destroy points in each other's theories with alarm-
ing facility. Confusion is increased by the
section offered here on the manuscript of the
extant chapters of the book, which offers " de-
cisive evidence that neither the order of the com-
position nor the order of the manuscript, nor
the agreement of the order of composition and
the order of the manuscript, proves the order of
events and the order of publication."
While inspecting the MS. of ' Edwin Drood,*
the Professor discovered a misprint of " tower "
for " town " in the second sentence of the book*
and another hi chap. xix. This is characteristic
of his vigilance.
Dodsley's Collection of Poetry : its Contents and
Contributors. By William Prideaux Courtney*
(A. L. Humphreys.)
THE elegantly bound little volume before us is
one of 75 copies printed for private circulation,,
and its contents need no introduction here, for
they are a revision and enlargement of a series
of articles from our own columns.
Mr. Courtney is one of our soundest guides in
all matters of bibliography, and not surpassed
in thoroughness and research by any of his con-
temporaries. He tells us that his interest in the
collection began as a schoolboy, and since then
his long and varied wanderings in the byways of
literary anecdote and history have produced
many fruitful results. The work he has done
here is done once for all, and will probably get
the sincere compliment (not unknown to our-
selves) of being frequently used with the slenderest
of acknowledgment or none at all. To the
genuine student of letters, however, the pleasure
of the work is the thing, and we hope that Mr.
Courtney will illumine many a dark corner for
the book-lover as he has done here and in his
' Eight Friends of the Great.'
The Book of Decorative Furniture : its Form,
Colour, and History. By Edwin Foley. Vol. I.
(Jack.)
MR. FOLEY'S work has been coming out in parts
of which this first volume represents seventeen.
It has already received the applause of competent
critics, which, indeed, it amply deserves. The
illustrations are a special feature, including lavish
reproductions in colour of the author's drawings
(which alone would be sufficient to render
the book fascinating), and text illustrations,
which are very much to the point. Mr. Foley's
letterpress shows alike excellent taste and very
wide knowledge, and we have little doubt that
his handsome and well-printed volume and its
successor, which will complete the scheme, will be
treasured everywhere. Once seen, it will cer-
tainly attract all lovers of beautiful furniture.
The present volume begins with the earliest
times, the furniture of Egypt, Babylonia, Greece
and Rome being lightly sketched, and ends
with the William and Anne and George I. Period,
1688-1727. Before we reach the end, which, by
the way, is muddled in the list of ' Contents,' we
have had a deal of information pleasantly im-
parted to us, including chapters on British Homes .
and on ' Collecting,' with hints against forgeries
as well as some philosophic considerations which
interest us concerning the forms of furniture and
the rival claims of fashion and convenience.
240
NOTES AND QUERIES. in s. in. M«. *, wn.
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[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
We must call special attention to the followino
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WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
eonimunications which, for any reason, we do not
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WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
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lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
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See the discussion ante, pp. 48, 114, 214.
ii s. in. APRIL i, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
241
LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 1, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 66.
NOTES :-Gresham College, the Royal Exchange, and
Crosby Hall, 241— Casanova in England, 242— Old London
Bridge: Death of Sir T. Rempston, 243— Stoke Newington
Parish Registers — ' Nicholas Nickleby ' : " Popylorum
Tibi" — Boz and Dombey as French Place -Names —
S. Rudder— Dr. Alexander Carlyle, 244— The French
Chapel in Little George Street— The Broad Arrow —
Washington: Lawrence — ' The Hull Advertiser,' 1796,
245 — Shakespeare and Goodman — Mary Tudor's Grave,
246.
QUERIES : — ' Mathematical Transactions' — Theses by
Principal Aidie, 246— Benjamin Franklin and Dreams-
Philological School — Tal man and John Webb — John
Murray I. as an Author— Moffete Family, 247— Lockhart
on Dante — ' Discord,' a Satire — White Lion of the House
of March— Bell Inscription at Falmouth-Bp. Ken— 'The
House of Too Much Trouble'— 'The Refuge,' 1808—
Corsets and Tight Lacing, 248— Fishing in Fresh Water-
Sir J. Budd Phear : Rev. J. J. Raven— Major J. R. Madan
—Arms at Chard—' A White Hand and a Black Thumb,'
249.
REPLIES : — Latin Hexameters by Machinery, 249 —
Warwick Lane, 250— Thackeray's Nose — ' Young Folks ' —
First Perforated Postage Stamps— Terrace, 251— English
Mathematical Diaries, 252 — Button's ' Miscellanea
Mathematica '—Authors Wanted— Parish Formation-
Pensioners in the Long Parliament, 253 - Queen's College,
Oxford— Bethlem Royal Hospital— Goodbeter—T. Hare—
Coryat and Westminster School — W. J. Lock wood —
Prior's Birthplace, 254— Alien Priories—" Seekers," 255—
Indexes Lncorum — Atrebatum — Plaistow — Jordan and
Baptism, 256— " No great shakes"— Meg Dods— " Stick -
in-the-Mud" -"Royal Blue" Omnibuses, 257— Thoresby
Pedigree Aristotle on Education— Proprietary Chapels —
Rice for the Complexion, 25?.
NOTES ON BOOKS:-' The First Duke and Duchess of
Newcastle.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
GRESHAM COLLEGE, THE ROYAL
EXCHANGE, AND CROSBY HALL.
I GATHER from The City Press that tbe much-
abused foundation in Gresham Street is
to be reconstituted and the premises rebuilt.
Some thorough reforms are necessary, and
it is to be hoped that this essentially City
institution will be adapted to modern needs
without becoming part of a larger educa-
tional body. Most regrettable is the fact
that this renaissance was not begun in
1907, and made part of the scheme for the
preservation of Crosby Hall in situ. This
was strongly advocated at the time, as it
had been on other occasions when the fine
Hall was in danger ; but never had it better
advocate or greater probability of adoption
than when Miss Maria Hackett, after the
destruction of the Royal Exchange by
fire in 1838, urged the transference of the
Gresham Lectures to Bishopsgate Street.
The advantages of the scheme were put
forward in a circular showing the ground
plan and dimensions of the proposed accom-
modation at the Royal Exchange and that
to be obtained for less cost at Crosby Hall ;
but a letter before me, addressed by Miss
Hackett to her stepbrother, S. J. Capper,
gives the comparison more fully : —
May 20, 1810.
MY DEAR BROTHER,
You have probably seen Mr. Tite's very
clear and intelligible description of the accepted
design for the Royal Exchange, in which, I
perceive, he has reserved a considerable portion
for Gresham College, intimating, however, that
" the space so complete and isolated would readily
let by itself or combined with the adjoining office
for other purposes, to which, no doubt, it is much
better adapted.'* The commercial value of such
an area in such a situation may be soon deter-
mined. The proposed accommodations include
sq. ft.
A Lecture Room, having an area of . . 1,575
Library C50
Room for Lecturers or Librarian . . . . 290
Ditto for apparatus . . .. .. 185
4
2,700
And 3 or 4 smaller apartments for servants, &c.
The more ample accommodation at Crosby Hall
would be : —
sq. ft.
Lecture Room, Ground Floor . . 2,000
Ante Room, &c., do.
South Gallery
Room over do.
North Gallery
Room adjoining do.
Library, Committee or Lecture Room
Lecturers' Room . .
Librarian's Room . .
Room over do.
Sq. ft. 6000
Exclusive of 2 houses, with shops, having 24-
foot frontage in Bishopsgate Street, and the
ancient vaulted cellarage beneath the premises.
Should you have an opportunity of entering
upon the subject with any impartial members of
the Gresham Committee, you will, I hope, induce
them to compare the advantages afforded by the
two localities. Setting aside all prepossessions in
favour of Crosby Hall, a spot so interesting to the
poet, the antiquary, and the historian, it must
be evident that the Royal Exchange would be
of all places the least appropriate for the site of a
college from its enormous comparative renta
and the unavoidable interruptions of a crowded
city. To carry into effect so incongruous a
union of the pursuits of commerce and of literature
under the same roof would be equally opposed to
good taste and good policy, and would be quite
at variance with the example, and with the
242
NOTES AND QUERIES. uis.ni. APRIL 1,1911.
declared intentions of the founder, as expressed
in his last will. Sir Thos. Gresham finished the
Exchange in Cornhill many years before his
death, yet so far was he from sanctioning any
scheme for locating the Professors at the Ex-
change, even as a temporary expedient, that he
Sostponed the execution of his fondly cherished
esign till his mansion in Bishopsgate Street
should be ready for his lecturers and their
audience. Ill would it become the present
trustees to act in contravention of his manifest
intentions by following the precedent, so generally
reprobated, of the last 70 years.
Your early attention to the enclosed will oblige
Yours ever affectionately,
M. H.
Gresham College was not brought back
to the Royal Exchange ; still more to be
regretted, it was not installed at Crosby Hall.
Instead, George Smith designed a building in
"the enriched Roman style of architecture,"
and it was erected by Baker & Son at a cost
of 7,OOOZ., where Basinghall Street enters
Gresham Street. Most readers will be
familiar with the interior, and few will
regret it's impending demolition. It has
no charm of association, and my most vivid
recollection of it will be the surprise and
barely disguised indignation of the porter
when I, as a singular member of the lecture-
endowed public, entered the door to hear
a discourse on algebra.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
CASANOVA IN ENGLAND.
(See 10 S. viii. 443, 491 ; ix. 116 ; xi. 437 ;
11 S. ii. 386.)
IN addition to the paragraph describing his
appearance before Sir John Fielding, which,
according to Casanova, was printed in
The St. James's Chronicle, circa January-
February, 1764, the newspapers of the day
should give us two further items of informa-
tion about the adventurer.
The furnished house in Pall Mall which he
rented for " 20 guineas a week " he dis-
covered, soon after his arrival in London,
through an advertisement in " the Adver-
tiser." It consisted of
"a ground-floor and three stories; each story
having two rooms in front, with a dressing-room,
which in London goes without saying ; and two
beds on each story. Everything in this house was
in perfect order — linen, furniture, carpets, glass,
china, as well as bells and door-plates. A large
cupboard contained all the necessary linen ; in
another was the silver, and several services of
china and earthenware. The kitchen was com-
pletely equipped with utensils, bright and in th&
best condition "—'Memoires,' vi. 349 (Paris,
Gamier).
It may be possible to identify this house by
a search through the advertisement columns
of The Public Advertiser during the latter part
of June, 1763.
Shortly afterwards, Casanova, feeling
lonely, put up a card in his window : —
"Second or third floor to let cheap, furnished, to-
a young lady, alone and free, who speaks English
and French, and who receives no visitors neither
day nor night."
Two days afterwards a copy of the card
with the following comment appeared in.
The St. James's Chronicle : —
" The owner of the second or third story probably
occupies the first. He should be a man of pleasure
and taste, for he wants a lodger, young, alone, and
free; and since she may not receive any visitor, it
is necessary that he should provide her with good
company. We fear, however, that the owner may
be deceived by his bargain, for it is possible that
this pretty girl may not rent the rooms to sleep in,
and that she may not occupy them more than once
a week ; also she can refuse, if she wishes, to-
receive the visits of her landlord." — 'Memoires7
(Paris, Gamier), vi. 389-90 ; * Memoires' (Brussels,
Rozez), v. 446.
We are told, moreover, that " three or four
parodies " of the incident appeared in " the
Advertiser " — ' Memoires ' (Paris), vi. 404,
433.
There is an interesting reference to the
extradition of John Rice, the forger, at
pp. 272-3, vol. vi. of Gamier' s edition ; but
the case was not sub judice, as the memoirist
suggests, for the fraudulent broker was hanged
on 4 May, 1763, five weeks before Casanova
arrived in England. The innumerable dis-
crepancies in the various editions of the
' Memoires ' are due obviously to the vagaries
of the editors, who have paraphrased the text
as fancy has led them. There is much need
for a new and complete edition, transcribed
from the original MSS. without alteration
or embellishment.
It is worthy of note that Casanova left
London for Dover with " Pauline " on
10 August, 1763, and crossed with her to
Calais, whence he set out for London on
12 August, since it fixes the date of many
incidents that he describes. Thus his
presentation to George III. at St. James's ;
his visit to Lady Harrington, whose residence
he indicates accurately ; the arrest of Therese
Cornelys for debt ; and the fall from his horse
when he was calling upon Miss Chudleigh at
Kingston, are all described as having taken
place before 1 August. Nevertheless, in the
present condition of the published memoirs
n s. in. APRII, i, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
243
we must not expect great precision in dates-
For instance, Casanova seems to indicate
that his letter of introduction was presented
at Lord Egremont's house shortly after his
arrival in London, but that the Earl was
then ill, and died " some days afterwards " ;
whereas this nobleman did not die until
21 August, when he was seized suddenly with
an attack of apoplexy.
The riot at Drury Lane when Garrick
apologized to the audience — see * Memoires '
(Paris, Gamier), vi. 369 — which must have
occurred before 15 September, 1763, for on
that day the actor left London on a tour to
Italy, puzzled MR. EDGCUMBE (8 S. xi. 43);
and I have failed to find any reference to the
affair in the newspapers .or magazines. Yet
the description is so elaborate that it is
difficult to believe that Casanova did not
witness the scene. On another occasion
when he mentions the same name his wonder-
ful memory appears to be quite accurate.
He tells us that Lord Pembroke introduced
him to two very pretty sisters named Garich
— ladies of the town — and no doubt he is
describing the two Miss Garricks, mentioned
by Capt. Edward Thompson in ' The Mere-
triciad ' as being famous courtesans in 1761 —
' Memoires ' (Paris), vi. 488.
The account of Lady Rochford's character
is endorsed by Walpole's * Letters ' and The
Town and Country Magazine, while that of
Lord Pembroke agrees perfectly with descrip-
tions in contemporary memoirs ; but Casa-
nova's judgment failed him in regard to the
Chevalier d'Eon, whom he declared to be
obviously a woman — ' Memoires ' (Parish
vi. 356.
The date of Casanova's presentation to
George III., which, as I have stated pre-
viously, appears from the ' Memoires ' to have
taken place before the middle of August,
cannot have been until after 16 October,
1763, as on that date the new French
Ambassador, the Comte de Guerchy, to
whom the memoirist owed his introduction,
landed in England (St. James's Chronicle,
15-18 October, 1763). Zuccato, the Vene-
tian Resident, who declined to present the
adventurer, remained in his office till August.
1764, when he was succeeded by De Vignola.
I have not been able to identify " The Star
Tavern" or "The Canon," visited by Casa-
nova ; and it would be interesting to know
if the names of Madame Binetti, dancer, and
Madame Calori, singer, appear, as according
to the * Memoires ' they must have done, in
the playbills of the Opera-House.
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
OLD LONDON BRIDGE:'
DEATH OF SIR THOMAS REMPSTON.
THE following document (presumably at one
time part of a proof of age of Thomas, Lord
Roos, who succeeded his brother in 1421)
seems worth printing as giving a graphic
account of the danger of shooting Old
London Bridge against a rising tide. The
protagonist was a knight of the Garter and
Constable of the Tower. The document
is in the Public Record Office, Miscellanea
(Chancery), Bundle. 68, File 12, No. 333 :—
" Die lune primo die Novembris anno regni
Regis Henrici quart! post conquestum octavo
datum fuit intelligi Galfrido Brook et Nicholao
Wotton vicecomitibus ciyitatis Londoniarum et
Thome Chaucer capital! pincerne et capital!
coronatori domini Regis in eadem civitate quod
quidam Thomas Rempstone miles jacuit momma
in parochia Omnium Sanctorum parva in warda
de Dowgate Londoniis videlicet super wharfham
vocatam Yerdeswharfe qui quidem vicecomites
et coronator accesserunt ad locum predictum et
invenerunt ibidem corpus predict! Thome jacens
ibidem mortuum ex alia morte quam morte
natural! prout eis prius datum fuit intelligi.
Super quo quidem visu prefati vicecomites et
coronator coram eis venire fecit [sic] . xij. probos
et legales homines warde predicte et trium
aliarum wardarum propinquarum prout mos est
et consuetude civitatis predicte videlicet per
sacramentum etc. Qui quidem Juratores dicunt
quod Thomas Rempstone qui ibidem mortuus
jacuit die dominica ultimo die Octobris anno
supradicto apud Powleswharfe in warda Castri
Bernard! posuit se ipsum ibidem in quandam
batellam cum suis servientibus ad remigandum
versus Turrim Londoniarum subtus pontem civi-
tatis predicte. Et idem Thomas sic remigando in
batella predicta ipse cum servientibus suis pre-
dictis, fiuxu aque tune temporis valide et con-
trarie existente, super quo famuli dicte batelle
vocati Botemen dixerunt eidem Thome quod ipsi
non audebant dictam batellam subtus pontem
predictum propter metum diet! fluxus et con-
trarietatis vent! remigare nee ducere, qui quidem
Thomas eisdem precipiebat ipsum ducere subtus
pontem predictum sub pena amissionis eorum
capitum, et sic ipsi famuli remigando dictam
batellam subtus dictum pontem invitis eorum
dentibus, contigebat dictam batellam transire
erga quandam pilam diet! pontis et dictus Thomas
hoc videns quod in periculo existebat posuit
manum suam super dictam pilam causa cujus
posicionis manus sue accidebat dictam batellam
revolvere et resupinam fore, et sic dictus Thomas
cum servientibus suis predictis in aquam ibidem
mergere. TJnde idem Thomas ibidem submersus
fuit et sic mortem suam cepit. Et ulterius dicunt
juratores predict! quod idem Thomas causavit et
causa fuit mortis sue predicte.
" Qui quidem Thomas Rempstone vicesimo
septimo die septembris ante obitum suum de
sacro fonte leyavit Thomam dominum de Roos
et sunt jam xx j. anni completi elapsi et amplius."
An account of Sir Thomas will be found
in the * D.N.B.' C. J.
244
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. APBIL i, 1911.
STOKE NEWINGTON PARISH REGISTERS.—
The work of transcribing and indexing th
Registers of the parish church of St. Mary
Stoke Newington, covering the years 1559
1812, has been recently carried out by Mr
Frank W. Baxter. A copy, consisting o
three volumes of transcripts and thre
volumes of indexes has been presented t«
the Stoke Newington Public Library fo
public use. The Registers of Stoke Newington
have been well preserved, and have sufferec
very slightly from the ravages of time
and present an almost uninterrupted recorc
from 1559 to the present day.
In addition to these, Mr. Baxter has pre
pared, and presented to the Library, a
transcript of the inscriptions on the tombs
and monuments and stones in the church
and churchyard, with key-plan and index.
The Library also possesses the collection
of books, prints, and portraits, and the
genealogical papers relating to the Romforc
and Barking district of Essex, bequeathec
by Mr. Edward J. Sage. The arrangement o:
these papers is now being carried out, anc
it is hoped that they will be available for
public use at an early date.
G. PREECE, Librarian.
' NICHOLAS NICKLEBY' : " POPYLORUM
•TIBI." — The discussion on Dickens's " She.Ua-
balah" (see ante, pp. 68, 111, 153, 231)
suggests the number of strange allusions
— many hitherto unexplained — which lend
an air of mystery to his stories. I believe
I was the first to expound the cabalistic
reference to Mr. Pickwick's portrait, which,
by the way, " he never wished to have
destroyed," or some phrase of the kind.
But I have never met the learned Pick-
wickian— say an LL.D. — who was troubled
in his mind by Mr. Mantalini's term of
.endearment " my Popylorum tibi" What
did it mean ? Only those familiar with the
Latin version of the ' Te Deum Laudamus '
oan supply it.
Where the eccentric Mantalini could have
picked up these distorted words we cannot
speculate : a more curious thing is it to
wonder where Boz could have heard this
bit of mediaeval Latinity, save at some
Roman Catholic chapel. Forster, it will
be remembered, mentions some curious
rumours that were abroad about this time.
But this, like so many things in Dickens's
writings, may be one of his " mysteries "
one of those little secrets which, like the
Blacking, mystery, he kept for his own strict
privacy. PERCY FITZGERALD.
Athenaeum Club.
BOZ AND DOMBEY AS FRENCH PLACE-
NAMES. — In the ' Guide Album de la Com-
pagnie des Chemins de fer P. L. M.,' 22mc
annee, 1910, p. 90, in the chapter ' De Dijon
a Lyon,' one may read : —
" En face, et de 1'autre c6te de la Saone, que
1'on suit toujours depuis Tournus, on aper^oit ]e
village de Boz."
This particular bit of the line is that between
Pont -de - Vaux - Fleurville station and
Senozan, the point being some 12 kilometres
north of Macon.
On the next page but one (i.e. p. 92), in
the description of Macon, is the following : —
" Signalons encore une maison en bois sculpt^
du XV e siecle, situ^e dans la rue Dombey."
The ' Album ' is a guide-book which one
always finds in the carriages of the " trains
rapides " between Paris and Marseilles.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
Avignon.
SAMUEL RUDDER. — An error in the
' D.N.B.' with reference to Samuel Rudder,
author of the ' New History of Gloucester-
shire,' 1779, may be worth noting. The
statement as to Cirencester having been
the place of his birth is incorrect, for the
mural slab in the Lady Chapel of Cirencester
Parish Church records that he was born at
Stout's Hill, Uley (Gloucestershire). This
ilab and the tombstone of his father Roger
died 30 August, 1771) give the date of
Rudder's birth as 24 December, 1726, but
Mr. W. P. W. Phillimore states that he was
Daptized (as Samuel Rutter) at Uley on
5 December, 1726, and that both inscrip-
ions must thus be wrong.
Buried with Rudder is his wife Mary,
•orn at Cranham, also in Gloucestershire,
n 13 December, 1724 ; she died 29 Decem-
>er, 1800. The slab also records the deaths
f three of their eight children.
ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
DR. ALEXANDER CARLYLE OF INVERESK.
— The new edition of the Autobiography of
Jupiter" Carlyle (1722-1805), which has
een brought out with many pdditional
lotes by an anonymous hand, is welcome,
ut it should be placed on record that the
tatements (p. viii) as to Dr. Carlyle' s
edigree are not quite accurate. He was
,6t the great-grandson of Lodowick Carliell,
he courtier and playwright (1602-75), but
7as a descendant of Lodowick' s elder
rother James (of Newpark, Annan). The
ditor does not appear to have consulted the
istory of the Carlyles of Bridekirk included
ii s. in. APRn. i, i9ii. NOT ES AND QUERIES.
245
in Nicholas Carlisle's family history
(London, 1822) or the life of Lock) wick
Carliell by Prof. Chas. H. Gray of Kansas
University (Chicago, 1905). M.
THE FRENCH CHAPEL IN LITTLE GEORGE
STREET, formerly Little King Street, Port-
man Square, was used for the last time
on Septuagesima Sunday, 12 February.
Founded in 1799 by the Abbe Bourret, and
originally dedicated to Notre Dame de
1' Invocation, it was the sole survivor of a
group of five French chapels founded in
London about this time, the other four
being Holy Cross in Soho ; the Holy Angels',
Fitzroy Square ; one in Somers Town (pro-
bably represented by St. Aloysius's, Claren-
don Square, still standing, but no longer
French) ; and St. Louis' in St. George's
Fields. When the last - mentioned dis-
appeared the chapel in Little King Street
seems to have taken the name of St. Louis.
It was the scene of two magnificent requiem
masses for the Duke of Montpensier, brother
of Louis Philippe, afterwards King of the
French, which were sung on Tuesday,
26 May, and Saturday, 6 June, 1807 ; and
of the still more magnificent obsequies of
Queen Marie Josephine Louise de Savoie,
consort of Louis XVIII. , King of France,
which took place on Sunday, 25 November,
1810. Accounts of these ceremonies may
be read in The Gentleman's Magazine.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
THE BROAD ARROW : THE KING'S MARK.
—An inquisition taken at Newcastle-on-
Tyne in the seventh year of Richard IT.
(1383) — P.R.O. Miscellanea (Chancery)
Bundle 72, file 4, No. 87 — reports how one
Richard de Welle, a deputy of the King's
Butler, seized a pipe of wine for the King's
use, and "in predicto celario intravit et
predictam pipam vini extrai [sic] fecit,
et signo Regio capiti sagitte consimili in
alta via signavit." C. J.
WASHINGTON : LAWRENCE.— MR. A. HILL,
of 3, Duke Street, Margate, having given
his name and address ('N. & Q.,' 12 Jan.,
1907), and invited communications on the
subject of the Washington pedigree in his
possession, I think the following items may
>e of some use to him and to others interested
in the family, occurring as they do in
localities where one would hardly expect
to meet with the name of Washington.
(1) From Calendar of Wills, Som. Ho.,
Peculiar Court of Dean of Sarum, Register 6
p. 267: "Washington, John, of Hurst,
Yeoman, will and inventory, 6 September,
1600."
(2) From Bishops' Transcripts of Parish
Registers, Dioc. Exon. : " Barnstaple, Bap-
tisms, 1614, April 25, George the son of
James Washington."
In view of the connexion between the-
Washington and Lawrence families, it
seems worth while to point out that about the
middle of the seventeenth century, when
Weekes' of the Honeychurch and Broadvvood
Kelly line* were living in Bideford, Francis-
Weekes being Recorder oi Barnstaple,
and Dr. John Weekes Rector of Shirwellr
near by,f a Martha Lawrence was associated
with John Weekes of BidefordJ ; while the
Rev. John had a daughter married to a
Norfolk gentleman, Mr. Fermour Pepys,f
Vicar both of Braunton and Bishops
Tawton, and a nephew Richard Weekes.
married to a Suffolk Catlyn,* whose mother
was dau. to — Lawrence, of co. Cambridge,
Esq.§ ETHEL LEGA- WEEKES.
' THE HULL ADVERTISER,' 1796 : EX-
TRACTS.— Some years ago (I cannot call to
mind how many) a friend lent to me a few
numbers of The Hull Advertiser of 1796.
I found on reading them several entries
which I thought good to transcribe. A few
of these I now send to ' N. & Q.,' as I am
under the impression that they may interest
some of its readers.
" Twelve millions of newspapers are now
circulated annually through the General Post
Office. Before the establishment of Mr. Palmer's
plan, the circulation was confined to two millions. "
—16 January, 1796.
A letter, which I regret to say I did not
copy, but which was signed Edward Topham
and dated Wold Cottage, 8 February, 1796,
related to a stone that fell thereon 20 Decem-
ber, 1795.
" The new Dutch colours differ from the old in
having a white jack in the centre of the red flag,
on which is depicted a virgin seated on a green
bank, holding in one hand a lance surmounted by
a cap of liberty, and resting the other on a
fascis of arrows. At her side is a lion, who also
grasps a lance, and turns his head round with
an air of menace." — 9 April, 1796.
" Longevity. — Old Mr. Ingall, Lady Webster's
butler, is still living at Battle Abbey, Sussex.
He is supposed to be the oldest man in Great
Britain, being in the 116th year of his age." —
16 April, 1796.
* ' Visitation of co. Devon,' Col. H. Vivian.
f MS. of Prince's ' Worthies,' at Thirlestaine
House, Cheltenham.
J Dockets of King's Bench, Coram Rege,
15 Ch. IT., Trin., 209 Devon.
§ Add. MSS. 19122, Davy's Suffolk Coll.,
Catlyn Ped.
246
• NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. AP^L i, 1911.
" The lamentable effects of terror have been
frequently recorded. We are sorry to add
another instance of its fatal power : — On Friday
morning a girl living at a public-house in Mill
Street, in this town, was seized with an illness
which threatened the most alarming conse-
quences ; to remove which, means were used
without effect, for she died early on Saturday
morning. — Thursday evening being what .Is <
called St. Mark's eve, the above girl in company
with two others sat up to observe a custom of
the most dangerous and ridiculous nature, which
they called watching their suppers ; in doing
which it is supposed this girl heard some noise,
or fancied she saw some object, which had «xiCh
A terrible effect on her mind as to produce the
fatal consequences above mentioned.. We "hope
her awful example will be a warning to the
thoughtless observers of such superstitions and
mpious practices." — 25 May, 1796.
" A letter has been received by Samuel Slan-
didge [?], Knt., Mayor of this town, from S. King,
Esq., acquainting him that 100 French emigrant
clergy may be expected to arrive at Hull shortly.
Their stay here will be short, as it is intended
to remove them further inland as soon as possible,
a seaport not being considered a proper place
for their permanent residence. During their
stay they will be supported by Government ; but
no doubt many particular cases will occur in
which the humanity and generosity of individuals
may be laudably exercised." — 3 September, 1796.
M. Y. A. H.
SHAKESPEARE AND GOODMAN. — The follow-
ing passage seems to refer to the " simple
•constable," Elbow, in ' Measure for Measure ' :
" The wittie Poet will braeke his iests on the
Constable ; but here is the mischiefe, his memorie
will serue him to remember and to reuenge this
iniurie and wrong." — Godfrey Goodman, 'The
Fall of Man,' 1616, p. 50.
This interesting book is noticed in ' N. & Q.,'
2nd and 3rd Series.
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
MARY TUDOR'S GRAVE. (See 7 S. xii.
125, 174). — In the chancel of S. Mary's
€hurch, Bury St. Edmunds, where the
remains of this royal lady rest, is a marble
tablet erected by the Rev. Dr. Symonds
in 1758, on which it is stated that she
was married to Louis XII., King of France,
in 1514, and to Charles Brandon, Duke of
Suffolk, in 1517. How can the mistake in
the latter date be accounted for ? The
second marriage was solemnized in France
and again in England within a few months
after the death of the king !
It is interesting to know that our late King
visited the church a few years since, and
recommended that a marble coping should
be put round Mary's grave, which is situated
at the north end of the altar. This has
been done, and &n inscription engraved
thereon. E. L. H. TEW.
Upham Rectory, Hants.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
* MATHEMATICAL TRANSACTIONS.' — I have
recently acquired "Numb. I." of a mathe-
matical periodical of small quarto format.
It is 'entitled Mathematical Transactions ;
consisting of Essays, Dissertations, Problems,
&c. Article I. (pp. 1-iO) is by. Mr. Samuel
Clark; Article II. (pp. 11-24) by Mr. Ely
Bates ; Article III. (pp. 25-30) by Mr.
William Chappie ; Article IV. (p. 31) by
"Mr. E." On p. 32 are six "questions"
"to be answered in the next number."
These questions were proposed by J. Smith,
P. Thompson, Ely Bates, E. Jones, 'Avro-
fjLariKos, and Analyticus. The cover and
other pages of this number, as well as
the 12 figures referred to in connexion with
the above-mentioned " Articles," are wanting
in my copy.
As Chappie and Clark were eighteenth-
century mathematicians, the periodical must
have appeared at that time. What was
the exact .date of its publication ? Who
was the publisher ? Who was the editor ?
How many numbers were published ? This
periodical is not referred to in the British
Museum Catalogue, in T. Wilkinson's
Mechanic's Magazine articles, 1848-53, or in
Dr. J. S. Mackay's ' Journalisme Mathe-
matique en Angleterre."
R. C. ARCHIBALD.
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
THESES BY PRINCIPAL ANDREW AIDIE.—
Not much is known of Andrew Aedie or
Aidie, " philosophise professor " in the
Gymnasium of Danzig, and afterwards third
Principal of Marischal College and Uni-
versity, Aberdeen. Mr. A. W. Robertson
in his ' Handlist of Bibliography ' mentions
two works by him, of which there are copies
in the British Museum : —
Pastoria in decem distributa eclogas. Dantisci'
1610.
Tractatus de noctuambulonum ingenio et natura.
Dantisci, 1610.
The Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, has
another, which is probably the ' De Ethica '
attributed to Aidie in ' Catalogues of Scotish
Writers,' p. 70 :—
Clavis philosophic moralis, sive in Aristotelis
Nicomacheia commentarius. Oppenheimii,
1614.
But copies of no fewer than thirteen theses
by Aidie are preserved either in the Stadt-
ii s. m. APRIL i, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
247
foibliothek of Danzig or in the Bibliothek of
Kirkwall ; and it may be as well to put
their titles on record.
Three are undated : —
1. De virtute heroica : resp. Severino Boner.
Dant
2. De statu democratico : resp. R. Dembicky a
Dembica. Dant
3. De tribus homileticis virtutibus : resp.
loanne Sovrenitzio. Dant
Those with dates are : —
i. De virtute moral! in genere : resp. Gregorio
Lago. Dant. 1610.
5. De fossilium et metallorum natura univer-
saliori -: resp. Georgio Martino. Dant. 1610.
6. De statu aristocratico : resp. Christophoro
Stroinowski. Dant. 1610.
7. De corporibus vivis irregularibus : resp.
Andrea Welsio. Dant. 1610.
3. De raagnanimitate et modestia : resp. Thoma
Adamo. Dant. 1611.
9. De temperantia : resp. Martino Barnero.
Dant. 1611.
10. De liberalitate et magnificentia : resp.
lohanne Burchardo. L)ant. 1611.
11. De fortitudine : resp. Johanne Paulo. Dant.
1611.
12. De magistratu : resp. Davide Mylio. Dant.
1612.
13. De subiecto et accidente : resp. Thoma
Servieno. Dant. 1612.
I shall be grateful for a note of any other
theses sustained under Aedie's presidency,
or for any further details of his career. The
only other document known to me is printed
in Maidment's ' Analecta Scotica,' ii. 337 :
** Petition of Andrew Adie to King James
VI.," undated. P. J. ANDERSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND DREAMS. —
I find the following book is attributed to
Franklin. What proof is there that he was
the author ? I have searched the cata-
logue of Henry Stevens' s Franklin Collec-
tion, but it is not there : —
L'Art
De se Rendre Heureux
Par les Songes
C'est adire en se procurant telle espece
de songes que Ton puisse desirer confor-
mement a ses inclinations
Franefort et Leipsic
MDCCXLVI
It is foolscap 8vo, with xvi+238 pp.
Brunet, Barrier, and Ch. Nodier all assert
that the volume is " fort rare."
C. ELKIN MATHEWS.
Vigo Street, VV.
PHILOLOGICAL SCHOOL. — I should feel
very grateful if any of your readers who
may possess records of the early days of
the Philological School would communicate
with me.
The school was founded, under the title of
" The Philological Society," in 1792 by Mr.
Thomas Colliiigwood of St. Edmund Hall,
Oxford, and with him were associated
William Wilberforce the philanthropist,
the Rev. Basil Woodd, and Sir Rowland
Hill. G. S. BEECHING, Major.
3, Castlebar Crescent, Baling, W.
TALMAN AND JOHN WEBB. — According
to Walpole's ' Anecdotes of Painting,'
" Mr. Talman had a quarto volume containing
drawings in Indian ink of capitals and other orna-
ments in architecture which John Webb had
executed in several houses. '
If anything is known of this volume, I shall
be glad to hear about it.
B. T. BATSFORD.
94, High Holborn, W.C.
JOHN MURRAY I. AS AN AUTHOR : COL.
ROBERT GORDON. — The reissue of Smiles's
' Publisher and his Friends ' serves to
remind us that John Murray, the founder
of the famous house in Albemarle Street,
was an author, inasmuch as he wrote " two
letters to The Morning Chronicle in defence
of [Col.] Sir Robert [Gordon], who had been
censured for putting an officer [Col. Keating ?]
under arrest at the siege of Broach,"
November, 1772. " The colonel's brother
Gordon of Gordons town " thanked Murray,
as also did the Colonel himself on 20
August, 1774. Can any reader tell me in
what issues Murray's letters appeared ?
Either they or some others were written
by Murray over the signature of "Junius
Asiaticus." Smiles is wrong in calling
the cclonel " Sir " Robert. Sir Robert
Gordon of Gordonstown died 2 June, 1776,
and was succeeded by his brother Sir
William. Col. Robert Gordon made his
will on 16 August, 1776, and left his entire
estate to " William Gordon, brother of Sir
Robert Gordon of Gordonstown." The
colonel may have been an illegitimate
brother of these two baronets. Can any one
solve this mystery ? J. M. BULLOCH.
118, Pall Mall, 8. W.
MOFFETE FAMILY. — My grandfather,
Samuel Moffete, went to Russia in the time
of the Czar Alexander II., and served in the
Russian fleet as an admiral. All my relations
in Russia are dead, and I should like to find
out whether I have any relatives still living
in England. My uncle, who is also dead
now, used to say that our family had many
ramifications in England. I shall be glad
of any information on the subject.
(Mile.) V. MOFFETE.
Maison Russe, Men ton, France.
248
NOTES AND QUERIES. cii s. m. APRIL i, 1911.
LOCKHART ON DANTE. — Has Lockhart's
warm appreciation of Dante, written on his
last visit to Rome (Lang's ' Life,' ii. 403),
ever been printed ? W. E. A. Ax ON.
' DISCORD,' A SATIRE. — Who was the
author of this poem, published; in 1773 ?
He is said by Nichols to have been " a writer
of the first celebrity."
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
WHITE LION OF THE HOUSE OF MARCH. —
Planohe in his ' History of British Costume,'
under the heading of Edward IV., writes : —
" The collar of suns and roses, to which was some-
times appended the white lion of the house of
March, was given by Edward IV. to his adherents,
and is seen on many effigies of this period."
Planche gives two figures — those of the
Countess of Arundel at Arundel and that of
Sir John Crosby in the church of Great
St. Helen's, London. Hollis in his 'Monu-
mental Effigies' gives a collar of suns and
roses with a sejant lion worn by Sir R.
Harcourt, K.G., at Stanton Harcourt, Oxon.
Can any reader help me to another
instance ?
The effigy I am studying has a" pendent
beast which is extraordinarily like the
Golden Fleece, but for all that I am sure it
is the white lion of March.
EDWARD LAWS, F.S.A.
BELL INSCRIPTION AT FALMOUTH : JEAN
FRANQOIS LAVATJD. — The following inscrip-
tion was recently discovered on the bell in
the tower on the stables of " Marlborough,"
Falmouth :—
MESSIRE JEAN FRANCOIS LAVAUD THRESORIER DE
FRANCE
BAHRAIN DAME MARIE MIDAUD MARRAINE 1738
Poulange :,
Between the inscription and the word
" Poulange" is a cross standing upon a rock.
The bell looks like a ship's bell, and
might possibly have been taken by Capt.
James Bull (1739-1821) or Capt. John Bull
(1771-1851).
Perhaps some campanologist can tell me
something about the bell arid what the in-
scription means. WILLIAM BULL.
BISHOP KEN. — Bishop Ken's father,
Thomas Ken, of Furnival's Inn, Holborn,
was married twice. His first wife was Jane,
daughter of Rowland Hughes of Essendon,
Herts ; his second Martha, daughter of
Ion Chalkhill of Kingsbury, Middlesex. In
the family pedigree he is said to be the eldest
son by the first wife, but his biographer,
the Rev. W. L. Bowles, considers him to be
the youngest son by the first wife. Izaak
Walton's wife Anne is often styled Ken's
half-sister, which is not correct if the
Bishop was son of the first wife. Most
of Thomas Ken's children were baptized
at St. Giles's, Cripplegate, their names and
the dates of their baptism being subjoined :
1626. Jan. 1. John, son of Thomas Kenn, gent.
1628. June 28. Martha, daughter of Mr. Thomas
Kenne, gent.
1629. Feb. 23. Mary, daughter of Thomas Kenne,
gent.
1631. March 26. Margaret, daughter of Thomas
Kenne, gent.
1632. July 10. Hyon, son of Thomas Kenne, gent.
1635. April 14. Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas
Ken'e, gent.
1638. Aug. 17. Mary, daughter of Thomas Ken,
gent.
1640. March 16. Martin, son of Thomas Ken, gent,
Buried.
1639. Dec. 7. Mary, daughter of Thomas Ken, gent.
1640. March 19. Martha, wife of Thomas Ken,
gent.
Three children mentioned in the pedigree
were not baptized here, namely, Anne
(afterwards Mrs. W^alton), Jane, and Thomas.
At what date was Thomas Ken married to
his second wife ? If this can be ascertained,
it will be known which wife was mother
of the Bishop. The 19th of March was
the bicentenary of the death of Bishop Ken.
L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
[The ' D.N.B.' under Bp. Ken says that his mother
was the second wife of his father. Under John
Chalkhill it says : " It is worthy of note that
Walton married Ann Ken, a sister of Bishop Ken
and daughter of Thomas Ken, an attorney, by his
first wife. This Thomas Ken married a second
wife, Martha Chalkhill."]
' THE HOUSE OF Too MUCH TROUBLE,'
POEM. — The end of this poem is as follows :—
In the house of too much trouble he is happy and
at rest ;
In the house of too much trouble, with a rose upon
his breast.
Who is the author of the poem ?
E. F. B.
' THE REFUGE,' 1808. — Could any readei
kindly supply me with the name and calling
of the author of a little book entitled ' The
Refuge ' ? The volume was printed by
C. Whittingham of Goswell Street in 1808,
and is by the author of 'The Guide to
Domestic Happiness.' P. G. B.
CORSETS AND TIGHT LACING. — Can any
of your readers inform me of trustworthy
books on this question ? Is it known
whether men or women wrere the first to
subject themselves to tight lacing ? The
Egyptians practised it. Dr. Arthur Evans
n s. 111. APRIL i, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
249
in his excavations in Crete seems to prove
that it was the fashion 4000 B.C. The only
book that I know which gives much infor
mation on this subject is ' The Corset anc
Crinoline,' by E. L. Lloyd, published aboul
1857 ; but this does not give much help
until the pericd of the Middle Ages. Planche' s
' Cyclopaedia of Costume ' has a short para-
graph only.
Please reply direct.
HENRY WALKER.
Park House, Wortley, near Sheffield.
FISHING IN FRESH WATER IN CLASSICAL
TIMES. — Can any of your readers kindly
inform me whether there is any allusion,
in either Latin or Greek literature, to fishing
in fresh water with rod or line ? I know
there are allusions in Greek to sea fishing,
but I am not aware of any to lake or river
fishing. W. RADCLIFFE.
Windhara Club, S.VV.
SIR JOHN BUDD PHEAR : REV. JOHN
JAMES RAVEN, F.S.A. — Reference is sought
to any oil paintings or engravings of the
above : the former was an Indian Judge and
Chairman of Devon Quarter Sessions ; the
latter a distinguished campanologist.
Please reply direct.
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A., F.S.A.
78, Church Street, Lancaster.
MAJOR JAMES RUSSELL MAD AN. — Can
any correspondent kindly inform me whom
this gentleman married ? Born in 1701, he
joined the army, and in February, 1741,
was gazetted Major in the Royal Regiment
of Horse Guards. During some fifty years
he was Yeoman of the Robes to George II.
and III., and died 30 November, 1788,
leaving one daughter, Penelope Madan, who
died in 1807. Kindly reply direct.
ALAN STEWART.
23, Willingdon Road, Eastbourne.
CHARD : ARMS IN THE ABBOT'S ROOM. —
There is a coat of arms emblazoned at the
foot of the bedstead in the Abbot's room
at Chard. Can any one tell me what families
were represented by the six quarterings of
this coat ? Would the quarterings repre-
sent successive abbots, or benefactors ?
If not, who was the original owner ?
C. J. W.
' A WHITE HAND AND A BLACK THUMB '
was a tale which appeared in All the Year
Round many years ago. Had it any
foundation of fact, or was it based on
imagination ? Who was the writer ?
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
LATIN HEXAMETERS BY
MACHINERY: JOHN PETER,
(11 S. iii. 168.)
IF MR. BRESLAR turns up 9 S. ix. 273, he
will find that I there mentioned an
" ingenious method of making Latin verses
by machinery of which an account was
given at least twenty years ago in an English
magazine," and suggested Chambers' s
Journal. On p. 12 of the next volume the
late MR. MICHAEL FERRAR referred me to
Bailey's dictionary (1727) sub voce 'Hexa-
meter,' where six ' Versifying Tables for
Hexameters ' are given with full directions.
While still in Australia I came again on
the article I hftd remembered. It is entitled
' Latin Versification for the Million,' and
appeared in Chambers' s Edinburgh Journal,
vol. xiii., New Series, in the number for
30 March, 1850. From this the following
extracts are taken : —
"A few years ago (1845) considerable interest
was excited in the London circles by the public
exhibition at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, of a
machine, constructed, I believe, by the celebrated
erman mechanician, Prof. Faber. This machine,
when set in motion, composed Latin hexameter
"ines or verses of faultless prosody. The lines were
lot, as might be supposed, an unmeaning collection
of dactyles arid spondees, arranged according to
rule, similar to what are termed in some of our
classical schools nonsense verses ; but each line con-
eyed a meaning in good grammatical Latin."
"Amusing myself lately by examining an old
arithmetical school-book [a foot-note says : " Arith-
metic. In Two Parts. By Solomon Lowe. London:
749"] I found a note that a certain 'John Peters
Sep. 29, 1677)' had 'distributed' the letters of some
l<atin words into tables, and 'entitled the piece
Artificial Versifying ; whereby any one of ordinary
capacity though he understand not one word of
1/atin, may be taught immediately to make hexa-
meter and pentameter verses — true Latin, true
verse and good sense ' ! Who or what John Peters
was I do not know, neither have I met with any of
lis writings, but from the clue obtained, I, with a
ittle trouble, succeeded in arranging the following
ables, by which any one who merely knows the
etters of the alphabet, and can reckon as far as
line, may make good and correct Latin hexameter
ind penta meter verses. This no doubt reveals the
ecret of the machine previously alluded to, it
icing highly probable that these or similar tables
were used in its construction. I have neither in-
genuity nor any acquaintance with mechanical art,
till I cannot help surmising that the machine was
Constructed on the principle of the barrel organ ;
the tables being arranged on barrels, in a similar
manner as notes of music are set on the barrels of
that not very melodious instrument."
250
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. APH.L i, mi.
The tables of letters given in Chambers* s,
though closely resembling those of John.
Peter (not Peters, as in the magazine),
are not absolutely identical in detail.
The writer does not fully indicate the nature
of the " clue " which he obtained from the
' Arithmetic.' I have examined Solomon
Lowe's book (' Arithmetic in Two Parts,'
Lond., 1749). On p. 39 he gives this pro-
blem : " What number of hexameter and
pentameter verses, may be made out of the
following lines [i.e., groups of words] ? "
Then follow six groups of nine words each
for the hexameter, and five other groups
of nine words each for the pentameter. To
construct an hexameter any one word is
taken from the first of the six groups. Five
other words are then added, one from each
of the following groups. The result is a line
that will scan, and that contains sense of a
sort. The pentameters are formed by a
similar method from th.e words in the other
set of groups. The answer to the problem,
to quote Solomon Lowe, is :—
" In the Hexameter there being 6 lines [= groups
of words] and 9 words in each line, the square cube
of 9 gives 531441. In the Pentameter there being
5 lines and 9 words in each line, the sursolid or 5th
power of nine gives 59049. In all 590490."
As the author of the article in Chambers' s
points out, this does not include all the
varieties which might possibly be constructed
with these words. Solomon LoM'e continues :
" N.B. To give this feat an air of mystery the
author, John Peter (Sept. 29, 1677), distributed
the letters of these words into tables And to
strengthen the paradox he called the piece Artificial
Versifying," «fcc.
The work of John Peter bears the follow-
ing title : —
" Artificial Versifying | A New Way | To Make |
Latin Verses. | Whereby | Any one of Ordinary
Capacity, | that only knows the A. B.C. And can
count 9 I (though he understands not One Word of
Latin, | or what a Verse means) may be plainly
taught | (and in as little time as this is reading over)
how to make Thousands of Hexameter and Pen-
tameter Verses which shall be True Latine, True
| Verse and Good Sense. | The Second Edition. |
Wherein the Old Structure of Hexameters is quite
| taken do\vn, and in its place a more Compact One
| raised ; to which is adjoyned a New Model of
Pen- | tameters | By the same Hand of John
Peter^~oj^rWs." (London, printed by T. J.
fur John Sims, 1678.)
The licence is dated October 15th, 1677.
At the end cf the booklet is an advertise-
ment of the author's almanac for 1678. The
' D.N.B.' ignores John Peter. The B. M.
Catalogue describes him as " physician."
It will be seen that this verse-making by
machinery resolves itself into ringing changes
on a limited number of words. Each lino
is complete in itself. Verses in any tongue
could be constructed on the same principle.
Those who gird at the practice of verse -
writing in a " dead language " have no
occasion here to blaspheme. It is difficult
to see what connexion there can be between
a machine to illustrate a mathematical
problem such as the above and an automaton
chess-player. With regard to the latter,
is not one alleged automaton known to have
concealed a living person ?
EDWARD BENSLY.
There are some pretty full accounts of the
process of making Latin hexameters by
machinery at 1 S. xii. 470 ; 2 S. i. 57 • viii
5H. W. C. B.
On p. 37 of vol. vii. of The Illustrated
London News (19 July, 1845) is an account,
with an illustration, of " The Eureka," a
machine " for composing Hexameter Latin
Verses," then being exhibited at the
Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly. The account is
too long to quote, as it would take about
three columns of ' N. & Q.' DIEGO.
[MB. ALECK ABRAHAMS and U. also thanked for
replies.]
WARWICK LANE AND ITS HISTORICAL
ASSOCIATIONS (11 S. iii. 121, 193).— MR.
WILLIAM MERCER'S interesting reply does
not convict me of error. In stating that
after Warwick's death on Barnet Field "all
the honours and possessions of the NeviJls
fell into the hands of the ill-fated Clarence,"
I referred to the hereditary estates of the
Nevills. It is not clear from MR. MERCER'S
reply .whether the manors mentioned by
him were comprised in the Tibetot or
Montacute estates. The latter formed the
inheritance of Alice, sole daughter and heiress
of Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury,
who was killed at the siege of Orleans in
1428. Alice Montacute inherited from her
father the baronies of Montagu and Mon-
thermer, and married Richard Nevill, third
son of Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, who w&s
created Earl of Salisbury by patent in 1442
and was beheaded in 1460. His eldest son,
the Earl of Warwick, possessed, jure matris,
the baronies of Montagu and Monthermer,
which on his death fell into abeyance
between his two daughters — Anne, who
married firstly Edward, Prince of Wales,
and secondly King Richard III., and died,
leaving no descendant ; and Isabel, the wife
of George, Duke of Clarence, whose issue
inherited the right to the baronies. Most,
n s. in. APRIL i, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
251
if not all, of the Montacute property came
into the possession of Alice's third son, John
Nevill, who was summoned to Parliament
as Baron Nevill of Montagu in 1461, and
created Marquis of Montagu in 1470. After
his death on Barnet Field in 1471, he was
succeeded by his son George, who had been
created Duke of Bedford in 1469, but was
degraded from all his dignities in 1477. On
his death without issue in 1483, the Monta-
pute possessions came into the hands of his
five sisters, as coheiresses of their father, the
first Marquis of Montagu.
The Tibetot property was shared between
the three sisters and coheiresses of John
Tibetot, Earl of Worcester, the second of
whom, Joan, married Sir Edmund Ingalde-
thorpe or Inglethorpe, as shown by MB.
MERGER. Their daughter Isabella married
John Nevill, Marquis of Montagu. This
property, of course, had nothing to do with
Richard, Earl of Warwick.
W. F. PRIDEAUX.
THACKERAY'S NOSE (11 S. iii. 162).—
The following from The Westminster Gazette
of 10 March would appear to throw a fresh
light upon this interesting discussion : —
" Many years ago an intimate friend of Thackeray
told me that in the fight with Venables the nose
was injured, but not seriously. The accident by
which Thackeray was disfigured for life took place
at St. Cloud, when he was living in Paris. There
was a picnic, and the party were riding upon
donkeys, when Thackeray's animal suddenly
stopped, and he was thrown headlong on a heap of
stones by the side of the road."
CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athenaeum Club.
' YOUNG FOLKS' (11 S. ii, 450, 511 ; iii.
34, 71). — May I return hearty thanks to
those of your readers who have replied to
my query ? I may mention for the benefit
of those interested that Messrs. Henderson
are reissuing in penny parts most of the
" giant stories " of Young Folks under the
series title of " Young Folks Tales."
WM. GIFFORD HALE.
THE FIRST PERFORATED POSTAGE STAMPS
(11 S. iii. 183). — I am just old enough to
remember (and I think I do remember)
the old sheets of unperforated stamps. A
terrible nuisance it must have been, cutting
them off. Perforation, so obvious now,
was in its day a brilliant discovery. I re-
member about forty years ago a lady telling
mo the origin of the discovery. She said
that a hunting man, about to start out,
had to stamp a letter. Having neither
knife nor scissors handy, he thought of
trying the rowel of his spur. He ran it
along a stamp, perforating the edge, and
tore it off. This, at any rate, was her story.
D. O.
I can remember the first coming of the
postage stamp, which, after " a lick to the
back," you put on the letter and hit it hard
with the ball of the hand to " make sure "
that it would not drop off. People were
very choice over using the " Queen's yeds,"
as most folks called them, and asked for
them at the shop which was the post office
in any village of size. To ask for and get
"a Queen's head" was not the work of a
moment OP two, for the stamp had to be
cut with extreme care along the lines, it
being held to be something that would have
to be " answered for " if the stamp was
damaged in any way, or " stuck on the
wrong way up." I remember how carefully
the old lady used to handle her scissors and
the sheet of stamps as she served one with
" a Queen's head," and how carefully she
affixed it for those who did not feel equal
to doing so.
When the perforated stamps came, they
tore off so badly that scissors were used for
a long time to detach them from the sheet ;
and at the town post offices the clerks would
first crease a row along the perforations, to
make them tear off the easier.
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
TERRACE (11 S. iii. 207).— At 10 S. v. 186
I cited a mortgage bearing date 20 August,
1782, by which the brothers Adam assigned
as security for a loan houses on the " Royal
Taras." This is evidently the first name
by which Adelphi Terrace was identified, and
the first terrace erected in London. It would
be of interest to ascertain if during Garrick's
residence at No. 4 (1772-9) his house re-
ceived in his correspondence any other indica-
tion than " in the Adelphi."
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
Adelphi Terrace, " facing the Thames,
the second on the right in Adam Street,
from 73, Strand," is given in Lockie's
' Topography of London,' 1810. Whether
it was called Adelphi Terrace before this
I cannot say. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
Lambeth Terrace, behind Lambeth Palace,
is marked on ' A New and Accurate Plan of
London,' &c., published by Laurie &
Whittle in 1796. It seems to have formed
part of the present Lambeth Road.
H. J. B. CLEMENTS.
Killadoon, Celbridge.
252
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. ATBH. i, IMI.
Highbury Terrace, Islington, a fine row
of good houses, still bears the date 1789
on the central house. Colebrook Terrace,
Upper Street, Islington, and Cloudesley
Terrace, Liverpool Road, are, I believe,
both older. MABIA POOLE.
Norwich.
" Terrace " was certainly used in its
present sense of a row of houses as early as
the first decade of the last century. In a
map of Bath, published in 1810 in a work
entitled * A Guide to Watering-Places,'
e,t the north - east corner of the city is a
thoroughfare with houses on both sides
called " Walcot Terrace." In the same
book (p. 403) is a view of the " Terrace,
Southend," of which the author writes :
" The Terrace, which is commonly called
New Southend, being built on a considerable
eminence," &c.
Pennant's use of the word refers, I think,
rather to the ground on which the houses are
built than to the houses themselves. In his
' London,' 1793, p. 147, he says : —
" Durham Yard is now filled with a most magni-
ficent mass of building, called the Adelphi Before
the front to the Thames is a terrace commanding a
charming view to the river."
By 1828 the word in its modern sense had
become well established, largely in connexion
with the new rows of houses encircling what
had been Marylebone Fields, now dignified
by the name of Regent's Park. In Elmes's
' Metropolitan Improvements,' 1830, there
are a number of views of " Terraces " in this
neighbourhood bearing date 1828, most of
which are still in existence, Carrick Terrace
being, I think, the single exception.
WM. NORMAN.
Plum stead.
John Nash, a well-known architect, laid
out Regent's Park and most of the Terraces
in that neighbourhood, such as York Terrace,
Hanover Terrace, Cumberland Terrace, &c.,
in 1811. A. H. ARKLE.
Thomas Faulkner in his ' History of
Hammersmith,' 1839, writes '(p. 342):—
"Hammersmith Terrace is a pleasant row of
houses, built about the year 1770, with an elevated
terrace behind, the gardens of which form a private
promenade for the inhabitants, and it commands
fine views of the opposite shores of Surrey."
On p. 363 he writes :—
"The handsome row of houses called Theresa
Terrace was built about 1780, by Theophilus
Walford, Esq., who named them [sic] after his
daughter, Theresa."
Hammersmith Terrace still^retains an old-
world charm (see 11 S. i. 250) ; *but Theresa
Terrace, which was on the south side of the
main road called King Street, gave way
some years ago to a forlorn row of shops.
In his ' History of Kensington,' published
in 1820, Faulkner mentions " Kensington
Terrace, a neat row of houses," but does not
give the date when it was built.
FREDK. A. EDWARDS.
Hammersmith, W.
According to Craig's plan for the new
town of Edinburgh, projected about 1770, a
canal was to be made through the North
Loch, and the northern bank of it to be laid
out in terraces.
I find the following passage in ' The
Traveller's Companion through the City of
Edinburgh,' published by Alexander Kiu-
caid in 1794, p. 65 : —
"Nowhere in Britain can we find such a beautiful
terrace as that of Prince's Street, or George's for
elegance ; and Queen's Street for the sublimity of
its prospects."
W. S.
[MR. W. SCOTT also thanked for reply.]
ENGLISH MATHEMATICAL DIARIES (11 S.
i. 147). — Since my query on this subject was
published I have discovered a number of
facts which seem worthy of preservation.
1. As remarked, Hutton's edition of the
' Ladies' Diaries ' was published in five .
volumes under the title ' Diarian Miscellany.'
The date on the title-page of each com-
pleted volume is 1775. This date is, how-
ever, misleading, as portions of the mathe-
matical volumes, at least, were published
as early as 1771. The number of pages in
each of Hutton's five volumes is as follows :
I., 364 pp. ; II., 392 pp. ; III., 424 pp. ;
IV., 396 pp. ; V., 364 pp. According to
an edition in the British Museum, the first
three volumes were issued in fourteen parts,
of which the dates and pagination were : —
No. I., July, 1, 1771, pp. 1-60; No. IT.:
Nov. 1, 1771. pp. 61-120 ; No. III., Feb. 1,
1772, pp. 121-80; No. IV., May 1, 1772,
pp. 181-252 ; No. V., Aug. 1, 1772, pp. 253-
324 ; No. VI., Nov. 1, 1772, pp. 325-64 ;
No. VII., March 1, 1773, pp. 1-140; No.
VIII., July 1, 1773, pp. 141-248 ; No. IX.,
Nov. 1, 1773, pp. 249-392 ; No. X., March 1,
1774, pp. 1-72; No. XL, July 1, 1774.
pp. 73-168 ; No. XII., Nov. 1, 1774, pp. 169-
288 ; No. XIII., March 1, 1775, pp. 289-372 ;
No. XIV., July 1, 1775, pp. 373-424.
There are no covers bound in with Vols.
IV. and V. of this British Museum copy, and
I suspect (although I did not think to
make the verification at the time I inspected
the work) that the reason is that Vols.*IV.
us. in. APRIL i,i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
253
and V. were published within the same
covers as Vols. I., II., III., but with different
paging. (The fourteen numbers of Ley-
bourn's Mathematical and Philosophical
Repository and Review were issued in this
way, 1796-1804.) Will some one please
refer to the Museum copy to verify the
surmise ? However this may be, Nos. I.—
VI. were published at Is. 6d. each, and Nos.
VII.-XIV. at 2s. each.
Another point to remark is that the above
fourteen numbers may be classed as a
periodical publication, since the work is not
merely a " reprint of selected portions," as
MR. ANDERSON states (11 S. ii. 347). On
several of the covers the editors' names are
fiven as " Chas. Hutton and others."
he mode of collaboration is announced in
* The Ladies' Diary ' for 1771, p. 96. In
reprinting the Diaries
" it is intended to preserve every person's name and
performance sacred and entire ; but, where they
will admit of correction or Improvement, it will be
done by way of Notes at the Bottom of the pages:
and in this department he [Mr. Hutton] shall be
glad of the Hints of every ingenious gentleman
whose name shall be annexed to such Remarks as
he may furnish, unless he desires the contrary."
2. In my query I also referred to the
' Diarian Repository ' published in 1774
"by a Society of Mathematicians." On
the cover of No. II. of the ' Diarian Miscel-
lany,' Hutton speaks bitterly of the publica-
tion of No. I. of the ' Diarian Repository,'
and refers to the editor as " Mr. S. Clark or
A Society of Mathematicians." The ' Re-
pository ' was, therefore, also issued in
numbers between 1771 and 1774. What
are the dates of these numbers ?
3. My first list contained "The Gentle-
man's Diary or Mathematical Repository,
1741-1800. Ed. by T. S. Davies. 3 vols.
London, 1814." Instead of " Ed. by T. S.
Davies," I should have put " Davis' s
edition." The publishers of Vol. I. were
Davis & Dickson, of Vol. III., A. Davis
& Co. This work also seems to have been
issued in parts, as the following note occurs
in Vol. III. : " Communications for the
improvement of the earlier and future parts
of this work and corrected solutions will be
thankfully received." R. C. ARCHIBALD.
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
MATHEMATICAL PERIODICALS : C. HUT-
TON'S 'MISCELLANEA MATHEMATICA ' (US.
ii. 347, 434).— Although I cannot give MR.
ANDERSON the information he wishes, I have
no doubt but that it may be found on the
covers of the XIV. numbers of the « Diarian
Miscellany ' to which I have referred above.
I also should be glad iff some one who hp,s
access to this work would publish the dates
thus found. I venture the guess that the
first number of the Miscellanea Mathe-
matica appeared in 1771 and that Lowndes'
remark, which MR. ANDERSON quotes, is
correct. R. C. ARCHIBALD.
AUTHORS or QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
ii. 408, 512). — Nothing like the words /ccu/aw
SovAevetv TOVS SoKoiWas apxeiv, mentioned
by MR. PIERFOINT as attributed to Thu-
cydides. can be found in Bet ant's * Lexicon
Thucydideum,' 1843. I do not believe that
the expression occurs in Thucydides.
In an epigram by Palladas (end of the
fourth century A.D.) in the ' Palatine
Anthology,' ix* 441, relating to a statue of
Hercules which has been cast down from its
place, Hercules is made to say, Kou/ato
OovXevetv KCU 0ebs &v fyaOov, "Though a god,
I have learnt to obey the times."
FINGLAN.
PARISH FORMATION (11 S. iii. 88, 175).—
The origin of parishes is dealt with in
Southey's 'Book of the Church,' 1825,
which will probably be found to be the most
readable popular account. Holland has en
article, given in Hearne, on the ' Antiquity
of Parishes.' ' A Book of the Names of all
Parishes and Market Towns in England and
Wales ' was published in 1677.
With regard to Scottish parishes, &n
examination of the ' Origines Parochial es
Scotise,' 1850-55, 3 vols., published by the
Bannatvne Club, is indispensable.
w. s. s.
PENSIONERS IN THE LONG PARLIAMENT
(11 S. iii. 103). — Those who desire fuller
information on this subject than that given
by MR. J. C. RINGHAM from The Universal
Magazine of January, 1750, may usefully
refer to J. C. Hotten's reprint (' Sarcastic
Notices of the Long Parliament,' 1863) of
the excessively rare pamphlet, published in
1660, called ' The Mystery of the Good Old
Cause briefly unfolded. In a Catalogue of
such Members of the late Long Parliament,
that held Places both Civil and Military,
contrary to the Self-denying Ordinance of
April 3, 1645.' Readers with Cromwellian
leanings will find a congenial antidote in the
' Flagellum Parliament arium,' also reprinted
by Hotten, but originally published by J. B.
Nichols in 1827 from the Lansdowne MS.
805 in the British Museum. The ' Flagel-
lum ' consists of sarcastic notices of nearly
two hundred members of the first Parlia-
ment after the Restoration, 1661-78.
254
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. HI. APRIL i, 1911,
But the most interesting, to my mind,
at least, of all these lists is
"A | Catalogue | of the | Lords, Knights, | and
Gentlemen that have com- | pounded for their
Estates. | London, | Printed for Thomas Dring at
the signe | of the George in Fleetstreet neare |
Cliffords Inne. 1655."
W. D. Fellowes in his ' Historical Sketches
of Charles the First, Cromwell, Charles the
Second,' &c. (Murray, 1828), reprints this
little book in an appendix : he considers it
very rare. According to the amounts given
in the ' Catalogue,' a copy of which lies
before me as I write, the total received from
those who compounded was 1,305,299Z. 4s. Id.
Fellowes states that the grand aggregate of
the money raised by the Commonwealth from
1640 to 1659 was no less than 96,608,3932.
18s. 6%d. JOHN HODGKIN.
QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD : FELLOW IN
1625 (11 S. iii. 149).— The only Edmond
in the list of Fellows here to whom COL.
FYNMOBE'S query could apply is Edmundus
Shepherd or Shepharde, who entered the
College as batler in Easter Term, 1612,
" plebei films," a native of Cumberland,
aged 16. He was nominated Dudley
Exhibitioner of Oriel 2 July, 1614, but, as
was usual with Dudley Exhibitioners, con-
tinued at Queen's, where he was elected
taberdar 2 July, 1615, resigning his exhibition
on the following 12 October. He proceeded
B.A. 7 February, 1615/16, and M.A. 21 June,
1619. He was Lecturer in Grammar in the
College, 1618; elected Fellow 26 October,
1620, and was " magister puerorum " or Dean
in 1623. He continued Fellow till his
death. His will was proved in Oxford
21 November, 1625. JOHN R. MAGBATH.
BETHLEM ROYAL HOSPITAL (11 S. iii. 167).
— In ' Calendar of State Papers,' 10 Decem-
ber, 1618, p. 601, is recorded a commission
to examine into a complaint that " Thomas
Jenner, Governor of Bethlehem Hospital for
Lunatics," was " not qualified for his
office, and unskilful in medical art."
R. J. FYNMOBE.
The painting by Hogarth of Bethlem
Hospital, Moorfields, was exhibited at the
British Institution in 1814. It was then the
property of" a Mr. Jones. Its present where-
abouts is not known.
Might not the pictures of Fox and Burke
be discovered by consulting Wright's ' Works
of James Gillray,' London, Chatto, 1873,
or Gillray' s ' Caricatures, Political and
Social,' edited by Wright and Evans,
London, 1851 ? S. W. S.
The REV. E. G. O'DONOGHUE may be
interested to know that the Rake in Bedlam
— " moody manners laughing wild amid
severest woe " — was included in the Progress
series staged at the " Old Surrey " Theatre
in April, 1838. In November of the year
following " Old Bedlam " was again in the
play bills, as a scene in ' Jack Sheppard,'
adapted by J. T. Haines from Harrison
Ainsworth's novel. R. A. H. UNTHANK.
GOODBETEB : ITS LOCALITY (11 S. iii.
167).— Is not "Mecksfyld" intended for
Mexfield ? There is a Mexfield Road in
Putney. L. L. K.
May not " Goodbeter " be merely a mis-
print for Gloucester ? According to an
Itinerary of 1798, it appears that about
two miles beyond Marshfield, on the Bristol
highway, a raad struck off to Gloucester.
It is unnecessary to suppose that the traveller
never turned aside while on the way to
Brist )1. O.
THOMAS HARE (US. ii. 509 ; iii. 72).—
In the " parentelse," or lists of minor can-
didates for election into College, for 1738
and 1739 Thomas Hare is described as the
son of Thomas Hare of Boston, New England.
Probably this was a mere temporary address,
for in the admission of the son to Trinity
College, Cambridge, in 1743 the father is
described as of London. G. F. R. B.
THOMAS COBYAT AND WESTMINSTEB
SCHOOL (11 S. iii. 29, 72).— There is 110
record at Westminster of Coryat having
been at the School, for the admissions of
that date are not in existence. Croker
in his edition of Boswell's ' Johnson' (1831,
vol. ii. p. 170, note) asserts that Coryat was
educated at Westminster, but does not
give any authority for the statement.
G. F. R. B.
WILLIAM JOSEPH LOCKWOOD (11 S. iii.
29, 97). — Before this query was sent to
' N. & Q.' information was sought from the
family, and they suggested that ' N. & Q.'
should be consulted. The full name of the
Westminster boy stated to have been " shot
blind " was William Joseph Lockwood,
and Burke, I am informed, is incorrect in
calling him William only. G. F. R. B.
MATTHEW PBIOB'S BIBTHPLACE (11 S. iii.
47^ 91). — in the ' Admissions to the College
of St. John the Evangelist in the University
of Cambridge,' part ii. p. 92, it is stated that
" Dorcestr." was altered by a later hand
to " Middlesexiensis."
n «. in. APRIL i, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
255
With regard to the date of Prior's birth,
it is as well to note that he is described as
" setatis suse 17 " at the date of his admis-
sion, 2 April, 1683. His father is described
as " generosus," a term which surely would
not have been applied to a joiner.
G. F. R. B.
ALIEN PRIORIES : THEIR CHARTULARIES
<11 S. iii. 167).— In ' N. & Q.' for 16 Jan.,
1909 (10 S. xi. 57), an account appeared of
the dispersal of the collection of deeds
belonging to the Abbey of Fecamp in Nor-
mandy. The abbey was all but destroyed
in the Revolution, but the title-deeds, and
MSS. containing the receipt for the famous
** Benedictine," were saved, and are pre-
sumably in the muniment room of the dis-
tillery at Fecamp, along with numerous
charters, giving or confirming properties
possessed in England by the monks. The
manors of Brede and Steyning in Sussex
were given by Edward the Confessor to the
Abbey of Fecamp. In * A Calendar of
Documents, preserved in France, illustrative
of the History of Great Britain and Ireland,'
by Round, much information relating to the
English estates of the French religious
houses may be found. A. L. F.
MR. ROWE will find, I think, full informa-
tion in ' Bibliographic Generale des Cartu-
laires Fran$ais ou relatifs a 1'Histoire de
France,' by Henri Stein, published by A.
Picard & Fils, Paris, in 1907. T. C.
Has MR. ROWE consulted the large revised
edition of Dugdale's ' Moiiasticon Angli-
canum,' which prints chartularies in many
cases ? He might also consult the Abbe
Gasquet's book on ' English Monastic Life '
in Methuen's series (with bibliography) ;
and the Patent Roll Calendars for Inspexi-
mus of the charters, which often embody
a charter not otherwise obtainable.
D. M.
In 1779 John Nichols printed and pub-
lished ' Some Account of the Alien Priories,
and of such Lands as they are known to
have possessed in England and Wales [col-
lected from the MS. of John Warburton
and Dr. Ducarel by J. N., i.e., John Nichols].'
Copies of the same book were reissued in
1786 with a now title-page, on which the
authorship was more definitely stated. To
John Warburton (1682-1759) credit must be
given for this work, though the volumes were
revised and seen through the press by A. C.
Ducarel and Richard Gou'gh, both of whom
added valuable notes, and Gough contri-
buted a Glossary (see Nichols's ' Literary
Anecdotes,' vol. vi. p. 631).
In the Public Record Office ' Lists and
Indexes No. 5,' pp. 403-21, there is given
a very extensive list of documents relating
to alien priories which are preserved in the
P.R.O., and the names of the places to which
they relate. See also Scargill-Bird's * Hand
book to the Records,' 3rd ed. (1908), p. 95 :
and compare with the note on p. 80 of Walter
Rye's * Records and Record Searching,' 2nd
ed., 1897, in which he refers to the Reports
of the Deputy Keeper in which lists of alien
priories are given. In Dugdale (Bandinel's
edition), vol. vii. p. 935, there is a list of a
hundred and twenty or more alien priories.
A. L. HUMPHREYS.
187, Piccadilly, W.
An article on ' Alien Priories of the Isle
of Wight,' published in The Archaeological
Journal, 1872, vol. xxix., may perhaps afford
some of the information required. An article
entitled ' Dominican's Priory, Bristol,'
which appeared in the Proceedings of the
Archaeological Institute, 1851, may also be
named. S. S.
"SEEKERS," RELIGIOUS SECT (11 S. iii.
207). — Perhaps the information required
will be found in one of the Thomasson
Tracts — E. 620 (6) — with the title, "A
Sober Word to a Serious People ; or, a
moderate discourse respecting as well the
Seekers (so called) as the present Churches,
wherein the difference between them touching
the administration is discovered and dis-
cussed. . . .by a Lover of Truth and Peace,"
1651. In the British Museum Catalogue,
under ' Anabaptist ' — at the press-mark 669.
f. 8/27 — is a broadside explaining their
position. A. RHODES.
If MR. WILLCOCK refers to the ' Dictionary
of Sects, Heresies,' &c., edited by the Rev.
J. H. Blunt (Rivmgtons, 1874), p. 550, he will
find a short account of this " sect of Puritans,
which were afterwards merged in that of
the Quakers, who professed to be seeking for
the true Church, Scripture, Ministry, and
Sacraments," where a passage is quoted from
Baxter's * Life and Times,' p. 76.
F. W. BAXTER.
There are brief accounts of the sect in
the Rev. James Gardner's * Faiths of the
World ' and Dr. Brewer's ' Historic Note-
Book.' J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
256
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. APRIL i, 1911.
In point of time the Seekers preceded the
Quakers. They were, however, entirely dis-
tinct from the Quakers, comprehending men
of every shade of belief, Protestant, Roman
Catholic, and even infidel. The Quakers were
at first called " Seekers " because they with-
drew from the communion of ever^ visible
Church to " seek the Lord in retirement."
After the rise of Quakerism the original
" Seekers " became known as Ranters. There
are numerous references to the original
" Seekers," but no very full or clear account
of them. See ' Baxter's Life and Times,'
Barclay's ' Anarchy of the Ranters,' and
* The Life and Death of Sir Henry Vane,'
1662.
For an account of religious sects during
the Commonwealth, perhaps the American
edition of Neal's ' History of the Puritans,'
published in 1844, and bringing down the
history to 1688, might be helpful. O.
INDEXES LOCORUM TO PRINTED PARISH
REGISTERS (US. iii. 186). — Indices Locorum
are printed to all the issues of the Parish
Register Society, and the Register Societies
of Durham and Northumberland, Salop,
Bucks, and most other county societies.
W. BRADBROOK,
Hon. Sec. Bucks Par. Reg. Soc.
The Lancashire Parish Register Society
has published 36 volumes of registers, and
in every one of them is an Index of Places
as well as of Names, and in nearly all there
is a third Index, entitled ' Trades, and
Miscellaneous Entries.'
The last index is found to be of great
value, enabling the reader to see at a glance
any peculiar entries without wading through
the volume. By means of this index you
can find out what were the trades or occupa-
tions of the people of the parish and stray
entries often of local interest. The follow-
ing few samples from one small register
(1606-1701) will illustrate this: Fustian
weaver, milner, plumber, schoolmaster, Sir
(parson), right of way acknowledged, god-
parents, nativities cast, nicknames, &c.
HENRY FISHWICK.
The Heights, Rochdale.
Countless literary workers, including the
undersigned, would warmly welcome the
general adoption of the practice of includ
ing place-names in parish-register indexes,
although a shortsighted policy se< ms hitherto
to 'have banned them as irrelevant. The
circumstance that registers are usually
printed in the interests of genealogists is not
an adequate answer to the present com-
Dlaint, for every pedigree worker will admit
:hat names associated with given localities
often possess a significance they totally lack
when occurring in a distant county without
any intimation of locality. Hence much .
valuable information is, for practical pur-
Doses, lost sight of, or non-existent, for
ack of topographical indexes. I am aware
that many registers are issued without
'ndexes of any kind, the extra expense being
no inconsiderable matter in connexion with
what are usually unrermmerative under-
takings. But in those cases where printed
registers are accompanied by indexes, I can
scarcely conceive that the question of the
small additional outlay operates to the ex-
clusion of place-names, preferring to believe
that it is partially a matter of unfortunate
precedent, and partially ignorance of the
really high importance of such a feature.
Personally, I have spent many days, that
might otherwise have been saved, in perusing
printed registers in search of topographical
references. If this correspondence should
lead to an amendment in future register
indexes, there will be something to bo thank-
ful for. A. STAPLETON.
39, Burford Road, Nottingham.
ATREBATUM (11 S. iii. 189). — Atrebatum in
Belgia is Arras, which was formerly in the
province of Flanders.
LUDWIG ROSENTHAL.
Munich, Hildegard Str. 14.
PLAISTOW AND ITS PRODUCTS (11 S. iii.
208). — The verses inquired for by MR.
GLENNY appeared in The London Magazine
for January, 1734, and are signed " Quin-
tillanus Icenus." They are printed in full in
the fourth edition of my ' Old Plaistow.'
Except as a description of Plaistow in the
eighteenth century, they have no value.
J. SPENCER CURWEN.
JORDAN NOT A TYPE or BAPTISM (11 S.
iii. 184). — Perhaps the connexion in thought
between Jordan and baptism is partly
explained by the words in the English
Baptismal Office immediately following those-
referring to the passage of the Red Sea. Iii
the 1549 book they run : ' " And by the
baptisme of thy welbeloved sone Jesus Christ,
thou diddest sanctify the flud Jordan, and aT
other waters, to this mistical washing away
of sinne." In modern editions the sentence
is altered to "by the baptism. . . .in Jordan
didst sanctify water." There may be some
n s. in. APRIL i, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
257
alliance between this thought and that of a
fina.1 purification by the passage, in faith, of
I the cold stream of death. R. H.
Stamford Hill.
Does not the prominence given to the work
t of St. John Baptist in the Gospels, together
with the wonders attending the story of the
i baptism of Jesus, bear materially upon this
, subject ? It is a familiar fact that water
\ brought from the river is much sought after
i for baptismal purposes by Christians in
many parts of the world.
I have looked from the battlements of
j Tabor, Bohemia, founded by the blind
general Jan Zizka, upon the large Hussite
baptismal pond styled "Jordan," in accord-
ance with the prevailing fondness for
Scriptural appellations. Near by is the
pretty valley where the misguided Adamites
attempted to establish a " garden of Eden."
FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.
Streatham Common.
" No GREAT SHAKES "(US. iii. 129, 173).
—The following is from James Smith's
* Next-Door Neighbours ' ( ' Memoirs and
Comic Miscellanies,' 1840, vol. i.) : —
" Who are the comers next to Blakes ? "
"At Number Four ?'*- " Yes." " No great shakes,
Sad junketings and wastings.
I saw the play in ' Days of Yore,'
He acted Hasting^ in ' Jane Shore,'
And she Jane Shore in ' Hastings.' "
Smith, who died in 1839, appears to have
been an industrious collector of " Ame-
ricanisms," to judge from his satire entitled
* The Land of Promise.'
R. L. MORETON.
Barrere and Leland (' Dictionary of
Slang,' vol. ii. p. 213) have a long note on
the probable origin of " no great shakes."
Quoting from Dr. A. Smythe Palmer, the
note says : —
" It is probable that shakes here is identical with
the provincial word shake, to brag, which must be
•of ancient usage, as we find ' schakare, or cracker,
or boost maker, jactator, philo-compus' in the
'Promptorium Parvulorum, about 1440 Thus
no oreat shaken would mean nothing to make a noise
or brag about. Otherwise we may look for it in the
provincial shakes, a bargain, comparing Danish
•skakkre, to peddle, or huxter ; Icelandic skakka, to
balance."
The note goes on to state : —
"It has also been suggested that no great shakes
may possibly be attributed to the expression to
tt&ge the elbow, i.e.., to play at dice, thus, no great
shakes, a bad throw."
The references adduced for the use of the
phrase in the dictionary are all of them
modern. T. S. R. W.
MEG DODS AND ' THE COOK AND HOUSE-
WIFE'S MANUAL' (11 S. iii. 209). — The
writer of this cookery book was Mrs. Christian
Isobel Johnstoiie (1781-1857), whose bio-
graphy is to be found in the 'D.N.B.' Her
husband was proprietor of The Inverness
Courier, and the book was " originally
written at Inverness, chiefly to keep The
Inverness Courier press going." It was much
the most popular of her works, and went
through several editions in her lifetime.
M. A. M. MACALISTER.
" Mistress Margaret Dods of the Cleikum
Inn " was the pseudonym of Mrs. Christian
Isobel Johnstone, novelist, the wife of John
Johnstone, who for a time, with her assis-
tance, edited The Inverness Courier. See
Halkett and Laing (who call her " Christina
Jane Johnstone"); Anderson's 'Scottish
Nation,' vol. iii., Supplement ; and a
characteristic note in Scott's ' Journal,'
edited by Mr. David Douglas, p. 344. Sir
Walter had nothing to do with ' The Cook
and Housewife's Manual.'
W. SCOTT.
Halkett and Laing state that the authoress
was Mrs. Christina Jane Johnstone, but the
' D.N.B.' gives her name as Mrs. Christian
Isobel Johnstone. The ' Manual ' was pub-
lished in 1826. R. A. POTTS.
[MR, W. E. A. AXON also thanked for reply.]
" STICK-IN-THE-MUD " (11 S. iii. 106, 175)
— This expression is also quite common in
Ireland, meaning a dullard or slow-coach.
I fancy that the meaning of a number of
these old expressions could be better solved
in Ireland than even in England, owing to
the fact that the former is still an agricul-
tural country and goes slower.
DUNMURRY.
[The Aihenceum has recently on one or two
occasions, when reviewing books dealing with the
English used in different parts of Ireland, called
attention to the survival of old English words
and phrases in the language of the Irish peasants
of to-day. But we think the phrase in question
is in use everywhere in England.]
[MR. N. W. HILL is thanked for reply.]
" ROYAL BLUE" OMNIBUSES (11 S.iii. 189).
— It appears that the " Royal Blues " were
originally called the " Eagles," and were
painted green. They ran from the "Com-
passes " at Pimlico to Blackwall, via Picca-
dilly, and were owned by a Mr. John Clark.
According to Moore's ' Omnibuses and
Cabs' (1902), p. 48, the owner was driving
one of his omnibuses by Hyde Park Corner
when suddenly Queen Victoria approached
258
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. A™L i, mi.
on horseback. Though the road was
partially blocked, he succeeded in pulling
out of the way, and the Queen, in acknow-
ledgment of his skill, bowed to him as she
rode by. In commemoration of this incident
Clark had the omnibus painted blue, substi-
tuted " Royal Blue " in the place of " Eagle "
on the side panels, and had a picture ot the
Queen on horseback painted on the panel of
the door. Subsequently he celled all his
omnibuses on that line Royal Blues, " but
the original ' Royal Blue ' was the only one
that tore a picture of the Queen."
G. F. R, B. '
The 'buses of the L.G.O.C. that ran
toi the east down Bethnal Green Road
formerly found a terminus at *' The Salmon
and Ball " at the corner of the Bethnal
Green and Cambridge Roads, opposite to
St. John's Church. About 40 years ago, as
the Company did not extend the journey,
some enterprising individual or company
ran a line of 'buses which continued eastward
down Green Street, over Twig Folly Bridge,
to " The Earl of Aberdeen " in the Roman
Road, Old Ford, at the corner of the Grove
Road. This line of 'buses was called the
" Royal Blue." The L.G.O.C. naturally
had to lengthen their run to compete with
the " Royal Blue " vehicles. The sympathy
of the public was for many months with the
Blue 'buses, and I as a small boy well remem-
ber the juvenile population occasionally
gathering in small crowds round a " Blue "
when it stopped to pick up or set down in
Green Street, and crying out " Hurrah,
Royal Blue ! " and cheering.
There was also running at the same time a
" Royal Red" line of vehicles. I believe
that these distinctions disappeared years ago.
WILLIAM BRADBROOK.
JJletc.hley.
THORESBY PEDIGREE (11 S. iii. 188). —
The ' Notes ' by Mr. A. S. Ellis are in the
Thoresby Society's " Publications," vol. ix.
pp. 112-25.
A Thoresby pedigree, in which the point
raised in Dr. Round's foot-note is" referred
to ...appeared in Miscellanea Genealogica et
Heraldica, September, 1910. G. B.
ARISTOTLE ON EDUCATION (11 S. iii. 107).
— See ' Physics,' I, 7, 7 : Tiyverai <$€ ra
aTrXw? ra jaev /xcTacr^^/xaTtVet, oiov
!K Y/iAKOv, TO, 8e Trpocr^ecret, oibi' TO,
av^aro/xcva, ra 8' a</>cu/3ecr€f, olov e/c rov XiOov
o 'Epp'js, and ' Metaphysics,' II. 5, 6, IV. 7, 8,
VIIT. 6, 2. The application to the process of
education is Addison's, and is not 'attributed
by him to Aristotfe. A Greek prose version
by Sir R. C. Jebb of part of The Spectator,
No. 215, will be found in Jebb, Jackson, and
Currey's * Translation?.'
EDWARD BENSLY.
University College, Aberystwyth.
Cicero makes use of the same illustration
in the second book of ' De Divinatione,'
chap. xxi. ; see the passage beginning,
" Quasi noil potuerit id evenire casu et non
in omni marmore necesse sit, inesse vel
Praxitelia capiti ! " to the end of the
chapter. ,N. W. HILL.
The idea of the statue existing already in
the block of marble, and only needing to be
cut out, is attributed by Prof. Raleigh
(' Style,' p. 62) to Michael Aiigelo. It
occurs also in Donne. : —
As perchance carvers do not faces make,
But that away, which hid them there, do take ;
Let crosses, so, take what hid Christ in Thee,
And be His linage, or not His, but He.
' The Cross' (" Muses' Library," i. 168).
C. C. B.
[MR. W. SCOTT also thanked for reply.]
VANISHING LONDON : PROPRIETARY
CHAPELS (US. ii. 202, 254, 293, 334 ; iii.
149, 193). — ! recollect St. Etheldreda's
Chapel, Ely Place, when the upper portion
was used for worship by a Welsh Episcopal
congregation, and the crypt was utilized as
a cellar for storing beer by Reid's Brewery.
This was in 1875. The late Father Lock-
hart purchased it for the Fathers of Charity
the . following . year. Cardinal Manning
opened it with Pontifical High Mass in 1877.
FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.
RICE FOR THE COMPLEXION (11 S. iii. 189).
— The habit of eating raw rice for the com-
plexion is fairly common among girls, and I
have known more than one case of serious
injury to the health result. Undoubtedly
rice so eaten does whiten the complexion by
inducing anaemia, but it can scarcely be
said to improve it. C. C. B.
Fifty years ago, at any rate, the girl in »
village who had naturally a pale com-
plexion was FJI object for envy amongst £v
bevy of ruddy village lasses, and the least
sensible of them ate such things as raw rice
and chalk in order to make them pale.
Many of the girls carried rice in their-
pockets, and crunched all the day long.
Chalk was considered to be as effective, but
less tasty. I do not think the practice is
now common. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
ii s. in. APRIL i, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
259
0n
The First Duke and Duchess of Ncwcasile-upon-
Tyne, By the Author of ' A Life of Sir Ken elm
Digby,' ' The Life of a Prig,' &c. (Longmans
& Co.)
THE work before us is extremely interesting, but
can by no means be regarded as an adequate
biography of two illustrious persons who have
never had justice done to them. When we look
back on the past, it is plain that inferior, and indeed
sometimes worthless, people have frequently been
commemorated, while those of high character have
been left in shadow.
The first Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was the
most important commander in Charles I.'s army,
and the series of his victories would, it is almost
certain, have been crowned by another triumph
on Marston Moor if Cromwell had not taken the
matter in hand and inflicted a decisive defeat on
the Royalists. Before hostilities began the Duke
(only then an Earl) had served the King in many
ways, as well as entertaining him and the Queen
at his seats of Welbeck and Bolsover, incurring
expenses which were very great. *At the beginning
of the Civil War, or, to speak more accurately,
before it actually broke out, the King sent the
Earl to Hull as governor. This, one would have
thought, had historic order been kept, would
have been recorded previously to the crushing
defeat at Marston Moot, but in the present
volume chronological sequence is often not
regarded. There is no doubt that, if the work
before us had been compiled with strict regard
to dates, many things would have been dwelt
upon before that great Puritan victory was
reached.
The Duke of Newcastle was the commander of
the Royalist party, and Fairfax that of the Parlia-
ment, in the North of England. In many ways
Fairfax had the advantage, not only as being a
Yorkshireman of old and respected family, but
also a soldier of some experience, he having
served with an English army abroad, while the
Duke of Newcastle had never seen military
service.
The first wife of the Duke died on 17 April,
1043. She was succeeded by Elizabeth, Lady
Lucas, whose marriage took place in December,
1645. The Duke had fled to Holland almost
immediately after the battle of Marston Moor.
He was much blamed by many of his own party
for going abroad, but it seems, when we weigh
all the circumstances, the wisest thing to have
done ; for if he had fallen into the hands of the
Parliamentarians, it is almost certain he would
have been put to death. It was not until after
Hit- battle of Naseby, when Cromwell had gained
ift-cat influence, that mercy for the Royalist
commander would have been taken into con-
sideration.
Newcastle did not return to his native country
until the Restoration, and during his long absence
he suffered much from poverty. Sometimes,
indeed, it seems to have been well-nigh impossible
for him to supply himself with money, although
he visited at intervals Paris, Amsterdam, Ant-
werp, and, we believe, other places. His second
vrife possessed funds of her own, with which she
could relieve him, at least for a time ; but
creditors became more and more importunate, and
it was absolutely necessary that her husband's
brother Charles should accompany her to England,
where the sum of two hundred pounds was
raised, and arrangements were made regarding
the estates which were in the long run satisfactory.
During the whole period of the Duchess's exile
Queen Henrietta Maria, it seems, assisted the
Duke and Duchess by gifts of money, though
there is no evidence of the various amounts.
The conduct of the Duke, upright man as he
was, must have been very irritating to all who
tried to assist him. for difficult as it proved on
many occasions to get even a fitting supply of
food," he was too passionately fond of horses to
practise economy. On one occasion, when money
came in freely, he is said to have had in his
possession eight of these animals, and we believe
he had always a pair at least. His love of them
induced him to write a valuable book on horses
and horsemanship, which probably brought in no
inconsiderable amount of money, as editions were
published in London, Paris, and Nuremberg in
both English and French. This is the work
he is chiefly known by, but he wrote four comedies
and much else, the greater part of which was
published in the volumes containing the numerous-,
literary productions of the Duchess.
After the Restoration, except at the very
beginning, the Duke and Duchess seldom went
to Court ; their tastes were far removed from
what was to be seen and heard there. Both loved
rural life and were devoted to letters ; and, as
has already been said, the Duchess was a prolific-
author. It has long been the custom to treat
her writings with contempt, an opinion which we
hope will soon be much modified. We have read
only a portion of her work, but from what has
come before us, we believe the whole to be more
important than some things that have taken
high rank in recent times.
During the turbulent days of the earlier part
of the great Civil W7ar, the Hothams, father and'
son, attracted much notice. The author draws
attention to a letter written by Sir John Hotham
in October, 1642, to William Lenthall, which is
both interesting and amusing : —
" Upon Sunday night last, as the neighbours
of Sherborne tell our men, they [the Cavaliers ]>
drew certain forces out of York to have set upon
my son's men at Cawood. When they came in
Sherborne, a village three miles from Cawood,
they espied a windmill, which they took for
my son's colours marching to meet them, and
certain stooks of beans for his men in order ;
whereupon they returned in more haste than they
came."
It has been usual in modern times to con-
demn both the elder and the younger Hotham.
We are sorry for this, as we believe that both
desired to do well for their country, though on
more than one occasion they may have trans-
gressed military law. It seems, therefore, that the
execution of the father and the son, if not a crime,
was a serious error. The whole affair should be
carefully examined. It is not impossible that,
if this were done, it would be found that both of
them were anxious to bring about peace on terms
satisfactory alike to Cavaliers and Parliamen-
tarians.
260
NOTES AND QUERIES. ui s. in. A™, i, ion.
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Mr. William Glaisher's April Remainder Cata-
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Messrs. Maggs's Catalogue 266 is devoted to a
remarkable collection of autograph letters and
MSS. Among Rulers, Princes, and Court
Favourites are Anne of Denmark, Mary of
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parte (the mother of Napoleon), the Stuarts, and
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there are choice items under Byron, Coleridge,
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350/. A remarkable copy of ' Pickwick,' all the
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Messrs. Henry Young & Sons' Liverpool Cata-
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Stevenson's Works handsomely bound ; Gerarde's
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English Plays,' 15 vols., 1874-6, 81. 8s. There
are works under Ancient Religions and Aldine
Press. The sixth edition of Chaucer, full morocco,
1687, is 10Z. 10s. ; and Scott's edition of De Foe,
20 vols., Talboys, 1840-41, 121. 12s. There are
first editions of the Brownings ; specimens of
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[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
:ior can we advise correspondents as to the value
>f old books and other objects or as to the means of
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries ' "—Ad ver-
:isements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
ishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
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To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer arid
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
3ut in parentheses, immediately after the exact
leading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
T. P. ("The world forgetting, by the world
'orgot ").— Pope, ' Eloisa to Abelard,' 1. 208.
ii s. m. APRIL 8, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
261
LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL S, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 67.
NOTES :— Gabriel Harvey's Letter-Book, 261 — A Welsh
Printing Society, 263— Black Hole of Calcutta: Henry
Lushington— " Long home "—An Indian Aerial Post, 265
— Colley Gibber's ' Apology ' — " Anon " — Genealogical
Society of Great Britain— Ananias as a Christian Name-
Horses taken to Church—" O.K. " : New Explanation, 266.
QUERIES :— Cobbett at Kensington — ' Nine Tailors of
Tooley Street,' a Skit— Mediaeval " Oberammergaus "—
Percival Banks— Sir Richard Hotham : Mary H. Chol-
mondeley — Reynolds's Pocket-Books — Man in the Iron
Mask Dramatized— Pitti Gallery Portrait— ' Hamlet' in
1585— ' Pickwick ' Difficulties— Spurgeon's Knowledge of
Greek, 267 — Samuel Rogers and Disraeli's Baptism —
Catherine Hyde— John Bagnall— Cambridge University
Costume Plat«s— T. Lea and Brandon, Duke of Suffolk -
The Grange, Shropshire— Pheasant Penny, 268— Tony
Lumpkin and his Uncle — Machyn's Diary — City Lands :
Ancient Tenure — Rosamond Spong— " Vexation gives
understanding" — Mansel Bransby — W. Bressey — A. Brett
—"Put a beggar on horseback "—" Never swap horses
when crossing the stream " — " Skolpyne " — Boothby
Family Quarterings, 269.
REPLIES :— Murder on Gad's Hill in 1661, 270— 'A Voice
from the Bush '— " When she was good "— " Mouner," 271
— Thomas Jenner of Ascot— 'Guide for the Penitent' —
Roeites of Calverton— J. Pigott : J. Power— "Teapoy" :
"Cellarette,"272 — Long Barrows and Rectangular Earth-
works—Unicorn on Royal Arms, 273 — Authors Wanted —
4 Renascence,' 274— H. M.S. Pactolus— C. F. Henningsen
and Kossuth — Departed Hero and the Sun's Light —
"Probability is the very guide of life "—Magpie's Death,
275— Stage History — Capell= Warner — Indexes Locorum
—'Big Ben'— Walker of Derry, 276 -Lady O'Looney's
Epitaph—' The Prick of Conscience '—Harvest Supersti-
tions, 277— Macaulay's Allusions— Last Mail Coach—
D'Israeli of Dublin-Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 278.
NOTES ON BOOKS :— ' The House of Lords during the
Civil War '—Reviews and Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
GABRIEL HARVEY'S LETTER-BOOK.
GABRIEL HARVEY'S ' Letter-Book ' (MS.
Sloane 93) was edited for the Camden Society
by Mr. E. J. L. Scott, and printed in 1884.
Those who know the book will remember
the curiously minute account which Harvey
gives of the dishonourable pursuit of his
sister Mercy by a young nobleman. The
latter has not, I believe, hitherto been
identified, though, as Mr. Scott remarked,
there are materials for an identification.
He is called " Milord A. S." (fo. 74 b) ; he
signs a love-letter " Phil." (fo. 83) ; he
has an aunt " Mieladie of W." (fo. 72 b) ;
he is married ; and he is living about Christ-
mas, 1574, within a few miles of Saffron
Walden.
The person who satisfies these conditions
is Philip Howard (b. 28 June, 1557), at that
time called by courtesy Lord Surrey, in
spite of the attainder of his father, Thomas,
Duke of Norfolk, in 1572. Through his
mother, Lady Mary Fitzalan, he was heir
to his grandfather, Henry, Earl of Arundel,
whom he eventually succeeded in 1580.
By a covenant made previously between
Henry, Earl of Arundel, and Thomas, Duke
of Norfolk (G. E. C.'s 'Peerage,' 1887,
p. 153), it was provided that after Philip
had become Duke of Norfolk, his son and
heir apparent should be called " the Earl
of Arundel and Surrey" (the former of
these titles, as the older, having precedence).
Although Philip in the lifetime of his
grandfather, Lord Arundel, had no claim
to be called anything more than Earl of
Surrey, Harvey's " Milord A. S." no doubt
is due to Philip's eventual right to the
Earldom of Arundel. A sister of Thomas,
Duke of Norfolk, was Jane, wife of Charles
Neville, Earl of Westmorland.
Philip was married at the age of 14, in
1571, to Anne, daughter of Thomas, Lord
Dacre of Gillesland, stepdaughter to his
father the Duke of Norfolk, who had taken
as his third wife, in 1567, Lord Dacre' s
widow. The Duke's second wife — whom
he married in 1558, and who died in 1563 —
was Margaret, sole heir of Thomas, Lord
Audley of Walden. Through this marriage
Audley House or Audley End* came to be
the home of the Duke of Norfolk, though
it belonged in fact to his eldest son by this
second marriage, Thomas Howard, who was
restored in blood as Lord Thomas Howard
in 1584, and created Lord Howard de Walden
in 1597, and Earl of Suffolk in 1603. I
imagine that, even after the Duke of Nor-
folk's death, his family continued to occupy
Audley House, and that Philip, Lord Surrey,
and his young wife were living there in 1574
with his stepmother (his wife's mother), and
his stepbrothers and stepsisters by his father's
second and third marriages.
Lord Surrey was perhaps already studying
at Cambridge. The University conferred
the degree of M.A. on him under special
conditions in 1576 (see Cooper's ' Athenae,'
ii. 188). There is a portrait of him after
Zucchero in Lodge's ' Portraits.' Both he
and his wife eventually became Roman
Catholics, and their sufferings for their new
faith are matter of history. That such a
man should have played in his youth the
part which the ' Letter-Book ' assigns him
is at least curious.
* The great house known as Audley End was
not built till later.
262
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. APRIL s, 1911.
I append a list of cases in which I respect-
fully differ from Mr. Scott's reading of his
MS. or the errors of his printer. I have
put my points in the form of corrigenda, but
merely for convenience, and not from any
belief in my own infallibility.
For some of the corrections below I am
indebted to Mr. R. B. McKerrow, who was
kind enough to look at the MS. for me after
I had left London. These are marked with
a *.
P. 5, 1. 8, for " M. Jackson " read M. Jacksun
P. 5, 1. 14, for " nu matter " read mi matter
P. 5, last line, for " point " read paint
P. 6, 1. 6, for " oun iudge " read oun iudg
P. 10, 1. 8, for " more " read none
P. 11, 1. 1, for " tutors " read Autors
P 12, 1. 10, for " twelmunth " read this twelmunth
P. 13, 1. 2, for " ishu " read issu (?)
P. 13, 1. 10, from bottom, for " than " read then
P. 14, 1. 9 from bottom, for " their " read there
P. 16, 1. 9, for " givin . . . .givin " read givin ....
giving
P. 18, 1. 11, for " mi " read nu.
P. 20, 1. 15, for " too " read too too
P. 21, 1. 14, for " too " read to
P. 22, 1. 3, for " reprochful " read more reprochful
P. 23, 1. 17, for " disseassis " read disseasis
P. 23, 1. 13 from bottom, for " than " read that
P. 23, 1. 3 from bottom, for " disseassid " read
disseasid
P. 24, 1. 21 from bottom, for " ypw " read you
P. 26, 1. 11, for " came " read cam
P. 27, 1. 15, for " thurrough " read thurrouh
P. 33, 1. 5, for " abroid " read abroad
P. 33, 1. 12, for " nixt " read next
P. 34, 1. 13 from bottom, for " ere " read long ere
P. 34, 1. 5 from bottom, for " zephyrus " read
Zephyrus
P. 34, 1. 2 from bottom, for " everie " read everi
P. 35, 1. 13 from bottom, for " antiquuis felicius-
que ' ' read antiquius foaliciusque
P. 36, 1. 8 from bottom, for " cum " read eutn
P. 36, 1. 3 from bottom, for " existem " read
existam
P. 37, 1. 14, for " pictatem " read pietatem
P. 37, 1. 13 from bottom, for " oppressseque "
read oppresses
P. 37, 1. 11 from bottom, for " magisne " read
rnagisue or magisve
P. 39, 1. 7, for " Hie " read Sic
P. 41, 1. 9, for " inioined " read inioinid
*P. 43, 1. 10, for " said " read suid
P. 43, 1. 7 from bottom, for " refused " read
refusid
P. 45, 1. 10 from bottom, for " intended " read
intendid
P. 47, 1. 16, for " lerned " read lernid
P. 48, 1. 2 from bottom, for " accustomid " read
accustomed
*P. 49, 1. 15, for " tould him " read tould him,
(with comma)
P. 50, 1. 14 from bottom, for " faither " read
farther
P. 51, 1. 5, for " reasonable " read reasnable
P. 52, 1. 3, for tpyu read tpyy (?)
P. 55, 1. 3, for " innocat " read inuocat or invocat
P. 55, 1. 17, for " incidit " read inuidit or invidit
P. 56, 1.7 from bottom, for "specs " read spies (?)
P. 57, 1. 1, for " before '* read tofore
P. 59, 1. 1, for " overbarish " read ouerlauish or
overlavish.
*P. 59, 1. 9 from bottom, for " voluntarile " read
voluntarie (?) (the I possibly an accidental
mark)
*P. 60, 1. 15 from bottom, for " neerelye " read
rneerelye
*P. 63, 1. 3 from bottom, for " halfied " read
hakid (?)
*P. 63, 1. 2 from bottom, for " filters " read
fitters
P. 64, 1. 6 from bottom, for " crinibus " read.
crinum
*P. 64, last line, for " proxime. . . .proximo " read
proximo . . . .proximo
P. 65, 1. 5, for " crines " read crinum
*P. 66, 1. 10 from bottom, for " nihils " read
P. 69, 1. 15, for " the " read them
P. 70, 1. 14, for " to " read lo
P. 71, 1. 13, for " frenesis " read Eras.s [=Eras-
mus's]. Cp. "Erasmus renowned Follie'*
(Harvey's 'Works,' ed. Grosart, ii. 110).
*P. 74, 1. 13, for " peltinges " read peltinge
*P. 74, 1. 18, for " bewntifull " read boiontifull
P. 79, 1. 3, for " Bassellis " read Russellis [=Bus-
cellis*]
P. 79, 1. 13, for " Bodin " read Bodine
P. 88, 1. 11, for " and disposition inclination "'
read and disposition [" inclination " deleted ?J
*P. 90, 1. 6, for " mundation "read inundation (?)
*P. 91, 1. 15, for " queyntefelt " read queyntefett
*P. 94, 1. 12 from bottom, for " melancohiall "
read melancolicall
P. 98, 1. 7, for " shewte " read shewe (? ) [It is doubt-
ful to me if what was taken for a t belongs to
the word.]
P. 100, 1. 15, for " Mack Morrise " read Mach.
Morrice
P. 105, 1. 16, for " venomous " read venemous
P. 105, last line, for " lyfe " read life
P. 106, 1. 18, for "you " readt/e, and for "bowrde,"
read bowrde (without comma)
P. 106, 1. 3 from bottom, for " consanguinity Ir
read consanguinitie
P. 108, 1. 7, for " Death " read Deaths
P. 108, 1. 16, for " thither " read thether
P. 109, 1. 16, for " purles of purle " read purle*
of pearle
P. 109, 1. 18, for " chose " read choste (?) (=cost>
[Cp. spelling " chakes," p. 144, mid.; char-
cher," p. 12 ; " chrotchet," p. 48 ; " chussion,"
p. 173.]
P. 109, 1. 21, for " cuffed " read tuffed
P. 110, 1. 14 from bottom, for " my " read mye
P. Ill, 1. 3, for " Martials Julia " read Julia [" Mar-
tials " in next line, with a blank apparently
for the name of a lady.]
P. Ill, 1. 4 from bottom, for " muskeratt read
muskecatt
P. 112, 1. 12 from bottom, for " half read halfe
P. 113, 1. 8, for " dame " read Damme (?)
P. 115, 1. 14, for " feastinge " read festin
P. 115, 1. 19, for " sugettes " read succe,
P. 117, 1. 1, for " Manger " read M auger
P. 117 1. 8, from bottom, for " drapsocks " read
stinge
succettes
drafsacks
P. 126, 1. 12 from bottom, for " m gourgeous
read gourgeous ^
* Girolamo Buscelli, ' Le Imprese illustri,' Ven.,
1566.
n s. m. APRIL s, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
263
P. 128, 1. 10, for " shrewe " read shrowe, and for
" shrewdely " read shrowdely
P. 129, 1. 4, for " kisse " read kysse
P. 129, 1. 9, for " nighte " read nighe
P. 129, 1. 17, for " Englande " read Inglande
P. 132, 1. 14, for " into " read to
P. 132, 1. 5 from bottom, for " loovinge " read
Looninge (?)
P. 133, 1. 14, for " Robbin," read Bobbin (no
comma)
P. 133, 1. 15, for " whiuste " read whuiste
P. 134, 1. 5, for " time " read tyme
P. 134, 1. 8, for " afforde " read affourde
P. 135, 1. 5, for " I reade and reade " read / reade
and I reade
P. 135, 1. 7 from bottom, for " And I " read As
[corrected from And] I
P. 136, 1. 7 from bottom, for " Boos " read Bajs
[or Bays]
P. 138, 1. 11 from bottom, for " consollations "
read constellations
P. 140, 1. 16, for " from above " read from aboove
P. 142, 1. 5, for " advizements " read advizement
P. 142, 1. 9, for " inseparable " read incomparable
P. 142, 1. 11, for " lottery " read yor lottery
P. 142, 1. 2, from bottom, for " tymes " read
tyme
P. 148, 1. 2 from bottom, for " prommises " read
prommissis
P. 151, 1. 3, for " culd " read could
P. 151, 1. 9, for " of a like." read of a like (no full
stop) (= belike)
P. 151, 1. 2 from bottom, for " stay " read stey
P. 153, 1. 13, for " tame " read turne (?)
P. 156, last line, for " he put " read put
P. 157, 1. 10, for " possession " read possessing
P. 163, 1. 7, for " wsene " read wenne
P. 163, 1. 16 from bottom, for " rashley " read
rashly
P. 175, 1. 5 from bottom, for " verri " read verrie
P. 179, 1. 2, for " verum " read rerum
P. 179, 1. 11, for " ad hue " read adhuc
P. 179, 1. 16, for " Binge " read Bingi
P. 179, 1. 21, for TravtjyvptKOv read iravrjyvpi.Kbv
*P. 182, last line, for " nee " read ne
*P. 183, 11. 7, 8, for " primus. .. .secundus. ...
tertius " read primas. . . .secundas. . . .terlias
*P. 183, 1. 11, for " primus " read primas
*P. 183, 11. 13, 14, for " novimus " read norimus
A great part of the manuscript is " almost
illegible and undecipherable," as Mi1. Scott
says, and we have to thank him for his
courage, patience, and skill in making it out.
The reader should take note, however,
that the headings of the letters are Mr.
Scott's, not Harvey's (has Mr. Scott any
ground, by the way, for describing Sir
Thomas Smith as "of Audley End," pp. 19n,
162, 168, beyond the fact that he was born
at Saffron Walden ?), and that the editor
is somewhat inconsistent in his treatment
of words which Harvey has corrected and
replaced by others. Thus (p. 16, 1. 9 from
bottom) the words "in ye parlur " are
written by Harvey in the margin, and Mr.
Scott is responsible for the place of their
insertion. The words " written by him
in Essex " (p. 55, 1. 7 from bottom) are a
correction of " written in Pembroke Hall at
Cambridge," but Mr. Scott takes no notice
of the original reading. So on p. 94, 1. 1O
from bottom, where Harvey first wrote
" my brother Tom," then corrected " Tom "
to "Watt," and finally to " Nedd." On
p. 106, 1. 18, the words " ye gabb " are a
correction of "ye lye." On p. 134 the
lines " Livye — Thucidides " were written
later than the rest. On p. 143, last line,
" thirde " is underlined in the text, and
" seconde " written in the margin. Here
Mr. Scott prints , " ye ' thirde ' seconde
letter" (which puzzled Gi art, 'Harvey's
Works,' iii. xxii.). So 011 p. 168, . 5^
Harvey first wrote " M. Capel," then in-
serted " good " before it, struck out " Capel,"
and substituted " Arthure." Mr. Scott
prints " good M. Arthure ' Capel.' ' This
use of inverted commas to denote a word
deleted needed, perhaps, a word of explana-
tion, especially as Mr. Scott occasionally
prints the deleted word in his text and gives
the correction in inverted commas : e.g.?
p. 52, 1. 17, " an [" sum " in margin] other
time."
Mr. Scott's first note on p. 43 is incorrect.
The Senior Proctor in May, 1573, who put
Harvey first in the Ordo Senioritatis of the
Masters of Arts of his year (see ' Grace
Book A,' ed. Venn, p. 262), was Walter
Allein (ibid., p. 568) of Harvey's old college,
Christ's, not Lancelot Browne of Pembroke,
who had been one of those who had opposed
his obtaining the grace for his degree.
Browne was Junior Proctor in 1573-4.
It may be remarked that the changes of
punctuation introduced by Mr. Scott not
unfrequently rather obscure the sense.
G. C. MOORE SMITH.
The University, Sheffield.
A WELSH PRINTING SOCIETY:
CYMDEITHIAS LLEN CYMRU.
THE revival of interest in Welsh literature
is one of the notable features of the present
day. It has led to the printing of various
texts formerly inaccessible, and one of its
accidental results has been the popularizing
of English translations of some of the monu-
ments of Celtic literature. A generation ago
Lady Charlotte Guest's version of the
' Mabinogion ' was known only to scholars
and rich book-collectors. Now it gives
pleasure to thousands of readers who know no
Welsh.
Among the agencies making for a greater
knowledge of the older Welsh literature is
264
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 a in. APBIL 8. I«L
the " Cymdeithias Lien Cymru," of which I ' Caniadau yn y mesuran Rhyddion ' —
Mr. John Bal linger, the Librarian of the pieces ranging from the fifteenth century to
National Library of Wales at Aberystwyth, the eighteenth. To this Mr. J. H. Davies,
is the honorary secretary. It was started who has edited the Blue and Red issues, pre-
by six persons, and the first idea was to fixes an elaborate introduction,
share the cost of printing and then distribute Of the Red series two only have yet
the copies among the members of the little appeared. The first contains a reprint of
society. This plan was modified, and that ' Contemplations upon these Times ; or,
now adopted is that the books are sold at The Parliament explained to Wales,' which
cost price and without pecuniary profit to was printed in 1646, and came from the pen
any one. This is, roughly speaking, the of John Lewis of Glasgrug, Llanbadarn
plan of the Early English Text Society and Fawr, the friend of Richard Baxter. It is
similar organizations. The Welsh Society a vigorous and characteristic defence of the
deserves wider support, and doubtless only Republican proceedings in the struggle with
needs to be better known in order to receive the King. The Oxford Parliament Lewis
many accessions to its ranks. dubs " a Jack-a-Lent." He is stoutly
The publications, which are fine speci- patriotic, and claims that St. Bridget and
mens of typography from the press of Mr. St. Catherine of Siena are witnesses for the
William Lewis of Cardiff, are in quarto form kingdom of God which he hopes to see in
and divided into series, which, for con- these islands. He protests against non-
venience, may be called by the colour of resistance in matters of conscience, defends
the covers. the Solemn League and Covenant, and urges
The Blue series lead off with the ' Carolau ' the prohibition of the Book of Common
of Richard Hughes, who was " Footman Prayer, declaring that some of the ministers
Extraordinary " to Queen Elizabeth and " scarce can read it," and that in many places
an annuity of 501. for his services. there is hardly a sermon once a year. On
The second issue contains ' Hen Gerddi the other hand he is delighted with the
Gwleidyddol : 1588-1660,' and opens with more popular edition of the Welsh Bible and
a poem on the Spanish Armada, and includes the prospect of a pocket New Testament.
a Welsh " song made on the ransacking the Finally he suggests the establishment of a
country in the time of Oliver Cromwell's college for the training of the ministry —
Protectorship" by John Griffith of Lland- a suggestion elaborated in a later publication,
dyfnan, who relieved his feelings to the tune The second is a reprint of ' An Act for the
of * The King shall enjoy his Own Again.' Propagation of the Gospel in Wales ' which
There is also a Litany which includes a was passed in 1649. With this are given
comprehensive petition for deliverance the proceedings of the Commissioners for
from the Turk, the Scots, the Pope, the | North Wales — of whom John Lewis was one
Presbyterians, and the Independents.
The third issue is a * Casgliad o Hen
the
Nortl
— f rom a MS. in the Bodleian, and a vigorous
letter of Vavasour Powell in defence of their
Ganiadau Serch,' including some of the songs actions in the removal of "scandalous"
formerly attributed to Rhys Goch. and " malignant " ministers. These docu-
The fourth issue, the * Casgliad of Hanes- ments show the Puritan position, but it is
Gerddi Cymraeg,' is a curious evidence of intended to illustrate the " other side "
the eclectic spirit of the Welsh bards. There in later issues.
are seven ballads ; all but one are apparently A special series has been started in Buff
of extraneous inspiration. The story of the to deal with hymnology. Every editor of a
three sons of the king and the ' Crus Gwaed- hymn-book thinks himself entitled to alter
lyd ' appear in the ' Gesta Ro'manorum.' The the words of the author. Sometimes the
' Wraig o Ganaan Wlad ' is a variant of the author belonged to another sect, and laid too
wife of Bath. The ' Gleiniogwerth Synn- strong — or too weak— emphasis on the
wyr ' appears in an old French fabliau, doctrines which the editor desires to incul-
Another is a well-known story from Pliny, cate ; sometimes the changes are due merely
The * Blotyn Du ' relates to a Cornish to caprice and bad taste. It is therefore
murder. There are three versions of ' Yr desirable to have the original and unadul-
Hen Wr o'r Coed ' (' The Old Man of the terated texts of the great singers of sacred
Wood ' ), a Welsh form of the legend of Rip song. The first issue is a reprint of the
van Winkle which is discussed at length * Emynau ' of Morgan Rhys, printed in 1775
in Sir John Rhys's ' Celtic Folk-lore.' with the quaint title of ' Golwg o Ben Nebo
The fifth and sixth of the Blue series ar wlad ye Addewid ' (' A View of the Land
appeared as a double number and contain | of Promise from the Top of Mount Nebo ' ).
n s. in. APRIL s, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
265
The editor is the Rev. H. Elvet Lewis
whose book on the ' Sweet Singers of Wales
has done something to make known to
the English people the riches of Welsh
hymnology.
The Cymdeithias Lien Cymru should be
welcomed by all who are interested in Welsh
literature or bibliography ; and an immense
impetus must be given to this interest by
the great Welsh National Library which is
now being built up at Aberystwyth.
MANCEINION.
THE BLACK HOLE OF CALCUTTA:
HENRY LUSHINGTON.
A MONUMENTAL tablet, surmounted by a
marble bust, to the memory of Henry
Lushington, one of the survivors from the
Black Hole at Calcutta (for other survivors
see US. ii. 528 ; iii. 74, 111, 192), may still
be seen in the Old Church at Eastbourne
of which parish his father was Vicar from
1734 till 1779. The inscription is interesting,
and runs as follows : —
" Sacred to the Memory of HENRY LUSH-
INGTON | Eldest Son of HENRY LUSHING-
TON, D.D. Vicar of this Parish And MARY his
Wife | whose singular Merits & as singular Suffer-
ings Cannot fail of endearing Him to y* latest
Posterity.
" At Yc Age of Sixteen in y° year 1754 He
embarqued for Bengal in y9 Service of ye India
Company, & by | attaining a perfect Knowledge
of the Persian Language made Himself essentially
useful— It is difficult to | determine whether He
excelled more in a civil or a military Capacity,
His Activity in Both | recommended Him to the
Notice & Esteem of Lord CLIVE : Whom with
equal Credit to | Himself & Satisfaction to his
Patron He served in the different Characters of |
Secretary, Interpreter & Commissary. In y*
year 1756, by a melancholy Revolution, He
was with Others | to y8 amount of 146 forced into
a Dungeon at CALCUTTA so small that 23
only escaped Suffocation. — He was | one of ye
•Survivors, but reserved for greater Misery, for
by a Subsequent Revolution in the Year 1763
He was j with 2 00 more taken Prisoners at PATNA,
& after a tedious Confinement being singled out
with JOHN ELLIS & | WILLIAM HAY Esq"
was by the Order of the Nabob COSSIM ALLY
KAWN & under ye Direction of One SOMEROO
I an Apostate European, deliberately & inhumanly
murdered : But while y* Seapoys were perform-
ing their savage Office | on ye first mentioned
Gentleman, fired with a generous Indignation at
the Distress of his Friend, | He rushed upon his
Assassins unarmed, & seizing One of their Scimitars
Lilled Three of them & wounded Two Others, |
till at length oppressed with Numbers He greatly
leal.
" His private Character was perfectly consistent
with his publick One. The amiable | Sweetness
of his Disposition attached Men of y' worthiest
Note to Him— the Integrity of his Heart fixed
them ever | firm to his Interests. As a Son, He
was One of the most kind & dutiful, as a Brother
ye most affectionate. | His Generosity towards
his Family was such as hardly to be equal'd his
Circumstances and his Age | consid'd, scarce to be
exceeded. In short He lived & died an Honour ta
his Name, his Friends & his Country.
" His Race was short (being only 26 Years of
Age when He died) but truly Glorious. | The
rising Generation must admire, May They imitate,,
so Bright an Example 1
" His Parents have erected this Monument as
a lasting Testimony of their Affliction & of his
Virtues."
ALAN STEWART,
" LONG HOME." — The expression " long-
home," meaning " grave," is duly given
in the ' N.E.D.,' with a quotation from
Robert of Brunne in 1303. But it is far
older, as it is found in Anglo-Saxon. In ' An
Old English Vision of Leofric,' printed by
Prof. Napier in the Phil Soc. Trans., 1908,
pp. 180-88, we find, just at the end:' "A
fortnight before his death he foretold the
day on which he should come to Coventry
to his long home," where the original text
has " to his langan hame."
I observe no very late quotation for this*
phrase ; but it occurs in ' Martin Chuzzle-
wit,' chap, xxv., and it is no less a person
than Mrs. Gamp who uses it : " Ah, the
sweet creeturs ! playing at berryins down-
in the shop, and follerin' the order-book to
its long home in the iron safe! "
WALTER W. SKEAT.
AN INDIAN AERIAL POST. — The following,,
which appeared in The Times of 13 March
under the above heading, deserves a place
in ' N. & Q.' :—
"Among the letters which reached England by
the Indian Mail from Bombay on Friday were
several from Allahabad bearing a new postmark,
which may become historic, The postmark re-
presents an aeroplane flying over a range of moun-
tains, and bears the inscription ' First Aerial Post.
U. P. Exhibition, Allahabad, 1911.'
"The explanation of this postmark is that the
Indian postal authorities recently granted permis-
sion to Captain Windham to establish an aerial
post in connexion with the United Provinces
Exhibition at Allahabad, for the purpose of demon-
strating the possibilities of an aerial service for the
use of a beleaguered town. The arrangements were
under the personal supervision of the Postmaster-
General of the United Provinces, and only letters
and postcards were allowed in this special delivery.
The postal authorities would not agree to an increase
in the actual cost of delivery, but the letters to be>
Forwarded by aeroplane were sent under special
cover to Allahabad, with an extra fee of six annas,
which was devoted to the funds for the new build-
ngs of the Oxford and Cambridge Hostel at Allaha-
bad. The mail was duly carried by aeroplane froim
266
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. HI. APBIL s, mi.
exhibition grounds to Allahabad post-office,
was there distributed, and to mark the event
41 special die was cast in the postal workshops at
JUigarh."
A. F. R.
COLLKY GIBBER'S 'APOLOGY.' — Ten years
-after Col ley Gibber had completed his famous
' Apology,' he disposed of his rights in that
book to Dodsley. It was originally
" Printed by John Watts for the Author.
MDCCXL." The following is an exact
copy of the receipt given by Gibber
for the amount paid him by Dodsley. The
original document was, if I mistake not, in
the possession of the late Mr. R. W. Lowe,
who pasted it in the front cover of his 1740
edition of the ' Apology.' The receipt reads :
" Recd March ye 24th 1749/50 of Mr Robert Dodsley
Bookseller in Pall Mall the Sum of fifty two Pounds
-ten Shillings, in consideration of which Sum I do
hereby assign & make over to him y" said Mr Robert
Dodsley his Heirs, Executors, Administrators and
Assigns, for ever, all my Right and Property in the
Copy of my Book eritituled an Apology for the Life
of Mr Colly Cibber &c as witness my Hand
"Colley Gibber"
WATSON NICHOLSON.
Authors' Club, S.W.
" ANON."— At 10 S. ix. 135 it was shown
by an extract from ' Quentin Durward,'
chap, xii., that Scott, as well as Thackeray,
slips into the use of " anon " in the sense of
^erewhile. As a final contribution towards
exemplifying this whimsical practice (see
10 S. i. 246, 337 ; v. 274, 454, 496 ; vii. 136),
an instance may now be given from the
twenty-seventh chapter of ' The Abbot.' In
the interview in which he strives to master
•the identity of his partner in the dance,
Roland Graeme avers that, while this mys-
terious personage favours " snood and kirtle"
at the moment, the garb may presently
change with the mood. " Perhaps," he
ventures, " you may be seen to-morrow
in hat and feather, hose and doublet." A
little later a home thrust stirs him to draw
upon the vocabulary of valour, and his
interlocutor quickly counters with the
remark, " Beware of such b'ig words ; you
said but anon that I sometimes wear hose
-and doublet." The explanation of the
matter probably is that it is easy to confuse
4C in a minute " with " a minute ago."
Possibly Scott may have intended to write
•"e'en now." THOMAS BAYNE.
THE GENEALOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN. — MR. G. SHER-
WOOD, who inquired at 10 S. iv. 230 about
this Society, may like to know that I have
-a letter of the secretary (Ry croft Reeve)
of the Society, dated 14 May, 1858, wherein
he states that it was founded in 1854 by
several noblemen and gentlemen to promote
the study of family history,
"since when a large amount of authentic genea-
logical and historical matter relating to the early
ancestry of Fellows of the Society has been collected
atid arranged, and several elaborate pedigrees,
commencing with the ninth and eleventh centuries,
and brought down to the present time, have been
compiled."
From a newspaper cutting of 21 July,
1860, I find that the annual meeting of the
Society was held on Tuesday, 17 July, in the
picture gallery at Bridgewater House, through
the courtesy of Lord Ellesmere.
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
ANANIAS AS A CHRISTIAN NAME. — Surely
this name, one of reproach and contumely,
was of rare occurrence, even among the
Puritans. In the * Calendar of State Papers,
Domestic, 1606-10,' p. 345, it is stated that
" Ananias Plommer of Gosport was examined on
Jan. 19, 1607, relative to slanderous words spoken
against the King."
W. B. GERISH.
HORSES TAKEN TO CHURCH. — J. R.
Planche in his ' Descent of the Danube '
(1828), p. 19, tells his readers that
''in Ratisbdn, formerly, even the horses went to
church! On St. Leonard's Day the peasantry of
the neighbourhood brought their whole stud, gaily
caparisoned, and indulged each animal with a peep
into the Maltheser - kirche, a pious precaution
which was supposed to preserve them the year
round from the staggers, and indeed every other
disorder that horse-flesh is heir to."
The same author tells us (on p. 99) that
"at Engelhardszell, in 1551, another church was
erected for the same purpose, apparently, as that to
which the Maltheser-kirche was formerly applied
at Ratisbon. The horses were here brought
annually to the door of the church, arid allowed a
peep at St. Pancras, whose effigy graced the altar.
This sight and a few oats at the same time adminis-
tered were supposed to preserve them from all
- - th."
disorders for a twelvemonl
L. S. M.
"O.K.": NEW EXPLANATION. — The usual
story is that the letters "O.K." are a con-
traction of " Oil Korrekt," an American
humorous spelling. I find, however, a new
explanation in The Chicago Record Herald for
16 December, 1910, printed under a picture
of a square army biscuit stamped with the
letters O.K. :—
"The above picture of an army biscuit is said to
explain the presence in our American tongue of the
slang symbol * 0. K.' When the civil war broke
out there existed in Chicago a firm of bakers known
ii s. in.
i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
267
-as 0. Kendall & Sons, the head of the firm being
Orrin Kendall. This firm immediately began the
manufacture of army biscuits, and stamped them
' 0. K.' to represent the firm. These biscuits, it is
said, came to be preferred by the soldiers, who
thought them a little better than the ordinary army
bread. Soon '0. K.' became a cant term of approval
in the army, and after the war it was carried into
•civil life and peace occupations."
ETJGENE F. McPiKE.
Chicago, U.S.
WE must request corresppndents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
COBBETT AT KENSINGTON AND BARN
ELMS FARM.— Where exactly did William
€obbett live in Kensington in 1821 ?
Where exactly was Bam. Elms Farm, to
which he removed soon after ?
LEWIS MELVILLE.
' NINE TAILORS OF TOOLEY STREET,'
1832-5. — Can any of your correspondents
tell me the author of the ' Nine Tailors of
Tooley Street,' a skit written about 1832-5 ?
C. T. HAGBERG WRIGHT.
London Library, St. James's Square, S.W.
MEDIEVAL " OBERAMMERGATJS." — In
Pecock's 'Represser' (1457), vol. i. p. 221,
we read : —
"No Cristen man now lyuyng hath these iij
condicions anentis the persoon of Crist in his man-
hode, as hath a stok or a stoon graued into the
cenes ot Unst hanging on a cros nakid and
woundid...... except whanne a quyk man is sett in
a pley to be hangid nakid on a cros and to be in
semyng woundid and scourdd. And this bifallith
1 seelde and in fewe placis and cuntrees."
Where in the fifteenth century ?
W. F. P. STOCKLEY.
Univ. Coll., Cork.
PERCTVAL BANKS.— I am anxious to
Iiscover the genealogy of Percival Banks,
who left Aylesbury, Kent, in the seven-
teenth century, and settled in Ardee, co.
Louth, Ireland, later moving to Ennis,
co Clare. C. BOWKER.
Barton, Mass.
SIR RICHARD HOTHAM : MARY H. CHOL-
MONDELEY.— Can any reader tell me who
is now the possessor of the portrait, painted
by Romney, of Sir Richard Hotham (M.P.
for Southwark in 1780, died 1799) or perhaps
of some other picture of him ?
I am also anxious to find a picture of
Mary Henrietta Cholmondeley, the eldest
daughter of the Rev. Robert Cholmondeley.
She was killed in a carriage accident near
Dorking in 1806. LEVERTON HARRIS.
70, Grosvenor Street, W.
SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS' s POCKET-BOOKS.
— Where are Reynolds' s MS. notebooks,
which were used by Leslie and Taylor in
their life of the painter ?
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
MAN IN THE IRON MASK DRAMATIZED. —
Can any readers of ' N. & Q.' tell me whether
the subject of the Man in the Iron Mask
has ever been treated dramatically ? If
so, what are the names of the authors ?
G. W. MORTON.
PORTRAIT IN PITTI GALLERY. — I have
in my possession a portrait (copy) of a
young man in armour. The original is in
the Pitti Gallery, Florence, and is said to
represent a son of Frederick III., King of
Denmark. Can any of your readers inform
me what was his name, and the dates of his
birth and death ?
T. ARNOLL DAVIS, Colonel.
Weston Park House, Bath.
' HAMLET ' IN 1585. — Is it an established
fact that a play called ' Hamlet ' was acted
at Cambridge in 1585 ? I should be much
obliged fcr the name of any book dealing
with this : I see no mention of it in Halliwell-
Phillipps's works. IONIA.
' PICKWICK ' DIFFICULTIES. — I shall be
glad to learn the meaning of the following
obscure expressions in ' Pickwick.' My
references below are to the edition published
by Chapman & Hall and Frowde : —
Chap, xvi., p. 279, 1. 6. — Punch and " the
flatheaded comedian with the tin box of
music."
Chap, xxv., p. 411, 1. 36.—" Old Strike
a Light."
Chap, xl., p. 657, 11. 18-19.— " Guillo-
tined cabriolet."
PHILIP F. STEPHENSON.
C. H. SPURGEON'S KNOWLEDGE OF GREEK.
— Can any reader of ' N. & Q.' kindly inform
me who it was that criticized a sermon of
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, and recorded in
a diary or letter that it proved conclusively
that Spurgeon was unacquainted with the
Greek language at that period of his life ?
Direct replies will greatly oblige.
FREDK. CHARLES WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Roath Park, Cardiff.
268
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. APRIL s, wn.
SAMUEL ROGERS AND DISRAELI'S BAPTISM.
— In the ' Maclise Portrait Gallery,' pub-
lished, with memoirs, by the late William
Bates, a well-known contributor to ' N. & Q.,'
it is stated in the notice of Benjamin Disraeli
that his precocious talents
' attracted the notice of Samuel Ropers, the poet,
who was wont to visit the elder D'lsraeli at
Hackney, and who, regretting to see so intelligent a
youth without religious instruction, took him to
Hackney Church."
Benjamin, we are told, was baptized at
St. Andrew's, Holborn, at the age of 13.
Where do we find mention of Rogers' s
share in leading up to this important event ?
W. S— R.
CATHERINE HYDE. — " Secret Memoirs of
tho Royal Family of France, now first
published from the Journal, Letters, and
Conversations of the Princess Lamballe by
a Lady of Rank," London, 1826, is usually
attributed to " Catherine Hyde " (i.e., Cam-
bridge University Library Catalogue, and,
I think, British Museum Catalogue). Can
any one give me particulars of the editor,
apart from those which she gives of herself
in the introduction ? I should be glad of
any information as to her birth and parent-
age. EDGAR H. VIGERS.
The Rectory, Little Stukeley, Huntingdon.
JOHN BAGNALL, who is described as " a
learned and rich philosopher," was living
at Donnington Castle House, Newbury, in
1784, and at Erleigh Court at the beginning
of the nineteenth century. One of his
daughters married Sir William Scott, after-
wards Lord Stowell. Was Bagnall one of
the Bagnall s of Stafford and Newry,
Ireland ? If so, can any one give me
fuller particulars as to his " philosophy "
and connexions ? ERNEST W. DORMER.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY COSTUME PLATES-
— Twice, on looking over collections of
portraits and views of Cambridge, my
attention has been arrested by handwritten
inscriptions of names, on costume plates
extracted from the ' History of the Uni-
versity of Cambridge ' published by Rudolph
Ackermann in 1815 — one of them, the
Doctor in Divinity in the scarlet gown,
being inscribed as a portrait of Dr. Chafy,
who was Master of Sidney Sussex College
1813-43, and another, the Doctor in Divinity
in the ermined robe or cope, as Dr. Milner,
Professor of Mathematics 1798-1820 ; so
that evidently the costume plates of the
histories of the Universities of Cambridge
and Oxford, and Public Schools, published
between 1814 and 1816, must be portraits
of prominent personages, Irving at the time
these valuable works were prepared.
The undermentioned are all that I have
been able to find up to the present, and I
trust that some of the readers of ' N. & Q/
may be able to furnish others. The iden-
tification of these plates would now be
generally interesting; probably some of
them representing celebrated people not
commemorated by other portraits.
Cambridge University.
Doctor in Divinity in the -ermined robe
or cope, Dr. Milner.
Doctor in Divinity in the scarlet gown,
Dr. Chafy.
Doctor in Music, Dr. Hague.
Doctor in Law or Physic in Congregation
robes, Dr. E. Clarke.
Nobleman, Lord Wevrnouth (?).
G. H. C. CRISP.
?A, St. Botolph's Lane, Cambridge.
THOMAS LEA AND CHARLES BRANDON,
DUKE OF SUFFOLK. — In Pitt's 'History of
Staffordshire,' 1817, p. 389, there is the
following passage : —
"Clayton gave name to a family who were seated
there at a very early period ; the last of the eldest
branch of the male line, Thomas Clayton, Esq., died
about the eleventh of Charles II., leaving two
daughters. Elizabeth, the eldest, and heiress,
married Thomas Lea, Esq. This gentleman was
descended in the direct male line from the antient
Earls and Dukes of Suffolk, and the Earls of Lich-
field."
Can any one supply me with the genea-
logical table connecting Thomas Lea with
Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, who
married Mary, daughter of Henry VII. ?
Please reply direct. T. PAPE.
The Middle School, Newcastle-under-Lyme.
THE GRANGE, SHROPSHIRE. — Pitt's ' His-
tory of Staffordshire,' p. 389, says : —
"Mary Clayton married William Windsor, Esq.,
of Rees-hall, Cheshire, and the Grange, Shropshire."
Where was "the Grange, Shropshire" ?
Was it Halesowen Grange ?
Please reply direct. T. PAPE.
PHEASANT PENNY. — In an old diary
occurs the following : —
"Mary Bains engaged from 29 Nov., 1814. To-
have seven guineas a year & find her own tea and
sugar, & to be at liberty on a month's wage or
warning. Pd her 5/6 pheasant penny."
Another entry ends : " Pd per 6/ Coach
hire, 2/6 pheasant penny."
What is the origin of this "pheasant
penny
RAVEN.
ii s. m. APRIL s, ion.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
269
TONY LUMPKIX AND HIS UNCLE. — In
the sixties an old family dependent usec
to repeat to us children a set of verses abou
Tony Lumpkin, who came to London t<
find his uncle. Forgetting the latter' s name
he nevertheless asked where he lived, bu
on being shown into a pawnbroker's shop
received scant civility at the proprietor'
hands, which led him to ejaculate : —
Talk o' Lunnon ! nay, give me blind Ball and th
cart ;
Such hard-hearted uncles will break my poor heart
Can any of your readers supply the author 's
name ? I believe the first lines are : —
From a nate little village in Zummerzetshire
To find out my uncle they zent me up here ;
So I, Tony Lumpkin, in Lunnon's great town,
At ' The Cow and Two Calves ' from the wagon gets
down.
Allowance must be made for the originai
reciter's possible inaccuracy and the taxing
of my memory after 45 years and more.
ALGEBNON WABBEN.
MACHYN'S DIABY.-^! have often seen
extracts from this in books on old London.
Can you tell me who Machyn was, and if his
Diary has ever been published ?
T. F. B.
[There is a life of Henry Machyn in the ' D.N.B.
His Diary, 1550-63, was edited by J. G. Nichols for
the Cam den Society in 1848. We are not aware of
any reprint.]
CITY LANDS : . ANCIENT TENUBE. — To
what " certain City Lands " does the follow-
ing paragraph refer ? —
"On Monday Sir Richard Hopkins and Felix
Feast, Esq., two of the new Sheriffs, went to West-
minster, and were sworn at the Exchequer-Bar,
before the Lord Chief Baron and the rest of the
Barons of that Court. At the same time the usual
Ceremonies of cutting Withies, and counting Horse-
nails, were perform'd, for the Tenure of certain
City Lands."— Weekly Journal, Oct. 25, 1723.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
ROSAMOND SPONG: "OBTA CABOLO REGE."
— On a mural tablet in Aylesford Parish
Church to the memory of Rosamond Spong
(nee Walter or Walters), who died 1840,
aged 92, the above inscription occurs. Can
any of your readers supply me with the
connecting links of that lady's descent ?
RECTOK.
Over Worton, Steeple Aston, Oxon.
" VEXATION GIVES UNDEBSTANDING." —
Bp. Hall in his contemplation on Manasseh,
King of Judah, says : " How true is that
word of the prophet ! " Can your readers
give me his name ? M.A.OxoN.
[See Isaiah xxviii. 19.]
MANSEL BBANSBY was admitted to West-
minster School in January, 1718/19, aged 8.
I should be glad to obtain any information
concerning his parentage and career.
G. F. R, B.
WILLIAM BBESSEY was admitted to West-
minster School in January, 1727/8, aged 8.
Can correspondents of ' N. & Q.' give me
any information about him ?
G. F. R. B.
ARTHTJB BBETT was admitted to West-
minster School in June, 1723, .aged 8.
Particulars of his parentage and career are
desired. G. F. R. B.
" PUT A BEGGAR ON HOBSEBACK AND HE
WILL BIDE TO THE DEVIL." — Shakespeare
gives another reading of the old saying
(' 3 Henry VI.,' Act I. sc. iv.) :—
Unless the adage must be verified,
That beggars mounted run their horse to death.
Can any one give an earlier use of this pro"
verb ? HENRY FISHWICK.
" NEVEB SWAP HORSES WHEN CBOSSING
THE STREAM." — This is given as a " proverb,"
without reference to any source, in ' Cassell's
Dictionary of Quotations ' by Benham, but
I cannot find it in Bohn's ' Diet, of Proverbs '
(1855) or W. C. Hazlitt's ' English Proverbs *
(1882). Is anything known of its origin ?
C. F. H.
[Generally attributed to Abraham Lincoln.]
" SKOLPYNE." — What sort of fish is a
" skolpyne " (Exeter, temp. Ed. IV.) ?
E. L.-W.
BOOTHBY FAMILY QUARTEBINGS. — In
Grlover's ' Derbyshire,* ii. 41 (octavo edition),
s depicted a shield of the arms of Boothby,
Baronet, of Ashbourne Hall, with twenty-
bur quarterings. Of these, Nos. 3 to 24
seem to have been brought in by the marriage
f Sir William Boothby with Hill, daughter
and coheiress of Sir William Brooke, K.B.
nephew of Henry, Lord Cobham). I
ihould be glad to know to what families the
fifth and ninth quarterings belong. They
appear to be : Ermine, on a chief three
Ducks' heads cabossed ; and A fesse
dancette or between ten cross-crosslets,
five in chief and five in base.
The twenty -four quarterings seem to
belong to these families: — 1. Boothby,
2. Hayes, 3. Brooke, 4. Cobham, 5 [?],
-. Braybrooke, 7. Ledet, 8. Foliot, 9 [?],
0. Delapole, 11. Peverel, 12. St. Amand,
3. Braye, 14. Braye, ancient (or Longvale),
270
NOTES AND QUERIES. [u s. m. APRIL s, 1911.
15. Hallywell, 16. Norbury, 17. Boteler,
18. Pantulf, 19. Sudely, 20. Montfort, 21.
Planch, 22. Haversham, 23. Crosier, 24.
Dabernon. W. G. D. FLETCHER.
Oxon Vicarage, Shrewsbury.
MURDER ON GAD'S HILL IN 1661.
(US. iii. 208.)
FULL particulars of this murder are given
in two rare contemporary tracts, the titles
of which are as follows : —
" A true and exact relation of the horrid and
cruel murther lately committed upon Prince
Cossuma Albertus by his own attendants near
Rotchester in Kent, 'October 19, 1661, and also
how the barbarous murtherers were apprehended
and brought before the Right Honourable
Richard Brown(e), Knight and Barronet, Lord
Mayor of the City of London, with the manner
of their examination and confession. London,
Printed and are to be sold by R. Vaughan in St.
Martins. 1661," 4to.
The second tract bears date a year later
(1662), and is entitled : —
" The arraignment, sentence, and execution
of Isaac Jacob alia* Jaques and Casimerus
Karsagi for the bloody murther committed on
Cossuma Albertus, a Prince of Transylvania,
between Gravesend and Rotchester, where now he
hangs in chains. London, Printed by Roger
Vaughan living in St. Martins le Grand. 1662."
The following extracts from the two tracts
will give particulars of the nature of the
murder.
On p. 3 of * A True and Exact Relation,'
we read : —
" Cossuma Albertus, a Prince in the Dominions
of the King of Poland, being by the Germane
Forces worsted and forced to seek for relief, came
to our Gracious King for succour, of whom he
found a kind Reception, and a sufficient main-
tenance.
" This good Prince having occasion to go to
Rotchester in Kent, on Saturday October 19, 1661,
carried a considerable sum of money with him.
and took onely his Coach-man and Foot-boy ; This
Coach-man knowing what money he took with
him, agreed with the Foot-boy to tell him when
his Master was a sleep (it being usual with him to
sleep when he went such long journeys.)
" When they came within two miles of Roches-
ter, this Prince being a sleep, his Coach-man
(whose name is Isaac Jacomb alias Jaekques a
jew) having a long knife ready for that use, stabs
his Prince to the heart ; Then the Prince cryed
out Lord have mercy upon me. will you be Prince
of my Country ? Aftrr this the Coach-man and
Foot-mu,n pul'd him out of the Coach, and then
drew out the Princes Hanger, and cut off his
head, and pulled out both his Eyes, cut off his Chin,
and mangled his Face, that so no one might dis-
cover who he was, then they cut off one of his
Arms, and when they had done all this to hide
their Villany, they threw his Body into a Ditch,
and his Head about two Furlongs off in another
place.
" After this they had the Coach and Horses to
Graves, and left them at an Inn there, and gave
the Oastler a great charge to look well to the
Horses till they came again.
" About two or three days after a Doctor of
Physick that lived at Rotchester, riding through
the Parish of Strode, his Spaniel Dog brought
up the arm of a man, upon which the Doctor made
search, and found out that there was a man
slain, of which he gave notice to the Countrey.
" Presently after this Coach-man went into
Burchen Lane in London, to sell the Hanger which
was his Princes, and a Picture, at which time a
Grocer which knew the Prince (the Princes Lodg-
ings being hard by, at the George in Lumbar
Street) he questioned this Coach-man why he
should sell those things ; But finding no sufficient
but a suspitious answer, caused him to be appre-
hended and carried before the Lord Mayor."
' The Arraignment ' gives on p. 6 the
following account of the trial : —
" There came in witness against them, the
Inne-Keeper of Greenhith, which witnessed,
That after the Murther, these two, viz. the Chariot-
driver and the Page, brought their Princes Chariot
& Horses to his house, and desired him to take
care of them ; for they said their Master was
gone for London [" had taken a pair of oars at
Gravesend, and was gone for London," is the
account in an earlier page] and they must by
water haste after him. The Page told the'
Honorable Bench that the Chariot-driver, when
his Master was asleep, did kill him (he for his life,
as he said, dared not to oppose him) and after he
had kil'd him, he made him help him to draw him
out of the Chariot. And the Page being asked
how his Masters head came to be cut off, made
answer, that the said Chariot-driver went several
times to the place where he had laid him ; so that
it appeared he had opportunity enough to fulfill
his Bloody Design : For which this last Assizes
the Page, Casirnirus Karsagi, received the just
sentence of Death, To be hanged till he was dead,
which accordingly was executed, and his body
buried : but the Chariot-man according to
sentence given, was hanged in chains at the place
where he committed this bloody and unparrallel'd
Murder on his Prince and Master."
There is a slight discrepancy in the two
narratives, not only as to the date when the
murder took place, but also in minor par-
ticulars. In the earlier tract the date given
is 19 October, 1661, and in the later tract
15 October.
J. R. Smith in his ' Bibliotheca Cantiana '
mentions the first tract only, and appends a
note saying that the victim was " buried in
Rochester Cathedral with great solemnity
23 Oct., 1661." He cites 110 authority for
this statement.
Thorpe's ' Registrum Roffense ' gives a
list of monuments in Rochester Cathedral.
!
us. m. APRIL s, 19H.J NOTES AND QUERIES.
271
Neither tract mentions where the victim was
buried. The name Cossuma is perhaps more
correctly spelt Kossuma.
A. L. HUMPHREYS.
187, Piccadilly, W.
Mr. G. H. Palmer in his ' Rochester
Cathedral ' (Bell & Sons), 1897, after relating
the murder of Prince Cossuma Albertus,
writes ; —
" Two contemporary accounts of his death
and of his funeral, which took place on Tuesday,
the 2'2nd [of October], have been found. From
one of these, in the Mcrcurius Publicus of October,
1661, the following is taken : ' His body, being
brought to the parish of Strood, was accompanied
from thence to the west door of the Cathedral
Church of Rochester by the Prebendaries of the
said church in their formalities, with the gentry
and commonalty of the said city and places
adjacent, with torches before them. Near the
Cathedral they were met by the choir, who sang
Te Deum before them ; when Divine service was
ended, the choir went before the body to the grave
(which was made in the body of the church)
singing Nunc dimittis. Thousands of people flockt
to this Cathedral, amongst whom many gave large
commendations of the Dean and Chapter, who
bestowed so honourable an interment on a
stranger at their own proper cost and charges.'
The exact site of this grave cannot be pointed out."
A. R. BAYLEY.
The burial of the murdered prince is
recorded under 21 October, 1661, in " The
Registers of the Cathedral Church of
Rochester, 1657-1837. Transcribed and
edited by Thomas Shindler, M.A., LL.B. of
the Inner Temple, Barrister at Law." The
editor prints, however, in his Introduction the
account from Mercurius Publicus, 1661,
No. 44, " From Thursday, Oct. 24, to Thurs-
day, Oct. 31," p. 686, which states that the
funeral took place "on Tuesday last,"
which was the 22nd.
I do not find any notice of the murder in
Murray's ' Guide to Kent,' Black's ' Guide
to Kent,' or Hasted's 'History of Kent.'
R. C. BOSTOCK.
Mr. W. B. Rye gives an account of the
murder in Archceologia Cantiana, vi. 70-72.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
[A. D. and COL. R. J. FYNMORK also thanked
for replies.!
' A VOICE FROM THE BUSH ' (11 S. iii. 48,
114, 214).— If Mr. Sladen were in England,
he would, I am sure, be the first to disclaim
the authorship of these verses, which MR.
SCOTT persists in attributing to him, for no
one knows better than he that they were
written by Mr. Mowbray Morris. Mr. Morris
has himself told me their history, and I have
his authority for repeating it now.
They were written in the autumn (our
spring) of 1871, when Mr. Morris was serving
on the staff of the late Sir James Fergusson,
then Governor of South Australia, and sent
to The South Australian Register, where they
were published with the title of ' Under the
Trees,' Mr. Sladen being at that time,
according to ' Who's Who,' a schoolboy of
fifteen in Cheltenham. On Mr. Morris's
return to England in 1873 the verses were
reprinted, as ' A Voice from the Bush,' in
Temple Bar, by permission of Mr. J. Howard
Clark, the editor of The South Australian
Register. In 1880 a complete edition of
Gordon's poems was published, with an intro-
duction by Marcus Clarke, which included
' A Voice from the Bush ' — an inclusion
which was met by a protest from many
people in South Australia, who were aware of
the true authorship. A letter signed
Lavington Giyde, and printed in The South
Australian Register of 26 September, 1880,
duly ascribed ' A Voice from the Bush ' to
Mr. Mowbray Morris, on the authority of Mr.
Howard Clark.
How the verses ever came to bear Mr.
Sladen' s name MR. SCOTT can ascertain from
Mr. Sladen' s own preface to a volume
called * Australian Poets ' (Griffith, Farran
& Co., 1888). C. W.
"WHEN SHE WAS GOOD," &c. (11 S. iii.
128, 234). — Some fifteen or twenty years ago
a well-known American lady told me that
when she was a very little girl Longfellow
took her on his knee and repeated the words
as follows : —
There was a little dirl,
And she had a little curl
Just in the middle of her forehead ;
And when she was dood,
She was very dood indeed,
But when she was naughty
She was horrid.
I know of no reason to doubt her word, nor
does there seem to be any reason why Long-
fellow should wish to suppress them.
E. MARSTON.
"MOUNER" (11 S. iii. 229).— It should
rather be mounier, which is Old French for
meunier, a miller, Lat. mollndrius. The
very same Latin word is represented in
English by Milner and Miller. I have found
a quotation which is quite decisive. In the
Inquisitiones post Mortem, vol. i. 64, No. 72,
some land is described as belonging to
" Willelmus le Mouner alias Miller, Felo"
272
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ns.m. APRIL 8,1011.
Felo signifies that he was, no doubt, a rascel ;
but there were some honest millers even
in the days of Chaucer.
WALTER W. SKEAT.
Mouner is always equivalent to "miller.'
To an agreement (14 Edward I.) between the
citizens of Norwich and the woad merchants
of Corbie and Amiens, Nicholas, Peter, and
Ralph le Mouner are three of the parties.
Each of their seals, still attached to the
original document, contains in some form
the canting device of a mill-rine.
FRANK W. HALDINSTEIN.
Norwich.
[A. C. and PROF. E. WEEKLEY also thanked for
replies.]
THOMAS JENNER OF ASCOT (11 S. iii. 209).
— Thomas Jenner was the representative of
a family which from the reign of Charles I.
had held the appointment at Windsor of
builder to the Crown. He was appointed
in 1821, by the Duke of York and the Marquis
of Cornwallis, Clerk of the Course at Ascot,
and he retained this position until 1837,
when changes were made in the manage-
ment, and he retired. He was succeeded by
my grandfather Mr. William Hibburd, who
was Clerk of the Course and Secretary to
the Trustees 1837-50. E. W. HIBBURD.
Ascot, Crouch End, N.
[MR. WILLOUGHBY MAYCOCK also thanked for
reply.]
' GUIDE FOR THE PENITENT ' (11 S. iii. 88).
— I have myself been able to get on the track
of the author of this work, but only to some
extent. Pusey in his tract ' The Church of
England leaves her Children JFree,' &c.,
mentions it as being due either to Taylor or
to Bp. Duppa. This was, I suppose, Brian
Duppa (b. 1588), sometime Dean of Ch. Ch.,
and successively Bishop of Chichester,
Salisbury, and Winchester. E. M. Fox.
The author of the ' Guide for the Penitent '
was Brian Duppa, Bishop of Salisbury,
afterwards of Winchester. The book ap-
peared as an independent publication in 1660.
See Watt's ' Bibliotheca Britannica ' under
Brian Duppa. S. S.
ROEITES OF CALVERTON (11 S. iii. 9, 194). —
While thanking MR. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL
for his reply, I may say that I am familiar
with the testimony of local, historical, and
topographical writers, none of whom treat
the subject in what would now be considered
a comprehensive sense. I had hoped to
learn of some non-local chronicler who had
dealt with the history of the movement
from a detached standpoint, but have not
thus far been successful. However, since
my query appeared I have gleaned many
entertaining particulars from contemporary
newspapers and controversial pamphlets,
which I hope to publish in the near future.
A. STAPLETON.
Nottingham.
HOLWELL FAMILY : J. PIGOTT : J. POWER
(11 S. ii. 528 ; iii. 74, 111, 192).— The date
of John Pigott's commission as ensign in the
39th Regiment was 5 January, 1750, and as
captain 6 May, 1772.
John Power's commission as ensign in the
same regiment was dated 16 December, 1752.
W. S.
" TEAPOY " : " CELLARETTE " : " GARDE-
VIN" (11 S. iii. 149, 194).— " Teapoy " is a
term well understood in ceramics. One
sees it constantly in the sale catalogues of
china nowadays.
A teapoy is a bottle of porcelain or pottery
used for holding tea in the old days, and is
generally of square form, with a lid of the
same material as the receptacle. I. have two
in my collection — one of early Staffordshire
pottery,' the other of Berlin porcelain —
and they do not differ much in shape. An
excellent example is figured, under this
specific name, in Prof. Church's ' English
Earthenware,' plate 41. It is of salt glazed
earthenware, and has on the front a
stamped representation of the tea plant,
with an inscription " Cia or Te Herb," and
on the reverse " Herb Tea." See also
Freeth's ' Old English Pottery,' p. 15.
Whatever the etymology of the word may
be, there can be no doubt what a " teapoy "
is, in England at all events.
E. T. B.
I have always understood that a " tea-
poy " was an earthenware canister, and that
the piece of furniture into which it fitted
was a " teapoy stand." I have seen the
word spelt — and I believe correctly — " tea-
puoy," but cannot give the reference.
J. T. Smith in ' Nollekens and his Times,'
1828, vol. ii. p. 243, mentions " Banks the
cellaret-maker." AITCHO.
Is not " cellarette " a simile for " garde-
vin " ? I have a piece of furniture which
used to be called a " gardevin," probably
about a hundred years old. It is a small
mahogany box, with an arched lid, having
inside six divisions for decanters. It stands
ii s. in. APRIL s, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
273
on four short legs. The word " gardevin "
is or was pronounced " gar-de-vin," the
last syllable riming with " din." At all
events, that was our pronunciation fifty
to sixty years ago. These " gardevins '
appear iiow and then in old furniture shops.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
LONG BARROWS AND RECTANGULAR
EARTHWORKS (11 S. iii. 88.). — The queris
is no doubt acquainted with Sonnenschein'
* Best Books,' pp. 469-70, and his ' Reader's
Guide,' p. 358, where certain works on the
above subjects are mentioned. Perhaps
some of the following books and articles
may have escaped his notice : —
Wright's ' Essays in Archaeology ' has a section on
' Barrows in East Yorkshire.'
Miss Maclagan's 'Hill Forts, Stone Circles, and
Sepulchral Remains of Scotland,' 1875, contains
descriptions of several barrows.
Barnes's 'Ancient Britons,' 1858, deals witl
1 Earthworks of the Britons.'
Anderson's 'Scotland in Pagan Times,' 1881-2,
2 vols., discusses various antiquities.
Transactions of Archaeological Inxt., 1853, deals
with ' British Barrows near Chichester.'
Xafnre, 1870, vol. i., considers 'Ancient British
Long Barrows.'
"Gentleman's Magazine Library" ('Archaeology,'
Part I., 1886) contains 'Barrows in Cornwall and
Dorsetshire ' and ' Accounts of Encampments,
Earthworks,' &c.
Transaction* Devon Association, vol. xxviii., gives
'Devonshire Assoc. Report of Barrow Committee."
Proceedings Somerset Archaeological Society, vol.
xlii., contains article on 'Two Barrows on the
Brendon Hills.'
T. S. R. W.
UNICORN ON ROYAL ARMS (US. iii. 187).—
Supporters have long been associated with
the blazonry of the royal shield. They are
said to havevbeen introduced by Edward III.,
to whom a lion and a falcon have been
assigned. The royal supporters varied con-
tinuously from the time of Edward III.
until the time of James I., since when they
have remained unchanged. Edward VI.
had a lion or and a dragon gu. and Mary
and Elizabeth had the same, with some-
times a greyhound arg. replacing the dragon
gu. on the sinister side. Two unicorns had
succeeded to two lions as the supporters of
Scotland before the birth of Mary Stuart's
son, James VI. of Scotland. When James
became the first Stuart King of Great
Britain he assumed as his supporters a
golden lion, representing England, on the
dexter, and a silver unicorn, representing
Scotland, on the sinister side of his shield.
The unicorn in heraldry signifies extreme
courage and great virtue. At the time of
its introduction as an heraldic device it was
not such a fabulous creature as it is now.
To its horn special virtues were attributed.
John of Herse, who made a pilgrimage to
Jerusalem in 1389, gives the following
interesting information : —
" Near the field Helyon in the Holy Land is the
river Mara, whose bitter waters Moses struck with
his staff and made sweet, so that the children of
Israel could drink thereof. Even now, evil and
unclean beasts poison it after the going down of the
sun ; but in the morning, after the powers of dark-
ness have disappeared, the unicorn comes from the
sea and dips its horn into the stream, and thereby
expels and neutralizes the poison, so that the other
animals can drink of it during the day. The fact
which I describe I have seen with my own eyes."
Guillim in his ' Display of Heraldry,' 1724,
p. 162, says : —
" The Unicorn hath his Name of his one Horn on
his Forehead. There is another Beast of a huge
Strength and Greatness, which hath but one Horn,
but that is growing on his Snout, whence he is called
Rinoceros, and both are named Morioceros, or One-
horned. It hath been much questioned among
Naturalists, which it is that is properly called the
Unicorn : And some have made Doubt whether
there be any such Beast as this, or no. But the
great Esteem of his Horn (in many places to be
seen) may take away that needless Scruple."
There is an interesting account of the
unicorn in Sir Thomas Browne's * Works *
(vol. i., Bonn's ed., 1852, pp. 337-43).
THOMAS WM. HTJCK.
Saffron Walden.
The unicorn was probably appropriated
as the sinister supporter of the royal shield
of England on account of its invincible
strength in combat. So strong was he, says
Bartholomeus (' De Proprietatibus Rerum,'
trans, by J. Trevisa, bk. xviii. § 90), " that
he is not taken with might of hunters."
Topsell in his ' Four-footed Beasts,' pp.
551-9, says that the unicorn is an
' enemy of the lions, wherefore as soon as ever a
ion seeth an Unicorn, he runneth to a tree for
succour, so that when the Unicorn maketh force
at him, he may not only avoid his horn, but also
destroy him ; for the Unicorn in the swiftness of
lis course runneth against the tree, wherein his
sharp horn sticketh fast ; then when the lion seeth
/he Unicorn fastened by the horn, without all
danger, he falleth upon him and killeth him."
The former racial animosity between
England and Scotland was typified in the
popular interpretation placed upon the two
animals, as referred to by Spenser in his
Faery Queene ' (ii. 5) :—
Like as a lyon, whose imperial power
A prowd rebellious unicorn defyes.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
274
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. APRIL s, ion.
James IV. of Scotland (1488-1513) seems
first to have used as supporters of his
arms the two silver unicorns royally gorged
and chained or, which figure also in a signet
of his granddaughter Mary, Queen of Scots.
James VI., when he succeeded to the crown of
England, assumed one of these unicorns as
the sinister supporter of his new coat-
armorial.
But is not RAVEN rather begging the
question in asking, " Why a fabulous
beast ? " The unicorn was not looked on
as fabulous until well on in the seventeenth
century, and is generally taken to be an
heraldic development of the Syrian antelope,
whose long straight horns, set close together,
appeared like one when viewed from the
side. There was in CasseWs Magazine of
some few years bask (I fear I cannot give
the date) a curiously interesting and in-
forming article, called ' The Rise of the
Unicorn.' A unicorn is more commonly
found as a charge ou Scottish than on
English shields ; and many well-known
Scottish families bear it.
OSWALD HUNTER BLAIR, O.S.B.
Fort Augustus.
The unicorn was made the supporter of
the royal arms of Scotland by James III.,
as may be seen upon his gold coins — the
unicorn and half -unicorn — struck in 1486.
A. R. BAYLEY.
The unicorn was an old device of the
Scottish kings, and subsequently the sup-
porter of the royal arms of that kingdom.
See Nisbet's remarks in his ' Heraldry,'
i. 304, ii. 35 (Edinburgh, WilHam Black-
wood, 1816). T. F. D.
In 1884 I stumbled on the owner (Mr.
Piceller) of a gilt-bronze badge representing
a unicorn, which was supposed by him to be
a relic of Hawkwood's English freelances,
having been dug up in a field near Ponte
S. Giovanni, 4 miles from Perugia, where
they fought bravely. Its .workmanship is
thought by experts to be of the fifteenth
rather than of the fourteenth century, but
I cling to a conviction that it was once worn
by an English man-at-arms who fell in the
siege by Hawkwood.
This unicorn I conveyed, at the request
of the late Sir Wollaston Franks of the
British Museum into the possession of the
English descendants of the Hawkwood
family (Coggeshall, Essex), to which he
claimed to belong. WILLIAM MERCER.
It is hardly necessary to say that, how-
ever " fabulous " the unicorn afterwards
became, the belief in its existence was
virtually universal in early times ; and
its reputation for courage and magnanimity
was such as amply to explain the choice of
it in heraldry. " It seemeth by a question
moved by Farnesius," says Guillim (quoted
by Miss Phipson),
" that the unicorn is never taken alive ; and the
reason being demanded, it is answered, that the
greatness or his mind is such, that he chooseth
rather to die than to be taken alive."— 'Display of
Heraldry,' p. 163, ed. 1724.
C. C. B.
There is a great deal of literature about
the unicorn, but RAVEN will find it all
embodied in a little work called ' The Uni-
corn : a Mythological Investigation,' by
Robert Brown, and in a more recent work by
John Vinycomb, * Fictitious and Symbolic
Creatures in Art,' A. RHODES.
[ScoTUS also thanked for reply.]
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
iii. 228).— The line,
As we journey through life, let us live by the way,
occurs in an old Border drinking song called
" Sae will we yet." There is much rollicking,
humorous, homespun philosophy in the
song, which is in the Lowland Scotch dialect.
I remember several of the verses, the first of
which is
Come sit ye doon, ma cronies,
An' gie us ye'r crack,
Let the win' tak' the care
O' this life on its back,
For oor hairts tae despondency
We never will submit ;
We hae lippened aye to Providence,
An' sae will we yet.
I never saw the song in print, and never
heard who was the author.
ANDREW HOPE.
Exeter.
' RENASCENCE : THE SCULPTURED TOMBS
OF ROME ' (U.S. ii. 304).— A critical genea-
logist has called my attention to a statement
by MR. GERALD S. DAVIES as to the relation-
ship of the " two vassal kings, Charles and
Charles Martel," who walked beside Boni-
face VIII. in the procession when that Pope
took possession of the Late ran, 23 January,
1295. Reference to Gregorovius (vol. v.
of Mrs. Hamilton's translation, published
by Bell, 1897) in which the "picturesque
incident " is related, readily determines the
question.
n s. in. APRIL s, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
275
On pp. 518-21, in the description of the
election of a successor to Nicholas IV. and
the bringing of Celestine V. from his hermit's
cavern to Aquila, Charles II. of Naples and
" his youthful son Charles Martel, titular
king and claimant of Hungary," led the
ass, on which the unfortunate Pontiff was
riding, " with reverent solicitude by the
bridle."
On the occasion of the coronation of Boni-
face VIII. at Rome (p. 532) it is stated :—
"beside him, clad in scarlet, walked two vassal
kings, Charles and Charles Martel, holding the
Ibridle of his horse. Only half a year before the
same kings had walked beside a Pope who wore a
Siermit's tunic and rode upon an ass."
It was Charles Martel, who died the same
year, grandson of Charles I., and not his son
Charles Robert, Charobert, or Caribert, the
great King of Hungary, great-grandson of
-Charles I., who took part in the two functions.
-Charles Robert appears not to have been
•called Charles Martel.
THEODORE F. D WIGHT.
La Tour de Peilz, Vaud, Switzerland.
H.M.S. PACTOLUS (11 S. iii. 209).—
Perhaps this extract from ' A Naval Bio-
graphical Dictionary,' by W. R. O' Byrne,
1849 (pp. 29, 30), may be helpful :—
" Aylmer, C.B., K.F.M. (Rear- Admiral of the Red,
1837).— In Jan., 1812, he next joined the Fortune,
36, in which he cruised for four months on the Irish
station. After an interval of half pay he was
-appointed, on 14 of the following Sept., to the
Pactolus, 38, and while in that frigate, in the
summer of 1815, he conducted an eminently success-
ful expedition to the Gironde in support of the
French King, which terminated in the royal colours
being hoisted on the castle of Bordeaux and the
^surrounding districts.* Previously to ths latter
•event the Pactolus, besides escorting the Duke of
-Cambridge to Cuxhaven, and his late Majesty to
the Scheldt, had, we believe, assisted at the bom-
•bardment of Stonington in America."
AlTCHO.
CHARLES FREDERICK HENNINGSEN AND
KOSSUTH (US. ii. 510; iii. 55).— Charles
Henningsen was the grandson of the Marquis
•de Henningsen who was guillotined by
Robespierre. His wife was condemned to
the same fate, but Robespierre died just
before the time appointed for her execution,
and she was saved. General Henningsen' s
eldest sister was the Lady Superior of the
-Convent in Grahamstown, South Africa.
Another sister, Henrietta Maria, lived in a
cottage in the convent grounds. .
When Abdul Kader had taken Kossuth
prisoner, Henningsen offered his sister
* Vide Gaz., 181f>, p. 1513.
Henrietta in exchange, but Lord Palmerston
would not allow it. She said to me years
afterwards : "I was quite willing to die for
Kossuth."
General Henningsen married a widow in
America. She built the hospital at Rich-
mond, and her son was the first patient.
General Henningsen was a remarkably
handsome man : I have his portrait.
W. GLANVILLE.
' WAVERLEY ' : DEPARTED HERO AND
THE SUN'S LINGERING LIGHT (US. iii. 207).
—Perhaps A. S. P. means the passage in
'Old Mortality,' chap, xxxiii., where Claver-
house is made to say : —
'* It is not the expiring pang that is worth thinking
of in an event that must happen one day, and may
befall us on any given moment — it is the niemory
which the soldier leaves behind him, like the long
train of light that follows the sunken sun — that is
all which is worth caring for, which distinguishes
the death of the brave or the ignoble."
W. MORISON.
In the chapter of ' Old Mortality ' which
has for motto Scott's famous lines in the old
heroic style, " Sound, sound the clarion,
fill the fife," &c., Claverhouse is repre-
sented as saying something that appears to
be an echo of Dry den's verse, and this echo
on the author's part is not improbable when
we remember Sir Walter's familiarity with
" glorious John." If my memory serve me
aright, there is a passage in ' Don Sebastian '
to the effect that
A setting sun
Should leave a track of glory in the skies.
See the first edition of Chambers' s ' History
of English Literature,' article ' Dryden.' The
critic, I think, applies these words to Dryden
himself, because his late literary career was
so splendid in achievement.
HAWTHORNDEN.
" PROBABILITY is THE VERY GUIDE OF
LIFE " (11 S. iii. 226). — Butler is quite as
likely to have derived his doctrine of pro-
bability from writers nearer his own time,
e.g., Hooker, * Ecclesiastical Polity,' Bk. I.
chap, viii., and Bk. II. chap. vii. ; Locke's
' Essay,' Bk. IV. c. xv., besides other refer-
ences all through these works. Hobbes
(' Leviathan ') also makes use of the doctrine.
W. BRADBROOK.
THE MAGPIE'S DEATH (11 S. iii. 187). —
I read this story in an old book of jests over
sixty years ago. It was entitled ' Breaking
the News,' and described a young man
returning to his home. On asking for news,
276
NOTES AND QUERIES. ins. HI. APRIL 8,1911.
he is informed that his old raven, is dead.
Further inquiries as to the bird's demise
gradually dev elope a series of misfortunes
to his family. The book was called ' The
Laughing Philosopher,' but as it contained
several stories of a rather too pronounced
character for boys, my father gave it away.
I should like to get a copy. A. MASSON.
28, Burma Road, Stoke Newington, N.
In the version with which I am familiar
it was the announcement of the death of a
raven that formed the introduction to a long
narrative of an extraordinary series of
misfortunes. The bird had overgorged itself
on the dead horses that had drawn a funeral
coach, &c. How does a magpie come in ?
I have read the story in German or French.
•i ; L. L. K.
STAGE HISTORY AS SHE is WROTE : WIL-
SON BARRETT (US. iii. 225). — In pointing
out one mistake MR. O'NEILL has fallen into
another, though a slight one. The part of the
Irish priest in ' Peep o' Day ' was played by
Mr. Barrett (known in the profession as
" Paddy " Barrett), of the Princess's and
Lyceum Theatres, who had been a prominent
actor at Sadler's Wells under Mr. Phelps ;
but Mr. Barrett's Christian names were
Henry Michael. There was no Mr. J.
Barrett. WM. DOUGLAS.
125, Helix Road, Brixton Hill.
AVICE CAPELL=JOHN WARNER (11 S.
iii. 228). — E. L. W. cannot be correct so
far as the residence of Richard Capell at
Ware Park, Hertford, is concerned. That
was the residence of Sir Henry - Fanshawe
and his son Sir Thomas Fanshawe, K.B.
(made Viscount Fanshawe in 1661) from
1601 to 1665, and had been the residence
of Thomas Fanshawe, father of Sir Henry,
from 1576, when he bought it from the
Countess of Huntingdon, to 1601.
H. C. FANSHAWE.
72, PLilbeach Gardens.
INDEXES LOCORUM TO PRINTED PARISH
REGISTERS (11 S. iii. 186, 256). — I am at
present engaged in indexing ' The Coventry
Leet Book,' transcribed and edited by Mary
Dormer Harris. I should be glad to have
the opinion of those who are frequently
using indexes of this kind as to whether it
would be any help to have dates added to the
index of names of* persons. My plan is
shown in the following example : —
Crose (Will.) (1400-50) 24, 33, 38, (1450-1500)
102, 113, 115, (1500-50) 324, 312, 355, <kc.
I thought this might be particularly useful
where fathers, sons, and grandsons have
the same name ; and in any case a date must
be a landmark, and takes up very little room.
But, so far, the idea has not received any
encouragement.
The index will also include place-names.
Please reply direct.
(Miss) JESSIE H. HAYLLAR.
19, Highdown Road, Hove.
' BIG BEN ' AND PHIL MAY (11 S. iii. 187,
237). — The statement that Big Ben was
never published seems to conflict with the
record in the * Periodical Publications *
section of the British Museum Catalogue.
Big Ben is there entered as a continuation
of The St. Stephen's Review, and as having
been published in 1892-3. There was a
previous Big Ben in 1883.
J. F. HOGAN.
Royal Colonial Institute,
Northumberland Avenue.
BISHOP WALKER OF DERRY (11 S. iii.
227). — Walker was never Bishop of Derry.
Tillotson certainly wrote to Lady Russel
on 19 September, 1689, " The King hath
made him Bishop of Londonderry " ; but
there was -no vacancy. Ezekiel Hopkins, the
bishop who fled from his see before the siege,
died only two days before Walker. The'
latter, as is well known, was killed at the
Boyne on 1 July (O.S.), 1690. "My liege,
the Bishop of Derry is killed at the ford,'r
cried a breathless messenger to the King.
" What brought him there ? " growled
William.
As regards portraits, in The Ulster Journal
of Archaeology, First Series, vol. ii., 1854, at
p. 262, there is a portrait of " The Reverend
& Valiant Mr. George Walker, Governour of
London Deny," reduced from an old
engraving. At p. 272 there is a foot-note
quoting a letter from Charlotte Elizabeth
(i.e., Mrs. Tonna) dated " November f-th,
1838" :—
" I write with a fine print hanging just opposite
me — an engraving by Vaudrebane [sir] — from the
spirited portrait taken by Sir Godfrey Kneller
and bearing the emphatic date 1680."
The Rev. John Graham in the preface to-
his ' History of the Siege of Londonderry,'
8vo, Dublin, 1829, says :—
" Sir Godfrey Kneller, at the King's command*
drew his picttire ; and copperplates struck off
from it were dispersed through the three king-
doms. In some of the prints he is drawn with a
Bible open at the 20th chapter of Exodus in onfr
hand, and a drawn sword in the other. His gar-
ment of a purple colour, and a large old-fashioned
band, form a strong contrast to the military sash
n s. in. APRIL s, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
277
appearing in crimson folds about his waist. A
copy of this curious print hung for half a century
over the parlour fireplace of a tavern in London-
derry. It was seen by the author a few years
ago, in the possession 'of the late Lieut/Walker
of the Royal Navy, who kindly permitted him to
have a copy taken of it. About eighty years ago
either the original or a copy of Kneller's portrait
of the venerable hero was in possession of Mr.
Hunter, a painter in Dublin ; from it, tradition
says, the likeness of Walker on the tapestry of
the Irish House of Lords was taken. It was sold
by Mr. Hunter to Mr. Joshua Deane of Palace
Row, Dublin, who claimed a collateral descent
from Walker. In his house it remained for fifty
years, and after his death it was purchased by
John Boyd, Esq., by whose permission it is
carried annually on the 7th of December to
Morrison's Hotel, in Dublin, where a numerous
and highly respectable Society of the descendants
of the defenders of Londonderry assemble to
honour the glorious memory of their ancestors."
The frontispiece to the volume is a portrait
of Walker as above described, with the addi-
tion of a pistol stuck in the sash, " from the
tapestry in the House of Lords & engd by
Kirkwood & Son."
THE EDITOR ' IRISH BOOK LOVER.'
While in London, Walker sat to Kneller by
the King's desire, and the engraved portrait
has been reproduced by Canon P. Dwyer
{' Siege of Londonderry in 1689,' London,
1893), who mentions various relics (p. 135n.).
Walker's portrait was also engraved by Peter
Vanderbank in 1689, as well as by Loggan,
R. White, Schenck, and others.
A. R. BAYLEY.
LADY O'LOONEY'S (MRS. JANE MOLONY'S)
EPITAPH (11 S. iii. 108, 154, 190).— There
are two epitaphs in a like strain at 6 S. ii.
404, where others are referred to.
J. T. F.
RICHARD ROLLE : ' THE PRICK OF CON-
SCIENCE ' (11 S. iii. 227). — In addition to
other MSS. of Richard Rolle of Hampole,
there have been at least two of ' The Prick
of Conscience ' in the Phillipps Collection,
so far as that wonderful library has been
dispersed at Sotheby's. I do not know
if exact references to these two MSS. will be
helpful to Miss ALLEN. They were both
fifteenth-century MSS. on vellum.
One was lot 596, 12 June, 1896, and con-
sisted of 274 pages in fine preservation, with
the following note by the cataloguer : —
'' This manuscript of Harnpole's famous poem
differs very considerably from other manuscripts
of this work, and Sir Thomas Phillipps suggests
that it is a paraphrase of it by Thomas of Arundel."
The second MS. was lot 670, 8 June, 1899,
and consisted of 236 pages ; it belonged to
Thomas Bower in 1615. Mr. Quaritch
purchased it for 26?., and he may be able to
trace the MS. to its present owner.
W. ROBERTS.
18, King's Avenue, Clapham Park, S.W.
A MS. copy of 'The Prick of Conscience,5
"differing considerably from other MSS.,"
was sold by Messrs. Sotheby in 1896, and
acquired by Mr. Quaritch for 29Z. 10s.
Allibone refers to various sources where
the question of authorship is discussed.
S. W. S.
I am not sure of the date, but I think an
important manuscript of ' The Prick of
Conscience ' was sold about the year 1903
by. Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge, in whose
catalogue it will be found described as
being " on vellum in English verse of the
end of the fourteenth century." It was
formerly the property of the famous Man-
chester philanthropist Humphrey Chetham,
and was found in a loft at Pennington Hall,
near Leigh in Lancashire, the seat of the
Hiltons, intimate friends of Chetham. A
similar, but less perfect MS. was sold in
1898 for 251. 10s.
In Quaritch's Catalogue (No. 261) it is
stated that the two English treatises more
especially assigned to Grosseteste — viz.,
* The Prick of Conscience ' and the ' Tract
on the Lord's Prayer ' — are almost certainly
both the work of Richard Rolle of Hampole.
It has not been definitely ascertained that
Grosseteste wrote anything in English except
a few sermons, and perhaps a translation of
Walter of Henley's ' Book of Husbandry.'
" Perhaps the linal test will have to rest on tha
evidence of dialect. Hampole wrote in Northum-
brian, Mannyng in Lincoln or Middle English,
Michel in Kentish. On the whole, the spelling
inclines apparently to the Northern dialect,
which would attach it to Hampole."
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
HARVEST SUPERSTITIONS : JUDGMENTS ON
IMPIETY (11 S. iii. 226). — A story closely
resembling the second version of the Hert-
fordshire legend is current in Lincolnshire.
In it the impious farmer sleeps till other
people have harvested their corn, when
beating rain spoils his crop before he awakes.
A shelter has to be built over him, as in the
Hertfordshire story.
A few years ago the tale was revived during
a showery summer. To my amusement,
I was asked if I had heard of the farmer who
was asleep and could not be roused because
he had spoken lightly of God.
SOUTHUMBRIAN.
278
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. APRIL s, mi.
Such things were related in Derbyshire,
Notts, and Lincolnshire more than sixty
years ago, and in all cases the incidents were
much the same as told by MB. GERISH.
The tale, as I have heard it told times over
years ago, and once quite recently, is to the
effect that, a farmer showing a friend round
his fields, the friend remarked upon a
particularly fine stretch of corn. The
farmer said : " Heigh ! if God '11 only let
it aloon ! " The farmer had " a stroke "
instantly, was carried home, and lay in bed
senseless for some weeks. From that day
the field of corn stood still, remained green
all through the summer, and as the crops
from other fields were being gathered the
stricken field faded " down to the ground."
T-HOS. RATCLIFFE.
MACAULAY'S ALLUSIONS (11 S. iii. 207). —
As indicated in the editorial note, the whole
paragraph from which the quotation is
taken applies almost exclusively to the
Irvingites. The allusion to some one
" coming down with messages from God to
the House of Commons " is to Henry
Drummond, M.P. for West Surrey, one of
the founders of the Irvingites, now known
as the Catholic Apostolic Church. Prince
Hohenlohe's miracles are referred to in a
previous part of the essay. SCOTTJS.
LAST MAIL COACH (US. iii. 186, 237).—
Without doubt, the mail coach in which
COL. FISHWICK travelled from Plymouth
to Truro in 1859 was one of the four " Quick-
silver " coaches. They were sclidly built
vehicles, designed for strength and speed ;
each could accommodate nine . passengers,
the comfort of whom was not seriously con-
sidered. The bodies of the coaches were
rather wide and squat, with small doors and
windows ; they were painted scarlet, and
the hind boot sloped down to the rear,
carrying the guard's perch, where he sat
guarding the mails.
The " Quicksilver " left Falmouth at
11 A.M., reaching Plymouth at 6 P.M. ; and,
vice versa, leaving Plymouth at 6 A.M.,
reached Falmouth at 1 P.M., the distance
being 70 miles. Thus the average rate at
which they travelled was 10 miles per hour,
including stoppages, changing horses, &c.
The quickest run between Plymouth and
Falmouth was down the Glynn valley, from
Draw Bridge (Halfway House) to Glynn
Bridge, 3£ miles in 10 minutes. The
'* galloping stage" on the up journey was
the 4 miles from Limekiln to Sheviock in
20 minutes. The stages were Plymouth,
! Sheviock, Treskilly, Limekiln, Liskeard,.
Halfway House, Bodmin, Bugle, St. Austeli
Grampound, Truro, and Falmouth. The
average length of a stage was 6 miles. The
Government paid the company Is. Qd. per
mile each way for carrying the mail bags.
Sam. Brewer, a noted local whip, drove on
the last day the coach ran, i.e., Sunday,
14 May, 1859. On the following day the
newly opened Cornwall Railway ran the-
first mail train. P. JENNINGS.
St. Day, Cornwall.
BENJAMIN D'ISRAELI OF DUBLIN (11 S. iii.
28, 134). — I think I must have taken the
spelling of this name from a copy of a deed
instead of looking at the original. The-
' Dublin, Directory ' for 1799 gives the
name of the notary public as Benjamin
D' Israel (without the i or the second Z).
J. T.
GOVERNORS OF THE ROYAL HOSPITAL,
CHELSEA (US. iii. 127, 235).— W. H. W.'s
names at the former reference are perfectly
correct. When Gleig's list differs, it is the
latter that is at fault. Thus the true date
of Stanwix's appointment is, as W. H. W_
stated, 13 January, 1714/15 (not 1714).
ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
Leamington.
0n ?800ks,
The House of Lord* during the Civil War. By~
Charles Harding Firth. (Longmans & Co.)
PROF. FIRTH'S books are always, as becomes his
office, accurate and full statements of their main
subjects, but they have the additional merit of
stimulating inquiry into, and of throwing light
upon a whole group of questions altogether outside
their direct scope. The House of Lords, from its
origin to the present day, has been intimately con-
cerned in the discussion of almost every constitu-
tional question that has arisen in our history, and.
Prof. Firth, though he has refrained from indicat-
ing points of similarity between the controversies
of the seventeenth century and those of the
twentieth, has given us the opportunity of satis-
fying ourselves that the difference between the
popular oratory of that time and our own is
small. We have no intention of entering at.
length on a discussion of the main features of the
book, which have, indeed, received adequate
attention and well-morited praise elsewhere ; but
a few notes on some minor points will be of interest;
to readers of ' N. tSr Q.'
Prof. Firth's introductory remarks on the
Position of the peerage under Elizabeth and
ame.s I. are of great value, but he hardly empha-
sizes the commanding position the peers held at
the accession of James, which is illustrated by the
action of the Howards at the Council on the deathu
u s. in. APRIL s,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
279
of Elizabeth. S. R. Gardiner's account does
not do justice to the situation. There was
at the moment, with a possibly disputed accession,
no legal authority in England except the peers,
and they alone could act. This dilemma was
reflected by the change in the Accession Pro-
clamation. Before that time every new monarch,
even if an infant, had proclaimed his accession
in his own name, but James could not do so
without risk and delay ; he was proclaimed,
therefore, by the peers and magnates — a true
Great Council — and it was not till new patents
had been made out by James's order that the
ordinary administration could resume its
functions. The stress laid in Stuart times
on landed property as a qualification for the
peerage was not only founded on a definite
economic and political theory, but also rested on
an historical basis. The ' Modus tenendi Parlia-
mentum ' is, of course, only evidence of the
political theories of its time (Richard II.), but
on this point it coincides with much other evidence
as to the qualification for summons to the early
Parliaments being connected closely with the
holding of a certain number of knights' fees.
Readers will appreciate the great divergence of the
estimates as to the distribution o| wealth between
the Lords and the Commons, which may be
compared with Temple's a few years later, when
drawing up his scheme for the regeneration of the
Privy Council.
A subject of more than ordinary constitutional
interest is the difference laid down during the
Civil War between the peerage and the right of
sitting as a Lord of Parliament. On two separate
occasions it was formally agreed both by
Charles I. and by Parliament that persons raised
to the peerage by him after a certain date should
be peers of England, but should not have the right
to sit in the House of Lords or to vote. On one
of these occasions it was added that to obtain this
right the new peers must be approved by a vote of
both Houses. Prof. Firth does not emphasize this
discussion in any way, and a casual reader is likely
to overlook a constitutional point which has
become one of some importance. A full dis-
cussion of the separability of these privileges of
peerage may be found in Prynne, whose know-
ledge of our records has only been surpassed by one
student, happily still among us. A number of
other interesting constitutional points will suggest
themselves to every reader of this valuable and
well-written history.
The National Review is vigorous, as usual, in
' Episodes of the Month.' ' A Heroic Woman,'
by Ignotus, is a favourable view of the Empress
Eugenie, presented as due to modern historians
of the Franco-German War. We cannot endorse
all that is said, or free the Empress from the
charge of causing confusion by taking it on herseli
to give orders apart from her husband. To cal'
her career " the most tragic in all history " is over-
strained. She has always been able to live in
comfort, and she has never been imprisoned — to
take two points only. ' The Case for Woman's
Suffrage ' is a speech by Lord Selborne, which Th
National prints with a laudable desire to be above
that " conspiracy of silence " which certainly
affects some publications. Mr. W. M. Fuller-
ton thinks that ' The New French Ministry ' is
not so bad as it was painted in the first days after
the fall of M. Briand. Mary M. Maxwell dwells
n ' The Lack of Privacy in the American Home,'
which has many conveniences of equipment, but
wants doors. The children bounce in on their
parents at all times, and even borrow brushes
rom visitors. Mr. C. Hagberg Wright has a very
nteresting article on ' The Beginnings of the
London Library,' an institution for which many
a reader has to thank the grumblings of Carlyle.
Capt. Humphries opens up in ' Apparitions of
Animals ' a subject that would repay scientific
nvestigation. There seems little doubt that the
dog at least shares in collective hallucinations.
The Captain, however, should not write of pheno-
mena, " the bond fides of which are beyond
question." There is a double mistake here which
a man of education ought to have avoided.
IN The Nineteenth Century ' God's Test by War,'
Mr. H. F. Wyatt, contains a number of
debatable statements which readers may find
difficulty in believing. Mr. W. S. Lilly's ' Some
Notes on Chateaubriand ' tells us little that is new,
and contains some exaggerated language which is
not impressive. Bishop Welldon brings forward
some striking comparisons of different renderings
in a good article on ' The Making of the Authorized'
Version,' and Mr. Ian Malcolm writes some enter-
taining ' Humours of English Elections.' This
article is not entirely fresh to us, but anecdotes
in these days are frequently repeated. In ' The
Story of the " Crown Domain " ' Mr. E. D. Morel
once again exposes the horrors of the Congo, and
the unblushing efforts made by the late Belgian
King to bribe journalists and silence the com-
plaints of investigators. ' The Case of Gwendo-
line Casson, Misdemeanant,' by H. M. Wallis, is a
pitiful story of a girl whose case has some peculiar
features which made it difficult to help her. Sir
Harry Johnston in ' The Seamy Side of Travel '
offers some very sensible criticisms of avoidable
discomfort on English railways and elsewhere.
We notice also an article by Dr. R. Y. Tyrrell on
' Our Debt to Latin Poetry as distinguished from
Greek,' which cannot fail to interest classical
scholars. The writer is a master of his subject
and has besides an attractive liveliness. We
congratulate The Nineteenth Century on a number
so well varied, and on an increase of interest in
literary matters.
IN The. Cornhitl Sir Laurence Gomme has
brought together the results of various inquiries
concerning the folk-lore of ' Telling the Bees,'
in which our own columns have been concerned.
Mr. Horace Hutchinson has a pretty story in
which a war correspondent is going to be shot
or hung as a spy until his Yankee judge discovers
that both shared ' The Home of their Fathers '
in North Devon, and arranges for his getting off..
' The Meaning of Death ' is discussed by Mr.
Julian Huxley with reference to various experi-
ments on lower forms of life. Sir Edmund Cox
on ' Pig-sticking in India ' writes with an enthu-
siasm which the sport deserves. " A Doctor's
Wife " has an obviously genuine, and so interest-
ing account of the trials and pleasures of ' A
Country Practice.' Mr. A. C. Benson's subject
this month is ' Frederic Myers,' with whom he
does not seem to have had the same degree of
intimacy as appeared in some of his earlier
subjects. He writes, however, well on a man of
singular mark, though vre cannot regard his
portrait as a, complete one. The literary competi*
tion set this month concerns Dickens.
280
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. A,BIL a, mi.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — APRIL.
MR. BARNARD'S Tunbridge Wells Catalogue 42
contains Antiquarian, Bibliographical, and
Miscellaneous Books. There are numerous
volumes of Archaeologia. A copy of Saint-
Allais's ' Art de verifier les Dates,' 18 vols., 1818-
1819, is 21. 2s. There are publications of the Biblio-
graphical Society, and of the Cainden Society,
and a number of interesting catalogues. Other
items include the ' Facsimiles of National Manu-
scripts of Scotland,' selected by Craig, 3 vols., large
folio, 1867-72, 4.1. 4s. ; Gillow's ' History of the
English Catholics,' 5 vols., 21. 15s. ; and Burke's
* Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies,' second
edition, 1841, 21. 5s.
Mr. Andrew Baxendine's Edinburgh Catalogue
122 contains numerous works on Angling, a
Clearance List of Bibles, and books on Birds.
Many editions of Burns appear, including Allan
Cunningham's, 8 vols., 1834, 11. 10s., and a tall
copy of the first London edition, 1787, red morocco,
31. 10s. Qd. Under Rebellion, 1745, is a collection
of the proclamations of Charles, Prince of Wales,
and other Rebellion literature, 1745-7, 21. 6s.
There are lists under Mary, Queen of Scots, and
Scotland. Among first editions of Scott are
' Kenilworth,' ' Quentin Durward,' and ' Red-
fiuntlet.' Other items include Barrie's Works,
dition de Luxe, 10 vols., half-vellum, 1896-1900,
4:1. 10s. Qd. ; Cunningham's ' Songs of Scotland,'
4 vols., 15s. Qd. ; Gilfillan's ' Poets,' 48 vols., half-
calf, 1859, 51. 10s. Qd. ; Hood's Complete Works,
10 vols., half -calf, 21. 5s. Qd. ; Kinglake's
' Crimea,' 8 vols., half -calf, 31. 3s. ; the Library
Edition of Macaulay, 8 vols., tree calf, 31. 10s. Qd. ;
Motley's Works, 9 vols., 21. 5s. ; and a set of
the New Spalding Club, 1887 to 1909, 36 vols.,
4to, original cloth, as new, 11. 7s.
Mr. Bertram Dobell's Catalogue 194 contains
first editions of Matthew Arnold and works under
Alpine, America, Art, Bells, Bibliography, and
Ohapbooks. Under Defoe is a collection of tracts,
including ' The Life and Strange Surprizing
Adventures of Mr. D — De F — of London,
Hosier, in a dialogue between him, Robinson
Crusoe, and his Man Friday,' 1719, 10s. Qd. Under
Isaac D' Israeli is * Flim-Flams,' 3 vols., 12mo,
1806, 7s. There is a unique copy of Huth's
' Inedited Poetical Miscellanies, 1584-1700,'
4:1. 4s. Only 50 were printed for private circula-
tion : this copy was presented by Huth to the late
Alexander Smith of Glasgow, and he has added
his reprint of the piece referred to in the preface,
' Of London Phisicons.' The section entitled
Volumes of Pamphlets includes* collections under
Blasphemy Trials, Bradlaugh, Catchpennies,
Clerical Anecdotes, Holyoake, Marriage and
Divorce, Shaker Communism, and Shakespeare.
The catalogue closes with some choice items
recently purchased, one being the first edition of
* Paradise Regained,' a fine crisp copy in the
original calf, with the licence leaf and the leaf of
errata, 1671, 301. Among engraved song-books
are a fine clean copy of ' Clio and Euterpe ; or,
British Harmony,' 3 vols., 1759-62, 101. 10s. ;
1 Calliope ; or, English Harmony,' 2 vols., 71. 10s. ;
and ' Universal Harmony ; or, The Gentleman
and Ladies Social Companion,' Newbery, 1746,
6/. Qg.
Mr. Francis Edwards's Catalogue 308 contains
works under Alphabets and Monograms, America,
arid Art. Bibliographies include Ruskin, Matthew
Arnold, and English Military Books to 16 4°
Under Birds is Lilford's ' Birds of the British
Islands,' first issue, in the original parts, 1885-
1897, 481. Under Book-plates are both series of
Armorial Book-plates ' in 1 vol., 4to, half-morocco
1884-92, Ql. 10s., as well as ' Irish Book-plates '
11. 16s. A set of the English Dialect Society,
1874-96, is 102. ; and a rare set of The European
Magazine, 1782-1824, with portraits, 85 vols.
new half -calf, 24.1. Under Gardens and Botanical
Literature are some choice works, including a
set of Curtis' s Magazine, Edwards and Lindley's
' Botanical Register,' and Sowerby's ' English
Botany.' There are works under Italy, Portugal,
Spain, Russia, and Paris. A complete set of the
Transactions of the Royal Society is 250L Other
items include the Library Edition of George
Washington's writings, 12 vols., Boston, 1839-40,
4:1. ; Carlyle, 34 vols., 8vo, 11. 15s. ; Kinglake's
' Crimea,' 8 vols., 21. 14s. ; Dickens, Gadshill
Edition, 34 vols., 11. ; Jesse's ' London,' 4 vols.,
original editions, 1847-50, 51. 5s. ; Roberta's
' Holy Land,' 4 vols., atlas folio, half-morocco,
51. ; and Scott, Abbotsford Edition, 12 vols.,
royal 8vo, half-morocco, 1842, 51. There is a
copy of what Mr. Edwards describes as " one of
the most beautiful books ever published," ' II
Vaticano descritto ed illustrate da Erasmo
Pistolesi,' containing 850 large plates, 8 thick
vols. royal folio, half-vellum gilt, Rome, 1^^
11. 5s. (published at 60/. ).
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
to <K0rasp0ntonis.
We must call special attention to the followino
notices:—
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to " The Editor of ' Notes and Queries ' "— Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery-
Lane, E.G.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
C. C. and P. H. W.-Forwarded.
CORRIGENDUM.— Ante, p. 131, col. 2, 1. 20 from foot,
for "Greenwood" read Greenhill.
ii s. 111. APRIL 15, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
281
LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL JJ, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 68.
NOTES : — The Tercentenary of the Authorized Version,
281— City Churches Destroyed or Demolished, 282— Bibles
with Curious Readings — Order for a Bible temp. James I.,
284— Hare Folk-lore and Easter— Harrison the Regicide-
Wellington Statues in London, 285 -Burns and the "wee
wee German lairdie " — Expedition to Ireland, 1571 —
" Burgling "—First Rhinoceros in England, 286.
•QUERIES :— Nelson and the Victory -Josiah Charley—
Wall Churches at Bristol— Sir Walter Scott's Poet
Ancestor— Black Bandsmen, 287— Swedish Mission to
Abyssinia— Vestry held on Lady Day— Dr. T. Burton—
J. B. Falkener— J. Heath — Humphrey Henchman— T.
Gray and Mail Coaches — The Roebuck and the Arcoul,
288— E. Ravenscroft- Count Leiningen's Memoirs— 'Tom
Jones': Dowdy— G. Aarons, P.M.— Alexander Cunning-
ham, R.N.— " Aleppo Merchant "Inn— Bishop B. Vigors
—Marshal Tallard, Prisoner of War, 289.
REPLIES :— Bishop Ken— Pawper Bird, 290— Terrace-
Eminent Librarians — Yews in Churchyards, 291 — A Cousin
of Boswell— Junius and the Duke of Bedford— Dutchmen
in Pembroke— Sweetapple Surname: B. Hodgkin, 293—
Sir W. Romney — Ear - piercing— €rordon=Arbuthnot—
Litany : Spitting and Stamping the Feet, 294— Cbamney
Family — " Essex " as Christian Name — Capt. Cook
Memorials, 295— Emperor and Painter— Benjamin Franklin
and Dreams, 296 — Gale Family— Sonnets by Rafael—
Unicorn on Royal Arms— Simon de Montfort: French
Poem, 297 -Double Dedications— Bell Inscription at Fal-
mouth — William Chalmers of Fintray — Elephant and
Castle in Heraldry -' St. Monica '—Murderers reprieved
for Marriage— Oundle, 298.
NOTES ON BOOKS :— Lang on ' The World of Homer '—
' The Book of the Dead.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
THE TERCENTENARY OF THE
AUTHORIZED VERSION.
THE exhibition of Bibles and documents at
the British Museum in connexion with this
great Tercentenary was described in The
Athenceum of the 18th of March, but no history
of the Tercentenary celebrations would be
complete without a record of the remark-
able exhibition now open (and to remain
open during the rest of the year) at the John
Ry lends Library, Manchester, of the manu-
scripts and printed copies of the Scriptures
belonging to that institution. I am indebted
to Mr. Henry Guppy for an early copy of the
Catalogue he has prepared, in which he has
included a valuable sketch of the history of
the transmission of the Bible. In this sketcli
reference is made to the discovery (due to
William Cureton in 1842) of some fragments
in the British Museum of the old Syriac
version of the New Testament, very different
from that of the Peshitta. This version
received the name of the Curetonian Syriac.
No considerable portion of it was known,
however, until 1892, when Mrs. Lewis and
her sister. Mrs. Gibson discovered a palimp-
sest manuscript on Mount Sinai which they
photographed ; the underwriting of this was
found to be a nearly complete copy of the
four Gospels of a textual character closely
I akin to that of the Curetonian.
This country, which was to be distin-
[ guished in after years for its zeal in printing
and circulating the Scriptures, was, Mr.
Guppy points out, " late in entering the
lists. England was nourishing her faith
on manuscript copies cf Wiclif's versions
long after the time when Bibles in the
vernacular were being printed in other
countries." This is apparent from the
Rylands exhibits, which include the follow-
ing first vernacular Bibles other than
English : —
Dutch, Delft, 1477.
French, Lyons, 1473-8.
German, Strassburg, 1466.
Italian, Venice, 1471.
Luther's New Testament, Wittemberg,
1522, and Luther's first Bible, Nuremberg,
1524, are also shown, as well as the first
Bible with verse divisions, Lyons, 1528.
" When James VI. of Scotland svicceeded to the
throne in England as James I. in the year 1603,
there were three notable Protestant versions of
the Bible in the popular tongue : The ' Great
Bible,' the ' Genevan,' and the ' Bishops'."
At the Hampton Court conference held
in January, 1604, James agreed to the pro-
posal made by Dr. John Rainolds that a
new translation of the Bible should be
undertaken, with the well-known result
that in 1611 the new version was given
to the public.
As to its being called the Authorized
Version, Mr. Guppy remarks that, '* strange
to say, it was never formally authorized.
Indeed, much of its history is involved in
obscurity " ; and he quotes Dr. Scrivener,
who says : " Never was a great enterprise
like the production of our ' Authorized
Version ' carried out with less knowledge
handed down to posterity of the labourers,
their method, and order of working."
" No evidence," continues Mr. Guppy, " has
yet been produced to show that the version was
over publicly sanctioned by Convocation, or by
Parliament, or by the Privy Council, or by the
King. It was not even entered at Stationers'
Hall, with the result that it is now impossible
to say at what period of the year 1611 the book
was actually published.''
282
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii s. m. APRIL 15, 1911.
With regard to criticism of the new version,
Mr. Guppy says that "it is not generally
known that the work of revision began so
early" as 1638, when the first folio Cambridge
edition of the Authorized Version was
published. This edition, a copy of which
is among the exhibits, " contains evidence
of careful and extensive revision of the text,
italics, and marginal readings. It remained
the standard text until the publication of
the Cambridge edition of 1762, edited by
Dr. Paris."
From 1653 for two centuries demands con-
tinued to be made for a revision. " It was
not until 1870, however, that steps were taken
in earnest to have a thorough revision of
the whole Bible instituted. The honour of
being the first to take action in this matter
belongs to the Convocation , of Canterbury."
It may be well to note that the revisers
began their labours in June, 1870. The
New Testament was completed in November,
1880, and published on the 17th of May, 1881.
The revision of the Old Testament was com-
pleted on the 20th of June, 1884, and was
published on the 19th of May, 1885. The
Apocrypha was not published until 1895.
Mr. Guppy, with his usual courtesy,
acknowledges the help that his colleagues,
Mr. Vine, Mr. Peacock, and Mr. A. Kiddle,
have rendered him.
JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.
CITY CHURCHES DESTROYED OR
DEMOLISHED.
IT may be well to put on record in 4 N. & Q.'
the changes which have taken place in the
churches of the City of London from the
time of the Great Fire of 1666.
Before the fire there were ninety parishes,
each with its parish church, with the excep-
tion of S. Mary Axe, the church of which was
pulled down in 1561.
After the fire the following thirty - five
parish churches were not rebuilt, but their
parishes were united with others : —
All Hallows, Honey Lane.
All Hallows the Less, Thames Street.
S. Andrew Hubbard.
H. Anne, Blackfriars.
8. Benet, Sherehog.
S. Botolph, Billingsgate.
S. Faith under S. Paul.
S. Gabriel, Fenchurch Street.
S. Gregory by S. Paul.
Holy Trinity, Garlick Hill.
S. John the Baptist, Walbrook.
S. John the Evangelist, Cheap side.
John Zachary.
Lawrence, Abchurch Lane.
Leonard, Eastcheap.
S. Leonard, Foster Lane.
S. Margaret Moses.
S. Margaret, New Fish Street.
S. Martin Orgar.
S. Martin Pomeroy.
S. Martin Vintry.
S. Mary Bothaw.
S. Mary Colechurch.
S. Mary Mounthaw.
S. Mary Staining.
S. Mary Woolchurch.
S. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street.
Michael-le-Quern.
S. Nicholas Aeons.
S. Nicholas Olave.
S. Olave, Silver Street.
S. Pancras, Soper Lane.
S. Peter, Cheap.
S. Peter, Paul's Wharf.
S. Thomas the Apostle.
The following twenty-four churches have
been taken down, their sites sold, and their
parishes united with others, on account of
the large decrease in the population of the
City, which at the census of 1901 only
amounted to 26,923 :—
All Hallows, Bread Street.
All Hallows the Great.
All Hallows Staining.
S. Antholin.
S. Bartholomew, Exchange.
S. Bartholomew, Moor Lane.
S. Benet Fink.
S. Benet, Gracechurch Street.
S. Christopher-le-Stock.
S. Dionis Backchurch.
S. George, Botolph Lane.
S. James, Duke's Place.
S. Martin Outwich.
S. Mary, Somerset.
S. Matthew, Friday Street.
S. Michael Bassishaw.
S. Michael, Crooked Lane.
S. Michael, Queenhithe.
S. Michael, Wood Street.
S. Mildred, Poultry.
S. Olave, Jewry.
S. Peter-le-Poer.
S. Thomas, Liberty of the Rolls.
S. Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street, was burnt in
1886 and not rebuilt.
Holy Trinity, Gough Square, is closed, but not
yet pulled down.
Holy Trinity, Minories, is now used as a Sunday
school and for other parochial purposes.
The general rule with regard to the sale
of church sites has been to devote the
proceeds wholly or in part to building
churches in parishes indicated by the bishop.
The incomes, with some exceptions, have
been allocated by Orders in Council for the
endowment of new parishes and for the
augmentation of poor benefices within the
diocese.
1
us. in. APRIL 15, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
283
PARISHES UNITED.
The following is the list of parishes united with others in the City of London : —
UNITED TO —
1. S. Benet, Gracechurch Street
2. S. Leonard, East-cheap
3. S. Dionis Backchurch
4. S. Mary Axe
5. Holy Trinity, Minories
0. S. James, Duke's Place
7. S. Martin Orgar
8. S. Nicholas Aeons
9. S. Martin Outwich
10. S. Margaret, New Fish Street
11. S. Michael, Crooked Lane . .
12. S. Christopher-le-Stock
1.'5. S. Bartholomew, Exchange
1 1. S. Olave, Old Jewry
15. S. Martin, Pomeroy
10. K. Mildred, Poultry ..
17. S. Mary, Colechurch. .
18. S. Gabriel, Fenchurch
19. S. George, Botolph Lane
19*. 8. Andrew Hubbard
20. S. Botolph, Billingsgate
21. S. Mary Woolchurch
22. All Hallows Staining
2:5. S. Benet Fink
2L S. Olave, Silver Street
25. S. Michael. Wood Street
20. S. Mary Staining . .
27. S. Anne, Blackl'riars
28. S. John /.aehary, Gresham Street
2<). S. Faith, Waiting Street
:',<). S. Leonard, Foster Lane
31. S. Thomas. Liberty of the Rolls
32. S. Bartholomew, Moorfields
33. S. Michael, Queenhithe
31. Holy Trinity the Less, Gariick Hill
35. S. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street
:i<>. S. Michael Bassishaw
37. S. Mary Magdalen, Old Fi«h Street
38. S. Gregory by S. Paul
3J). S. Lawrence. Abchurch Lane
40. S. Thomas the Apostle
41. S. Ant-holm
42. S. John the Baptist, Walbrook
4:5. S. Pancras, Soper Lane
44. All Hallows, Honey Lane . .
45. All Hallows, Bread Street . .
40. S. John the Evangelist, Cheapside
47. S. Martin, Vintry
48. All Hallows the Great and Less
41). S. Margaret Moses
50. S. Nicholas, Olave
51. S. Mary Somerset
52. S. Mary Mounthaw . .
5'5. S. Peter, Paul's Wharf
5t. S. Benet, Sherohog ..
55. S. Mary Bothaw, London Stone
5C>. s. Michael-le-Quern
57. S. Matthew. Friday Street .
.')>. S. Peter. Cheap
•r>(.». s. Peter-le-Poer
f!t>. Holy Trinity, Gough Square
. j- All Hallows, Lombard Street.
S. Andrew Undershaft.
. S. Botolph, Aldgate.
. S. Catharine Cree.
S. Clement, Eastcheap.
S. Edmund the King, Lombard Street..
S. Helen, Bishopsgate.
' j- S. Magnus the Martyr, London Bridge.
' r S. Margaret, Lothbury.
S. Margaret Pattens.
'. Is. Mary-at-Hill.
|
S. Mary Woolnoth.
S. Olave, Hart Street.
S. Peter-le-Poer.
S. Alban, Wood Street.
S. Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe.
SS. Anne and Agnes, Gresham Street v
S. Augustine, Watling Street.
Christ Church, Newgate Street.
S. Dunstan-in-the-\Vest, Fleet Street..
S. Giles. Cripplegate.
S. James?, Garlickhithe.
S. Laurence, Jewry.
S. Martin, Ludgate.
S. Mary, Abchurch.
S. Mary, Aldermary.
. ' S. Mary-le-Bow.
• | S. Michael Royal.
S- Mildred, Bread Street.
S. Nicholas, Cole Abbey.
S. Stephen, Walbrook.
S. S within, Cannon Street.
S. Vedast, Foster Lane.
S. Michael, Cornhill.
S. Brirle, Fleet Street.
••1
Other unions have been recently (Arranged, but r,ro not completed.
J. J. GLENDINNINQ NASH.
284
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. APRIL 13, 1911.
BIBLES WITH CURIOUS READINGS.
IN this Tercentenary year an enumeration of
curious readings in some editions of the
Bible may be of interest.
The "Bugge Bible," 1535.— In Coverdale's
translation of Psalm xc. we find : "So
yfc thou shalt not nede to be affrayed for
•eny bugges by night nor for arrowe that
flyeth by daye." The reading in the A.V.
<(xci. 5) is " terrors." The old word " bugges,"
.as is well known, merely signified bugbears,
objects of terror.
The " Breeches Bible," 1560. — Gen. iii. 7
reads : " Then the eies of them both were
•opened, and they knew that they were
snaked, and they sewed figge tree leaves
together and made themselves breeches,"
instead of " aprons."
The " Placemakers' " Bible, 1561-2.—
Matt. v. 9 reads : " Blessed are the place-
makers ; for they shall be called the children
,of God," instead of " peacemakers."
The " Treacle Bible," 1568.— Jer. viii. 22
treads : "Is there not treacle at Gilead ? Is
there no physician there ? " instead of
" balm."
The " Rosin " Bible, 1609, in the same
verse reads : "Is there no rosin in Gilead ? "
The " Great He Bible."— This is the first
.edition of the A.V., 1611. It is so called
because in Ruth iii. 15 the verse ends " and
he went into the city."
The " Great She Bible."— The second
-edition, 1611-13, where the reading is
" and she went into the city."
The " Printers' Bible," c. 1612-13.—
Psalm cxix. 161 reads : " Printers have
" Printers' Bible,"
cxix. 161 reads :
persecuted me without a cause," instead of
" Princes." For the date of this Bible see
US. ii. 408, 475.
The " Wicked Bible," 1631.— Named from
its omission of the word " not " in the Seventh
Commandment. It is an edition printed in
small type, prefaced with the " Booke of
Common Prayer," and having appended
the " Booke of Psalmes," done into " English
meeter " by Sternhold and Hopkins, " with
apt notes to sing them withall."
The " Unrighteous Bible," 1653.— 1 Cor.
^i. 9 reads : " Know ye not that the un-
righteous shall inherit the kingdom of God,"
for " shall not inherit."
The " Vinegar Bible," 1717.—" The Par-
able of the Vinegar," instead of the " Vine-
yard," appears in the chapter-heading to
Luke xx. in an Oxford edition of 1717.
The "Wicked Bible," the "Unrighteous
Bible," and the " Vinegar Bible " are now
on view among the Bibles exhibited at the
British Museum.
The " Standing Fishes Bible," 1806.—
Ezek. xlvii. 10 reads : " And it shall come
to pass that the fishes will stand upon it,"
instead of " fishers."
The " Discharge Bible," 1806.— 1 Tim.
v. 21 reads : "I discharge thee before God,"
instead of " charge."
The " Ears to Ear Bible," 1810.— Matt,
xiii. 43 reads : " Who hath ears to ear,
let him ear."
The "Wife-hater Bible," 1810.— Luke
xiv. 26 reads : "If any man come to me,
and hate not his father. . . .yea, and his
own wife also," instead of " life."
The " Rebekah's Camels Bible," 1823.—
Gen. xxiv. 61 reads : " And Rebekah arose,
and her camels" instead of " damsels."
TOM JONES.
[A list from another contributor contained the
following additions :]
The " Religious Bible," 1637. — This con-
tains the word religious, instead of " rebel-
lious," in Jer. iv. 17 : " Because she hath
been rebellious against me, saith the Lord."
The "Bank Note Bible," 1796.— An
eccentric printer conceived the idea of
printing the Scriptures entirely on bank-
note paper, hence the name.
The "To-Remain Bible."— When this
Bible was in the press at Cambridge, the
proof-reader, in doubt whether he should
remove a comma, applied to his superior,
who pencilled on the margin the words
"to remain." This reply was transferred
to the body of the text, so that Gal. iv. 29
reads : " Persecuted him that was born after
the spirit to remain, even so it is now."
T. SHEPHERD.
ORDER FOR A BIBLE TEMP. JAMES I. —
Among the uncalendared documents of the
Court of Requests, Bundle 377, Elizabeth
(various), is the following note, strayed
hither from the next reign : —
" Mr. Knight. I pray you send me now by John
Bruar a Byble in Quarto, in English with the Geneva
notes, and ye singing Psalms in the end. 1 pray
you let it be of the best print, well bounde in paste
with green silk stringes. Let it be perfect in every
respect, without defect or blemish. I have sent
you for the same ten shillings. If ye price be more,
Bruar shall give it you ; if lesse, I hope you will not
take so much. Send mee in two words what ye price
is of Epiphanius in Latin in folio of Basil print, and
so for this tyme I commit you to ye protection of ye
Almighty. Chippenham, ye last of December, 1607.
" Postscript. I pray you also send mee ye price of
a Geneva Bible a good one in Quarto, at ye second
ns.m.A,KiLi5,i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
285
hand if you know of any : if you know not, enquire
ot some against ye next returne of ye carrier, but in
the mean time neglect not to send now that which I
have now written for. Iterum Vale. [No signa-
ture.]
[Addressed :] " To my very loving friend Mr.
Clement Knight at ye holy Lambe in Paules Church-
yard These."
C. C. STOPES.
HARE FOLK-LORE AND EASTER. — One
rarely meets with items of folk-lore in the
Calendar of State Papers, but in the volume
for 1619-23, Domestic, under date 6 April,
1620, Thomas Fulixetby writes to Lord
Zoueh to beg leave to kill a hare on Good
Friday, as huntsmen say that those who have
not a hare against Easter must eat a red
herring. W. B. GERISH.
HARRISON THE REGICIDE. — The ancestry
of the notorious regicide Major -General
Thomas Harrison was in 1880 the subject
of a contribution to ' N. &«Q.' (6 S. ii. 383)
by the late COL. J. L. CHESTER. The writer
referred to a will in the P.C.C., dated 13 May,
1656, of one Ralph Harrison of Highgate,
Middlesex, by which he appointed his son-in-
law Thomas Harrison sole executor. On
10 December, 1660, letters of administration
" de bon is non " were granted to Catherine
Harrison, daughter of the testator, as Thomas
Hp.rrison the executor had since died. COL.
CHESTER suggested that this Thomas
Harrison was identical with the regicide, and
based his opinion on the fact that the name
of the Major-General's wife was Catherine,
as is proved by the registers of St. Ann,
Blackfriars, and that the execution of
Harrison in May, 1660, agrees in time with
the death of the executor of the will.
I am not sure if since COL. CHESTER wrote
any fresh information has come to light,
but I have recently found a Chancery suit
(Bridges before 1714, bundle 39, No. 30)
which clears up the doubt as to the identity
of the executor of the will with that of the
Parliamentary general. It is sufficient
to say that the subject of the suit was a
dispute between Richard Dawlman of the
Middle Temple and the Lord Mayor of
London and Hester Harrison, widow of
Ralph Harrison, concerning the lease of some
property in the Manor of Finsbury. The
bill states that Ralph Harrison made Thomas
Harrison, "lately called Major -General
Thomas Harrison, since dead," his sole
executor, and that Harrison proved the
will, but that he was shortly after sent a
prisoner to the Tower by order of Cromwell,
and soon after died.
This clearly proves that COL. CHESTER was
right in his opinion, but it still leaves uncer-
tain if there was any relationship between
the family of Thomas Harrison and that of
his wife. It has been said that the regicide
was of humble extraction, but his father-in-
law seems to have been a man of some
substance. He is probably the Ralph
Harrison of Bread Street Ward mentioned
in a List of the Principal Inhabitants
of London in 1640 (Misc. Gen. et Her.,
Second Serie«, vol. ii.).
A. J. C. GUIMARAENS.
WELLINGTON STATUES IN LONDON. — A
very unlikely source of information on this
subject, ' Passages from the Private and
Official Life of the late Alderman Kelly,' by
the Rev. R. C. Fell, provides a few interest-
ing facts. Kelly was Lord Mayor in June,
1837, when a committee \vas formed and
subscriptions invited to erect an equestrian
statue of the Duke of Wellington in the centre
of the City.
" Some hesitation was felt by the Committee-
in the choice of an arti«t for the work, the doubt
lying between Mr. \\yatt and Sir Francis Chan-
trey. At a meeting held for the purpose of finally
settling the point, there being only twenty-six out
of the forty members of the Committee present,
and the votes being equally divided, the casting
vote fell to the Lord Mayor, who gave it in favour
of Sir Francis. The decision, in effect, gave two
statues to the Duke, instead of one ; for Mr.
Wyatt's friends, disappointed at the result, subse-
quently got up a second subscription for a
kindred purpose, eventually charging that
gentleman with the execution of the elaborate
work, now standing in front of Apsley House."
The dissatisfaction at the Committee's
decision was not confined to Wyatt's friends.
Evidently the City site was not considered
suitable for a national memorial, and merely
an equestrian statue was by many thought
inadequate. In 1839 there was issued
* Remarks on the Connexion of the Welling-
ton Memorial and the Waterloo Model, with
a Suitable Elevation, by F— S— T.' This
simply advocates the purchase of Siborn's
model of the Battle of Waterloo, and its
preservation as an illustrative memorial in
a temple situated in a park. The elevation
shows a domed edifice having statuary on
projecting plinths, and busts in niches. Its
principal entrance resembles the centre of
Decimus Burton's screen at Hyde Park
Corner, but two lions guard it, and it is sur-
mounted by an equestrian statue of the-
Duke. The whole ingenious proposal was.
an alternative to the scheme advanced by
Wyatt's friends, and it is said that ita
adoption "will not incur a greater outlay
286
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. APRIL 15, 1911.
than would the colossal figure which was of
late proposed to be erected at the entrance
of the Park."
Siborn's model went to the Egyptian Hall
the same year. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
BURNS AND THE " WEE WEE GERMAN
LAIRDIE." — In a recently published miscel-
lany entitled ' From a Northern Window '
one of the articles included is a revised
lecture on Robert Burns by the late " Ian
MacLaren." Speaking of the poet's Jacobit-
ism, the lecturer says it " appears in some of
his most agreeable poems, such as ' Wha hae
we gotten for a king, but a wee bit German
lairdie,' " &c. The quotation, it may be
remarked in the, first place, is not accurate,
for the song opens strenuously thus : —
Wha the deil hae we gotten for a king
But a wee wee German lairdie '••
Secondly, there is every reason to believe
that this vivacious illustration of the
Jacobite spirit was produced immediately
after the accession of George I., and there
is nothing to show that it is among the earlier
lyrics that were glorified by the revision of
Burns. Had it been one of the favoured
group, it would almost certainly have
appeared in Johnson's ' Musical Museum,'
and as it is not there, it may safely be con-
cluded that the poet did not give it the
benefit of his renovation.
The earliest kno\vn version appears to be
that which Cromek published in 1810
in his ' Remains of Nithsdale and Galloway
Song.' In 1 8 1 9 Hogg utilized this, with some
additions, in his ' Jacobite Relics,' and he is
duly followed, with the exercise of editorial
prerogative, by Allan Cunningham, Robert
Chambers, and other capable anthologists.
None of these experts associates Burns
either with the original lyric or with any of
the additions and emendations whi^h they
admit into the text. THOMAS BAYNE.
EXPEDITION TO IRELAND, 1571 : CAPT.
THOMAS SMITH. — From ' The Rise and Pro-
gress of Liverpool, 1551-1835,' now being
published by James Touzeau, I am enabled
to supplement my communication at 10 S.
ix. 334. The facts are taken from the
records of Liverpool.
1571. " This yere this towne was very well vexed
•& trowbled by Capteyn Smyth and Capten Willm
Clayton & the Soldears before they say led for
Irlond."
On 22 May, 1573, the Mayor of Liverpool
certified to the Privy Council of the trouble
of Thomas Wynstandley, sustained at
arrickfergus in the North of Ireland by
Thomas Smith, the captain that sailed from
Liverpool thither, and William Clayton, a
captain with him, which certificate was
sent on to London.
A note inserted in the records asserts
that this Capt. Smith flourished in the reigns
of Queen Elizabeth and James I., and was
a man of wonderful adventures and travels,
[n the war in Hungary in 1602 he is said to
lave overcome three Turks successively in
single combat and to have cut off their
leads, for which exploit Sigismund (a Hun-
garian duke) gave him his picture set in gold.
He afterwards went to America, where he
was taken prisoner by the Indians, from
whom he found means to escape. He was a
Lincolnshire man, and died in 1631.
J. H. K.
[The annotator of the records has attributed to
Capt. Thomas Smith the feats of the celebrated
Capt. John Smith, who, according to the ' D.N.B.,'
was not born till 1580.]
" BURGLING." — The earliest illustrative
quotation for burgling given in ' N.E.D.' is
from The Daily News of 28 October, 1880 ;
but surely the word was brought into common
use by Sir W. S. Gilbert in his comic opera
' The Pirates cf Penzance,' produced at the
old Opera Comique on 3 April of that year.
No one who heard Mr. Rutland Barrington '
as the Sergeant of Police sing his plaintive
lament that
When constabulary duty's to be done
The policeman's lot is not a happy one,
can help recalling the sympathetic reference
to the period
When the enterprising burglar 's not a-burgling,
When the cut-throat is not occupied in crime,
He loves to hear the little brook a-gurgling,
And listen to the merry village chime.
As books of the words were procurable in
the theatre on the evening of production,
there is no doubt as to this date for the word
burgling appearing in print. PLAYGOER.
O.P. Club, Adelphi, W.C.
THE FIRST RHINOCEROS IN ENGLAND.—
In The Post Boy for 17-21 April, 1711,
appeared the following advertisement: —
" The Skin and Skeleton of a Rhinoceros,
exactly anatomi'/'d and put together (being tin-
only one that was ever brought into, or seen in
England), now lying at Mr. Thomas Evans's, a
Shipwright, near Cuckold's Point in Rotherhitb,
is to be sold or let out to be shown : Enquir' of
the said Mr. Evans, or of Mr. John Barnet, at
Mr. Martin's, near Wapp ing-New-Stairs.1'
A, F. R. <
ii s. m. APRIL i5,i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
287
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
NELSON AND THE VICTORY. — Can any of
your readers refer me to a poem or verses
on the .subject of the bringing back to
England the body of Nelson after the battle
of Trafalgar ? Reply direct to
LIONEL G. ROBINSON.
Reform Club, S.W.
JOSIAH CHORLEY. — The late Prof. Cosmo
Innes in his preface to the * Munimenta
Alme Universitatis Glasguensis,' pp. xxii,
xxiii, speaks of Josiah Chorley, an English
non-conformist student, who entered the
University of Glasgow in 1672 : —
" His account of his sojourn at Glasgow shall be
given in his own words, as found in a little note-
book which he entitles ' Chorle*yana, or a Register
commemorating some of the most remarkable pas-
sages of God's providence towards me from my
nativity, by Josiah Chorley': I am indebted to
Prof. Fleming for calling my attention to an extract
from this journal, which appeared in the preface to
a work published anonymously by Messrs. Longmans
in 1827- Through the kindness of Mr. Thomas
Longman I was enabled to discover the author, and
I take this opportunity of expressing my great
obligation to Mr. W. Bennet of Chapel le Frith,
Derbyshire, for the courteous and liberal permission
he has granted me of using this curious journal. He
informs me that the Volumes came into his hands
among the papers of a near relative, the Rev.
William Bennet, who was formerly minister of the
Independent Chapel at the Pavement in London, an
accomplished and highly educated man, and very
fond of literary reliques of this kind."
I wish to ascertain the name of the " work
published anonymously," and the present
whereabouts of Chorley' s manuscript
journal. P. J. ANDERSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
WALL CHURCHES AT BRISTOL. — On the
western circuit of the wall of mediaeval
Bristol — a distance of rather more than a
quarter of a mile — there stood no fewer than
five churches : St. Nicholas's over the
Southern Gate, St. Leonard's over the
Western Gate, St. Giles's over Small Street
Gate on the north-west, St. John's over the
northern gate, and St. Lawrence's touching
St. John's Tower on the west. Of these the
only one now remaining is that of St. John,
the tower and spire of which stand over the
arch at the foot of Broad Street. Of these
churches. St. Nicholas's and St. Leonard's
were in existence before 1153, and St. John's
before 1193.
This custom of perching churches over
gateways, or on a town wall, does not seem
to have been common in England ; at any
rate I can find no other instance where
churches were thus systematically ranged
on a wall. Is there any district abroad
where the arrangement is usual ? The
point may be of some importance, for hardly
anything is really known about the history
of Bristol before the reign of Henry II., and
if it could be shown that at some particular
period there was connexion between Bristol
and some foreign region where this custom
was in use, we might have a clue to the date
of the building of the wall to the west of the
borough. The motive for placing the
churches on the wall may have been that of
economy of space. The little borough was
shut in by the Frome on the north and west,
by the Avon on the south, and after the time
of Geoffrey, Bishop of Constance, by the
Castle on the east, so that every yard of
ground must have been of value.
C. S. TAYLOR.
Banwell, Somerset.
SIR WALTER SCOTT'S POET ANCESTOR.—
Can any one tell me the title and name
of a Scottish peer who flourished and wrote
verse in the earlier years, of the seventeenth
century and was, in the female line, an
ancestor of Sir Walter Scott ? I have seen
a pedigree showing this, and am aware that
a collection of his verses has been printed,
I think in a folio volume. ASTARTE.
BLACK BANDSMEN IN THE ARMY. — Can
any reader versed in military matters throw
light on this subject ? It appears that when
it was fashionable for ladies to have a black
page, it was the custom to have black
drummers in military bands. With regard
to the first, there will occur at once, as an
instance, the celebrated picture where Dr.
Johnson is waiting for an interview with
Lord Chesterfield, or the revival of ' The
School for Scandal,' where, in accordance
with fashionable custom, Lady Teazle was
accompanied by a black page. With regard
to the second, we can see in the King's
Library, British Museum (maps, 100 d. 5), 'A
View of the Court Yard, and Part of St.
James's Palace, London, with the Relief
of the Guard.' There is a band of eight,
headed by a drum-major. Some of the
instruments are, to say the least, very
curious. At the rear are a boy drummer
and a diminutive triangle player, followed by
fifteen fifers and drummers, headed by thred
blacks in the same uniform, but wearing
288
NOTES AND QUERIP^S. tn s. m. APRIL is, 1911.
turbans ; the centre one carries a large
drum, the other two having respectively
a large tambourine and cymbals.
I am well aware that drummers, &c., are
classed as musicians, but apparently at one
time — say the end of the eighteenth century
and the beginning of the nineteenth — blacks
were so employed. The instances I have
given can be corroborated from an out-of-the-
way source. Having occasion to search
some Admiralty records for another purpose,
I have come across two notices at long inter-
vals of time and distance. In 1796 the
Transport officer of Plymouth was ordered
to release two blacks then amongst the
prisoners of war to serve in the band of the
South Devon Militia (Admiralty, Medical,
Minutes, Book 95, fol. 103). Then on
30 April, 1804, Capt. Pressland, the agent at
Norman Cross, was asked to transmit the
number of names of black men in his custody,
entirely fit and willing to serve in a regi-
mental band (Admiralty, Medical, Outletters,
Book 174, fol. 98).
Possibly in some " Red Book " there is the
date of institution and repeal, but I have con-
sulted without success several military
authorities, such as Stocqueler's 'Military
Encyclopaedia ' and his ' Familiar History
of the British Army,' Major James's ' Miltary
Dictionary,' and Fortescue's * History of the
British Army.' A. RHODES.
SWEDISH MISSION TO ABYSSINIA. — Mr.
R. N. Cust in his ' Sketch of the Modern
Languages of Africa,' 1883, pp. 69, 129,
and 135, refers to a Swedish mission to
Abyssinia. The missionaries apparently
laboured among the independent- tribes in
the neighbourhood of Massowah, and not
in the territory of the Negus. I shall be
glad to learn the date of the mission, the
names of the missionaries, and where any
information about them can be found.
FREDK. A. EDWARDS.
39, Agate Road, Hammersmith, W.
VESTRY HELD ON LADY DAY.— It is, I
believe, usual for parishes 'to hold their
annual vestry meetings in the days following
Easter Sunday. I do not know what may
be the legal obligation as to the day of
meeting, but I am desirous of obtaining
information about cases where this common
date is departed from. This year the
parishioners of Plympton St. Mary, Devon,
assembled in vestry and transacted all the
usual business of a church vestry, elected
wardens, &c., on Lady Day. This was no
new departure, the date being customary
there.
Can your readers tell me of other cases
where the regular annual vestry is held on
Lady Day, or at any other time than Easter-
tide ? Instances would be welcomed,
together with particulars, if possible, show-
ing why the difference is maintained.
It has been suggested that in the case of
Plympton the day of the patronal festival
has been substituted, but this explanation
still lacks a reason for the change.
W. S. B. H.
THE REV. THOMAS BURTON, D.D., matri-
culated at Oxford from Ch. Ch. 18 March,
1724/5. What preferments did he hold,
and when did he die ? G. F. R, B.
JOHN BANNISTER FALKENER was admitted
to Westminster School, 27 Sept., 1813. I
should be glad to obtain some information
about him. G. F. R. B.
JAMES HEATH, ROYALIST HISTORIAN. —
When and whom did he marry ? The
' Diet, of Nat. Biog.,' xxv. 343, gives no
assistance. G. F. R. B.
HUMPHREY HENCHMAN. — When and whom
did he marry ? The ' Diet, of Nat, Biog./
xxv. 390, fails to give this information.
G. F. R, B.
THOMAS GRAY AND MAIL COACHES. — In a
recently issued volume of ' Stretton Manu-
scripts ' (Nottingham, privately printed^
1910), a Notts antiquary, William Stretton,
writing about a century ago, thus quotes
the inscription on "a very neat tablet '"
on the north wall of Stapleford Churchr
Notts. It would be of interest to know
whether the claims put forth have been
recognized other than locally : —
" To the Memory of Thomas Gray, who died
July 9th, 1802, aged 73 years. His public spirit and
skill in the improvement of roads made him a bless-
ing to the neighbourhood in which he lived, but the
great facility of conveyance by the Mail Coaches
being first projected, plan'd, and put in practice by
him, made him a blessing to the kingdom at large."
A. STAPLETON.
Nottingham.
THE ROEBUCK AND THE ARCOUL, FRENCH
PRIVATEER. — The Portland packet Roebuck
from the West Indies is reported in The
Times of 7 January, 1797, to have engaged
and taken on 24 November a French priva-
teer, the Arcoul. Where can the particulars
of the action be found ? Or can any of
your readers give me particulars ?
ULSTER SCOTT.
ii s. in. ABUL 15, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
289
EDWARD RAVENSCROFT. — Can any reader
of 'X. & Q.' give particulars of the descent
and marriage of Edward Ravenscroft of
Portland Place, W. ? One of his daughters
married in 1813 Vice-Admiral Lord Henry
Paulet, and another daughter married
General Thewles. C. E. P.
COUNT LEININGEN'S MEMOIRS. — I saw an
announcement a short time ago that the
Correspondence and diary of Count Charles
Leiningen were to be published in English,
but forgot to make a note of the publisher's
name. Can any correspondent tell me ?
L. L. K.
[Messrs. Duckworth have just published the work.]
* TOM JONES ' : DOWDY. — Fielding writes
in ' Tom Jones,' Book VI. chap. ix. : —
" Or, as when two gentlemen, strangers to the
wondrous wit of the place, are cracking a bottle
together at some inn or tavern at Salisbury, if the
great Dowdy, who acts the part of a madman, as
well as some of his setters-on do that of a fool,
should rattle his chains, and dreadfully hum forth
the grumbling catch along the gallery, the frighted
strangers stand aghast ; scared at the horrid sound,
they seek some place of shelter from the approaching
danger ; and if the well-barred windows did admit
their exit, would venture their necks to escape the
threatening fury now coming upon them. So
trembled Sophia," &c.
Any elucidation of the meaning of this
passage would be welcome to
A. E. ALD WORTH.
Manor Farm Road, Salisbury.
GEORGE AARONS, P.M. — I should be glad
of a few biographical details of this Free-
mason. There is an engraving bearing the
following inscription : —
"A distinguished Freemason, member of the
Royal Athelstan Lodge, No. 19, and honorary mem-
ber of the Lodge of Good Report, No. 158, to which
lodge this Portrait is dedicated by permission.
" Drawn and Engraved by Henry Meyer, London.
Published April 3rd, 1837, by H. Meyer, 30, Gerrard
Street, Soho."
ISRAEL SOLOMONS.
118, Sutherland Avenue, W.
ALEXANDER CUNNINGHAM, R.N. — I should
be glad of any information concerning this
officer and his family history. He was the
son of Capt. Cunningham, R.N. (Christian
name unknown), who is said to have married
a Pelham, a relative of the Duke of New-
castle, foolishly described in an old pedigree
in my possession as ''the last of the Pelhams.'1
He appears from the Admiralty records to
have become a lieutenant in the Royal Navy
on 10 April, 1759, and to have attained the
rank of captain on half-pay on 6 April, 1783,
in which capacity he remained until his
death on 12 March, 1799. It is said that he
was employed from 1783 to the date of his
death in the Russian Navy, having been
elected by the Empress Catherine II. for
the task of reforming the naval service
of that country* and having been granted the
rank of Admiral in that service.
His wife was Elizabeth Walter, sister of the
Rev. Philip Walter, who was Rector of Cray-
ford in Kent for nearly 50 years (1758-1806) •
and they seem to have had a son Alexander —
who died in 1833, at the age of 82, at Rio de
Janeiro, where he held some appointment
connected with the slave trade — and a
daughter Jane, who married Robert Williams
of Warfield Lodge in Berkshire.
F. DE H. L.
THE " ALEPPO MERCHANT " INN. — This
is the name of an inn at Carno, Montgomery-
shire. Perhaps some reader of ' N. & Q.'
can explain the origin of the title.
T. F. D.
BISHOP BARTHOLOMEW VIGORS. — Bar-
tholomew Vigors, Dean of Armagh, was
consecrated Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin
in 1691, and held the see until his death in
1721. He was born at Bishop's Tawton,
Devon, 18 February, 1643, and entered
Trinity College, Dublin, in 1663 ; but in the
mean time he is said to have been educated
at the Launceston Grammar School. Is there
any contemporary record of this, either in
Dublin or elsewhere ? DUNHEVED.
MARSHAL TALLARD, PRISONER OF WAR. —
The present is the bicentenary year of the
liberation of Marshal Tallard after five or
six years of exile in England, he having been
taken prisoner at the battle of Blenheim,
1704, and ultimately brought to this country,
in company with many of his fellow-officers.
I possess much information relating to the
chronicles of their English sojourn, largely
gleaned from contemporary newspapers
and from the Historical Manuscripts Com-
mission reports, beyond what I published
in a pamphlet in 1905. I should be glad
to learn anything new connected with the
English sojourn of Marshal Tallard and his
compatriots, for the purpose of a book on
the subject. I am familiar with the ordinary
sources of information, and with what has
appeared in ' N. & Q.' What portraits are
known of the Marshal ? It would be inter-
esting to learn whether any of the captives
compiled, after their return to France,
accounts of their English experiences. (They
290
NOTES AND QUERIES, [u s. in. APRIL 15, wn.
lived here on parole, were received in the
best society, and were well supplied with
money.) No doubt the captives wrote many
letters home, some of which possibly survive
to-day. A. STAPLETONT.
39, Burford Road, Nottingham.
BISHOP KEN.
sometime Ordinary of Newgate. This John
Chalkhill was uncle by the half-blood to
Walton's second wife, and about his own
age. The Chalkhill pedigree shows *that
there was a son Thomas by the first marriage
of the Bishop's father with Jane Hughes,
but he died young.
Concerning the two Chalkhills I propose
later sending a note.
- C. ELKIN MATHEWS.
Shire Lane, Chorley Wood, Herts.
(11 S. iii. 248.) According to Dean Plumptre's 'Life of
MB. CHAMBERS asks, " At what date was Thomas Ken, D.D.' (1890, vol. i. p. 11), the
Thomas Ken married to his second wife ? " register of St. Olave's, Silver Street, London,
I do not think the date has ever been ascer- " gives the marriage of Thomas Ken and
tained, but it is not really essential to know Martha Carpenter in December, 1625." It
in order to state definitely that Izaak would seem from this that Thomas Ken's
Walton's second wife Anne Ken was the second wife was the widow of one Car-
Bishop's half-sister. penter. Is anything known about her first
Thomas Ken of London, attorney in the husband ?
Court of Common Pleas gentleman citizen, If MR CHAMBERS will turn to ' Thomas
and barber-surgeon, first married Jane R d j k Walt > pp. 7 and 8> pub_
Hughes daughter of Rowland Hughes L d fc Messrs . Longma^Pin 190 8, he will
of Essendon, Herts, a small village a mile L d sat|sfactory proof that Thomas Ken
or two distant from Little Berkhampstead, h third *£ b the second wife of
where his youngest son was born. The Thomas Ken of Furnival's Inn.
proximity of these two villages should be Iza&k Walton married Anne Ken (born
remembered because the mistake of desig- } &g hig gec()nd wife in 1646 ghe Wftg
nating Great Berkhampstead, in the same ^ five rg old when her half_brother
county, but many miles away, as the Bishop s h f * bf h fc j lfm
birthplace, is often repeated. Dean Plumptre ^
thinks the future bishop was born when
his father was, with his second wife, visiting
the relations of his first.
PAWPEB on PAUPER BIRD (11 S. iii. 89,
Their daughter Anne married Izaak I 216).— I think that, as is suggested, the
Walton in 1646. According to the learned name of the bird was certainly of imitative
genealogist Sir Harris Nicolas, Jane Ken origin, viz., from the repetition of the
died before 1625, or twelve years before the synable pa, as in papa and popinjay. Cf.
birth of the Bishop. Thomas Ken married Bavarian pappeln, the equivalent of E. babble.
secondly Martha Carpenter, the daughter of j can add to the information already
Ion (John) Chalkhill of St. Giles, Cripplegate, SUppiied a few notes from Godefroy's French
and of Kingsbury, Middlesex.* Her first dictionary. He gives, s.v. paper, a dialectal
husband's name was Carpenter. F paper, to smack the lips ; also papeter,
Martha Ken died in 1641, when her son to babble ; papier, to stammer ; papegay,
Thomas was four years old, and her step- ft pOpinjay ; popelle, the name of a bird
daughter Anne a woman of thirty-one. It (perhaps the pawper) ; and (from Cotgrave)
may be noted here that her father was doubt-
ft pOpnay ; popelle, the name of a bird
(perhaps the
was out- ^apechieu, a lapwing, teewit, black plover.
less the author of ' Thealma and Clearchus,' The reference to Harrison's ' England,'
and her brother the John Chalkhill who was I 223 seems to be quite correct, In
f or ty-six years a Fellow of Winchester College Fumivall's reprint the chapter on birds is
and is buried in the Cloisters there— the ch i{ of Book ni. ; see the end of the
same my brother Chalkhill " of the auto- first paragraph •
graph inscription in the ' Lives/ 1670, once H g ^ >rr and such like> the
in the collection of the Rev. H. S. Cotton, are dailie brought vnto vs from be.vond the sea,
— as if all the foule oE our countrie could not suffice
* The latter place is given on the authority of to satisfie our delicate appetites."
James Heywood Markland, a distmetuished anti- Hence it was not really a British bird, but
quary, who died 1864, and himself a descendant of . / K , N c_JL -c>fantt
the first of the three witnesses to the will of Isaak imported (probably) from trance.
\Valton. WAL/TER W. OK-EA1.
us. in. APRIL 15, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
291
Try * Turner on Birds,' by E. H. Evans
(Cambridge, 1903). Turner's book was pub-
lished at Cologne in 1544. L. L. K.
TERRACE (11 S. iii. 207, 251). — At the
latter reference several interesting attribu-
tions of date were afforded. Miss MARIA
POOLS' s reference to Highbury Terrace is
particularly interesting, and apparently this
was the first Terrace to be admitted to the
Directories, where it appears in 1791
(' Universal British Directory,' p. 433). Cole-
brooke Terrace is much later, but New Terrace,
in what is now Colebrooke Row, dates from
1791. Cloudesley Terrace belongs to the
following century. It was only in 1811
that the trustees of the Stone Fields estate
(i.e., Oloudesley's bequest) obtained powers
to grant building leases.
Faulkner's identification of Hammer-
smith Terrace as having been built about
1770 is probably only correct as to the date
of erection. The name, as in his further
instance of Theresa Terrace, belongs, it
may be possible to show, to a later date.
" Row " was the more usual designation
used in London suburbs until the great
revival in domestic architecture in 1815.
The example of the Adelphi is remarkable,
as apparently " Terrace," as a place-location,
was not generally used here until subsequent
to 1795. In Lowndes's ' London Com-
panion ' both text and plate (by B. Green)
give " Adelphi Buildings " for what is now
Adelphi Terrace. Mr. Bretherton in his
' History of the Adelphi,' 1908, provides
several reproductions of old views, including
B. Green's large plate with its title ' The
Buildings called The Adelphi ' ; but the
date 1777 should read 1771 (vide ' Grace
Catalogue,' 182).
The frontispiece of his book is a pretty
reproduction of a drawing by John Richards,
to which Mr. Bretherton has given the title
of 'The Terrace, York Buildings, 1796.'
This drawing occurred in the sale of London
prints held at Sotheby's in July, 1853,
as lot 583 : " Terrace, York Buildings,
1796, for a Scene, Jno. Richards, R.A.
Coloured drawing, 20 inches by 14. 9s.
Evans." The fact of this being the design
for a scene would disqualify its identification
as The Terrace. There is another instance
of a misapplied title at p. 72. The view
named ' Adelphi Terrace in Garrick's Time '
is a reproduction of T. Malton's plate ' The
Adelphi Terrace,' drawn, engraved, and
published in 1795, sixteen years after the
death of Garrick. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
' The Annual Register ' for 1779 (Chronicle,
p. 196) records the death of David Garrick,
" at his house on the Adelphi Terrace " on
20 January in that year. G. F. R. B.
EMINENT LIBRARIANS (11 S. ii. 489, 538 ;
iii. 13, 55). — May I venture to make an
alternative suggestion to one made by
MR. F. C. WHITE at the first reference ? Is
the " Jones " who was, in the opinion of
John Hill Burton, so eminent a librarian, not
rather Mr. Thomas Jones, the very learned
Librarian of the Chetham Library, Man-
chester ? See a paper on ' Bibliothecarius
Chethamensis ' read by Mr. W. E. A. Axon
on 14 December, 1875, before the Manchester
Literary Club (Manchester Quarterly, ii. 59),
and * D.N.B.' I have heard my father (the
late Thomas Hughes F.S.A., one of your
earliest contributors) speak in glowing terms
of Mr. Jones as an exceptional man.
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A., F.S.A.
Lancaster.
YEWS IN CHURCHYARDS : CLUBS FOR
KILLING OLD PEOPLE (11 S. iii. 166). — A
curious reference to a churchyard yew occurs
in Sebillot's ' Folk-lore de France,' iv. 76.
When recording the many French super-
stitions connected with prehistoric stone
implements, he mentions that in Morbihan
axe-hammers are called blessed hammers,
and it is said that they were used in by-past
times to knock on the head old people who
lived too long. Other traditions relative
to this practice of remote times are also
given, the instrument of the Stone Age
being replaced by a weapon of wood. The
people living near the Montagne de Mane-
Guen asserted, about 1845, that aged persons
weary of life went up to its summit in days
of yore in order that one of the Druids living
there might set them free by striking them
on the head with his sacred club. It is
related at Caurel (Cotes du Nord) that for-
merly old people were killed with the first
cudgel to be had, but that after the intro-
duction of Christianity a mat (large kind of
wooden club) was blessed, which was
deposited in the hollow of a yew near the
door of the church, where it was to be pro-
cured in case of need. It is not rare to hear
it said of an old man who has become a
burden to his family, " Le pauvre vieux,
he has been forgotten ; the blessed mat of
Caurel should be sent for." In the country
round it is declared that people came from
a great distance formerly to borrow it, and
that it was specially used for killing old
women.
292
NOTES AND QUERIES, [n s. ra. APR.L 15, mi.
May I inquire whether any such weapon
for putting old people out of the way is
traditionally known in the British Islands ?
M. G. W. P.
The Breton be-lief that the yew shoots
out a root into the mouth of each of the
dead is no doubt traceable to the reason for
which yews are assumed to have been
planted in churchyards, namely, that the
tree, being evergreen, and of the longest
vitality of any of our evergreens, was a type
of immortality.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
A COUSIN OF BOSWELL (US. iii. 189). —
MB. CALDEB corrects Boswell for saying
" the English chapel " at Inverness, instead
of " the Episcopalian chapel." But is not
Boswell right ? MB. CALDEB has forgotten
that Inverness was an English trading
colony. The late Sir Henry Macandrew,
sometime Provost of Inverness, told me
thirty years ago that his father remembered
the time when the chief families in the town
were English, the leading family being the
Cuthberts of Castle Hill. Boswell knew his
facts. J. SABGEAUNT.
The word " cousin " is probably used by
Boswell in the Scottish sense to embrace a
far wider relationship than the meaning
warrants. Miss Dallas (i.e., Mrs. Riddoch
of Aberdeen, net Inverness) can hardly have
been Boswell' s cousin in the strict sense of
the word. It is nowhere stated that her
mother was an Erskine and sister of Bos-
well's mother. The Dallases were an old
family belonging to the counties of Elgin
and Nairn. An imperfect pedigree of the
family will be found in Burke' s ' Landed
Gentry ' under the name Dallas-Yorke.
Mrs. Riddoch's name does not occur in the
list. U.
JUNIUS AND THE DUKE OF BEDFOBD
(US. iii. 227). — The information I was in
search of is given in ' Cavendish's Debates,'
i. 599, n. :—
" Junius, in his attack on the Duke [of Bed-
ford], tells the world, that one Homphrey, a
country attorney, ' horsewhipped his grace, on
the course at Lichfield, with equal justice, severity,
and perseverance,1 and that ' Tligby and Lord
Trentham werealso cudgelled in a most exemplary
manner ' ; intending it to be inferred, that the
Duke had been guilty of dishonourable con-
duct. The facts of the case are completely in
opposition to any such inference. They are,
indeed, highly creditable to the Duke and his
friends, as men attached to the reigning family.
The particulars are related by Smollett. It was
in the year 1748, during the national ferment
consequent upon the suppression of the rebellion,
that the sportsmen who were of the Chevalier's
party made a ridiculous display of fervour towards
his pretensions. ' They appeared,' says the
historian, ' in the highland dress, and their zeal
descending to a very extraordinary exhibition of
practical ridicule, they hunted with hounds
clothed in plaid a fox dressed in red uniform.
Even the females at their assembly, and the
gentlemen at the races, affected to wear the
chequered stuff by which the Prince-pretender
and his followers had been distinguished ; and
divers gentlemen on the course were insulted.' The
following is from The Gentleman's Magazine for
that year : — * On the 13th of August [1748 1 came
on, before Mr. Justice Burnet, at the Assizes at
Stafford, the trial of the information against
Toll, a dancing-master, and others, for insulting
and striking the Duke of Bedford and other
gentlemen, upon .Whittington Heath at the last
Lichfield horse-races ; when it was proposed by
counsel for the defendants, that the several
rioters in that information, to the number of
thirteen, should submit to be found guilty, if the
counsel for the Crown would consent to withdraw
the information against several other persons con-
cerned in the riot ; which was agreed to, and these
defendants, who were the principal persons con-
cerned in that riot, were convicted by the jury.'
HOBACE BLEACKLEY.
Brougham in his ' Statesmen in the
Time of .George III.,' Third Series, vol. i.
p. 162, has a vindication of the Duke of
Bedford from the aspersions of Junius.
W. S. S.
DUTCHMEN IN PEMBBOKE (11 S iii. 189).
— Isaac Taylor in ' Words and Places '
(p. 118) says :—
" There is, occasionally, in Pembrokeshire, a
difficulty in distinguishing between the Norse
names and those which are due to the colony of
Flemings which was established in this district
during the reign of Henry 1. We read in Higden's
' Chronicle, " Flandrenses, temporo Regis Henrici
primi....ad occidentalem Wallite partem, apud
Haverford sunt translati.' These colonists came
from a portion of Flanders which was submerged
by an irruption of the Sea in the year 1110."
In a ' Guide to Tenby,' by Mr. and Mrs.
S. C. Hall (pp. 8, 9), is the following descrip-
tion of the Flemish colony : —
" Speaking generally, a line drawn through the
centre [of Pembrokeshire], from east to west,
would divide the county into two districts.
To the north of this line we encounter a people
speaking the Welsh language, and having the
well-defined features of the Celtic race. On the
south there is a sensible difference. The inhabi-
tants use the English language alone, whilst their
physiognomy, wholly distinct from their neigh-
bours of the hill country, proclaims them to be of
a different race. These latter are, according to an
old historian, ' partly Dutch, partly English, partly
Welsh ' ; a colony of Flemings being there
planted, of whom a circumstantial account is
given by Selden in a note on a passage of Dray ton
ii s. in. APRIL 15, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
293
(' Polyolbion '). which describes the Flemings as
emigrants, in consequence of inundations that
' swamped ' their land. It was during the reign
of Henry I. They were kindly received by the
King, 'in respect of the alliance which he
hi»,d with their Earl, Baldwin, Earl of Flanders,'
and settled chirlly in Northumberland ; where,
however, they were found so unruly that ' King
Henry was xinder the necessity of driving them
into \Val«-s.'' Other historians assert that it was
by persuasion, and not compulsion, that they
became settlers among the Welsh ; the Anglo-
Normans found them brave and valuable allies ;
whilst their habits of thrift and industry made
them useful examples, as well as auxiliaries to the
conquerors. The second Henry gave them
direct encouragement, and considerably aug-
mented their numbers, recommending them to his
knights as ready and powerful partisans, the
more to be trusted because so thoroughly isolated
in the midst of merciless enemies, against whom
they were perpetually compelled to keep watch
*nd ward."
EBNEST B. SAVAGE, F.S.A.
There never was a settlement in Pembroke-
shire of men from Holland* but in 1616
the word " Dutchmen " included even more
than the natives of Germany and the Low
Countries, and if Goodman knew what he
was talking about, he was referring to the
Flemish settlement which took place during
the reign of Henry I. Caradoc of Llan-
carvan and William of Malmesbury describe
the circumstances ; while the peculiarities
of the settlers are discussed at some length
by a good Pembrokeshire man, Giraldus
Cambrensis, whose time and place of birth
make him the best possible authority. For
a modern account see ' The History of Little
England beyond Wales,' by Edward Laws.
DAVID SALMON.
Swansea.
[MR. A.. R. BAYI.EY, C. C. HM and H. O.
;«lso thanked for replies. The quotations by
-Mi:. G. H. \VITTTE from Mr. Laws's book we have
forwarded to the querist.!
SWEETAPPLE SUKNAME : BENJAMIN
HODGKIN (US. iii. 66, 134, 213).— Mention
has not been made of the pedigree in Le
NVve's * Knights ' (Harl. Soc. vol. viii 447)
of '* Sir John Sweetaple, citizen and gold-
smith, London, one of the Sheriffs, knighted
at Whitehall, 12 Nov., 1694." This, not
being of three generations in the male line,
is not named in Marshall's ' Genealogist's
( Juide.' It gives an account of two different
coats of arms borne by him, and of those of
his wife Sarah Adams. It states also that
| his wife '* Sarah, daughter of John [sic]
Adams of London, goldsmith in Cheapside,"
died 1698, and that their son was "
Sweetaple, Esq., of the Temple, London,
1699 " ; but it seems probable that this was
a son by a former wife. It further states
that " he was a banker in Lombard Street,
and after broke for a great sum, dying in
the Mint " (i.e., the Mint Sanctuary, South-
wark). As the pedigree was apparently
entered in 1699, and his death is therein
mentioned, it probably occurred before
that date, though after 1694. There is
no will or administration of him in the
P.C.C. From the pedigree of Levett in the
same work (p. 437) it appears that " Richard
Levett, Esq., Aldermin of London " (son
of Sir Richard Levett, Alderman, who died
20 Jan., 1710), married " da. of Sir
John Sweetapple of London, goldsmith and
Alderman, heir to her brothers." The
licence for this marriage is at the Bishop of
London's office, as under : " 1694, May 1,
Richard Levett of St. Ann and Agnes,
Aldersgate, bachelor, 23, and Mrs. Ann
Sweetapple of Allhallows, Lombard Street,
spinster, 18, with consent of father Mr. John
Sweetapple, [to marry] at St. Ethelburgh,.
London."
The following marriage licences apply
to Sir John, viz. : Vicar-General's Office,
"1671, Aug. 8, John Sweetaple of All-
hallows, Lombard Street, goldsmith, bachelor,
about 24, and Anne Burdett of St. Lawrence
Jury, London, widow, about 23, [to marry]
at St. Andrew, Holborn " ; Faculty Office,
" 1685, June 20, John Sweetaple of All-
hallows, Lombard Street, London, widower,
and Mary Sherloe of Stepney, Middlesex,
spinster, 24, [to marry] at St. Martin Out-
wich or St. Michael, Cornhill " ; Vicar-
General's Office, "1691, July 13, John
Sweetaple of Allhallows, Lamber Street,
London, widower, 40 and upwards, and Mrs.
Sarah Adams, of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch,
Middx., spinster, 26 and upwards, with con-
sent of her father Mr. Thomas [sic] Adams,
[to marry] at St. Leonard's afsd, or ."
The following, though not applying as
above, may be interesting : Vicar-General's
Office, 1689/90, Feb, 27, " John Sweetapple
of St. Buttolph's, Aldersgate, London,
milliner, bachelor, about 22, and Ann Reeve
of St. Olave, Southwark, Surrey, spinster,
about 20, with her parents' consent, [to
marry] at St. Andrews, Holborn."
G. E. C
This is a strange little world I Only a
few days ago I bought an old Treasury
order, issued 25 November, 1698, for the
payment of 8 per cent interest quarterly
upon a loan of £500 made by Charles Fox,
Esq., " upon Credit of the Duty on Coals."
294
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. APRIL L>, ion.
There is an endorsement by Mr. Fox as
follows : —
I do hereby transferr all my right Title &
Interest in ye within Order to Mr Ben. Hodgkin or
his assigness dated 30th Novr, 1699.
CHA : Fox.
Below this is a second, assignment : —
I do hereby Transfer All my Right Title arid
Interest in this Order unto Mr William Knight,
Dated the 18th of December, 1700.
BEN : HODGKIN.
And on 14 October, 1701, Mr. Knight
received the full contents of this order, viz.,
513Z. 75. Wd.
It would be interesting to know whether
the date of the second assignment was
before or after, or even at, the unfortunate
bankruptcy of Mr. Ben. Hodgkin (ante,
p. 213), whose name contains no final s.
JOHN HODGKIN.
The Sir John Sweetapple referred to by
MB. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL, ante, p. 3, is
doubtless to be identified with the John
Sweetapple mentioned in Hilton Price's
* Handbook of London Bankers,' p. 160.
As regards general references to the name,
it may be noted that several Sweetapples
figure in Musgrave's ' Obituary,' all dates
being of the eighteenth century. A niece
of Bishop Atterbury married one
Sweetapple, a brewer.
WILLIAM MCMUBBAY.
Any consideration of this family ought
to include some notice of " Parson Sweet-
apple " of Fledborough (sometimes called
the Gretna Green of Nottinghamshire), a
rector who is reputed to have united in
wedlock all couples who journeyed thither
and Applied to him for that purpose, in the
earlier part of the eighteenth century.
A. STAPLETON.
SIB W. ROMNEY (US. iii. 169, 238).—
This civic magnate was not Lord Mayor.
He died 25 April, 1611 : had he lived his
turn for the Mayoralty would have been in
the year 1613-14. He was Alderman of
Portsoken Ward from 1602 to 1605, and of
Bridge Ward from 1605 till his death in 1611.
The ' D.N.B.' omits his service for the latter
ward, though its duration was longer than
that for Portsoken. The ' D.N.B.' also
describes him as a " Director " of the East
India Company, which is an anachronism.
There were no " Directors " of that Company
till virtually a century after Romney's
death. ALFBED B. BEAVEN.
Leamington.
EAB-PIEBCING (US. iii. 149, 171, 235).—
When I was a house-surgeon thirty years
ago at the Royal National Hospital, Mar-
gate, I several times pierced the ears of
children suffering from chronic ophthalmic
conditions as a remedial measure, doing so
by the order of the visiting surgeons. The
little operation used to be done, and pro-
bably still is, by all vendors of jewellery.
In 1895 Dr. Westcott held an inquest on a
child who died from blood-poisoning after
her ears had been pierced by a pawnbroker
in the Hackney Road.
It may be of interest to record that Queen
Victoria, when a child, had her ears pierced
by a pawnbroker of Kensington, as I was
informed many years ago by an old acquaint-
ance of the man who claimed to have been
the operator. W. BBADBBOOK.
Bletchley, Bucks.
BEATBIX GOBDON=ROBEBT ABBUTHNOT
(US. iii. 69, 234).— I am much obliged to
SUTOCS for his suggestion that Beatrix was
a daughter of Robert Gordon of Straloch,
but I have James Gordon's ' Scots Affairs,
1637-41,' and there it is said the six daughters
married thus : —
1. Isobell — Urquhart of Craighouse.
2. Margaret — Sir Richard Maitland of
Pittrichie.
3. Jane(?) — Middleton of Johnston.
4. Barbara — Menzies of Kinmundy.
5. Anne — Bisset of Lessendrum.
6. Mary died in infancy.
Thus I am afraid Beatrix cannot be
Robert Gordon's daughter. I am, however,
anxious to find out whose daughter she was,
and shall be very grateful to any one helping
me. CECIL LISTEB KAYE.
Den by Grange, Wakeh'eld.
LITANY : SPITTING AND STAMPING THE
FEET (11 S. iii. 148, 217).- Quite within very
recent years I have been advised to spit
whenever I met an evil smell. I cannot
think the advice was founded on super-
stition. The advice tendered me was in
every case given by English doctors of con-
siderable eminence, resident in Egypt,
France, Italy, &c.
Further, in the East, and in Italy especi-
ally, it is merely an unpleasant method of
showing contempt for an adversary. The
Cockney, too, shows it to perfection. A
Spaniard, to my knowledge, being seriously
annoyed, threw his hat on the ground,
called on his most cherished saints to nest
in it, and, when he was certain they were
all there, spat into the hat.
PEBCY ADDLESHAW.
us. m. APRIL i5,i9ii.j NOTES AND QUERIES.
295
Those who were boys with me, when
desired to make and keep a promise, were
asked, " Will you spit your death ? " but in
words in the dialect. The answer being yes,
one way of confirmation was to cross the
fore-fingers of each hand and spit over the
cross made by them. Another way was to
put the tips of the forefingers together and
spit over them, saying, " I spit my word."
We spat on the ground in front of a toad
found crawling over the path, and did the
same when we met with a large black snail.
These creatures brought bad luck, which
the spitting averted. In some marble
games it was customary to spit in front of a
rival taw. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
In rny reply, ante, p. 218, col. i, 1. 10, for
44 would stop and recite " read " would spit
and recite." J. JACOBS.
CHAMNEY OR CHOLMONDELEY FAMILY
(11 S. iii. 3). — Possibly the following Ferns
consistorial wills might throw further light
on this pedigree : Christopher Chamney,
Keyle, 1729 ; Jane Chamney, widow, Bally-
shonack, co. Wexford, 1746.
From Cholmondeley to Chamney is rather
a far cry. A more likely derivation is
from De Champagne. In the emigrations
from France following on the Revocation of
the Edict of Nantes in 1685 a colony was
formed at Portarlington by the Marquis de
Ruvigny : in St. Paul's Church there
divine service was conducted in the French
language up to about 1815.
I cannot refer at the moment to Vicars' s
1 Irish Prerogative Wills,' but I note in the
" Irish Record Series," among the Kildare
consistorial wills, those of Marie de la
Rochefoucauld de Champegne, widow, Port-
arlington, 1730 ; and Jane Champagne,
Lumville, 1761.
The Van Homrighs were presumably
Flemish, and Lewis's ' Topographical Dic-
tionary ' states that the Portarlington settle-
ment was also recruited by Flemings.
W. ROBERTS CROW.
It would be interesting to learn who the
"" scion " of the house of Cholmondeley was
who is said to have married the daughter of
the ironmaster Bacon, " relinquishing his
heritage " and changing his name. Sir Peter
Leycester's ' Cheshire ' does not, I think,
confirm in any way this assertion, unless
the Cholmondeley referred to was a son of
Robert, Lord Cholmondeley, who died in
1659 " without any lawful issue of his body."
The Robert just mentioned was succeeded
by Robert, eldest son of his brother Hugh.
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
Chamney was a well-known name in the
parish of Colton in North Lonsdale, appear-
ing regularly in the Colton church registers
from 1626 down to 1784.
It is also to be found in the Cartmel
parish registers from 1568 downwards, and
appears as Chamney, Champney, and Champ-
neye. W. H. CHIPPINDALL, Col.
Kirkby Lonsdale.
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHRISTIAN NAME (11 S. ii. 328, 374, 394,
437, 534 ; iii. 92, 173, 214).— The occurrence
of Essex as a Christian name in Pembroke-
shire, alluded to by G. E. C. at the last
reference, is due to the fact that the Earls of
Essex of the Devereux family were the lead-
ing magnates of the county, in which they
owned Lamphey and other estates (Laws,
' History of Little England beyond Wales,'
pp. 272—95, &c.). When Mr. Laws com-
piled his ' History ' (published 1888), both
Essex and Devereux were still used as Chris-
tian names for boys in parts of Little Eng-
land : " These two are pretty common in
Roos, but oddly enough are wanting in
Castlemartin " (ibid., p. 414), i.e., amongst
the schoolboys, to whom this passage refers.
G. H. WHITE.
St. Cross, Harleston, Norfolk.
In addition to the instances given, I may
add that Essex, daughter of Lord Paget,
was buried at Drayton, Middlesex, 18 Octo-
ber, 1639. Her mother's name was Frances
(Lysons's ' Historical Account of those
Parishes in the County of Middlesex which
are not described in the Environs of London,'
p. 42). The examples from the London
marriage licences show how the name
ran in families. Thus Henry Ingram
married Essex Montague ; he was the
second husband of Essex Cheke of Pyrgo,
Essex, by Essex, daughter of the Earl of
Warwick. By her first husband she had
two children, Robert and Essex, both of
whom died in infancy. A. RHODES.
CAPT. COOK MEMORIALS (11 S. iii. 165,
232). — The following extract from the 1903
edition of Heaviside's ' Rambles in Cleve-
land ' relates to the memorial on Easby
Moor : —
" The monument was erected in 1827.. The site
chosen is an exposed one, and consequently the
ravages of storms and boisterous weather gradual! y
began to tell on the structure. During tho
296
NOTES AND QUERIES, m s. in. APRIL is, 1911.
15 years previous to 1895, no less than five
attempts to secure funds for the purpose of
restoration were made, but were all unsuccessful.
In 1895, however, that popular Tees-side journal,
The North-Eastern Daily Gazette, Middlesbrough,
was successful in raising a fund, an appeal
through the columns of that newspaper resulting
in the restoration work being thoroughly done.
The whole of the monument was pointed from top
to bottom with the best Portland cement ; the
masonry at the top, and all broken and loose
stones, were replaced ; the doorway was built
up, and a substantial railing with stone foundation
placed around the structure ; and a grey marble
tablet, recognizing the generosity of the sub-
scribers, was fixed. The celebration of the
restoration took place on Easby Hill (the site of
the monument) on the 26th July, 1895, in the
presence of a large company."
C. L. CUMMINGS.
Probably the finest and most imposing
monument in honour of the illustrious
navigator is his heroic statue in bronze by
Woolner in Hyde Park, Sydney. It was
unveiled in the presence of a vast and
enthusiastic concourse by the late Lord
Rosmead, then Sir Hercules Robinson,
Governor of New South Wales. The noble
oration that Sir Hercules delivered on that
occasion is included in a volume of his
speeches published in Sydney. The Aus-
tralians regard Cook as their Columbus.
J. F. HOGAN.
Royal Colonial Institute,
Northumberland Avenue.
It may be of interest to some readers to
see the record of Capt. Cook's marriage,
extracted from Barking registers by the
Vicar : —
James Cook of ye Parish of St. Paul Shadwell
in ye County of Middlesex Batchelor and Eliza-
beth Batts of ye parish of Barking in ye County of
Essex spinster were married in this Church by ye
Arch-Bishop of Canterbury's license this twenty-
tirst day of December one Thousand, seven
hundred and sixty two by
George Downing, Vicar of
Little Wakering, Essex
This marriage was (James Cook
solemnized between us 1 Elizabeth Cook late Batts.
In ye presence of
Barking.
f John Richardson
-! Sarah Brown
\W» Everitt
W. W. GLENNY.
EMPEROR AND PAINTER (US. iii. 209).—
The anecdote to which Lucis refers is no
doubt the one which is related of Charles V.
and Titian. It would seem that the Emperor
was very much taken with Titian's work,
and induced him to go to Spain, which he
did in 1548, residing there till 1553, Charles
rewarding him with both honours and
money.
" These favours alarmed the jealousy of the
nobles both of Germany and Spain, but their envy
drew no other answer from Charles than that he
had many nobles in his empire and but one
Titiano ; the artist, who was at some distance,
employed upon a picture, overheard the retort
with conscious satisfaction, and, as he made
his reverence to the Emperor, dropt a pencil on
the floor ; the courteous monarch took it up and,
delivering it to him confounded by this second
mark of his condescension, added that to wait
on Titiano Was a service for an emperor." — ' Anec-
dotes of Eminent Painters in Spain,' 1787, vol. i.
p. 40.
CHARLES DRURY.
Such an incident may well have happened
more than once. The same story is told,
I think, of Francis I. and Leonardo da
Vinci, and of Charles V. and Titian. Vasari
says Leonardo died in the arms of the Most
Christian King : the painter's " divine
spirit, then recognizing that he could not
enjoy a greater honour, expired in the King's
arms, at the age of seventy-five."
A. R. BAYLEY.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND DREAMS (11 S.
iii. 247). — ' The Art of procuring Pleasant
Dreams,' " Inscribed to Miss ****, being
written at her request," appeared in The
Columbian Magazine, vol. i. p. 64. To the
same publication Franklin contributed ' The
Morals of Chess,' ' The Handsome and
Deformed Leg,' &c. The article on dreams
is included in ' The Complete Works of the
late Dr. Benjamin Franklin,' London, 1806,
vol. iii. p. 493, where its authorship is
authenticated by the editor.
R. OLIVER HESLOP.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Albert Henry Smyth in his edition of the
' Writings of Franklin,' Macmillan, 1905-7,
vol. x. pp. 131-7, reprints a " bagatelle "
by Benjamin Franklin, ' The Art of pro-
curing Pleasant Dreams,' which on good
evidence he conjectures was written in
1786. It was " inscribed to Miss [Shipley],
being written at her request." Miss Cathe-
rine Louisa Shipley was daughter of Jona-
than, Bishop of St. Asaph.
The French publication cited, of 254 pages,
must contain other material than Franklin's
sensible essay, which in the reprint is com-
prised in less than six octavo pages of large
type. T. F. DWIGHT.
La Tour de Peilz, Vaud, Switzerland.
ii s. in. APRIL io, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
297
GALE FAMILY (11 S. ii. 367). — See 'Reli-
quiae Galeanae, or Miscellaneous Pieces by
the Learned Brothers Roger and Samuel
Gale, in which is included their Correspond-
ence with their Learned Contemporaries,
Memoirs of their Family,' &c., three parts
in two vols., 4to, with folding pedigrees,
engravings of views, antiquities, arms, &c.,
1781-4. For Gale of Scruton see also
Burke' s ' Commoners,' 1836, vol. ii. p. 623
and ' An Extensive and Elaborate Genea-
logical Collection of Families of Yorkshire,
from Early Deeds and other Monuments,
Parish Registers, Wills, Monumental In-
scriptions, Visitations,' &c., arms in trick,
pp. 313 folio. At the beginning of the
volume are many pages, in the handwriting
of Sir Wm. Dugdale, Garter, Principal
King of Arms, of some visitation of York-
shire in 1612-13. A genealogy of Gale is
also contained in some * Collections drawn
from Hopkinson's Manuscripts,' in the
possession of Miss Currer of Eshton Hall,
with continuations to 1828, by various
eminent genealogists.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
Sources of information regarding the
ancestors of Roger Gale may be found in
the 'D.N.B.,' xx. 375, 376, 378, with
authorities there cited ; also in Noble's
continuation of Granger's ' Biographical
History,' iii. 338-9. To these may be added
Gorton's 'Biographical Dictionary,' i. 811,
4 Biographia Britannica,' and Nichols's
* Literary Anecdotes.' W. SCOTT.
Much about Roger Gale's family is col-
lected in the three volumes of Stukeley's
* Diaries,' printed by the Surtees Society.
W. C. B.
I believe the present representative of
the Gale family is the Rev. Alfred Coore of
Scruton Hall, near Bedale, Yorkshire. His
grandmother4, Miss Gale, married, I think,
A Col. Coore. J. A. GREENWOOD.
SONNETS BY RAFAEL (11 S. iii. 208). —
Is it possible that Browning in this matter
confused Rafael with Michelangiolo Buon-
arroti, who wrote a large number of sonnets
which were published by his great-nephew
" Michelagnolo il giovine," and printed
by the Giunti of Florence in 1623? They
were carefully revised and republished by
Guasti in 1863, and by Frey in 1892 from the
Vatican MS. Later Passerini republished
77 of the 'Liriche' from Guasti's text
< Venice, n.d.). JOHN HODGKINT.
It may be that Rafael did not write " a
! century," or even a large number, of sonnets,
j but that he gave some expression to his
i feelings in poetry can hardly be disputed.
' N. D'Anvers " (Miss Meugens) in her life
j of Rafael, contributed to " The Great
Artists " series, says (p. 50) that there are
" three sonnets, the rough copies of which
written on studies for the ' Disputa,' are
preserved in the art collections of Vienna,
London, and Oxford," and that these
" were the first outcome of the new influ-
ence [that of his mistress, La Fornarina] in
the young master's life." The influence can
hardly have been exhausted by the produc-
tion of three sonnets. O.
UNICORN ON ROYAL ARMS (US. iii. 187,
273).— In W. C. Harris's ' Portraits of Game
and Wild Animals in South Africa ' (London.
Pickering, 1840) it is stated that the notion
of the single-horned creature in heraldry was
first obtained from Egyptian and Nubian
sculptured monuments, on which the head
of the oryx, or gemsbok, was represented
in profile. In this way the evolution of the
fabulous unicorn, a cross between a stallion
and an antelope, was arrived at. See also the
article ' Antelope as Crest ' at 10 S. ix. 516.
N. W. HILL.
New York.
SIMON DE MONTFORT : TRANSLATION OF
FRENCH POEM (US. iii. 229).—' The Lament
of Simon de Montfort ' is printed with a
prose translation in Thomas Wright's ' The
Political Songs of England from John to
Edward II.' (Camden Society, 1839), pp.
125-7. It consists of nine stanzas of six
lines (AA BB CC), the last couplet in each
being the following refrain : —
Ore-est ocys la flur de pris, qc taunt savoit de
guere,
Ly quens Montfort, sa dure mort molt enplorra la
terre.
Now is slain the precious flower, who knew so
much of war,
The Earl Montfort, his hard death the land will
deeply lament.
(MS. Ilarl. 2253, fol. 59r., early in 14th cent.)
A. R. BAYLEY.
The poem or ballad on the battle of Eves~
lam was translated from the French by
Greorge Ellis. It appears in Knight's ' Half-
Sours of English History.' vol. i., in the
' Chandos Classics " of Messrs. F. Warne
& Co. The poem consists of nine 12-line
stanzas, the last four lines being repeated
at the end of each stanza. So far as I am
298
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii s. in. APKIL is, 1911.
aware, the poem was first printed in ' Ol
England,' published by C. Cox, but sub
sequently reissued by Charles Knight.
W. SCOTT.
DOUBLE DEDICATIONS (11 S. iii. 209). —
The following quotations from an articl
by M. Meurer in Schaff's ' Religious Ency
clopsedia ' may provide a partial answer t<
this query :—
" Originally there was only one altar in eac'
church consecrated to the patron saint of th
building ; but .... the circumstance that the alta
was connected with the worship of martyrs anc
saints gave rise to the introduction of severa
altars in the same church .... As other relic
than those of the patron saint were introducec
into a church, special altars were raised and conse
crated to them ; and at these altars private mas
was said at special occasions. .. .Ambrose men
tions several altars in the church of Milan."
u.
BELL INSCRIPTION AT FALMOTJTH : JEAIS
FRANQOIS LAVAUD (11 S. iii. 248).— The bel
inscription signifies " Messire Jean Francois
Lavaud, Treasurer of France, godfather
Dame Marie Midaud, godmother, 1738.'
" Poulange " appears to be the name of a
place in Brittany or on its borders. The
Breton poull, Welsh pwll, Cornish pol, and
English pool are all from the late Latin
padulis, a marsh. See Skeat's ' Concise
Etymological Dictionary.'
I have always concluded that the god-
parents of a bell are the people who name
it when it is " baptized." In this instance
the name is not mentioned in the inscrip-
tion— unless " Poulange " be a bell-name.
" Messire " is a title difficult to translate.
In the Middle Ages it was limited to men
of the highest nobility, but later it was
added to the individual titles of persons of
quality, and eventually was assumed by
priests, doctors, barristers, and other pro-
fessional men.
" Dame " originally signified the wife of
one possessing feudal authority over certain
people or certain landed property. It also
signified a woman who herself possessed
such rights. Now it is the title of every
married woman, and is used " par politesse "
of every woman, whether married or not.
P. W. G. M.
WILLIAM CHALMERS OF FINTRAY AND
FASTEMBURG (11 S. iii. 181).— By " Pere
Berulle " MR. ANDERSON means Cardinal
Pierre de Berulle, born at Cerilly, Cham-
pagne, 4 February, 1575 ; founder of the
Congregation of the Oratory in France,
1611 ; created a Cardinal 1627 ; died 2 Octo-
ber, 1629. See the article 'Berulle,
Pierre de,' in the ' Catholic Encyclopaedia,'
ii. 534, from the pen of A. M. P. Ingold,
Director Revue cT Alsace, Colmar, Germany.
Perhaps the latter could give some informa-
tion about William Chalmers.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HERALDRY
(11 S. i. 508 ; ii. 36, 115, 231, 353, 398 ; iii. 36,
237). — I am obliged to MR. UDAL for drawing
attention to my lapsus calami. I ought to
have written, as he points out, " Pakington,"
not " Parkington."
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
CHARLOTTE SMITH'S POEM ' ST. MONICA *
(US. iii. 228).— This poem is contained in a
posthumous volume entitled ' Beachy Head,
and other Poems.' It is quoted at con-
siderable length in Robertson's ' English
Poetesses,' Cassell, 1883, eleven 9-line stanzas
being printed ; but there is some reason to
believe the poem is either not quoted in full,
or presented in a form embodying the
author's later amendments. TOE REA.
MURDERERS REPRIEVED FOR MARRIAGE
(11 S. iii. 129, 172, 195).— In connexion with
Scott's story quoted by ST. SWITHIN, some
readers may be interested in R. Browning's
version of the incident, ' Muckle-mouth
Meg' (in 'Asolando'). Also cf. R. L.
Stevenson's striking tale ' The Sire de
Maletroit's Door ' in the ' New Arabian
Nights.' H. K. ST. J. S.
Since writing my reply at the last reference,
I have come across further allusions to the
subject in Kohler's article in Anzeiger fur
deutsches Altertum, vi. 263-75, 1880 (re-
printed in his ' Kleinere Schriften,' 1900r
vol. iii. p. 251).
I find it is also, but shortly, referred to in-
Montaigne's ' Essais,' Liv. I. chap, xl.
A. C. LEE.
[MR. REGINALD HEWITT also thanked for reply. J
OUNDLE (11 S. iii. 9, 137, 153).— This
place seems to be mentioned in Bede's
Ecclesiastical History,' Book V. chap, xix.,
as the place of Bishop Wilfrid's death. I
cannot now refer to the original Latin, but
my English translation gives it as Undalum.
A. MORLEY DAVIES.
I should have added to my reply (ante,
:>. 137) that the form Undela occurs in
Birch's 'Charters,' 1128, 1129, 1130, 1281
circa 912). EDWARD SMITH.
n s. m. APRIL is, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
299
0n
The H'orld of Homer. By Andrew Lang. With
Illustrations. (Longmans & Co.)
MR. LANG has already given us ' Homer and the
Epic ' (1895) and ' Homer and his Age ' (1906).
He now has added a third volume as " further
study appears to have made many points more
clear than they were." The Higher Critics of the
subject are fair game, differing among themselves
to an amazing degree, and often modifying their
opinions, and they meet in Mr. Lang an accom-
plished controversialist and an acute maker of
points. To weigh properly the evidence accu-
mulated one would have to be an authority on
the dress, armour, metals in use, linguistics,
religion, and art of several periods but dimly
known to the expert, and we imagine that not
many scholars combine the qualifications above
mentioned. The linguistic arguments seem to
be the most novel and the most promising, but
the book before us seems most thoroughgoing and
successful in its discussion of the question of
armour and female costume. We do not propose
to follow Mr. Lang into the intricacies of matters
which really belong to the specialist, and cannot
be fairly weighed without an amount of study
beyond the average classical student ; but we
commend his book as good reading throughout,
full of lively retort and ingenious parallel, e.g.,
the efforts of Highland genealogists are quoted ;
ami ^Eneas is " a special sort of person, the son
of a goddess, and not a good Trojan, because
of Priam's suspicion of ' the Orleans branch.' "
We may indicate as briefly as possible Mr.
Lang's main views, which the reader can compare
with those of Dr. Verrall and Prof. Gilbert
Murray, and others. We mention the two
writers above specially as they both have taste
and skill in writing, being free from the ponderous
verbiage which renders scholarship wearisome.
Mr. Lang opens by referring to four Ages. The
first is the ' Late Minoan '. revealed to us recently
in the wonderful treasures of Crete, and showing
female costume almost modern in character ;
men with loin-cloths and not chitons, and an
absence of fibulce or brooches ; and iron as a rare
metal. The language or writing of this period
ami people is not known with certainty.
The Second Age follows, that of the Homeric
poems, with Greek for language, iron common
with bronze ; fibulce fastening a new costume ;
and cremation, not as a rule, burial with treasure
attached, but burial under a cairn.
The Third Age is called " the Dipylon " from
the contents of the cemetery outside the Dipylon
gate at Athens, and exhibits the fully developed
use of iron ; horses instead of the war-chariots
of the First and Second Ages ; absence of cairns
;iml burial preferred to burning; an art which
contained decadent Minoan and also rude vase
paintings of. human existence; and female
costume like that of the First Age in having a
separate skirt and bodice.
Finally, we come to the Fourth Age, the
i archaic age of Greece from the ninth to the seventh
centuries and the period of the Cyclic poems.
Mr. Lang proceeds to point out that to the
majority of critics the life described in the
I Homeric poems is a mosaic of all these four Ages,
or, in other words, a medley of some six centuries
or more, a picture of fancy, not fact. Critics
" find anachronisms and inconsistencies as to
armour (but not costume), as to rites, as to
marriage laws, as to houses, as to tactics, as to
land tenure ; but the inconsistencies and ana-
chronisms at most are petty, and, we are to argxie,
at most represent such minute variations from
the norm as occur in all societies, savage or
civilised." Mr. Lang's contention is that the
details of life shown in the ' Iliad ' and the
' Odyssey,' from which the later Cyclic poems
vary widely, are all old and all congruous.
There are four Appendixes to the book, one
of theni concerning the Pisistratean recension,
which is itself fairly clear as an historical event,
but in its extent a subject of dispute. The last
words of the last Appendix are very much to the
point. Mr. Lang has been talking of the higher
criticism of Homeric Wiederholungen (why not
translate this word into English ?) as repeated in
certain criticisms of Scottish ballads, and ends :
" In Homeric criticism, alas ! we have not the
letters and manuscripts of the poet. But it
is clear from the case of ' Auld Maitland ' that,
in the absence of facts, our motto in conjecture
should be — Gang warily ! "
The riddle does not seem so insoluble as that of
Junius and other historic doubts, for yearly we
are getting more evidence from the archaeologists
of custom and language in periods which, if not
Homeric, have at least resemblances to that of
Homer.
The Book of the Dead. By H. M. Tirard. (Society
for Promoting Christian Knowledge.)
IT was no easy task that Mrs. Tirard undertook
when she essayed to give a connected and intel-
ligible account of the religion of the Ancient
Egyptians so far as it may be gathered from that
strange medley, the Baedeker of Amenti, com-^
monly called ' The Book of the Dead.' The task
of co-ordinating its contents was one, indeed, that
no Egyptian priest or philosopher ever attempted.
It was always a confused labyrinth of incon*
sistent beliefs, and if after all Mrs. Tirard's efforts
it still remains so, the fault lies in the material
rather than in the redactor. The Egyptian, when
he acquired new and more rational beliefs, never-
discarded any^of the ancient ideas of his ancestors ,.
but was quite content to hold them all together
as antinomies which it was no business of his to
reconcile. Animal worship and sun-worship
existed side by side in impartial observance down
to the latest times, and were never fused into a
homogeneous whole. Mrs. Tirard has done what
she could to bring order into this chaos, not with-
out some success. In the Introduction she has
had the good fortune of finding a sponsor (or, to
speak Egyptiace, an ushabii) for her book in such,
a good authority as Prof. Naville, whose interpre-
tations she generally follows.
The reader will probably be mystified by the-
appearance on p. 30 of a goddess Thut, hitherto
unknown in the Egyptian pantheon. The name
has a thoroughly Egyptian aspect, but it is only
an unfortunate misprint for Mut. The higher
knowledge of a bodily resurrection claimed for
Job, xix. 20, " in my flesh shall I see God '*
p. 82), rests on an incorrect translation, as is well
known. The numerous illustrations are to be
commended for their clearness. The book will be
welcomed as a popularized account of a difficult,
subject.
300
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. APRIL 13, 1911.
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[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
10
ON all communications must be written the name
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communications which, for any reason, we do not
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A. A. and W. H. P.— Forwarded.
us. m. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
301
LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL .?.?, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 69.
NOTES :— Shakespeare and the Prayer Book, 301— Bishops'
Transcripts of London Parish Registers — Shakespeariana,
303— Shakespeare Allusions— St. Mark's Eve : " Watching
the Supper " — Letters of Junius — Bishop Fastida and
Farmhouse Bread— Richard Lely, 305— Swan Marks: Old
Surgical Works— The Grange, Kilburn, 306.
QUERIES : — Bishop King — Bagehot on the Crown —
Shakespeare and the Earl of Rutland—4 Edwin Drood '—
Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick-John Appleyard, 307—
Humphrey Cotes and Savage Barrell— A Curious Box—
•The Universities and the Scientific Corps'— R. Carnall—
Grainge Family—' Church Historians of England '—Snow
Statues— Rev. Anthony Gordon, 308— John Callaway—
Sandgate Castle— William Shewen, Quaker— Sir Miles
Wharton— French Ambassadors in London— Lawrence
Street -John Rider, 309.
REPLIES :— Dogs and other Animals on Brasses, 310—
4 Hamlet' in 1585, 311— Man in the Iron Mask Dramatized
—Clerks of the Parliament, 312— ' Nicholas Nickleby'—
'Pickwick' Difficulties — Reynolds's Pocket- Books —
Authors Wanted— Cobbett at Kensington, 313— Portrait
in Pitti Gallery— Samuel Rogers and^Disraeli's Baptism
— Sir W. Romney — Capell= Warner — " Barnburner " :
"Hunker," 314— American Words and Phrases— Queen
Elizabeth's Statue, 315-Miles Gale— White Lion of the
House of March— The Lords Smeaton— Gallows Bank,
316— Ancient Crosses— Bishop William Grey, 317— Horses
taken to Church— 4< Garde vin"— London Gunsmiths and
their Work, 318.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-'The History of the English Bible'
—'Wood Carvings in English Churches '—' The Fort-
nightly.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
SHAKESPEARE AND THE PRAYER
BOOK.
SHAKESPEARE was a prudent man. He
<;ould not otherwise have got and kept the
patronage of Queen Elizabeth. He says
much to encourage large patriotism among
Englishmen, but he scarcely touches what
we should call party politics. In religion he
is the same, hence both Puritans and Roman
Catholics have claimed him (1 S. x. 85 ; 5 S.
viii. 502 ; 6 S. x. 334 ; xi. 72 ; 9 S. xii. 29,
74). He could not belong to the former, for
against players and playwrights they uttered
terrible anathemas. Many of his plays, being
adaptations from Italian sources, refer to
things which had long ceased to exist here.
There would hardly be anybody living who
had any personal knowledge of our old
monasteries. He introduces monks, friars,
nuns, and the like without a word of slighting.
probably judging, and rightly, that the
audience would accept them in his own spirit.
On the other hand, when he was a boy, and
after he came up to town, there would be
living many clergy, well under 60 years
of age, who had been ordained under the old
ordinal. Doubtless he knew some. His
priests are always styled " Sir," a title which
apparently was not used by the reformed
clergy. It is to be noticed that he makes the
schoolmaster a better Latin scholar than
the priest, whose nickname, Sir John Lack-
latin, older than his time, reminds us of
mumpsimus (' Love's L.,' IV. ii.). So
his vicar is Mar-text (' As You Like It,' III.
iiL).
Archbishop Benson doubtless got from
Shakespeare the hint for his phrase " the
Italian mission," for King John swears *' that
no Italian priest shall tithe or toll in our
dominions " (III. i.), which would secure a
round of applause from the audience of
1594.
The Gunpowder plotters of 1605 were
influenced by a treatise on ' Equivocation '
a word which had not been used in this sense,
in English before (sees.v. sense 2 in ' N.E.D.').
In 1605-6 Shakespeare wrote ' Macbeth '
to please James I., and more than once
brings in this ill-omened word : " the
equivocation of the fiend that lies like
truth."
It is observable that, with one or two unim-
portant exceptions, we have no ecclesiastical
characters from 1599 till the very last,
Henry VIII., 1613, where undeniably our
sympathies are wholly with Wolsey.
The following notes leave no doubt that
Shakespeare was well acquainted with the
Prayer Book of his own time.
He provides himself with an annual
almanac : —
Here comes the almanac of my true date,
' Com. Err.,' I. ii.,
of the right ecclesiastical sort : —
My red dominical, my golden letter,
' Love's L.,' V. ii.
A holyday .... in golden letters should be set
in the Calendar. ' K. John,' III. i.
He is anxious to please both conformist and
Puritan : —
Though honesty be no Puritan, it will wear the
surplice of humility over the black gown of a
big heart." ' All's Well,' I. iii.
And he quotes one of the most essential
phrases of the Athanasian Creed : —
There is no Christian that means to be saved by
believing rightly. ' Twelfth Night,' III. ii.
302
NOTES AND QUERIES, m s. in. APKH, 22, 1911.
He is familiar with the Litany : —
From all such devils, good Lord, deliver us !
' Taming Shrew,' I. i.
God grant us patience, to hear meekly.
'Love's L.,' I. i.
A time, methinks, too short to make a world-
without-end bargain in. ' Love's L.,' V. ii.
The Collects serve his purpose. Here are
echoes of the Second Sunday in Advent : —
Much of the hearing, little of the marking.
' Love's L.,' I. i.
Dosfc thou hear me ? Ay, and mark thee too.
' 1 Hen. IV.,' II. iv.
You hear not. . . .not listening, not marking.
'2 Hen. IV.,' I. ii.
And this from Good Friday : —
Black pagans, Turks and Saracens.
' K. Rich. II.,' IV. i.
He remembers Epistles and Gospels : —
A madman's epistles are no gospels.
' Twelfth Night,' V. i.
And probably this is a recollection of the
Gospel for Whitsunday : —
Judas 1 am .... Not Iscariot. ' Love's L.,' V. ii
The rule about godparents is implied : —
My Lord of Canterbury. . . .a fair young maid
wants baptism, you must be godfather, and
answer for her ; two noble partners with you : the
old Duchess of Norfolk, and Lady Marquis
Dorset. ' H. VIII.,* V. ii.
"I do, I will" ('1 Hen. IV.,' II. iv.),
reminds us of Confirmation.
The Catechism is not forgotten : —
These pickers and sfcealers. ' Hamlet,' III. ii.
Honest in deed and word.
* As You Like It,' III. iii.
Naturally the Marriage Service has the
largest place.
Banns are often mentioned : —
She is sub- contracted to this lord,
And I, her husband, contradict your banns.
' K. Lear,' V. iii.
Contracted bachelors, such as had been asked
twice on the banns. ' 1 K. Hen. IV.,' IV. ii.
I'll crave the day
When I shall ask the banns.
' Taming Shrew,' II. i.
The priest, the clerk, the sexton, the
witnesses, the book, the ceremonies, are all
introduced : —
When the priest
Should ask — if Katharine should be his wife,
.... he swore so loud
That all amaz'd, the priest let fall the book.
But after many ceremonies done. . . .
He threw the sops all in the sexton's face.
' Taming Shrew,' III. ii.
To the church ; take the priest, clerk, and some
sufficient honest witnesses.
' Taming Shrew,' IV. iv.
it.
The opportunity of alleging an impedi-
ment, the solemn appeal to the two personsr
and other portions of the service come in : —
If there be any impediment, I pray you discover
' Much Ado,' III. ii.
If either of you know any inward impediment
why you should not be conjoined, I charge you,. '
on your souls, to utter it. ' Much Ado,' IV/i.
May I never dream of impediment.
' Antony and C.,' II. ii.
My will is this day to be conjoin'd
In the estate of honourable marriage.
' Much Ado,' V. iv.
Is there none here to give the woman ?
Truly she must be given, or the marriage is not
lawful. « As You Like It,' III. iii.
Wrill you, Orlando, have to wife this Rosalind ?
I will.
I take thee, Rosalind, for my wife.
'As You "Like It,' IV. i.
You come hither, my lord, to marry this lady ?
Lady, you come hither to be married to this
count ? ' Much Ado,' IV. i.
A contract of eternal bond of love,
Confirm'd by mutual joinder of your hands
Strengthen'd by inter changem en t of your rings ;.
And all the ceremony of this compact
Seal'd in my function, by my testimony.
' Twelfth Night,' V. i.
Still better and worse.
' So you must take husbands.
' Hamlet,' III. iL
Married . . . .stay till death.
' Antony and C.,' IV. if..
God forbid that I should wish them sever'd
Whom God hath join'd together.
' 3 K. Hen. VI.,' IV. i.
Malvolio complains that he has been-.
" visited by the priest." He means visited
officially, as in the Visitation of the Sick,,
for the clown, personating Sir Topas the-
curate, comes to the place where the pre-
tended lunatic is detained and begins the
office, "Peace in this prison" ('Twelfth
Night,' IV. ii., V. i.). So when Lucio comes-
to the door of the nunnery he calls, " Peace-
be in this place " (' Measure for M.,' I. v.).
At the burial the priest casts earth upon,
the body, in its shroud, as was ordered in the
book of 1549 :—
Some hangman must put on my shroud, and lay
me
Where no priest shovels in dust.
* Winter's T.,' IV. iii.
Healing by the royal touch "with holy
prayers" is described in 'Macbeth,' IV. iii.
The use of the almanac with dominical and-
golden letters has been noticed above. The-
calendar is referred to more than once, and
the Friday fast is observed (' Measure for
M,,' III. ii.). Most of the great days and.
ii s. in. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
303
seasons are specified : Shrove Tuesday, Ash
Wednesday, Lent, Good Friday, Easter,
Ascension Day, Whitsuntide, Ember, and
Christmas.
In one way or another the following saints
and days are mentioned : Alban, All Souls,
Anne, Bennet, Charity, Crispin, Crispian,
David, Denis, Francis, George (very often),
Gis, Gregory, Hallowmass, Holy Cross, Holy
Rood, Jaques, Jamy, Jeronimy, John,
Katharine, Lambert, Lammas, Luke, Martin,
Mary, Michael, Michaelmas, Nicholas, the
O's, antiphons, Patrick, Paul, Peter, Philip,
Philip and Jacob, Stephen, and Valentine.
On these it may be remarked that " Gis "
is much older than Shakespeare, and was a
conventional disguise of Jesu. Under
" Mary " may be included " lady help,"
which was a usual ejaculation, and is often
found in inscriptions (' Love's L.,' II. i.).
" Philip and Jacob " is noteworthy, for it is
so printed in the Elizabethan Prayer Book
of 1559, and is preserved by a church in
Bristol to this day.
A tew miscellaneous items : the clerk to
say " amen " after the priest, ' K. Rich. II.,'
IV. i. ; the ten commandments, ' Measure
for M.,' I. ii. ; confession of sin, * Othello,'
V. ii. ; prayer and fasting, parts of penance,
* Com. Err.,' I. ii.
The corresponding passages in the Book
of Common Prayer are not set out, but they
will be easily found. . W. C. B.
BISHOPS' TRANSCRIPTS OF LONDON
PARISH REGISTERS.
IT is not, I believe, generally known that
there exist amcng the diocesan records in
St. Paul's Cathedral a considerable number
of transcripts of the registers of individual
parishes in London and the neighbourhood
for the year 1629-30 (Lady Day to Lady
Day), tied up together in "two good-sized
bundles.
There is also (and this has, I think, been
mentioned before, though very briefly) a
bound volume containing a number of tran-
scripts for the period of the Plague and
Fire, many being of some interest. Among
them are chiefly transcripts for the follow-
ing parishes, so far as the City is concerned,
viz. : —
SS. Anne and Agnes, Bridewell (Precinct).
St. Bartholomew the Great.
St. Ghristopher-le-Stocks.
St. Katherine Coleman.
St. Ivatherine Cree.
St. John Zachary.
St. Leonard, Shoreditch.
St. Margaret, Lothbury.
St. Margaret Moses.
St. Martin Outwich.
St. Mary Colechurch.
St. Mary, Woolnoth.
St. Michael, Queenhithe.
St. Michael-le-Quern.
St. Olave, Hart Street.
St. Olave, Silver Street.
Of these some are for 1664, some 1665, and
some 1666 ; there being also included in
the volume an isolated return for the parish
of Holy Trinity, Minories, covering the year
1638-9.
Among the Middlesex returns for 1665,
in the same book, are to be found Acton and
Baling, the latter having visitation present-
ments recorded on the same sheet.
According to my observation, both the
earlier and later collections which I have
alluded to will be found to comprise tran-
scripts for parishes of which the original
registers have long since perished. Lists of
all the transcripts are preserved at the
Diocesan Registry.
WILLIAM McMumiAY.
St. Anne and St. Agnes with St. John Zachary „'
Gresham Street, E.C.
SHAKESPEARIANA.
' KING LEAR,' II. ii. 166-76. — These lines
(in the Globe, 170-80) run as follows (Kent
soliloquizing) : —
Approach, thou beacon to this tinder globe,
That by thy comfortable beams I may
Peruse this letter. Nothing almost sees miracles
But misery : I know 'tis from Cordelia,
Who hath most fortunately been inform'd
Of my obscured course ; and shall find time
From this enormous state, seeking to give
Losses their remedies. All weary and o'er-
watched,
Take vantage, heavy eyes, not to behold
This shameful lodging.
Fortune, good night ; smile once more ; turn
thy wheel !
[He sleeps.
The whole context seems necessary to-
explain the lines,
I know 'tis from Cordelia,
Who hath most fortunately been inform'd
Of my obscured course ; and shall find time
From this enormous" state, seeking to give
Losses their remedies.
Furnesa (New Variorum, 1880) cites all
the leading editors on this passage, but
little light is afforded. Johnson read " state-
seeking." Jenny ns supposed Kent to be
reading snatches of Cordelia's letter, and
Steevens and Collier follow him. Malone
supposes that two half-lines have dropped
304
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. HI. APRIL 22, i»n.
out, and Staunton would amend the text
by reading "she'll" for "shall." Cowden
Clarke supposes the subject of " shall find
time " to be the same as that of " hath been
inform' d," i.e., Cordelia. Dyce observes :
<c The text is obscure, and perhaps corrupt."
Mr. Craig, the editor of the ' Arden Shake-
speare,' remarks, " apparently hopelessly
corrupt."
Now the text is evidently not corrupt,
and it is strange that the obvious meaning
has escaped so illustrious a body of critics.
Mason, indeed, was on the right track when
he recognized that " shall find time " harks
back to " I " for its subject ; but he got
no further.
My paraphrase is as follows : —
" O that the sun would rise, that I may read
this letter. [It is too dark to see, but] by some
miracle I know 'tis from Cordelia, who hath most
fortunately been informed of my benighted
wanderings ; until sunrise, I shall take opportunity
from my enormous state of enforced idleness
herein the stocks to recuperate my jaded faculties
'[by a little sleep]. Thus, weary eyes, you may
escape the shame of beholding so disgraceful a
lodging. Better luck to-morrow ! "
[He sleeps.
For proof that Shakespeare believed in
the power of sleep to " give losses their
remedies," the reader need go no further
than this very play, II. ii. 158-9 ; III. vi.
102-5 ; IV. iv. 12.
I think my paraphrase fully explains the
words " enormous state " and " seeking to
^ive losses their remedies," which have
really caused all the trouble.
T. J. MOSLEY.
' HAMLET,' IV. vii. 28 :—
Stood challenger on mount of all the age.
According to Moberly, the editor of the
4* Rugby Edition,"
" the allusion seems to be to the coronation
ceremony of the Emperor of Austria as King of
Hungary, when, on the Mount of Defiance at
Presburg, he unsheathes the ancient sword of
.state, and shaking it [striking with it] north,
south, east, and west, challenges the four corners
of the world to dispute his rights."
It is, of course, an anachronism to write
about an Emperor of Austria before 1812,
and the ceremony is not a challenge at all,
but only a solemn promise that the new
king will defend the country against all
enemies. But where did Shakespeare read
or hear anything about it ?
In the English translation of Martin
Fumee's ' Historie of the Trovbles . of
Hungarie ' (London, 1600) there is a long
description of " the Crowning of a King of
Hungarie " on pp. 346 et seq.t but unfor-
tunately the scene on the mount is slurred
over as follows : —
" And from thence [the Cordiliers] he [the King]
went mounted on horsebacke richly decked ....
two miles from thetowne [of Poson,] toaccomplishe
certain ceremonies depending upon the oth which
the Kings ought to make in such sacred things."
L. L. K.
' MEASURE FOR MEASURE ' : FRENCH
PARALLEL. — According to Prof. Haraszti
of the Kolozsvar University, Claude Rouillet
of Beaune wrote a tragedy — in French
(1563 and 1577) and also in Latin (1596)—
the plot of which is founded on the same
story as ' Measure for Measure.' The title
of the French play is ' Philanire, Femme
d'Hipolite.' L. L. K.
SHAKESPEARE'S EPITAPH : " PAGE " (11 S.
ii. 163, 422). — It is possible that the word
" page " in the sentence " My work touch-
ing the ' Proficiency and Advancement of
Learning ' I have put into two Books,
whereof the former, which you saw, I account
but as a Page to the latter," merely denotes
a preface, introduction, or advertisement ;
and that it is not used by Bacon in a meta-
phorical sense. N. W. HILL.
" ALL 's WELL THAT ENDS WELL,' I. i.
114-16 (11 S. ii. 422).— Sydney Walker
probably suspected "cold" to be corrupt
because the two adjectives do not agree
in kind. As the two substantives, wisdom
and folly, are contrasted, it does not neces-
sarily require an antithesis between the two
adjectives. But taking the adjective of
quality as unhappily placed against the
adjective of quantity, then " superfluous"
needs explanation. The meaning of " cold "
is " free from excitement," "unimpassioned."
Compare the obsolete expression " wise and
cold," and the sense in the ' N.E.D.,'
v. " cold," II. 7 f&> with the more modern
" cool." TOM JONES.
Would not the difficulty in the lines,
Yet these fix'd evils sit so fit in him,
That they take place, when virtue's steely bones
Look bleak i' the cold wind ; withal, full oft we see
Cold wisdom waiting on superfluous folly.
be got over easily by reading " Old " in
place of the second " Cold " ? Thus :—
Old wisdom waiting on superfluoxis folly.
This emendation may be justified on the
ground that
wisdom views with an indifferent eye
All finite things, as blessings born to die.
N. W. HILL.
ii s. ni. A«UL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
305
SHAKESPEARE ALLUSIONS. — The following
do not appear in the ' Shakspere Allusion-
Book ' :—
1. " From thence passing on to Black -fryers
and seeing never a Play-bil on the Gate, no
Coaches on the place, nor Doorkeeper at the
Play-house door, with his Boxe like a Church-
warden, desiring you to remember the poor
Players, I cannot but say for Epilogue to all
the Playes were evor acted there :
Poor House that in dayes of our Grand-sires,
Belongst unto the Mendiant Fryers :
And where so oft in our Fathers dayes
We have seen so many of Shakspears Playes.
So many of Johnson's Beaumonts. & Fletchers,
R. Fleckno, ' Miscellania,' 1653, p. 141.
2. More oi Venice. — O but lago, when we think
on thee,
Not to applaud thy vice of Flattery ;
Yet must that Part never in our thoughts dye,
Since thou didct Act, not mean that Subtilty.
' An Egley [.vie) Upon the most Execrable
Murt her of Mr Clun .... 1664,'
broadside, folio.
3. The " full-acorn' d boar" of ' Cym-
beline,' II. v., appears in Lee's ' Princess of
Cleve,' 1689, V. i. G. THORN-DRURY.
ST. MARK'S EVE : " WATCHING THE
SUPPER."-— In the extracts from The Hull
Advertiser of 1796 printed ante, p. 245, is one
referring to girls watching their supper on
St. Mark's Eve. Old persons used to speak
of this as a common practice in houses where
there were several female servants. Supper
was laid just before midnight, in the kitchen-
place, the girls sitting away from the table.
As the clock struck midnight " the shadow "
of one or more of the girls' future husbands
or sweethearts would come in, and sit down
on one of the chairs. My mother had seen
tables thus set out in the kitchen of her
father's farmhouse about one hundred years
ago. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
THE LETTERS OF JUNIUS : ANNOTATED
FILE OF ' THE PUBLIC ADVERTISER.' — Some
years ago I purchased a set of The Public
Advertiser for 1766-72, which I subse-
quently handed over to the London Library.
These volumes are of special interest to
students interested in the Junian controversy,
as their margins are annotated copiously
by some one who has taken much trouble
to investigate the mystery. Although I
have not identified the handwriting, I take
it to be that of John Wade or Dr. John Mason
Good — probably the latter.
By reference to these files one can perceive
the methods adopted by the writer of these
marginalia to identify the numerous letters
that Junius is supposed to have written under
other pseudonyms ; and if an attempt is
ever made in some new edition to eliminate
the many apocryphal letters which Dr.
Good introduced into his edition (as I trust
it may be), these volumes will be of great
help in such a work. For this reason I
think the fact should be stated in ' N. & Q.'
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
BISHOP FASTTDA AND FARMHOUSE BREAD.
— We have heard a great deal about whole-
meal bread in London recently, so the good
opinion of it uttered by the last metropolitan
bishop of Londinium Augusta whose name
has come down to us may prove interesting.
Fastida or Fastidius, who filled the see in
about A.D. 430, is writing ' De Vita Chris-
tiana ' to a widow named Fatalis. He tells
her, with spiritual intent, that no one can
be really (satis) hungry who longs for bread
that is clear and bright, when he has his
ration of common bread (panis cibarius)
before him. He gees on to say he hopes
the bread he has will not be disliked, even
though it seems to be panis rusticus. For
country bread, he continues, though it looks
rather coarse, has more body, and streng-
thens and satisfies the fatigued and hungering
stomach quicker, than that which is made
of flour from winter wheat, and looks
refined : —
' Rusticus enim panis incultior uidetur esse, sed
fortior et celerius esurientem stomachum satiat,
fessum corroborat, quam qui siligineus uidetur et
nitidus." — Apud Migne, 'Patrolcgise Cursus/
tome 1., col. 384.
ALFRED ANSCOMBE.
30, Albany Road, Stroud Green, N.
RICHARD LELY. — A little volume of
mediocre verse, with a few translations from
Horace and other ancient poets, has just
come into the possession of the London
Library, and has excited my interest. It
is by one of the crowd of minor versifiers
of the early eighteenth century, but it was
the name of the author rather than the
verses which attracted me. " Richard Lely,
Esq.," the author of ' Poems and Translations
on Several Occasions,' 1727 (there was an
earlier edition in 1723), at once suggested
Sir Peter Lely the artist, and there seems
to be no doubt that the " poet " was the
grandson of the painter. By piecing together
various scattered bits of evidence we shall
arrive at something like a convincing con-
clusion.
Sir Peter Lely (who died in 1680) had a
son and heir John Lely, of Kew Green and
~reetwell, co. Lincoln ; he married Anne,
306
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. APRIL 22, 1911.
•daughter of Richard Mountenay, Esq., of
Kew. By this marriage there were two
sons — Richard, " of whom we treat," as the
genealogists say, and Peter (born in 1698,
>died 1761).
Richard Lely, the elder son, is described
in his epitaph in Greetwell Church as " Petri
Lely, Car. II. Pictoris, Nepos Natu-Maxi-
mus." In the parish registers of Richmond,
Surrey (Register Society), under date 1695/6,
29 January, we find registered the baptism
of " Richard, son of John Leley, Esq., and
Anne his wife " ; and here it may be men-
tioned that in these same registers the sur-
name is variously spelt Lilley, Leley, and
Liley. Richard Lely entered Queen's College,
Oxford, and matriculated 7 May, 1712, aged
16, his father's name by some error appear-
ing in the books as " George " Lely of
Richmond, Surrey. He entered Lincoln's
Inn in 1719, and his father's name is correctly
given as John. He died in 1735 without
surviving issue. His brother Peter, who
had twenty children by Frances Mapletoft,
died in 1761, and the male line of the family
apparently became extinct in 1843 with the
death of Frederic, the grandson of Richard's
brother (and probably heir) Peter.
The verses of Richard Lely are evidently
the work of a scholar in spite of their small
modicum of poetic merit. Here and there
one comes across a happy phrase or a well-
turned line. Lowndes records that a large-
paper copy of the ' Poems ' realized II. 5s.
at the Skegg Sale in 1842, but its value
to-day would not be much more than a
few pence. On some of the head-pieces
and initial letters will be found the initials
" F. H." (Francis Hoffman), who engraved
many things of this kind for books in the
early part of the eighteenth century, and
on whom an article by the late Mr. Edward
Solly appeared in vol. ix. of Walford's
Antiquarian. Doubtless these little decora-
tions were the " stock " adornments of the
printers, and were used in all sorts of books.
Mr. Cust refers in his notice of Sir Peter
Lely in the ' D.N.B.' to the artist's grandson
" John " Lely as being also "a painter,
but of small merit." I cannot find that Lely
had any grandson with this Christian name.
Probably John Lely, Sir Peter's son and heir,
dabbled in painting.
It may be mentioned that Gent Mag.
records the death of a " Richard Lilly,
M.D., J.P. for Middlesex and Surrey, and
Chairman of the Westminster Sessions,"
March, 1749 ; but I think he must have
belonged to quite another family.
W. ROBERTS.
SWAN MARKS : OLD SURGICAL WORKS. —
Two wills which I have recently examined
contain notes which perhaps are worthy of
preservation in ' N. & Q.'
The first of these is the will of " Thomas
Graye, of Wisbeach in the Isle of Ely,
gentleman." It is dated 1593, and was
proved in the following year (P.C.C.).
The testator bequeaths to his nephew Henry
Graye " my swanne marke called ' the
Bowne Copelles or Copell spares,'" "my
swanne mark called ' the Letheres,' " and
" my swanne mark called ' .the Pelles with
six Gapes.' "
The second will referred to is that of
Nicholas Geeringe, "ship's chirurgeon of the
good ship Unitie," dated 1623/4, and proved
(P.C.C.) 1631. The testator bequeaths to
John Boothe Parke, of the same ship,
" All my bookes, the names of them as followeth,
vizt, one Bible, Practise of Pietie, S* Augustine's
meditacons, Garden of Spirituall Flowers, a Sermon
uppou divers textes, Jacobs wrastling wth God,
Vigo Clowsies Chirurgery, Monardus works of
Chirurgerie, Parces woorkes in gunshott, Woodhalls
works, Cloys Chirurgery, Viccars works of Chirur-
gerie, one Chirurgerie booke, one Manuscript booke
of Chirurgerie, Virgill judgement of the Starrs, Art
of Gunery, Merchants of Esau, Regiment of the Sea,
and Withers woorks which I lent unto Thomas
Bright, Merchant."
Other bequests include various surgical
instruments, including " one incision knife
layde both endes wth silver," and "onepayre
of sissors tipt with silver."
P. D. MUNDY.
THE GRANGE, KILBURN. — The demolition
of this house and the utilization of its grounds
are worth recording in these pages. Notices
in the press (Morning Post, 23 March, and
others) have referred to it as " the last
remaining relic of old Kilburn " ; but the
expression is misapplied because there
still exist buildings of the late eighteenth
century, and this brick building, with French
windows, mouldings, quasi-Gothic doorway,
and chapel, was probably built after 1830.
The contents of the house were sold in April,
1910 ; but there was nothing of local
interest offered. The grounds, extending
over 9£ acres, are pleasant ; there is no
timber of more than 70 years' growth, but
the land is freehold, and 8£ acres have been
acquired as a public park. A scheme was
brought forward last year to build a huge
music-hall on the High Road frontage.
Much local agitation ensued, but a licence
having been refused, a proposal to build
shops or flats on the frontage has been
ii s. in. APRIL 22, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
307
adopted, and on account of this change the
price asked for the estate, 35,OOOZ., has
been reduced to 19,OOOZ. for the area named.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
BISHOP EDWARD KING. — I have under-
taken to write a memoir of the late Bishop
of Lincoln. I should be deeply grateful
for the loan of any of his letters, and -would
take the utmost care of anything entrusted
to me. Can any one supply the Bishop's
birthplace ? GEORGE W. E. RUSSELL.
18, Wilton Street, S.W.
BAGEHOT ON THE CROWN. — It is frequently
stated in print that Bagehofc declared that,
if the reigning monarch's . responsible
ministers were to submit to him a warrant
for his execution, the monarch would have
to sign it. Where did Bagehot sav this ?
A. P.
Toronto.
SHAKESPEARE AND THE EARL OF RUTLAND.
— We have heard usque ad nauseam of the
theory that Shakespeare's plays were written
by Bacon. I should be glad to learn the title
and date of a book published a few years
ago by a Danish writer who put forth
another theory — that the plays were by the
Earl of Rutland, i.e., Roger, the fifth Earl.
W. T. LYNN.
'EDWIN DROOD.' (See 5 S. ii. 407, 475,
526 ; iii. 136, 177 ; 8 S. iti. 348, 418, 472 ;
xi. 508 : 9 S. ix. 361 ; xii. 389, 510 ; 10 S.
i. 37, 331.)— The review in ' N. & Q.' for
25 March (ante, p. 230) of Prof. Henry
Jackson's ' About Edwin Brood ' has re
called to my recollection a contemporary
review of Dickens' s posthumous book, in
my possession as a newspaper cutting.
I should like to discover the source of this
review, which evidently (from the adver-
tisements on the back) appeared in a London
paper in August, 1870. It fills rather more
than a column ; begins, " It w.ould not be
just to criticize a fragment " ; and ends.
* Surely no unworthy epitaph for the
author of • The Mystery of Edwin Drood.1 "
What gives the review in question special
interest at the present time is that the
reviewer notes, as an inference about which
there can be no doubt, that Datchery is
Tartar (" Datchery aHas Tartar," and again
"Mr. Datchery, TV ho is clearly the ex-
midshipman Tartar "). Was this identifica-
tion of the " idle dog who Uved upon his
means" (p. 140, orig. edit.) with the *; idle
man " (p 138) who "accepted the fortune [of
his uncle] " the usually accepted belief until
in 1874 (thirteen years before Procter pub-
lished his ' Watched by the Dead '} Mortimer
Collins suggested that Datchery was Drood v
Mr. George F. Gadd state* * The Case for
Tartar ' in The Dickensian of January, 1906,
but he fails to lay stress on the significant
paragraph at the end of chap. xxii. which
tells of the effect on Rosa of the unexplained
absence of Tartar. If, as Proe. Jackson
suggests, chap, xviii. should follow chap,
xxiii., the result would be to bring this
paragraph into immediate juxtaposition
with the paragraph beginning " At about
this time a stranger appeared in Cloister -
ham." P. J. ANDERSON.
University Library, Aberdeen.
[We publish this query with pleasure, but we
cannot reopen the whole question of the mystery
concerning Datchery and. the death or survival
of Edwin Drood, which have been amply dis-
cussed elsewhere. The Athenceum review of the
book in 1870 says nothing about the guesses as
to the details of the story.]
CHARADES BY COL. FITZPA TRICK. — Horace
Walpole in a letter to the Hon. H. S. Conway
dated Oct. 29, 17R6, quotes two charades
made by Col. Fitzpatrick and sent to him
by Lady Ossory. The first, she says, is
very easy, the second very difficult : —
1. In concert, song, or serenade,
My first requires my second's aid.
To those residing near the pole
I would not recommend my whole.
2. Charades of all things are the worst,
But yet my best have been my first.
Who with my second are concern 'd
Will to despise my whole have learn'd.
Can any of your readers give me a solu-
tion of these charades, especially of the
first ? JOHN MURRAY.
50, Albemarle Street, W.
JOHN APPLE YARD. — When did this un-
fortunate half-brother of Amy Robsart die ?
The latest reference to him that I have
met with is 31 May, 1574, when he was
ordered to be taken from Norwich Castle
(where he had been imprisoned since 1570)
and placed in charge of the Dean of Norwich
(' Cal. S. P. Dom.' ). Yet, according to a very
full pedigree by Mr. H. W. Aldred ( Yorkshire
Genealogist, i. 130), his will is stated to have
been proved in the Norwich Archdeaconry
Court in 1572. W. D. PINK.
308
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. APRIL 22, 1911.
HUMPHREY COTES AND SAVAGE BARRELS.
— The first wife of Humphrey Cotes, the
friend of John Wilkes, died during the
patriot's exile on the Continent. Later,
Cotes married again. Was his second wife
the widow, the sister, or the daughter of
Savage Barrel 1, a prominent member of the
Bill of Eights society ?
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
A CURIOUS Box. — T have in my possession
a box which puzzles all who see it, and
perplexed the curiosity-shop keeper who
sold it to me. It is a beautiful piece of
Sheraton, 8 in. long, 4£ in. wide, and 2 in.
high. In the inlaid top are eight holes,
TV in. in diameter, communicating with
the only receptacle the box contains — an
unlocked drawer. The peculiarity of the
box — or rather drawer-case — is that its
corners are clamped with brass and a large
piece of lead has been let in the bottom,
which is covered with green baize. The
green baize seems to suggest that it was to
be pushed along a table, and the excessive
weight that in the holes were to be inserted
articles long enough to need ballasting. But
so much massive strength for the case of a
tiny drawer without any lock seems odd.
I \\onder if any reader has seen anything of
the kind, or if this is unique, made to one
person's design. The dealer thought it
might be part of a game. Another sugges-
tion is that it was possibly used in lady's
fancy work ; a third, that it is a ballot box,
but the clamps and lead and absence of
lock should disprove that. E. V. L.
' THE UNIVERSITIES AND THE SCIENTIFIC
CORPS.' — In 1872 a pamphlet was published
entitled ' The Universities and the Scientific
Corps,' written by the late Col. Francis
Duncan, R.A., in conjunction with a leading
Oxford tutor. There is no copy in the
British Museum Library. Particulars of
this pamphlet are required for a bibliography.
Please reply direct. J. H. LESLIE, Major.
31, Kenwood Park Road, Sheffield.
ROBERT CARNALL — I should be glad of a
few brief biographical details about him
beyond what his own works furnish. In 1 822
appeared ' Leisure Hours Employed, con-
taining Poems on Various Subjects,' pub-
lished at Maidstone, and sold at Chatham,
Tunbridge, Sevenoaks, and London. On
the title-page the author is described as
" late* schoolmaster, Shipborne, Kent." His
next effusion appeared in 1839, and was
entitled ' Anthology, with Dictates,' pub-
lished in London. It was dedicated to his
aunt Mrs EUza Charlotte Broughton
Lachlan Vale, Appin, New South Wales.
The preface is dated from Seal School, near
Sevenoaks. There are " poems " to^his
cousins Miss E. A. London, Mr Peto Davis,
Miss Mary Ann Ward, and Mrs Thomas
Ward. From one of the pieces we learn
that he was educated at Greenwich (" where
first I learnt to spell "), and that more than
twenty years previously he joined a ship.
I may say that I have consulted Boase's
' Modern English Biography ' and ' The
Kentish Note-Book without result. The
information sought is for ' bibliographical
purposes. A. RHODES.
GRAINOE FAMILY. — A daughter Christian,
born about 1705, married John Baker of
Spitalfields, a great promoter of the silk-
reaving manufacture. Her sister Anne,
born about 1716, married, before 1746, the
Rev. Timothy Butter, Rector of Upwell,
Wisbech, 1740-57. She died, his widow,
at Hackney, 1789. Information regarding
the family and parentage of these sisters is
desired. Please reply direct.
G. G? BAKER CRESSWELL.
Barndale, Alnwick.
' CHURCH HISTORIANS OF ENGLAND.'—
Seeleys were well-known publishers in
Fleet Street and Hanover Street sixty years
ago. In 1853, or it may be the year before,
they began the publication of ' The Church
Historians of England.' I possess the
mediaeval part, which was translated by
the late Rev. Joseph Stevenson. Of this
the first part of the first volume is wanting,
and I have strong reasons for thinking
that it was never issued ; neither is the
second part of the fifth of my set to be found,
though whether it was never published,
or is deficient in my copy, I do not know.
I shall be grateful to any one who can
throw light on the subject. F. H.
SNOW STATUES. — I shall be obliged for
any references to works similar to Comte
de Robiano's ' Collection des Dessins des
Figures colossales et des Groupes qui ont
ete f aits de Neige dans plusieurs Rues ....
de la Ville d'Anvers Janvier 1772.'
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
REV. ANTHONY GORDON : FRANCIS HAS-
TINGS GORDON. — Born at Chelsea on 4 Feb-
ruary, 1794, Anthony was the elder son of
Capt. Anthony Gordon (born 1741 or 1746),
the re-inventor of bayonet exercise. He
was educated at St. Paul's School and at
Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A. 1816), of
n s. in. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
309
which he was chaplain 1838-58. His brother
Francis Hastings Gordon took his B.A. at
Cambridge in 1831. What became of them ?
J. M. BULLOCH.
118, Pall Mall, S.W.
JOHN CALLAWAY or CANTERBURY. — A
writer in ' Memorials of Old Kent ' states
that a certain John Callaway, Master of the
Silk Weavers of Canterbury, invented in
1787 what became known as " Canterbury
muslin."
Some time ago I purchased in that city
an armorial book of " John Callaway,"
which from its style dates from about the
year mentioned. Was this book-plate used
by the Master of the Silk Weavers ? If so,
what are the arms, and were they rightfully
borne ? P. D. M.
Hove.
SANDGATE CASTLE : BRIGADIER-GENERAL
Twiss' s PLANS.— The late Mr, Rutton wrote
in Arch. Cant., vols. xx. and xxi., i very
careful account of the building of Sandgate
Castle, gathered from the ledger preserved
in the British Museum and dated 1539-40.
He always deplored that we have no par-
ticulars of the alterations made in 1805-6,
transforming the building from an interest-
ing edifice to a mere Martello tower of a
larger growth than its neighbours. A few
months ago Dr. Holland Rose sent me from
the Pitt Papers a reference to the Castle.
He wrote : —
" On January 24th, 1805, Lord Chatham wrote
to Pitt from St. James's Square as to the need of
an early decision on the strengthening of Sandgate
Castle according to the plans of Brigadier-General
Twiss."
On my informing Mr. Rutton of this, he
replied : —
" The plans of Brigadier-General Twiss may
turn up some day, but where to be found is the
present question ! Plans would be interesting
and informing, and an elevation or a view of the
standing walls in January, 1805, would be even
more so."
Can any correspondent of ' N. & Q.' assist
in tracing these plans ?
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
WILLIAM SHEWEN, QUAKER. — The ' Dic-
tionary of National Biography ' gives an
account of William Shewen of Bermondsey
and Enfield, one of the first Quakers, born in
1631. He appears to have been well known
in his time both as a preacher and writer
of many works. He was the son of Ed-
ward Shewen, of whom there is no mention,
so far as I can ascertain, in the records of
either Bermondsey or Enfield. Where am
I likely to obtain information regarding
the parentage of William Shewen the Quaker ?
E. FITZGERALD.
1, Grove Court, Dray ton Gardens, S.W.
SIR MILES WHARTON. — In an article on
the creation of peers by Queen Anne to
secure a ministerial majority in the Upper
House, which appeared in The Nineteenth
Century for January last, it is stated that
of the twelve peers then created (1711),
" Samuel Masham, the husband of Abigail, was
only chosen on the refusal of a barony by Sir
Miles "Wharton, who said : ' This looks like
serving a turn. Peers used to be made for
services they have done, but I should be made
for services that I am to do."
Who was Sir Miles Wharton ? I do not
find his name in the ' D.N.B.' CURIOUS.
FRENCH AMBASSADORS IN LONDON. — I
am anxious to learn the names of the French
Ambassadors in London from the Peace of
Paris, 10 February, 1763, until the out-
break of the Revolutionary War, 1 Febru-
ary, 1793, and the exact dates on which
each arrived and left London.
F. DE H. L.
LAWRENCE STREET, ST. GILES' S-IN-THE-
FIELDS. — Can any one state the origin of
the name of this street ?
ALFRED SYDNEY LEWIS.
Library, Constitutional Club, W.C.
JOHN RIDER OF CAMBERWELL. — I shall
be obliged if any reader of ' N. & Q.' can
give me information concerning John Rider,
a resident of Camberwell Grove or Green
circa 1830-40. Researches have been made
at Somerset House for his will, but without
success, although I know my grandfather
examined it 60 years ago. I particularly
want to know the parentage and ancestry
of the above John Rider. I have investi-
gated the pedigree of the Riders of Boughton
Moncholsey, near Maidstone, but find no
reference therein. I am much inclined to
think that he came of a family named Rider
who, as we know by the Lay Subsidy Lists,
were resident at Compton, near Guildford.
I have examined the obituary columns in
The Gentleman's Magazine and The Times
for that period, but find no account of his
death. Can any of your readers tell me
who represents him at the present time ?
He had a brother named Thomas and a
sister named Ann. Please reply direct.
A. G. MARKS.
24, Hewlitt Road, Roman Road, E.
310
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. APRIL 22, 1911.
DOGS AND OTHER ANIMALS ON
BRASSES AND STONE EFFIGIES.
(US. iii. 208.)
IT seems that the dog generally occurs at
the feet of the deceased's monument as a
memento of some faithful animal : but not
always so, for the dog, it is well known,
had his heraldic place, like the lion and the
bear and many other heraldic quadrupeds.
On his brass at Ingham, Norfolk, Sir Bryan
Stapleton rests one foot on a lion and the
other on a dog — apparently a talbot. At
Deerhurst in Gloucestershire there is, in the
Priory Church, a large slab of blue marble
marking the place of interment of Sir John
Gassy, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and
his lady, at whose feet is a carved repre-
sentation of her favourite dog " Terri." In
Walpole Church, Norfolk, which gives its
name to the family of Walpole, is a tomb
to the memory of Sir Ralph de Rochford,
with his lady by his side, and at her feet a
dog looking up, and another couchant ;
and in the chancel of Shernborne Church in
the same county is, or was formerly, the
figure of Sir Thomas Sherborne's lady (1458),
at whose right foot is sitting a small dog with
a collar of bells. In St. Mary's Church,
Warwick, en a marble slab near the entrance
to the Beauchamp Chapel, is the tomb of
the Earl and Countess of Warwick. The
Earl's feet rest on a bear (his cognizance),
and the lady's on a dog which also has a
collar of bells. Another tomb, I think,
in the same church represents another Earl
and Countess of Warwick, the leet of the
former resting again on a bear, but of the
Countess on a lamb, presumed to be sym-
bolical of the Saviour. Salisbury Cathedral
has a monument to Robert, Lord Hunger-
ford, in which the feet are supported by a
dog with a coil of rope hanging from hi 8
collar. In Newton Church, near Gteddington,
Northamptonshire, Richard Tresham, who
died in 1433, has a dog at his feet. On the
Belasye monument in Coxwold Church,
Yorkshire, is a finely wrought stag, and a
lion is at the feet of the lady beside her
husband. At the foot of an effigy cf Bishop
Harewell in the south-choir aisle of Wells
Cathedral are two hares, doubtless by way
of armes parlantes. At Earls Coin in North
Essex, where there was a seat of the De
Veres, Earls of Oxford, there will, I think,
be found at the foot of the monument of
Robert Vere (1296) a boar, the well-known
cognizance of that illustrious family.
There are many other instances, but a
complete list would take up too much space.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
The county of Gloucester is peculiarly
fortunate in its preservation of these curious
monuments. At Gloucester Cathedral,
Tewkesbury Abbey, Bristol Cathedral, and
at Newland Church, near Coleford, may be
seen recumbent figures with their feet resting
on a dog or some other animal. Ne\vland
possesses one inside the church, and, what
is still more uncommon, one in the graveyard
adjoining, which has withstood our rigorous
winters for over four centuries. It com-
memorates an old forester of the Forest of
Dean, who is represented in hunting costume,
with his horn and " coteau du chase."
Effigies of this nature are of great rarity,
though there is an example in Glinton
Church, near Peterborough.
Around the plinth of the outer Newland
tomb runs this inscription, now hardly de-
cipherable i —
" Here : lythe : Ion : Wyrall : foister : of :
fee : the : whych : dysesyd : on : the : viii :
day : of : September : in : ye : yeare : of : oure :
Lord : MCCCCLVII : on : hys : soule : God :
have : mercy : Amen."
Portions of the ircn hearse which originally
covered the effigy still remain.
No doubt John Wyrall was one of the
nine ancient foresters of Dean, who held
office and had certain privileges, in return
for denned duties. One of the duties was to
blow a horn to give notice of the approach
of an enemy.
A view of the tomb, and plates of others,
with many interesting particulars, will be
fcund in the Bristol and Gloucestershire
Archaeological Society's Transactions by
referring to the index under ' Effigies.'
WILLIAM JAGGARD.
I know of no single work devoted entirely
to these accessories.
The Rev. Herbert Haines in his Intro-
duction to ' A Manual of Monumental
Brasses,' p. cxxv, &c., says : —
" Knights have no peculiar devices besides
their arms, unless we are to consider the lions and
dogs beneath their feet as emblematical of the
virtues of courage, generosity, and fidelity
indispensable to their profession. The idea of
placing a helmet beneath the head of the knight,
and his faithful dog reposing at his feet,
may have been suggested by the soldier's actual
practice when on military service. The lion at
the foot is rare after 1460. One or two little
dogs are often at the feet of ladies ; they are
probably intended for some favourite animal,
n s. in. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
311
.as they are often represented fawning on thei
mistresses, as at Harpham, Yorks, 1418 ; Arundel
Sussex, 1430 ; Bigbury, Devon, c. 1460 ; Raven
ingham, Norfolk, 1483 ; and two instances hav
been noticed in which the name has been added
' Terri,' at Deerhurst, Gloucestershire, 1400
and ' iakke",' on a fine brass formerly at Ingham
Norfolk, 1438. A dog, on which rest the fee
of a sculptured effigy of one of the Reynes family
.at Clifton Reynes, Bucks, bears its name ' Bo
on its collar, the date probably being the end o
the fourteenth century. Perhaps these examples
may explain the reason of the introduction of
horses' heads at the feet of effigies of knights
at Minster, Isle of Sheppey, and at Exeter
Cathedral.
" Lions are rarely found at the feet of eccle
jsiastics, civilians, or ladies ; instances of each
respectively may be seen at Herne, c. 1450
Graveney, 1436, Kent ; Childrey, Berks, 1444.
" Crests and badges within wreaths on the
helmets beneath the head of knights are common
They are occasionally placed beneath the feet .
e.g., a bear muzzled, Iselham, Cambridge, 1451 ;
an elephant, Tong, Salop, 1467 ; a whelk,
Wollaton, Notts, 1467(?) ; a boar, Sawley,
Derbyshire, 1467, 1478 ; an elftphant and castle
Wivenhoe, Essex, 1507, &c."
To these instances many might be added
from stone and wooden effigies. For ex-
ample, the wooden effigy of Sir Robert du
Bois (ob. 1311) at Fersfield, Norfolk, has at
the feet a spotted buck, the knight's crest.
At Brancepeth, co. Durham, the wooden
effigy of Ralph Neville, second Earl of West-
morland, has at the feet a collared dog, and
beneath the head a helmet surmounted by the
bull's-head crest. His countess, Margaret
Cobham, has two small dogs at her feet.
A. R. BAYLEY.
In the church of Acton Burnell,Vnear
Watling Street, Shropshire, there is a monu-
ment erected in 1591 to the memory of Sir
Richard Lee, Kt. Beside his effigy lies a
gauntlet, inside which a small dog is repre-
sented. L. G. R.
Reform Club.
In Gloucester Cathedral there is a re-
cumbent figure of Edward II., the feet of
which rest on what appeared to me to be
a wolf. N. W. HILL.
New York.
ABEBDONIAN will find a short explanation
of the use of animals on tombs in F. E.
Hulrne's ' Symbolism in Christian Art,'
1891, p. 176. IDA' M. ROPEK.
4 HAMLET' TN 1585 (US. iii. 267).— The
older and lost play of « Hamlet ' or
Hamblet' (upon which Shakespeare pro-
bably founded his immortal tragedy) is re-
ferred to by Thomas Nashe in his ' Epistle to
the Gentlemen Students of both Universities '
attached to Greene' s " Menaphon,' 1589.
The sentence runs : " He will afford you
whole Hamlets; I should say, handfulls
of tragical speaches."
In Henslowe's Diary, under date 9 June,
1594, is recorded the fact that the Lord
Chamberlain's company, which included
Shakespeare, acted with the Lord High
Admiral's men at Newington Butts, when
Henslcwe took joint management, and in
payment of his share of the proceeds " Re-
ceived at [the performance of] 'Hamlet,'
viiisr"
In Thomas Lodge's 'Wit's Miserie,' 1596,
is this reference ;—
" A foule lubber, and looks as pale as the
visard of ye ghost which cried so miserably at
ye theator like an oisterwife Hamlet, revenge I"-
A copy of the *' Hystorie of Hamblet,
Imprinted by Richard Bradocke for Thomas
Pauier, and are to be sold at his shop in
Corn-hill, neere to the Royall Exchange,
1608," small quarto, black-letter, will be
tound at Trinity College, Cambridge. It
is a translation from the third * Histoire '
of Fran§ois de Belief orest's collection, .\nd
an account of it is worth reading in Farmer's
Essay on the Learning of Shakespeare,'
1767, p. 59.
In conjunction with the foregoing should
studied Henry Chettle's * Hoffman ; or,
A Revenge for a Father,' 1631 (acted in
1602), reprinted by Lacy in 1852 : " Shake-
speare's Hamlet. . . .with extracts from the
old * Historic of Hamlet ' .... by John
3unter," 1865, 12mo, reprinted 1869,
1870, 1878 ; and above all, the appendix
;o Dr.Furness's variorum edition of 'Hamlet,'
2 vols. WILLIAM JAGGABD.
S tratf o rd-on -Avon .
A play with this title was acted by the
ord Admiral's and Lord Chamberlain's
servants at the Newington Theatre on
June, 1594. This would be some two
ears prior to the date when Shakespeare
3 believed to have written his play of that
lame.
WlLLOUGHBY MAYCOCK.
A writer in the " Henry Irving Edition "
>f Shakespeare's works, referring to the
ntry in Henslowe's Diary on 9 June,
594, remarks : —
" This seems to have been an old play »Tfc>r
lenslowe does not put the letters ne to it, as he
Iways does in the case of new plays."
R. VAUGHAN GOWEB.
312
NOTES AND QUERIES, [n s. in.
1911.
MAN IN THE IKON MASK DRAMATIZED
(11 S. iii. 267).— The following drama
bearing this title have been produced : —
In 1832 at the Coburg Theatre, by Thoma
James Serle, and at the Pavilion, by W. J
Lucas.
In 1835 at the Marylebone, by W. Bayle
Bernard.
In 1899 at the Adelphi, by (I believe
Mr. Norman Forbes Robertson, and at th<
Lyric, Hammersmith, by Mr. Max Gold
berg.
The last version produced was about two
years ago at the Lyceum, but I think it
bore a different title. WM. DOUGLAS.
125, Helix Road, Brixton Bill.
The Man in the Iron Mask has been
dramatized frequently. A version was pro-
duced at the Marylebone Theatre in February,
1855. Another version, by M. Goldberg,
was produced at Huddersfield, and after-
wards at the Hammersmith Lyric in 1899.
Yet another, by Messrs. Perth and Condie,
was given at Walsall in March of the same
year.
Lastly, the four - act drama entitled
The Prisoner of the Bastille,' by Norman
Forbes, produced at the Lyceum on 13 May,
1909, is also based on Dumas's romance.
WlLLOUCHBY MAYCOCK.
A drama in five acts on this subject was
written by Thomas James Serle, who was
\\ell known in the early part of the last
century, and took an active part with
Douglas Jerrold in founding the Dramatic
Author's Society, of which he was Honorary
Secretary, for some years.
BOBEKT WALTERS.
Ware Priory.
Thomas James Serle adapted ' The Man
in the Iron Mask.' As an actor he was
associated with Edmund Kean, Young,
Charles Kemble, &c. He married Cecilia,
daughter of Vincent Novello, sister of Mrs.
Cowden Clarke and Clara Kovello, after-
wards Countess Gigliucci. TOM JONES.
CLERKS OF THE PARLIAMENT (11 S. iii. 228).
— I do not know of any work, such as is
desired by W. S. B. H., giving the names of
all the holders of the Clerkship of the Parlia-
ment, with the time they nourished ; but
it would be of considerable interest to
have the list. One of the earliest specific
references to such an official that I have
yet seen is in the 'Calendar of the Patent
Rolls, Edward III., 1330-34' (p. 527), and
it runs : —
" 1334, March 3, York. Exemption for life
of Henry de Edenestowe, King's clerk, in con-
sideration of his great services as clerk of the
Chancery and of the Parliament, from being sent
without the Chancery and Parliament to under-
take any office or to do anything against his will ;
and power for him, with the licence of the chan-
cellor, to withdraw for a time from the Chancery
to his benefices or elsewhere, for rest and refresh-
ment, as he shall see fit ; and when he shall find
that he must do so, to stay always in his benefices
without undertaking any office."
To take a long leap forward, there is the
entry in the ' Acts of the Privy Council,
1554-56 ' (p. 22), under date 17 May, 1554,
of a gratuity of £40 to the Clerk of the
Parliament, among other officials, " by waie
of the Quenes Highnes' rewarde for travayle
and paynes taken in the two late Parlia-
ments." And in the Historical MSS. Com-
mission's calendar of the Cecil MSS. (part v.
p. 55) is a document, conjecturally dated
1594, noting that
" Whereas Mr. Mason, clerk of the Parliament,
being in years and troubled with some infirmity
of his eyes, is desirous to surrender his said office,
Robert Bowyer, of the Middle Temple, makes
bumble suit that her Majesty will be pleased to
grant the same office unto him, to be enjoyed
from the surrender or death of Mr. Mason."
The matter of this petition was carried a
point further in 1597, on 12 July of which
year Th. Smith (who seems to have been a
lerk to the Privy Council) wrote from the
Savoy to Sir Robert Cecil : —
" I crave that you will move her Majesty in
my behalf for the Clerkship of the Parliament,
now void by the decease of one Mr. Mason, that
died this afternoon. The office is but of small
commodity, and may be well enough executed by
me notwithstanding the place of service I have
already in the Court. I have none other on whose
"avour I may rely, my lord of Essex being absent,
)ut yourself. I think there is and will be one
3owyer a suitor for the place by the means of
my Lord of Buckhurst, who may be well worthy,
)erhaps, of some other and greater preferment,
)ut I may be bold to say (without any ill affec-
ion to the man) that he is not fit for this place,
>y reason of a great imperfection he hath in his
peech." — ' Cecil MSS.,' part vii., p. 299.
What fate befell this application is at
present to me unknown, but that Thomas
mith (if, as I suspect, he was the Privy
Council Clerk of the time) was a pushing
advocate of his own interests is evident from
i letter of 14/24 November, 1598, from
}apt. Jo. Chaniberlayne to the Earl of Essex,
vritten from Deuxsbourg, bitterly com-
ilaining, regarding certain of his suits, that,
having waded through many difficulties by
our only means, I am now like to be put be sides
>y Mr. Smith, the Clerk of the Council, that takes
us. m. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
313
the advantage of my absence to get that he never
spake for all the while I was in England." —
Ibid, part viii., p. 438.
But Bowyer himself seems to have been
capable of like underground intrigues against
a colleague or rival, as is evident from a
letter of Sir Thomas Tasburgh to Cecil of
26 May, 1599 (ibid., part ix. p. 180) ; and
I have dealt with the incident thus fully as
showing the fashion in which the Clerkship
of the Parliament was at one time sought,
and upon what manner of man it was thought
likely to be bestowed.
ALFRED F. BOBBINS.
John Browne was appointed Clerk of
the Parliaments 13 May, 13 Car. I. (1637).
George Rose the elder held the office
from June, 1788, till his death 13 January,
1818, when he was succeeded by his son
(Sir) George Henry Rose under a reversion
granted 24 October, 1795. The latter
retained the post till his 4eath, 17 June,
1855. ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
' NICHOLAS NICKLEBY ' : ': POPYLORUM
TIBI" (11 S. iii. 244).— MR. FITZGERALD'S
utterance is so cryptic that it may be as well
to point out that the words "populorum
" do not occur in what he quaintly calls
tibi
the " Latin version "
Laudamus.'
of the 'Te Deum
HABMATOPEGOS.
I should be glad to have an explanation
of MR. FITZGERALD'S point about Pickwick
at the reference above. HIPPOCLIDES.
'PICKWICK' DIFFICULTIES (11 S. iii. 267).
~ The expression " old-strike-a-lieht " is
common in this part of Kent. What its
precise meaning is, it is difficult to say. It
is usually applied to " heavy," bumptious,
lazy individuals. The expression old " stick-
in-the-mud " is frequently used in the some
sense. 'R. VAUGHAN GOWER.
Ferndale Lodge, Tunbridge Wells.
[For " Stick-in-the-Mud," see ante, pp. 106, 175,
257. Further replies next week.]
SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS'S POCKET-BOOKS
(11 S. iii. 267).— Reynolds' s notebooks, cash
bo:>ks, &c., were for many years, and
until quite recently, in the possession of
Mr. Algernon Graves, and everything in
them of value was printed in Graves and
Cronin's * History of the Works of Sir Joshua
Reynolds. P.R.A.' (privately printed in
four volumes). Mr. Graves sold his Reynolds
MSS. to a well - known private collector,
whose name I do not feel at liberty to reveal,
If MR. BLEACKLEY can get access to the
above-named work, I am sure he will find
anything that Reynolds may have entered
in his notebooks concerning his sitters.
W. ROBERTS.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED
(11 S. iii. 228, 274).— The author of the
drinking song " Sae will we yet " was Walter
Watson (1780-1854), a handloom weaver
of Chryston, near Glasgow. He published
three volumes of verse, and in th.6 year
preceding his death a selection was issued
with a prefatory memoir by Hugh Mac-
donald. " Sae will we yet " is included
in Whitelaw's anthology ' The Book of
Scottish Song ' (Blackie & Son), and it finds
a place in Wilson's ' Poets and Poetry of
Scotland.' Charles Rogers gives an im-
perfect version in the second volume
of ' The Modern Scottish Minstrel.' The
stanza of the lyric with the line inquired for
is as follows : —
Let the miser delight in the hoarding of pelf,
Since he has not the saul to enjoy it himself :
Since the bounty of Providence is new every day,
As we journey through life let us live by the way.
Watson receives appropriate notice in the
'D.N.B. THOMAS BAYNE.
The song "And sae will we yet" was
written by Walter Watson early in life, and
appeared in 'The Scottish Minstrel' in 1850.
In 1853 he published a slender volume of
4 Poems and Songs,' in which he made con-
siderable alterations in the song under
consideration. It is called ' Sit down, my
Crony,' and two of the six original stanzas
are omitted, one of them being the second
stanza, which contained the line "As we
journey through life let us live by the way."
W. SCOTT.
COBBETT AT KENSINGTON AND BARN
ELMS FARM (11 S. iii. 267). — The site of
Cobbett's residence in Kensington was, I
think, occupied by Messrs. Tucker, tallow
chandlers, 117, Kensington High Street,
i.e., until the premises were pulled down
some time ago, though what became of the
enormous grill which I remember seeing
preserved there I cannot say. This gigantic
implement, which Cobbett intended to
serve as a sign at No. 183, Fleet Street,
while he was editing his Weekly Register
there, was literally large enough to grill
Cobbett himself upon, in accordance with
his statement that if the Bank of England
ever returned to cash payments, he would
give Castlereagh leave to put him on a
gridiron, while Sidmouth stirred up the fire,
and Canning stood by.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
314
NOTES AND QUERIES. [iis.m. APRIL 22, ion.
Cobbett's house in Kensington is said to
have been " nearly opposite the New Vestry
Hall in Kensington High Street."
Barn Elms manor house and farm stood
on the south bank of the Thames, about
half-a-mile east of Barnes Church. It is
shown in Rocque's map, 1741-5. Heidegger
occupied the mansion at the time of his
celebrity. HOBACE BLEACKLEY.
According to Loftie's ' Kensington,
Picturesque and Historical,' Cobbett lived
in a house pulled down for the present
High Street Railway Station. S. D. C.
PORTRAIT IN PITTI GALLERY : JUSTUS
SUSTERMANS (11 S. iii. 267).— Sustermans,
the painter of the portrait in question
(No. 190 in the Sala dell' Iliade), is said to
have been a native of Antwerp and to have
lived 1597-1670. The artist seems to be
unrepresented in his native city. It would
be interesting to know what other portraits
from the brush of the painter of this master-
piece are extant, and where ; also if there
are any grounds for supposing that it is
a likeness of the son of Frederick III.,
who afterwards became Christian V. of
Denmark and Norway.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
The portrait by Sustermans in the Pitti
Palace, No. 190, is stated in Bryan to
represent the Crown Prince of Denmark (son
of Frederick III.), and if this is correct, it
represents Christian V. (1646-99) before he
succeeded his father on the throne in 1670.
The Pitti portrait represents the Prince
when a youth of about 15 or 16,. according
to a photograph which I possess ; it has
been engraved by G. P. Fedi, and COL.
DAVIS may get further particulars by
looking up the engraving. There are several
big books dealing with the Pitti Palace
pictures, and from these additional infor-
mation may be obtained as to the Suster-
mans (or Suttermans) which is a fine picture.
For various portraits of Christian V. the
'A. L. A. Portrait Index,' which is in the
British Museum, should be consulted.
W. ROBERTS.
SAMUEL ROGERS AND DISRAELI'S BAP-
TISM (US. iii. 268).— The assertion that
Rogers knew Disraeli in his youth seems a
little inconsistent with the following story
related in Miss Devey's ' Life of Lady
Lytton.1 It refers to one of many dinner
parties which the Bulwers gave at 36,
Hertford Street — not to be confused with
36A (now called 35A), where Bulwer lived
at a later period, and where he took the
surname of " Lytton " in 1844.
" Mrs. Bulwer was sitting by the side of Rogers
in the drawing-room after a dinner-party, when
Disraeli, who had been lounging in a cane-seated
chair, crossed the room, with his coat-tails, as usual,
over each arm, leaving his dark green velvet ador-
ables, with the marks of the chair on them fully
visible. Rogers asked, ' Who is that ? ' ' Oh ! young
Disraeli, the Jew,' answered Mrs. Bulwer. ' Rather
the wandering Jew, with the brand of Cane on him,'
said Rogers. Disraeli heard the laugh these words
evoked, and, turning round, glanced scornfully at
them. When Lady Lytton repeated this to me,
I remarked, ' Now 1 am certain it must have been
you, and not Rogers, who uttered this bon mot.'
' No, indeed. I assure you it was Rogers, and not I,
who said it.' "
In his ' Life of Bulwer Lytton ' Mr.
Escctt gives a slightly different version of
the story, placing the incident before dinner,
and making it precede another which, accord-
ing to Miss Devey, did take place at that
time, though not necessarily on the same
evening. But Mr. Escott does not tell us
the authority for his version, whereas Miss
Devey derived hers direct from Lady Lytton.
W. A. FROST.
16, Am well Street, E.G.
SIR W.. ROMNEY (11 S. iii. 169, 238,
294). — A full account of him, his pedigree,
and his issae is in ' The Lord Mayors and
Sheriffs of London, 1601 to 1625,' by G. E.
Cok&yne (Phillimore & Co., 1897).
G. E. C.
AVICE CAPELL=JOHN WARNER (11 S. iii.
228, 276).— In reply to MR. FANSHAWE, I
may say that Richard Capell is described
in Genealogist, vol. vii. New Series, p. 66
(which contains some pedigrees of Derbyshire
of 1569 and 1611), as of Ware Park, Herts.
I knew that Ware Park belonged to the
Fanshawe family, but thought that Capell
might have been lent it or had temporarily
hired it.
From other evidence I have little doubt
that this John Warner was the one who
became Bishop of Rochester, but could not
some members of the Capell or Burnell
families settle the question? E. L. W. -
" BARNBURNER " : " HUNKER " (11 S. iii.
229). — Mr. J. S. Farmer in his ' American-
isms ' says : —
" Barnburner. — A nickname given to certain
progressive New York Democrats, about 1835,
who were opposed to the Conservative Hunkers
[q.v. ). The name is derived from, the legend of the
Dutchman who set his barn afire in order to kill
}he rats which infested it, the inference being
;hat the Democrats in question would fain
us. in. APRIL su»n.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
315
destroy all existing institutions to correct their
abuses. ' Horace Greely, and train of bluelight
Clayites from your State, have arrived this morn
ing, and make their head- quarters at the Franklin
Horace has fastened on his armor with rivet,
and hammer, and the Taylor men will find him a
regular Barnburner ! ' — New York Herald."
Under " Hunk " he gives :—
" To be Hunk, i.e. all safe. From the Dutch
hunk, a home, a place. — Hunkers or old Hunkers
Also derived from the Dutch hunk. A loca
political term, originating in New York in 1844
to designate the Conservative Democrats as
opposed to the young Democracy or Barnburners
(q.v. ). The Hunkers themselves clung to the
homestead of old principles, but unkind critics
insisted that it rather meant a clinging to a large
hunk of the spoils of office. — Hence Hunkerism."
S. S. McDOWALL.
" Hard-shells " were Baptists who helc
an extreme Calvinism which led them to
oppose all active measures for the conversion
of the world — a sect, according to Webster
which numbered 40,000. The " soft-shells '
probably held more tolerant views, and both
terms would easily become political.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
AMERICAN WORDS AND PHRASES (11 S
iii. 48, 172, 196). — Whitewash. — The classic
instance of the use of this word to indicate
bankruptcy is in * The Pickwick Papers,'
chap. xliv. Mr. Weller visits Sam in the
Fleet :—
; ' I've got sitch a game for you, Sammy,'
said the elder Mr. Weller.
' ' Stop a minit,' said Sam; ' you're all vite
behind.'
' That's right, Sammy, rub it off,' said Mr.
Weller, as his son dusted him. ' It might look
personal here, if vun valked about vith any
vitevash on vun's clothes, eh, Sammy ? ' "
C. C. B.
York waggon.— It is improbable that
English waggons, called " York waggons "
in the seventeenth century because they
plied between York and London, were
imported and used by New York people
under the same name, as MR. MACMICHAEL
suggests, ante, p. 197 : while, per contra,
MR. THORNTON'S own conjecture that his
"York waggon" was made at York,
Pennsylvania, is probably correct.
Unfortunately, MR. THORNTON does not
give the date of this phrase, but from the
figures annexed to his other examples we
may infer its time to be somewhere from the
middle of the eighteenth century to early
in the nineteenth.
I have no data at hand as to York's early
manufactures, but the making of carriages
j and other vehicles is one of the busy town's
chief industries to-day, and there are good
reasons for inferring that the occupation
began quite early enough to come within
the time mentioned.
Pennsylvania, especially in its south-
eastern section, was far in advance of the
other colonies in the early use and manu-
facture of waggons. She needed them
because her roads were better and were more
used. It was at York and Lancaster that
Franklin gathered the waggons requisitioned
for Braddock's use, and it was from
Pennsylvania that the Revolutionary
armies gathered most of their waggons.
It was within twenty-five miles of York,
in the Conestoga valley, that about 1750
or a little later there was developed the
broad-wheeled, canvas-covered freight-carrier
widely known as the " Conestoga waggon,"
so superior for its purpose that the roads
were soon crowded with these vehicles, and
the records of all travellers of the day com-
ment upon their great numbers, enumerating
them sometimes by thousands. It cannot
be supposed that York did not share in the
manufacture, and probably one of these —
possibly of slightly variant type — was the
" York waggon " of the quotation.
These notable waggons in after years,
when railways had superseded them in the
East, became the picturesque, white-tilted
" prairie schooners " in which hundreds of
families were carried with all their belongings
to new homes on the great plains of the far
West. M. C. L.
New York.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S STATUE IN THE
ROYAL EXCHANGE (11 S. iii. 187, 230).—
The statue of Queen Elizabeth in the Royal
Exchange is the work of Musgrave Lew-
thwaite Watson (1804-47), who exhibited
nineteen times at the Royal Academy and
twice at Suffolk Street. He was born at
Hawksdale Hall, near Carlisle. His parents
ntended him for the legal profession, and
articled him at the age of seventeen to a
Carlisle solicitor. After two years' trifling
with the pursuit mapped out for him, he
eft Carlisle and made his way to the studio
of Flaxman in London, taking with him
portfolio of drawings and a few models.
Flaxman was attracted by a small model of
Grecian shepherdess, which he advised
Watson to send to the Royal Academy.
Watson's ability as a sculptor was just
eginning to be recognized when death
ntervened. It appears from the * Par-
iculars respecting the Amount of Money
NOTES AND Q (JEEIES. tn s. in. APRIL 22, 1911.
that has been expended by the Mercers'
Company in the Erection of the new Royal
Exchange,' which was published in The
Gentleman's Magazine for January, 1845,
that 500Z. was paid for this statue.
G. H. WHITE.
In the first reply, ante, p. 230, col. 1,
near the foot, it is said : "In the centre of
the area was another statue of Charles II.
in Roman costume, executed by Gibbons
in 1684."
May I point out that the attribution to
Gibbons is at least doubtful, and that
Quellin was probably the sculptor ? See
11 S. ii. 322. ROBERT PIERPOINT.
MILES GALE (US. iii. 208).— He had issue
four sons and one daughter. His eldest son,
Christopher Gale, was Attorney-General of
North Carolina in 1703, Judge of the
Admiralty of that province in 1712, and
Chief Justice of Providence and the Bahama
Islands in 1721. He married Sarah, relict
of Harvey, Governor of North Carolina.
See ' D.N.B.' (orginial edition), xx. 374.
A. R. BAYLEY.
WHITE LION OF THE HOUSE OF MARCH
(US. iii. 248). — The white lion of the house
of March is figured as a pendant to the
collar of suns and roses on the brass effigy
of the Lady Isabella Plantagenet (aunt of
King Edward IV.) in Little Easton Church,
Essex. The attitude of the animal is
different, and it is not featured in the
same manner as that appended to the collar
of the Stanton Harcourt memorial.
G. H. C. CRISP.
Cambridge.
THE LORDS SMEATON AND THE SMEATON
OR SMITTON FAMILY (11 S. iii. 209). — The
Lords of Smeaton and the Smeaton family
are distinct both in name and origin
Smeaton, a mansion and estate in Hadding-
tonshire, belonged originally to the Hep-
burns. In 1538 Sir Patrick Hepburn of
Wauchton gave half the lands of Smeaton
and all Smeaton-Crux to his second son
Adam, whose last male descendant was
succeeded in 1764 by his nephew, George
Buchan of Letham. He was created a
baronet in 1815, and his great-grandson
Sir Archibald Buchan Hepburn, 4th Baronet
is the present proprietor.
Possibly the patronymic Smeaton ma;y
be derived from the place-name, which
signifies Smith's town, but the connexion
of the Smeaton family with Haddington
hire is doubtful. An early representative
>f the name, Mark Smeaton, musician, was
executed in 1536 on the charge of being the
over of Queen Anne Boleyn. He is not
mown to have left descendants. Almost
ontemporary with Mark was Thomas
Smeaton, a native of Perthshire and a
trenuous Reformer, who succeeded Andrew
Melville as Principal of Glasgow University.
He was married and had children. John
Smeaton, the famous engineer, was born
near Leeds in a house previously occupied
his grandfather. The • Rev. George
Smeaton, a professor in the Free Church of
Scotland, was John Smeaton' s grand-nephew,
while Mr. W. H. Oliphant Smeaton, a dis-
inguished literary man in Edinburgh, is
the son of the professor. Another branch
of the Smeaton family was long connected
with Perthshire, but now belongs to Fife-
shire. Of this family Donald Mackenzie
Bmeaton, C.S.I., was Liberal M.P. for
Stirlingshire until his death. . W. SCOTT.
GALLOWS BANK : MATTHEW COCKLING
(11 S. iii. 187).— In 'Derby: its Rise and
Progress,' by A. W. Davison, 1906, it is
stated that Matthew Cocklane was hanged
for murdering an aged lady, Mrs. Vicars,
near the Market-Place in Derby, on the
Sunday before Christmas, 1774 : his appre-
hension took place at Dublin the following
October, and he was hanged in chains near
Bradshaw's Hay after making a confession.
A foot-note relates to the gallows incident
referred to : —
" A story, still told in Derby in various ways,
narrates how a wager was made at the ' Green
Dragon ' in St. Peter's Street that one of the
company dare not offer the gibbeted corpse
a basin of broth ' to warm his bones.' It was
arranged that the ceremony should take place
at midnight, and as the clock struck the hour
the boaster mounted the ladder and exclaimed,
' Matthey, thou must be cold up there ; here's
a basin o' hot broth for thee ! ' A sepulchral
voice groaned, ' Blow-ow it ! ' ; whereupon the
valiant one fell to the ground and fled. The
conspirators had secreted a well-known itinerant
ventriloquist, 'Squeaking Jemmy,' at the foot
of the gibbet, and the plot was successful."
The same work tells a later story relating
to the burial of Ludlam, Brandreth,^ and
Turner after their execution in 1817 for
murder and riot : —
" In St. Werburgh's churchyard a ghost was
seen flitting on dark nights from gravestone to
gravestone, carrying its head under its arm.
The footpath across the churchyard became
deserted by all but the brave after nightfall,
until someone solved the mystery by bringing
down the ghost with a stone. It was Pegs,
the barber -from across the way, who, with a sheet
ii s. IIL APRIL 22, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
317
and the wig-block from his window contrived to
frighten his neighbours for his own amusement,
of which the loss of an eye served as a reminder
for the rest of his days."
W. B. H.
ANCIENT CROSSES (11 S. ii. 310, 535).—
May I supplement the interesting lists of
books on this subject which have already
appeared in ' N. & Q.' ?
The late J. Romilly Allen, F.S.A., besides
his numerous contributions to periodicals,
wrote the following works : —
' The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland,'
with an introduction by Joseph Anderson, LL.D.,
being the Rhind Lectures for 1892. With
2,500 illustrations. Printed for the Society
of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1903. (A magnificent
book. )
' Monumental History of the British Church '
(S.P.C.K.).
' Early Christian Symbolism in Great Britain
and Ireland before the Thirteenth Century.'
' Early Christian Monuments of Lancashire
and Cheshire ' (Historic Society of L. and C.,
1893).
' Celtic Art in Pagan and Christian Times '
(Methuen & Co.).
The next five are by the Bishop of
Bristol, the Right Rev. G. F. Browne : —
' The Pre-Norman Sculptured Stones in Lan-
cashire (L. and C. Antiq. Soc. for 1887).
' Pre-Norman Sculptured Stones in Derbyshire.
' Theodore and Wilfrith ' (S.P.C.K.).
'The Conversion of the Heptarchy ' (S.P.C.K.)
' Lessons from Early Church History '
(S.P.C.K.).
Amongst many other books on this sub-
ject are the following : —
' Scotland in Early Christian Times,' by Joseph
Anderson, LL.D. : Rhind Lectures for 1881
(Edinburgh, D. Douglas, 1881).
' Handbook to the Runic Monuments,' by
George Stephens, LL.D., 1884.
' The Pagan Christian Overlap in the North,
by Dr. Colley March (L. and C. Antiq. Soc.
1891).
' Old Cornish Crosses,' by A. G. Langdon
with an article on their ornament by J. Romill}
Allen (Truro, 1896).
' The Ancient Parish of Sandbach,' by J. P
Earwaker, F.S.A., 1890. Contains elaborate
illustrations and descriptions of the two pre
Norman crosses in the Market - Place of tha
town.
The Crosses of Lancashire. — Mr. G. H. Row
botham has written much on this subject in th
Transactions of the L. and C. Antiq. Soc.
The Antiquary for 1881 contains an interesting
article by Llewellynn Jewitt on Crosses.
The Manx Notebook for July, 1886, contain
an illustrated article on the alleged very earl
date of so-called Celtic crosses, by the late Cano
Isaac Taylor.
' A Key to English Antiquities,' by Mrs. E. S.
b'mitage (Sheffield, 1897). Contains a valuable
hapter on this subject.
' Early Sculptured Crosses in the Present
diocese of Carlisle,' by the Rev. W. S. Calverley,
Ddited by W. G. Collingwood (Cumberland and
Westmorland Antiq. and Arch. Soc., 1899).
Mr. Collingwood, F.S.A., has also written a
History of the Ancient Crosses in the North
Riding of Yorkshire ' ; an interesting article
n this subject in The Reliquary for January,
904 ; and much else.
I possess a bulky portfolio of drawings
ind engravings,- published and unpub-
ished, of ancient crosses from all parts of
he United Kingdom, bought from the col-
ection of the late Mr. J. H. Le Keux. They
3ear the names of William Ride, 1749 :
J. A. Repton (for the ' Architectural Anti-
quities of Great Britain,' Longmans, 1806) ;
Samuel Prout ; S. Hooper, 1776 ; J. Le
Keux; J. Seago; R. Loder; J. Fisher
Oxford) ; W. Alexander ; O. Jewitt ;
Schnebblie, 1789 ; J. Carter, F.S.A., 1781 ;
Petrus (Tilleman Antwerp, 1718) ; Basire ;
John Britton, F.S.A. ; F. Mackenzie ; Moses
Griffiths ; W. R. D. Salmon ; J. Palmar ;
W. H. Bartlett ; S. R. Meyrick, and others.
Many of the pencil drawings are of great
delicacy and beauty. HENRY TAYLOR.
Birklands, Birkdale, Lancashire.
To the list given by MR. HOI/DEN MAC-
MICHAEL I may add the following, in my
possession : —
' Specimens of Ancient Cornish Crosses,' by
:>he Rev. Prebendary F. C. Kingston. Published
by W. J. Cleaver, 46, Piccadilly, 1850.
' An Historical and descriptive Account of
bhe old Stone Crosses of Somerset,' by Charles
Pooley, F.S.A. (Longmans, 1877).
' The Ancient Crosses of Dartmoor, with a De-
scription of their Surroundings,' by William
Crossing (Exeter, J. G. Commin, 1887).
' The Ancient Stone Crosses of Dartmoor and
its Borderland,' by William Crossing (Exeter,
J.G. Commin, 1902).
' The Masculine Cross : a History of Ancient
and Modern Crosses.' Published anonymously
in 1891.
' The Cross in Ritual, Architecture, and Art,'
by the Rev. George S. Tysack (William Andrews
& Co., 5, Farringdon Avenue, 1896).
HARRY HEMS.
Fair Park, Exeter.
[DiEGO also thanked for reply.]
BISHOP WILLIAM GREY OF LINCOLN
(11 S. iii. 228) had been previously Bishop
of London, 1426-31.
For William Grey, Bishop of Ely 1454-78,
see * D.N.B.,' xxiii. 212. A. R, BAYLEY.
318
NOTES AND QUERIES, [iis. in. APRIL 22,1911.
HORSES TAKEN TO CHURCH (11 S. - iii.
266). — When the annual race is run for the
pallio at Siena the horses competing for th
prize are led into the nearest church to th
head -quarters of the 17 contrade into whiclr
the city is divided. I several times saw these
barebacked horses rushing headlong rounc
the Campo under the shadow of the Mangia
tower surmounting the Palazzo Pubblico
and particularly remember the ceremony of
previously asperging with holy water ' th<
champion horse belonging to the contrada o
the Oca, or goose, in the big church of San
Domenico, known for its lovely frescoes by
Sodoma in the interior chapel of Santa
Caterina, where all the namesakes of the
Siena Saint are baptized. The race is often
disgraced by brutality to man and beast.
WILLIAM MERCER.
The Roman church of S. Antonio Abbate
on the Esquiline is well known in connexion
with the custom by which horses and other
animals are taken there once a year to be
blessed. See, e.g., the passages collected
in A. J. C. Hare' s ' Walks in Rome,' vol. ii.
pp. 78-80 (1873), chap. xii.
EDWARD BENSLY.
In England the same custom obtained,
and at Easter horses were brought up the
middle of the church at Ippolyts (near
Hitchin, in Herts) to be blessed. R. B.
Upton.
" TEAPOY " : " CELLARETTE " : " GARDE-
VIN" (11 S. iii. 149, 194, 272).— I think
MR. PIERPOINT describes the " gardevin "
correctly. The arched lid occurs occa-
sionally, but the lids are more often flat.
T! have one with six small divisions : it
is on four short legs. It is worthy of note
that many of these pieces of furniture will
not take the modern tall bottle or decanter,
but were made to hold the squat wine -bottle
of a century ago, or the old-fashioned short
decanter which held about a pint and a half.
I have recently seen a " gardevin " of
unusual height and size, with a tray on the
top : it holds six bottles of Winchester
size. W. H. QUARRELL.
LONDON GUNSMITHS AND THEIR WORK
(US. iii. 49, 210).— My thanks are due to
T. W. W. and Miss LEGA-WEEKES for their
replies, as well as to others who wrote to
me direct.
Miss LEGA-WEEKES' s answer is inter-
esting as a very early example, but it refers
! to a period anterior to that of my query,
which I had intended to deal almost entirely
with the " flint-and-steel " epoch.
T. W. W.'s reply opens up many points,
but I fear space will allow me to deal very
briefly with only a few of them :
1. With regard to the name Stauden-
mayer.— Since my query appeared I thought
1 had ascertained certain facts about this
firm, but T. W. W.'s answer appears to
throw doubt upon my information. Accord-
ing to the 'London Directory ' of 1812,
quoted in Blanch's 'Century of Guns,'
p. vii, S. H. Standenmayer had a shop at
25, Cockspur Street, and he is described a&
being gunsmith to H.R.H. the Duke of
York. In the Royal Armoury at Windsor,
where one does not expect to find spurious
specimens of weapons made by tradesmen
holding royal warrants, there are, according
to the catalogue, at least two examples-
with names differing from that given in the
' Directory.' One of these (No. 169), a
D.B. fowling piece engraved with Prince of
Wales's feathers on the thumb-plate, &c.,
has the name spelt Staudenmayer ; and the
other (No. 409), a rifled air-gun, has it
spelt Standenmayne. T. W. W. says that
he was taught that when the name was spelt
other than Staudenmayer, the weapon was
spurious. Which of these three forms-
is the correct one — that over the shop ;
T. W. W.'s Staudenmayer, also used at
Windsor ; or Standenmayne, likewise in the
royal collection ? Perhaps T. W. W. can
throw some light on this point.
2. Tatham & Egg.— This firm really
existed, and in 1812 had a shop at 37, Charing
Cross. As T. W. W. knew them as rivals-
about 50 years ago, the partnership must
have been dissolved between those dates.
3. I may have been misinformed about
the Christian name of D. Egg, but there
must have been more than one D. Egg in
the firm, for the name is found for a
onger period than is probable for the
working life of one individual. I have no
definite information on the point, and it
seems certain that one of the heads of the
irm was named " Durs " not Durward ;
ndeed, in the * Directory ' already quoted,
the name of the firm appears as Durs Egg.
4. Baker.— Ezekiel Baker, who is thfr
earliest of the name I have yet traced,,
appears to have begun business in White-
3hapel. He had premises at 24, Whitechapel
Road, in the beginning of the nineteenth
entury, and had then, a, well-established
n s. m. APRIL 22, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
319
reputation. The complete history oi this
firm would be interesting as they were
virtually the pioneers of rifle-making in this
country.
In the catalogue of the Exhibition of
1851 there is an exhibit by T. K. Baker,
88, Fleet Street, who was probably an
ancestor of the F. T. Baker referred to by
T. W. W., and whose name appears at the
same address in the catalogue of the Exhi-
bition of 1862.
There seems a great want of some hand-
book to do for firearms of the flint lock
period and earlier, what Britten has done
for clocks and watches ; but the materials
seem scanty, and the information scattered
and difficult to collect, probably for the
reason that T. W. W. has indicated.
E. RODGER.
Western Club, Glasgow.
There is no book of reference, to my
knowledge, dealing with London gunmakers
and their work, but Stocqueler's 'Military
Encyclopaedia,' London, W. H. Allen, 1853,
might be consulted. Books about the rifle,
such as Forsyth's 'Sporting Rifle' (Smith
& Elder) and Greener's ' Modern Shot Guns '
(Cassell), have no doubt something to say
about their makers. Reference may also
be made to an article on 'Breech-loaders
and their Inventors' in Belgravia, vol. xvii.
(1872). W. SCOTT.
0n
The History of the English Biible. By John
Brown, D.D. (Cambridge University Press.)
THIS little volume, one of " The Cambridge
Manuals of Science and Literature," is admirably
fitted to introduce readers to the main features
in the history of our English Bible, a history
which is in itself of great interest, and hard for
any reader of to-day to realize.
In 130 pages, to which is added a brief Biblio-
graphy which might be extended, Dr. Brown
sketches the fortunes of the Bible in English
from Csedmon to the Revision of 1881. He
has a teen eye for salient points, and he gives
just enough of personal detail concerning the
good men and scholars who laboured in the great
work to make his narrative vivid. His writing
is usually admirable, as well as scholarly in the
knowledge it shows, and a sentence not easy to
read, like that in the first paragraph of p. 3, is
a rarity.
The little work should be an incentive to the
study of our greatest classic. Our only criticism
is a regret that Dr. Brown has not stated why the
Revision of 1881 ie regarded as a failure. A
brief comparison with a few passagee in the
Authorized Version of 1611 would, surely have
made this clear. One at least of the works on the
subject might have been mentioned in the Biblio-
graphy.
*Wood Carvings in English Churches. By Francis
Bond. Vol. II. (Frowde.)
MR. BOND pursues his enthusiastic labours on
the wood carvings of English churches with
unabated zeal. This second instalment has to
do with Stalls and Tabernacle Work, Bishops'
Thrones and Church Chairs. The stallwork is
the more important and worthy of notice because
it is now a speciality of the Anglican Church,
the analogous work in Continental chancels
having almost totally disappeared. Mr. Bond
remarks that the subject has hitherto been un-
accountably neglected, and his prediction that
the illustrations which he offers will come as a
revelation of beauty to most people is quite
warranted. We cannot, indeed, bestow too high
commendation upon these illustrations, of which
there are 124 ; they have been produced from
photographs with the utmost delicacy and
accuracy of detail. Nothing could be more
effective or more truthful ; they do great credit
to the Grout Engraving Company, by whom they
have been produced. Mr. Bond comments upon
them with the knowledge of an expert. He
promises two further volumes, which will complete
this admirable series.
THE current number of The Fortnightly is excel-
lent and well varied in its contents. ' Political
articles for once do not overshadow other interests,
and ' Personalities in Parliament ' by " Auditor
Tantum " gives just the sort of information the
ordinary person wishes to have. Miss Alice
Law has a sound article on ' Addison in "The
Spectator," * though she might have traced in him
the influence of classical training. Nor do we under-
stand how Addison's sentences can be " almost
irritating in their brevity " to a reader of to-day.
Mr. Laurence Irving's article on ' The Plight of the
Serious Drama' is an indictment worth considering.
WThat he says concerning serious art, the limits
of the popular actor, and the present temper and5
demands of the English public seems to us depress-
ingly true. Mr. T. H. S. Escott has a striking-
and well-written paper on ' The Arnolds : a
Study in Heredity,' bringing out that inheritance
of moral and mental faculties which is clear in
some distinguished families. Perhaps Mr. Escott
makes too much of the historical work of Arnold
of Rugby, but he has shown convincingly how he
and his son shared the same subjects and ten*
dencies. * Rachel's Sentimental Life,' by Mr.
Francis Gribble, exhibits the restless and fugitive
character of a great artist. Mr. F. G. Aflalo
dwells on the advantages of ' The New Zoo "
which London owes to the rule of Dr. Chalmers
Mitchell. Everywhere, even to the unscientific
eye, advance has been visible of late years.
Walter Lennard continues his attractive series
' In Search of Egeria,' with an account of a clever
woman who goes in for all sorts of fads in turn.
There are other notable articles in the number,
which is one of the most interesting we have seen of
late. We should add that Mr. Thomas Hardy
begins it with a series of ' Satires of Circumstance '
in verse, which are uniformly gloomy, but have
the arresting quality of all his poetry. '
320
NOTES AND QUERIES, tn s. m. APEIL 22, mi,
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — APKIL.
MB. FRANK HOLLINGS'S Catalogue 85 contains
tinder Tennyson the rare first edition of ' Poems
by Two Brothers,' 1827, dark blue calf, 12Z.-
Under Fielding is a collection of first editions,
20 vols., 40 guineas. There are works of the
Ashendene, Caradoc, Daniel's, Doves, Bragny,
Essex House, and Vale Presses. Among Kelm-
scott Press books are ' Utopia ' (one of eight
copies), 21Z. 15s. ; ' Sidonia,' by Meinhold, trans-
lated by Lady Wilde, 261. 15s. ; Coleridge poems
chosen by Ellis, 177. 17s. ; and Chaucer, edited by
Ellis (one of 425 copies), folio, half holland,
551. 10s. There is another copy of Chaucer,
in, stamped pigskin with clasps by J. Cobden-
Sanderson, preserved in wooden box, 151. There
.are works under Alken and Cruikshank. The
Rowlandsons include ' Brighthelmstone in 1789,'
morocco, 16Z. 16s. A set of " The Aldine Poets,"
Pickering, 1830-53, 50 vols., yellow calf, is 35Z.
'There are beautiful specimens of binding, in-
•cluding painting on fore-edge. First editions of
Browning include Mrs. Browning's ' Essay on
Mind,' 1826, HZ. 11s. The copy is half bound,
uncut, with the original paper label, morocco
folding wrapper and drop case. Under De
•Quincey is an immaculate copy of the rare first
•edition of ' The Confessions,' 1822, original boards,
uncut, in morocco case, 9Z. 9s. There are many
first editions of Dickens. Under Edward Fitz-
-Gerald is the first edition of ' Euphranor,'
Pickering, 1851, 41. 4s. Among first editions of
Goldsmith is ' The Good-Natur'd Man,' 1768,
10Z. 15s. Under Charles Lamb is an album
containing original autograph contributions by
Lamb, also verses by Hood and others, small 4to,
morocco, 1825-31, 50 guineas. There are many
Bother choice items in the Catalogue.
Mr. Edmund Lister's Oldham Catalogue 3 is
-devoted to Book-plates. There are nearly
thirteen hundred items, comprising ladies' plates,
Early English, Jacobeans, and Chippendales,
together with many modern examples. The list
includes the names of Moberly Bell, Walter Besant,
William Cowper, Clerk of the Parliaments (an office
now being discussed in ' N. & Q.'), Mrs. Craigie,
Madame de Stael, Lady Elizabeth Germain, the
friend of Horace Walpole, Joseph Knight, Julian
Marshall, Daniel O'Connell, and Anthony Trollope.
Among Institutions are the Hibernian Academy,
Lincoln Public Library, New York Society Library,
and- the Parthenon Club. Mr. Lister has purchased
the stock of the Journal of the Ex-Libris Society,
and catalogues a complete set for 11.
Mr. G. A. Poynder's Reading Catalogue 58
contains under America Harvey's ' Marine Algae,'
royal 4to, 1851-8, 21. 15s. Pickering's edition
of Bacon, 16 vols., 1825-34, is 4Z. 10s. ; and a
large-paper copy of the first- edition of ' The
Chase,' with Bewick's illustrations, 4to, half-
morocco, 1796, II. 2s. Qd. Under Botany is
Maund's ' Botanic Garden,' large paper, 13 vols.,
small 4to, calf gilt. 13Z. 10s. ; under Britton, ' Cathe-
dral Antiquities,' 6 vols., 4to, 1836, 21. Is. Qd. ;
and under Cambridge, The Eagle, the St. John's
College magazine, 1859-1908, 51. 5s. The first
edition of De Morgan's ' Budget of Paradoxes '
is 21. Under Horn Book is Tuer's ' History,'
2 vols., 4to, 21. Is. Qd. Other entries include
Lodge's 'Portraits,' best edition, 12 vols half-
morocco, 1835, 31. 10s. ; Foster's ' Mary, Queen of
bcots, Edition de Luxe, 4Z. ; Ruskin's ' Seven
Lamps,' first edition, 1849, original cloth, 21. 5s. ;
the fourth edition of ' Dr. Syntax,' 1819, 21. 5s Qd -
Shelley, Mrs. Shelley's edition, 4 vols., 12mo'
original cloth, 1839, 2L 5s. ; and Symonds's
Renaissance in Italy,' 3 vols., SI. Is. Qd. There
are two works under Sundials — Collins 's, with
large cuts of each quadrant, small 4to, 1658,
If. 7s. Qd. ; and Morgan's ' Horologiographia
Opbica,1 1652, 21. 2s.
Messrs. Henry Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current
713 opens with a complete set of The Alpine
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35Z. Under Astronomical Journals is a set to date
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are beautiful specimens of bindings. Under
Bibliography we find first editions of Dibdin ; a
large-paper of Lowndes, with Bohn's notes ;
and Catalogues of the Huth Library and the Payne
collection, besides an extra-illustrated copy of the
Catalogue of the Perkins Library. The last-named
collection fetched 26,OOOZ., and included two
examples of the Mazarin Bible. A copy on
largest paper of Britton's ' Cathedral Antiquities,'
14 vols., imp. folio, in 10, half-russia, 1814-35,
is 20Z. ; and a fine uncut copy of Ackermann's
Cambridge,' 2 vols., 4to, three-quarter morocco,
1815, 22Z. 10s. One of 250 copies of Browning
on large hand-made paper, 17 vols., 1888-94, is
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with a number of extra illustrations, 36Z. There
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32Z. Under Heraldry are some rare items
including Bossewell's ' Workes of Armorie,' an
exceptionally fine tall copy, 1572, 3Z. 10s. Unde?
Ireland is the Dublin University Magazine,
1833-68, 14Z. 14s. Choice works under Kent
include Hasted's ' History ' and HavelPs ' Southern
Coast.' There is a fine set of Kinglake's ' Crimea,'
8 vols., calf by Riviere, 6Z. 6s. Other entries
include Motley, 9 vols., calf extra, 9Z. 9s. ; the
Knebworth Lytton, 37 vols., half-calf, HZ. 11s. ;
the third edition of Montaigne, folio, calf, 1632,
6Z. 6s. ; Kipling, 24 vols., half -morocco, 16Z. 5s. ;
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(one of 250), 18Z. 18s. There is a list under
Napoleon and the French Revolution.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
Editorial communications should be addressed
to " The Editor of ' Notes and Queries ' "—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
J. A. H. M. and G. W. E. K— Forwarded.
M. L. R. BRESLAR(" Hoodlum").— See 8 S. iii.
449 ; iv. 17, 157, 274, 337 ; v. 113 ; vi. 276, 477.
us. 111. APRIL 29, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
321
LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL «», 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 70.
NOTES:— May Day: May-games: May-poles, 321— Tottel's
' Miscellany ' and Sir John Harington, 322— Inscriptions
in the Protestant Cemetery, Florence, 324— May Celebra-
tions at Oxford in 1593— Governor Herbert, 325— Lunatics
in Elizabeth's Reign— Boole-lead, 326.
QUERIES :— " Tertius Gaudens "—Hanoverian Regiment—
The Authorized Version : its Translation— A St. Helena
Portraitist— Delafleld : Age of Graduation at Oxford,
327—T. Turner of Balcombe— Carlyle and Charles L—
Milton in Ireland— Madame Vestris— W. A. Clouston
—Cookery MS.— Derivation of " Rhubarb," 328— Authors
of Poems Wanted— ' May Fair,' a Poem— 'Belgravia,' a
Poem — Clergymen and Crests —Prince Charles of Bour-
bon-Capua—Walton and Cotton Medal, 329.
REPLIES :— Barlow Trecothick, 330 —Terrace— ' Pickwick '
Difficulties -Harrison the Regicide, 332—" When she was
good" — Ananias as a Christian Name — Mediaeval " Ober-
ammergaus," 333— Early Graduation : W. Wotton— "Put
a beggar on horseback "—Prince of Wales as Church-
warden— Henry, Prince of Wales — Trout Family— Sir
Patrick Trant— Songs of the Peasantry, 334— "Skolpyne "
— Barabbas a Publisher — Smallpox and the Stars —
''Barnburner": " Hunker," 335— Hnmphrey Henchman
— " Totenlaterne " — Scott's Poet Ancestor — " Scavenger "
and "Sea vager"— Black Bandsmen In the Army, 336—
Yews in Churchyards— Pheasant Penny — Dr. Johnson of
Warwick — Marie Huber, 337— Gray's ' Elegy ' — Vestry
held on Lady Day— "No great shakes"— A Cousin of
Boswell— 'A White Hand and a Black Thumb'— John
Thane— Essex as Christian Name, 338.
NOTES ON BOOKS : — Headlam's Translation of the
Agamemnon of ^Eschylus — ' Old English Instruments of
Music ' — ' L'lntermtfdiaire. '
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY :— Daniel Hipwell.
Notices to Correspondents.
MAY DAY: MAY-GAMES: MAY-POLES.
(Continued from 10 S. xi. 343.)
THE May D<?,y festival lias fallen into disuse.
Us it that there has been a great change
in our English climate which has affected
our national character, or is it that altered
• conditions of life have destroyed our old
•spontaneous and unsophisticated sympathy
-with nature f( It must be noticed, however,
that may-games, so named, continued all
through the month of June ; see, e.g., the
'instances recorded by Machyn. Hannah
Wolley, 1681, quoted by Lamb, * Eliana,'
under ' The Months,' describes May " having
upon his head a garden of all manner of
rosos, on the one hand a nightingale, in the
other a lute." Where are the roses fled ?
Cowper was too grave to be attracted by
may -games. Does any poet later than
Wordsworth mention them as things current
.and natural? Tennyson's 'May Queen' is
simply hibtorical ; Matthew Arnold probably
followed some local tradition of the
Maidens who fro m the distant hamlets come
To dance around the Fyfield elm in May.
' Scholar-Gipsy.'
Gerald Massey has a song " That merry,
merry May," but it is "a tale of olden
time."
Chaucer. — " How fond he is, like other early
English poets, of the month of May ! " — Prof.
Skeat, in ' Piers the Plowman,' Clar. Pr. Series,
ed. 3, 1881, p. 92.
1377. ' Piers the Plowman.' — The vision begins
" on a May mornynge on Maluerne hulles."
Manor of Kingsthorpe, Northants. — Any re
fusing to be King or Queen of the May games"
to forfeit vi". viijd. — Glover, ' Kingsthorpiana.'
1500. Gawin Douglas, ' A Description of May.'
— A modernized version by F. Fawkes, 1752.
1552-9. Machyn's ' Diary ' describes many
may-games (one being a pageant on the Thames),
held on various days from 1 May to 25 June.
These displays included St. George and the
Dragon, Robin Hood, Little John, Maid Marian,
Friar Tuck, the Nine Worthies, the Sultan,
Moors, giants, devils, guisers, morris-dancers,
elephants and castles, hobby-horses, horns, fish,
wine, eggs, oranges, squibs, bagpipes, and of
course the lord and lady of the May. — Pp. 20,
89, 137, 196, 201, 283, 373.
1557. " The minstrels and hobby horse upon
Maye daye " received 3s. at Beading. — Cooper
King, ' Hist, of Berkshire,' 1887, p. 264.
1578. "The Lord's Day is horriblie pro-
phaned by diuellishe inuentions, as with Lords
of Misserule, Morice dauncers, Maygames, in-
somuch that in some places, they shame not in
ye time of diuine seruice, to come arid daunce
aboute the Church." — Sermon at Paul's Cross,
24 August, by John Stockwood, schoolmaster
of Tunbridge, quoted by Arber in Gosson, ' School
of Abuse,' 1868, p. 9.
1579-80. Edmund Spenser, ' Shepheards Cal-
ender' under ' Maye,' already quoted 11 S. i. 433.
1591-1613. Shakespeare, often.
1613-16. W. Browne in ' Britannia's Pastorals ' :
As I have seen when on the breast of Thames,
A heavenly bevy cf sweet English dames,
In some calm evening of delightful May
With music give a farewell to the day.
The " blooming of the hawthorn tree," " May's
delight." The swiftest swain runs to the may-
pole and comes again ; maids and shepherds ply
their may-games ; " the choristers of May " ;
" round a may-pole some the measures tread."
The poet himself went to Tavy's stream on a May
morning.
As I have seen the lady of the May
Sit in an arbour on a holiday,
Built by the May-pole, where the jocund swains
Dance with the maidens to the bagpipe's strains.
[The rewards given by the lady follow.] II. iv.
In lovely May
Now was the lord and lady of the May
Meeting the May-pole at the break of day,
And Coelia as the fairest on the green
Not without some maid's envy, chosen queen.
II. v.
322
NOTES AND QUERIES. fn s. in. APRIL 29, 1911.
1628. Bishop John Earle. — " A Shee precise
Hypocrite. . . .is more fiery against the May-pole
then her husband, and thinkes he might doe a
Phinehas his act to break the pate of the fiddler."
— ' Micro-cosmographie,' ed. Arber, p. 64.
1638. Thomas Randolph notes the decay of
may-games caused by Puritanic teaching : —
Early in May up got the jolly rout
Busied at wrestling, or to throw the barre,
Ambitious which should bear the bell away,
And kiss the nut-brown Lady of the May.
Some melancholy swains about have gone
To teach
The organs hate, have silenc'd bag-pipes too,
And harmless May-poles, all are rail'd upon.
Ed. 1668, pp. 91-2.
Will vertues dance ?
O vile, absurd, Mavpole-Maid-Marian vertue !
P. 189.
Circa 1645. Milton : —
Zephyr with Aurora playing
As he met her once a-Maying.
' L' Allegro.'
And his ' Song on May Morning.'
1648. Herrick:—
Corinna's going a Maying.
Ed. Saintsbury, 1893, i. 86.
' The May-pole,' ii. 33.
The May-poles too'with garlands grac't. ii. 22.
1653. Walton's ' Angler ' begins on " this fine
pleasant fresh May day in the morning."
1656. ' The Trial of the Ladies Hide Park
May-Day,' 4to.
1685-8. A print of ' The Merry Milk Maid,'
" represented dancing with her milk-pail on her
head. The pail is hung round with cups, tankards,
porringers, and other pieces of borrowed plate.
She is dressed in a white hood ; over which
is a narrow-brimmed black hat ; on each shoulder
is a knot, and she holds a white handkerchief in
her right hand." — Granger, ' Biog. Hist. Engl.,'
ed. 4, 1804, iv. 354.
1714. John Gay : —
But 'neither lamb nor kid, nor calf nor Tray,
Dance like Buxom a on the first of May.
' Shepherd's Week,' i.
1714. ' The Maypole's New Year's Gift, or
Thanks returned to its Benefactors, humbly
inscribed to the two corners of Catherine Street,
written by Parishioners of St. Mary Savoy' [in-
verse].
1728. Thomson : —
Oh come ! and while the rosy-footed May
Steals blushing on, together let us tread
The morning dews, and gather in their prime
Fresh-blooming flowers. ' Spring,' 486.
1731. John Lewis translates " ludibria " in
(Ecolanipadius by " May-games." — ' Life of John
Fisher,' 1855, i. 304.
Circa 1746. At Wintringham, in Lincoln-
shire, " the parishioners had rights of common
pasture over extensive meadows, and upland
grounds for hay. On May-day the common
pasture called the Marsh was stocked with horses,
cows, and other cattle. On this occasion it was
usual to have bull-fighting, and the worst passions
of the owners were stirred up .... The bulls fought
very furiously for some time, and the contests
ended with confusion." — Life of T. Adam, pre-
fixed to his ' Exposition of the Four Gospels,'
1837, i. 28.
1789. " Mrs. Montagu always gave an annual
dinner of roast beef and plum pudding to the
chimney sweepers on May-day, in the court
before her house, Portman Square." — Roberts,
' Memoirs of Hannah More,' ed. 3, 1835, ii. 154.
1804. " The London milk-maids still continue
to decorate their pails on the first of May, when
they generally receive a small contribution from
their customers." — Granger, as above.
Circa 1820. Wordsworth : —
Among the hills the echoes play
A never never-ending song
To welcome in the May.
Thou Linnet ! in thy green array,
Presiding spirit here to-day,
Dost lead the revels of the May,
Like the May
With festivals.
With the heart of May
Doth every beast keep holiday.
— the earth herself is adorning
This sweet May morning,
And the children are pulling
On every side,
In a thousand valleys far and wide,
Fresh flowers.
[And others.]
1822. Robert Bloomfield, ' May Day with the
Muses,' 8vo, woodcuts.
1841. Dickens. — " The emblem reared on the
roadside over against the house, if not of those
goodly proportions that Maypoles were wont to
present in olden times, was a fair young ash,
thirty feet in height, and straight as any arrow
that ever English yeoman drew." — ' Barnaby
Rudge,' chap. i.
1904. W. Graham Robertson, ' A Masque of
May Morning,' with 12 designs in colour, 4to.
1909. ' May Day Sports,' an article in The
Times, 1 May.
It is sufficient just to name Brand, Hone,,
the ' Book of Days,' and Hewitt's ' Book
of the Seasons,' 1831. W. C. B.
TOTTEL'S 'MISCELLANY,'
SIR ANTONY ST. LEGER, AND SIR
JOHN HARINGTON THE ELDER.
(See ante, p. 201.)
I MUST now take a poem from the Earl of
Surrey and restore it to its rightful owner.
No man who wishes to be well informed
concerning the poems of Surrey and Wyatt
can afford to neglect Dr. Nott, whose monu-
mental work is a marvel of erudition and
worthy of all praise. But one must be care-
ful not to be led astray by Dr. Nott's theories,.
ii s. in. APRIL 29, wit.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
323
for he had a most brilliant imagination where
Surrey was concerned, though otherwise a
sane and very acute critic. He is not to be
trusted when he is dealing with Surrey,
because he reasons one way for his idol
and another for outsiders.
Take the case of the poem which I re-
claimed for the elder Harington in my
former paper, and in which Surrey is not
concerned. Dr. Nott agrees that ' The
Paradise of Daintie Devices ' made a mis-
take when it signed " D. S." to that poem,
which, he says, " we know on positive
authority was written by Sir John Haring-
ton." What " positive authority " does
Dr. Nott refer to ? He refers to ' Nugse
Antiquse,' for he could not refer to any other
source for his statement. Why did Dr.
Nott forget his " positive authority " in
the case of the poem commencing,
O Happy dames, that may embrace, &c. ?
Tottel, pp. 15-16.
Was it because he preferred Tottel to
Harington ? That could hardly be, because
in several cases he acknowledges that the
Harington MSS. are more authoritative
than Tottel and render his author more
faithfully. Again, in the case of the poem,
Brittle beautie, that Nature made so fraile, &c.,
he throws Tottel over altogether, alleging
that the occurrence of double rimes in the
sonnet, which Surrey always avoided, was
good ground for its rejection. When one
wishes to beat a dog, a staff is quickly found.
Now, the truth of the whole matter is that
Dr. Nott was confronted by the " positive "
statement in the Harington MS. that this
poem was by Lord Vaux, and his discovery
of double rimes in the sonnet enabled him
to make a dignified retreat.
But Dr. Nott was not so tender with Sir
John Harington,1 and, as he could not
decently deny the authority of the Haring-
ton MSS., he thought his best plan was to
forget that the poem,
0 Happy dames, that may embrace, &c.,
was claimed as his very own by Sir John,
and to rest on Tottel. And it would have
been such a loss, too, to give away this
sonnet to Harington, for was not Dr. Nott
engaged in constructing his wonderful story
of the loves of Geraldine and Surrey, and
was not this very poem one of his main
supports ? He clung so tenaciously to the
poem that he actually went to the length of
perverting its title, all to make it fit in with
his remarkable romance. I say once again
that Dr. Nott is not to be trusted when he is
under the spell of Surrey, especially when the
lovely Geraldine is by Surrey's side, and
therefore we must appeal from Philip drunk to-
Philip sober, and fasten him down to his-
" positive authority," which cannot be
gainsaid, because we know for whom the
poem was written as well as the year in
which Harington wrote it. Parke threw
this poem headlong out of ' Nugse Antiquse,'
Harington' s version of which prints it thus :
Sonnet HI.
By John Harington, 1543, for a Ladie
moche in Love.
O Happie dames ! that may embrace, &c.
It cannot any longer be claimed for Surrey,,
and must be given back at once to Sir John.
Harington.
Restitution is the order of the day, and
necessity compels me now to give to Haring-
ton a sonnet which ' The Paradise of Daintie
Devices ' assigns to Lord Vaux : —
When I looke backe, and in myselfe behold, &c.
We have seen that the signatures in ' The-
Paradise of Daintie Devices ' are not always
to be trusted, and now I will correct another
of its errors as a preliminary to proving that
it is also wrong in regard to the poem as-
signed to Lord Vaux.
Above the signature " G. G.," ' The
Paradise of Daintie Devices ' prints five
stanzas of six lines each, commencing,
What is this world ? a net to snare the soule, &c.
The title given to these verses is ' A Descrip-
tion of the World,' and " G. G." stands for
George Gascoigne. Now these verses were
written by George Whetstone, and they form
stanzas 35 to 40 of his elegy on the death of
Gascoigne. Arber prints the elegy with
Gascoigne's ' Steele Glas,' ' The Complaint of
Philomene,' &c., ed. 1901 (" English Re-
prints").
The authority of ' The Paradise of Daintie
Devices ' is nil when contradicted by
' Nugse Antiquse,' where the heading and
commencement of the poem appear as
follows : —
Sonnet wrote in the Tower, 1554.
I.
When I looke back, and in myself behold, &c.
' Nugse Antiquse ' prints only four stanzasr
whereas ' The Paradise of Daintie Devices '
has six. The poem is not in Tottel, but it
is indubitably by Harington, and not by
Lord Vaux.
Another poem in Tottel's " Uncertain
Authors " which was written by Harington,
and which Parke omitted from his edition
of ' Nugse Antiquse,' is,
Lyke as the rage of raine, &c.
Pp. 190-91,
324
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. APRTL 29, ion.
Parke had no excuse whatever for omitting
this sonnet, which is a love-poem addressed
by Harington to Isabella Markham, who
afterwards became his wife. ' Nugse An-
tiquse,' ed. 1779, prints it as under : —
To Isabella Markham, 1549.
Lyke as the rage of rayne, &c.
The most interesting poem of Harington's
in Tottel remains to be dealt with, and, as
I shall have to make some remarks concern-
Ing it, I reserve it for my next paper.
CHARLES CRAWFORD.
(To be continued.)
INSCRIPTIONS IN THE NEW
PROTESTANT CEMETERY, FLORENCE.
THIS cemetery is outside the Porta Romana,
on the Greve road, and may be reached by
tram from the Mercato Nuovo in about
•25 minutes. It is laid out on the gentle
-slope of a hill, and from the gate a path
goes straight up the hill, dividing the ceme-
tery into two equal portions. This path is
•crossed at right angles by three other paths,
dividing the lower part of the ground into
four " zones." Still higher, beyond these
•zones, the ground is semicircular in
plan, the tombs following the curve of the
^semicircle. The inscriptions given below
.are those in the zones ; the semicircular
portion was not attempted. The first
zme yielded no inscription in English.
"The copies were taken on 29 April, 1910.
TO THE RIGHT OF CENTRAL FOOTPATH.
SECOND ZONE.
1. Thomas, s. of Lieut.-Gen. Giles Stibbert,
formerly Lieut. -Colonel, Coldstream Guards, of
Portswood House, near Southampton, b. in
London, 29 May, 1771, d. 31 May, 1847. Erected
'by his \v. Giulia.
2. Errninia, d. of Lieut. -Col. Stibbert, b.
23 Mar., 1842, d. 31 Mar., 1859. Erected by her
-brother.
3. Catherine Haig, d. 13 May, 1888.
4. Charles Herbert Smith, d. 6 Aug., 1888,
A. 38.
5. Agnes Elizabeth Thomson, d. 9 June, 1909,
A. 58.
0. Emma Guppy, b. at Chard, Somerset, 11
June, 1872, d. 13 Sept., 1909.
7. Edward Francis Ede, b. 30 Nov., 1828, d.
27 June, 1909. Priscilla, w. of Edward Ede, of
Constantinople, d. 21 Mar., 1904.
8. Ada Matilda Palmer, of Tumour's Hall,
Chigwell, b. 4 Sept., 1850, d. 4 April, 1903.
9. Mary Chapin Harris, w. of Charles Fred.
Farlow, b. in Springfield, Mass., d. 28 Jan., 1900.
€harles F. Farlow, b. in Boston, U.S.A., 29 Sept.,
1848, d. 6 Feb., 1900.
10. Elizabeth Boott Duveneck, b. in Boston,
U.S., 18 April, 1846, d. in Paris, 22 Mar., 1888.
11. Evan Alexr. Sutherland, b. 18 Dec., 1872,
d. 15 Feb.. 1909.
THIRD ZONE, RIGHT.
12. John Woods, for 24 years servant and
friend of T. P. Price, of Marks Hall, Essex, d.
3 May, 1906, a. 65.
13.* Mary T. Gay, of New York, d. 29 Jan.,
1878.
14. George Gordon, of Mundesley, England,
d. 27 Mar., 1892, a. 31.
15. Emma, eldest dau. of G. T. W. Mugliston,
M.D., and of Emma his w., late of Enfield. Midd.,
d. 5 May, 1893.
16. Louisa Hannah Fawcett Bennett, d.
27 Feb., 1892.
17. The Marchesa Louisa Guadagni, dau. of Sir
Francis Lee, b. 5 Dec., 1810, d. 30 April, 1886.
18. Sarah Anne, eldest d. of Archibald McNab,
of McNab, a Scottish Highland Chief, d. 19 Jan.,
1894, a. 86.
19. Martha, relict of Edward Edes Eayres
Gardner, of Palermo, b. in London, 31 Jan.,
1817, d. 1 Dec., 1880.
20. Amy Margaret, w. of Tudor Lloyd-Harries,
only d. of James and Margaret Douglas- Willan,
d. 11 May, 1879, a. 22.
21. Emily of Kossuth and Udvard. Erected by
Francis Kossuth, her husband. She d. 30 Oct.,
1887. (In English.)
FOURTH ZONE, RIGHT.
22. Miss Eliza Browne, d. 7 July, 1881. (In
Italian.)
23. Isabella Parker, Nei (sic) Vigni, d. 9 Dec.,
1882, a. 30. Erected by her husband. (In
Italian.)
24. James, s. of John and Anne Smallwood
Parker, b.'at Pisa, 1 Oct., 1847, d. 18 April, 1882,
a. 35.
25. Elizabeth Geale, d. 3 Dec., 1881, a. 72-.
Erected by her children. Katherine Anna
James, d. 17 Nov., 1903.
26. John Lecky Phelps, J.P., of Water Park
and Broadford, Clare, Ireland, and of Albemarle,
N.S. Wales, d. 28 May, 1881, a, 65. Erected by
his w. and children.
27. Charles Skottowe, b. at Greenwich, 18 Ap.,
1800, d. 30 May, 1883.
28. Sarah Lucia Watson, d. 12 April, 1800.
Erected by her cousins, Peroin, Eileen, and Jos.
Watson.
29. Mary Elizabeth Adelaide, wid. of Francis
Metcalf Watson, Dean of Leighlin, Carlow, only
d. of the late John James Lecky, Esq., of Bally -
healy, Carlow, d. 10 Mar., 1878, a. 47.
30. Anne Willman, native of Dublin, d. 1 Oct.,
1880, a. 71. Charlotte A. Willman, b. 6 June,
1836, d. 11 Dec., 1906.
31. Eliza Smith, b. 7 Jan., 1817, d. 23 Sept.,
1883. Erected to their friend by Prince and
Princess Mestchersky.
32. Amelia, w. of Charles Palin, of London,
d. 28 Nov., 1883.
33. John Reynolds, b. 1805, d. 1887. Born in
England, but early in life came to Prato, Italy,
and was a faithful citizen.
34. Edward Charles Chepmell, M.D., s. of Wm.
John Chepmell, M.A., Rector of St. Sampson,
uernsey, and Henrietta Le Mesurier, his w.,
b. 10 Feb., 1820, d. 24 June, 1885.
35. Ann Smallwood, w. of Cav. John Parker,
b. at Redditch, England, 26 Oct., 1817, d. 13 Nov.,
1887. Cav. John Parker, b. at Arrow, 10 Aug.,
1808, d. 13 Sept., 1892.
n s. in. APRIL 29, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
325
36. Lorenzo Abelli, b. in Valgrana, 4 Nov.,
1826, d. 30 Oct., 1885. Erected by his w. Meli-
cent. (In English.)
37. Richard West, b. in Salem, 23 Jan., 1818,
d. 30 Oct.. 1879.
38. Dorcas Cleveland West, Salem, Mass.,
9 May, 1820 ; Florence, 6 May, 1897.
39. Martha M. Jenkins, d. 29 May, 1894.
Erected by her (children ?).
40. Harriet Craft, b. in Gt. Yarmouth, Norf.,
d. 3 Nov., 1881, a. 77.
41. Nanny Burton, for many years resident
in Florence, d. 28 July, 1881, a. 69.
42. Georgina Sonnino Terry, d. 25 Jan., 1907,
a. 83. Erected by her (children ?).
43. Eleanor Willis, eldest d. of the late Robt.
Willis, M.D., b. in London, 21 Jan., 1833, d.
15 Nov., 1881.
44. Alicia Dorothea, wid. of the Rev. George
Robbins, Rector of Courteenhall, Northants, and
formerly Brit. Chaplain at Florence, d. 5 April,
1889, a. 75.
45. Anne Dorothea, w. of the Rev. Robt.
Loftus-Tottenham, for many years chaplain to
H.B.M.'s Legation in Italy and Brit. Chaplain of
Florence, b. 8 Aug., 1810, d. 16 Oct., 1891.
46. The Rev. Robt. Loftus-Tottenham, M.A.,
for 21 years Brit. Chaplain in Florence, b.
27 Sept., 1809, d. 5 Feb., 1893.
47. Francis Wm. Turton, Comr. R.N., b. 2 Dec.,
1831, at Betley, Staff., d. 22 Aug., 1893, at S.
Domenico, Fiesole.
48. Cassius James Gilmore, b. 16 Oct., 1843, at
Cincinnati, Ohio, d. 16 Aug., 1907, at Reggio
Emilia, Italy.
49. James Gilmore, b. at Bridgehampton,
L.I., 21 Sept., 1814, d. 12 July, 1897.
50. Theophilus C. Cann, b. 25 May, 1839, d.
15 Dec., 1894.
51. Henry Groves, of Weymouth, d. 1 Mar.,
1891, a. 54. Erected by his wife.
52. Margaret Chapman Candida, b. 8 June, 1814,
U.S.A., d. 7 Feb., 1900.
53. Cav: Alfredo Candida, b. 17 Mar., 1835,
d. 26 Dec., 1893.
54. Bertha, younger d. of W. B. Newbery,
b. at Manchester, 6 Jan., 1848, d. 26 July, 1903.
George Fraser, 2nd s. of W. B. Newbery, b. at
Leghorn, 23 July, 1840, d. 30 Ap., 1894.
55. Wm. Boxer Newbery, b. at Gibraltar,
17 Dec., 1807, d. at Pisa, 12 Oct., 1891. Eliz.
Isabel Fraser, w. of W. B. Newbery, b. at Man-
chester, 6 Nov., 1814, d. in S. Domenico, Fiesole,
31 March, 1895.
56. Mary Ann E.manuella Evans, d. of Chas.
Catton, b. at Gibraltar, 23 Mar., 1823, d. 17 Nov.,
1893.
57. Emma Maria Stalker, b. 14 Nov., 1811,
d. 25 Oct., 1890. Thomas Stalker, b. 23 Dec.,
1806, d. 14 April, 1891.
58. James Ewing Cooley, b. 10 Nov., 1802,
d. 19 Aug., 1882. Louisa Maria Cooley, b. 31 Mar.,
2 July, 1887.
^59. Virgil Gilmore, b. at Cincinnati, 28 Dec.,
1879, d. 9 Sept., 1886, at Montepiano, near
Florence.
60. Edward Hobart Seymour, s. of the Rev.
Edward Seymour, b. in Florence, 28 June, 1885,
d. 1 Aug., 1885.
61. Geoffrey Temple Forster, b. 24 July, 1877,
d. 26 June, 1885.
62. Geraldine, youngest ch. of Francis and
Elizabeth Kay, b. in Siena, 12 Jan., 1880, d.
15 Dec., 1884.
63. Louisa Cann, d. 14 Feb., 1890, a, 4.
' 64. Garnet Wolseley, youngest s. of Eleanor
Milnor and Lieut.-Comr. Goodrich, U.S.N., b. in
Florence, 23 Oct., 1882, d. in Venice, 5 July, 1883.
65. Mary Warrack, d. of Chas. Gumming and
Mary Beatrice Warrack, b. and d. 25 July, 1899.
66. Edgar Parks Harvey, b. 16 Dec., 1886, d«
15 Jan., 1887.
67. Sydney Takaro Meyer, b. at Dunedinr
N. Zealand, 17 May, 1890, d. 18 Oct.. 1890.
G. S. PARRY, Lieut. -Col.
17, Ashley Mansions, S.W.
(To be concluded.)
[For other lists of inscriptions on Britons and
Americans dying abroad see the numerous entries-
under 'Inscriptions' in the General Index to the--
Tenth Series ; also 11 S. i. 104, 165, 444, 502; ii. 342,
423, 483 ; iii. 224.]
MAY CELEBRATIONS AT OXFOBD IN 1598. —
A town-and-gown riot of some seriousness
took place at Oxford on 27 May, 1598,
because of certain May celebrations by the-
citizens. The Vice-Chancellor and his col-
leagues, being placed by the Privy Council
on their defence, declared that the trouble-
arose from the fact that the inhabitants-
assembled on the two Sundays before
Ascension Day, and on that day, with drum
and shot and other weapons, andj men.
attired in women's apparel, brought into the-
town a woman bedecked with garlands and
flowers, named by them the Queen of May.
They also had " Morrishe " dances and other
disordered and unseemly sports, and intended
the next Sunday to continue the same abuses,
the disturbance arising when the Univer-
sity officers sought to interfere (Historical
MSS. Commission, 'Cecil MSS.,' vol. viiL
pp. 201, 202). This appears to indicate-
that May celebrations were not confined
to the first of May, though that date remains-
specially associated with the traditional
May -morning service on Magdalen.
A. F. R.
GOVERNOR HERBERT.— »The recent altera-
tions in hangingjthe pictures in the National
Gallery, London, has brought the portrait of
* Governor Herbert,' by Arthur William
Davis, into prominence. It is a pity, there-
fore, that the old and misleading label
should still be affixed to the picture. On
the label it is stated that Herbert was
" Governor of Penang or Prince of Wales-
Island," and that the portrait was painted
at Calcutta in 1791. Penang was from its-
326
NOTES AND QUERIES. [iis.m. APRIL 29, 1911.
foundation in 1786 to 1794 under the charge
of its founder Francis Light. He was suc-
ceeded as Superintendent by Philip Maning-
ton, and he by Major Forbes Ross Mac-
Donald, who left for Madras in 1799, and
Sir George Leith was appointed the first
Lieutenant-Go vernor in 1800. To him in
1804 succeeded R. T. Farquhar, and to him
Philip Dundas when Penang was made a
Presidency in 1805.
Governor Herbert must have been the
liead of some other colony.
A. FRANCIS STEUART.
Edinburgh.
LUNATICS : THEIR TREATMENT IN ELIZA-
BETH'S REIGN. — The following uncalendared
document of the Court of Requests, Bundle
377, illustrates the \*fty in which lunatics
were treated soon after Elizabeth came to the
throne : —
" At Tervyn, 24 Jan., 8 Eliz. John Egerton,
.Esq., son and heir of Sir Philip Egerton,
Knight, 33 years of age, examined before a Royal
•Commission as touching the state and lack of
memory of John Egerton, saith that when he
was 17 or 18 years of age, he being then married
to his wife that now is, daughter of Peter Moston
of Wales, by reason not only of unkyndness
which chanced between his wife and him, but
also by occasion of his father's grievous dis-
pleasure, he fell into extreme sickness, being five
weeks together in great peril of death, and never
slept by all the same time ; by extremitye thereof
his memory was perished and he became straught
of his witts, and in the same case continued ever
«ince. He hath had no comfort of his father,
his mother, his wife, nor anye friend of his,
«,nd sayth that at sundry tymes since, by reason
of his wyldness, by space of 7 years he hath been
imprisoned in Chester, in the Holt Castle, in the
Court House of Duckington, in Bonkin's House,
and other places, having bolts upon his legs, and
manacles upon his hands, and bound at certain
times with a collar of iron about his neck, when
he would offer to beat his Iteeper. And also
hath been kept at Olton, being his father's house,
in a close chamber tyed with a clewe of yron to a
•block, from which he hath often escaped.
" And one other principal cause of the losse
of his memorye was that he was in love with a
gentlewoman, and for that he could not obtain
her with the assent of his father, he lost his
memory, and became sick of the infirmity.
" And since his father fell si eke, he hath been
Allowed to go about in the country at his liberty,
where he wandreth and travayleth in the
companie of nowghtie persons and dronkards,
without relief either of his father's lands, or of
his wife, mother, or frendes, except twenty
marks, which he doth spend among unthrifty
company and disordered persons. And his wife
and Peter Moston take the profittes of his lands
^,nd keep courts in their own names, and have
no regard of him. And they have the custody
of his son and heir apparent, and intend to have
the marriage of him to their own uses. And last
Hallowtide Sir Rowland Stanley sent to him
to meet with him at Dunham 'upon the hyll,
and requested him that he might have the pre-
ferment of his son, and he would give him so
much for him, as any other would do, and sayde
that Edward Conway should convey him from
Peter Moston, whereunto the said John Egerton
assented, and Sir Rowland gave him 30s. in
money and promised him three hundred marks
more, and caused him to seal writings, what
they were he knoweth not. And after the said
Egerton demanded of the said Sir Rowland the
rest of the money, and he said he would pay none,
unless he might recover the boy by law. And
further sayth that his father in his lifetime assured
his lands from him to his sonne and heir apparent,
and to this examinates wife and his mother, and
he was left without livinge, and that he hath
no place of habitation or dwelling."
The document is signed by Sir John Savage
and three other commissioners.
C. C. STOPES.
BOOLE-LEAD : BOLE : BULL. — In a lately
published work, ' Chantrey Land,' by Harold
Armitage, being " an account of the North
Derbyshire village of Norton," an old docu-
ment is quoted (on p. 362) thus : —
" to deliver ten foothers [fodders] of good pure
. . . .Boole lead of the weight commonly called
the boole weight, that is after the rate and weight
of 30 foot to the foother, every foot to contain
six stone, and every stone to contain fourteen
pounds at his Boole Hill at Hardwicke in co.
Derby, where commonly he used to burn his
lead."
There is a reference to " old bole-\vorks upon
the Commons," and a definition of 1670 tells
us " that Boles or Bolestids are places where
in ancient times (before smelting mills were
invented) the miners did fine their lead."
My curiosity as to the derivation or
original meaning of the term bole evoked
the recollection that I had recently noticed
the same word in another new book— on
' Old Country Inns ' (by Henry P. Maskell
and Edward W. Gregory). Here we are
advised that " whenever we come upon the
sign of ' The Bull ' it is worth while to
inquire if there was formerly a religious
house in the neighbourhood." After men-
tioning among several other cases " The
Bull " at Barking — which in deeds of
the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries
was referred to as " tectum vel hospitum
vocat' ' le Bole ' " — the writer goes on
to explain that " Bole is the old Norman
French equivalent of Latin bulla, a seal,
from which it .... is clear .... that the inn
was licensed under the seal of the Abbey."
" Some antiquaries," it is added, '; consider
that such inns were close houses, where ale
of monastic brewing was sold."
us. in. APRIL 29, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
327
The connexion of ideas may still not be
very apparent ! But the consideration that,
under the old mining laws of Dartmoor,
no tin might be sold till tested and stamped
with the Duchy arms, at one of the Stannary
towns, suggests to me that the bole might
perhaps signify a similar seal of approbation
set on lead of standard quality by the
Derby mine-officials.
ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" TERTIUS GAUD ENS." — The Scotsman of
9 October, 1901, had the words : " As in all
questions touching the relations between
Great Britain and Russia, *he German press
takes up the attitude of a tertius gaudens
with regard to the death of the Ameer."
I should be glad to know the source of the
Latin expression. J. A. H. MUBBAY.
Oxford.
HANOVERIAN REGIMENT. — r A foreign
scholar writes tc me : —
" There is, at this moment, in the German Army
a Hanoverian regiment who have for their dis-
tinctive on their shakos the word ' Sebastopol,' and
on their arm the word 'Gibraltar.' Can it be
possible that this regiment fought under English
commanders as late as the middle of the past
century, or how am I to account for the facts ?"
This is hardly a query for an English dic-
tionary, so I pass it on to * N. & Q.' on the
chance that it may meet the eye of some one
who can dispose of it.
J. A. H. MURRAY.
THE AUTHORIZED VERSION : DATE OF
ITS TRANSLATION. — Can any of your readers
throw light on a question which has arisen
in connexion with the Tercentenary of the
Authorized Version of the English Bible ?
It is usually said, as in Hastings' s ' Dic-
tionary of the Bible,' vol. v. p. 253, that,
although the translators were appointed in
1604, the work of translation was not begun
till 1607. In writing, however, on the sub-
ject in 'Our Grand Old Bible' I ventured
to say: "It is possible, however, that it
•was the revision which was begun in 1607 ;
and it seems fairly certain that some of the
translators were at work as early as the
spring of 1605."
This has given rise to a private corre-
spondence, and as the matter is of public
interest, any information your readers could
render as to when the translators actually
began their work would be welcome to many.
On 25 March The Graphic stated : —
"The said translators (says Wood in his
' Annals') had recourse, once a week, to Dr. Rain-
olds his lodgings in Corpus Christi College, arid
there, as 'tis said, perfected the work, notwith-
standing the said Doctor, who had the chief hand
in it, was ail the while sorely afflicted with the
gout."
Dr. Grosart has a note to the same effect in
a memoir prefixed to ' Rainolds on Obadiah.'
But Dr. Rainolds died on 21 May, 1607.
WILLIAM MUIR.
Stormont, Monreith Road, Newlands, Glasgow.
A ST. HELENA PORTRAITIST : DENZIL
IBBETSON. — I have succeeded in clearly
tracing to Denzil Ibbetson, a Commissariat
officer at St. Helena, an interesting series
of portraits hitherto attributed to George
Cruikshank, who very probably etched the
plate from which they were engaged. Denzil
Ibbetson first sketched Napoleon on the
deck of the Northumberland in 1815 ; he
made various sketches of him between 1815
and 1821, one of which (now in my possession)
he gave to Theodore Hook, who endorsed
the fact upon it in 1817. He made an
elaborate water-colour of Napoleon as he
lay dead, from which he executed two oil
paintings of doubtful artistic merit. One
was given to King George IV., and the
other .(from which a life-size lithograph was
made in 1855) now belongs to me. At the
back of the picture there is a long inscription,
probably in Denzil Ibbetson' s handwriting.
Ibbetson entered the Commissariat Service
in 1810 as Deputy Assistant Commissary
General ; he was promoted Assistant in
1814, and Deputy Commissary General in
1830. His name disappears from the 'Army
List ' in 1858. I am anxious to obtain
his full name, and any particulars as to his
career, ancestry, and descendants. Some
of his drawings are much above the average,
and for a time he resided close to Longwood.
A. M. BROADLEY.
The Knapp, Bradpole, Bridport.
DELAFIELD : AGE OF GRADUATION FROM
OXFORD UNIVERSITY. — The ' Oxford Uni-
versity Register, 1449-1622,' vol. ii. part iii.,
contains the following entry at p. 72 : " Dali-
feld (Delafielde), John ; suppl. B. A.
12 Dec., 1577 ; adm. 1 Feb., 1577/8 ; det.
1577/8." From the Brasenose College Regis-
ter it appears that this John Dalifeld was
of that College. So far as can be learnt,
there were but two persons of the name
John Dalifeld living in 1578 ; they were
328
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. APBIL 29, mi.
uncle and nephew — the one about forty-one
years old, the other about fifteen or sixteen.
The interesting question before me is to deter-
mine which of these received the B.A. at
Oxford. I shall greatly appreciate any
information as to the ages at which men
received their degrees from Oxford in the
sixteenth century.
Early in the nineteenth century, and in
the latter part of the eighteenth, many men
in America graduated from Harvard, Yale,
and Princeton when but seventeen or eigh-
teen years old. JOHN Ross DELAFIELD.
New York.
[For instances of early graduation at Cambridge
in the seventeenth century see ante, pp. 32, 75.]
THOMAS TURNER OF BALCOMBE. — I wish
to learn particulars of Thomas Turner, who
died at Balcombe, Mid Sussex, about 1899
or 1900, aged about 101 years. He was
born at Balcombe, and I think the family
originated at Horsham. Horsham, Rusper,
Cuckfield, Balcombe, are roughly the move-
ments of the family. They were spoken and
written of aa the old Sussex family of
Turneurs. To. TURNEUR.
G.P.O., Brisbane.
CARLYLE AND CHARLES I. — I am under
the impression that Carlyle in one of his
works made use of the following aphorism :
"Charles I. was executed to remind kings
that they have a crick in their necks." I
should be glad to know the title of the work
in which those words occur.
RICHARD EDGCUMBE.
Edgbarrow, Crowthorne, Berks.
MILTON IN IRELAND. — Can any of your
readers say if Milton ever paid" a visit to
Ireland ? Some letters appeared in the
Belfast paper recently to this effect, and I
should like to have some confirmation of
them. DUNMURRY.
MADAME VESTRIS. — I recently came across
a brochure entitled ' Memoirs of the Life,
Public and Private Adventures of Madame
Vestris,' printed " for the booksellers, 1839."
I believe it is rather rare. ' I am curious
to ascertain if its authorship is known, and
also how much credence may be attached
to the surprising narratives it contains.
The writer says he was in the house (72,
Dean Street, Soho) at the time of the birth
of Mrs. Bartolozzi's remarkable child in
1797, and he also refers to himself as being
with Capt. Thompson (who killed Mr.
Jocelyn in a duel) as first lieutenant of the
Clyde, and as having fought side by side
with him in the Basque Roads.
I shall also be grateful for a reference to
any further literature concerning Madame
Vestris, as, with the exception of the memoirs
above referred to, all that I know about her is
gleaned from Dickens' s ' Life of Charles
Mathews ' and Planche's reminiscences,
WlLLOUGHBY MAYCOCK,
W. A. CLOUSTON. — Wanted, references to
obituary notices or other newspaper articles
on W. A. Clouston, Oriental scholar and
folk-lorist, a native of this town. Please
reply direct. ALEX. RUSSELL.
Stromness, Orkney.
COOKERY MS., FOURTEENTH CENTURY. —
Dr. Pegge in his edition of the ' Forme of
Cury,' 1780, reprinted (in addition to the
* F. of C.') a fourteenth-century MS., or a
portion of a collection of miscellaneous
tracts, under the title of ' Ancient Cookery,
A.D. 1381.' The first half commences with
" Hie incipiunt universa servicia tarn de
carnibus quam de piscibus," No. I. being
' For to make Furmenty.' In this portion
there were 58 recipes. The second half,
*' Hie incipit Servicium de Piscibus," con-
tains 33 recipes, and finishes up with the
remark, " Explicit de Coquina quae est
optima medicina."
The book containing these is " a vellum
miscellany in small quarto," and at the end
of one of the tracts is added : " Explicit
massa Compoti Anno Dili Mlocccmo octogesimo
primo ipso die Felicis et Audacti," i.e.,.
30 August, 1381, temp. Richard II.
Dr. Pegge' s MSS. and books were sold by
Sothebys, but a reference to the sale cata-
logue affords no information as to where
they went, beyond the purchasers' names.
Such a MS. must be known, and probably
well known : can any one tell me where it
is ? I should be very grateful for the infor-
mation. The details I have given will,
I trust, be ample for its identification.
JOHN HODGKIN.
" RHUBARB " : ITS DERIVATION. — In the
fourth edition of his ' Etymological Dic-
tionary,' under ' Rhubarb,' Prof. Skeat
says : " Gr. pfjov is an adjectival form
from pd the rha-plant, i.e. reubarb, which
was also called Rha Ponticum, and Rha,
took its name from the Kha- or Volga, the
name of a river in Pontus."
The Rha is the ancient name of the Volga
or Wolga ; it was not, however, in Pontus,
but in Sarmatia, part of the modern Russia.
Prof. Skeat goes on to remark that the
Linnsean name of the plant, Rheum Rhdponti-
mm, is tautological, as Rheum itself comes
n a. in. AF*IL 29, iwi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
329
from Rha. (Indeed, it reminds me of a
notice I s&w lately in the enclosure of St.
Paul's Churchyard : " No through thorough-
fare to Cannon Street." ) But why Ponticum
at all ? Can it refer to the plant being found
near the part of the river where it flows
into the Hyrcanian Sea, now called the
Caspian ? W. T. LYNN.
Blackheath.
AUTHORS OF POEMS WANTED. — I shnll be
grateful if any of your readers cr.n tell me
the authors of the following poems.
1. ' Luke vii. 8.' First line : —
I said, Let me walk in the fields.
2. A poem with the refrain " The father-
hood of God and the brotherhood of man,"
beginning,
Now sound ye forth with trumpet tone,
Let all the nations hear.
3. * Little by Little,' a twelve-line poem
beginning,
Little by little the time goes J>y —
Short if you sing thro' it, long if you sigh.
4. * God Help Us.'— First line :—
God help the poor.
AKNOLD EILOART.
The Camp, Ditton Hill, Surbiton.
' MAY FAIR,' A POEM, 1827. — I should be
extremely grateful if any one could tell me
ajny thing about the author of this poem.
The little book has recently come into my
hands, and is most delightful reading. It
deals with the well-known people of the day,
their occupations and amusements. The
names are thinly veiled by blanks and
asterisks. The reference to Newmarket
will give a good idea of the style : —
There, 'tis the etiquette, the winners
Ask the bedevilled to their dinners.
Oh ! nights and banquets of the Gods !
What odd discussions of the odds ;
What light opinions upon weights —
What cool conceptions upon heats ;
What solid talk on drench and mash,
Deep things on which the wisest clash :
What lofty thoughts on hoof and heel,
Round with the brains and bottles wheel !
The B-nt-ncks, F-tzr-ys, C-v-nd-shes,
All look like men that had their wish
And all is blood, bone, jest, and song,
Till morning whips the night along.
es ;
The poem is divided into four cantos, which
are dedicated respectively to Lord H-ll-d,
Lady J - - y, Lord P - t - rsh - m, and an
unnamed lady. It is for the most part good-
natured badinage, but rather severe upon
"Captain Parry," suggesting that his Arctic
voyages were undertaken for profit only,
and that he would just as readily have
started on a voyage to the moon for the same
reasons which led him to the Pole. The
poet Rogers, to whom the author acknow-
ledges his indebtedness, is playfully and
familiarly referred to throughout as " the
Rogers." The writer concludes with this
couplet, referring to his own anonymity : —
Let those who may, the secret tell, —
Now women — cri tics — world — farewell.
WM. NORMAN.
* BELGRAVIA,' A POEM. — I am anxious
to learn the name of the author of a poem
entitled ' Belgravia,' and when and where
it was published. It is a lengthy poem
dealing with the upper and lower classes of
life. BETTY LAWRENCE.
CLERGYMEN AND CRESTS. — Should a
clergyman of the Church of England who
is of an armorial family use a crest, or does
he personally lose it when he becomes an
ecclesiastic, and therefore a man of peace ?
I am informed that a clergyman's arms
should be borne on a cartouche. When
did this custom come into use, and has it
invariably, or even generally, been adhered
to ? F. T. F.
PRINCE CHARLES OF BOURBON-CAPUA. —
Any information, however slight, relating
to Prince Charles of Bourbon-Capua, his
wife the beautiful Penelope Smyth, and their
children. Prince Charles and Princess Vit-
toria of Bourbon, will be gratefully received
and acknowledged by
Miss MARSCHALL.
13, Thorncliffe Grove, Oxford Road, Manchester.
WALTON AND COTTON MEDAL. — I desire
information about a medal of which the
following is a description. It is the size of
half-a-crown, boldly but coarsely executed
in plated metal : Obverse bust of Walton
after the Huysman portrait, " Isaak Walton "
at sides, and date MDCCCXXIV. with " Avern
F " at foot. Reverse : bust of Cotton, with
breastplate and scarf, after the Lely portrait,
" Charles Cotton " at sides, and " T. Gosden "
at foot. Edward Avern was a medallist in
Clare Market, and executed the medal
for Thomas Gosden, a sporting bookseller
and collector, to whom is attributed ' Songs
of the Chace,' 1811 (see 11 S. i. 329, 412).
I am indebted to the author of a well-known
book on Walton for the knowledge that
Gosden in 1823 published * The Life of Isaac
Walton ' by Zouch, nnd in 1827 reprinted
* The Experienced Angler,' by Venables,
first published by Richard Marriott in 1662.
330
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii s. in. AFRIL 29, wn.
The Walton and Cotton Club was founded
in 1817, and re-established in 1810, and the
medal may be connected with some incident
in its history. The medal is not in the
British Museum collection. W. B. H.
Hitplit*.
BARLOW TRECOTHICK.
(11 S. ii. 209, 298, 335 ; iii. 11.)
SOME particulars regarding this City poli-
tician are recorded at the above pages,
but, by reason of his conspicuous position
in life, a more detailed account of his career
is desirable.
A curious reference to him occurs in
Boswell's notice of the celebrated dinner
given by the publishing firm of Dilly in the
Poultry on 15 May, 1776, when Johnson
and Wilkes were present. After Wilkes
had dwelt on the " queer " name of Elkanah
Settle, the last of the City poets, Johnson
started the inquiry, " Where did Beckford
and Trecothick learn English ? " Boswell
refers to this subject in September, 1777,
with the commentary : " That Trecothick
could both speak and write good English
is well known. I myself was favoured with
his correspondence concerning the brave
Corsicans" (Boswell, ed. Hill, iii. 76, 201).
The translation of a letter from General
Paoli (Corsica, 20 March, 1769) to Trecothick
and S. Vaughan, acknowledging the " gene-
rous assistance" of the English, is printed
in The Gentleman's Magazine for 1769,
p. 214.
Johnson meant to infer that Trecothick
was an American. This was an error ; he
was an opulent merchant in the American
and West Indian trade, but a memorandum
by Alexander Chalmers states that he was
" born of English parents in London, and
registered in Stepney parish " (Henry
Cavendish, ' Debates,' pub. 1841, i. 396),
This would be about 1719. His father
is stated by MB. ALBERT MATTHEWS to
have been Capt. Mark Trecothick, a mariner
(d. circa 1734), and his mother was callec
Hannah.
Trecothick plunged into the public lif
of the City of London in 1764. He was a
member of the Company of Clothworkers
and was sworn in as Alderman of the Vintry
Ward on 19 January, 1764, retaining tha
position until 1 November, 1774. In 1766
he was elected as Sheriff of London, anc
he represented the City in Parliament from
768 to 1774. He was a member of the
leputation that waited on the King with a
emonstrance, when Beckford, as Lord
Mayor, made his famous speech, and he
accordingly figures in the caricatures of the
day (F. G. Stephens, ' Satirical Prints at the
British Museum,' iv. 535-6, 667). When
Beckford, through his exertions on this
)ccasion, became ill and died (June, 1770),
Trecothick was elected to the vacant office
f Lord Mayor, and some imagined that he
would serve for the next year also ; but
:his was not the case (' Grenville Papers,'
v. 520).
In and out of Parliament Trecothick
supported the cause of Wilkes " with judg-
ment.' ' They were, however, no t on intimate
ms of friendship, and Wilkes wrote a
Ditter summary of the annals of his col-
eague's Mayoralty (Percy Fitzgerald, ' John
Wilkes,' ii. 121). Trecothick was said to be
stingy, and this was probably the reason
why he was Lord Mayor for four months
only.
Trecothick spoke frequently and well in
Parliament, and was in general opinion
' by far the ablest man of the party that
ruled the City in that day " (Horace Wai-
pole's ' George III.,' ed. Barker, iii. 127).
His speech on 8 February, 1769, on the report
of the Committee relating to the disturb-
ances in America, was complimented by
Frederick Montagu, and attacked by Thomas
Townshend, jun.; and Lord Beauchamp.
He seconded (19 April, 1769) Governor
Pownall's motion for the repeal of Charles
Townshend' s American Revenue Act of
1767 (Cavendish, ' Debates,' vol. i.).
Lord Chatham said in the House of Lords
on 22 November, 1770 : —
" Let me do justice to a man whose character
and. conduct have been most infamously traduced.
I mean the late Lord Mayor, Mr. Trecothick. In
the midst of reproach and clamour he had firmness
enough to persevere in doing his duty. I do not
know in office a more upright magistrate, nor in
private life a worthier man." — ' Par!. Hist.,'
xvi. 1101.
The Marquess of Buckingham and Treco-
thick were united in opinion on many
political questions, and are said to have
drawn up "a General Letter sent to the
out-ports and manufacturing towns on the
6th of December, 1765." Trecothick was
one of the most efficient politicians in
bringing about the repeal of the Stamp Act
from 1 May, 1766, and he helped to ensure
the success of the grand dinner in celebra-
tion of its repeal which was given at the
Drapers' Hall on 23 April in that year,
when the leading Whigs (including nine
us. m. APRIL 29, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
331
dukes) were present. It was through
Treco thick's persuasions that the old
Duke of Newcastle attended (Albemarle,
* Memoirs of Marquess of Rockingham,'
i. 319-20).
Burke is said to have written in one of his
letters that " Trecothick is certainly a man
of strong principles and good natural sense,
but his experience of the world is but
moderate." David Garrick summed up
three of the City politicians as " the intrepid
Wilkes, the resolute Oliver, or the wiser
Trecothick" (Burke' s 'Works,' ed. 1852,
i. 127). Burke himself wrote of Trecothick' s
" known and well-grounded aversion to
Wilkes and Townshend " (*&., i. 176).
In January, 1768, Trecothick purchased
from one of the coheiresses of Sir John
Leigh of Addington, near Croydon, for
38,500Z., " the manor of Addington, the
capital mansion house, impropriate rectory,
and advowson," the whole estate being
computed at 5,000 acres, of» which 500 were
wood, and 1,000 waste ; and in 1772 he
began to build a modern house. In 1773
the exterior of the church was faced at his
cost with brick (Thome, ' Environs of
London,' i. 6). He was far from well in
March, 1770, and he died on 28 May, 1775,
aged 56. He was buried in the Leigh
vault under the chancel of Addington
Church, and a large marble urn with an
inscribed tablet was placed in 1776 to his
memory by his widow in a niche against
the centre of the east wall of the chancel
(Manning and Bray, ' Surrey,' ii. 565).
A monument of white marble was placed
against the south wall to the memory of his
wife Grizzell (married Boston, U.S., 2 March,
1747, died at Addington 31 July, 1769,
aged 41), daughter of Charles Apthorp of
Boston, U.S., and sister of the Rev. East
Apthorp, whom Trecothick made his chaplain
on his election as Lord Mayor. The cha-
racter of Trecothick was in return eulogized
by Apthorp in the sermon which he preached
at Guildhall Chapel on the day of the
election of the new Lord Mayor, 29 Septem-
ber, 1770 (Nichols, * Literary Anecdotes,'
iii. 96).
Trecothick' s second wife, whom he married
in 1770, was Ann, daughter of Amos Meredith
of Henbury, Cheshire. Sir Joshua Reynolds
began a fine portrait of her, when she was
Lady Mayoress (July, 1770). She is repre-
sented at full length, " in white dress and
plum-coloured sash " ; and the picture
seems to have been paid for in two instal-
ments, viz., 151. in November, 1771, and
78Z. 15s. in March, 1775. It was put up for
sale, as Lady Montagu, by John W. Brett,
at Christie's, 23 June, 1838, but was with-
drawn from the auction. It was afterwards
bought by Lord Francis Egerton, and is
still at Bridgewater House (Leslie and
Taylor, ' Sir Joshua Reynolds,' i. 375-9 ;
Graves and Cronin, ii. 658, iii. 987). On
17 April, 1777, the widow (now dignified by
the names of Ann Margaretta) was married
by licence, at St. George's, Hanover Square,
to Assheton Curzon, who was created in
1794 Baron Curzon of Perm, and in 1802
Viscount Curzon. She died on 13 June,
1804 (G. E. C., 'Peerage,' iii. 444).
Trecothick by his will (dated 25 January,
1774, and proved 8 June, 1775) left part of
his property to trustees, so that his wife
might have an annuity of 200Z., in addition
to her jointure of 6001. per annum, and his
sister Hannah, wife of James Ivers, 1001.
a year for life. His sister's two daughters
were to receive 501. per annum each until the
age of 21 or marriage, when they had instead
a capital sum of 1,OOOZ. each ; and her son
James Ivers obtained 2001. a year until the
age of 21. The Rev. East Apthorp had
501. a year for life, and each of his children
2001. when they attained to 21 or on marriage.
The sum of 800Z. was to be invested : a third
of the income was to be given to the poor of
the parish of Addington at Christmas, and
two -thirds to the vicar, provided he con-
stantly resided in the vicarage house. The
treasurers of the City of London Lying-in
Hospital obtained 5001. ; the S. P. G. 200Z. ;
and Christ's Hospital, St. Bartholomew's,
the London, Bethlehem, and St. Thomas's
Hospitals 200Z. among them. His wife
was to reside " in the house I am now build-
ing," with lands of 200 acres, and with
10 acres of meadow, " opposite the house
where I now reside"; and she was to
have the use of the old house until
the new one was built. The household
goods, four coach horses, and a coach were
also left to her. All the consignments of
sugar from his plantations in the West
Indies went to his partner George Apthorp,
with 100?. a year for life. In default of
issue (and he had none), the rest of his
property went to his nephew James Ivers,
and he was to take the name of Trecothick.
James Trecothick died at Broadstairs
on 1 1 September, 1843, in his 90th year
(Gen. Mag., 1843, pt. ii. p. 444), and was
buried in the vault under the chancel of
Addington Church, a tablet being erected
to his memory by his six surviving children.
He opposed the enclosure of the Addington
hills and Shirley Common ; about 85 acres
332
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii m. s. APRIL 29, 1911.
were allotted to him (J. C. Anderson,
' Inclosure of the Commons of Croydon,'
1889, pp. 41, 69, 185-6). The estate of
Addington was sold by him in or about
1803, and the Manor House with adjoining
lands and the advowson were acquired in
1808 for the Archbishop of Canterbury,
with whom they remained until a few years
ago. W. P. COURTNEY.
TERRACE (11 S. iii. 207, 251, 291).— In the
Preface to the second volume of Britton
and Pugin's ' Illustrations of the Public
Buildings of London,' 1828, p. xxv, refer-
ence is made to a proposal for forming a
raised road, or Terrace of communication,
between Westminster and Waterloo Bridges,
an anticipatory idea of the present Embank-
ment. The next step would be a row of
buildings erected on such a " raised road,"
which would in course of time assume the
name of " terrace " from the road on which
it was constructed, and thus eventually the
term would be applied to any row of houses,
even though erected on a piece of level
ground.
This volume contains an excellent archi-
tectural chapter on the terraces and other
buildings in the Regent's Park (pp. 224-35).
Cornwall Terrace, which was the first range
of buildings erected in that park, was
commenced in May, 1821, and completed
within t\\o years. Chester and Cambridge
Terraces were still in course of construction
when the book was issued, but were finished
when Thomas Smith published his ' Maryle-
bone ' in 1833.
In my paper on * Adelphi Names ' (10 S.
v. 236) I wrote that the Adelphi was
probably indifferently known as "Royal
Terrace " and " Adelphi Terrace " for several
years after it was built. In Horwood's
map, 1794-9, it is called " Royal Adelphi
Terrace." Garrick in his will described
himself as "of the Adelphi," and mentioned
his " dwelling-house in the Adelphi," though
it was generally known as No. 4, Adelphi
Terrace.
It may be noted that, by a slip of the
pen, MR. ALECK ABRAHAMS (ante, p. 291)
has ascribed the authorship of ' The Literary
History of the Adelphi,' 1908, to Mr.
" Brother ten " instead of Mr. Austin Brere-
tcn. The reference ' Grace Catalogue,' 182,
should be "p. 183, No. 171." In the
* Catalogue ' the name of the engraver is
given as " R. Green " instead of " B. Green."
W. F. PRIDEAUX.
'PICKWICK' DIFFICULTIES (11 S. iii. 267,
313).— The term "Old Strike a Light"
may be illustrated by a quotation from
' A Dictionary of Slang, Jergon, and Cant,*
by Barrere and Leland : " Strike a light
(popular), to open an account of the minor
sort, generally applied to alehouse scores.
This is said to have originated \vith printers."
See also ' Slang and its Analogues,' by
Farmer and Henley, where there is the
following : "To Strike a Light — to run up
an alehouse score."
There was an eld form of cabriolet with a
large hood to it, a representation of which
can be seen in Seymour's engraving ' The
Pugnacious Cabman,' chap. ii. of ' Pick-
wick.' The clumsy hood was afterwards
removed. In other words, the head was
taken off, hence the expression " guillo-
tined cabriolet."
A " flat-head " is defined in the above-
mentioned dictionaries as "a greenhorn,
or sammy soft." A pianoforte used to be
spoken of as a bcx of music, but I do not
know what the tin box of music refers to.
HARRY B. POLAND.
Inner Temple.
I think that " guillotined cabriolet '*
is simply 'a humorous way of saying " cab."
" Cab " is the shortened form of " cabriolet,"
dating from 1830, according to the ' New
English Dictionary.' " Guillotined cab-
riolet "is a cabriolet from which the
head has been removed. When the ' Pick-
wick Papers ' first appeared the word " cab,"
though in existence, was not probably in
common use. H. W. TRENCHARD.
HARRISON THE REGICIDE (11 S. iii. 285).
— Although I am not able to show that
there was any relationship between the
family of Thomas Harrison and his wife
Catherine Harrison, daughter of Ralph
Harrison, who was a woollen draper in
Watling Street, I should like to offer some
comments on three stetements in MR.
GUIMARAENS'S note, viz.: (1) "the execu-
tion of Harrison in May, 1660 "; (2) " He
[Harrison] v, s shortly efter sent & prisoner
to the To\ver by order of Cromwell, and
soon after died " ; (3) "It has been said
that the regicide was of humble extraction."
In regard to the first, Harrison was
executed at Charing Cross on 13 October,
1660.
In the second place, Harrison was arrested
in 1657 in connexion \\ith Venner's Fifth
Monarchy plot, and in February, 1658, he
was sent to the Tower. On Cromwell's
us. m. APRIL 29, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
333
death, 3 September, 1658, Harrison was
released, and returned to his home at New-
castle-under-Lyme. He was arrested in
April, 1660, because, as a regicide, he was
excluded from the Act of Indemnity ; and
it was not until 9 October that a bill of
indictment against all the regicides was
brought before the Grend Jury.
For the last of the three statements there
are two authorities, viz.. Lord Clarendon
and Lucy Hutchin&on, wife of Col. Hut chin-
son the regicide.
Mrs. Hutchinson says of Harrison : —
"He was but a mean man's son, and of a mean
education, and of no estate before the war."
Lord Clarendon says : —
" Harrison was the son of a butcher, near Nant-
wich, in Cheshire, and had been bred up in the
place of a clerk under a lawyer of good account in
those parts.''
Both these statements p.re contrary to
fact. Thome s Harrison was, born at New-
castle, Staffs, and was the son of a well-to-do
butcher and grazier, Richard Harrison, who
held the office of Mayer of the borough in
1626-7, 1633-4, 1643-4, and again in 1648-9.
Richard Harrison was an alderman till the
time of his death in 1653.
In, I believe, all the accounts of Major
General Thomas Harrison the date of his
birth is given incorrectly. In the old
register of the parish church of Newcastle-
under-Lyme the seventh entry for the
year 1616 is as follows : —
" Thomas Harrison filius Richard bapt. July 16."
There is a tradition to the effect that the
remains of Harrison were collected by
friends, and buried in St. Giles's Church-
yard, Newcastle-under-Lyme, and that a
gravestone used to be there less than 100
years ago. Is there any truth in the
tradition ? There is no burial entry for the
years 1660 and 1661. T. PAPE.
The Middle School, Newcastle-under-Lyme.
"WHEN SHE WAS GOOD," &c. (11 S. iii.
L28, 234, 271).— These lines appear under
the name of ' Jemima,' as two variants,
on pp. 123 and 327 of ' A Book of Verses for
Children,' compiled by E. V. Lucas, pub-
lished by Grant Richards, 1897. There is
a foot-note : —
" I have tried in vain to discover the author
of these verses. According to an American
writer, Miss Roosevelt, the first stanza was claimed
by Longfellow, but there is no proof that it was
he who finished it."
JAS. CURTIS, F.S.A.
[MR. DOUGLAS OWEN also thanked for reply.]
ANANIAS AS A CHBISTIAN NAME (11 S. iii.
266).— In Bardsley's ' Curiosities of Puritan
Nomenclature ' (Chatto & Windus, 1880)
are two or three examples of the use of
Ananias and one of Sapphira as Christian
names. Amongst the passengers who went-
out to New England in the reigns of James
and Charles was " Ananias Mann." Other
examples are quoted as follows : —
" 1603. Sept. 12. Buried Ananias, sonne
of George Warren, 17 years. — St. Peter, Corn-
hill."
" 1621. Sept. Baptized Ananias, son of
Ananias Jarratt, glass maker. — Stepney."
" Here lyeth the body of Mrs. Sapphira Light-
maker, wife of Mr. Edward Lightmaker of Broad-
hurst, in Sussex, gent. She died in the Lorde,
Dec. 20, 1704, aged 81 years. — Bunhill Fields."
Bardsley adds that Mrs. Lightmaker' s
brother was Robert Leighton, who died
Archbishop of Glasgow.
RICHD. WELFORD.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Among the marriages recorded in the
parish register of Pilton, North Devon, for
1619 is that of Ananias Hacker and Johan
Harris. In the following year, among the
baptisms is entered that of a child of the
same Ananias, whose name occurs again
among the marriages of the year 1626, when
he was married to his second wife Ursula
Tamlyn. In examining these parochial
records I have met with many names which
surprised me, but none so much as this of
Ananias.
- 1 may quote another unusual name,
Mahershalalhashbaz. This is found in the
parish register of Fremington, North Devon,
being the Christian name of a stonecutter
whose surname was James, and whose
children were baptized in 1880, 1881, and
1884 respectively.
THOS. WAIN WRIGHT.
Barnstaple.
[For Mahershalalhashbaz see Isaiah viii. 1.
MR. A. RHODES also refers to Bardsley.]
MEDIEVAL " OBERAMMERGAUS " (11 S.
iii. 267). — The Rev. John Shawe preached
at Cartmel in 1641, and met there a man
of about 60 who, when Jesus Christ was
named — " Oh, sir (said he), I think I
heard of that man you speake of, once in
a play at Kendall called Corpus Christ! play,
where there was a man on the tree and the
blood ran doone " (see Shawe's ' Memoirs,'
of which there are three different editions,
1824, 1875, and 1882).
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
Manchester.
334
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. m. APR,,. 29, ion.
EARLY GRADUATION : WILLIAM WOTTON
(11 S. ii. 427; iii. 32, 75).— With reference
to PROF. BENSLY'S remarks (ante, p. 32) upon
Sir H. Craik's harshness in dealing with
William Wotton, it is but fair to point out
that in the second edition of the ' Life of
Swift' the criticism has been considerably
softened (see vol. i. p. 84).
ALEX. LEEPER.
Trinity College, University of Melbourne.
" PUT A BEGGAR ON HORSEBACK AND HE
WILL RIDE TO THE DEVIL" (11 S. iii.
269). — The earliest version of this saying
that I know is : " Set a beggar on horse
backe, they saie, and hee will neuer alight,"
Robert Greene's ' Garde of Fancie,' 1587,
ed, Grosart (" Huth Library," vol. iv.
p. 102). G. L. APPERSON.
This appears in Hey wood's ' Dialogue,'
&c., 1576, in the form " Set a beggar on
horseback and he will gallop."
Hazlitt, ' English Proverbs and Proverbial
Phrases,' 2nd ed., 1882, refers to Greene's
4 Orpharion,' 1599 ; "II n'est orgueil que
de pauvre enrichi " (French) ; and " II
villano nobilitato non conosce parentado "
<Ital.), from Ray's ' Collection of Proverbs,'
1737.
King's ' Classical and Foreign Quotations,'
1904, gives " Asperius nihil est humili,
quum surgit in altum " (" Nothing so
odious^as a clown that has risen to power "),
from Claudiamis (fl. 400) in Eutropium,
if 181. A. COLLINGWOOD LEE.
Waltham Abbey, Essex.
The earliest Shaksperian use of this adage
is in * The True Tragedie of Richard, Duke
of York,' 1595, sc. iii. 160 : " Thet beggars
mounted, run their horse to death." It
appears in Ben Jonson's ' The Staple of
News,' 1625, at the end of Act IV., where
Tattle says: "Ay, but set a beggar on
horseback, ne '11 never lin [=leave off] till
he be a-gallop."
It occurs in German : " Wenn ein Bettler
auf's Pferd kommt, so kann ihm kein
Teufe mehr voreilen " ; in -Dutch : " Helpt
gij een' bedelaar te paard, hij draaft niet,
maar hij galoppert " ; and in Spanish :
" Quando el villano esta en el mulo, ni conoce
a Dios, ni al mundo." These are probably
older than the English use of the proverb.
TOM JONES.
The same idea is found in Spanish :
" Mete mendigo en tu pajar, y hacer se te
ha heredero " (" Put a beggar into your
barn, and he will make himself your heir ").
Jt HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
THE PRINCE OF WALES AS CHURCHWARDEN
(11 S. iii. 145).— In 'The Story of Charing
Cross,' p. 269, by Mr. Holden MacMichael,
it is stated that George I. " wr,s in fact a
churchwarden " of St. Martin-in-the-Fields.
R. J. FYNMORE.
HENRY, PRINCE OF WALES : MARK ON
HIS NECK (11 S. iii. 87). — Descriptions of
the personal appearance of Henry, Prince
of Wales, are plentiful. As a rule, however,
they do not enter so minutely into detail
as to speak of marks or moles on the neck.
There is a portrait of the Prince, in the act
of throwing a lance, engraved by William
Hole in Drayton's ' Polyolbion,' which
shows a mark on the right side of the face
not far from the chin, on the jawbone
rather than the neck. This may possibly
be intended for a mole or birth-mark. On
the other hand, it may be only some blemish
in the engraving. All that one may sp.fely
say is that, if Prince Henry had a mole on the
neck, it was not so conspicuous as to attract
special notice. W. SCOTT.
TROUT OR TROWTE FAMILY (11 S. ii. 450).
— The late Sir George Hartley's third name
was Trout, given him after his paternal
grandmother Sarah Trout, a coheiress,
daughter of Thomas Trout of Haddington,
N.B. HENRIETTA COLE.-
96, Philbeach Gardens, S.W.
SIR PATRICK TRANT, BT. (11 S. ii. 310).—
In the Treasury Papers, vol. Ixxvii.,
31 December, 1701, p. 550, is a petition of
Roger Pilcher pleading that he had during
the late war secured at some hazard Sir
Adam Blair, Dr. Gray, Capt. Bish, and old
Brumfield the Quaker, and after that one
Cooper and Maurice Trant, a notorious
offender, when endeavouring to get off
beyond sea. Roger Pilcher was a Folke-
stone man and a smuggler.
There is also a record that " that notorious
Irish rebel Morris Trant was taken in
Devereux's house." Devereux was a
Customs officer stationed at Sandgate Castle,
and afterwards lived in Folkestone.
Where can any particulars be found as
to the above persons ? R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
SONGS OF THE PEASANTRY (11 S. iii.
47, 97). — I may supplement the answer
already given by calling attention to a
volume about to be issued by the New
Spalding Club, entitled ' Folk-Music of the
North-East of Scotland.' The prospectus
states that it uill contain over 2,000 airs,
I
ii s. in. APRIL 29, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
335
mostly taken from the lips of singers,
together with many thousand lines of
associated traditional verse. A publica-
tion issued by Mr. Gardner, of Paisley,
is also in the line of what is wanted —
" Vagabond Songs and Ballads of Scotland.
With Notes and Music. Edited by Robert
Ford." This is a new edition of a work
originally issued in 2 vols. SCOTUS.
"SKOLPYNE" (11 S. iii. 269).— The fish
mentioned by E. L.-W. under this spelling
may be the skulpin or dragonet, known
to naturalists as Callionymus lyra. It is
a marine fish ; and the sexes are so unlike in
colour, and in the size of fin-rays and head,
that they were formerly regarded as distinct
species. EDWARD STEP, F.L.S.
A reader of O. W. Holmes's ' The Pro-
fessor at the Breakfast-Table ' cannot help
remembering that a creature bearing practi-
cally the same name is there described
{chap, i.) : —
" Now the Sculpin (Coitus Virginianus) is a
little water-beast which pretends to consider
itself a fish, and, under that pretext, hangs about
the piles upon which West-Boston Bridge is built,
swallowing the bait and hook intended for
flounders. On being drawn from the water, it
exposes an immense head, a diminutive bony
carcass, and a surface so full of spines, ridges,
ruffles, and frills, that the naturalists have not been
able to count them without quarrelling about the
number, and that the colored youth, whose sport
they spoil, do not like to touch them, and especially
to tread on them, unless they happen to have shoes
on, to cover the thick white soles of their broad
black feet."
EDWAKD BENSLY.
Aberystwyth.
Richard Carew in the ' Survey of Corn-
wall,' 1602, p. 35, says whitings in the east
parts are named scalpions. See the ' N.E.D.'
under scalpin. TOM JONES.
[The date given by E. L.-W., the reign of
•award IV., is too early for the American sculpin.
The locality named is Exeter, which fits in well
with the first quotation for scalpin in the ' N.E.D.'
viz., from the ' Little Red Book of Bristol '
c. 1400. Replies acknowledged from MB. R. V.
GOWER and MR. F. P. MARCHANT.]
BARABBAS A PUBLISHER (11 S. ii. 29, 92).
— Owing ^ to my absence in Italy, I did not
«ee J. D.'s query until a few days ago. The
origin of Byron's joke, which appears to
have stuck fast in the public mind, will be
found in Leigh Hunt's ' Lord Byron and
flome of his Contemporaries,' vol. i. p. 53
{second edition, 1828). Byron used the
words " B^.rabbas was unquestionably a
bookseller", in conversation with Leigh
Hunt. He does not appear to have had
Murray in his thoughts at that time, for he
certainly expressed a very high opinion of
him. Byron, in one of his whimsical moods,
seems to have alluded to booksellers in
general as "of the tribe of Barabbas, who
was unquestionably a bookseller."
RICHABD EDGCUMBE.
Edgbarrow, Crowthorne, Berks.
SMALLPOX AND THE STARS (11 S. iii. 167,
211). — The poem sought by A. S. P. may
be that of William Cartw right on Charles I.'s
recovery from smallpox in 1633, from which
Mr. W. J. Courthope quotes the following
lines on p. 61 of his * Life of Pope ' (Pope's
1 Works,' vol. v.) :—
Let then the name be altered, let us say
They were small stars fixed in a Milky Way ;
Or faithful turquoises which Heaven sent
For a discovery, not a punishment ;
To show the ill, not make it ; and to tell
By their pale looks the bearer was not well.
Chalmers's ' English Poets,' vol. v. p. 515.
This is an obvious parallel to the poem
of Dry den's on Lord Hastings' s death.
EDWARD BENSLY.
Dry den's poem ' Upon the Death of the
Lord* Hastings ' was imitated by Oldham,
' To the Memory of my dear Friend Mr.
Charles Morwent ' (1675), stanza 40 : —
Those asterisks, placed in the margin oi. thy skin,
1'oint out the nobler soul that dwelt within :
Thy lesser, like the greater, world appears
All over bright, all over stuck with stars.
L. R. M. STRACHAN.
Heidelberg.
"BARNBURNER": "HUNKER" (11 S.
iii. 229, 314).— Barnburners and Hunkers
were the two sections (each so nicknamed
by the other) into which the Democratic
party in the State of New York was split
in 1847 by the Free Soil issue — opposing
the extension of slavery beyond the States
which already had it. The Barnburners
were the Free-Soilers — a small part so from
conviction, the rest joining them from
policy, to punish the national pro-slavery
administration under Polk for interfering
with the State "machine's" control of
patronage. The whole were headed by
ex- President Martin Van Buren, whom they
nominated for President in 1848 to defeat
the national Democratic candidate Cass,
which they did. The Hunkers were the
conservative wing, comprising incidentally
nearly all the " brute vote" who hated new
ideas ; hence the term has become classic
throughout the country for that genus.
The former name is conventionally derived
386
NOTES AND Q UEKIES. m s. m. APRIL 29, 1911.
from a famous campaign story of a farmer j
who burnt down his barn to free it from
rats, i.e., reckless radicals ; but an old
New York country editor told me that, to
his knowledge, the first Hunker users by their
own statement meant it as an insinuation
that the active Barnburners were low in-
cendiaries, who committed arson whenever
plunder or revenge prompted. " Hunker "
seems to be a sportive formation from the
Dutch, equivalent to " stay-at-home."
"Hard-shell" and "Soft-shell," almost
at once abbreviated to " Hards " and
" Softs," were the equivalents for Hunker
and Barnburner adopted a little later ;
the former was taken over from a common
use regarding extreme and narrow religious
bodies, implying usually country groups
of little culture and much hard fanaticism.
FORREST MORGAN.
Hartford, Conn.
HUMPHREY HENCHMAN (11 S. iii. 288). —
According to Hutchins's ' History of Dorset,'
3rd ed., vol. ii. p. 831, Humphrey Henchman
married Ann Wood. W. S. WRIGHT.
POOR SOULS' LIGHT: " TOTENLATERNE "
(11 S. ii. 448; iii. 30). — In the cemetery of
Kloster Neuberg, near Vienna, there is an
elegant cross or Tpdtenleuchte, lanterne des
morts. Its height is about 30 ft. ; the date
engraved upon it is 1381. There is a small
door about 5 ft. from the ground, and near
the summit a chamber with six glazed win-
dows, in which the light was exhibited. In
France some ten or twelve of these lanterns
have been found and described ; in Germany
about as many.
M. Lecointre, " Archeologue de Poitiers,"
remarks : —
" The hollow columns or janaux were specially
raised in the cemeteries in order to protect the
living from the fear of those returning and from
the spirits of darkness, and to safeguard them from
this terror of the night — this affair that walketh
in the darkness, of which the Psalmist speaks ;
finally, to invite the living to pray for the dead.''
Viollet-le-Duc observes :—
" As to the idea attaching to these monuments,
in the twelfth century, for example, M. Lecointre
appears to us to be right, but nevertheless we are
disposed to think that these columns belong, by
tradition, to the usages or superstitions of a
very remote antiquity. We can only regret that
we have no lanterns of the dead, prior to the
twelfth century, remaining. We cannot doubt
of their existence since they are mentioned
several times, amongst other instances, in the
battle waged between Clovis and Alaric, but
we do not know the form of these first Christian
monuments."
TOM JONES.
SIR WALTER SCOTT'S POET ANCESTOR
(11 S. iii. 287). — It is probable that ASTARTE
alludes to William Alexander, first Earl of
Stirling, who was a well-known poet in the
early part of the seventeenth century.
He published manj^ tragedies, and some of
his poems and letters occur in the folio
edition of Drummond's works, 1711. King
James VI. used to call him his philosophical
poet. He died in 1640.
CONSTANCE RUSSELL.
Swallowfield Park, Reading.
The Scottish poet-peer from whom Sir
Walter Scott's descent can be traced was
the first Earl of Stirling. Prof. John
Rutherford, Scott's maternal grandfather,
married as his first wife,
" Jean, elder daughter of Sir John Swinton of Swin-
ton by his wife Anne Sinclair, younger daughter of
Sir Robert Sinclair, Bart., of Longformacus by his
wife Margaret, younger daughter of William, Lord
Alexander, eldest son of Sir William Alexander of
Mensbry, Earl of Stirling, celebrated as a poet and
statesman." See Rogers's 'Genealogical Memoirs
of the Family of Sir Walter Scott,' printed for the
Grampian Club, 1877, pp. lii-liii.
W. SCOTT.
[MR. A. R. BAYLEY and DELTA also thanked for
replies.]
"SCAVENGER" AND " SCAVAGER " (11 S.
iii. 146). — I think DR. ROUND'S r.ttack upon
Mr. Riley was unwarrantable and careless ;
he attacks what is said in the Preface and
appears to ignore the ' Liber Albus ' itself !
He could have dispensed with reading the
book, as he could have got the reference
from Riley 's Index to the translation pub-
lished in 1851 ; the Index refers to p. 272,
which translates p. 313 in the ' Liber Albus *
itself. I give this reference in my article,
and think it a pity that the ' N.E.D.' has
not done the same. The account in the
w Liber Albus,' at p. 313, is so explicit that
no one can pretend to misunderstand it.
The " Scawageours " had to take an oath
to repair the pavements and remove the
" ordures." WALTER W. SKEAT.
~ BLACK BANDSMEN IN THE ARMY (11 S. iii.
287). — The following passage is to be found
in Sibbald Scott's 'British Army,' 1868,
vol. ii. p. 399 :—
"It will not be uninteresting to give a descrip-
tion of a regimental band of the last [eighteenth]
century. It is contained in an extract of a letter
by the late Mr. W. J. Mattham, innkeeper, of
Lavenham, Suffolk : ' We have had four companies
of the West Middlesex Militia quartered upon us
for three days, [each] consisting of three officers
and forty-nine men, who had the best band I ever
heard, 'tis worth mentioning to those who ar^
us. in. APRIL 29, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
337
lovers of superior music. It consisted of five
clarionets, two French horns, one bugle-horn, one
trumpet, two bassoons, one bass drum, two triangles
(the latter played by boys about nine years.old), two
tlambourines (the performers mulattoe*), and the
cash -pans by a real blackamoor, a very active man,
who walked between the two mulattoes, which had
a very grand appearance indeed.'"
The date of Mr. Mattham's letter was 2 July,
1793. See ' N. & Q.' of 18 August, 1855
(1 S. xii. 121). W. S.
At 7 S. viii. 97 it is stated that
" the Guards' bands used to have black men who
played the cymbals, but they were only introduced
at the end of the last century [eighteenth] and the
last was discharged from the Scots Fusilier Guards
in 1841."
In 1805 the 4th Regiment, when at Hythe,
I had a mulatto as big drummer ; e,nd later
j (1815) the 95th Rifle Regiment had "a
i m in of colour " as drummer.
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
Were not the kettledrummers of the
cavalry regiments usually negroes a century
ago ?
Black bandsmen, I believe, were not in-
| frequent in the French army of the Napo-
I Iconic epoch. One or two appear in the
j series of drawings of military uniforms
j executed by an artist named Bellange
| sixty cr seventy years ago.
R. L. MORETON.
YEWS IN CHURCHYARDS : CLUBS FOR
j KILLING OLD PEOPLE (US. iii. 166, 291). —
The yew tree was a valuable r,nd almost
I a sacred tree from its use for making bows,
when the Church encouraged the youth of
England to practise archery. The super-
stitions or awe-inspiring nature of the wood
is suggested in ' Macbeth ' : —
Slips of yew
Slivered in the moon's eclipse.
Any one who has seen a yew tree cut down
In a churchyard will remember the bright,
bloody look of the fresh chips, startling as if a
murder had been done among the graves.
GEORGE WHKRRY.
Cambridge.
M. G. W. P. asks for a reference to a
weapon used to kill aged people in the
British Islands. John Aubrey writes :— :
" The Holy-mawle, wch (they fancy) hung behind
the Church dore, w^ when the father was seaventie
the sonne might fetch, to knock his father in the
head, as effoete, and of ho more use."—' Remaines
of Gentilisme and Judaisme,' Folk-lore Society's
Edition, 1881, p. 19 ; also on pp. 127, 217.
W. CROOKE.
PHEASANT PENNY (11 S. iii. 268). —
Doubtless a mistake for " fastening penny,"
called " fest " or " fasten " penny, or in
1573 " festynpenny." It fastened the bar-
gain en hiring a servant ; see Peacock's
* Glossary.' J. T. F.
Winterton, Doncaster.
This is nothing but a form of " fasting
penny," money given to a servant at the
hiring, to fasten the bargain. One of the
spellings is " fe&sen " ; see ' E.D.D.,' ii.
306, 339. W. C. B.
DR. JOHNSON OF WARWICK (US. iii. 188).
— In the ballroom of the Court House at
Warwick hang pictures of Dr. William
Johnson of Warwick and Ann his wife. On
the former is inscribed : —
"Portrait of Dr Wm Johnson, the owner of this
house, and of the two adjoining it. He bequeathed
them to the poor of Warwick after the death of
his wife."
On the latter :—
" Portrait of Ann, the wife of Dr Wm Johnson
who survived him, and bequeathed to the poor iii
Warwick the Hogbrook Farm in Bishop's Tach-
brooke."
Ann Johnson's will was dated 8 March,
1732, and the bequest is known by her
name. Hogbrook Farm was not bequeathed
as stated, but was bought some time later
by the trustees.
" This house," referred to on the portrait
of Dr. Johnson, was that in which he and
his wife lived. It was afterwards rented
from the trustees by the Landor family,
nnd there, in 1775, was born Walter Savage
Landor. It is now known as Landor
House. F. LAMBARDE.
Warwick.
MARIE HUBER (US. ii. 249).— A friendly
reader has assured me that ' The World
Unmask'd,' 1736, is p, translation of Marie
Huber's ' Le Monde fou prefere au Monde
Sage,' 1731. The English volume in ques-
tion also comprises a translation of two
other works by the same authoress, the three
being these first named in the chronological
list furnished by Watt (' Bibliotheca Bri-
tannicp,,' 1824, vol. i. p. 522). The fact
that Marie Huber's works have been often
confidently attributed to other authors,
and a suggestion that she was the " Huber,
in Switzerland," named in a list of the corre-
spondents of Emanuel Swedenborg, are,
inter alia, discussed in a brief article entitled
' Cookworthy : Muralt : Mandeville : Huber,'
appearing in The New Church Magazine for
this month. CHARLES HIGHAM.
338
NOTES AND QUERIES, ui s. ra. APKIL 29, 1911.
GRAY'S ' ELEGY ' : TRANSLATIONS ' AND
PARODIES (11 S. iii. 62, 144, 204).— A
Bohemian translation was made by Joseph
Jungmann, who translated Milton's ' Para-
dise Lost,' Chateaubriand's ' Athalie,' and
poems by Goethe, Schiller, and Burger. He
was the great lexicographer, and ft leader
of the renaissance following the enlightened
policy of the Emperor Joseph II.
FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.
Streatham Common.
VESTRY HELD ON LADY DAY (11 S. iii.
288). — Before such business was handed
over to District and County Councils, vestry
meetings were held on Lady Day for the
appointment of overseers, road-surveyors,
and such like non-ecclesiestical officers.
W. C. B.
"No GREAT SHAKES " (11 S. iii. 129, 173,
257). — An allusion to this expression earlier
than 1819 will be found in Lord Broughton's
recollections (' Recollections of a Long
Life,' vol. ii. p. 2). On visiting the Cathe-
dral at Malines with some friends, he records
in his diary on 2 August, 1816 : —
"W. said that a piece of sculpture there was
* nullse magnae quassationes,' arid the other laughed
heartily."
THOMAS LANGTON.
Toronto.
The lines quoted by Mr. R. L. MORETON
from James Smith's ' Next-Door Neighbours,'
" Who are the comers next to Blakes ? "
" At Number Four ? " " Yes." " No great shakes,"
are curiously paralleled by a line in Charles
Lever's famous song ' The Man for Galway'
appearing in ' Charles O'Malley ' : —
They say the Blakes are no great shakes.
The expression " no great shakes " is
very common in Ireland. R. J. KELLY.
Dublin.
A COUSIN OF BOSWELL (11 S. iii. 189,
292).— The English chapel with which
Mr. Riddoch was connected was situated
not at Inverness, but at Aberdeen. This is
quite clear in Boswell. ]yicreover Boswell
elsewhere uses "English chapel" in the
sense of " Episcopalian chapel," vi/., in
his account of Montrose, under date 21
August. L. R. M. STRACHAN.
Heidelberg.
1 A WHITE HAND AND A BLACK THUMB '
(11 S. iii. 249). — This story appeared in
All the Year Bound, 1863-4, vol. x. Like
most of the contributions in the magazine,
it was anonymous, and the authorship,
I believe, has never been divulged. If I
may be permitted to hazard a guess, I
would venture to assign it either to W7ilkie
Collins or to Fechter the actor. In 1868
Collins produced a play, in conjunction with
Fechter, under the title of ' Black and White.'
Is the play based on the tale ' A White Hand
and a Black Thumb,' which had appeared .
four years previously in All the Year
Round? W. S. S.
JOHN THANE, PRINT-SELLER AND EN-
GRAVER (11 S. iii. 227). — Thane the print-
seller was not the first of that name to
appear in England. During the century
preceding his birth, there was a John Thane,
Prebendary of Chester, who published some
volumes of sermons.
Perhaps the following note in Lowndes
may indicate the direiticn in which informa-
tion as to the print-seller's parentage may
be obtained : —
" The coppers of this work [' British Autography '}
were sold in 1838, and the purchaser [Mr. Daniel}
reissued the work without altering the date ; and
also published ' Twenty-Seven Additional Portraits-
with the Autographs, never before published/
London, 1839, 4to, consisting of title, list of 27 por-
traits, 3 sheets of facsimiles, portrait of Mr. Thane,
and letterpress, 66 pp. , of which additions only 100
copies were made up."
S. S.
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHRISTIAN NAME (11 S. ii. 328, 374, 304,
437, 534 ; iii. 92, 173, 214, 295).— In stating
(at p. 214, ante) that Essex Lake married
Sir Thomas Drax the pen of G. E. C. appears
for once to have betrayed him. The only
reference to a person of this Christian name
which appears in my MS. collections in
regard to the family is to Thomas Shatterden.
(Shetterden), who" ultimately changed his
surname to Drax, but who married Eliza-
beth Ernley (Ernie) ; he was never knighted,
so far as I am aware. It would therefore
seem that my original statement that Essex
Lake married (Sir) James Drax, as in the
' London Marriage Licences,' was the correct
one (see US. ii. 535 and iii. 173).
It may be interesting to note of this
Essex Drax, who was probably among the
first women to bear this strange Christian
name, that she lived to attain the great age
of 106, according to the register of her
burial on 3 July, 1727, thus outliving her
husband by a period of oyer sixty years.
In entering the record the parish clerk set
her down by mistake as Dame Sussex Drax,. '
which brings to our notice another " singular
topographical Christian name."
WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
St. Anne and St. Agnes, &c., Gresham Street, E.C-
us. in. APRIL 29, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
339
In the south choir aisle of Winchester
Cathedral there is a tombstone with the
inscription : " Here lyeth the Body | of
Essex Powlett" Esqre | who died the 17th |
of September | 1682."
F. E. R. POLL ABD-URQTJH ART.
Brockenhurst.
How does the Christian name Essex come
into the family of Selby - Lowndes of
Whaddon, Bucks ? G. W. E. R.
0tt
Agamemnon of JEschylus. With Verse Transla-
tion, Introduction, and Notes by Walter Head-
lam, Litt.D. Edited by A. C. Pearson. (Cam-
bridge University Press.)
MR. A. C. PEARSON has performed a pious duty,
for which classical scholars will thank him in
completing as far as possible by the aid of refer-
ence to the late W. G. Headlam's unpriiited
notes and MSS. that fine scholar's edition of
the ' Agamemnon.' The volume, as it stands,
certainly contains enough fully to warrant its
publication, and cannot in future be neglected in
any study of the play. Dr. Headlam not only
had a special gift for ^lEschylus, but also he was
able — which is no small matter — to give expres-
sion to his views in clear and effective English.
The Introduction is chiefly notable as combating,
we think, with success, the startling views as to
the difficulties of time in the flashing of the beacon
message put forward by Dr. Verrall in his com-
mentary.
The text is faced by an English rendering which,
founded on the principle* of using the " large
language of the dramatists and Milton," well
exemplified in Mr. WThitelaw's translation of
Sophocles, is at once dignified and as near the
Greek as a modern can get. In his translation of
the iambics Dr. Headlam can stand comparison
with Mr. E. D. A. Morshead, whom, on the whole,
we regard as the most tasteful and accomplished
of the band of translators. The only doubt we
have is as to the numerous half lines which
Dr. Headlam allowed himself, and which do not
represent any break in the Greek, though they
have often an effective Elizabethan ring. The
choruses are not a success, but a satisfactory
rendering of these is beyond the power of any-
body, as Headlam himself fully recognized.
Several of the commentator's ingenious con-
jectures are introduced in the text, and all of these
are worthy of consideration, though we do not
approve of them in every case. In 1. 178 oi<5'
o'a-m is changed into ot5X<5$ rts, the adjective
being the epithet applied by Homer to Ares
and Achilles. The main point about the notes
is the wealth of citations from other Greek
authors with which Dr. Headlam supports this
or that usage. Here his book is unrivalled ; it
could only have been produced after long and
laborious 'study of Greek. It has, in fact, that
thoroughness of erudition which is more a Ger-
man than an English quality, and which is only
really effective when it is accompanied by good
taste and judgment.
Old English Instruments of Music : their History
and Character. By Francis W. Galpin. With
102 Illustrations. (Methuen & Co.)
THIS is a very happy addition to the now ex-
tensive series of " The Antiquary's Books."
The fame of Mr. Galpin as one who could play
the " serpent " reached the present reviewer
many years ago, and he has long had an un-
equalled knowledge of the musical instruments
of the past.
The result of this mastery is a book alike
learned and entertaining. The illustrations are
many of them delightfully quaint, and the author
has put his exposition into a form which makes
it accessible to the unlearned reader. The origin
of the instruments carries one far beyond the
bounds of the British Isles, but the illustrations,
are confined almost entirely to English sources,
which supply medieval miniatures of great interest-
— two, for instance, of the early eleventh century
and the early fifteenth showing the " crowd,'^
which is the Welsh " crwth," well known to readers-
of ' Aylwin,' and appears in Latin as " chorus."
Mr. Galpin has not gone in for elaborate foot-
notes, but we have every confidence that the re-
sults of his investigations are trustworthy. The
Appendix is enough to show his wide knowledge
of MS. sources. There is a good Index, a glance
at which should be sufficient to lure readers on
to the store of erudition provided for them.
Thus the kinds of the bagpipe begin with
" Assyrian " ; there is a complete list of 1547
of ' The Musical Instruments of Henry VIII.' ;
and we note references to ' Nel Gwynne,.
her reputed Virginal,' Mr. Thomas Hardy on
serpents and village church bands, and several
to Shakespeare and waits.
ONE of the questions dealt with in recent
numbers of L'lntermediaire is the love-corre-
spondence of Lucretia Borgia, and Bembo. On
this subject " Curiosus " remarks that though
the letters of Lucretia are passionate and those of
Bembo full of ardour, it is not therefore to be con-
cluded that the writers did in fact experience
unbounded love. " Epochs of decadence and
those which devote themselves beyond measure
to literature deal voluntarily in the superlative,
and words no longer have their intrinsic value ....
It is extremely probable that the cardinal and
the princess exchanged such amorous phrases
more through love of art and fine periods than
because they were really in love with each other."
Other subjects discussed are the enforced
marriages with which Napoleon secured well-
dowered brides for men of distinction in his
army, and the date of Titian's death. The
ecclesiastical custom of taking the Communion
wine through a pipe is treated at some length.
It seems that the chalumeau was also used in
certain churches when the deacon or a priest, at
the Paschal feast, before the end of the mass,
gave non-consecrated wine to the faithful who
had communicated. One of the inventories cited
on this point is that of Notre Dame de Paris,
1416: "A large cup [coupe] of silver gilt....
called the cup [godet] of St. Thomas with
this cup a pipe of silver gilt for taking the wine
of Easter Day after the Communion." It would
be interesting to know who the St. Thomas
mentioned was. Possibly he was St. Thomas,
of Canterbury.
340
NOTES AND QUERIES, m s. in. APEIL 29, mi.
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' Real Life in London,' 1821-2, calf, by Zaehnsdorf,
10Z. 15s. A handsome set of Ireland's ' English
Scenery,' 8 vols., full calf, 1793-1802, is 10Z. 10s.
There are choice works under Etching. The
original edition of Mirys's ' Figures de 1'Histoire
de la R^publique Romaine ' is 61. 6s. Works
under Heraldry include Holme's ' Academy of
Armory,' first edition, beautifully bound in the
finest crimson levant, 1688, 28Z. A fine set of
Clutterbuck's ' Hertford,' original edition, large
paper, several of the proof impressions coloured
by hand, full morocco, 1815-27, is 32Z. Among
illuminated MSS. is one of the Koran, bound in
Turkish morocco, about 1750, 7Z. 7s. Under
Ireland is Keating's ' History,' large paper, folio,
1726, full morocco by Bedford, 12Z. ; and under
Northumberland, Hodgson's ' History,' extra-
illustrated, 1820-58, 3 vols. in 7, half-morocco,
4to, 30Z. There is a large-paper copy of Lodge's
Portraits,' besides some old prints. Under
Thackeray is the original copperplate made from
the drawing ' Capt. Brock appears at Court
with my Lord Peterborough,' designed to illus-
trate ' Catherine.'
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
DANIEL HIPWELL. — The following notice
appeared in The Times of 21 April : —
" Hipwell. — On the 16th inst., at the residence
of his son, Richmond Hill, Surrey, Daniel Hipwell,
formerly merchant of the City of London, in his
88th year."
Mr. Hipwell wrote much in ' N. & Q.,' contri-
buting many useful biographical notes, from
6 S. vi. to 8 S. xii.
Jlotirra
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we dp not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
Editorial communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of ' Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
ROSAMOND SPONG. — The writer of a letter
dated about 12 April, bluish envelope, undelivered
because insufficiently addressed, is asked to be
kind enough to write again to RECTOR, Over
Worton, Steeple Aston, Oxon.
V. H. C. (" Abel Drugger "). — In Ben Jonson's
Tobacconist.'
ii 8. 111. MAY 6, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
341
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 6, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 71.
KOTES :— Cromwelliana, 341— Musical Dictionaries, 342—
Agostino Grimaldi, Bishop of Grasse, 344— Coronation
Bibliography— " Kangaroo Closure "—Dominoes : their
Origin, 345 — London Remains — Anglo- Irish " Vein" —
"Secure arms"— "Nib" — Queen Elizabeth's Horses,
346.
QUERIES: — "Segundo" — Rev. T. Delafield's Manu-
scripts—Sanctuary Rings— Bal Ian tyne's Kelso Press—
Junius on George Grenville and Lord Chatham— Hannah
More Portraits, 347 — Admiral Vernon — Robert Rollo
Gillespie at Vellore— Madame D'Arblay and Disraeli-
Church Briefs — Francis Family — Authors Wanted —
Lawrence's Sketch of Mrs. Linley— Kelsey Family—
Gloucestershire Booksellers, 348 — Church of England
c. 1750— Drawing the Organ— Robert de Valle— Stafford-
shire Charter : Camerarius — Scots Music — Sampson
Family, 349.
REPLIES :- Fishing in Classical Times-Arnolflni Family,
350— Pawper Bird— "C" and "T" Interchanged— Arms
of the Archbishops of York, 351— Remarkable Echoes, 352
—Warwick Lane— Simon de Montfort— Rev. Mr. Garrard
—Sonnets by Rafael— Alex. Cunningham, 353— American
Words and Phrases — Mansel Family — Burns and 'The
Wee Wee German Lairdie,' 354— Authors Wanted— James
Grant of Bengal — 4 The Yahoo ' — The Confession of
Louis XVI., 355— Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick— Franklin
and Dreams, 356— Buddha in Christian Art— Walter
Haddon — Bagehot on the Crown — Shakespeare and the
Earl of Rutland, 357 Tennyson's " Flower in the crannied
wall"— "Cackling Clouts," &c.— "Never swap horses
when crossing the stream "—Hertford Street— French
Ambassadors in London, 358.
NOTES ON BOOKS:-' A Book of Cambridge Verse'—
1 Visitation of Ireland.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
CROMWELLIANA.
I. CROMWELL'S COUSIN A POISONER.
THOMAS CARLYLE in his ' Oliver Cromwell '
states of his hero's uncle Sir Philip Crom-
well of Biggin that his
" fifth son, Robert, poisoned his master, an
attorney, and was hanged at London — if there
be truth in Heath's ' Flagellum ' (Noble, i. 35)
' and some Pedigrees ' — year not given ; say
about 1635, when the lad, born 1617, was in his
18th year. I have found no hint of this affair
in any other quarter, not in the wildest Royalist
— Birkenhead or Walker's Independency lam-
poon ; and consider it very possible that a
Robert Cromwell having suffered for poisoning
an attorney, he may have been catted the cousin
of Cromwell by Heath and some Pedigrees. But,
of course, anybody can poison an attorney and
be hanged for it." "
Mr. J. C. Jeaffreson in ' Middlesex County
Records ' has shown that a London Oliver
Cromwell was hanged for theft in 1648 ;
but as no Puritan or RovaUst attack on
Cromwell mentions this, it is clear that this
man was not a near relation of the Pro-
tector.
Notwithstanding Carlyle, plenty of allu^
sions to the poisoner can be found in the
contemporary satires on Cromwell and his
friends, though the general impression seems
to have been that the Robert Cromwell
who was hanged was Oliver Cromwell's
eldest son, Robert. c Reason against Treason ;
or, a Bone for Bradshawe to picke ' (9 July,
1649), remarks : —
" We know Oliver had a Tyburn bird to his son
for poysoning his master, an apothecary, and thus,?
' egregia est soboles scelerata nata parente.' "
And " A Hue and Cry after Cromwell ; or,
the Cities Lamentation for the losse of their
Coyne and Conscience" (24 July, 1649),
states : —
'' That young Cromwell should be hang'd, drawn
and quarter' d for poysoning the master of one
single family and that old Cromwell should scape
for murdering his lord and soveraigne that was
master of all the private families in England.
0 Tempora ! O Mores I
Young Noll at Tyburn suffered for his fact
Old Noll's unhang'd, has done the baser act."
The Historical Manuscripts Commission's
Seventh Report, Appendix, Part I., pub-
lished in 1879, calendars letters from Sir
Thomas and Judith Barrington (the originals
are now in the British Museum), from which
1 take the following statements : —
" 1632. April. Holbourne, London. My
cousin Robert Cromwell, son to Sir Philip, is
(upon his masters death) imprisoned, and ques-
tioned for poisoning of him which we hope he
will be clear from in the close."
And—
" Tuesday. Whitsun week. Yesterday your
[Lady Barrington 's] cousin Cromwell's trial was
heard, the probabilities are foul, but he is likely
to find great friends."
Again : —
" 1632. May 25. My cousin Cromwell is
reprieved and generally reputed a guiltless poor
youth, and this evening my lord of Holland
endeavours his farther reprieve and pardon."
The fate of Robert Cromwell is shown in
the MSS. of the College of Physicians
calendared in the Eighth Report of the
Historical Manuscripts Commission, Ap-
pendix, Part I., published in 1881 : —
" 27 May, 1632. Letter of Lord Holland to the
College. Cromwell is condemned to death for
the murder of his master Mr. Lane. -Doubts are
expressed of poisoning. They are to examine
persons who were present about the sickness of
Lane, the manner of his death, what has been
observed on the opening of his body, or may be
collected from sight and trial of the medicine,
if any be left, and present their report to tin*
King before Wednesday next. Evidence of
342
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY e, mi.
Masters, an apothecary, Dr. Gifford, Dr. Andrews.
Dr. Meverell, and Fr. White, a servant. May 29.
Secretary John Cpoke to the College, asking their
opinion if Lane died of poison and if the medicine
sent by the apothecary had any poisonable in-
gredient. After taking further evidence, the
College reply that Lane died a violent death by
poison."
II. CROMWELL'S PRAYER ON HIS DEATH-
BED.
Edmund Gibson, born in 1669, who after-
wards became Bishop of London, was a
zealous collector of ancient MSS., and
chaplain and librarian to Archbishop Tenison
before his appointment to the see of Lincoln
in 1716. The " codices Gibsoniani " at
Lambeth Palace are due to him. I am
indebted to the courtesy of the present
librarian for facilitating the following tran-
script (vol. 930, f. 156) :—
" His highness prayer Thursday in ye afternoon
being 2 Sept. 1658. Dyed ye 3rd.
" ' I am a poore foolishe fellowe O Lord and
Thy people would fain have me live. And they
think it best for them I should live. And they
think if I live it will redound much to Thy glorie.
And all the stir is about this. And some would
fain have me dead. Lord pardon them and
pardon Thy foolishe people and forgive their
sinn. And do not forsake them, but love them
and bless them and give them rest and bring them
to a consistency. And give me rest for Jesus
Christ his sake. To whom wth Thee and Thy
Holy Spirit be glory and praise for evermore.
Amen.
" ' And now, Lord, forgive the sinn of this little
foolish prayer of mine.
" ' I am a Conqueror, more then a Conqueror
through Jesus Christ that strengthens me.'
" After these words he had but little sense,
but after some hours tossings, about 3 on fryday
morning he lay still and so continued till he
expired at 3 in the afternoone.
" [Transcribed from an original paper of Majr
Gen1 Butler, who is said to have taken the words
at y* beds feet of Oliver Cromwell.]"
Daniel Neal, a learned Dissenting Minister,
born in 1678, published the first volume
of his 'History of the Puritans' in 1732,
and the fourth and last in 1738. P. 197 of
vol. iv. says of Cromwell : —
" About twelve hours before he died he lay
very quiet, when Major Butler, being in his
chamber, says he heard him make his last prayer
to this purpose : ' Lord, I am a poor foolish crea-
ture, the people would fain have me live, they
think it best for them and that it will redound
much to Thy glory, and all the stir is about this.
Others would fain have me die. Lord, pardon
them and pardon Thy foolish people, forgive their
sins and do not forsake them, but love and bless
and give them rest, and bring them to a con-
sistency, and give me rest ; for Jesus Christ's
sake, to whom with Thee and Thy Holy Spirit be
all honour and glory now and for ever. Amen.
The protector died Sept-ember 3, 1658, about three
in the afternoon."
It is clear that if these versions of the
prayer are accurate, that printed by Carlyle
is not genuine. I shall deal with Carlyle's
version at its proper time (which was not
the date of Cromwell's death), merely re-
marking that Carlyle's " Charles Harvey,'*
upon whom he bases his last chapter, is not
inown to have written anything at all,,
and that he certainly was not the author of
he pamphlet upon which Carlyle relies.
J. B. WILLIAMS.
(To be continued.)
MUSICAL DICTIONARIES.
WHO and what was the author of "A
New Dictionary of Music. By W. Wilson
Esq., London, printed and published by
William Hughes, Islington ; Sherwood &
Co., Paternoster Row " ? No date, but
it was published in 1835, according to ' The
English Catalogue,' and it was noticed in
The Athenceum in 1836.
It is a duodecimo. My copy has first
the title, then comes a page of "Musical
Characters," unpaged, then eight pages of
musical examples, and an index to the
examples and musical characters on sig-
nature fi unpaged ; then pp. vii to xxivr
and pp. 1 to 292, the last leaf, pp. 291-92,
not being numbered. The price was
7s. 6c£, I am not certain that my copy is
complete.
Previously to quoting this dictionary in
my note on spelling (10 S. vii. 52), I looked
everywhere I could think of for some infor-
mation about the author in order to get some
idea of the authority of the book. But I
found practically nothing.
Brown and Stratton in their * British
Musical Biography ' are mistaken in ascrib-
ing to James W. Wilson " The Musical
Cyclopedia : being a collection of the most
approved songs .... By James Wilson ....
To which is prefixed an elaborate essay. . . .
by Wm. Grier, A.M. A new edition, 1836."
The advertisement is dated 1834. The
1852 issue is precisely the same except
as to the title - page. This work is not a
dictionary.
Notwithstanding the numbers of authors
in the ' D.N.B.' and Mr. Boase's 'Modern
English Biography,' which alone contributes
upwards of 20,000 names between the
period 1850 and 1900, there are many
musicians and authors, even of note, as the
columns of ' N. & Q.' constantly testify,
who are still unnoticed in our biographical
dictionaries.
ii s. m. MAY e, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
343
Musical dictionaries are poor in minor
biographies both of the dead and the living.
I could mention the name of an eminent
living musician who has published upwards
of 300 musical pieces, but only 250 of his
compositions have got to our National
Library. His name is in ' Who 's Who,'
but not in Grove, who expressly mentions
that he does not give minor biographies :
" No attempt has been made to include the
name of every musician " (vol. i. p. vi,
1904). I regret this. To have included
them would not have required a hundred
extra pages, and that number would nave
made the last volume the same size as the
previous volumes.
Grove has no notice of Wilson, though his
Dictionary is mentioned in vol. i. (1904),
p. 698, in an article by M. Gustave Chouquet
of Paris. Chouquet notices Wilson's book
in a very cursory manner, without sufficient
allowance for the time at which it was pub-
lished, when there were very few musical
dictionaries, and not one eq\ial to Wilson's.
In fact, I have only been able to find the
following : —
(1) By Thomas Busby (b. 1755, d. 1838),
entitled ' A Dictionary of Music,' 1786, or
' A New and Complete Dictionary,' &c.
(Watt gives both titles). This work went
through many editions.
Watt's 'Bibliotheca Britannica ' has (2)
* The Musical Dictionary ' as being by
Busby in conjunction with Dr. Arnold.
He also gives (3) ' A New Musical Dictionary,'
1801, 3rd ed., 1812 (in the "subjects"
volume called ' A New and Complete,' &e.).
Busby in addition published (4) 'A Com-
plete Dictionary of Music ' (1800?). The
first and the fourth editions only are in the
National Library.
There is great confusion in the above,
which an inspection of the various editions
will enable a person to unravel. Much
difficulty is caused by the loose way of
citing titles.
Perhaps Busby's is the one that J. A.
Hamilton edited as (5) 'A Dictionary of
3,000 Musical Terms,' 1836, 3rd ed., 1840.
It is not mentioned by Grove (1906), who
has a shorter notice of Hamilton (b. 1785,
d. 1845) than the ' Dictionary of National
Biography.'
Then we have (6) 'An Encyclopaedia or
Dictionary of Music ' by J. F. Danneley
(b. 1786, d. 1836), professor of music,
1825. This is a dictionary of terms, and
not an encyclopaedia.
The next is (7) 'A Musical Manual
or Technical Directory ' by Thomas
Busby, 1828. The half-title reads ' A Dic-
tionary of Music,' which is what the book
really is.
In none of these is the title of any previous
dictionary given.
Wilson calls himself " esquire," to which, I
presume, we may pay more attention for the
year 1835 than in the present day. The
addition is also useful as showing his sex.
Moreover I judge from it that he was an
amateur and not a professional musician,
or he would have said so, as Danneley does.
I infer that he was a man of independent
means. The latter idea is in some way
supported by his book being printed and
published at Islington, from which I infer
that he paid for it himself, and not the
nominal London publisher Sherwood, who
would have put his name first if it had been
published at his expense.
The ideas in the preface seem to me to be
well expressed. He says : " Few Sciences
have been so little indebted to the Lexi-
cographer as Music. In Dictionaries pro-
fessedly devoted to the Arts, not one musical-
term in a hundred is inserted ; of these very
few are correct." They tell us that " a
trumpeter plays on the trumpet, a violinist
on a violin, &c." " These are not secrets
worth knowing." Like the preface, the
introduction seems to me to be the work of
a ready writer who thoroughly understood
his subject. The Dictionary must have
been a work of much labour, for the writer
desired to do better than had been done
before.
On 4 November, 1871, I pointed out in
' N. & Q.' (4 S. viii. 379) that a bibliography
of encyclopaedias was a desideratum. I
can safely say there is not one now, or I
should find it enumerated in Mr. W. P.
Courtney's * A Register of National Biblio-
graphy ' (reviewed 10 S. iii. 378). I sug-
gested the want of a better encyclopaedia of
imisic than Schuberth's * Miniature Ency-
clopaedia ' in The Musical Standard in 1864
(see vol. ii. pp. 223 and 252), my letter being
followed by one from the late B. St. John
Baptist Joule (b. 1817, d. 1895), who said
he had been through The Gentleman's Maga-
zine in search of musical biographies. This
want has in a great measure been supplied
by Sir George Grove's excellent Dictionary ;
but notwithstanding all the modern pub-
lications, we still lack a biographical dic-
tionary of musicians. Barwick's * Pocket
Remembrancer of History and Biography,'
with its 15,000 names to 1903, gives dates' of
death of all the more important musicians
only.
344
N OTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. MAY «, 1911.
A bibliography of musical dictionaries and
•encyclopaedias should not be a mere cata-
logue, but should point out the contribution
each has mi.de to the subject. An introduc-
tion in the style of Sir James Murray's
Romanes Lecture, ' The Evolution of Lexi-
cography,' would be an advantage.
RALPH THOMAS.
AGOSTINO GRIMALDI, BISHOP OF
GRASSE.
THE folloAving is a translation of an in-
teresting inedited dispatch sent by Agostino
Grimaldi to the magistrates of Genoa in
1525, from the original in my possession.
Grasse or Grasea is a town of great antiquity
about 18 miles west of Nice, and was formerly
a fief of the Grimaldis of Antibes.
Agostino Grimaldi was a man of con-
siderable character and ability, and was
brother to Luciano, Prince of Monaco. In
1505 Luciano had, from ambitious motives,
assassinated his brother Giovanni II. Prince
of Monaco, and thus obtained the Princi-
pality. In 1508 Louis XII. of France
treacherously imprisoned Luciano in the
Castle of Roquette, in order to force him
to admit a French garrison into Monaco.
After fifteen months' imprisonment he
agreed, and returned to Monaco, which during
his absence had been well governed by Bishop
Agostino.
On 22 August, 1524, Luciano was assassina-
ted in Monaco Palace by Bartolomeo Doria,
his nephew, in revenge for some fancied
pecuniary grievances, and in hopes of the
succession. The people of Monaco, how-
ever, rose against the assassin, drove him
out of their city, and summoned Bishop
Agostino, who immediately went to Monaco,
resumed the government, and ected as
guardian to Luciano's son Honore II.,
then only seven (Pemberton, ' History of
Monaco,' "1867).
Bishop Agostino' s first object was to
-avenge his brother Luciano's death ; and
he at once wrote to Francis I.- of France and
Charles V. of Germany to aid him, and both
promised to do so. Doria was consequently
hunted down till he met his death, as the
Bishop describes : —
MAGNIFICENT LORDS,
As your Excellencies know, last year, fore-
seeing the misfortunes which happened, we
instantly implored the illustrious lords, the
Duca de Borbon and the Marchese de Pescara,
that for the safety of the State thay should leave
a garrison at Vintimiglia, as we clearly foresaw
the evils consequent up Da the transit of the French
camp, and if this request had been complied with,
so many misfortunes would not have happened ;
but with the consent of your Magnificent Lords,
we took upon ourselves the charge of guarding
the Castello de la Pena, a place on the border,
and especially from Vintimiglia to Ten da, a very
strong pass.
By this good guard, not only was it preserved
in obedience to your Magnificences, but by its
help this city was recovered and restored, " and
escaped other misfortunes ; for you must know
that the wretched Berton D'oria aimed at nothing
less than to pillage this Castello, wherefore he
laid his snares and machinations with his accus-
tomed cunning, for the dishonour and injury
of your Magnificences. We djd not regard
expense to preserve your honour ; so that
when the aforesaid miserable Berton D'oria
arrived before daybreak at the aforesaid Castello,
with a large company of rustics and countrymen,
as well from the illustrious state of Genoa as from
Dolc'aqua, to take it, instead of depriving others
of this fortress, he found himself in difficulties.
By a desperate leap from a rock he deprived him-
self of his miserable life, and thus ended his evil
and pernicious days.
And here his pernicious campaigns ended in
favour of the men of that place, who believed the
enemy to be strong and confident, and feared ill
treatment if the said Castello were seized, especially
as they were in a way unprepared against the
enemy, so that they have no cause for complaint.
One of his Genoese satellites was then captured,
and we have made request to the soldiers who took
dim prisoner that he might be brought before us
to give detailed information of all their accursed
movements and designs, to which they have con-
sented, having received our promise to restore-
him.
We understand that the Capitano de Vinti-
miglia now demands satisfaction for this capture ,
made with your Excellencies' knowledge and con-
sent— a demand beyond all reason, as any profits
arising therefrom should belong to those who
made the capture.
We believe that you will not disagree with this,
and we ask you to be pleased to approve of what
ihese men have done under your jurisdiction,
as befits our united honour, which we assure you
cannot be more diligently respected than by us.
With regard to the events of the second day
you will be better informed. And as these law-
ess men were checked in their assaults and other
things, and in their wicked designs on the Con-
/ado de Nizza, and as their plots, always planned
n that State, were unsuccessful, they retreated
'rom here, being a stronghold, as the rest of the
company has now done.
To provide against the evils which may occur,
t appears necessary that your Excellencies should
complain to the illustrious Duca de Savoye, as
t is not reasonable that his dominion should be a
*efuge and place of safety to those who incessantly
plot against the jurisdiction of that and this State,
and we beg that you will do so as speedily as
possible for the honour and good of the said State.
nore particularly as any profit of theirs is our
oss. From Monaco, the 27th of November, 1525.
Of the Magnificoes, your
AUGUSTTN,
Bishop of Grasse.
us. in. MAY 6,i9ii.j NOTES AND QUERIES.
345
The MS. is on two sides of a quarto sheet*
written in a fine, clear, Italian hand, evidently
by a secretary ; the last three lines, being
the Bishop's own autograph, are in a large,
free, bold style. There are a good many
ordinary contractions. The ink is dark, and
the writing very legible. The MS. came
from the collection of a noble Italian family,
and is thus entered in Sotheby's Catalogue,
11 November, 1868, p. 37, lot 232 : —
Grimaldi, Agostino, Lettre aux magistrate de
Genes, informant de 1'attentat de Berton Doria
centre Monaco et Ventimiglia, et de sa mort
violente &c., Monaco, 27 Novembre, 1525.
" Lettre e'galement inte"ressante par son style
et par son contenu. Griinaldi <§tait iSveque de
Grasse ou Grasea, et 1'un des Conseillers de Charles
This original dispatch raises a curious
rstion. Bishop Grimaldi personally con-
ted the seige of Penna, and he tells the
Doge of Genoa that Doria committed suicide
there ; and he certainly must have known
the truth.
Yet Pemberton, Metivier, and Rendu say
that Doria was taken to Monaco, and that
Pope Clement VII. wrote to Bishop Grimaldi
by Cardinal Sadolet, to spare Doria ; but
that he was executed 13 July, 1525. ' The
Romance of Monaco and its Rulers,' by
E. C. Mayne, 1910, gives the same account
as Pemberton, but what can be more
authentic than an account of an event
written by the chief actor in it ? D. J.
CORONATION BIBLIOGRAPHY. — The follow-
ing are a few notes of books, &c., relating to
coronations which may be of interest at
this time : —
' Ceremonies, FornTof Prayer, and Services used
ill Westminster Abbey at the Coronation of King
James I. and Queen Anne : with the Coronation
of King Charles I. in Scotland.' R. Taylor, 1685
' Crowns and Coronations,' by Wm. Jones, 1883*
' Coronation of the Kings and Queens of Eng-'
land,' by R. Thomson, 1820.
' Historical Description of the English Regalia,'
by C. Davenport, 1897.
London Gazette (passim).
' Chapters on Coronations, comprising their
< teigin, Nature, and History,' by T., 1838 (pub. by
John W. Parker, West Strand).
' Coronation ' and ' Crown ' in the ' N.E.D.'
' The Glory of Regality,' by Arthur Taylor.
Saudford's ' History of the Coronation of
James II. and Queen Mary,' 1687.
Parliamentary Papers on the Claim of Lady
Stafford to attend the Coronation.
* Account of the Ceremonies observed in the
Coronations of the Kings and Queens of England '
by G. Kearsley, 1760.
' A Faithful Account of the Processions and
! Ceremonies observed in the Coronation of the
Kings and Queens of England,' 1820.
' Form of the Proceeding of the Coronation of
King George III. and Queen Caroline,' 1727.
' Ceremonies at the Coronations of the Kings
and Queens of England from James II. to George
II.,' 1760.
' Coronation Regalia,' The Mirror, 3 Sept., 1831.
' Ceremonies at the Coronation of George IV.,'
1821.
' The Coronation of their Majesties in West-
minster Abbey, Sept. 10, 1831,' The Mirror*
Nos. 507 and 508."
' The Coronation Chair and Imperial Crown/
ibid., 27 Aug., 1831.
' Coronation Anecdotes,' 1823.
' The Coronation,' Weekly Chronicle, I July,
1838.
' Three Coronation Orders ' (privately printed),
by J. W. Legg, 1900.
Huish's ' Coronation of George IV.,' 1821.
Walker's ' Coronation of Charles II.,' 1820.
The Queen's Coronation,' The Sun, Thursday,
28 June, 1838, " a most complete and graphic
account."
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
" KANGAROO CLOSUBE." — The gradual de-
velopment of the system of the closure
of debate in the House of Commons since its
establishment in 1882 has led to the adoption
of varieties of the process, undreamed of
when first proposed by Mr. Gladstone. I
noted at 10 S. ii. 106 the adoption by Mr.
Balfpur as Prime Minister, and the other
leading members of the House, of the phrase
closure by-compartment " ; and though,
as yet, none such have publicly employed
the description " Kangaroo closure " for a
further extension, it has recently been used
in well-nigh every newspaper. The follow-
ing definition of this form, given by the
London correspondent of The Birmingham
Daily Post on its first application to the
Committee stage of the Parliament Bill on
10 April, may be placed on record : —
" For the benefit of those uninitiated in the latest
developments of Parliamentary slang, it may be
explained that the ' Kangaroo ' variety of closure
diners both from the simplest form, which simply
closes debate upon a particular question, and from
the drastic closure-by-compartment, which has to>
have the preliminary sanction of the House by
resolution, and disposes of portions of the bill in.
block. It gives power to the occupant of the chair
to choose out of a selected group of amendments
those he holds it most profitable for the House to
discuss and it can be invoked without previous
notice.''
POLITICIAN.
DOMINOES : THEIE ORIGIN.— The name
of the game is known to come from the
expression faire domino, " coup qui consiste
a poser sa derniere piece, ce qui donne partie
gagnee " (' Diet. General '). The connexion
346
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY e, 1911.
with domino, " camail noir avec capuchon
porte" par le pretre pendant 1'hiver," has
never been satisfactorily established. I
think the word capuchon in the above
definition is probably the clue. Much older
than faire domino is the phrase faire capot,
used of a victorious stroke at piquet, and
the latter expression is widely used in a
metaphorical sense. Now capot means
" cape with a hood," and it seems possible
that faire domino is a playful variant
of faire capot. One may compare the
foolish changes that used to be rung on the
expression " to take the cake " a few years
ago. ERNEST WEEKLEY.
LONDON REMAINS. (See 10 S. viii. 226,
271, 337, 392, 476 ; ix. 14, 196.)— The flag-
stones with which the walks round and
between the fountains at the head of the
Serpentine were paved last summer came
from the Duke of York's School, Chelsea.
The flagstones from Christ's Hospital,
Newgate Street, hallowed by the footsteps
of Lamb and Coleridge, were bought privately,
and are now, for the most part, at New
Place, Haslemere. SYLVIOLA.
ANGLO-IRISH " VEIN " : ' THE WANDER-
ING NAG.' — There exists an Irish poem,
fairly common in manuscripts, bearing the
title ' Eachtra chapuill an chuimin ' (i.e.,
* Adventures of the Horse of the Common ' ),
which is supposed to contain certain cryptic
political allusions, the key to which is now
lost. Tradition asserts that it was written
by a certain Denis Murphy in 1692.
In the manuscript copies it is often accom-
panied by an English verse translation,
entitled ' The Wandering Nag,' which was
made by John Collins, a well-known Irish
poet, in 1810. I am not aware, that either
the Irish or the English version has ever
appeared in print. In Collins' s translation
the following couplet occurs : —
And sunk in Bleantir's vast extensive marsh
In veins and sloughs and quaginires to his arse.
The English reader \\ill at once notice
the unfamiliar use of " veins." As a matter
of fact, the line is tautological, for " vein "
here no doubt represents the Irish feitht
which, besides its usual meaning " vein,"
can also mean " swamp."
It is interesting, however, to note that
the word feith does not appear in the original
Irish, the translation — at all times loose —
at this point bearing but little relation to the
original. It seems fair, therefore, to assume
that in the early nineteenth century " vein "
was currently used in the Anglo-Irish of some
districts in the sense of " swamp." It will
be interesting to see whether the ' Oxford
Dictionary ' will record instances of this
usage.
This particular meaning of feith, though
duly recorded in Dinneen's dictionary, is not,
I understand, generally familiar to Irish
speakers, and I am acquainted with only
one passage in Irish printed literature where
it occurs. In a poem by Father English
(a Franciscan friar who died about 1776),
printed at p. 71, of John O' Daly's ' Irish
Miscellany,' occurs the line : —
an bhuidhe san bhfeith 'snaheirnhgheag leanbhuicle-
i.e., " the yellow (cow) in the bog and the
children a-bawling."
I owe this translation of the line to my
friend Canon F. O'Connell. W. J. P.
" SECURE ARMS."" — Referring to this
military phrase in the ' Oxford English
Dictionary,' under secure, v., 2 h, I quote
the following from ' The Complete Drill
Serjeant,' 2nd ed., 1798, p. 17, where a
coloured print of the posture is also given : —
"Secure Arms. — Three motions. .. .3d. Bring
the firelock briskly down under the left arm ;
the lock to be well secured by the arm."
It was always the left arm. W. S.
" NIB " = SEPARATE PEN-POINT. — The
' N.E.D.' under nib, 2 b, gives : "A separate
pen-point, now usually made of steel, intended
for fitting into a pen-holder." I have the
impression that this extended use of nib
was qualified as vulgar in my presence. At
any rate, it does not seem to be old, to go
by the references ; and the one quoted from
'N. & Q.' (1899), "Nowadays nearly all
ask for 'nibs' when they require pens,"
has a dash ot dissatisfaction on the part of
the writer at a pen being called a nib. Is
there perhaps a dissension between the old
and the young generation ? Whether the
development is a gain may be called in
question, as, owing to it; a nib can have
two nibs. G. KRUEGER.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S HORSES : THEIR
NAMES. — In the Historical MSS. Commission' s
Report on the Cecil MSS. (vol. viii. p. 417)
is "A note of such horses as are in the
stable " of Queen Elizabeth, dated October,
1598, which gives Grey Pocle and Black
Wilford as the names of those " for he.-
Ma ties saddell." The names of others were,
Rone Howard, White Howard, Grey Fytton
("for Mlis Fytton "), Bay Compton, White
Smythyfyld, Bay Dormer, Grey Marcom,
Grey Bellowes, Grey North, Bay Ognoll, Bay
ii s. m. MAY 6, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
347
Egerton, Bay Osborne, Dun Howard, and
Grey Frome. The note was endorsed by
Edward Reynolds, secretary of the Earl
of Essex. A. F. R.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" S E G u N D o " — In Whyte - Melville's
'Market Harborough,' chap, xvii., is the
following passage : —
"How rapidly a moderate galloper, with a fine
mouth, and quick upon his legs, can slip over a
country compared with an animal that may have
the pace of a racehorse, but requires a segundo
bridle, and a hundred-acre field to turn him in."
What is the meaning of segundo, and what
other examples are there of its use in English ?
It looks like the Spanish segundo, second (a
second or extra bridle?); but appearances
may be deceptive. HENRY BRADLEY.
Oxford.
REV. THOMAS DELAFIELD'S MANU-
SCRIPTS.— There are in the Bodleian Library
at Oxford a number of manuscripts which
were written by the Rev. Thomas Delafield
and had been part of the Gough collection.
At 5 S. vi. 165, in an article on Delafield's
manuscripts, W. C. B. says that five manu-
script volumes by Joseph and T. Delafield
were offered for sale in 1876 by T. Hayes
of 49, Cross Street, Manchester. He also
states that in 1874 Mr. John Skinner of the
West Riding Treasurer's office, Wakefield,
Yorkshire, had a manuscript book written by
Thomas Delafield, relating to church bells
and other matters of church interest. Can
any one tell me what has become of the
five manuscript volumes offered for sale at
Manchester, and something about their
character and contents ?
The Delafield manuscripts at the Bodleian
Library have often been quoted for local
historical reference ; and if there are five
more manuscripts, these may also contain
much of local historical interest.
JOHN Ross DELAFIELD.
New York.
SANCTUARY RINGS. — The recent attack
made by Dr. Cox, in his ' Sanctuaries and
Sanctuary Seekers,' on the popular belief
that these rings were in some way associated
with the rights of sanctuary, makes it
desirable that all known facts connected
with their origin and use should be more
carefully examined. Makenzie Walcott in the
Transactions of the Royal Institute of British
Architects, vol. xi. p. 53, describes the thing
as " a ring which the fugitive clung to, as
at Durham and at Cologne, where there was
an inscription ' Hie stetit magnus reus.' "
Unfortunately, he does not give the name
of the church at Cologne to which he refers,
and for this I am seeking.
J. TAVENOR-PERRY.
5, Burlington Gardens, Chiswick, W.
JAMES BALLANTYNE'S KELSO PRESS. —
This eminent printer, the friend of Sir Walter
Scott, while in Kelso printed and published
two well-known books : —
Lewis, ' Tales of Terror.'
Scott, 'The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border', vols.
i. and ii.
Two other volumes printed by Ballantyne
while at Kelso have just come into my
hands : —
Douglas, 'Journey from Berne to England,' 1802.
' The History o' the Families o' the Farmers arid
the Lightbodies,' 1802.
Do any of your readers know of further
books printed by Ballantyne while at
Kelso ? JOHN GRANT.
Edinburgh.
JUNIUS'S LETTERS TO GEORGE GREN-
VILLE AND LORD CHATHAM. — Have the
anonymous letters, signed C., to George
Grenville, which are printed in vol. iv. of
' The Grenville Papers,' been carefully
examined in recent years with a view to ascer-
tain whether they are in the handwriting
of Junius ? Apparently, the anonymous
letter to Lord Chatham was penned by " The
Great Unknown " ; but I do not remember
whether C. W. Dilke was satisfied as to
the authorship of the Grenville epistles.
Where are the original manuscripts ?
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
HANNAH MORE PORTRAITS. — I am anxious
to discover the whereabouts of two paintings
of Hannah More : the one painted of her at
the age of 29 by the sister of Sir Joshua
Reynolds — Miss Reynolds — and one painted
by Opie when she was about 41, which
was in the possession of Mrs. Boscawen,
widow of Admiral Boecawen, till about 1804.
Neither of these is in the National Gallery,
but I have seen reproductions of them in
memoirs of Hannah More. I believe the
one by Miss Reynolds was formerly in the
possession of Lady Olivia Sparrow.
I shall be greatly obliged if readers of
' N. & Q.' can help me in the matter.
ANNETTE M. B. MEAKIX.
348
NOTES AND QUERIES.
s. in. MAY e, mi,
ADMIRAL VEBNON AND OAKENDEAN, COW-
FOLD. — This Easter I was staying with
my friend Mr. G. S. Brown of Oakendean,
near Cowfold, one of the oldest houses in
that part of Sussex, and in the grounds I
discovered the keystone of a doorway lying
half -hidden in a flower bed. On scraping it I
found an excellent carved figure in high relief,
of an admiral of the period of the middle of the
eighteenth century. In his right hand he
carried an admiral's baton, in the left a
cocked hat. He had on a laced coat, ruffles,
and high-heeled shoes. Before him was a
cannon with smoke issuing from the mouth.
Round it was carved AD. VEBNON, and it is
no doubt a portrait of the victor of Porto
Bello.
Can any of your readers tell me if he had
any connexion with Oakendean ? Accord-
ing to the ' D.N.B.' he died at his seat,
Nacton near Ipswich, on 30 October, 1757 ;
but it is clear from the architecture that
the keystone was at one period part of the
house. WILLIAM BULL.
ROBEBT ROLLO GlLLESPIE AT VELLOBE.
A picture illustrating the above incident
was exhibited & few years ago at the Royal
Academy. Would the painter or present
owner be good enough to communicate with
me ? (COL.) H. W. PEABSE, D.S.O.
58, Elm Park Gardens, S.W.
MADAME D'ABBLAY AND DISBAELI. — Can
any reader of ' N. & Q.' say whether the
letter mentioned by Disraeli in ' Home
Letters, 1830-52,' has ever been published ?
His own letter is dated 5 July, 1832 : —
• " ' Contarini ' seems universally liked, but moves
slowly. The staunchest admirer I have in London,
and the most discerning appreciate! of * Contarini,'
is old Madame D'Arblay. I have a long letter,
which I will show you.— Capital."
BATHAMPTON.
CHUBCH BBIEFS. — Can some one tell me
how moneys collected on a brief in 1650-
1700 would have been transmitted ? In the
brief books of a village in Kent one collection
(26 Feb., 1698) is "for Derby Court in
Westminster." What is likely to have
been the reason for that, as most of the
collections are for churches, redemption of
slaves, or losses by fire ? C. F. YONGE.
FBANCIS FAMILY. — I shall be very much
obliged to any one who will refer me to
books and papers where I may get some
genealogical information about the Francis
family, its origin and connexions.
J. S. FBANCIS JACKSON.
Dallymount, Dublin.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Whence comes the following ?
In good sooth, my masters, this is no door. Yet
is it a little window, that looketh upon a great
world.
EMEBITUS.
I wish to learn the author of the lines on
Dickens' s ' Christmas Carol ' : —
And God did bless him, if the prayers and tears
Of countless thousands : if the knowledge sure
Of heart uplift, &e.
I. X. B.
SIB T. LAWBENCE'S SKETCH OF MBS.
LINLEY. — So long ago as 1859 a query was
inserted by C. J. in ' N. & Q.' (2 S. viii. 69)
respecting a pen-and-ink sketch by Sir
Thomas Lawrence representing a very stout
lady, seated, wearing spectacles, and with
a fan in her hand. The querist stated that
he had been informed by his mother that
the sketch was made by Lawrence when, as
a young man, he used to give lessons in
drawing, and that it was a good representa-
tion of Mrs. Linley as she used to appear
in her box at the theatre.
No answer appeared at the time ; but as
several of the present contributors to
' N. & Q.' are well versed in the early history
of the English stage, I hope that I may
yet learn something of the drawing.
C. B.
KELSEY FAMILY OF HANTS. — Can any
reader say whence came John Kelsey, who
lived at a fine old mansion called Fiddle-
worth, near Broughton in Hampshire, in
the seventeenth century ? He was father
of John Kelsey of New College, Oxford,
who matriculated there 14 August, 1676,
aged 18, B.A. in 1680 (Foster's * Alumni
Oxonienses '). He died unmarried shortly
after, and lies buried beside his father at
Bassington, which is the parish church of
Piddleworth. F. H. SUCKLING.
Highwood, Romsey.
GLOUCESTEBSHIBE BOOKSELLEBS. — I shall
be glad of the titles of any books bearing
the name of Toby Jordan, bookseller of
Gloucester, on the title-page. The only one
I know is entitled " Little Timothe his
Lesson : Or, A Summarie relation of the
Historicall part of holy Scripture by
E[dmund] G[raile] .... Third impression.
London, Printed by Aug. Mathewes for
lohn Grismond, and are to be sold by Toby
lorden in Glocester, 1632." The first im-
pression was published in 1611, and no copy
of the second appears in the B. M. Cat.
of Books printed before 1640. Toby Jordan
n s. m. MAY e, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
349
took a prominent part in the affairs of
Gloucester during the siege, was an active
supporter of the refusal to surrender in
accordance with the summons sent by
Charles I. on 10 August, 1643, and one of the
two bearers selected to convey the city's
message to the King in the Tredworth Fields.
He became Sheriff in 1644, and Mayor in
1659. I should also be glad to have the
names of any Gloucestershire booksellers,
of whom there is printed evidence before
1680, other than those of Jordan and J.
Barksdale. I have evidence of the latter
being in business in Cirencester in the year
named. ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
CHURCH OF ENGLAND c. 1750. — I shall
be glad if any readers of ' N. & Q.' can tell
me the title of a book of which 30 pages
are in the Wallasey Reference Library, and
where I can see a copy of it. It is a quarto
volume, and is apparently an official return
of all the bishoprics, cathedrals, benefices,
chapelries, &c., of the Church of England.
The portion in the library here consists of
pp. 567 to 596, and comprises the whole of
the old diocese of Chester, with portions of
Carlisle and Durham. The benefices are
given, with their patrons and proprietors,
under four headings : Livings remaining in
charge ; Livings discharged ; Not in charge ;
Chapels, Donatives, and Curacies. At the
left-hand side are printed the values, and
at the right-hand side the yearly tenths.
As the book mentions St. Thomas's Church,
Liverpool, as consecrated 1750, and does
not refer to St. Mary's, Deansgate, Man-
chester, erected in 1756, it was apparently
published some time between those dates.
I desire to consult the particulars relating
to the Southern dioceses, especially Wor-
cester. T. GLYNN.
Liscard, Cheshire.
DRAWING THE ORGAN : COPES. — In the
parish accounts of St. Columb in Corn-
wall for 1585, mixed up with such items as
" paid for hanging a fire bell 6/8," " for
keeping a poor child for a fortnight 12rf.."
and " payd to Wm. Callway for his hellpe
in the quire," is an item " payd to Jo.
Bennye for drauing thorganes 12rf."
What is " drawing 51 the organ ? Is the
expression equivalent to what we now call
playing the organ ?
The following extract represents another
item of fairly frequent occurrence from 1584
to 1587 :—
"Due for Copes. — Richard Vyvyan of St.
Meryn oweth unto this p'isshe for the rest of
c'tein Copes before this tyme solde unto him by
the said p'isshioners and tooke daye on St.
Androwes daye 1584 to paye the saide rest being
then iii11 ix8 by 20" yerelye untill the said 3" 9«
be satisfyed in full payment for the debt for the
said Copes/
"Receavyd of Richard Wattes die et a° q' supra
for the debt of Richard Vyvyan and now due
XXs."
I do not think this can have any reference
to the sale of the " superstitious " properties
of the church. The parish had a stock of
cows and sheep which it let out, but this is
the only evidence I find of any actual
trading in ther way of sale. What are
" copes " in this connexion ? YGREC.
ROBERT DE VALLE. — According to Owen's
' Old Pembroke Families,' he was one of the
leading men in Pembrokeshire in the reign
of Edward I. In ' Cartse Baroniae de
Kernes ' (Arch. Camb., 1862), p. 27, mention
is made of "an indenture between Robert
de Valle and Thomas Warlagh of lands in
Redwalles and Morvil.' ' A reference number-
is given, viz., " libr. pargameni, fol. 50."
Can any one tell me whether this " parch-
ment book " still exists, or where particu-
lars of the indenture referred to may be
seen ? G. H. W.
STAFFORDSHIRE CHARTER c. 1180 : CAME-
RARIUS OF PARISH CHURCH. — In a
Staffordshire charter of 1180, or perhaps
earlier, two of the witnesses are Ysabel
Panton and Mold (Maud) de Nomi (?). The
same deed mentions a certain " Herbertus
Camerarius Altaris de Lawton." Who were
the ladies, and what was the Camerarius
of a parish church ? C. SWYNNERTON.
SCOTS Music. — What are the historical
grounds for Robert Fergusson's ' Elegy '
on ' Scots Music ' ? Was there an actual
decline in the art at his date ? Like the
late Prof. Blackie, he laments the
Crabbit queer variety
Of sounds fresh sprung from Italy.
W. B.
SAMPSON FAMILY OF YORKSHIRE. — Th0
Rev. George Sampson was Rector of Leven
near Hull, also owner of Walkington Grange
near Leven. One of his daughters married
Lord de Blaquiere, and another (born in
1810) Benjamin Cpllett, J.P., of Grafton
Manor, Worcestershire. Any information con-
cerning the above Rev. G. Sampson and
his family will be appreciated.
H. COLLETT.
137, Hamlet Gardens Mansions,
Ravenscourt Park, W.
350
NOTES AND QUERIES. m B. in. MAY e, 1911.
FISHING IN FRESH WATER IN
CLASSICAL TIMES.
(11 S. iii. 249.)
THE locus classicus in Latin literature for
fishing in a river with rod and line is the
passage (245 sqq.) in Ausonius's tenth Idyll,
* Mosella,' written about 370 A.D. There
is an English prose version of these lines by
Sir Richard Jebb in Jebb, Jackson, and
Currey's ' Translations.' The younger Pliny
in describing (' Epistles,' Bk. IX. vii. 4)
a villa of his that stood on the shore of the
Lake of Como tells a friend that it is possible
to throw a line from one of the rooms, and
almost from the sofa. ^Elian (3rd cent. A.D.)
in Bk. XV. chap. i. of his Ilepi £oxoi/ 1810x17x05
gives a curious account of fishing with an arti-
ficial fly on a river in Macedonia, a practice
evidently looked on as something strange.
He explains how the flies are made. The rod
used, according to ^Elian, was 6 feet, and
the line of the same length. Sidonius
(5th cent. A.D.), writing from his wife's
estate at Aydat, Puys de Dome (Epist. II.
ii. 12), mentions the setting of night-lines in
a lake. His twenty-first poem, * De Piscibus
nocte captis,' was written to accompany a
present of fish caught in this way.
Greek philosophers have said some hard
things about " the contemplative man's
recreation." Plato, close to the end of the
seventh book of his ' De Legibus,' puts in the
mouth of the Athenian stranger a prayer
that young men may not take to any form
of fishing or fowling. The passage of
Plutarch ('Moralia,' 965, E — 966s) where
Plato's view is cited and reinforced is referred
to by Burton : —
44 Plutarch in his book ' Ds solert. animal.' speaks
against all fishing, as a filthy, base, illiberal employ-
ment, having neither wit nor perspicacity in it, nor
worth the labour."— ' Anat. of Melancholy,' II. ii. 4.
EDWARD BENSLY.
That the Anglo-Romans, fished in the
Thames with either a simple line or a rod
and line is certain, if we may judge by the
bronze fishing-hooks found in the black mud
of the " Roman level " on the banks of the
Thames. Several examples of these hooks are
in the City Museum, and I myself possessed
two which I saw dug up during excavations.
An illustration of a double bronze fish-
hook with barbs, and having a strand of
thin twisted wire still attached to the loop,
will be found in the admirable catalogue
of the antiquities preserved in the collection
at the Guildhall (plate xxviii. 16).
In classical Roman times the lamprey
(murcena) and the char (scarus) were laid on
the table to the sound of the flute. As to
the former see Hor., ' Satires,' II. 8, 42,
Effertur squillas inter mursena natantes,"
referred to by Prof. Fuss in his ' Roman
Antiquities,' 1840 (trans.).
The Romans were accustomed to annex
fish-ponds to their villas. Pollux, as quoted
by Fosbroke in his * Ency. Antiq.,' gives a
list of the instruments and customs as to
fresh-water fishing as well as sea-fishing.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
I fully expected to find an exhaustive
article on the subject in Smith's ' Dictionary
of Greek and Roman Antiquities,' but was
disappointed. In Calepini, ' Dictionarium
Decem Linguarum,' however, I found the
following references : —
" Miles erat gladio, piscator arundine sumpta."-
Ovidius, 14 ' Metamorphos.'
"Piscatoria linea."— Plin., Lib. 24, cap. 9.
So we have allusions here to the rod and
to the line. L. L. K.
In Walton's ' Complete Angler ' reference
is made to an amusing story, told by Plutarch,
of a trick played by Cleopatra on Antony
while fishing. Evidently angling in fresh
water without much success, Antony secretly
commanded his servants to attach fish to his
hook in order that he might shine in the eyes
of his mistress. Becoming aware of the
trick, "Cleopatra, on a subsequent day, bribed
the servants to affix to Antony's hook a
salt water fish, thereby covering him with
ridicule. The incident is related in Plutarch's
' Life of Antony.' S. S. W.
ABNOLFINI FAMILY (11 S. iii. 147, 217). —
Thanks to the kindness of Signer Alfredo
Caselli, I am now in a position to supply MB.
BBOCKWELL with the concluding lines of
the inscription commemorating the Arnolfini
who lived and died in the palazzo of his
family situated in the Via del Duomo at
Lucca : —
Qui visse
Gio. Attilio Arnolfini
uomo di vasta mente e di larghi concetti
versatissimo nella scienza delle acque
contenne il Serchio con salde scogliere
dal devastare le adiacenti campagne
altre grandi opere diviso' intorno al fiume
a regolare gli scoli della pianura
a bonificare le terre della marina
le difficolta dei tempi impedirono i disegni
del patrizio sapiente
MDCCXXXIII— MDCCLXXXXI.
H s. in. MAY e. ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
3ol
My friend and correspondent Signer
Placido • Campetti, Chief Director of the
Lucca Pinacoteca, says Arnolfini embanked
the Serchio,' and projected changing the
river-bed at Nozzano, and removing the
stream into the hollow ground at Massa-
ciuccoli, near Viareggio. Scoli in line 8
should be scogli, and means rocks or boulders.
I can recommend readers to purchase
a copy of the photograph of the Van Eyck
picture in the National Gallery just finished
by Signor Morelli, who is a marvel of
juvenility. He tells me he is now 91 years
of age. WILLIAM MERCER.
PAWPER OR PAUPER BIRD (11 S. iii. 89,
216, 290). — It does not seem possible to
accept as correct PROF. SKEAT'S obiter
dictum, " Hence it was not really a British
bird, but imported (probably from France,")
in view of the quotation I gave from the
" Acte for preservacon of Grayne," cap. 15,
8 Eliz. (1560), for this specifically refers to
" the building or breeding of any kynde of
Hawkes, Herons, Egryttes, Paupers, Swannes,
or Shovelers." This clearly shows that the
bird built and bred over here, and as such
is " really a British bird."
Regarding popelle, the entry in Godefroy
is meagre in the extreme : —
"Popelle, s.f., nom d'oiseau. Alunbes (I. palun-
!>es?) popdles. Gloss, de Neck., MS. Bruges.
Scheler, Lex. p. 98."
Without the whole of the passage one has
no grounds, beyond Godefroy's statement,
for saying even that popelle is a bird. If
one reads palunbes, that means wood pigeons,
of which there are clearly plenty in England,
and it may be that popelles was intended as
a synonym, but there is no evidence to this
effect. As a matter of fact, popelle was a
term applied to the fur of a squirrel in
springtime, so that perhaps the passage
quoted may be referring only to wood
pigeons and squirrels. But there is no
evidence upon which to form anything except
a conjectural opinion.
' Turner on Birds ' was consulted before
sending my reply. There is no information
therein about pawper. The translation is
by A. H. Evans, and not " E. H. Evans,"
as given by L. L. K. JOHN HODQKIN.
"C" AND "T" INTERCHANGED (11 S.
iii. 229). — The interchange of c and t is
sometimes due to misreading, the letters
often being exactly alike in mediaeval
writing. But the interchange of the hard
c or k sound with that of t is due to the
proximity of the vocal organs that produce
the two sounds. Hence the palatal k may
be produced by mistake for the lingual t,
or vice versa. Children will say " likkle "
for " little," and " tat " for " cat."
The same interchange is familiar in Hebrew
grammar. Thus the last syllable of 'dnokht,
'I," appears as i in the verb qatal-ti,
' I have killed." The second syllable of
attd,' " thou," appears as khd in karmekJia,
" thy vineyard."
Sounds of the same or of adjacent organs
are the most likely to be interchanged ;
thus Taffy for David (it is too much trouble
to pronounce the final consonant, so it
drops out), Billy for Willy, the Cockney
v and w, &c. Children will substitute the
dental s for the lingual th, and drop a more
difficult sound altogether, saying " pitty
ikkle sing " for " pretty little thing." The
dialect of the nursery is indeed full of
philological interest. J. T. F.
Winterton, Doncaster.
Changes between consonants in the same
order are common, but it is not usual for
a guttural, as k, or a dental, as t, to inter-
change. Yet they sometimes do, especially
in unstressed syllables. Robert Louis
Stevenson says : " The change from t to k
is the disease of the Polynesian tongues."
So in English dialects " beacon " may
become " beaton," as " pancake " becomes
"pancate" ('E.D.D.'). Conversely "in-
mate" may become " inmake," as Fr.
bateau becomes bakyo in Guernsey-Norman.
Several instances of this change will be
found in Moliere's dialect-speech ; as
s'esquiant for s'etant, amiquie for amitie,
jesquions for jettons (' Festin de Pierre ').
In literary languages interchange between
c and t is due generally to a choice of one of
the two consonants when combined. Thus
from L. agere, actum, come It. atto, azione ;
Sp., Fr., Eng. accion, action; Prov. acioun.
A primitive hard g gives rise either to t, ts,
or to kst s. EDWARD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
ARMS OP THE ARCHBISHOPS OF YORK
(11 S. ii. 426). — Old as the arms mentioned
by ST. SWITHIN, namely, those borne by
Robert Waldby, Archbishop of York, in
1397, undoubtedly are, yet, heraldically
speaking, they are but " modern."
The " ancient " arms of the archiepiscopal
see of York were virtually the same as those
now borne by the see of Canterbury, with
a " difference " in the number of crosses
patee fitchees on the pall — five instead of
four. The same slight " difference " also
352
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. MAY 6, 1911.
exists in the arms of the Archbishops of
Armagh and of Dublin, Armagh having four
crosses like Canterbury, and Dublin five like
York. There is a further difference in
that in the two English sees the shaft of the
crosier or staff is or, and the cross pa tee at
the top is argent, whilst in the two Irish
sees these tinctures are reversed.
A reference to the excellent illustrations
in colour of these arms in the late Rev. Dr.
Woodward's important work on ' Ecclesi-
astical Heraldry ' (1894) will show this more
clearly. But in his reading, or heraldic
description, of the arms of the see of Canter-
bury (p. 172) the learned author wrongly
interprets the tinctures of the crosier as
given in the illustration (plate xx. fig. 1),
which he transposes. And this is impliedly
so in the case of those of York, which are
in this respect the same. At least both
cannot be correct. Boutell in his descrip-
tion of them in * Heraldry, Historical and
Popular' (1864), p. 358, confirms the
illustration.
In recording the present arms used by the
see of York — Gules, two keys addorsed in
saltire, the wards upwards, argent, in chief
a royal crown proper — Dr. Woodward con-
firms what ST. SWITHIN has stated, namely,
that these bearings appear as early as the
seal of Archbishop Robert Waldby (1397-8),
though the crown, he states, is more pro-
perly the Papal tiara ; and he goes on to
say that the same archbishop had, how-
ever, the ancient arms impaling his personal
coat. These ancient arms were : Azure,
a crosier or episcopal staff in pale argent,
ensigned with a cross patee or, surmounted
by a pall — throughout, edged and fringed
gold, and charged with five crosses patee
fitchees sable.
Dr. Woodward makes no reference to
any earlier date for the assumption of a
fcrm of the later arms, as suggested by
ST. S WITHIN' s reference to The Windsor
Magazine for October last, namelv, temp.
Edward I.
When the pallium arms were first used by
the see of York is not known, but the almost
identical ones of Canterbury are stated by
Dr. Woodward (p. 172) to appear first
on the seal of Archbishop Simon Islip (1349-
1366) ; so that unless these ancient arms
were borne by the see of York (which is the
oldest see in England) earlier than this
date, the period during which they lasted
could not have been very long.
Boutell puts the change at a much later
date, namely, not until the Reformation,
for he says (p. 358) : " The arms of the see
of York were originally the same as Canter-
bury. The change was mede about A.D.
1540."
It will be seen that these four several
archiepiscopal sees — Canterbury, York
(ancient), Armagh, and Dublin— all bore
the pallium, charged with crosses patee
fitchees, as their arms.
Much interesting information is supplied
by Dr. Woodward in his book (pp. 112-18)
as to the history and use of the pallium,
which, he states, was at first given only as
an honorary distinction, and became after
the seventh century a badge the acceptance
of which implied the acknowledgment of
the supremacy of the see of Rome. In the
Latin Church the distinguishing vestment
of an archbishop was the pallium or pall
which corresponded to the (O//,O</>O/HOV of
ecclesiastics in the Greek Church, and both
alike were probably derived from a, reduced
survival of the old Roman toga, worn as an
official badge by civil magistrates.
J. S. UDAL, F.S.A.
Antigua, W.I.
REMARKABLE ECHOES (11 S. iii. 189). —
One of the finest echoes I know is by Grise-
dale Tarn, between Helvellyn and St.
Sunday .crags. A high rock split into three
divisions overlooks the tarn on the Helvel-
lyn side, and I have heard three or four
words shouted under it echoed distinctly
three times or more — from the crags opposite,
from Seat Sandal, and, I suppose, from
Fairfield. C. C. B.
There is, so far as I am aware, no list of
places in the United Kingdom where echoes
may be heard. A section on ' Famous
Echoes ' in Hartwig's ' Aerial World,' 1894,
probably goes far outside the United King-
dom. Among notable echoes those at the
Lakes of Killarney must not be forgotten.
At the "Windy Gowl," Kinnoul parish,
Perthshire, there is an echo which dis-
tinctly repeats a syllable several times.
Another repeating echo may be heard at the
Loch of Monivaird, Ochtertyre, in the same
county. In the parish of Contin, Ross-
shire, there is an echo said to be unequalled
except by one in the island of Staffa, and
another in Wales. W. S. S.
H. J. Rose's * Biographical Dictionary '
gives the following : —
" Adarai (Ernest D., b. 1716), a Pole, who studied
music and divinity. He wrote a volume on a
curious subject — on the threefold echo at the
entrance of the forest of Aderbpch, in Bohemia.
It was published, in German, at Lipnitz, 1750."
LIONEL SCHANK.
us. m. MAY 6, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
353
WARWICK LANE AND ITS HISTORICAL
ASSOCIATIONS (11 S. iii. 121, 193, 250).—
My old friend who has inherited one A the
forty manors I alluded to ante, p. 193,
wishes me to thank COL. PRIDEAUX for his
courteous observations, and careful distinc-
tion between the Tibetot and Montacute
estates, which had been confused somewhat
by my friend and myself.
All of these manors — Sawston Hall near
Cambridge, and Rainham in Norfolk, in-
clusive— belonged to Joan, second daughter
of Tibetot, E.prl of Worcester, whose daughter
Lady Isabella Ingaldethorp married John
Xevill, first Marquis of Montague or Monta-
cute. The deed of partition dated 17 Henry
VII., and mentioned by me, is still in the
possession of the present owner of Sawston
Hall, one of the Nevill manors in question.
t is signed and sealed, first by Sir Adrian
Fortescue and Ann his wife ; secondly,
by Elizabeth, Lady Scrope ; thirdly, by
Sir John Mortimer and Mary his wife ;
fourthly, by Sir Anthony Browne and Lucy
his wife ; and w is to remain in the posses-
sion of Sir William Huddleston and his wife
Isabella. The above wives were the five
daughters and coheiresses of the first Marquis
of Montague spoken of by COL. PRIDEAUX.
Sir Edmund Huddleston, great-grandson
of the said Sir William, sold the manor of
Pvainham in 1543 to Sir Roger Townshend,
the ancestor of the present Marquis Towns-
hend.
Huddleston was occasionally spelt Hodel-
ston in old times, and a noteworthy scion
of the family was the favourite Privy
Councillor of Queen Mary (Tudor). This
Sir John Huddleston, grandson of Sir
William, sheltered Queen Mary at Sawston
Hall on her flight to Framlingham in Norfolk.
The Hall was burnt down by Northumber-
land's supporters, and afterwards restored
by Mary to the picturesque state in which
t now remains. It is 7 miles from Cam-
bridge. WILLIAM MERCER.
SIMON DE MONTFORT: TRANSLATION OF
FRENCH POEM (11 S. iii. 229, 297).— If I
recollect right, another verse translation of
the poem (I believe by Prof. Gilbert Murray)
will be found in a little volume entitled
King and Baronage,' by the Rev. W. H.
Hutton, published by Nutt in a series called
English History from the Sources." The
refrain, I remember, ended with
The Earl Montfort, whose evil sort the land shall
long deplore.
L. R. M. STRACHAN.
Heidelberg.
REV. MR. GARRARD (11 S. iii. 227).— I
would venture to suggest that Straff ord's
correspondent may have been John Gerard
the Jesuit (1564-1637), who wrote a narrative
of the Gunpowder Plot. After escaping from
the Tower, he became Rector of Louvain,
1609. He was the first Rector of Liege,
1614-22; and Director of the English
College, Rome, from 1627 until his death.
Row TAY.
SONNETS BY RAFAEL (11 S. iii. 208, 297).—
The translation of a sonnet by Rafael will
be found at p. 224 of Mr. Samuel Wadding-
ton's ' Collected Poems,' published by Messrs.
Bell & Sons in 1902. The original sonnet is
said to be inscribed on one of Rafael's draw-
ings now exhibited at the British Museum,
and begins : —
Un pensier dolce erimbrare e godo
Di quello assalto.
There appear to be only two other sonnets
by Rafael in existence, so far as is known,
and they are of such inferior quality as to
be quite unworthy of the great artist.
S. K. SEYMOUR.
Upper Montagu Street, W.
ALEXANDER CUNNINGHAM, R.N. (11 S
iii. 289). — There was a James Cunningham
in the Royal Navy, who received his com-
mission as lieutenant 22 February, 1743/4.
On 1 April, 1761, he was second in command
of the Iris (Capt. Ed. Wheeler) of 50 guns,
when, off Cape Tres Forcas, she fell in with
and took the Oresflame of 40 guns. Early
in this action Capt. Wheeler was killed, there-
upon Lieut. Cunningham took command ;
and owing to his behaviour, Vice- Admiral
Saunders gave him the command of the
Oresflame and recommended him for pro-
motion. In December of the same year he
received his captaincy and was appointed
to the Tryal sloop of 14 guns, which he com-
manded until the conclusion of the war
in 1763. His name does not again appear
on the active list, and apparently he was
the only Capt. Cunningham in the Navy
at that period. Tnere were two lieutenants
named Thomas Cunningham, who entered
the Navy 6 October, 1744, and 16 February,
1746/7, respectively ; but they do not appear
to have attained the rank of captain.
This Capt. Cunningham may therefore
prove to be the f ether of Capt. Alexander
Cunningham, R.N., who was a lieutenant
on board the America (Capt. Kirk) during
the battle in Lagos Bay on 17 August,
1759. Two days later his ship was sent
by Admiral Boscawen to burn the Ocean
354
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY G, ion.
of 94 guns (commanded by M. de la Clue,
the French admiral), which had run ashore ;
this task he is said to have performed with
his own hands (Gent. Mag., 1799, p. 260).
On 24 June, 1791, the following marriage
took place at Edinburgh : '* Capt. Alex.
Cunningham of the Royal Navy to Miss
Jane Scott, dau. of the late Dr. Jn. Scott of
Coats " (Gent. Mag.}. This marriage may
refer to Alex. Cunningham, R.N., who
entered tne Navy circa 1770, although he
was not promoted tc the rank of Commander
until 1805, and to that of post-captain until
1812.
Capt. Alexander Cunningham died at
Anstruther 12 March, 1799, and in the
notice in Gent. Mag. he is described as of
Pitarthie. It states that he " behaved
very gallantly in the last two wars, having
been in no fewer than 1 7 line - of- battle
engagements." It would not appear that
he was in the Russian service, as this fact
would probably have been mentioned in the
above notice. F. M. R. HOLWORTHY.
Bickley, Kent.
AMERICAN WORDS AND PHRASES (11 S.
ii. 67, 132, 193).— MR. THORNTON asks if
the mud-wasp has been separately recog-
nized by entomologists. It was impossible
for me to respond when the query appeared
in ' N. & Q.,' but I may now say that the
mud-wasp, also called the mud-dauber, is
very common in North America, and is
classified in all books treating of wasps.
It belongs to the family of the Sphegidse,
and until recently was classed as of the genus
Pelopaeus, but in the latest books its genus is
now called Sceliphron. A very good picture
of this wasp can be found in ' The Century
Dictionary,' s.v. ' Mud-dauber.' M. C. L.
New York.
MANSEL FAMILY (US. ii. 269, 533 ; iii.
151, 215). — As I fully stated whence my notes
were derived, I cannot be supposed to be
one of those who perpetuate what MR.
D. P. MAUNSELL describes as ancient mis-
takes.
The pedigrees, as stated, were the work
of no novice. The fine collection of docu-
ments in the possession of Miss Talbot
(1894) was printed by Mr. F. G. T. Clark,
F.S.A.", in the third volume of ' Cartae et
alia Munimenta de Glamorgan.' The docu-
ments were deciphered by Dr. Walter de Gray
Birch of the British Museum. Rafe Brook,
who was created York Herald 16 March,
1592, drew up one of the two pedigrees,
which were worked up from original charters,
writings, and documents preserved among
the Penrice MSS. in the Record Office.
A great deal more might be added, but
my only object is to point out that, so far
as my notes are concerned, they have not
then* origin in " ancient mistakes " or
" books full of errors."
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
BURNS AND ' THE WEE WEE GERMAN
LAIRDIE ' (11 S. iii. 286). — I agree with MR.
BAYNE that the late " Ian Maclaren " (Rev.
John M. Watson, D.D.) was mistaken in
connecting Burns with the Jacobite song
known as ' The Wee Wee German Lairdie.'
Cromek's ' Remains of Nithsdale and Gallo-
way Song ' appeared, as has been stated, in
1810, and the same year he edited and pub-
lished ' Select Scottish Songs, Ancient and
Modern ; with Observations and Notices
by Robert Burns,' in 2 vols. In these
volumes every old song that Burns is known
to have touched, revised, or altered is re-
ferred to, but no mention is anywhere
made of ' The Wee Wee German Lairdie.'
The omission proves that Cromek at least
did not connect Burns in any way with the
song which he published for the first time.
I am extremely doubtful, in fact utterly
sceptical, in spite of high authority to the
contrary, as to any version of ' The Wee Wet--
German Lairdie ' earlier than 1810. To
me the song seems much too good to be the
worksmanship of any early eighteenth-
century song-maker. It is generally ad-
mitted that Allan Cunningham, who fur-
nished Cromek with the poems for his
' Remains,' imposed his own compositions on
the publisher. This was well known at tl.e
time to Scott, Hogg, Wilson, Bishop Percy,
and others.
"Who," asks Maginn, "that has any taste for
ballad-poetry, will have let slip from his memory
those beautiful specimens of that style of composi-
tion which, under the pretence of being frag-
ments of Galloway and ISiithsdale songs, were
published by an especial ass of the name of Cromek,
on whom Allan— in that particular not honest
Allen, but about as dishonest as Chatterton— palmed
them as genuine ? "
Possibly in some few instances Cunningham
may have had traditionary fragments on
which to model his songs ; but in the vast
majority of cases this was not so. There
is every reason, therefore, to believe the
version of * The Wee Wee German Lairdie '
given in the ' Remains ' to be wholly the
work of Cunningham. The contemptuou
phrase "wee German laird " may hav
been current in the early eighteenth century,
but in all likelihood the song * The Wee
LV>
he
HIS
,ve
ry.
-
11 s. m. MAY G, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
355
German Lairdie ' was not in existence in the
time of Burns. At all events, in the 1847
-edition of Cunningham's ' Poems and Songs '
his son Peter Cunningham, who edited the
book, expressly claimed ' The Wee Wee
Oerman Lairdie ' as his father's production.
SCOTTJS.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED
(11 S. i. 50, 113, 155, 216).— No. 3 of MR.
DE VILUEBS'S quotations, " Recte faciendo
neminem timeas," looks like a reminiscence
or a variation of the adage
Si tu recta facis, ne cures verba malorum,
given by W. Binder (* Novus Thesaurus
Adagiorum Latinorum ' ) as No. 90 of the
' Monosticha ' of Columbanus. This again
resembles iii. 3 of Dionysius Cato,
Cum recte vivas, ne cures verba inalorum ;
Arbitrii non est nostri, quid quisque loquatur.
As, according to MB. DE •VILLIEBS, his
author "quoted pretty freely — in two senses,"
it may be that no closer identification of
No. 3 is possible. EDWABD BENSLY.
JAMES GBANT OF BENGAL (11 S. iii. 229). —
In bibliographies where his book is men-
tioned he is usually designated " late
Serishtadar of Bengal." The word " Serish-
tadar ' ' is said to mean ' { the head ministerial
officer of a court whose duty it is to receive
plaints, and see that tney are in proper form
and duly stamped ; and generally to attend
to routine business," See the definition in
* Hobson-Jobson,' p. 626, where reference is
made to Mr. Grant's appointment. It is
not known for certain with which of the
numerous Grant families he was connected.
A James Grant graduated at Aberdeen Uni-
versity in 1773. He was a, son of the minister
of Logie-Urquhart, Ross-shire. See ' Officers
and Graduates of University and King's
College, Aberdeen,' edited for the New
Spalding Club by Mr. P. J. Anderson.
Another James Grant from Elginshire gradu-
ated in 1775. W. SCOTT.
4 THE YAHOO ' : WILLIAM WATTS (10 S.
xii. 130, 177, 275). — Since my previous reply
I have been endeavouring to identify Wm.
Watts, the author of ' The Yahoo,' but
without result. I have, however, been
favoured with the following information by
Mr. Chas. W. F. Goss, the learned librarian
of the Bishopsgate Institute.
In TheAgnostic Journal of 5 January, 1889,
p. 14, G. J. Holyoake writes that
"the author of ' The Yahoo' was Watts, William
\Yutts if I remember rightly. He was a watch-
maker or jeweller at Lewes, Sussex where they
burnt ten heretics on gridirons in one day. This
probably gave the author of ' The Yahoo ' a
distaste for Christianity. Watts lived to a good
old age. He is said to have been ninety at his
death, which occurred about 1846.... If any
directory of Lewes exists now, his residence can
be traced. His brother I knew well."
Then Mr. Goss says :—
" Mr. Holyoake had good reason for making
this statement, for I have before me, at the
moment of writing, a letter from Mr. Watts,
lent me by Mrs. Holyoake-Marsh, as follows : —
45, Cirencester Place, Fitzroy Square.
(Undated, but 1846.)
SIB, — Should you have any desire to reprint
the ' Paradise Lost ' by the author of ' The
Yahoo,' I shall have much pleasure in presenting
you with a copy for that purpose.
I am, Sir, yours truly,
W7. WATTS.
" In the Court section of the Post Office
Directory for 1846 the name of William Watts
appears as occupant of 45, Cirencester Place.
This then would probably be the house at which
he died according to Holyoake. The name
does not appear in the 1847 Directory. William
Watts's brother was also well known to Mr.
Holyoake, for when he died he left Mr. Holyoake
a legacy of £20 or £40, but Holyoake writes that
he never had it. It required some legal pro-
cedure to procure, and as he could not take an
oath, he had to let the bequest ' slide.' Between
the years 1843-50 Holyoake and Watts frequently
met each other to drink black tea and smoke, at
the house of the latter ' in a street off Burton
Crescent.' "
Since I received the above information
I have twice searched for the probate of
Watts's will, but without result. Search on
this information has also kindly been made
officially, but the reply is that
" the information furnished is insufficient to
enable it to be "ascertained definitely whether
any grant of representation was obtained to the
deceased. A careful search of the official in-
dices for some years subsequent to the date
suggested leads to the supposition that no such
grant was obtained."
RALPH THOMAS.
THE CONFESSION OF Louis XVI. (11 S.
iii. 185). — Father Francois L. Hebert was a
Eudist, or a member (in fact the Superior)
of the Society of Jesus and Mary, instituted
at Caen 25 March, 1643, by the Blessed Jean
Eudes, and not a Jesuit, as is suggested by
A. B. G.
Father Charles Lebrun, C.J.M., S.T.D.,
Superior of the Holy Heart Seminary, Halifax,
Nova Scotia, writes in ' The Catholic En-
cyclopaedia,' v. 597, as follows : —
" During the French Revolution, three Eudistst
Fathers Hebert, Potier, and Lefranc, perisjied
at Paris in the massacres of September, 1792.
The cause of their beatification with that of some
other victims of September has been introduced
356
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. MAY e, 1911.
in Rome. Father Hebert was the confessor of
King Louis XVI., and shortly before his death
he made the King promise to consecrate his
kingdom to the Sacred Heart if he escaped from
his enemies."
The late Rev. W. Henley Jervis, Pre-
bendary of Heytesbury, in his work entitlec
' The Gallican Church and the Revolution,
gives at pp. 201-2 an account of the massacres
which " was not the result of any accidental
collision or unforeseen effervescence o:
popular passion, but was minutely arrangec
and organized beforehand by persons in
authority." He estimates the priestly
victims at Paris as " something less than
three hundred." They included Archbishop
Jean M. Dulau of Aries, and the two brothers
Francois J. and Pierre Louis De La Roche
foucauld-Bayers, Bishops of Beauvais anc
Saintes. Father Hebert' s place as roya
confessor was taken, as is well known, by
£he Rev. Henry Essex Edgeworth, first
cousin once removed to Richard Lover
Edgeworth, mentioned ante, p. 191.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
CHARADES BY COL. FITZPATRICK (11 S.
iii. 307). — I suggest the following solutions: —
1. In concert, song, or serenade,
My first requires my second's aid.
To those residing near the pole
I would not recommend my whole.
Answer: "Lutestring." The point of the
last two lines is illustrated by this quotation
from Horace Walpole (given in the ' N.E.D.'):
" a pretty lutestring administration, which
would do very well for summer wear."
2. Charades of all things are the worst,
But yet my best have been my first.
Who with my second are concerned
"Will to despise my whole have learned.
Answer : " Hardships."
M. A. M. MACALISTER.
The answer to the first is " Lutestring."
A fairly well-known instance of the mention
of this as a typical material for summer
wear is quoted from Horace Walpole himself
by the ' H.E.D.' It is surprising that Wal-
pole writes in his letter to Conway : " I have
not come within sight, of the easy one."
Lady Upper Ossory's remark that the
second is very difficult should make one
cautious, and Walpole was certainly right
in rejecting " Spelling-book," which at one
time he had thought it might be. For
my own part, I was almost convinced that
the solution was " Versemen." It may be
submitted as a guess. Johnson supplies
examples of the " ludicrous " use of this
word, though he f ail& to^cite the familiar line
of Pope. The touch of contempt in it seems
enough to give point to the contrast with
"men." EDWARD BENSLY.
My guesses may be bad, but here they
are: 1. "Areas" (air-ears); 2. "Hardships."
ST. SWITHIK.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND DREAMS (11 S,
iii. 247, 296).— The notion that Franklin,
who never (even after a long residence in
France) wrote French fluently, could have
written in French a book published as early
as 1746, may be dismissed as an impossibility.
The title does not occur in the late Paul
Leicester Ford's 'Franklin Bibliography*
(1889), either among the genuine works of
Franklin or among those attributed to him.
Nevertheless, MR. ELKINMATHEWS'S query
raises an interesting point. The American
Museum (Philadelphia) for February, 1792,
xi. 67-70, contains " The art of procuring
pleasant dreams. By Dr. Franklin. In-
scribed to Mis& ****** Being written at her
request." This duly appears (under date
of 1772) in Sparks's 'Works of Franklin/
1836, ii. 171-6, and in Bigelow's * Works of
Franklin,' 1887, iv. 526-32; and (under date
of 1786) -in Albert H. Smyth's ' Writings of
Franklin/ 1907, x. 131-7. Dr. Smyth first
showed that it was written to Miss
Catherine Maria Shipley, a daughter of
Jonathan Shipley, Bishop of St. Asaph's ;
for on 13 November, 1786, Miss Shipley
replied : —
" I have particularly to thank you for the 'Art
of procuring pleasant Dreams,' indeed it flatter'd
me exceedingly that you should employ so much
of your precious time in complying with my
request, but where do you read that Methusalah
slept in the open air ? "
Franklin has frequently been accused of
plagiarism. In 1798 John Davis came to this
country, spent several years in travelling
about, and in 1803 published his ' Tra\els/
on pp. 210-18 of which will be found a
lerce attack on Franklin. Unluckily for
lis purpose, Davis picked out for animad-
version the famous ' Parable against Per-
secution/ declaring that " it all came to
Franklin from Bishop Taylor." Now on
2 November, 1789, Franklin \vrcte to B.
Vaughan : —
" Your mention of plagiarism puts me in
mind of a charge of the same kind, which I lately
aw in the British Repository, concerning the
Chapter of Abraham and the Stranger. Perhaps
his is the attack your letter hints at, in which
fou defended me. The truth is, as I think you
>bserve, that I never published that Chapter,
tnd never claimed more credit from it, than what
elated to the style, and the addition of the con-
ii s. m. MAY 6, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
357
•eluding threatening and promise. The publishing
of it by Lord Kames [in 1774], without my con-
sent, deprived me of a good deal of amusement
which I used to take in reading it by heart out
of my Bible, and obtaining the remarks of the
Scripturians upon it, which were sometimes very
diverting." — ' Writings,' x. 53.
Now * The Art of Procuring Pleasant
Dreams ' was first published, so far as is
known, in 1792, or two years after Franklin's
death, and hence Franklin himself h?«d no
opportunity of either claiming or disclaiming
it as his own. It was one of seventeen
pieces called ' Bagatelles,' which, according
to Smyth (i. 184), were first published by
W. T. Franklin in 1818, introduced with the
following headnote : —
" The Letters, Essays, etc., contained in this
section were chiefly written by Dr. Franklin for
the amusement of his intimate society in London
and Paris, and were by himself actually collected
in a small portfolio, endorsed as above. Several
of the pieces were either originally written in
French, or afterward translated by him into that
language by way of exercises."
Smyth goes on to say that at least one of
the pieces " was really written by Abbe
Morellet." Is it net possible that Franklin
took as a basis for this particular piece the
French book published in 1746, or a passage
in that book ? If so, he must have worked
it over .-AS he did the ' Parable against Per-
secution,' for there is an allusion to " the
Black Hole at Calcutta " — an allusion that
cf course eould not have appeared in a book
printed in 1746. Will not MB. ELKIN
MATHEWS compare Franklin's ' Art of
Procuring Pleasant Dreams ' \\ith the book
of 1746 and let us know the result ?
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
BUDDHA IN CHRISTIAN ART (11 S. ii. 147,
217). — Andrew D. White, ex-ambassador of
the United States to the Court of Berlin, sent
me in 1905 a photograph (taken by himself)
of Buddha as St. Josaphat in a church at
Palermo.
For a description of the statue (or " idol,"
&* we should call it, in an alien religion) see
White's ' Autobiography ' (New York, 1905,
vol. ii. p. 455). The inscription is " Divo
Josaphat." The authorities for the identi-
fication of St. Josaphat (or Joasaph) with
Buddha may be found in Rhys Davids' »
introduction to his translation of Jatakas
1-40 (London, 1880), and in White's ' History
of the Warfare of Science with Theology '
•(referred to in the 'Autobiography,' loc. cit.).
ALBERT J. EDMUNDS.
Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
WALTER HADDON (11 S. iii. 128, 171).—
In thanking those correspondents who were
kind enough to reply to my query I would like
to give expression to my regret that I was
the cause of valuable space in 'N. & Q.'
being taken up with matter from the ' D.N.B.'
Having something more than a mere nodding
acquaintance with that invaluable work,
I am entirely at a loss to understand how
it came about that I overlooked the fact
that a biography of Haddon was contained
therein. WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
BAGEHOT ON THE CROWN (US. iii. 307). —
The sentence of which A. P. is in search
occurs in * The English Constitution,' by
Walter Bagehot (5th ed., 1888), p. 57, and
the whole paragraph runs as follows : —
" The popular theory of the English Constitu-
tion involves two errors as to the sovereign.
First, in its oldest form at least, it considers
him as an ' Estate of the Realm,' a separate
co-ordinate authority with the House of Lords
and the House of Commons. This and much
else the sovereign once was, but this he is no
longer. That authority could only be exercised
by a monarch with a legislative veto. He should
be able to reject bills, if not as the House of
Commons rejects them, at least as the House of
Peers rejects them. But the Queen has no
such veto. She must sign her own death-warrant
if the two Houses unanimously send it up to her."
Mark the words. Bagehot did not say
that the reigning monarch must sign the
warrant for his own execution if his " respon-
sible ministers " were to submit it to him. It
must be the unanimous decision of both
Houses of Parliament. The King has still
the power to veto the acts of his " responsible
ministers," and even, if he chooses, to dismiss
them. HORACE BLEACKLEY.
[MR. A. R. BAYLEY and MR. F. C. WHITE alsh
supply the reference.]
SHAKESPEARE AND THE EARL OF RUT-
LAND (11 S. iii. 307). — The work inquired for
is Peter Alvor's ' Das neue Shakespeare-
evangelium,' published in 1907. The author's
contention is that the comedies are the work
of Roger Manners, Earl of Rutland, and the
histories and tragedies are from the pen of
Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton.
FRANK J. BURGOYNE.
The Tate Library, Brixton.
This theory is upheld by a German writer,
Karl Bleibtreu, in ' Der wahre Shakespeare '
(Munich and Leipzig, Georg Miiller, 1907).
The book consists of an introduction in
which the author sets forth the grounds of
his theory, and a five - act prose drama,
' Shakespeare,' the dramatis personce in-
358
NOTES AND QUERIES. i ui s. m. MAY e, mi.
eluding Queen Elizabeth, Southampton,
Essex, Rutland, Bacon, Shaxper (an actor),
&c. In the introduction the author claims
his " discovery " of Rutland's authorship to
be mainly original, although he admits
having been put on the track of it by a
previous writer, Alvor, author of a pamphlet
' Das neue Shakespeare-evangelium.'
M. A. M. M.
I think MB. LYNN will find the book about
which lie inquires in Dr. Bleibtreu's ' Der
wahre Shakespeare.' The book appeared,
I think, in 1906, and a review of it by Prof.
Dowden was printed in The Standard for
6 December, 1906. P. A. MCELWAINE.
I have a newspaper cutting of 22 May,
1 909, wherein it is stated that
" a new candidate has been put in the field by
M. Celestin Demblou, a Belgian author, who is
endeavouring to convince the world that the
works attributed to Shakespeare were really
written by ' Lord Roger Manners of Rutland.' "
R. J. FYNMOBE.
[MR. H. DAVEY and MK. H. KREBS also refer to
Dr. Bleibtreu.]
TENNYSON'S " FLOWER IN THE CRANNIED
WALL" (11 S. iii. 167). — In an edition of
Tennyson's ' Poetical Works ' published by
Messrs. Harper £ Brothers, New York, and
dated 1870, the little poem " Flower in the
crannied wall " is printed among a number
of "Miscellaneous Poems" collected from
various sources. This would seem to indicate
a somewhat earlier date of issue for the poem
than that named 011 the title-page. In
Mr. R. F. Sharp's 'Dictionary of English
Authors,' Under Tennyson's Works, 'The
Holy Grail ' is mentioned as dated in 1870,
but as really issued the previous year. It
will thus appear that 1869 was the year when
"Flower in the crannied wall" was first
printed. W. S. S.
" CACKLING CLOUTS " : " CARPILLIONS " :
"GAINSHOT": " HUNNIN' PIN":
"KlNCHEE": "SUFFLEE" (11 S. iii. 168,
213).— "Cackling clouts."— MR. WARRACK
may perhaps arrive at an understanding
of the meaning of " cackling clouts " by
remembering the line " Like baby-clouts
a-dryin'," used by Burns in ' The Ordination.'
" Carpillions." — Only the fact of being
a Scot, who may be expected to know
something of his mother-tongue, can be my
excuse for intruding on ground already occu-
pied by PROF. SKEAT. " Carpillions " un-
doubtedly means " rags," but the prefix car,
as in curJiandit (i.etf left-handed), gives it
the force of " disused rags " or " rags thrown
aside . ' ' There is, however, another use of t ha
word, as has been pointed out, in which it
means "cushions." "Worn-out cushions
stuffed with rags " is, I think, the meaning
in the latter application.
" G ainshot."— The place at the side of a
stream or river whence water is drawn oS
into the mill-race.
" Hunnin' pin." — A wooden pin, or some-
times a large nail, driven into the rafter of a
house for the purpose of affording a hand-
hold. " Hunnin' ' is unknown to me.
I suspect it to be a provincialism for hannin\
i.e., " a pin for catching hold of with the
hand."
" Kinchie." — " Childish " or " like a
child." Connected with the slang word
kinchin, a child. SCOTUS.
" Sufflee." — Jamieson's ' Dictionary
(Donaldson, 1887) gives : " Surfle, a trim-
ming, edging, or embroidery ; the edge or
trimming of a gown." As the manufacturer
referred to may have made such a trimming
as an edging for gowns, the words sufflee and
surfte, though varying in form, may be
synonymous, or one a corruption of the other-
TOM JONES.
" NEVER SWAP HORSES WHEN CROSSING-
THE STREAM" (11 S. iii. 269).— In Elford
Eveleigh Treffry's edition (1907) of ' Stokes'
Cyclopaedia of Familiar Quotations,' " It
is not best to swap horses while crossing the
river " is given as having been uttered by
Lincoln in reply to the National Union*
League on 9 June, 1864 — just at the date
he was being chosen as Presidential candi-
date a second time. This, however, is not
the usually accepted version ; and it would
be interesting to have the original, with the-
immediate context, from some authorita-
tive contemporary report. POLITICIAN.
HERTFORD STREET (11 S. iii. 209). — What
is the evidence that this street was known?
in the eighteenth century as Garrick Street ?
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
FRENCH AMBASSADORS IN LONDON (11 Si
iii. 309). — The inquiry made by F. DEH. L. for
the names of French Ambassadors in London
for the period mentioned should be addressed .
to M. le Ministere des Affaires etrangeres-
(Division des Archives), Paris, who will no-
doubt most courteously supply the informr.-
tion desired. G. BLACKER MORGAN.
ii s. in. MAY 6, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
359
0tt
A Boole of Cambridge Verse. Edited by E. E.
Kellett. (Cambridge University Press.)
THIS anthology begins with Chaucer's much-
quoted reference to the " melle " at Trumping-
ton, and is so conscientiously brought up to date
that it even includes the melodious lines with
which, four years ago, Mr. Paul England celebrated
his return to Christ's College after an absence
from it of more than twenty years. But in
making his selection Mr. Kellett owns that he
he has not been guided only by the degree of
merit which individual poems have displayed.
He has included verses whose sole claim to atten-
tion is their often disputable historical interest.
Michael Drayton early in the seventeenth century
writes of
Wise Segbert. . . .preparing us the seat
Of famous Cambridge
but he frankly confesses that it is only for poetical
reasons that he records this tradition, which
would place the date of the University's founda-
tion at about 630 A.D.
Another poet, however, writing about two
centuries before him, says that
Cambridg was founded long or Chryst was borne,
and there is nothing to show that this belief was
a matter of legend for him.
Richard Corbet has left an amusing picture of
Emmanuel, the Puritan college which refused to
appear before King James " new be-painted,"
and with its founders " new be-sainted," as did
the rest of them on the occasion of the royal visit
in 1614.
The Trinity choir in 1806 was apparently so
unmelodious that Byron remarked concerning it :
If David, when his toils were ended,
Had heard these blockheads sing before him,
To us his psalms had ne'er descended, —
In furious mood he would have tore 'em.
Dryden, Ben Jonson, and Gray, as well as
Byron, depreciated the University in their verses.
But an unexpected objection to it comes from
Faber, the hymnologist, who complains that
although she is very fair to look upon, Cambridge
is voiceless, for she has no bells ! Such a state of
affairs to-day is almost incomprehensible.
Cowper indicted in his moral vein the under-
graduate of his time. Gamesters and jockeys,
he calls them,
Spendthrifts and booted sportsmen, oftener seen
With belted waist and pointers at their heels,
Than in the bounds of duty.
But then the folly of youth was a theme concern-
ing which Cowper was ever ready to take up his
pen.
" The Union Club of rhetorical fame," which
'• was held at the Red Lion Inn," in 1823 is
described by Praed in his best society-verse
manner. Macaulay is depicted with " his arms
and his metaphors crossed." Praed was ever a
master of neat brevity.
Humorous verse plays a fair part in the book
in view of the exigencies of copyright. Two
poems come from Calverley's pen. Mr. Andrew
Lang contributes a delightful ' Ballade of the
Girton Girl,' whose " forte 's to evaluate IT." Mr.
Owen Seaman describes an Oxford and Cam-
bridge Ladies' Hockey Match, and his impres-
sions upon returning to his college in middle age.
A. C. Hilton's parody of Lewis Carroll's ' Walrus
and the Carpenter ' is admirable.
Concerning a certain examination paper upon
which competitors were at work in the Senate
House he says : —
But though they wrote it all by rote,
They did not write it right.
And afterwards, when it is time for the " viva
voce,"
Two undergraduates came up,
And slowly took a seat ;
They knit their brows, and bit their thumbs,
As if they found them sweet ;
And this was odd, because you know
Thumbs are not good to eat !
The river, and in a lesser degree King's Chapel
seem to be the favourite themes for the eulogies,
of Cambridge poets. Many extravagant thinga
have been said concerning the former, and not
the least absurd of these is Mr. Alfred Austin's
comparison of a drifting boat to a dreaming
water-lily. The latter subject, however, has been
immortalized by Wordsworth's sonnet, which was
itself written under
that branching roof
Self-poised, and scooped into ten thousand cells,
Where light and shade repose, where music dwells
Lingering.
Wordsworth is the only poet who has devoted
many pages of verse to the University at which
he received his education. Speaking in his
' Prelude ' of the winter nights on which he used
to walk under the lofty elms of the college groves,
he says that " scarcely Spenser's self could have*
more tranquil visions in his youth. . . .than I be-
held." But of the rost of the Cambridge bards, as
Mr. Kellett says in his preface, " not many have
thought it well to commemorate in verse their
ancient mother ; and fewer still have written
of her in their best manner."
Therefore the book is a disappointment to
the lover of poetry, who would have preferred
to its four hundred and forty pages a smaller
volume maintaining a higher standard. Still,
Mr. Kellett has shown admirable industry, and
has secured a good collection of illustrations,
while his notes at the end are instructive, and
certainly needed by the present generation of
readers.
Visitation of Ireland. Edited by Frederick
Arthur Crisp. Vol. V. (Privately printed.)
THE fifth volume of Mr. Crisp's ' Visitation of
Ireland ' contains the pedigrees of twenty-six
well-known Irish families during the period
from the end of the eighteenth century up to the
present time. The pedigrees include that of the
Earl of Lucan of Balaclava fame ; also that of
another branch of the same family, the Binghams
of Bingham Castle, co. Mayo. Another interesting
pedigree is that of the family of Uniacke of Castle-
town, co. Cork. The branch of the family shown
in this volume begins with a younger son, Richard
John Uniacke, who settled in Halifax, Nova Scotia,
in 1781, and from whom is descended Mr. R. G.
Fitzgerald Uniacke, the well-known antiquary.
The volume, as usual, contains several engrav-
ings of book-plates and armorial bearings beauti-
fully executed.
360
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. HI. MAY 6, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES.— MAY.
MESSRS. J. & J. LEIQHTON send Part XV.. D-Dy,
of their Catalogue of Early Printed and other
Interesting Books. There are many rare editions
of Dante, including the first edition with the com-
mentary of Benrenuto d'Imola, 1477 ; first
•edition with the commentary of Landino, 1481 ;
the rare Florence edition of 1506, with its beauti-
ful Florentine cut ; and a fine large copy of the
1544 edition. There are also the seven illustra-
tions by Blake, India proof plates, oblong folio,
1827, 20 guineas. It was at Linnell's suggestion
Blake made these drawings. There are rare items
•under Datus, Sir John "Davies, and Decretals.
A tall copy of the rare first English translation
of Euclid, 1570, is 10Z. In this Dee's learned
§*eface occupies 50 pages. Other items under
r. Dee include a copy of Aquinas, Paris, 1519,
with his autograph, 181. Under De Foe are first
editions ; and under Demosthenes is the first
issue having the device of Aldus, 1504, besides
.the first Latin edition printed in England, 1571.
'There are handsome copies of Dibdin's ' Anti-
quities,' * Spenceriana,' and ' Picturesque Tour.'
Under Distilling is a tall fine copy of Jer. Brun-
schwyg, blue morocco, 1527, 45Z. Under Drama
.one naturally turns first to Shakespeare. There
is the extremely rare Hawkins Second Folio,
A sound and tall copy, enclosed in case, 1632,
120Z. It bears the Hawkins imprint, and it is
.believed that only three or four others are known
with this. The Second Folio, with the imprint
-" T. Cotes for J. Smethwick," 1632, is 180Z.
Among other Shakespeare rarities is the doubtful
play * A Yorkshire Tragedy,' 1619, 115Z. Other
English dramatists represented are Ben Jonson,
Beaumont and Fletcher, Goldsmith, and Massinger.
The Greek and Roman dramatists include a copy
of Euripides, Lyons, 1527, in the original French
Terence. The Catalogue is full of interesting
illustrations.
Mr. Alexander Macphail's Edinburgh Cata-
logue 107 contains some old Bibles and Prayer
Books, including a Latin Bible, 1495, with a
curious portrait of St. Jerome translating the
^Scriptures, IL 10s. ; and a copy of John Knox's
liturgy, 1615, 31. 15s. ' The Countess of Marres
Arcadia,' with the title in facsimile, and pp. 417
to 440 supplied in MS., 12mo, choicely bound in
red morocco, 1625, is 3Z. 3s. American items
include ' The Parable of the Ten Virgins Opened,'
by Thomas Shepard, the rare second edition for
America, without name of printer or town, 1695,
21. 2s. There are works under Freemasonry,
Glasgow, &c. A copy of Calvin's sermons,
1581-1604, is II. 8s. 6d. ; and an unopened copy
-of Caw's ' Life and Works of Sir Henry Raeburn,'
59 full-page reproductions, royal 4to, 1901,
2Z. 10s. Among Stevensoniana is Col. Prideaux's
* Bibliography,' 12s. Qd. (only 100 copies printed).
There are a number of Trials, including that of
Peltier for libel against Napoleon. A copy of
Crabbe, with Westall's plates, fine condition,
5 vols., 1823, is II. 15s. ; Finden's ' Harbours,'
2 vols., 4to, red morocco, 15s. ; and Geikie's
' Etchings,' 11. 5s. A choice Jacobite engraving
of Prince Charles entering Edinburgh is 21. 5s.
Among other pictures are ' Johnson rescuing
Goldsmith from his Landlady,' an oil painting of
the cottage where Burns was born, engraving of
old Leith pier, &c.
Mr. W. M. Murphy's Liverpool Catalogue 164
contains Paxton's Magazine of Botany, 16 vols.,
1841-9, 81. 8s., and Harleian Society, 41 vols.,
13Z. 13s., besides items under America, Archi-
tecture, Art, Australia, Binding, Coloured Plates,
Folk - lore, and Furniture. An illuminated copy
of Froissart, 2 vols., royal 8yo, morocco, 1862, is
11. Is. ; and the first edition of the ' Greville
Memoirs,' 8 vols., 31. 10s. Under Hieroglyphics
is a very fine copy of Valerian from the library of
Hugh F. Hornby, with book-plate, Lyon, 1615,
4Z. 4s. There are many entries under Ireland,
also under Liverpool. An unopened copy of
Croker's edition of Pope, 10 vols., is 21. 4s. ; and
the 1807 reproduction of the Shakespeare First
Folio, 3Z. 17s. Qd.
Messrs. Simmons & Waters of Leamington Spa
send their Catalogue 255, devoted to Autographs.
These include letters from Queen Adelaide,
Harrison Ainsworth, John Bright (a letter of
three pages, 16 June, 1862, on direct taxation),
George Canning, Cobden (one letter, 28 November,
1859, ridicules the French invasion scare), Joseph
Hume, Hunt the Radical, Wellington, and
William IV. There is also one of the copies of
' The Merchant of Venice ' presented by Sir
Henry Irving on the hundredth performance,
14 February, 1880, 4Z. 4s. This copy has the
invitation to Mr. Payne, and in addition the page
of the cast is signed by every member with
three exceptions.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
bo "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
.ishers " — at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.C.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
N. BURCHER ("She never found fault with you,
never implied"). — From Mrs. E. B. Browning's poem
* My Kate.'
J. TuRRAL("One and all").— This motto is dis-
cussed at 9 8. v. 148, 424 ; x. 168, 252, 290.
CORRIGENDUM.— Ante, p 325, col. 2, 1. 7 from foot,
for " Davis" read Devis.
ii s. m. MAY is, wii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
361
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 13, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 72.
NOTES :— The Collar of S3, 361— Landor Bibliography, 364
—Rev. Philip Hedgeland, 365— 'The Churches of York-
shire' — Shakespeare Allusions in Burton— First Half-
penny Newspaper— " Wait and see"— Raikes Centenary,
366.
QUERIES: — Sir John Arnndel of Clerkenwell — Mrs.
Browning's Portrait— Gladstone on the Upas Tree—
"That man is thought a dangerous Knave" — 'Britons,
Strike Home !'—' Ralph Roister Doister '—Shakespeare :
Tallis & Co.'s Edition— William Evatfc, Clerk of the
House of Commons — " Welcome as the flowers in May" —
'The Coming Nation,' 367— Peter de Wint — Peake and
Pyke Families of Southwark— " Clerk of the Papers"—
Lawton and Inman Families -Woolsthorpe, 368— Siege of
Derry : Rev. J. Gordon— Thomas Thane's MSS.— Putney
Bowling-Green—Duke of Marlborough's Godmother —
Bonav <fe Co.— Horses and Market Tolls— Subsidy Rolls,
Lancashire— Colleges of Commerce, 369,
BE PLIES:— Black Bandsmen in the Army, 370— Madame
Vestris— Carlyle and Charles I.— May- Day : May-Poles,
371— Geffery le Bakester de Loffithe— Sir Miles Wharton
—Authors of Quotations Wanted, 372 — Capt. Cook
Memorial — ' Church Historians of England,' 373 — Lamb,
Burton, and Francis Spiera— Scottish Titles conferred by
Oomwell, 374— Junius and the Duke of Bedford — Anne
Boleyn: Bulley Family, 375 — Roger Gollop— Dogs and
-other Animals on Brasses, 376— Elephant and Castle in
Heraldry— Richard Rolle — Wall Churches — Authors of
Poems Wanted— 'May Fair' — 'Belgravia' — "Essex" as
Christian Name, 377— Hanoverian Regiment— Catherine
Hyde— Gallows Bank— Bishop King, 378.
NOTES ON BOOKS :— ' London : the City '—Reviews and
Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
THE COLLAR OF SS AND THE MOTTO
"SOUVENT ME SOUVIENT."
MUCH has been written about this collar ;
«nd the Dean of York, whose attention was
first called to the subject by the magnificent
specimen worn by Lord Chief Justice
•Coleridge in York Minster on Assize Sunday,
November, 1887, has lately produced a sump-
tuous monograph which seems to embody
in an attractive form much of the learned
research which lias been expended upon it,
and moreover contains an interesting "con-
jecture'* of the author's own. The book is
dedicated to Lord Alverstone, one of the
living official wearers of "the bauble" in
•question.
The motto has received but little atten-
tion ; yet it was that of Margaret Beaufort,
the foundress of two great Cambridge col-
leges and the ancestress of all our sovereigns
from Henry VII. to George V. Christ's
•College kept its fourth centenary in 1905,
and St. John's will do the like in the present
year. In 1905 three papers appeared on
the subject in the Christ's College Magazine
and in the Johnian Eagle. One of these,
from the pen of Prof. Skeat, gave an ex-
planation of the motto which is now repro-
duced without comment by Dr. Purey-
Cust (p. 33) after Mr. H. B. McCall, who
fully adopts it (' RichmondsMre Churches,'
1910, p. 190). The words of the motto are
equivalent to the Latin Subinde mihi sub-
venit (a " Silver Age " use), and mean
" it often occurs to me," " I often remember."
The more familiar modern construction
je me souviens is condemned by Littre,
who says it is as barbarous as would be
je m'importe for il m'importe, and that it
first occurs in the sixteenth century. This
is no doubt true of literature, or French
literature ; but souvenez is found on a collar
of 1407 (see below).
What do the five to twenty (more or less)
SS of our collar mean ? Three answers
deserve consideration : —
(1) John Anstis, Garter King-at-Arms,
suggested (1724), as "a very precarious
conjecture," that the S was the initial
letter of Soveigne ( = subveniat, qi.Cil te
souvienne), or, more fully, of Soveigne vous
de moi, the old French name for the " for-
get-me-not " (' Register of the Garter,'
i. 117). Henry IV., when Earl of Derby,
is recorded to have worn this flower in
silver-gilt upon a Collar of SS in 1397 (ib.).
Miss Toulmin Smith in ' Expeditions to
Prussia made by Henry, Earl of Derby,'
in 1390-93, gave further extracts (1894)
from the accounts of Henry's treasurer,
Kyngeston, to the same effect. Under the
year 1397-8 we read of " Coler fact cum
esses et floribus de soveine vous de moi."
The solution thus timidly proposed by
Anstis has since been adopted by Beltz,
E. Foss, and Prof. Skeat.
(2) Willement, heraldic artist to George IV.,
thought that S stood for Soverayne. This
word in fact occurs repeatedly on the
cornice of Henry IV.'s tomb at Canterbury,
where is also a profusion of Esses, and it
is taken by Willement and many others to
have been Henry's motto (' Royal Heraldry,'
1829, p. 42). Beltz, on the other hand,
thought that Soverayne was a blunder for
Soveine. But surely care would be taken
to give the monarch's motto correctly on his
own tomb.
(3) J. G. Nichols, admitting that Soverayne
was Henry's motto, pointed out that the
Collar of SS was worn and distributed by
362
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. in. MAY 13, MIL
Henry's father, John of Gaunt. In The
Gentleman's Magazine for May, 1842, p. 479,
he gives an engraving, from a drawing in
the British Museum, of a window to John's
memory in Old St. Paul's. Here are seen
two shields, one surrounded by the Garter,
the other by a collar with five Esses. In the
inscription John was described, among other
titles, as Rex Castilice, which, in right of his
second wife, he claimed to be from 1372 to
1389 ; and also as Magnus Seneschattus
Anglie. John died in 1399, but Nichols
thought the window was put up some years
later. He held the SS to stand for Senes-
chattus. This is favoured by A. Hartshorne.
(4) The Dean's " conjecture " is a com-
bination of (2) and (3). He suggests (p. 34)
that " these inscrutable letters had a two-
fold significance craftily devised for a very
critical time."
" As the Duke of York, John's younger brother,
had devised a jewel of a cryptic character (a
falcon in a fetter-lock), something similarly
enigmatical, apparently committing no one to
anything, and capable of a variety of interpre-
tations, was at once produced. . . .Yes, he [John]
was no doubt Seigneur and Seneschallus and what
not, and therefore none could demur to the
indication of them ; but his immediate con-
federates and confidants looked upon him as their
Soveraine, and patiently abided the time when it
would come to pass." — P. 48.
When the time came, when " the aspiring
blood of Lancaster " attained, in the person
of Henry, the throne for which John had so
long schemed, the cryptic S revealed its true
significance, as is shown in the repeated
Soverayne on Henry's tomb.
That S, meant as a claim to the English
throne, could not openly be so- explained
under Richard II., is obvious ; but (1) John
had long used the title of King of Castile and
Leon ; (2) he was "summoned by writ to a
Parliament held at Westminster by the name
of John, King of Castile and Duke of Lan-
caster " (p. 42). Further, on 22 April,
1386, Richard himself put a crown of gold
on his uncle's head (' Diet. Nat. Biog,'
xxix. 425). Perhaps, then, we may slightly
modify Dr. Purey-Cust's conjecture, and say
that the S might be " variously interpreted "
(under Richard) as Seigneur, Seneschallus,
or even Soverayne in the Castilian sense —
by courtesy, even after 1389 — while all the
time John had a loftier sense in mind.
" Of the many tombs scattered broad-
cast throughout the country " indicating
" how wide the acceptance of the collar had
been " (p. 55), the oldest, it is believed, are
those of Sir John Swinford, who died 1371 ;
Sir Thomas Burton, of the date 1382 ; and of
Sir John Marmion (at West Tanfield, Yorks),
who died in 1 387. Photographs of Marmion's
stately monument are given both by Mr.
McCall and by the Dean. These instances,
and the John of Gaunt window, abundantly
prove that the collar cannot have been
devised, or first distributed, by Henry, who
was not born till 1366. To explain the-
collar, then, by Henry's fancy for the
forget-me-not (fteur de Soveigne} in 1391 and
the following years, is an anachronism.
His use of the flower, or of its name, is
sufficiently explained by a record quoted by
Anstis (' Register,' i. ll7) : —
" We find that Richard II. himself had a gow^?
made in his fourteenth year (1390) whereon this
motto [i.e., Soveigne vous de moy] was embroidered,
to be used at the famous tilt in Smithfield."
From this Willement (' R. H.,' p. 42) infers t
"It is probable that the flower might have
been only united by Henry to his otvn badge (SS) in
compliment to a device or motto affected by the
monarch."
This complimentary adoption of badges
may be illustrated from the fact that in
1389 Richard "took the collar from his
uncle's neck and put it on his own " (p. 18).
Taxed with this by Arundel in 1394, the King
said he had done it "en signe de bon amour
etd'entier cceur " (Gent. Mag., March, 1842).
Mrs. Bury Palliser ('Devices,' p. 364) tells
us that in 1390 " Henry, then Earl of Derby,
ordered the sleeves of his coat to be em-
broidered with (white) harts of the King's
bearing." His use, then, of Richard's
Soveigne badge or motto would be a like
token of amity, real or feigned.
John Gower in his ' Chronica ' speaks of
Henry in 1387 as qui gerit S ; but the only
flower he mentions in connexion with him is
the rose : —
Ut rosa flos florum, melior fuit ille bonorum.
The " flores domini " mentioned by
Kyngeston, apart from the forget-me-nots,
are conjectured by Miss T. Smith to be
" Lancaster roses." In the National Portrait
Gallery Henry IV. bears a red rose.
The Lady Margaret, it will be remembered,
was daughter of the first Duke and Duchess
of Somerset, whose effigies (placed there by
herself) are to be seen, wearing the collar,
in Wimborne Minster. She was the grand-
daughter of the first Earl of Somerset, and
great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt. Her
grandfather, the Earl, was the illegitimate son
of John of Gaunt by Katherine Swynford, who
afterwards became his third wife (1395). In
1396-7 the Beauforts, as they were called from
a castle of John's in Artois, were legitimated,
ennobled, and enriched by Richard II., to
us. m. MAY is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
363
whom they were thus under the deepest
obligations. The explanation above referred
to of her motto Souvent me souvient is that
it was the loyal respcn&eof the Beauforts to
the appeal of their kinsman and king,
Henry IV., Soveigne vous de moy. As, how-
ever, *it appears that Sovcrayne was Henry's
motto, this explanation seems highly pre-
carious. It is, however, confidently adopted
by Mr. McCall, who writes (p. 196) :—
" Remember me was proclaimed by the emblems
of the King ; and his collared knights responded
by their SS decoration : / often remember."*
Yet, facing p. 196, he gives an excellent
photograph of the collar from the West
Tanfield effigy of Sir John Marmion, who
died in 1387, twelve years before Henry
became king. Sir John Swinford (see above)
died in 1371, when Henry was only five years
of ag^, and while Edward III. was still king.
Nor is it clear that the Beauforts used
the motto. It is only found in the Lady
Margaret's portraits at Christ's College, at
St. John's (in the Master's Lodge), at Knows-
ley, in the National Portrait Gallery, and
perhaps in one or two others. In the east
window, 'however, of the little church of
L?,ndbeach, near Cambridge, is some ancient
glass showing two figures of persons of high
rank kneeling and canopied, the male figure
on the left, the female on the right. ^The
attitude of the latter strikingly resembles
the familiar portraits of the Lady Margaret,
and underneath this figure, which appears
to be perfect, is found, and seems always to
have been there, the word Souvient. The
lower part of the male figure is imperfect,
but it is probable that souvent me once stood
beneath it. The window was placed there
by the antiquary Robert Masters, Rector
of Landbeach 1757-99, who, probably from
the attitude of the female figure and from
the fragment of the motto, " conceived them
to be John Beaufort and Margaret, his wife,
first Duke and Duchess of Somerset, parents
of Margaret, Countess of Richmond," and
that " they come from an oratory erected
to the memory of her family " (Rev. Keatinge
Clay, 'Landbeach'). A recent rector, the
learned Dr. Bryan Walker, supposed that the
glass had been brought from Wimborne,
where the monuments of the same personages
p,re to be seen to this day. One may still
ask whether it may not have been her own
motto which the Lady Margaret, appro-
priately enough, placed under these portraits
of her parents. Is there any other trace
* Mr. McCall thus reads the supposed Beaufort
motto into the letters SS wherever found.
of the use of the motto by the Beauforts ?
A window, still in Wimborne Minster, com-
memorates the Duke (died 1444) and his
wife. The Duke's motto is not given, but
several scrolls give the Duchess's mutare
vel timere sperno (Hutchins, ' Dorset/
iii. 215).*
In the Wars of the Roses the Beauforts
fought on the Lancastrian side. " Three
Dukes of Somerset, threefold renowned "
('Henry VI.,' Part III., end), fell in 1455,
1467, and 1471. These were the uncle and
first cousins of the Lady Margaret. She
herself, when the wars were over, writes Mr. A.
Bailey, ' English Crown,' p. 54, " apparently
acquiesced in the existing settlement of the
crown in the reigning family."
Further evidence, might, of course, lend
greater probability to the conjecture under
discussion. Two facts may be mentioned
which seem to show that the Soveigne device,
though not Henry IV.'s motto, and appa-
rently derived from his dethroned kinsman,,
was occasionally used by him and his son
long after.
(1) In Devon's ' Issues of the Exchequer,"
1837, p. 253, we have the description of a
costly collar made for Henry IV. in 1407. It
was " of gold worked with the motto
Soveignez and the letter S."
(2) Dr. Purey-Cust mentions that the
figure of Henry V. on the choir-screen of
York Minster has " round the neck the
Collar of SS, across the breast a band bearing;
the words memento mei " (p. 33). His owni
explanation of this is that the words " apply
to the boss on the belt beneath, which bears
a pelican vulning itself, an emblem of the
dangers which the King incurred during the
French Wars." Still, this may be a re-
miniscence of the old Soveigne motto or
device.
In this uncertainty, conjecture seems
allowable. May not the motto Souvent
me souvient, found at present only on the
Lady Margaret's portraits, have been what
the Germans call a Leibspruch, and have a
personal and religious rather than political
significance ? Bishop Fisher in his funeral
sermon speaks of " the veray nobleness "
of her " holdynge memory." His editor,
Dr. Hymers, quotes some lines given in
Jeremy Taylor's ' Holy Dying ' : —
Whoso him belhoft
Inwardly and oft . . . .
He would not do one sin
All the world to win.
* Since this was written I have revisited Wini-
borne. The present (modern) window assigns the-
mutare motto to Duke and Duchess alike.
364
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 13, ion.
A Latin sentence on the frame of her por-
trait in the national collection, " Pii facti
memoriam non obliterabit seternitas," seems
to imply some such way of understanding
the motto.
Whatever be the explanation of the motto,
it seems likely that it contains a play upon
the title borne by several of her kinsfolk.
This is often spelt Sum' set ; and W. Caxton
once wrongly calls her Duchess of Somerset
<Cooper's 'Life,' p. 45).
For Richard II. 's wearing the Soveiqne
motto at Smithfield in 1390 Anstis refers
tc ' Lib. Cotom. in Garderob.,' p. 157. Can
any reader give information about this
document ? W. A. Cox.
49, Chesterton Road, Cambridge.
LANDOR BIBLIOGRAPHY : POEMS IN
'THE EXAMINER.'
DURING the years 1836 to 1860 Walter
"Savage Landor sent an enormous quantity
of prose and poetry to the weekly Examiner.
The following list gives the first lines of his
poems printed in that paper, with the dates
of publication. Those marked with an
asterisk have not been reprinted.
A few have borne me honour in my day. —
17 March, '49.
A fox to Castlecombe pursued. — 23 Sept., '54.
Again her brow Sicania rears. — 4 Aug., '60.
Again, perhaps and only once again. — 23 March,
'50.
Against the frauds of France did Europe rise. —
23 Sept., '48.
Against the rocking mast I stand. — 23 Sept., '38.
A generation's faded skirts have swept. — 31 Aug.,
'50.
Ah Mela ! pleasant art thou to behold. — 27 Oct.,
'55.
A man there sat, not old but weak and worn. —
24 March, '49.
Among the foremost of Earth's free-born men. —
4 Oct., '56.
And shall the bloody wave agen. — 8 July, '48.
Arnold ! thou wert a lovely child. — 14 Oct., '38.
Barbarians must we alway be ? — 3 June, '54.
Barry ! your spirit long ago. — 29 Dec., '39.
Bees! conscripts! braves of Guillevelle. — 25 Sept.,
'52.
*Before the Graces you disclose. — 7 Oct., '38.
Borne on white horses which the God of Thrace.
— 25 Sept., '52.
*By the grave's coldness palsied is the hand. —
25 Nov., '54.
Cahills ! do what you will at Home. — 18 Sept., '52.
Call we for harp or song. — 5 Oct., '50.
Children ! be not too proud, altho' the man. —
t May, '54.
City of men ! rejoice. — 27 Dec., '51.
•Conceal not Time's misdeeds, but on mv brow. —
23 Sept., '38.
Crown of the year, how bright thou shinest. —
26 June, '52.
Cuthbert ! whose father first in all our land. —
26 Jan., '50.
Daughter of Albion ! thou hast not. — 15 Nov., '51-
Death in the battle is not death. — 15 Dec., '49.
Death of the year 1 wilt thou be also mine. —
17 March/ '55.
Derwent ! Winander ! sweetest of all sounds.
— 31 July, '52.
Deserted in our utmost need. — 6 Nov., '52.
*Even the brave abase the head. — 10 Jan., '57.
Fate ! I have askt few things of thee. — 12 Aug., '38.
Few mortal hands have struck the heroic string. —
5 Feb., '48.
Flannel and potted meat and rum. — 20 Jan.. '55.
Friend Jonathan, for friend thou art. — 23 Nov.,
'50.
From Marston's shady paths what genius led. —
12 March, '53.
Gibbon ! if patriots sterner than myself. — 2 Sept.,
Give me thy hand, pretty maiden, and thine be
the sword and the scepter ! — 7 April, '55.
Glory to those who give it ! who erect. — 8 Jan., '53.
Go then to Italy, but mind.— 21 Sept.. '44.
*Guizot, in haste to cut and run. — 4 March, '48.
Hast thou forgotten, thou more vile. — 11 Oct., '51.
*Henceforth, Americans, let none. — 13 Sept., '56.
Hereditary honour's who confers. — 2 June, '49.
He who would wish his country great, — 5 Jan., '50.
High names, immortal names, have women
borne.;— 22 July, '48.
History lies wide open : the first page. — 30 Dec.,
'48.
How little have the great ones of the Earth. —
13 Aug., '53.
How many voices gaily sing. — 5 Aug., '38.
Tanthe, since our parting day. — 26 Aug., '.'*8.
Ingratitude ! we seldom miss. — 27 Nov., '52.
In poetry there is but one supreme. — 9 Sept., '38.
Isabella spits at Spain. — 24 Nov., '55.
Is there a day or night. — 2 Dec., '54.
I strove with none, for none was worth my strife.
—3 Feb., '49.
I've never seen a book of late. — 9 Sept., '38.
julius ! how many hours have we. — 3 Feb., '55.
Lauder of Milton, worthy of his praise. — 23 July,
'53.
Made our God again, Pope Pius. — 13 Dec., '51.
*Most puissant lord of Brougham and Vaux. —
2 Sept., '38.
No bell, no cannon by proud ocean borne. —
29 Jan., '53.
Not that the Muse with brow serene.— 29 April,
'48.
Not the last struggles of the sun. — 25 March. '43.
*Now from the chamber all are gone.f — 20 Nov.,
'52.
Now thou hast left this friendly shore. — 5 May, '55.
" O Glory of Liguria ! " thus began. — 3 Sept., '59.
O harp of France ! Why hang unstrung. —
25 Oct., '51.
O nation of Alfieri ! thou. — 5 Feb., '53.
Over his millions Death has lawful power. —
8 May, '52.
t Probably by Landor.
ii s. in. MAY is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
365
Paestum ! thy roses long ago. — 25 Nov., '38.
*Patience ! coy songsters of the Delphi wood. —
2 Sept., '38.
Peace fly to heaven and righteous war come
down. — 4 June, '53.
Philip ! I knew thee not, thy song I know. —
29 Dec., '49.
Preacher of discontent I Then large indeed. —
31 March, '49.
Rare since the sons of Leda, rare a twain. —
4 Nov., '48.
*Rave over other lands and other seas. —
15 Nov., '51.
Saint beyond all in glory who surround. —
26 Feb., '48.
Sharpy crocus wakes the froward year. — 22 April.
o4.
vSilent and modest brook ! who dippest here. —
21 Aug., '52.
Siren of high Siena ! thine. — 27 Sept., '56.
Sixty the years since Fidler bore.— 9 Sept., '54.
Smiles soon abate ; the boisterous throe. —
5 Aug., '38.
Soldier and saint J go forth, a groan of pain. —
27 Jan., '55.
Struggling, and faint, and fainter didst thou wane.
—9 Sept., '38.
Sure from thee, most Holy Father. — 20 Dec., '51.
Sweet odours and bright colours swiftly pass. —
16 Sept., '54.
The greatest man from earth had past. —
10 Sept., '53.
The hay is carried and the Hours. — 29 July, '54.
The house of mourning in a foreign land. —
18 Nov., '54.
The mountains bow'd and trembled as he came. —
5 Aug., '54.
The pillow is too soft, my head sinks in.— 13 May,
'54.
There are whose hand can throw the shafts of
song.— 2 Feb., '50.
"There is some truth in half the odd. — 2 Sept., '38.
There^ lived a diver once whose boast. — 20 March,
52.
The shell assuaged his sorrow, thee he sang. —
16 Oct., '41.
The tongue of England, that which myriads.—
24 Feb., '49.
Thou in this wide cold church art laid.— 8 Jan., '42.
To write as your sweet mother does. — 19 Aug., '38.
Under the lindens lately sat. — 4 Aug., '55.
Valour not always is propell'd by war. —
27 Sept., '51.
Verona, thy tall gardens stand erect.— 16 Sept., '48.
Welcome, eld friend, these many years.— 5 June,
'52.
Welcome, who last hast climb'd the cloven hill.—
7 Oct., '48.
What brought thee back, lad ? Father ! the same
feet. — 24 Nov., '49.
What slender youth perfused with fresh macassar
— 16 Oct., '52.
When the buds began to burst.— 12 May, '55.
\\ here are the brave ? With God, for earth gives
up.— 16 Sept., '54.
Where art thou gone, light ankled youth. —
5 June, '52.
Who smites the wounded on his bed. — 8 March, '40.
*Whp would believe it e'er could be. — 30 Dec.,
38.
*Why hurrying by us, dost thou cease. — 17 May,
'56.
Wonder not, stranger, coming from the dome. —
15 July, '54.
Years, many parti-colour'd years. — 26 Oct., '50,
Ye springs of Malvern, fresh and bright. —
17 Nov., '55.
For previous explorations in Landor
bibliography see The Athenceum of 31 May
and 12 July, 1902.
STEPHEN WHEELER.
Oriental Club, Hanover Square.
REV. PHILIP HEDGELAND, PREBENDARY
OF EXETER. — This scholarly gentleman was
an early, though an infrequent contributor
to ' N. & Q.,' and he always took a warm
interest in its success. I find that he sent
three communications to the fourth volume
of the First Series (July-December, 1851).
He was then at his first curacy, under the
Rev. Hinds Ho well, in the conjoint parishes
of Bridestowe with Sourton on the north-
west borders of Dartmoor.
He died, nearly 86 years old, at his house
of Chapel St. Clare, ' Penzance, on 17 April.
Most of his working life was connected with
that town. From 1854 to 1860 he was curate
of Madron, its mother parish, and he was
then appointed by the Bishop of Exeter to
the incumbency of the church of St. Mary at
Penzance. During his tenure of that pre-
ferment the eastern part of the borough was
formed into the parish of St. John, with
a new church, the foundation stone of which
was laid by him.
Mr. Hedgeland, who was all his life an
enthusiast for books, was secretary from
1868 to 1872, and then president, of the old
Subscription Library at Penzance. He has
left to it, with the exception of any works
which may be already on its shelves, his own
collections, which were especially rich in
first editions of modern English poets.
Through this gift and those of previous
donors, notably Halliwell - Phillipps, that
town, for its population, is now without
rival in our country, in the possession of a
library containing books both of general
utility and of exceptional value in many
branches of knowledge.
Mr. Hedgeland, a native of the city of
Exeter, was the senior prebendary of that
Cathedral, and his sermons were always
appreciated by a critical audience both there
and in his own parish. He was a lovable
man, with a wide circle of devoted friends.
I rejoice to number myself among them.
W. P. COURTNEY.
366
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. m. MAY 13, 1911.
' THE CHURCHES OF YORKSHIRE. '—As
this book appears sometimes in catalogues
with the note " Vol. I. (all published)," it
may be well to say that two volumes at
least were issued. The work was published
toy T. W. Green of Leeds, in parts appa-
rently. Vol. i. has 7 parts, each part con-
taining some historical matter, as well as
.an architectural description with plates.
They are Introduction, &c., with Adel ;
Methley, Skelton, Bolton Percy, Thirsk,
Birkin, Bubwith. The parts are separately
paged, but each sheet has in its signature
the number of the continuous paging. The
title-page is dated 1844. My copy has no
title-page to vol. ii : it is paged continuously ;
but the first sheet has in the signature 143,
in continuation of vol. i. It contains
Patrington, Skirlaugh, Rotherham, and
chapels at Ripon, Stainburn, and Nun
Monkton, with 26 plates. On p. Ill is
" End of Vol. II."
I should be glad to know the author or
editor. I have heard it spoken of as by
Poole ; but the Rev. G. A. Poole is quoted
.at i. p. 4. He is at least part author, as
he is credited with the descriptions of Birkin,
Patrington, and Skirlaugh. At ii. p. 73
we read : " The author of this description
[of Rotherham] is greatly indebted to a
paper by the Hon. and Rev. W. Howard."
E. H. BROMBY.
University, Melbourne.
SHAKESPEARE ALLUSIONS IN BURTON. —
The following from Burton's * Anatomy of
Melancholy ' are not given in the recent
edition of the ' Shakspere Allusion
Book':—
1. ' Rape of Lucrece,' 1287-8 : —
For that deep torture may be call'd an hell,
Where more is felt, then one hath power to tell.
Part. 1, sect. 4, memb. 1
2. ' Venus and Adonis,' 575-6 : —
Were beauty under twenty locks kept fast,
Yet love breaks through, and picks them all at last.
Part. 3, sect. 2, memb. 2, subs. 2.
The references are to the sixth edition of
the * Anatomy,' 1651-2.
M. A. M. MACALISTER.
FIRST HALFPENNY NEWSPAPER. (See
9 S. ii. 504 ; iv. 270, 357, 425, 526 ; v. 153.)
— The Times of 21 April had the following
paragraph : —
" The First Halfpenny Daily Newspaper. —
To-day The Dundee Courier celebrates its jubilee
as a daily newspaper. In 1816 it was established
as a weekly newspaper and published at Id. a
copy, and in 1861 it became a penny daily journal.
Five years later it reduced its price to a half-
penny, thereby becoming the first halfpenny daily
newspaper in the United Kingdom. The special
number issued to-day consists of 18 pages."
No precise date is given for the change
in price, but, according to MR. GEO. B.
HODGSON at 9 S. iv. 526, The Shields Daily
Gazette, established on 2 July, 1855, as a
penny journal, was converted into a half-
penny one on 2 January, 1864. The date of
The Dundee Courier's like conversion, there-
fore, is of special importance.
On the general subject of cheap news-
papers the following may be added from
The Observer of 23 April :—
" The Dundee Courier, which celebrated its
jubilee on Friday, may have been the first half-
penny paper in the kingdom, but it was not the
cheapest. As long ago as June, 1840, began
The Farthing Journal, a four-page publication
of high-class tone, which struggled along into
fifty-four numbers. Still cheaper (to regular
subscribers) was The Penny -a-Week Country
Daily Miscellany, which, in 1873, offered a large
title for an infinitesimal price, and sold itself
to occasional customers at a farthing a copy."
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
" WAIT AND SEE." — Politics are very
properly excluded from the pages of ' N. & Q.'
but the origin of political catchwords has
often been discussed in these columns. Mr.
Asquith's phrase " Wait and see " is likely
to become historic. I have just come across
another phrase which might be put along-
side of it, and of which it looks almost like
an echo. In the recently published life of
' Gathome Hardy, First Earl of Cranbrook,'
there is this quotation from his diary (vol. i.
p. 110) :— ,
" Lord Deroy is certainly a master of expres-
sion, and some of his speeches admirable. He
advises watching and waiting, which is of course
the only mode in which we can safely act."
This was written in 1857 or 1858. The
italics are mine. R. F. GARDINER.
RAIKES CENTENARY. — In view of the
recent commemoration of the hundredth
anniversary of the demise of Robert Raikes,
the pioneer of Sunday schools, it may be
of interest to readers of ' N. & Q.' to note
that the marriage from which he sprang
took place at this church on 16 May, 1725.
The entry in the register is as follows : —
" Rob* Raikes, of y" City of Gloucester, &
Ann Monk of Sfc Mich" Bassishaw, Lond11 ; wth
Licence, pr Wm Butler."
All the biographies of Raikes (including
that in the 'D.N.B.') appear to have been
compiled in ignorance of the fact that the
marriage of his parents was celebrated here.
WILLIAM MCMURRAY.
St. Anne and St. Agnes, Gresham Street, E.G.
n s. m. MAY 13, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
367
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
SIB JOHN ABTJNDEL OF CLEBKENWELL. —
Who was this knight who contributed 50Z.
to the Spanish Armada fund in 1588 ? In
the registers of St. James's, Clerkenwell,
between 1580 and 1589, there are five entries
of the burials of servants of Sir John Arundel,
.and in 1591-3 of servants of John Arundel,
Esq., though not of the knight himself. The
name appears to have continued in the
parish for some time. W. D. PINK.
MBS. BBOWNING'S POBTBAIT. — I under-
stand that a coloured crayon drawing of Mrs.
Browning appeared in a London saleroom in
1908, but I have been unable to trace it.
•Can any reader give me information regarding
its present ownership ?
W. J. WILLIAMS.
The Bungalow, Addlestone, S.O., Surrey.
GLADSTONE ON THE UPAS TBEE. — Can
.any reader kindly give me a reference to
Gladstone's use of the phrase "upas tree " ?
I believe he used it in a speech, or perhaps a
letter, during the sixties. My search has
liitherto been fruitless, and I shall be glad to
trace the occasion on which Gladstone used
the words. H. T. C.
" THAT MAN is THOUGHT A DANGEBOUS
KNAVE." — A poem, belonging, I think, to the
middle of the last century, and entitled, I
believe, ' The Men of Old,' begins : —
That man is thought a dangerous knave,
Or zealot plotting crime,
Who for advancement of his kind
Is wiser than his time.
Who is the author ? E. V. L.
* BBITONS, STBIKE HOME! ' — Who wrote
the words of this song ? V. H. C.
[The song is No. 44 in Dr. F. J. Sawyer's ' Graded
iSchool-Song Book ' (published by the Vincent Music
Company), but a note at the head of it says :
" Modern words by F. J. S., except verse 3, which
is traditional."]
' RALPH ROISTEB DOISTEB.' — Udal died
in 1555. Is there any authority for suggest-
ing that the prayer for the Queen with which
the play ends was written by another hand
in praise of Mary's successor ? It is true
that the " flagellant head master of Eton "
was not in disfavour with Mary, but would
a divine with such Protestant leanings have
prayed that she should defend the faith ?
If J. A. Symonds and the editors of the play
in " The Temple Dramatists " are correct,
' Ralph Roister Doister ' was written before
1553, and therefore before any queen sat on
the throne of England.
The lines are quite in keeping with Eliza-
bethan eulogy. The play was not printed
until, the eighth year of Elizabeth's reign.
P. A. McELWAINE.
SHAKESPEABE : TALLIS & Co.'s EDITION.
— I shall be glad to learn the literary value
of the three-volume edition of Shakespeare's
works, published by Messrs. Tallis & Co. I
subjoin a copy of the title-page.
" The Complete Works of Shakspere | Revised
from the original Editions | with | Historical and
Analytical Introductions to each Play [ also | Notes
Explanatory and Critical and Life of the Poet | by
J. O. Halli'well, Esq. F.R.S. F.S.A. | Member of
the Council of the Shakspere Society etc. | and
other eminent Commentators. | Elegantly and
appropriately illustrated by | Portraits engraved
on steel, from daguerreotypes | of the greatest and
most intellectual actors | of the age. 1 Taken in the
embodiment of the varied | and life-like characters
of our great national I poet. | Comedies. | Printed
and Published by John Tallis and Company | Lon-
don and New York."
When was this edition published, and how
many copies were issued ? Has it any
relation to a superb edition published, or
prepared, by J. O. Halliwell, in 16 volumes,
of which only -150 copies or so -were printed ?
GEO. CONNELL.
WILLIAM EVATT, CLEBK OF THE HOUSE
OF COMMONS 1784-1802.— I should be glad
to know if William Evatt of St. Paul's,
Co vent Garden, who married in 1763 Susan
Brown of Hackney, had previously married
a Miss Taverner. I notice that Francis
Taverner was with William Evatt a witness
to another Evatt marriage in 1755.
G. J. H. EVATT, Surgeon-General.
Junior United Service Club, S. W.
" WELCOME AS THE FLOWEBS IN MAY."-
How old is this form of greeting ? It was
in constant use years ago amongst ordinary
folk, and many a stranger has been greeted
as a friend by " A'wm glad ter sey yo : y'or
as welcome as flowers i' May." How far
back can it be traced ?
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
' THE COMING NATION.' — Address wanted
of publisher of an English periodical, The
Coming Nation. It is not in the B. M.
Catalogue. W. H. SHBUBSOLE.
22, Halons Road, Eltham.
368
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAY is, mi.
PETER DE WINT. — Can any one direct me
to collections in private hands of works of
this artist ? I know of those in the South
Kensington Museum and the Tate Gallery.
I am particularly anxious to trace the
present whereabouts of four of his drawings :
1. A view of Lancaster, exhibited at the Society
of Painters in Water Colours in 1826.
2. A view of Morecambe Bay, exhibited in 1830.
3. 'A Salmon Leap at Lynmouth,' shown in 1844.
4. A view on the river Dart (his last picture),
exhibited in 1849.
Is there any portrait of him known ?
Where can the catalogue of Messrs. J. & W.
Vokins's Centenary Exhibition of his
Drawings in 1884 be obtained ?
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A, F.S.A.
Lancaster.
PEAKE AND PYKE FAMILIES OF SOUTH-
WARE:. — It would be interesting to discover
what connexion, if any, existed between
these two families.
" Richard Elliott of St. Clement Danes, citizen
and blower, bachelor, about 24, and Sarah Peake
of St. Olave, Southwark, spinster, about 22, her
parents dead— at St. Botolph, Aldgate, All Hallows,
Barking, or Trinity, Minories. 31 Oct., 1666. V."—
C)». 'London Marriage Licenses' ed. Jos. Foster
London, 1887, col. 449.
"1722,3, Feb. 7. Joseph Course of St. Olave,
Southwark, Surry, B., and Sarah Peck of St. Saviour,
Southwark, Surry, S."— Cp. ' Register of St. Bene't,
Paul's Wharf,' vol. ii. Marriages, p. 250, London,
1910.
Below are two unpublished marriage
licences from the Vicar-General's Office,
London : —
"27 August, 1755. John Pyke of the parish of
St. Mary'Magdalen, Milk Street, London, a widower,
and Isabella Price of the parish of St. Qlave, South-
wark, in the county of Surrey, a spinster, of the age
of twenty-six years. To marry in the parish church
of St. Olave, Southwark."
" 28 February, 1746. William Pyke of the parish
of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, in the county of Middle-
sex, aged twenty-five years and a bachelor, and
Sarah Day of the same parish, a widow. To marry
in the parish church of St. Bennet, near Paul's
Wharf, London."
This William' Pyke and Sarah his]wife were,
HO doubt, identical with their namesakes
mentioned in the will of James Pyke, his
uncle, cited at US. ii. 44-45, q.v.
The will of Edward Pyke of St. Mary
Magdalene, Bermondsey, 21 Feb., 1766,
mentions " Mary Price, daughter of Mr!
Price of the Poultry, surgeon's instrument
maker " (proved 20 July, 1767, P. C. C., reg.
Legard, fo. 278).
The \\ill of Richard Pyke, citizen and cord-
wainer (dated 23 Jan., 1730, proved 26 March,
1731 ; executors, William Turner of West-
minster, hackney coachman, and Richard
Williams of Leadenhall Street, goldsmith)*
mentions sons Waddis Pyke and Henry Pike
(P. C. C., reg. Isham, 78).
EUGENE F. McPiKE.
1, Park;Row, Chicago.
" CLERK OF THE PAPERS." — What was
the office so described ? It is found in
MS. on the fly-leaf cf the B.M. copy of
'Nobilis Pharmacopolo,' 1693, the author-
ship being given thus : —
" Auctore Kingsmill De Wood Street Counter
Clerk e of *• papers Anno 1693. I have forgot his
Christian name. Jn° Cooke, ex dono authoris."
XYLOGRAPHER.
LAWTON AND INMAN FAMILIES. — I should
be glad of any information about Miss
Lawton, daughter of Law ton of Lawton
Hall, co. Chester, who married George Ray
about 1790-1800. Their son John Ray
married Elizabeth Sutton Inman, daughter
of John Inman of Chesterfield, end inherited
Heanor Hall, Derbyshire, from her aunt
Mrs, Sutton- 1 want to know the name of
John Inman' s wife and of his father-in-law.
Information can be forwarded direct to
MRS. CHARLES RIDDEI.L.
8, Elm Park Gardens, South Kensington, S.W.
WOOLSTHORPE : ITS DERIVATION. In
Canon Streatfeild's * Lincolnshire and the
Danes ' (p. 73) we are told that one of
the many traces of Danish occupation in the
county is the place-name of Sir Isaac
Newton's birth-place — Woolsthorpe, for in
the word " we have the meagre remains of
Ulfstanetorp," the first syllable being derived
from the Danish word (Ulf ) for a wolf. He
adds in a note that this is the form of the
word in Domesday Book.
Now there are two villages of that name
in that part of Lincolnshire, and Newton's
birthplace is the smaller, being in fact only
a hamlet pertaining to Colsterworth, which
is about 8 miles south of Grantham. The
other Woolsthorpe is 5£ miles W.S.W. of
Grantham, and before the modern church
(which was erected in 1845-7) had an old
one, which was burnt by the Parliamentary
army in the Civil War whilst besieging
Belvoir Castle, some part of the ruins being
still left.
Are we to suppose that both these places
have the same derivation, or is it certain
that the one mentioned in Domesday is
Newton's birthplace ? Canon Streatfeild
does not mention Colsterworth in his book,
or refer to any other Woolsthorpe.
W. T. LYNN.
Blackheath.
us. m. MAY is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
369
SIEGE OF DERBY : REV. JAMES GORDON. —
Macaulay flouted the story told by Wodrow
(' Analecta ' i. 126, ii. 108) that the Rev.
James Gordon was the man who directed
the breaking of the boom in Derry Lough.
Gordon was a notorious person. I have
just been able to identify him as the minister
deposed from Glass, Aberdeenshire, in 1667,
and from Coul], in the same county, 1673.
He died as the minister of Cardross in 1693,
aged 48. Between 1682 and 1690 he was
in Ireland, an extraordinary account of his
offer of spy-work appearing in the new
(sixth) volume of the Ormonde Papers. The
Banffxhire Advertiser began on 6 April a
long account of his career by the present
writer. Is there any corroboration what-
ever of Wodrow's story about Gordon's
"relief1' of Derry? J. M. BULLOCH.
118, Pall Mall, S.W.
THOMAS THANE'S MSS. — What happened
to "Thomas Thane's collbction of MSS. ?
Was it sold by auction ? If so, what was
the date of the sale ? C. JERMYN.
PUTNEY BOWLING-GREEN. — The following
13 from The Daily Advertiser of 1742 : —
Putney Bowling-Green, May 13, 1742.
On Monday next, the 17th instant, a Break-
fast-Room will be open'd, where the best of
every thing will be provided for the Reception
of those Gentlemen and Ladies who will honour
me with their Company. The Green will be
open'd and in good Order, by
Your humble Servant,
ROGER PARRY.
Does the Green still exist ? If not, where
was it ? J. H. MACMICHAEL.
DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH'S GODMOTHER. —
Can any reader of ' N. & Q.' tell me the name
of the godmother of the first Duke of Marl-
borough ? Either she or a near descendant
was named Churchill, but whether before
or after marriage I cannot say. I want the
name for genealogical purposes.
MRS. WARRY.
39, Filey Avenue, Upper Clapton, N.
BONAR & Co. — There has been a firm in
London of the name of Thomson Bonar
& Co. for about 150 years or more. I am
anxious to know when the firm was founded,
who were the first members of it, the nature
of the business carried on, and any such par-
ticulars. I believe the Bonars ceased to
have any interest in it by about 1840. One
member was Mr. Thomson Bonar, who with
his wife was murdered by their manservant
at their country house, Camden Place, Kent,
about 1813. HORATIUS BONAR.
38, Margaret's Road, Edinburgh.
HORSES AND MARKET TOLLS. — The market
of the city of Coventry was toll-free, except
for horses bought and sold there, as early
as Edward I.'s time. Is there any other
instance of this ? Is there any instance of
a horse- toll paid by a tenant of a house in
mediaeval times ?
MARY DORMER HARRIS.
[Horses with four white feet were specially,
exempted from paying tolls. See 9 S. vi. 507; vii.
Ill ; x. 116 ; 10 S. vi. 436 ; vii. 378.]
SUBSIDY ROLLS, LANCASHIRE, 1663. — I
should be greatly obliged if any reader could
tell me whether it is possible from the
Subsidy Lists of the seventeenth century
to arrive at an approximate estimate of
the incomes of the various persons assessed.
For instance, in the widely extending
parish of Blackburn, Lancashire, the follow-
ing persons inter alios were assessed for the
subsidy of 1663 in respect of their lands : —
Alexander Osbaldeston of Osbaldeston, in
terris, value 5L, payment 40s.
Ralph Livesey of Livesey, in terris, value 31.,
payment 24s.
Thos. Haworth of Lower Darwen, in terris,
value 31., payment 24s.
Thos. Astley of Stakes Hall, in Livesey, in
terris, value 50s., payment 20s.
Thos. Ainsworth of Pleasington Hall, in terris,
value 40s., payment 16s.
These persons were members of old land-
owning families, all of whom appeared and
recorded their pedigrees at Dugdale's visita-
tion of Lancashire, 1664-5.
Other persons were assessed in respect of
their personal estate ; for instance,
Richard Ainsworth of Pleasington, in bonis,
value 51., payment 26s. 8d.
Peter Haworth, Jun., of Lower Darwen, in
bonis, value 51., payment 26s. 8d.
Thos. Hay dock of Mellor, in bonis, value 51. ,
payment 26s. 8d.
Robt. Piccope of Lower Darwen, in bonis,
value 51., payment 26s. 8d.
It will be noticed that these four men paid
higher taxes than some of the landowners,
although the incomes of the latter must
have been larger. Is this capable of ex-
planation ? W. H.
COLLEGES OF COMMERCE. — In The Daily
Journal cf 1 January, 1726, it is noted from
" Petersburg!!," under date 5 Dec. (1725) :
" Her Czarian Majesty has confirm'd the
Present which the late Czar made to the Colleges
of Commerce here, and at Riga, Revel, and
Wyburg, of several Ships of different Burdens,
to encourage them to promote the Trade of those
Cities."
Were these " Colleges of Commerce "
what in these later days are termed Chambers
of Commerce ? POLITICIAN.
370
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. MAY 13, wn.
BLACK BANDSMEN IN THE ARMY.
(11 S. iii. 287, 336.)
THEIR origin is explained in J. A. Kappey's
* History of Military Music' (1894). The
redoubtable Turkish troops, the Janissaries,
possessed bands of music (!) that made large
use of instruments of percussion, viz., cym-
bals, triangle, tambourine, bass-drum, &c., the
melody instruments being a form of bagpipes.
The leader of the band carried a pole headed
by a three-tailed crescent. The Janissary
bands discoursed wild music during the pro-
gress of a battle. About the close of the
seventeenth century the Sultan presented
August II., King of Poland and Elector of
Saxony, with a complete Janissary band.
As the original performers died off, more
civilized and more melodious instruments
were introduced ; but pains were taken that
the original character of the band should be
preserved in the persons of the performers
upon the percussion instruments. For the
latter purpose, Orientals, half - castes,
negroes, &c., were specially engaged, and
dressed up like the Janissaries. In course
of time nearly all the German States
possessed military bands so constituted.
Down to 1783 the bands of the British
Guards consisted of about eight hautboys.
One of these bands refused to play at an
aquatic party for the officers, and, as the men
were not attested, they could not be accused
of insubordination. The officers petitioned
the Duke of York, Commander-in-Chief,
that bandsmen should be made subject
to military law. The Duke, who was in
Hanover at the time, sent the regiment a
complete German military band, which in-
cluded turbaned negro players of percussion
instruments. These black bandsmen
delighted the London crowd, and every regi-
ment in the service, including the militia,
hastened to reorganize its band, and to
get hold of coloured performers en the bass-
drum, cymbals, &c.
It should be noted that, although black
bandsmen have gone out of fashion, a relic
of the Janissary influence is still preserved
in the Prussian service. The three-tailed
crescent is seen in all military bands, save
that it has been altered to carry musical
bells, or a kind of dulcimer, known as the
" Glockenspiel." The latter instrument is
now pretty common in our military bands.
I believe ji> was introduced by the North-
amptonshire Regiment when stationed at
Aldershot about twenty years ago. The pole
is ornamented with horsehair plumes after
the ancient Turkish fashion.
H. G. ARCHER.
I believe it to be only a coincidence that
the employment of black bandsmen in the
British Army synchronizes with the employ-
ment of black pages by fashionable ladies.
The native regiments of the Madras Army
before 1767 were accompanied by men
playing tom-toms and trumpets. In or
about that year these were discontinued in
favour of drums " as soon as a sufficient
number of men could be taught the beats as
practised in the European battalions "
(Wilson's ' History of the Madras Army,'
i. 235). The further history of the move-
ment in India is obscure ; but by the end of
the century it is certain that the drummers of
the native corps and of the European regi-
ments in the service of the East India Com-
pany were the dark-skinned sons of British
soldiers by native mothers. They were found
to be efficient and to satisfy all military re-
quirements. There were many negroes in the
Madras regiments in the eighteenth century.
The Company imported them for military
purposes! Some of these and their mixed
descendants found their way into the bands,
probably because of the facility with which
they were able to play cur instruments of
music.
I suggest that a similar process took place
in the West Indies, and in North America,
where the King's regiments were stationed ;
and that the negroes were enlisted as drum-
mers and bandsmen because of their fitness
for the work, and because of the difficulty •
of getting boys and men from England.
When once enlisted, they found their way to
England in the ordinary course of their
regiment's tour of service.
FRANK PENNY.
In the parish register of Taunton, St.
Mary Magdalene, under " Burialls," this
entry occurs : —
" May 1724. Charles Sipprie, a black Drum beater
in Gen" Evins is Regmt. of Dragoons belonging to
Capt. Charles Knox is Troop. 3. * Aff."
The 3 after the word " Troop " refers to the
day of the month, and " Aff." to the affidavit
produced before the officiating minister
that the body had been wrapped up for
burial " in sheep's wool only."
In Taunton, close to St. Mary's church-
yard, was Black Boy Lane (demolished
rather more than forty years ago), so called
n s. in. MAY 13, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
371
from the "Black Boy" public-house, which
stood on the left going down. Black Boy
Hill, Bristol, and Black Boy Road, Exeter,
were most likely in the same manner
named after inns.
Sipprie probably played the kettledrums,
and the entry may be taken to imply that
there was a drummer attached to each troop
of horse. The parish register of Taunton,
St. Mary Magdalene, contains several entries
relating to soldiers, the King's Way or
Great Western Road, from London to
Exeter passing through the centre of
Taunton. ALFRED JAS. MONDAY.
In my quotation from Sibbald Scott's
' British Army,' ante, p. 337, the I from the
word " clash -pans " has slipped into the
word above it. W. S.
In Caton Woodville's picture of the only
existing cavalry which belonged to the
Parliamentary Army in ,the reign of
Charles I., namely, what are now "called
"the Blues," the kettledrums are being
played by a black. J. E. F.
[ScoTus also thanked for reply.]
the ground that " it would certainly be very
unbecoming in me to exhibit my honoured
father and my respected friend, as intel-
lectual gladiators, for the entertainment of
the public."
Fortunately Boswell's conscientious omis-
sion was remedied by the delightful note of
Sir Walter Scott's in Croker's edition, where
we learn that
*' the controversy between Tory and Covenanter
raged with great fury, and ended in Johnson's
pressing upon the old judge the question, what
good Cromwell, of whom he had said something
derogatory, had ever done to his country ; when,
after being much tortured, Lord Auchinleck at
last spoke out, 'God, doctor! he gart kings ken
that they had a lith in their neck.' "
The raciness of this remark naturally
appealed to Carlyle. He quoted it, but not
quite verbatim, in his review of Croker in
Fraser's (1832\ See Carlyle's ' Critical and
Miscellaneous
edition, p. 97.
Essays,' vol. iv., shilling
EDWARD BENSLY.
MADAME VESTRIS (11 S. iii. 328;. — The
brochure referred to by MR. MAYCOCK is,
I regret to say, not "rather scarce." It is
an enlargement of John Duncombe's scurri-
lous print, n.d., but on Lowe's authority
1826. See 'A Bibliographical Account of
Theatrical Literature,' 1888. The edition
of 1839 is a compilation of Duncombe's
and others dealing with the same subject
with a very free-and-easy hand.
Public people are public property, but
even the curiously disposed may well rest
contented with the authorities quoted by
your correspondent and the account of the
stage career of Madame Vestris contributed
to the 'D.N.B.' by Joseph Knight.
PLAYGOER.
CARLYLE AND CHARLES I. (11 S. iii. 328).—
The author of the aphorism after which MR.
EDGCUMBE inquires was James Boswell's
father, Lord Auchinleck ; the occasion, the
visit made by Dr. Johnson and his young
admirer to the elder Boswell's house in
November, 1773. The son says in his
'Life of Johnson,' p. 397, ed. 1876, "If
[ recollect right, the contest began while
my father was showing him his collection of
medals ; and Oliver Cromwell's coin un-
fortunately introduced Charles the First and'
Toryism " ; but he suppressed the details, on
The epigram was uttered by Lord
Auchinleck, the father of Boswell. Birk-
beck Hill (' Boswell,' v. 383) reminds us that
Quin the actor is said to have made a similar
remark : but Lord Auchinleck' s clincher
was due to his own brain.
W. P. COURTNEY.
[Several other correspondents thanked for the
reference to Boswell.]
DAY : MAY - GAMES : MAY - POLES
iii. 321). — :Stow, in his 'Survey of
MAY
(11 S.
London,' which was published in 1603, states
that in the month of May the citizens of
London of all estates, lightly in every parish,
or sometimes two or three parishes joining
together, had their several mayings, and did
fetch in may-polers, with divers warlike
shows, with good archers, morris dancers,
end other devices, for pastime all the day
long, and that toward the evening they had
stage plays, and bonfires in the streets. He
also quotes Edward Hall, the historian, from
whom he frequently borrowed, as recording
that King Henry VIII. one May day in the
morning, with Queen Catherine, accompanied
with many lords and ladies, rode a-maying
from Greenwich to Shooter's Hill, and how
delighted they were with the sports they
witnessed. STAPLETON MARTIN.
The Firs, Norton, Worcester.
Philip Stubbes in ' The Anatomie of
Abuses ' (1 May, 1583) denounces May-
games and such like amusements : —
'They haue twentie or fortie yoke of Oxen,
euery Oxe hauing a sweet nose-gay of flouers placed
on the tip of his homes ; and these Oxen drawe
372
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. in. MAY 13, mi.
home this May-pole (this stinking Ydol, rather)
which is couered all puer with floures and hearbs,
bound round about with strings from the top to the
bottome, and sometime painted with variable
colours, with two or three hundred men, women,
and children, following it with great deuotion.
And thus being reared up with hankercheefs and
flags houering on the top, they straw the ground
rounde about, binde green boughes about it, set up
sommer haules, bowers, and arbors hard by it;
And then fall they to daunce about it, like as the
heathen people did at the dedication of the Idols,
whereof this is a perfect pattern, or rather the
thing it self."
A. R. BAYLEY.
GEFFEBY LE BAKESTEB DE LOFFITHE (11
S. iii. 207). — Baker, Bakester, or Bakyster,
and Baxter are the same name under different
spellings, and the word represents the occu-
pation of the person so designated. In the
* Calendar of Documents for Scotland,'
the ' Registers of the Great Seal,' and the
' Exchequer Rolls ' the name appears fre-
quently under one or other of its various
forms. In 1252 payment was made " for the
pack-horse of Master Geoffry the baker
(pistor) which he lost in coming from Scot-
land." In 1296 "Geffrei le Baxtere of
Lossithe, Forfarshire," swore fealty to
King Edward I. Though the interval
between the above dates is considerable,
there is nothing impossible in the supposition
that both entries refer to the same person.
SCOTUS.
Sm MILES WHABTON (US. iii. 309). — This
gentleman belonged to an old Yorkshire
family, long settled at Beverley. His grand-
father, Sir Michael Wharton, was a sturdy
Cavalier, whose estate in the ' Catalogue of
the Lords, Knights, and Gentlemen that
have compounded for their Estates' was
rated at 4,3701. with 180?. per annum
settled. He died in 1655, and, as his son
Michael had predeceased him, was succeeded
by a grandson of the same name, who was
42 years of age on 15 September, 1666, and
must therefore have been born in 1624. He
married Susan, daughter of John, Lord
Poulett of Hinton St. George, co. Somerset,
and had issue three sons. Miles, the eldest,
was knighted at Whitehall, 30 June, 1666.
He sat in several Parliaments for the borough
of Beverley, and, owing probably to the fact
that his ancestors for five generations had
always been called Michael, he figures in the
Returns of Members of Parliament, as well
as frequently in the correspondence of the
period, as " Sir Michael." So usually was this
the case that in a letter in which he happens'
to be called by his right name, the editor of
the Portland MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.,
15th Report, App., part iv. p. 494) puts
a sic after the name Miles. So far as
I can discover, however, no one of the
name of " Sir Michael Wharton " was alive
during the reigns of William III. and Queen
Anne. He sat as member for Beverley in the
Parliament of 1701, lost his seat for that of
1705, but was re-elected in those of 1708,
1710, 1713, and 1714/15. He was a man of
some humour, as is evinced in the anecdote
narrated in the query.
Another joke of his is also recorded. In
a letter to the Duke of Newcastle, dated
3 May, 1-695, the writer says : —
" Nothing of the- Duke of Leeds but that he
kept open house at Hell (Hull ? ) with rost beef e
and pott ale to debauch Lord Morley, Hunsden,
Culpepper, and the rest of the Mumpers. Sir
Michael [Miles] Wharton's pun was that the
House of Commons should send him Sauce
Robart to his beefe."— Hist. MSS. Comm., 13th
Report, App., part ii. p. 173.
I will leave it to the readers of ' N. & Q.
to interpret this witticism.
Sir Miles Wharton died unmarried in
March, 1724/5, leaving unfortunately no
descendants to inherit his pawky humour
and his honesty of principle.
W. F. PBIDEAUX.
Sir Miles Wharton was eldest son and heir
of Michael Wharton (or Warton) of Beverley
Park, Yorks (who was M.P. for Beverley
1660-87, and died in August, 1688), by
Susannah, 3rd daughter of John, 1st Baron
Poulett of Hinton St. George. He was
knighted at Whitehall during his father's
lifetime, 30 June, 1666 ; M.P. for Borough-
bridge, 1675-9 ; Hull, 1679-81 ; and for
Beverley in ten Parliaments, 1689-1702 and
1708-22. He died unmarried 25 March,
1725, and was buried in Beverley Minster.
Sir Miles (who is mostly called Sir Michael)
was a great benefactor to the town of
Beverley, and contributed largely, alike by
gifts during his life and by will, to the
repair and embellishment of the Minster.
W. D. PINK.
Sir Mile? Wharton's pedigree is in Le
Neve's 'Knights,' p. 205.
JOHN R. MAGBATH.
Queen's College, Oxford.
[MB. A. B. BEAVEN also thanked for reply.]
AUTHOBS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED
(11 S. ii. 408, 512 ; iii. 253). — At the second
reference MB. PIEBPOINT mentioned that
Nicholas Reusner in his ' Symbola Heroica '
(10th ed., London, 1664, Symbolum xxi,
p. 468) attributed to Thucydides the words
ii s. in. MAY is, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
373
KCU/OOJ SovXeveiv rovs SOKOVVTO.S ap-^eiv, a
quotation which his own search had failed
to discover. FINGLAN, while pointing out
that nothing resembling this can be found in
Bctant's ' Lexicon Thucydideum,' quotes
Palladas's line (' Anth. Pal.,' ix. 441, 6),
Kaipti 8oV\€V€LV KCU $€OS MV €fJ.a.BoV.
The last will be found among the proverbial
phrases {" tempori serviendnm est." &c.)
given in A. Otto's ' Sprich\* orter ' under
' tempus ' (3). One might add to these
KOU/>U) Xarpevciv, /X7/8' avrnrveetv di'e/xo«riv,
4 Pseudophocylidea,' 121 ('Anthologia Lyrica,
ed. 4, E. Miller, p. 340).
But the source for Reusner's quotation is
Plutarch's 'Life of Aratus,' 1047 ^ B, c:
'AAAa opwv (XTrayoouTT/TOV ^TTiK(.i^vrjV dvdjKrjv
KCU TOV KO-lpOV CO 8ovX.€VOV(TlV OL 6\)KOWT€9
apxttv e^oj/ott ?rpos TO SetvoV. I have been
led to this passage by Lange's ' Polyanthea,'
ed. 1659, col. 2704, s.v. ' tempus,' although
Lange does not give the full reference.
EDWAKD BENSLY.
CAPT. COOK MEMORIAL (11 S. iii. 165,
232, 295). — Through the kindness of a friend
I am now enabled to give the following
particulars concerning the Memorial on
Easby Moor. It consists of a grey stone
column, starting with a width of 12 ft. at the
base, and running up in a slender shape to a
height of 51 ft. The obelisk is hollow, and at
the eastern side is an acutely pointed Gothic
doorway. On the western side is a tablet
bearing the following inscription : —
" Erected to the memory of the celebrated
Circumnavigator, Captain James Cook, F.B.S.,
a man in nautical skill scarcely inferior to any,
and in zeal, prudence, and indefatigable exertion
superior to most. Regardless of personal danger
he opened an intercourse with the inhabitants
of the Society Islands and other portions of the
Southern Hemisphere. He was born at Marton
in this neighbourhood, 27th October, 1728, and
was massacred at Owhyhee 14th January, 1779,
to the unspeakable grief and disappointment of
his countrymen. While the sciences in general,
and navigation in particular, shall be cultivated
amongst men, while the spirit of enterprise,
commerce, and philanthropy shall animate the
sons of Britain, whilst it shall be deemed the
high honour of a Christian nation to spread the
enjoyments of civilized life and the higher blessings
of the Christian faith among Pagan and savage
tribes, so long will the name of Captain Cook
stand enrolled among the most celebrated and
most admired of the benefactors of the human
race. As a token of respect for, and admiration
of, the character and labours of this truly great
man, who served his apprenticeship to sea from
Whitby, this monument was erected by Robert
Campion, Esq., of Whitby, and Lord of the
Manor of Easby. The foundation stone was
laid by him 12th July, 1827, being the anniversary
1 of the day on which Captain Cook commenced
his last voyage, and of the birth of the founder ;
and it 'was finished 27th October, 1827, being
Captain Cook's birthday, and wanting only one
year to complete the centenary."
On the wall of the Cook Memorial School
at Merton, Yorkshire, is a tablet inscribed
as follows : —
To the memory of
Captain James Cook
who was born in this parish
Oct. 27th, 1728.
This tablet was erected by the parishioners of
Marton
A.D. 1812.
Re-erected here at the
building of the Memorial School
A.D. 1850.
JOHN T. PAGE.
In the copy of Capt. Cook's marriage
extracted from the Barking registers^ the
name of the third witness is given as " Wm
Everitt." I. have before me a facsimile
(photograph) of the entry in the register,
in which the name clearly appears as " Wm
Everrest." Perhaps the discrepancy is of
little moment ; still, for the sake of accuracy,
I make the correction.
T. H. WOODWABK.
' CHURCH HISTOBIANS OF ENGLAND '
(11 S. iii. 308). — With regard to the publica-
tion of ' The Church Historians of England,'
which was commenced nearly sixty years
ago, we are not able to give much infor-
mation. A few years later the series ceased
to be the property of the firm, and sub-
sequently the stock was handed over by us.
Of the total number of volumes issued we
have not at this distance of time a clear
recollection. SEELEY & Co., LTD.
38, Great Russell Street, W.C.
Of the " Pre-Reformation Series " part i.
of vol. i. and part ii. of vol. v. were never
published.
Of the " Reformation Series," consisting
of Foxe only, all the parts of the eight
volumes were published, but part i. of vol. i.
appeared later than the other parts. See
7 S. viii. 128, 235.
My authority for my reply at the latter
reference was a letter, dated 12 March,
1883, written to me by Mr. G. Seeley. As
I then said, " I am without part i. of vol. i.
of the ' Reformation Series,' which I much
wish that I could get."
ROBEKT PlEBPOINT.
SA, Bickenhall Mansions, W.
374
NOTES AND QUERIES. Ui s. m. MAY is, 1911.
For the above collection the Rev. Joseph
Stevenson edited : —
Historical Works of the Venerable Beda. 1853.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ; Chronicle of Florence
of Worcester. 1853.
History of Kings of England, &c., hy William
of Malmesbury. 1854.
Chronicle of Fabius Ethehverd ; Asser's Annals
of King Alfred ; The Book of Hyde ; Chronicles
of John of Wallingford ; History of Ingulf ; and
Gaimar. 1854.
Historical Works of Simeon of Durham. 1855.
History of William of Newburgh ; Chronicles
of Robert de Monte. 1856.
Chronicles of John and Richard of Hexham ;
of Holyrood ; of Melrose ; and Jordan Fantosme's
Chronicle. 1856.
A. R. BAYLEY.
The series known as ' The Church His-
torians of England ' was edited, and in part
translated from the originals, by the Rev.
Joseph Stevenson. It was begun in 1853, and
brought to a close in 1858. The series,
according to Allibone, is complete in 5 vols.
extended to 8, that is, three of the volumes
contained two parts. Vol. i., 1853, vol. ii.,
1854, and vol. iv., 1856, were double or two
two-part volumes ; vols. iii. and v. were single.
' The Historical Works of the Venerable
Beda ' were contained in vol. i. part i., vol. i.
part ii. consisted of ' The Anglo-Saxon
Chronicle ' and the ' Chronicle of Florence
of Worcester.' There was no second part
of vol. v. W. SCOTT.
LAMB, BURTON, AND FRANCIS SPIERA
(11 S. iii. 61, 152, 212).— PROF. BENSLY
is quite right, and I must apologize, and am
much obliged to him for having challenged
my statements, as it induced me to renew
my researches.
There is a copy of ' Francisci Spierse
Historia ' in the British Museum (press-mark
719. e. 38), but without place or date, and
the Transylvanian writer's contribution
occurs at the reference indicated by PROF.
BENSLY. In the introduction the writer
is described as
'* Sigisraundus Gelous, Pannonius, cujus eruditio
et probitas, et pietas singularis, non in Pannonia
modo, sed etiam apud I talcs' et Saxonas [sic],
celebratur."
Petrus Paulus Vergerius, another of the
four witnesses in the book, refers to him
as " D. Sigismundus Gelous, philosophise
professor."
Having thus obtained a clue, I pursued
the search in another direction, and soon
discovered that Gelous was known in his
native country under the name of " Torda,"
who published in Vienna, in 1554, some
' Epigrammata Sigismundi Tordas Geloi.'
According to Szabo, the Hungarian biblio-
grapher, his name was Dr. Sigismundus
Torda de Gyalu ; he was a doctor of medicine
and professor at Eperjes in Hungary. Gyalu
in Transylvania was, no doubt, his native
place, and Gelous is meant for "native
of Gyalu." An ' Oratio de Beatudine
was published by him at Padua with a
dedication dated 1549. At Melanchthon's
suggestion, he tells us, he translated into
Latin the ' Orestes ' of Euripides, and pub-
lished the translation at Basel in 1551. The
same year he married Euphemia, the daughter
pf Georgius Wernherus, the well-known
author of * De admirandis Hungariae aquis,'
the event being celebrated by the publication
in Prague of " epigrammata aliquot "
written "a Boiemis poeticse studiosis."
He seems to have got on well in the world,
as he published in Vienna, in 1563, a new
edition of Galeoti Martii 'Libellus Elegans
de Egregie, Sapienter, Jocose Dictis F,C
Factis Matthiae Sereniss. Ungarise Regis,'
upon the title-page of which he names and
describes himself as " Sigismundus Torda
Cameras Hungaricae, et Sacrae Caesariae
Regiaeque Majestatis, &c. Consiliarius."
I have not been able to discover anything
about him after this date. L. L. K.
SCOTTISH TITLES CONFERRED BY OLIVER
CROMWELL (US. iii. 88, 193).— If the Blue-
book of ' Members of Parliament,' 69 — L, is
correct, Sir Archibald Johnestone was Lord
Waristoune some years before Cromwell
instituted his Upper House.
In the Blue-book, under " Parliament cf
Scotland, 20-22 Charles I. (1644-7)," one of
the representatives of Edinburghshire was
" Sir Archibald Johnestone, Lord Waris-
toune, Senator of the College of Justice,
Sess. 1, 2, 5, 6."
In the preceding " Convention of the
Estates of Scotland," 19-20 Charles I.
(1643-4), appears for Edinburghshire "Sir
Archibald Johnston, of Waristoun, Senator
of the College of Justice, Sess. 1, 2."
In the succeeding " Parliament of Scot-
land, 23 Charles I.— 3 Charles II. (1648-51),"
under " Edinburghshire "is " Sir Archibald
Johnstoun, of Warristoun, Knt., Senator of
the College of Justice, Sess. 2."
" Sess." means " Sessions," and the
numbers indicate the member's sessions of
attendance.
Assuming Sir Archibald was Lord Waris- •
toune in 1644—7, it would appear that he
did not " receive " that title from Cromwell,
who may have summoned him under that
title to his Upper House. It may be, how-
ii s. m. MAY 13, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
375
ever, that the title of " Lord Waristouno "
was written in after he had been summoned
to Cromwell's Upper House.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
JUNITJS AND THE DlJKE OF BEDFORD
(US. iii. 227, 292).— May I be permitted,
as a descendant of the country attorney
who horsewhipped the Duke of Bedford
on the racecourse at Lichfield, to correct the
spelling of his name ? MR. BLEACKLEY in his
query has repeated the error which appears
in most, if not all, of the editions of Junius's
Letters.
The name " Heston Homphrey " is a
printer's error, and should be Jeston Horn-
fray. Jeston is a favourite name in the
family, and is now borne by merhbers of the
different branches, being first adopted when
Francis Homfray of Old Swinford, Staffs,
ironmaster, married Mary, daughter of John
Jeston, of the Heath, near Stourbridge.
The reason of the horsewhipping is also
important, and I much question if any of
the readers of Junius know why the country
attorney administered so severe a castigation
on a man who had violated the laws of society
and lost the respect of all right-minded
persons.
The Duke had just lost his only son by a
fall from his horse, and the father was so
regardless of decency and humanity that
he went to Lichfield Races when his son was
lying dead in his house. An attorney, Jeston
Homfray (from whom I claim maternal
descent), was so exasperated at the Duke's
unfeeling conduct that he did, as stated,
publicly horsewhip him on the course.
These facts were related to me when a boy
by my mother, who was the daughter of
Thomas Homfray of the Hill, Stourbridge,
ironmaster, and a J.P. for Worcestershire ;
and I have also heard the particulars from
other members of my family.
The circumstances of the case were well
known to Mr. Homf ray's family and to the
neighbourhood, and were much commented
upon from the fact that the assault was
committed by a lawyer, who must have
known the consequences of such an act of
violence against a nobleman who was a
member of the Government.
Another incident connected with the case,
but not mentioned in Junius, is that the
Duchess of Bedford at her death left Mr.
Homfray a quantity of her silver in recog-
nition of his conduct.
Thia is the first opportunity I have had
of relating the facts of the case from family
tradition, which I am convinced is correct,
and which was repeated to me before I had
heard of Junius or his Letters.
PRYCE HOMFRAY WILLIAMS.
14, Cotham Vale, Bristol.
ANNE BOLEYN OR BULLEN : BULLEY
FAMILY (11 S. iii. 8, 134).— The following
list shows the various spellings of the name
of Boleyn through manyyears and in different
parts of England. There are over 40
varieties, and some of the earlier forms,
only very slightly changed, are current three
centuries later. In at least one case (1679)
the variation is due to weakness of clerical
orthography, for in the same register, under
the previous year, the name is spelt Bullen.
I give first the date, next the spelling of the
name, then the locality and authority.
1212. Walter de Bulonia. — Greeting, Suffolk
(Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. Hall,
vol. ii.).
1227. Thomas Bulling.— Orford, Suffolk (Pedes
Finium).
1250. Walter Boiling. — Little Bealings, Suffolk
(B.M. Add. Chart.).
1274. Simon Boleinus. — London (Hundred Rolls. )
1274. Ric. de Bulling. — Kent (do.).
1279. Richard Boloyne. — Somerset (R.O., Index
to Close Rolls).
1301. Julia Boloygne. — Colchester (Rolls of
Parl., i.).
1305. Nicholas de Boloigne. — London (R.O.,
Ancient Deeds, i.)«
1307. Robert de Buloyne. — Kent (Arch. Can-
iiana, xi.).
1316. Thomas Boloyne. — Great Birch, Essex
(B.M. Charters).
1322. John de Boloigne. — Fen Drayton, Cambs
(Pedes Finium).
1327. John Boleyne. — Aspall, Suffolk (Subsidy).
1327. Robert de Bolayne. — Wrentham, Suffolk
(do).
1327. Robert Bulling. — Witnesham, Suffolk (do. )
1327. William de Boloyne. — Benacre, Suffolk
1341. John le Boloyne. — Fen Drayton, Cambs
(R.O., Inq. Nonarum).
1349. Geoffrey Bulloigne. — Colchester (Pedes
Finium).
1373. John Bulloigne.— Fen Drayton, Cambs
(Pedes Finium).
1378. Robert Boloigne. — Essex (Subsidy).
1381. William Bolynge. — Benacre, Suffolk (Poll
Tax lists).
1388. William Boleya.— Lincoln (Rolls of Parl.,
1393. Elenam Boloyne. — Fen Drayton, Cambs
(Pedes Finium).
1396. William Boloyne. — Occolt, Suffolk (De
Banco Rolls).
1410. Robert Bullyng. — Orford, Suffolk (tf.M.,
Davy's Coll.).
1419 Robert Bulleyn. — Northumberland (De
Banco Rolls).
1422. Thomas Bullyn.— Fen Stanton, Hunts
(Subsidy).
376
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. ra. MAY is, 1911.
1435. Stephen Bullyng. — Tenterden, Kent (Pedes
Finium).
1459. Edmund Boleyn. — Norwich (Freemen's
Admission Book).
1462. Thomas Bollain. — King's Coll., Camb.
•(Bodleian Charters).
1464. Geoffrey Boleyn. — London (R.O., Ancient
Deeds, i.).
1467. Thomas Bolayn. — St. Michael's Coll.,
Camb.
1481. John Bolyn. — Devon (Hist. MSS. Comm.,
vol. v.).
1494. Sir William Bolen. — Norfolk (Rolls Series,
' Letters, &c. Henry VII.').
1501. Sir William Bolloigne. — Norfolk (do.).
1508. Sir Henry Bullinge. — Chester (Hist. MSS.
Comm., vol. viii.).
1518. William Bolen. — Stoke, Suffolk (Brewer's
' Henry VIII.,' vol. iv.).
1523. Andrew Bolen. — Winston, Suffolk (Sub-
sidy).
1523. John Boleyn. — Woodbridge (do.).
1523. Richard Bullen. — Beccles (do.).
1523. Rychard Bullyng. — Tuddenham, Suffolk
(do.).
1523. Thomas Bollyng. — Icklingham, Suffolk
(do.).
1527. Robert Bollen. — Great Melton, Norfolk
(De Banco Rolls).
1534. Nicholas Bullyn. — London : a monk of
the Grey Friars (Brewer).
1534. John Bulleyne. — London : a monk of
the Charter House (do.).
1540. John Bollyn. — Godmanchester (Subsidy).
1542. William Bolon. — Cambs (Pedes Finium).
1542. William Pollarde alias Bollen. — Fen Dray-
ton, Cambs (wills at Peterborough).
1549. Robert Bolen. — Bale, Norfolk (Subsidy).
1550. William Bullein. — Suffolk and London.
1559. William Bowlyn. — London (Reg. St.
Peter's, Cornhill).
1561. William Bullyn.— London (State Papers,
Domestic).
1563. Margarett Boleyne. — Norwich (Subsidy).
1571. James Bullen. — London (born in France)
(S.P. Dom.).
1584. John Bunell alias Bullen. — Swilland,
Suffolk (Ipswich wills). (The name is
evidently an anagram.)
1589. William Bollinge. — Rollesby, Norfolk
(Blomefield).
1597. Lyonell Bullinge.— Kettleburgh, Suffolk
(Subsidy).
1601. Robert Bullyne. — Hedingham, Norfolk
(R.O., Index Close Rolls).
1604. Robert Bulleyn.— Flitcham, Norfolk (State
Papers, Dom.).
1608. Robert Bolleyn. — Flitcham, Norfolk
(Blomefield).
1641. John Bullyn. — Cambridge (Corporation
books ).
1665. Philip Bullin. — Cambridge (Hearth Tax
Returns).
1679. Johnathan Bullong.— Moulton, Suffolk
(parish register).
1688. Sir John Bollen.— Chester (Hist. MSS.
Comm., vol. vii.).
Bow Library, E.
R. FREEMAN BULLEN.
Unfortunately, some errors were passed
over in my reply at the latter reference,
owing to my hasty departure from London.
In the extract from the Rev. W. C. Bullen' s
' Pedigree,' " Milla's ' Catalogue of Honor ' '
should read " Milles's " ; and the edition of
Shakespeare quoted is that by Steevens,
not by Stevenson. I would also add that
I do not find the name of King Henry's
queen spelt Bullen in either Macaulay's or
Sir James Mackintosh's histories.
On p. 135, col. 1, 1. 25 from foot, the word
band should be baud ; and in 1. 19 from foot
" Bolcgnia " should be Bologna.
1ST. W. HILL.
New York.
HIGH STEWARDS AND RECORDERS AT
THE RESTORATION : ROGER GOLLOP, M.P.
(11 S. ii. 488 ; iii. 17, 138).— In a reprint,
with notes by Eleanor Aubrey, of 'The
History and Antiquity of Southampton,*
by John Speed —written in 1770, and pub-
lished by the Southampton Record Society
in 1909 — at p. 51 Roger Gollop is said to
have been
" one of the M.P.'s for the town in 1658. When
Charles II. visited the town in 1669, he was
met at the Bar gates by the Mayor and Corpora-
tion, and 'Roger Gollop made a speech on his knee.
. . . .The Gollops were an important family in the
town in the seventeenth century ; their names
frequently occur in the list of public officers. In
1662 Koger Gollop sat on the Commission on the
20th of August for the expulsion of Caplen for
being in arms against the King."
In 1640 George Gollop (uncle of Roger)
was M.P. for Southampton.
F. H. SUCKLING.
Highwood, Romsey.
DOGS AND OTHER ANIMALS ON BRASSES
AND STONE EFFIGIES (US. iii. 208, 310).—
There is a dog at the feet of the effigy of
Archbishop Thomson in York Minster,
which is probably as recent an example of
the convention as any that may be cited.
A curious little lapdog is to be seen curled
up near the hem of the garment of Dona
Mencia de Mendoza, Condesa de Haro, who
sleeps in the Capilla del Condestable at
Burgos.
In the Nieuwe Kerk at Delft there is the
monument erected by the United Provinces
to William the Silent. His favourite dog is
also commemorated, and lies at his feet.
That faithful creature saved its master's life
in 1572 by barking and tearing off the bed-
clothes when some Spanish assassins ?,were
about to murder him as he slept in his_tent,
near Mechlin^
ii s. in. MAY is, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
377
I remember having seen at Bordeaux,
in the west wall of the north transept
of the Cathedral of St. Andre, the figure
of an ecclesiastic whose soles rest upon a
lamb. ST. S WITHIN.
Is not the representation of Dame Cassy's
dog " Terri " in Deerhurst Church in brass,
i.e., wrought in the brass itself, not a carv-
ing ? It is eleven years since I saw it, but
my recollection is supported by Macklin's
4 Brasses of England.' With respect I venture
to point this out to MB. MACMICHAEL.
W. H. QUABBELL.
ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HEBALDBY
(11 S. i. 508; ii. 36, 115, 231, 353, 398;
iii. 36, 237, 298).— It may be noted that
the elephant and castle appear in mediseval
pageants and in the Midsummer riding at
Chester. Thus in 1486, when Henry VII.
visited Bristol, one of the shows to welcome
him took the form of a " Pageante of an
Olifaunte, with a Castell o*n his Bakk "
(Chambers, ' Mediseval Stage,' ii. 176).
In Chester, at the Midsummer watch in
1588, a Cupid with bow and arrows rode
on the elephant's back. See the entry in
the city accounts for that year : " Making
anew the Elephant and Castell and Cupitt
to shute out of it and 2 men to carry it,
vjs. viiid." (Morris, ' Chester under the Plan-
tagenet Kings,' 329).
MABY DOBMEB HARRIS.
RlCHABD ROLLE : ' THE PBICK OF CON-
SCIENCE '(US. iii. 227, 277). — The reference
to The British Critic, No. 61, p. 23, though
it may seem " evidently wrong," is never-
theless correct. Miss Hope will find the
article, entitled ' The Earliest English
Poetry,' in The British Critic for January,
1842, xxxi. 1-36. Either that magazine
underwent more or less frequent changes in
title, or there were several magazines with
similar titles. In 1842 the exact title was
The British Magazine, and Quarterly Theo-
logical Review. The numbering of issues
began with vol. i., 1827.
ALBEBT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
[The cutting from The, New York Times sent by
EL SOLTERO has been forwarded to the querist.]
WALL CHUBCHES (11 S. iii. 287). — In the
case of Nottingham town wall, the west bar
or gateway was variantly styled Chapel
Bar — a name yet borne by the street at one
end of which it stood. No evidence exists
of an adjacent chapel, but our old local his-
torians got over the difficulty by saying that
one of the two bastions was used as a chapel
for the convenience of the guard. This
explanation of the name is nowadays con-
sidered inadequate, and latter-day students
incline to think it originated in an ancient
chapel, hundreds of yards distant, both gate-
way and chapel being, however, comprised in
a district known as Chapel Ward. Is there
any evidence that a church or chapel ever
formed an integral portion of a town wall
as originally built ? A. STAPLETON.
Nottingham.
Is not St. Mary at the Wall, Colchester,
built on the ancient wall ?
R. J. FYNMOBE.
Sandgate.
AUTHOBS OF POEMS WANTED (11 S. iii.
329).— 3. " Little by little the time goes by "
is by Leon Herbert, according to ' Hymns
for Heart and Voice,1 a collection published
by the Sunday School Association, Essex
Hall. (Rev. ) W. LAWRENCE SCHBOEDEB.
'MAY FAIB' (US. iii. 329).— This poem
is attributed to the Rev. George Croly.
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
Manchester.
' BELGRAVIA,' A POEM (11 S. iii. 329),
was by Mrs. Gascoigne, and published in
London in 1851. She was authoress of
' Evelyn Harcourt,' 1847 ; ' England's
Heroes,' 1855 ; ' Next-door Neighbours,'
1855, and other works. R. A. POTTS.
CANONS, MIDDLESEX : " ESSEX " AS
CHBISTIAN NAME (US. ii. 328, 374, 394, 437,
534 ; iii. 92, 173, 214, 295, 338).— The sub-
stitution of " Thomas " Drax, instead of
James Drax, was a pure blunder on my part,
for which perhaps my age (86) may be some
little excuse. It was in no way intended to
be a correction of MB. McMiTRRAY's valuable
article. The pedigree of Sir James Drax
is in Le Neve's ' Knights ' (Harl. Soc.,
viii. 77), where his match with Essex Lake
is duly set forth, the date of the marriage
licence (London) being 19 March, 1662/3,
he being then 24 and a bachelor.
G. E. C.
The name Essex can be traced back
through the distinguished ancestors of the
Selby-Lowndes family to Geoffrey de Mande-
ville, created Earl of Essex by the Empress
Maud. His granddaughter Amicia married
Humphrey de Barenton^ direct ancestor of
Sir John Barrington who married Lady
Anne Rich, daughter and coheir of Robert
378
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. MAY 13, 1911.
Rich, Earl of Warwick, whose other daughter
and coheir was called " Essex," and took
that name into the Finch family.
Sir John Harrington's granddaughter Anne
Barrington married Charles Shale, goldsmith
to Queen Anne, and their youngest daughter
and coheir, who was called " Essex," mar-
ried Richard Lowndes of Winsloe, High
Sheriff of Bucks in 1742.
CONSTANCE RUSSELL.
Swallowfield Park, Reading.
The name Essex was in the seventeenth
century given to more than one female
member of the Cornish family of Robartes.
Lady Essex Robartes died in 1689, aged 20.
Another Essex Robartes of the same family
was buried at Chelsea on 16 January, 1693/4.
The choice of the name in this instance was
probably due to the friendship of Lord
Robartes, afterwards Earl of Radnor, with
the Earl of Essex, the general of the Parlia-
mentary forces. W. P. COURTNEY.
HANOVERIAN REGIMENT (11 S. iii. 327). —
At the commencement of the war in 1779
between Great Britain and Spain there were
in Gibraltar three Hanoverian Regiments,
which served there to the end of the great
siege in 1783. They were Hardenberg's,
under Lieut. -Col. Hugo ; Reden's, under
Lieut. -Col. Dachenhausen ; and De la
Motte's, under Lieut.-Col. Schippergill. No
doubt the regiment mentioned in the query
is a lineal descendant of these. See 'A
History of the Siege of Gibraltar,' by John
Drinkwater. G. S. PARRY.
There were mercenary troops, both Ger-
man and Swiss, employed by" the Britbh
in the Crimean War. Part of the Swiss
Legion was encamped at Dover in 1855.
I do not know if they went to the Crimea.
The depot of the German Legion landed at
Dover on 19 May 1856. As peace had then
been declared, it is probable that the Ger-
man force had been to the seat of war and
were then returning. There are still in
Dover two or three German families, the
fathers of which were in the German Legion.
JOHN BAVINGTON JONES.
Dover.
CATHERINE HYDE (11 S. iii. 268). —
Catherine Hyde was the Marchioness Broglio
Solari. She seems to have resided for many
years in Venice, and to have died about
1845. In addition to the * Secret Memoirs
of the Royal Family of France,' she wrote
" Venice under the Yoke of France, and of
Austria. By a Lady of Rank," London,
1824, 2 vols. ; and " Private Anecdotes of
Foreign Courts, by the author of ' Memoirs of
the Princess de Lamballe,' " London, 1827,
2 vols. After her death appeared ' Letters
of the Marchioness Broglio Solari .... con-
taining a Sketch of her Life, and Recollec-
tions of Celebrated Characters : with Notes/
London, 1845. S. S. W.
GALLOWS BANK : MATTHEW COCKLING
(11 S. iii. 187, 316). — Another version of this-
story, which has been located at Pendleton,
Manchester, will be found in a capital ballad
by William Harrison Aihsworth. It i*
entitled, ' Old Grindrod's Ghost,' &nd i*
included in the volume of ' Ballads.'
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
Manchester.
BISHOP EDWARD KING (11 S. iii. 307). —
According to 'Alumni Oxonienses (1715-
1886),' Edward King, second son of Walker
King, Archdeacon of Rochester, was born in
Westminster. T. SHEPHERD.
on
London : the City. By Sir Walter Besant.
A. & C, Black.)
THIS is a glorified guide-book of the City of
London, and contains particulars, arranged in
sections, of almost every building in the City,
and includes not only the old historical buildings
of interest, but also the modern banks and
institutions.
We do not fancy that much of the letterpress-
is by the late Sir Walter Besant, whose name-
the book bears, but it is a useful volume at the-
present time, as it will enable our Coronation
visitors to carry away a valuable souvenir of
reminiscences, so far as the City of London is
concerned. It contains a full note as to the City
Companies and the City churches, and also
special articles on the Tower and St. Paul's.
It is a bulky volume for the ordinary tourist
to carry about with him in investigating the
City, but it will be valuable as a work of
reference, and possibly a work of remembrance,
to those who are keenly interested in the City of
London or wish to acquire a knowledge of its-
history.
It is somewhat odd that no reference is made-
in the volume to the Mint or to the GuildhalL
We were under the impression that the latter wa&
the centre of the City of London's history.
An up-to-date map of the City accompanies
the volume, which is beautifully illustrated and
produced in a style worthy of its publishers.
The Burlington Magazine devotes its editorials-
to ' The King Edward VII. Memorial ' and ' The
Passing of Rembrandt's Mill.' The comments
made are, as usual, well worth reading, combining
independence of view and outspokenness with a
genuine regard for art as a vital force. It is
suggested once again that the high ground of Hyde-
n s. m. MAY 13, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
379
Park near the Marble Arch would be a suitabl
site for the Memorial ; also that the Government
might put " a tax on the sale of works of art
especially those exported from the country
whereby a Fine-Arts Contingencies Fund mighi
be created at no cost to the ordinary taxpayer, by
the help of which fund such emergencies as tha
created by the sale of Rembrandt's ' Mill ' coulc
be met with some hope of success."
' A Re-discovered School of Romanesqu
Frescoes,' by Jose Pijoan, deals with Catalan
work of somewhat uncertain date, which i
illustrated in the frontispiece and in another
coloured full-page plate. These paintings may be
of interest archreologically, but we can see no
beauty in the specimens put before us, the figures
being stiff, and the colouring crude and violent
There is, however, great beauty in the illustrations
to ' Early Design in Lace,' by Mrs. J. Hungerford
Pollen, who points out that the ruthless cutting
n way of lace to a straight edge has spoilt the effecl
and design of some pieces thought worthy of pre-
servation. ' Did the Dossi Brothers sign their
Pictures ? ' is an ingenious note translated from
the German of Henriette Mendelsohn. Mr. A. M.
Hind has a subject of weird attraction in ' Gio-
vanni Battista and his Carceri,' inventions cele-
brated by Do Quincey as a parallel to his own
opium dreams. Mr. G. A. Simonson describes
with illustration ' A Newly Discovered Guardi,' a
picture of a gala ball which is evidently a tour de
force. ' Art in France ' supplies an account of
the Camondo Bequest, in which the Impressionists
are remarkably well represented. M. de Camondo
is described as "a sort of Sidonia in real life,"
a financier and musician as well as a collector
of art ahead of his time, and a good friend to
struggling artists.
Ix The Cornhill Mr. Gerald Cumberland has an
account of ' Charlotte Bronte's Street in Brussels,'
and Flora Masson another of the ' Scottish Homes
and Haunts of R. L. Stevenson..' Both these
articles are pleasant reading, but the latter strikes
us as over-sentimental. Mr. Frederick Boyle is
interesting on ' Taming Animals,' dealing in-
cidentally with the question of the prevalence of
the cat in ancient times. He quotes Prcf.
Rolleston as authority for supposing that the
gale of Aristophanes was not a cat, but a white-
breasted marten, which is still a pet in the Levant.
Cats do not figure in the Old Testament, or, the
writer adds, in the Cuneiform records. There is
no mention in the article of a famous correction in
Juvenal, XV. 7, which is generally accepted, and
presents us with "ffiluros" among the portents
of Egyptian worship. The pig has, we believe,
been credited with being one of the earliest pets
of man. ' Old Irish Memories,' by J. M. Callwell,
is excellent, just like a chapter of Lever in its
reminiscences of Galway. The two short stories
m the number, ' Brother Judas,' by Lucia M.
Cooke, and ' My House shall be called the House of
Prayer,' by Mr. W. H. Hodgson, are both striking
views of different sorts of priests. Mr. Benson
writes well on Bishop Lightfoot, but it is obvious
that he has not in this case the personal intimacy
which gave special force to his earlier views of
people who have influenced him. No one, it
appears, has answered all the questions set on
Dickens ; and we feel fairly safe in prophesying
that those on Walter Scott by Mr. Andrew Lang
will not all be solved.
IN The Nineteenth Century there are several
articles of interest outside politics. Mr. W. C. D.
Whetham and his wife are too brief on ' Eminence
and Heredity ' to be satisfactory, but their inquiry
is one of deep interest and importance. Mr.
Belloc has a criticism of ' Lord Acton on the French
Revolution ' which is well worth reading. WMle
mentioning some deficiencies in detail, he fully
recognizes Acton's marvellous knowledge and
judgment. The Duchess of Maryborough does
valuable work in pointing out the need for ' Hostels
for Women ' ; and Mrs. Alfred Lyttelton in a,
poignant one-act play, ' The Thumbscrew.'
emphasizes those horrors of sweated trades which
are an ever-present disgrace to our boasted civili-
zation. We applaud any attempt such as this
to bring home to thinking men and women the
conditions which the claims of commerce impose
on unfortunate workers. Prof. Tyrrell continues
his lively and interesting view of ' Our Debt to
Latin Poetry,' dealing this month with the Silver
.Age. Mr. D. C. Lathbury writes well on
' Canon Beeching and the Ornaments Rubric ' ;
and Mr. Bram Stoker explains in ' Irving and
Stage Lighting ' bow much the great actor did
personally as a pioneer in stage illumination.
The National Review uses language in its com-
ments on politics which seems to us beyond the
amenities of public life. Lord Ebury replies
to 'The Case for Woman's Suffrage,' "and Mr.
Richard Bagot writes with the assured skill of
the expert on ' The Triumph of Italy.' Mr.
Austin Dobson has one of his pleasant articles
on ' The Portraits of Carmontelle.' Lady
Edward Cecil in ' Some English Homes ' speaks
of the overcrowding of the poor in dirty rooms.
There is a great deal of sense in ' Why I ceased to
be a Dramatic Critic,' by X., who dwells on the
money-making ideals of theatre managers to-
day. ' An Ex-As3istant Master ' writes judiciously
on ' Our Public Schools,' bringing forward facts
not generally known.
IN The Fortnightly Mr. A. A. Baumann deals
with ' Some Aspects of Lord Goschen,' and gives
a good idea of the qualities of that statesman, an
excellent, but not particularly brilliant type of
administrator. Mr. Roger Fry reprints a lucid
and persuasive summary of the merits of ' Post-
Impressionism.' ' The Englishman in Eighteenth
Century French Comedy,' by Prof. GerotlrwohF
and Mr. J. W. Eaton, is an effective article.
Vernon Lee puts forward some attractive psy-
chology in ' The Religious and Moral Status of
Wagner,' but we doubt the soundness of her
conclusions. ' Thackeray as Historian ' displays
he knowledge* and accomplished style of Mr.
Walter Sichel.
Mr. Maxim Gorky contributes a dithyrambic
view of ' London,' in which we cannot see much,
and Mr. G. H. Thring a careful examination of
The Copyright Bill, 1911.' Mrs. John Lane
ms an amusing article, 'The Gutter Sphinx,'
showing study of the sandwichman and his ways.
The State of the Game,' by Mr. E. H. D. Sewcll, is
a searching analysis of recent football and cricket
which should please lovers of sport. Walter
Lennard concludes his ' In Search of Egeria '
with an episode concerning a great-aunt who
nourished herself on mysticism after a disappoint-
ment in love. Though not so brilliant as some of
;he earlier studies in this series, it is well worth
reading.
380
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. m. MAY ..% i9n.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — MAY.
MESSRS. S. DRAYTON & SONS of Exeter senc
two catalogues, Nos. 224 and 225. The former
begins with books on engraved gems from Canon
Shore's library. The general portion include?
works on Africa, America, and Art ; ' The Cam'
bridge Modern History,' 12 vols., cloth, new
11. Is. ; Legg's ' Coronation Records,' folio, 1901
II. Is. ; Hartley Coleridge's ' Poems,' uncut
scarce, Leeds, 1833, 21. 2s. ; ' Domesday Book,1
with notes by Ellis, 2 vols., 1833, 31. 3s. ; the first
edition of Froude's ' Nemesis of Faith,' 1849
12s. Qd. ; and Burney's ' Account of the Hande
Commemoration in 1784,' 4to, 18s. Qd. Under
France is Masson's ' Josephine,' Goupil, 1899,
folio, sewed, II. 5s. ; and under Military is Grose's
' Military Antiquities,' 2 vols., 4to, 1801, II. 8s.
There are some old children's books. An edition
of Pliny, 1477, is 61. Qs. ; a set of Black and
White, 1891-1902, 20s. ; Lever's ' Dodd Family,'
first edition, in the original parts, with covers and
advertisements, 31. 3s. ; and Austin Dobson's
edition of Richardson, 19 vols., cloth, new, 1902,
U. 4s.
Catalogue 225 is devoted to Modern Theology.
Mr. J. Jacobs of the Bibliophile Press devotes his
Catalogue 57 to books relating to the Hebrew
people, mainly by Jewish authors. It opens with
unique relics from K'ai-Fung-Foo, these being
a cylindrical Sepher case of canvas-covered
wood, estimated to be 400 years old, and recently
recovered from a Mohammedan mosque ; and
two rubbings on silk taken from an old stone
monument in memory of the Ching Ching Cenoby.
The synagogue with its rolls of the Pentateuch was
destroyed by the uprising of the Yellow River
circa 1403. The Sepher case contained one of the
scrolls of the Law. The price of the relics is
50 guineas. The Catalogue forms an interesting
record, as most of the modern Jewish authors are
represented. There are several refutations of
Colenso. Under Kann Collection is an illustrated
catalogue, 4 vols., large 4to, Paris, 1907, '12Z. 12s.
Under Music is Naumbourg's ' Chants Religieux
des Israelites,' folio, 1863, 3Z. 3s. There is a list
under Prayers, many of these reminding us of the
patriotism of our fellow Jewish subjects ; these
include prayers for the recovery of the Prince of
Wales, afterwards Edward VII., Victoria's Jubilee,
the funeral of Queen Victoria, Hospital Fund, the
restoration of peace in South Africa, and success
granted to our arms in India. Under Talmud is
the only complete translation into a modern
Language, being Rodkinson's translation into
English, the second edition, revised and enlarged,
20 vols. in 10, royal 8vo, publisher's cloth, 10Z. 10s.;
and another set, 61. 6s. This edition is the result
of 40 years of arduous research. There are books
in Hebrew, and Hebrew lexicons and grammars.
Messrs. Henry Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current
714 contains a copy of ' Arche"ologie de 1'Empire
de Russie,' 508 magnificent plates, 6 vols., atlas
folio, in 4, and 6 vols. 4to of text (in Russian)
in 2 vols., crushed levant, Moscow, 1849—53, very
rare, 581. Under Angling is Major's second edition
of ' The Complete Angler,' with the ' Lives,'
Major's first edition, 2 vols., large paper, morocco,
by Hayday, 51. 10*. There is also Pickering's
third edition of the ' Angler,' half morocco,
1836. 91. 9«. ; and a choice copy of the Rules of the
Walton and Cotton Club, 1840, 51. 5s Under
Arithmetic are copies of the first and second
editions of the first book on the subject, Borgo's
Libro de Abacho.' These are of great rarity, and
Mr. Cecil Sotheran tells us in his notes that " no
copy of the first edition has been sold by auction
within the last 22 years." The price of the first
edition, published 1484, is 40Z., and that of the
second edition, published 1488, 211. There ia
also the second book on arithmetic, Calandri's
' •Aritmetica,' 1491. This copy is of the rare first
edition, 311. 10s. Prof. De Morgan states that
Calandri's " notion of a divisor is curious. When
he divides by 8, he calls his divisor 7 ; demanding
as it were, that quotient which, with seven
more like itself, will make the dividend." An
original copy of Botta's ' Monument de Ninive,'
5 vols., atlas folio, a presentation copy from
Napoleon III., 1849-50, is 31Z. 10s. Botanical
works include a complete set to 1903 of Curtis's
Botanical Magazine. There are some choice
fine- art catalogues. Under Camden is the
Britannia,' 4 vols., extended to 44 parts folio bv
a fine old collection of extra-illustrations half-
morocco, uncut, 1806, 45Z, A choice copy of
Dugdale s ' Monasticon,' 8 vols., folio, blue morocco
extra, 1817-30, is 34Z. There is a complete set of
the English Dialect Society. Works on Dialling
include Holwell's ' Clavis Horologise,' which con-
tains a reprint of Father Line's account of his
remarkable dial erected at Whitehall Garden.
There are many choice sets of standard works,
beautifully bound.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
MR. DANIEL HIP WELL writes to say that the
obituary notice in The Time*, quoted ante, p. 340,
refers to his father, and that he hopes to send
further communications to ' N. & Q.' at an earlv
date.
We are glad to know that our correspondent
s still active.
We must call special attention to the following
notices :—
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
ication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for arty reason, we do not
jrint, and to this rule we can make no exception.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
"The Editor of 'Notes and Queries "'—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to " The Pub-
ishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
l*ane, E.G.
W. C., E. A. F., T. F. D. (Vaud).— Forwarded.
SAPOR (" Copying Churchyard Inscriptions ").
— You might write to Mr. P. C. Rushen, 7, War-
wick Man^ion^i Warwick Coxirt, High Holborn.
See also the contributions at 11 S. ii. 389, 453,
492, 537 ; iii. 57, 97, 175.
CORRIGENDUM. — Ante, p. 360, col. 1, 1. 8 from
oot, for "100 copies " read 600 copies.
ii s. m. MAY -20, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
381
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY SO, 1011.
CONTENTS.-NO. 73.
NOTES :— The Parish in England, 331— Burton's ' Anatomy
of Melancholy,' 383— Roeites and Wroeites— The Royal
Exchange — Farington of Worden, 385 — Junius: New
Edition— Chotta Rousthwel— Dutch Words in English—
•" Capping" at Scottish Universities, 386.
-QUERIES :- William Penn's Works — Christian Names
used by Men and Women— " Great George our King"—
Birthdays and the Change of Calendar— Queen Victoria's
"Great-Grandmother — Pre-Reformation Urswick Vicars
—Sir William Ashton, 387— Authors Wanted -"Orgeat"
— Charles and Samuel Wesley — Day, Halley, and Pyke
Families, 388— Boys' Magazines in the Fifties— Quebec
•Cathedral Bells -Essex Collins — Da Costa— D'Agar—
Col. Duroure— Easter : Calculating its Date, 389— Goethe
Quotation, 390.
REPLIES:— "O.K.": New Explanation, .390— St. Helena
Portraitist— Terrace— Shakespeare and the Prayer Book
—Clergyman and Crests, 391— Hannah More Portraits—
" Popylorum tibi " : Suppressions in ' Pickwick '—' Pick-
wick' Difficulties— "Rhubarb," 392— Walter R. Benjamin
— Fishing in Classical Times— Prince Charles of Bourbon-
Capua, 393 — The Authorized Version, 394 — Medieval
" Oberammergaus " — Ananias as a Christian Name —
" Segundo," 395— The "Aleppo Merchant" Inn— Litany :
Spitting— Marshal Tallard— Ballantyne's Kelso Press, 396
— May Day- R. R. Gillespie— Church of England— London
Remains- Walton and Cotton Medal, 397— Corpse Bleed-
ing—Gratious Street—' Hamlet ' in 1585— " C " and " T
—Lawrence Street -A Curious Box, 398
NOTES ON BOOKS:— 'London Clubs '—'Upper Norwood
Athenaeum Record.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
OBITUARY :— Mr. John Radcliffe.
Notices to Correspondents.
JElotes.
THE PARISH IN ENGLAND :
ITS ORIGIN.
THE REV. O. J. REICHEL has published
two short treatises ' The Rise of the Parochial
System in England,' reprinted by W. Pollard
of Exeter, from Trans. Exeter Dioc. Archi-
tectural and Archaeological Society, Third
Series, vol. ii. pt. iii, (1905), and ' Churches
and Church Endowments in the Eleventh
and Twelfth Centuries,' reprinted from the
Transactions of the Devon Association,
vol. xxxix. pp. 360-93 (1907), which I re-
commend to GREGORY GRUSELIER (ante,
p. 88) ; and I venture to touch on a few
points contained in, or raised by, their
sub j ec t-matter .
Premising that the word " parish " in the
ninth century designated not a geographical
area, but " a cure of souls — an administra-
tio" Mr. Reichel maintains that " the parish
as we understand it, is of post-Domesday
creation," and points as evidence of this to
the fact " that a single Domesday estate
appears in the thirteenth century as two or
more parishes" ; whereas, to those who hold
in Mr. Reichel' s words, that " the parish in
pre-Domesday times was usually co-ter-
minous with a manor," and, as another recent
writer puts it, " was, in fact, the manor from
the ecclesiastical point of view," it would
seem consistent that the subdivision of
manors, which went on after the Conquest
until checked by the Act of Quia Emptores,
should be attended by a multiplication of
churches, and hence of parishes.
In the face of the declaration in Edgar's
" Law 9 " that " there are now [1064 A.D.]
three or four churches in many places where
formerly there was but one," Mr. Reichel
would limit the number of pre-Domesday
churches in Devonshire, of the "mother"
or independent rank as distingushed from
private or manorial oratories, to the 23
which he has unearthed from Domesday
Book.
So low an estimate is surprising ; but
" had others existed," says Mr. Reichel,
" Domesday Book would necessarily have
recorded the value of their endowment."
Yet, by his own showing, there were at least
three churches extant before, and not men-
tioned in D.B., namely, St. Mary Church,
near Torquay ; St. James Church, near
Exeter ; and Honeychurch ; and I should
imagine that churches on ancient demesnes
might be added to these. Moreover, seeing
that D. B. is concerned only with taxable
estates, and that, according to Mr. Reichel,
" the grant of an estate or freehold manor
to a mass-priest was a rare thing in Devon,' '
may we not suspect that there were churches
whose incumbents enjoyed only a share in
the common fields, and which thus escaped
record ?
In his references to " such churches as in a
later age were described as ' Elective,' '
Mr. Reichel uses the term " collegiate " in
its general or etymological rather than in
its commonly accepted and more restricted
sense. But, to retain his own terminology,
it may be said that he concerns himself
with the constitution of two classes of
churches — the " Collegiate " and the
" Donative," and as to the latter apparently
assumes all " rural churches served by one
quasi-independent priest " to have been
" the creation of lords of manors," or, if I
may coin an expression myself, to have been
of Capellanal origin.
Of the interesting theory that the parish
church in some cases originated in a com-
munal foundation, we find no trace or hint
382
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 20, 1911.
in Mr. Reichel's treatises, nor does he discuss
the question of the amount of the local
endowment, or of the establishment of a
general standard or fixed minimum for such
endowment — subjects that appear to be
interrelated, and to promise valuable results
on investigation.
The idea of a communal church was first
suggested to me, years ago, by an item in an
early Pipe Roll concerning some Devonshire
hamlet, to which I unfortunately lost the
reference. In my * Introduction to the
Churchwardens' Accounts of South Tawton '
(Trans. Devon Association, vol. xxxviii.
pp. 515-16, 1906) I quoted from the Tithe
Commutation List of 1844 that the glebe
lands in the possession of the Dean and
Chapter of Windsor, apart from 3 acres
in the possession of the Vicar, contain by
estimation 31 acres 3 r. 21 p. These glebe
lands lie in widely separated situations,
recalling the disposition of the acre strips
under the open-field system ; and their
combined area corresponded fairly closely
to the typical " virgate " of the man who
contributed two oxen to the year's ploughing.
In this connexion I noted in Smith's
'Diet, of Christian Antiquities,' under
' Parish,' the statement that in 541 A.D.
it was enacted (by 4 Cone. Aurel.) " that
churches founded by private persons should
be sufficiently endowed " ; and a citation to
the effect that St. Gregory (Epist. 12)
permitted an oratory to be founded, or
consecrated, within a certain castle, on
condition that the proper endowment were
given ; which he specifies as " a farm with
its homestead, a yoke of oxen, two cows, four
pounds of silver, a bed, 15 head of sheep,
and the proper implements of a farm."
Happening, further, to note in the 'Victoria
History ' of co. Notts that at Southwell there
was a prebend c f two bovates [ = one virgate],
I wrote to the editor of that division, asking
whether he had found 30 acres to be a
general endowment, and was warned by him
in reply (December, 1906) that the prebend
in question was an exceptional institution,
quite distinct from the parochial system,
and further that the two bovates " were
probably fiscal in character, bearing no
necessary ratio to the number of acres
actually on the soil," &c. ; so that " this
instance could not be taken into account
in any attempt to establish such a general-
ization."
I have not set about the task of collation
of pertinent data, but in The English His-
torical Review of January, 1908, p. 117, in a
review by E. W. Watson of a book by Paul
Thomas (Leroux, 1907) entitled ' Le Droit
de Propriete des Lai'ques sur les ^glise*
et le patronage lai'que au Moyen-Age,' I
find the following highly interesting passage r
" Mr. Thomas confines his inquiry to the case
of churches founded on private estates, by the
munificence of their owners, and assumes, in
accordance with abundant evidence, that an
arbitrary gift was their normal origin. But there
is evidence of another tenor, which he does not
take into account. There is a curious uniformity
about the extent of glebe-land attached to an
English benefice. Where the history has not been
confused by the exchange of tithe for glebe, or
in earlier times by appropriation, it usually
amounts to two yardlands,* and was so assessed.
in all parts of England : the same was the case
in Saxony.
" There must have been uniform cause ix>
produce a uniform effect. Private endowments
would have varied indefinitely, nor would they
have brought the glebe into regular relation with
the common-field system.
"Whatever the origin of the nstitution . . . .
can it be of pagan descent, and the Rector of
Goodmanham be the holder of Coifi's glebe ?
It appears to be methodical, and to connect the
local priesthood rather with the village com-
munity than with the lord, and this falls in with
some very early evidence, and some continuous
practice, of the election of priest by people, and'
of his being of their own class."
The foregoing may profitably be com-
pared with the chapter on 'The Village
Church— the " Tun Kirke " of A.-S. Docu-
ments,' in Mr. Baldwin Brown's work on
' The Arts in Early England,' vol.i, 1. Re-
ferring to Prof. Maitland's deduction from
certain D. B. items that there were at that
period, at any rate, villages where the land
was held and worked by a body of freemen
in common, as at Cheuentone in Kent,
where (T.R.E.) the estate was held in
common by villeins, Mr. Brown submits
that such a body of freemen may, conceiv-
ably, have built and maintained, out of the
common resources, a church with its needful
apparatus and ministrant. He points out
that at Cheuentone there was a church
standing at the time of the Survey ; and that,
if this already existed T. R. E., the villeins
(above referred to) must have been its pro-
prietors. Dr. Albert Hanck (in ' Church
Hist. Germ.'), he adds, supposes a collabora-
tion of the members of a free community
in the establishment of a local church ;
but there is no documentary evidence of
such except one charter of 778 A.D., handing
over to the Episcopal church at Freising
* A " yardland " is generally defined as *2
bovates or 30 acres = a virgate; but Webster's
diet. gives as an alternative" 15 acres : obsolete.
In the latter case the 2 yardlands would coincide
with the South Tawton " about 30 acres."
ij
n s. m. MAY 20, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
383
" an oratory in the vill which is called Assing,
.... by the' resolve of the inhabitants them-
selves, who were the founders of this same
house of God."
" At the time of the Conquest," says Mr.
Reichel, " the tithes were, in most places,
in the hands of laymen " ; but, as he has
shown in another paper (Trans. Devon
Assoc., vol. xxx. p. 270), the tithe under
King Edgar's Law (A.D. 958) " was to be
paid to the ancient minster to which the
district belongs, both from a thane's inland
and from the villagers' land, wherever the
plough goes."
Another enactment cited by him (Law 4
of Ethelred, 1014 A.D.) seems to hint at a
more intimate relation between the church
and the manor, thus : —
" We charge that every man, for the love of
God and His saints, pay the church shot and
his lawful tithe, as he did in the days of our
ancestors, when he did it best, i.e., the tenth acie.
wherever the plough goes."
By the phrase " the tenth* acre M we are,
perhaps, to understand, in this context,
the produce thereof ; but does it not at
least contain a suggestion of an original
apportionment to the church, or its repre-
sentative, of the tenth strip in each field,
under the communal system of co-aration ?
and may not such, in some districts at least,
have been the method of carrying out the
early Saxon dedication of "a tenth part of
the land to God " (Trans, Devon Assoc.,
vol. xxx. p. 296) ?
As to the contribution of church shot
(ciricsceat), Mr. Reichel quotes from Law 4
of Ine, King of the West Saxons, in 693 :
" Church shot shall be paid according to the
roof and hearth where a man shall be dwelling
at midwinter " ; and he requotes from
Kemble (ii. 560) documents relating to the
churches of Wirecestre and Perscora, pro-
nouncing the amount of church shot due to
each to be *' one horse load of corn from
each hide of land, whether free or village."
The apparent disparity between the
reckoning in the one case being on the land,
and in the other on the house-roof, vanishes
for those who accept the theory advanced by
Mr. S. O. Addy* (which indeed it would
seem to corroborate), viz., that there was a
fixed correspondence between the acreage
of an agricultural tenant's holding or allot-
ment and the size of his house, as calculated,
for taxational purposes, on the number of
* Author of * The Evolution of the English
House.' See a series of contributions on the
above subject to The Athenccum and to ' N. & Q.'
in U>01 and 1902.
gafols or " forks " (set at the prescribed
intervals of about 16 feet) upholding its
ridge-beam. ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
BURTON'S ' ANATOMY OF
MELANCHOLY.'
(See 9 S. xi. 181, 222, 263, 322,441 ; xii. 2;
62, 162, 301, 362, 442 ; 10 S. i. 42, 163, 203,.
282 ; ii. 124, 223, 442 ; iii. 203 ; iv. 25, 523 ;
v. 146 ; vi. 143; vii. 103, 184; x. 383.)
THERE is a note by the present writer on the-
title of this book in The Modern Language
Review, vol. iv. p. 233. We are prepared
to find a certain family likeness in dedica-
tions, but Burton's to Lord Berkeley is-
exceptionally near of kin to that in which
the author of ' Mundus Alter et Idem '
inscribed his work to Henry, Earl of Hunting-
don : " Honoratissimo Domino nee minu*
virtute sua quam splendore generis illustri
Dom. Henrico Comiti Huntingdoniae Mun-
dum suum supplex vovet Mercurius Britan-
nicus." Hall's book was not unknown to
Burton, and. his pseudonym is mentioned
close to the beginning of ' Democritus Junior
to the Reader.'
Some of Burton's obligations to classical'
and Renaissance writers in his Latin verses
" ad librum suum " have been already in-
dicated (9 S. xii. 362 ; 10 S. iv. 25). With the
second line,
Te nisi fcelicem fecerit Alma dies,
may be compared Manilius, iii. 187,
Tune si forte dies nascentem exceperit alma,
which occurs in a part of the ' Astronomica "
that should have had a special attraction fos-
Burton as it deals with the twelve " Athla "
and the method of casting a horoscope. In.
Joseph Scaliger's commentary on Manilius;
(1579) a figure of his own " genitura " is.
inserted at this place.
L. 3, Vade tamen quocunque lubet, quascunque-
per oras.
The latter part is from Claudian, ' Pane-
gyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio con-
sulibus,' 133, " Pro te quascumque per oras.
! Ibimus." The run of the whole line
suggests John of Salisbury's ' Entheticus
in Policraticum,' 67,
Confer ei quoscuinque duces, quoscumque
potentes.
L. 5, " mystamque saluta | Musarum
quern vis. ' ' Burton is very fond of * ' mysta ' '
and " Musarum mysta." Cp. I. ii. iii. xv.,
p. 140, ed. 6 ; Shilleto, i. 369, " he is our-
Amulet, our Sun [the marginal quotation
' Nemo est quem non Phoebus,1 &c., for
which no^author or reference is given, is.
384
NOTES AND QUERIES. [us. m. MAY 20, ion.
from the dedication of Daniel Heinsius's
* Poemata '], our sole comfort and refuge, our
Ptolomy, our common Maecenas, Jacobus
"tnunificus, Jacobus pacificus, mysta Musarum,
;Rex Platonicus [the title of Isaac Wake's
fcook, 1607]." In ' Philosophaster,' . IV.
v. 63 (p. 80, Buckley), we have " Musarum
mystse omnes " ; and in the song, " to the
tune of Bonny Nell," at the end of the play,
" Et qui sunt Musarum Mystae."
In some Latin verses of Burton on Sir
Thomas Bodley, printed in ' Justa Funebria
Ptolemsei Oxoniensis Thomae Bodleii,' Oxf.,
1613, p. 44 (Buckley, p. 130), we get " Musa
nequit mystae non memor esse sui " ; and
in his contribution to ' Camdeni Insignia,'
Oxf., 1624, " Quern mysta seternis percolat
omciis " (p. 140, Buckley). Indeed, by dint
of quoting loosely he thrusts the phrase
•" Musarum mystae " upon Marsilius Ficinus
in a passage where the latter wrote "Musa-
irum sacerdotes," as will be seen if cap. 2 of
' De Studiosorum Sanitate Tuenda ' is
.compared with the first marginal note on
p. 128 (ed. 6) of the 'Anatomy'; i. 350,
n. 2, in Shilleto.
L. 16, " muscas non capiunt Aquilae."
. Cp. ' Philosophaster,' II. v. 12, p. 34, " Aquila
-non capit muscas, roga quid serio." See
- " Aquila non cap tat muscas " in Erasmus,
- ' Adagia ' s. ' Contemptus et ^ Vilitatis,'
'Aerbs /xvta? ou #??p€V€t, Apostolms, i. 144
, (King, 'Class, and For. Quot.').
L. 17, Non vacat his tempus fugitivum imnendere
nugis.
Cp. 'Philosophaster,' II. vi. 27, p. 38,
- "Non vacat, nugis tuis nunc operam dare."
L. 22, " Ingerere his noli - te." Cp.
Juvenal, vi. 608-9, "His se | Ingerit."
L. 25, "Da modo te facilem," from
. Ovid (?), 'Heroides,' xvi. 195.
L. 29. For the marginal note " Hsec
. cornice dicta cave ne male capias" -cp.
' Philosophaster,' III. vi. 40, p. 62, " Quaeso
, ne me male capias."
L. 31, " de gente togatd." See Virg.,
' JEn.' i. 282. For " togati "= gownsmen
cp. I. ii. iii. xv., " se pro togatis venditarint,"
at the top of the fourth (unnumbered) page
between 140 and 141, ed. 6 ; i 375, Shilleto.
L. 32, Sive aget in ludis, pulpita sive colet.
Shilleto' s rendering. " whether a comic or
a tragic actor " can hardly be right. The
" gens togata " is divided into three classes :
schoolmasters, parsons, university residents.
For " pulpita " cp. I. ii. iii. xv., pages as
before, " hi sunt qui pulpita complent."
L. 33, " in Lycseo." . Cp. I. ii. iii. xv.,
p. 139, ed. 6; i.- 368, .Shilleto, "famous
Clarkes came to these Princes Courts, velut
in Lycceum, as to an University."
L. 40, " Multa . . . . non male nata." Cp.
Hor., ' Epp.' II. i. 233, " incultis. ... .versibus
et male natis."
L. 50, Turn legat & forsan doctior inde siet.
Cp. Ov., 'A. A.,' i. 2, ''Hoc legat et lecto
carmine doctus amet."
L. 62, Grandiloquus Vates quilibet esse nequit.
Cp. Martial, v. xiii. 10,
Tu quod es, e populo quilibet esse potest.
L. 69, Frendeat, allatret, vacuas gannitibus auras
Impleat.
Cp. Martial, v. Ix. 1, 2,
Allatres licet usque nos et usque,
Et gannitibus improbis lacessas,
quoted by Burton at the foot of p. 8, 'D. J.
to the R.' ; i. 24, Shilleto.
L. 70, " his placuisse nefas." Was Thomas
Vincent recollecting this when, in a copy of
verses prefixed to the first edition of
Thomas Randolph's ' The Jealous Lovers '
(1632), he wrote (1. 12) " Momis est placuisse .
nefas " ? Momus is in Burton's 64th line.
L. 74, Lasciva est Domino & Musa jocosa tuo.
Cp. Ovid, ' Tristia,' ii. 354,
Vita verecunda est, Musa iocosa mea.
" Lascivia " occurs in 345, and " media
de plebe maritus " (cp. " non eximius de
plebe poeta " 1. 59 in Burton), in 351 of the
same poem. In ' Tristia,' III. ii. 6, we have
Quodque magis vita Musa iocosa mea est ;
and Martial, II. xxii. 2, writes :—
Ecce nocet vati Musa iocosa suo.
LI. 77-8,
Barbarus, indoctusque rudis spectator in istam
Si messem intrudat, fuste fugabis eum.
Burton seems here to be recalling the
Homeric passage, 'Iliad,' xi. 558 sqg.,
where Ajax is compared to an ass in a
cornfield; the passage in translating which
Pope, out of deference to the taste of
the age in which he lived, made use
of "the beast with heavy strength
endu'd " as a neat equivalent for the. Greek
word that Richard Dawes taught his school-
boys to render by " alderman." " Messis,"
for which Shilleto gives "garner," stands
for /3a9v A>/iov, " the tall harvest," while the
po-rraXa are represented by " fustis."
L. 83, "gratissimus hospes." This is the
conclusion of 1. 21 of the verses prefixed by
John of Salisbury to his ' Policraticus,'
already referred to under 1. 3
T QP " -w^xxl -!/-»•*» O O^H™H1T1 '' \
vii. 20,
L. 86, " meliora sequi." Cp.-Ov^ 'Met,,'
video meliora proboque | Deteriora
sequor." EDWARD BENSLY.
University College, Aberystwyth.
n s. m. MAY 20, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
385
ROEITES OF CALVERTON: WROEITES
OF AUSTRALIA.
SINCE the last reply on the Roeites
appeared (ante, p. 272), a correspondent has
privately drawn my attention to an inter-
esting note on the " Wroeites," published
in 'N. & Q.' in 1864 (3 S. v. 493). But
although the name of the sect (with the
exception of the initial letter) is the same in
both cases, as also, apparently, the vulgar
character of their tenets and teachings,
no actual link is afforded by the note of
1864 sufficient to warrant assumption of
identity in the absence of additional evidence.
In this communication MB. D. BLAIB of
Melbourne refers to the death of the founder
of this extraordinary sect — John Wroe — at
Collingwood, Melbourne, on 5 February,
1863, at the age of 81, after following the
trade of prophet for more than forty years.
" He founded a sect which numbered adherents
in all parts of the world ; ari*d which held, as
its cardinal article of faith, the divine inspiration
and absolute authority of its founder. His
followers here in Melbourne looked confidently
for his resurrection, but they have probably
abandoned that hope now. The sect called
themselves ' Christian Israelites,' but were popu-
larly known (from wearing the hair uncut and
unshaven) as ' Beardies.' They were zealous
and incessant street-preachers of an incoherent
and unintelligible doctrine, apparently com-
pounded of Judaism, Christianity, and the prin-
ciples of the Adamites of Munster," &c.
In 1787 the writer of an illiterate letter
in a Nottingham newspaper, referring to the
Roeites of Calverton, says : —
"Their religion is an heap of inconstancies, pro
miscuously jumbled together, and their preaching
an invariable compound of railing, absurdity,
Billingsgate, and blackguardness."
The title-page of the historical manual
of the Wroeites is thus quoted : —
" The Life and Journal of John Wroe, with
Divine Communications to him : being the Visita-
tion of the Spirit of God, to warn Mankind that
tlu- Day of the Lord is at hand, &c. 2 Vols.
(iravesend : Printed for the Trustees of the
Society by W. Deane. 1859."
MR. BLAIR continues : —
" A more extraordinary book there is not to
e found, even in that very peculiar department
E literature, the records of religious imposture
and delusion. It has always seemed to me
^t:,mge that no mention of these ' Wroeites,'
so far as I have noticed, has emerged in con-
temporary journalism; although the sect was
-'tn.ng enough to have its own prophet, its own
liturgy, code of laws, church constitution, and
special literature. It has survived the death of
s founder ; but seems, from all I can learn, to be
now dying out. This is an additional reason for
leaving some mention of it on the pages of
Contemporary history."
Upon the whole, there seems to be such;
a family likeness between the Roeites of
Calverton and the Wroeites of Australia that
there is strong presumption of connexion,
which I should be glad to find proved. John
Roe founded the former sect about 1780,
when he was 44 years of age, and I believe
he lived to be at least an octogenarian. Con-
sequently, it might be that the Australian
prophet was a son or grandson, particularly
as longevity is frequently hereditary. Per-
haps the literature of the antipodean sect
contains evidence of the possible connexion.
At Calverton the now secularized chapel and
graveyard remain, though I cannot say
what has become of the registers, &c.
A. STAPLETO:S\
30, Burford Road, Nottingham.
THE ROYAL EXCHANGE. — In view of the
interest displayed of late in the frescoes
and statues of the Royal Exchange, the
following from The City Press of 29 April
should be worthy of record : —
" The condition of the pictures in the Royal
Exchange has been recently the subject "of
inquiry. All the artists have been consulted,,
together with a number of other experts. As a
result of the examination it has been ascertained
that the pictures are in a good state of preserva-
tion. The experts recommend that the pictures
should remain as they are, and be neither glazed
nor varnished. At the same time they suggest
that frequent close examination should be
made, and. that any cleaning or repairing necessary
shall be entrusted to an entirely different expert.
At the moment experiments are in course of
arrangement concerning the better lighting of the
ambulatory. . . .It has been decided, in addition,
to subject the Exchange to a thorough clean,
to give all necessary attention to the statues,
and to do such other work as is required .... A
contract is to be arranged under which the statues
will be cleaned periodically and the whole interior
examined every two years, or more frequently if
necessary."
Let us hope a much- needed guide-book to
the now rapidly filling picture gallery will
also some day be available to a public
which seems, at length, to have become
appreciative of the artistic attractions of the
Exchange. CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athenaeum Club.
FARESTGTON OF WORDEN. — Down to 1900, in
Burke' s ' Landed Gentry ' the Faringtons of
Woodvale — who in 1894 succeeded to Worden
— were said to be descended from the Rev.
William Farington or Ffarington, Rector of
Leigh and Warrington (died 1767). But in the
1906 edition, p. 586, the whole of William's,
hildren are attributed to his younger brother
Henry, who in older pedigrees is described
386
NOTES AND QUERIES. [IIS.IIL MAY 20,1911.
as "a sailor, wife's name unknown," and
apparently childless. It is now the Kev.
William who is left childless. Surely this is
an error. W. D. PINK.
JUNIUS: NEW EDITION. — Such a work
would be of great assistance to students
of the eighteenth century. It should be
based upon the " Author's Edition," pub-
lished in 1772, and should include the private
communications to Woodfall, the Wilkes
and Home correspondence, and the " Veteran
letters," but the rest of the epistles inter-
polated by Dr. Mason Good ought to be ex-
cluded unless some evidence of their authen-
ticity can be adduced. By way of introduc-
tion there might be an impartial summary
of the arguments for and against the various
claimants to the authorship of the letters.
The book would afford a splendid oppor-
tunity in elaborate documentation to a
scholarly editor. There is no satisfactory
modern edition of this great classic.
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
CHOTTA ROUSTHWEL. — In a rare little
French book issued in 1833 or 1834, the
' Choix de Morceaux Fac- Simile ' of Eugene
Cassin, there is an account of a very curious
work in the Georgian language. ' The Man
in the Tiger Skin ' is a poem describing the
misfortunes of a prince who, exiled from
India, finds a refuge in the Arabian deserts.
He clothes himself in the skin of a tiger
which he has slain.
The poem contains proverbs, moral reflec-
tions, apologues, &c. M. Brosset translates
some into French in the work above named.
Here, are examples turned into English : —
"It is a great pleasure to narrate past mis-
fortunes that have been endured."
" The remembrance of past griefs is agreeable,
but that of pleasures now denied is a true sorrow."
" One said to the Rose : ' I am astonished that
you, having received the gift of beauty, should
arm yourself with thorns against those who
wish to gather you.' ' You take,' replied the
Rose, ' the sweet for the bitter : that which costs
dear is always thought to be the. best, and beauty
at a low price would not be regarded as worth the
trouble of the search.' If the Rose, a being not
endowed with reason, could speak thus, it must
be true that we must sow in sorrow in order to
reap in joy."
There are many references to the author
Chotta Bousthwel, in the * Bibliographie
analytique des ouvrages de Marie-Felicite
Brosset' (St. P<§tersbourg, 1887), but this
little lithograph in facsimile of the hand-
writing of that great scholar is omitted.
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
Manchester.
DUTCH WORDS IN ENGLISH. — In Steven's
' Historjr of the Scottish Church, Rotterdam '
(1832), occurs the following passage on
p. 334 :—
" The Church remained for one hundred and
twenty years as a double charge ; but in 1798,
when Mr. Greaves died, a handopening was refused ,
on account of the then very unsettled state of
public affairs ; and the ministerial duties, being
n part curtailed, devolved, with his own consent,
upon the surviving clergyman."
The word handopening , which perhaps
s only to be found here, is simply the Dutch
word signifying " permission to nominate
a clergyman."
The Dutch word Hoogmogendheid is ren-
dered " High Mightiness " in an address
presented to King George I. on his way
through Holland to England in 1714 (ib.,
p. 267) :—
•' That there may be always a good under-
standing and hearty friendship between your
most Sacred Majesty, and their High Mightinesses
the States-General."
The s of the English word " hollands "
(Hollandsche jenever] seems to be an attempt
at reproducing phonetically the Dutch
adjectival ending -sch(e), wfcich is pro-
nounced ~s(e). H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
" CAPPING " AT SCOTTISH UNIVERSITIES.
— The Globe of 4 April published the follow-
ing:—
" When a student of a Scottish University re-
ceives his degree the ceremony is always
referred to as ' capping.' The term is so familiar
that no one thinks of inquiring into its origin.
The venerable principal of St. Andrews, Sir
James Donaldson, who, although a layman,
holds among other distinctions a doctor's degree
in divinity, explained the custom at the last
graduation ceremony. Here are his words :
First of all the imposition of a cap on your heads
is borrowed from the practice of the old Romans.
Whenever they emancipated a slave they placed
a particular kind of cap on his head, and from
that moment he became a free man. In our
ceremony it intimates that you have passed from
the stage of being in a subordinate position and
under guidance to the condition of being your
own masters. You are no longer to be directed
in everything ; you are to choose your own mode
of life. This ceremony has often awakened the
deepest feelings among the very greatest of those
who have just received such a final recognition
as you have this day received from the universi-
ties in which they studied. Luther regarded it
as the happiest moment of his life."
A very different scholastic use of the word
cap was furnished, under ' ' ' Cap ' in the
Hunting-Field,' " at 9 S. xi. 297.
A. F. R.
II
ii s. in. MAY 20, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
387
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
WILLIAM PENN'S WORKS. — * The Com-
plete Works of William Perm,' founder of
Pennsylvania, is now in preparation under my
direction and editorship. Over 1,100 letters
of Penn have already been found. Of these
leas than 40 per cent have been printed. It
is estimated that the ' Works,' including
contemporaneously printed books and pam-
phlets, with the letters and other writings,
will extend to more than a dozen volumes
large octavo. Information as to manu-
script letters of Penn which are likely to be
new, as well as new biographical data
respecting him, is requested, and should
be sent to me at Devonshire House, Bishops-
gate. ALBERT COOK MYERS.
CHRISTIAN NAMES USED BY BOTH MEN
AND WOMEN. — In the course of the dis-
cussion on Essex as a Christian name (see
11 S. ii. 328, 374, 394, 437, 534 ; iii. 92, 173,
214, 295, 338, 377) G. E. C. stated that
Essex has been used as a Christian name
for men and women. Apropos of Christian
names borne by both sexes, can readers of
* N. & Q.' give me a full list of such used in
English ? I have been able to find only
«ight : Marion, Hilary, Clare, Cecil, Florence,
Valentine, Evelyn ; and now Essex.
In the Spanish language there are many
•such, as Trinidad, Encarnacion, Guadalupe,
Refugio, Rosario, Luz, Paz, Cruz, &c,
EL 'SOLTERO.
Eagle Pass, Texas.
" GREAT GEORGE OUR KING." — To which
of the Georges do the following lines refer ?
O ! grant him long to see
friendship and unity
Always increase !
May he his sceptre's sway [sic],
All loyal souls obey,
Join heart and voice, huzza !
God save the King.
It is from an old song sheet folded as a
booklet of eight pages, printed by J. Mar-
shall, Old Fish Market, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
BIRTHDAYS AND THE CHANGE OF CALEN-
DAR.—George III. was born on 24 May,
1738, but, after the change in the calendar
fourteen years later, his birthday was always
celebrated on 4 June. Is there any record
of a like alteration in date being generally
adopted at that time ; and, if so, did it apply
all round — to wedding anniversaries, for
example, as well as birthdays ?
POLITICIAN.
QUEEN VICTORIA'S MATERNAL GREAT-
GRANDMOTHER. — Who was she ? Queen
Victoria's great - grandfather was Henry
XXIV. of Reuss. Whom did he marry ?
J. M. BULLOCH.
118, Pall Mall, S.W.
PRE-REFORMATION URSWICK VICARS. —
I am anxious to complete the list of these.
I have :
Daniel le Fleming, c. 1150.
W. de Melmerbi, 1260.
William de Bovill, c. 1288.
Willelmus Normande, c. 1381.
Johannes, c. 1404.
Thomas Herryson, c. 1530.
Thomas Harteley, 1535.
Suggestions as to sources of information
are desired. No further information can be
obtained either from the Furness Coucher
Book or from the Diocesan Registry at
Chester. Are any records preserved of the
old Archdeaconry of Richmond, and if so,
where ? Please reply direct.
T. N. POSTLETH WATTE.
Urswick Vicarage, near Ulverston.
SIR WILLIAM ASHTON, KT., M.P. for
Hertford 1624 and 1625, was son and heir of
Robert Ashton, Gentleman of the Horse
to Francis, Earl of Bedford, which Robert
is " said to be descended from the Ashtons
of Leaver," i.e., Asshetons of Great Lever,
Lancashire (see ' Visitation of Herts'). Sir
William was knighted 19 December, 1629,
and was, I believe, the " William Ashton,
Esq.," M.P. for Appleby in 1626 and 1628.
In 1611 he had a demise of the King's
benefit from recusants to the value of
62Z. 12s. lOd. ; acquired the Grove in Wat-
ford, Herts, in 1631 ; was J.P. for West-
minster in 1636, an Assessment and Seques-
tration Commissioner for Middlesex in
1643, and one of the Commissioners for
putting into execution the Statutes and
Ordinances for observance of the Lord's
day, 26 August, 1646. This is my latest
reference to him.
When did he die ? There is no will in
P.C.C. He is said to have married about
1604 Anne, dau. of Moate, and left
three sons : 1. William, who married Mary,
dau. of Henry Ewer of South Mimms, and
died 3 October, 1651, leaving a dau. Mary.
His widow became the second wife of Sir
388
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii ». m. MAY 20, wn.
Edward Turnour, Speaker of the House of
Commons. 2. Robert, a barrister of Lin-
coln's Inn, who inherited the Grove estate
in Herts, and whose will is dated 6 April,
1682. His sons, I believe, all died s.p.
3. George, M.A. and B.D., Rector of
Beaconsfield 1637 till sequestered in 1646,
Prebendary of Lincoln 1660 till his death
in 1669. All three sons were graduates of
Oxford.
Any amplification of this pedigree will
be acceptable. In what way was the family
descended from the Lancashire Asshetons
of Great Lever. W. D. PINK.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
1. Affection never to be weaned nor changed
By any change of fortune, proof alike
Against unkindness, absence, and neglect :
Fidelity, that neither bribe nor threat
Can move nor ward ; and gratitude for small
And trivial favours, lasting as the life,
And glistening even in the dying eye.
2. I knew not what it was to die,
But knew my master did not sleep.
F. D. WESLEY.
To part too soon, but never to forget.
ASTARTE.
" ORGEAT."— What was an " orgeat " ?
The Post Boy of 27-29 April, 1714, con-
tained the following : —
"On Tuesday last the Duke of Berry found him-
self ill, having, as it was said, drank over Night, as
soon as he came from hunting, two Glasses of
Orgeat with Ice before Supper. He was blooded 3
times, and vomited, which gave him a little Ease.
The next Day he was blooded again ; but his Dis-
temper heightening on Thursday, he died yesterday
at 4 in the Morning. His Corpse was brought to the
Palace of the Thuilleries, where it will lay upon a
Bed of State, till it is carry'd to St. Denys. We
have learnt since his Death, That his Illness was
owing to a Blow he receiv'd in the Stomach with
the Pommel of his Saddle, as he was hunting,
which had hurt his Lungs."
" Orgeat " was evidently a liquor of some
kind, but of what description ? It would
seem to have been known in this country
tOO. J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
[" Orgeat " is described in the ' New English Dic-
tionary' as "a syrup or cooling drink, made
originally from barley, subsequently from almonds,
and orange-flower water." MR. MACMICHAEL'S
quotation is, however, 40 years earlier than the first
in the Dictionary.]
CHARLES WESLEY, 1757-1834. — This cele-
brated musician was the eldest son of the
Rev. Charles Wesley, the noted hymn-
writer. Can any one inform me where he
was born, the date of his birth, where he
died, and the place where he was buried ?
He was for many years organist of St.
George's, Hanover Square ; is it known how
long he held that appointment ? I also
wish to know of any compositions written
by him. Please reply direct.
L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
SAMUEL WESLEY, 1766 - 1837. — This
brother of Charles Wesley, and father of
Samuel Sebastian Wesley, was also a noted
musician and composer. I am desirous
of knowing the exact date and place of his
birth, and where he lived and died. Was
any monument erected to his memory ?
Please reply direct. L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
[There are lives of both in the ' D.N.B.' Has our
correspondent consulted Grove's 'Dictionary of
Music and Musicians'?]
DAY, HALLEY, AND PYKE FAMILIES.—
The ' Visitation of Surrey, 1530, 1572, and
1623 ' (London, 1899), gives on pp. 156-7 a
pedigree of Day down to Richard Day and
Edward Day, brothers, of Dorking, Surrey
(fl. 1623) ; but more details appear in the
chart printed in Surrey Arch. Coll., vol. xi.,.
London, 1893, pp. 322-4.
Dr. Edmond Halley's first cousin, Francis
Halley, sen., in his will (P. C. C., reg.
Marlboro, fo. 126), dated 28 June, 1698,
pioved 8 Sept., 1702. refers to "my father
i nd mother [-in-law] Richard Pyke and
Eleanor Pyke, to my brothers Thomas Pyke
and William Pyke and Edward Day, and to
my sisters Jane Day and Susan Pyke."
The testator's son, Francis Halley, jun.,.
in his will, dated 22 Oct., 1717, proved
5 Aug., 1718, by William Pyke, power
reserved to Richard Pyke (Commissary
Court of London), mentions " cousins Mary
Day, Jane Day, and Richard Day." What
connexion, if any, existed between these
Days (related to the families of Halley and
Pyke) and the Days of Dorking, Surrey
(fl. 1623) ?
Also, what was the relationship of either or
both of those families of Day to the deceased
husband of Mrs. Sarah Day, widow, of
St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, who married in
1746 William Pyke, bachelor, of the same
parish (see ante, p. 368) ? Can any reader
throw light on the identity of Mrs. Sarah
Day's first husband ? Was her maiden
surname Freeman or Turner ? Who were her
parents ? Did she have a sister Sybilla —
who married a John Parry, and had issue
(cf. 11 S. ii. 44 ; iii. 127, et passim) ?
EUGENE F. McPiKE,
I 1, Park Row, Chicago.
ii s. m. MAY 20, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
389
BOYS' MAGAZINES IN THE FIFTIES AND
SIXTIES. — Has the subject of magazines for
boys been treated bibliographically ? I am
desirous of ascertaining particulars of those
current in the later fifties and earlier sixties
of last century. The following titles are
known to me, but the limiting dates, the
numbers of issues, and the prices may not
be stated correctly : —
1855. The Boy's Own Magazine. Edited by
S. O. Beeton. Price 2d. 96 numbers.
1855-63.
Do. New Series. Price 6d. 90
numbers. 1863-70.
Do. New Series. 54 numbers. 1870-
1874.
1856. The Boy's Own Journal and Youth's
Miscellany. Edited by ? Price Id.
? numbers. 1856 to September, 1857,
when it was merged in Beeton's Boy's
Otcn Magazine.
1856. Little England's Illustrated Newspaper.
Edited by ? Price Id. 20 numbers.
May, 1856, to December, 1857. Con-
tinued as
Young England's Illustrated News-
paper. 24 numbers. 1858. Con-
tinued as
Young England. 36 numbers. 1859-
1861.
Do. [New Series.] 48 numbers. 1862-5.
1857. The Boys' and Girls' Companion for
Leisure Hours. Edited by J. and M.
Bennett. Price Id. ? nunjbers. 1857-
1858. Continued as
The Companion for Youth. ? numbers .
1859 to 1861.
1859. The Boy's Own Times. Edited by ?
Price ? 12 numbers. 1859.
1859. Kingston's Magazine for Boys. Edited
by W. H. G. Kingston. Price 6d.
48 numbers. March, 1859, to February,
1863, when it was merged in Beeton's
Boy's Own Magazine.
1862. Every Boy's Magazine. Edited by Ed-
mund Routledge. Price 6d. 36 numbers.
1862-4. Continued as
Routledge's Magazine for Boys. 48
numbers. 1865-8. Continued as
The Young Gentleman's Magazine.
60 numbers. 1869-73. Continued
as
Every Boy's Magazine. 192 numbers.
1874-89.
1863. The Boy's Penny Magazine. Edited by
S. O. Beeton. 12 numbers. 1863.
Continued as
The Boy's Monthly Magazine. Edited
by S. O. Beeton. 48 numbers.
1864-7.
1863. The Boy's Journal. Edited by ? Price
6<ir. 134 numbers. 1863 to February,
1871.
1864. The Boy's Friend. Edited by ? Price 3d.
44 numbers. 1864 to August, 1867.
Please reply direct. P. J. ANDERSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
QUEBEC CATHEDRAL BELLS. — Having come
across the following letter amongst the
Chatham MSS. (vol. Ixvi.), I thought that
possibly readers of ' N. & Q.' might be able
to throw some light on the said bells, if
extant : —
SIR,— I take the liberty to acquaint you that Co11
Williamson who commands the Artillery in
America has sent to me the Bells of the Cathedral
Church of Quebec, and if they will be acceptable as
a Monument of that important Conquest I beg
leave to have the Honor of presenting them to you
I am, Sir, with due respect,
^ our most Obed* Servant,
JANE WILLIAMSON.
Wrarren at Woolwich
June ye 21st 1760.
E. H. FAIRBROTHER.
ESSEX COLLINS was admitted to West-
minster School in June, 1715, aged 12.
Where did he come from, and what became
of him ? G. F. R. B.
DA COSTA. — George and Thomas Da
Costa were admitted to Westminster School
in March, 1750-51, aged 7 and 1 1 respectively.
Any information about their parentage and
career would be useful. G. F. R. B.
D'AGAR. — James and Peter D'Agar were
admitted to Westminster School in June,
1715, aged 13 and 10 respectively. Can
any correspondent of ' N. & Q.' give me
details about them ? G. F. R. B.
COL. DUROTJRE was one of the stewards
of the Westminster Anniversary Meeting in
1784. From the Army List of that year it
would seem that he was the John Duroure
who was gazetted Captain and Lieutenant-
Colonel, 2nd Foot Guards, 15 March, 1779.
Particulars of his parentage and career, as
well as the date of his death, are desired.
G. F. R. B.
EASTER : CALCULATING ITS DATE. —
Some years ago there appeared in ' N. & Q.'
a rule for the calculation of the occurrence
of Easter, for any year, without taking into
account the Golden Number or Sunday
Letter of the year. I should be much
obliged if some reader would give me the
modus operandi of this, or state the date
of the article in ' N. & Q.' W. B. C. L.
[We are indebted to MR. W. T. LYNN fov
the following information : —
" The determination of the date of Easter was
very simple in the old Julian calendar ; but
the -Gregorian reformation made it much more
difficult. Tables for cycles to find it during
many centuries were drawn up by Clavius ; and
a portion of these (slightly modified in applica-
tion) was inserted in our Prayer Books under the
390
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 20, 1911.
care of Bradley, Astronomer Royal, when the
reformed calendar was adopted in England.
" A general rule to determine Easter at any
time was discovered by the German mathe-
matician Gauss, and published in 1800 ; for it
and its proof consult a treatise by S. Butcher
(then Bishop of Meath), entitled ' General Proof
of Gauss's Rule for finding Easter Day,' which
appeared at Dublin in 1876."
See also the articles on finding the date of
Easter at 9 S. v. 281 ; xi. 182, 258 ; 10 S. i. 324,
352, 390 ; iii. 281 ; iv. 136, 166, 195.1
GOETHE QUOTATION. — Can any of your
correspondents tell me in which of Goethe's
works the following is to be found ? "A
single moment may be decisive not only of
man's life, but of his whole future." I
should like to have the German words if
possible. E. E. DAVIES.
"O.K.": NEW EXPLANATION.
(US. iii. 266.)
IN the 'N.E.D.' will be found examples
dated 1847 and 1852, proving that the " new
explanation " (which has been going the
rounds of the American press for the past
four months) is nonsense. Among my notes
are a score or more of examples earlier than
1847— one from the Rev. Wm. L. McCalla's
* Adventures in Texas,' 1841, p. 120 ; the
others from various American newspapers
of 1840. That was the year of the famous
"log cabin and hard cider" Presidential
campaign, Harrison being the Whig candi-
date and Van Buren the Democrat. On
17 June a convention was held at Worcester,
Mass., and the following extract is taken from
The Atlas, a Boston paper, of the 18th :—
"On Tuesday afternoon and evening, the Dele-
gates from different parts of the Commonwealth,
began to pour into Worcester by the railroads, by
stages, in private carriages, and on horseback, in
great numbers A part of the Barre delegation
came in on horseback, and they made a fine show.
Ihey were nearly all dressed in black coats and
white pantaloons, and wore a Log Cabin button on
their hats as a cockade. The number of persons on
horseback, was about sixty. Carriages followed,
containing the Barre Whig Association, and bearing
a banner with the motto, 'Our measures, the good
of the country— Our men, Harrison and Tyler.'
The band rode in a stage, which had a barrel of
hard cider on the baggage rack, marked with large
letters, ' O.K.'— oil korrect."
When the election took place the following
October and November, a Whig landslide
occurred, and the Whig papers all over the
country broke out with the letters " O.K." in
head -lines. It was then that the letters
came into popular use.
But the same letters had been employed
at least once at a much earlier period. In
1788 Andrew Jackson went to Nashville,
Tenn., and the records of Sumner County
contain this entry : —
"October 6th, 1790. Andrew Jackson, Esq >
proved a bill of sale from Hugh McGary to Gasper
Mansker, for a negro man, which was O.K."
In 1860 James Parton, from whose ' Life
of Andrew Jackson ' the above is quoted,
said : "A common western mistake for
O.R., which means Ordered Recorded.
Hence, perhaps, the saying ' O.K.' " (i. 136).
In 1871 De Vere wrote :—
"The story goes that General Jackson was
not much at home in the art of spelling, and his
friend and admirer, Major Jack Downing, found
therefore no difficulty in convincing the readers of
his ' Letters ' that the President employed the
letters O.K. as an indorsement of applications for
office and other papers. They were intended to
stand for * all correct,' which the old gentleman pre-
ferred writing oil korrect." — 'Americanisms,'
p. 277.
Two collections of Jack Downing letters
were published in book form. One, entitled
' The Life and Writings of Major Jack
Downing,' was written by Seba Smith of the
Portland '(Maine) Courier, of which paper he
was editor, and in which the letters first
appeared ;* this was published at Boston
in 1833. The other, entitled ' Letters of
J. Downing,' was published in New York in
1834, the letters having first appeared in
The New York Daily Advertiser ; and this
collection was written by Charles Augustus
Davis. Neither in Smith's book nor in
Davis' s is there a word about Jackson and
O.K. Nevertheless it does not follow that
De Vere was wrong. In The Atlas of
19 August, 1840, was printed this item : —
" ' O.K.' These initials, according to Jack
Downing, were first used by Gen. Jackson. ' Those
papers, Amos, are all correct. I have marked them
O.K.' (oil korrect). The Gen. was never good at
spelling." (Amos Kendall was a member of
Jackson's Cabinet.)
That Jackson was in the habit of spelling
" all correct " "oil korrect " may be put
down as a joke invented by Jack Downing,
though it has yet to be shown when and
where the Downing letter originating the
joke first appeared. It is by no means im-
probable that Parton' s suggestion will turn
out to be correct. What is needed is further
evidence between 1790 and 1840.
ALBEBT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
[MR. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL also thanked for
reply.]
ii s. in. MAY 20, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
391
A ST. HELENA PORTRAITIST : DENZIL
IBBETSON (11 S. iii. 327). — The following
inscription is copied from a tombstone in
Bromley Churchyard, Kent : —
In Memory of
Arthur Ibbetson
son of
Denzil Ibbetson Esqr
Deputy Commissary General
Born 9th May 1828
Died 12th March 1843.
Also
Charlotte Jane
only daughter of the late
Revd Denzil Ibbetson
Rector of Halstead in this County
who died September 1st 1851
aged 61 years.
The Rev. Denzil Ibbetson died 14 June,
1821.
A Denzil Ibbetson was killed 12 August,
1773 ; he was youngest son of Sir Henry
Ibbetson, Bt.
Since writing the above 1 have ascertained
from my grandmother, who knew Denzil
Ibbetson, that he was son of the Rev.
Denzil Ibbetson above mentioned. She
also knew his mother, an inmate of Bromley
College, and his three sons, of whom Denzil
was the eldest ; he had an appointment
in India, and married Clarissa, daughter of
John Guilding, son of the Rev. John Guilding,
D.D., by his wife Sarah Jane, also an inmate
of Bromley College. The last-named died
June, 1831 (?), aged 79, and was buried In
Bromley churchyard. My grandmother
does not remember the names of the two
younger sons. F. M. R. HOLWORTHY.
Bickley, Kent.
TERRACE (11 S. iii. 207, 251, 291, 332).—
I am obliged to COL. PRIDEAUX for calling
my attention to the two errors of attribu-
tion and reference occurring in my reply
at p. 291 ; but although the Crace Catalogue
says " R. Green," the engraver of the plate
*The Buildings called the Adelphi ' in 1771
was B. Green. A copy is before me, and
Mr. Austin Brereton in reproducing it gives
the name of the engraver in full, "Ben-
jamin Green." ALECK ABRAHAMS.
SHAKESPEARE AND THE PRAYER BOOK
(US. iii. 301).— W. C. B. might add to his
interesting note on this subject a reminiscence
of the Duty toward thy Neighbour to be
found in ' Hamlet,' III. ii. 351 : —
" So I do still, by these pickers and stealers."
Shakespeare's contemporaries seem to have
been impressed by this quaint expression
from the Prayer Book. They frequently
transposed the words of the passage when
quoted by shepherds and clowns, thus : —
" I can keep my tongue from picking and steal-
ing, and my hands from lying and slandering."
— ' Mucedorus,' I. iv. 129.
" Keeping your hands from lying and slander-
ing, and your tongues from picking and stealing."
— ' Selimus,' 1981.
Harrison, too, uses the expression, but he was
a clergyyman : —
" The people in the mean time live idly, disso-
lutely, and by picking and stealing one from
another." — 'Elizabethan England' (Scott ed.),
p. 133.
P. A. McELWAiNE.
Dublin.
CLERGYMEN AND CRESTS (US. iii. 329). —
F. T. F.'s suggestion that clergymen, as
" men of peace," should bear their arms on
a cartouche, derives no warrant from
mediaeval heraldry, and is calculated to
disturb the repose of more than one departed
prelate militant. With what fine scorn
would such a proposal have been received
by Antony Bek, Bishop of Durham, one of
Edward I.'s most puissant generals of divi-
sion, whose cross potent was so highly dis-
tinguished among the banners of the Plan-
tagenet army. And after Bannockburn, in
the dismal years of the seoond Edward, who
was there but William de Meltoun, Arch-
bishop of York, to hold the English marches
against the triumphant Scots ?
HERBERT MAXWELL.
One hears it sometimes dogmatically
asserted that clerics have no right to use
helmets or crests. There is no ground for
such an assertion, although it is legitimate
to question the propriety of the use, either
by ecclesiastics or by ladies, of what are
primarily intended for emplovment in war
or martial exercises.
In most countries the nelmet and crest
are replaced, for ecclesiastics, by a flat low-
crowned hat, indicating the rank of the
bearer by its colour, and the number of
tassels of its cords. These hats, however,
have never been in common heraldic use
either in England or in Germany, and in the
latter country, owing to the frequent union
of ecclesiastical and temporal rank in the
same person, crests and helms are frequently
used by the dignified clergy. In England
I should say that while a clergyman may,
if he please, use the crest of his family, it
would be more in accordance with custom
and propriety to forgo such use. Foreign
ecclesiastics often bear their arms on a simple
oval escutcheon or cartouche, instead of on
392
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. MAY 20, mi.
a shield ; but I do not think this has be'en
generally customary in England.
D. O. HUNTER BLAIR.
Fort Augustus.
A clergyman in this country has never been
denied the right of using a crest, if he is of
an armorial family, and chooses to display it.
A grant of arms to a clergyman includes a
crest, and the emblazonment shows the
helmet and crest. It is, however, very
customary for clergymen not to make use of
a crest in depicting their arms. On the
other hand, an ecclesiastic of the rank of
a bishop, archbishop, or cardinal is not
entitled to use a crest. If a grant of arms
is made to a bishop of the Church of England,
the emblazonment consists of shield and
mitre only, the crest being depicted in the
margin, distinct from the emblazonment
proper. The descendants of the bishop
would use the crest in the ordinary manner.
The use of the cartouche or oval seems to
be nearly universal with ecclesiastics abroad,
but not in this country. See 'A Complete
Guide to Heraldry,' by A. C. Fox-Da vies
(London, T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1909).
T. F, D.
HANNAH MORE PORTRAITS (11 S. iii. 347).
— On William Finden's engraving (published
25 August, 1834) of the painting by Opie,
which is the frontispiece to W. Roberts's
' Memoirs of the Life of Mrs. Hannah More '
(4th ed., 1836), the original is described as
" now in the possession of Lady Olivia B.
Sparrow." Was she also the owner of the
portrait by Miss Reynolds ?
EDWARD BENSLY.
'NICHOLAS NICKLEBY,' " POPYLORUM
TIBI " : SUPPRESSIONS IN * PICKWICK '
(11 S. iii. 244, 313).— I am afraid I was a
little hasty in assuming that the words
" populorum tibi " were in the ' Te Deum.'
I still hope to find them somewhere in the
Psalms. The difficulty, however, remains :
how did Dickens come upon the original, and
what prompted him to transform it into
" Popylorum tibi " ?
HIPPOCLIDES desires to know the cryptic
passage in ' Pickwick ' to which I made
allusion. The author tells us, apropos of
theCobham stone, that Mr. Pickwick's por-
trait was painted in commemoration, and
that "he did not have it destroyed a few years
later." It seems that about this time Sir
John Soane had his portrait painted, mean-
ing to present it to an institution,but, as a
likeness, it was found too unflattering, and
his friends inflamed him against it. Jerdan,
one of these, cut the canvas into ribbons,
and a controversy followed. Readers will
not now find the passage, which, in a few
years, was quietly dropped out. I remember
once proposing an article on the Soanes —
Sir John and his eccentric son George —
to Boz, which he vetoed with every symptom
of horror and disgust, e,s though it were a
painful subject.
I think there is only one other passage in
' Pickwick ' which has been thus removed,
and that is the rather gibing note on the
worthy Mr. Jesse, apropos of -Jingle's dog
story.
I had the fortune of living at Richmond
just twelve years after the appearance of
' Pickwick,' when Mr. Tupman might be pre-
sumed to be living there also. Strange to
say, there was then a resident who was
the very picture of Mr. Pickwick, rosy,
circular - spectacled, &c. This was Mr.
Edgeworth, brother to the fair Maria. He
was highly popular among the ladies.
PERCY FITZGERALD.
In a schoolboys' counting-out rime the
last line ends : " Hi cockolorum tibi, one,
two, three." Is it not likely that " popy-
lorum " was a version of this same rime,
known to Dickens ?
H. SNOWDEN WARD,
Authors' Club.
•'PICKWICK' DIFFICULTIES (US. iii. 267»
313, 332).—" Now then, old Strike-a -light ! "
is an expression which has been familiar
to me for many years. It was applied to
most " old codgers," men who had a reply
to every question, or were good at " tit
for tat " in the way of repartee. Men who
knew more than their fellows were addressed
as " old Strike-a-light," and were not lazy
persons, but quite the other way, able to give
information on small matters to their
fellow " working chaps," The term was
something of an affectionate or appreciative
greeting. It might possibly have arisen
from tinder-box days, or when a box of
striking matches was somewhat of a rarity.
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
" RHUBARB " : ITS DERIVATION (US. iii.
328). — I certainly copied the statement about
the Rha, or Volga, being " a river in Pontus "
from somewhere ; and I do not know that
it is wrong. For Pontus was most vaguely
used ; Lewis and Short explain it as meaning
(1) the Black Sea ; (2) the region about the
Black Sea ; (3) a particular district in Asia
Minor. MR. LYNN refers to the third sense ;
us. m. MAY 20, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
393
and the plant called the rha grew in the
Pontus as used in the second sense. Lewis
and Short give Pontica radix, rhubarb, used
by Celsus. I suppose it was simply called
so as growing in the country to the north
of the Black Sea. How great a sinner must
Ovid have been in writing verses " ex Ponto,"
when all the while he was at Tomi, in Moesia,
and not in Pontus (in the narrow sense) at
all ! WALTER W. SKEAT.
The principal geographical source of the
Rha Ponticum of our old herbalists was sup-
posed to be Pontus, not the shores of the
Caspian. Siberian rhubarb is now called
Rheum Rhaponticum, but both Lyte (Dodoens)
and Gerard distinguish between the rhubarb
of the Volga and " Pontick rubarb."
Gerard, at least, seems to confuse the former
with China rhubarb ; Lyte calls the other
" Rha of Turkie."
As regards the etymology of the word,
Lemery, under Rhabarbarum, suggests that
possibly the river Rha tooS its name from
the root, not vice versa (!); and under
Rhaponticum he says : " c'est-a-dire, ratine
de Ponte, parce que cette racine etoit autre-
fois apportee du Royaume de Ponte." Thus
too Silvius (quoted in ' Alphita ') : " Reubar-
barum a reu quod est radix et barbarum
region*5 ubi oritur." C. C. B.
The Radix Pontica grows in Thrace, on the
borders of the Euxine Sea, north of the
Caspian, Siberia, &c. Prosper Alpinus was
of opinion that the Rha of Dioscorides was
the root of Rheum Rhaponticum, which
Alpinus obtained from Thrace in 1608 A.D.,
and cultivated at Pavia, Paulus ^Egineta
seems to make a distinction between Rha
and Rheon, for he says that in the vomiting
of pregnant women we may give " the
blood-wort, boiled in water, for drink, and
likewise dill, and Pontic root, called Rha in
the dialect of that country." In noticing the
practice of the ancients, he says : " Alvine
discharges they promoted by giving turpen-
tine to the extent of an olive, when. going to
rest ; or, when they wished to purge more
effectually, by adding a little rhubarb "
(Rheon). Ammianus Marcellinus, lib. xii.,
says the Rha is a river on the banks of
which grows a root which bears its name,
and is much renowned in medicine.
TOM JONES.
WALTER R. BENJAMIN OF XEW YORK
(11 S. iii. 189).— Judah P. Benjamin, Q.C.
(1811-84), was born of Anglo- Jewish parents
at St. Croix, West Indies. He does not
seem to have been in any way related to Mr.
Walter R. Benjamin of New York. One
would rather look for the latter's connexion
with Hawthorne through Park Benjamin
(1809-64), born of New England parents
at Demerara. A poet and journalist, Park
Benjamin edited The American Monthly
Magazine, The Neiv Yorker, and other pub-
lications. Being contemporary with Haw-
thorne, he may have corresponded with him
on literary matters. S. W. S.
My guess is that Dr. Conway referred to
the New York publisher of this name. To
judge from his catalogues occasionally sent
me, he deals largely in autographs and docu-
ments. MR. BRESLAR'S question can doubt-
less be answered by addressing a letter to
Mr. Benjamin at 225, Fifth Avenue, New
York. ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
FISHING IN FRESH WATER IN CLASSICAL
TIMES (11 S. iii. 249, 350). — In a unique
volume of paintings by Pietro Sante Bartoli —
containing fine copies of frescoes and mosaics
made by him from the walls of classical
ruins found in his lifetime (1650), for
Cardinal Camillo Massimo — occurs abeautiful
early fourth-century representation of fishing
with hook and line. The main subject, in
three sections divided by architectural
pilasters, is a Christian one. In the decora-
tive foreground is a river with amorini fishing,
quite in the best Pompeian manner. The
original formed part of the rich vaulting
adorning the so-called " Tempio di Bacco "
(in reality the tomb of Constantia, daughter
of the Emperor Constantine), near S. Agnese
fuori le Mura, on the Via Nomentana.
The subject of Aphrodite fishing on the
seashore is a Greek one probably. It occurs
at Pompeii. Tibullus (ii. 6) refers to the
use of the rod. ST. CLAIR BADDELEY.
Plutarch in describing the trick which
Cleopatra played upon Antony (' Vit. Ant.,'
929 A) does not say that they were angling
in fresh water. In any case, the point of
the jest was that dried fish (YlovnKov rdpi\os)
— a red herring, so to speak — was attached to
the hook. EDWARD BENSLY,
PRINCE CHARLES OF BOURBON-CAPUA
(US. iii. 329). — The Prince of Capua who
made a " romantic marriage " was younger
brother of King Ferdinand II. of the Two
Sicilies. He was born 10 October, 1811,
and was the second son of King Francis I.
by his second marriage with Maria Isabella
of Spain, and full brother also of Queen
Maria Christina of Spain. He married later
394
NOTES AND QUERIES. tu s. in. MAY 20, mi.
— " the triple alliance " it was called, as the
union was formed by civil marriage as well
as by the Catholic and Protestant rites — an
Irish lady, Miss Penelope (Grice) Smyth of
Ballynatray. She and her sister (who
afterwards married " the rich old Lord
Dinorben ") lived at Naples with a dilenna,
Mrs. ^ Phayre. Sir Richard F. Burton
mentions them in the account of his boyhood.
He writes : —
" Penelope had always distinguished herself
at Paris by mounting wild horses in the Bois de
Boulogne, which ran away with her and shook
her magnificent hair loose. She became a
favourite at the Court of Naples, and amused
the dull royalties with her wild Irish tricks. It
is said that, on one occasion, she came up with a
lift instead of the expected vol au vent or pudding.
She ended by marrying the Prince of Capua,
greatly to the delight of the King, who found an
opportunity of getting rid of his brother."
An account of a dinner the Duke of Devon-
shire gave in 1840 to the Duke of Sussex and
Lady Cecilia Underwood, and the Prince of
Capua and the Contessa di Mascoli (as his
wife was afterwards called), will be found in
Greville's ' Memoirs ' (vol. iv. p. 288).
A. FRANCIS STEUART.
Prince Charles, that is, Charles Ferdinand
Bourbon, Prince of Capua, was the brother
of Ferdinand II., King of Naples and Sicily,
better known as King Bomba. Penelope
Smyth was the daughter of Grice Smyth,
Esq., of Ballynatray, co. Waterford. They
were married on 5 April, 1836, in somewhat
romantic, circumstances. Having eloped
from Naples to England in order to be married
according to the rites of the English Church,
their marriage was stopped by a caveat
entered by the Sicilian envoy to this country
in the interest of his master, King Bomba.
The arguments for and against the union
are briefly summarized in Ward's 'Men of
the Reign,' 1885, pp. 157-8. The case was
legally decided against the prince and
princess. Nothing daunted, however, they
caused their banns to be published, and were
duly married at St. George's, Hanover
Square, no valid reason being alleged to
prevent the union. It was the fourth occa-
sion on which the prince and princess had
married each other. They were married
once at Rome, once at Madrid, once at Gretna
Greenland last of all in London. In 1862
the Prince of Capua died, leaving his widow
with two children, Prince Francesco Fer-
dinando Carlo of Capua, and the Princess
Vittoria Augusta Penelope. The Princess
of Capua survived her husband until 15 De-
cember 1882, dying at the royal villa of
Martia, near Lucca. SCOTUS.
During the summer of 1879 the Princess
Vittoria, daughter of the beautiful Penelope
Smyth of Limerick, was living with her
relatives, I believe, at a country villa fcur
or five miles from the Bagni di Lucca,
towards Lucca. The young princess, on the
occasion of a special ball which was attended
by the officers of one of the cavalry regiments
stationed at Lucca, appeared at the Royal
Casino, Bagni di Lucca, without any par-
ticular stir, and was a gay partaker in the
medley of a lively cotillon which closed the
entertainment. As usual in this dance,
the ladies have the privilege of selecting their
partners, by chance or choice. I shared the
common lot, and probably owed the favour
to my English nationality.
I afterwards heard from an Irish friend
the romantic story of Miss Penelope Smyth,
the wife of the Bourbon prince.
WILLIAM MERCER.
THE AUTHORIZED VERSION : DATE OF
ITS TRANSLATION (11 S. iii. 327). — Mr.
Scrivener has observed with truth (' Intro-
duction to Cambridge Paragraph Bible ' )
that " never was a great enterprise like the
production of our Authorized Version carried
out with less knowledge handed down to
posterity 'of the labourers, their method, and
order of working." Hosts of writers have
essayed to relate the story of our English
Bible, but as a rule the result has been to
leave the reader profoundly perplexed with
regard to the points to which the REV. W.
MUIR calls attention. And yet an explana-
tion does not seem to be altogether beyond
the range of possibility. In the history of
the production of the Authorized Version two
distinct periods require to be kept in mind :
(1) the period of preparation, extending from
1604 to 1607, and (2) the period of revision or
reconstruction or making a new version out
of old ones, extending from 1607 to 1610.
As regards the first of these — the period of
preparation — the work done was purely
preliminary. Fifty -four scholars were ap-
pointed, but only forty-seven of them took
part in the work. Their names are given
by Fuller, and reprinted by Anderson in
his ' Annals of the English Bible.' They were
divided into six companies, and to each com-
pany a different portion of Scripture was
assigned. The duty required of them was
not to make a new translation, but merely
to select the best of previous existing trans-
lations, and such as gave the sense of the
original most faithfully. The Bishops' Bible
was the groundwork of their labours, but
Tindale's, Matthew's, Coverdale's, Whit-
ii s. in. MAT 20, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
395
Church's, and the Geneva were also carefully
examined. This preparatory work occupied
about three years — Anderson, ' English
Bible,' says "four years" ; but this must
be a mistake. Their labours terminated
an 1607, when six different portions of Scrip-
ture were submitted for final revision.
The second period — the period of revision
or reconstruction — began in the spring of
1607. It was carried on by twelve scholars,
two being chosen from each of the six former
•companies. Their work, it is said, occupied
them for nine months, sitting day after day
until it was finished. The result, or first
•draft of the Authorized Version, was then
submitted for final correction to two of their
number, Dr. Miles Smith and Bilson, Bishop
•of Winchester.
It may be added that the Bible of 161 1 was
•not entered on the Stationers' Registers
because it was only a revised edition. The
best and most recent writers on the whole
subject are, I believe, Mr. H. W. Hoare in
' Our English Bible, the Story of its Origin
and Growth,' and Mr. A. W. Pollard in
4 Records of the English Bible.'
W. SCOTT.
In the Introduction to the Official Guide to
the Bible Exhibition in the British Museum
'(pp. 16-17) it is stated that, though six com-
panies of translators (forty-seven names) had
been formed for the purpose in 1604, it was
not until 1607 that the work of translation
was " definitely " taken in hand.
C. C. B.
[MR. TOM JONFS sends a long extract from the
Guide, which we have forwarded to the querist.]
MEDIEVAL " OBERAMMERGATJS " (11 S.
iii. 267, 333). — In the York mystery play of
* Corpus Christi ' (1415) — and doubtless
in the corresponding cycles at Towneley,
Chester, and Coventry — pageant 34, pro-
vided by the Tunners, represented Jesus
bearing His cross to Calvary, &c. ; pageant
35, provided by the Pinners, Latoners, and
Painters, the cross, Jesus stretched upon
it on the earth, four Jews scourging and
dragging Him with ropes, and afterwards
uplifting the cross and the body of Jesus
nailed to it, on Mount Calvary ; pageant 36,
provided by the Butchers and Poulterers,
the cross, two thieves crucified, Jesus
hung on the cross between them, Mary the
mother of Jesus, John, Mary, James and
Salome, a centurion, Joseph of Arimathea
And Nicodemus laying Him in the tomb, &c.
The extant Cornish mystery plays consist
of a connected series of three sub-cycles,
the central one of which is the Passio
Domini, the life of Christ from the tempta-
tion to the crucifixion.
An English play (composed about the
middle of the fifteenth century, and extant
in a MS. which dates from the beginning of
the sixteenth) deals with the lowering of
Christ from the cross, and was intended for
performance on Good Friday.
A grotesque dance, performed by Jews,
with accompaniment of music, round the
cross on which Christ hangs, is to be met
with not only in the Coventry Mysteries,
but likewise in some German mystery plays.
Prof. Creizenach says : —
"If in a processional play (such as the York
Mysteries, for example) one character appeared in
several scenes, it was, necessarily, represented by
different persons : Christ on the Mount of Olives
was a different individual fro in Christ before Pilate
or on Golgotha."
Nowadays at Oberammergau the same
actor takes the part of Christus or the
Virgin, as the case may be, throughout the
entire drama. A. R. BAYLEY,
[U. also thanked for reply.]
ANANIAS AS A CHBISTIAN NAME (11 S.
iii. 266, 333). — I do not for a moment
suggest that the Puritans knew anything
about the * Acta Sanctorum,' but as a
matter of fact there has been a St. Ananias
whose day is kept in the Roman Catholic
Church on 16 December (Festum Triam
Puerorum). The three boys in question
were Ananias, Azarias, and Misael.
L. L. K.
In the ' Kent Parish Registers, Marriages,'
Phillimore series, Staplehurst, p. 115, is this
entry : " Ananias Homard of Maydston
and Susana Glover, 27 Dec., 1688."
R. J. FYNMORE.
For the use of Sapphira it is difficult to
devise an explanation, but for Ananias why
should we not assume that the good Ananias
of Acts ix. and xxhv-12 was he whose name
was chosen ? S. S. BAGSTEB.
Higher Turnpike, Marazion, Cornwall.
" SEGUNDO " (11 S. iii. 3*7).— A Segundo
bridle must refer to a. bridle with a Segundo
bit, which is the iron part of a bridle. The
important improvement introduced was in
giving to the mouthpiece a partial rotary
movement on the branches, by which means
its position is always horizontal to the tongue
('The Loriner,' Latchford on 'Bridle Bits,'
1871). In the list of engravings are a
Segundo bit, No. 41, and a Buxton Segundo,
396
NOTES AND QUERIES. [iis.m. MAY 20,1911,
No. 81. The reader is referred to Seguiido's
work, dedicated to King George IV., entitled
'A Treatise on the Suitable Bitting of Horses,
with a Description of a New System of Bridle
Bits, invented by Don Juan Segundo,'
translated from the original Spanish MS.,
1832. TOM JONES.
THE " ALEPPO MERCHANT " INN (US. iii.
289). — No such name as " Aleppo Merchant "
appears among inns mentioned in itineraries
or travel sketches in Wales towards the close
of the eighteenth century. It may therefore
be inferred that the inn at Carno, Mont-
gomeryshire, was not erected until the
succeeding century. The reason for its
being so called can only be conjectured.
Aleppo in former times was one of the
greatest emporiums of the East, attracting
traders from all quarters. An Aleppo
merchant was the synonym for one whose
goods could always be depended on to give
satisfaction. Hence probably the inn at
Carno was so named to indicate the excel-
lence of its provision for both man and
beast. U.
The name of this public-house probably
owes its origin to Aleppo, in Syria, one of the
chief commercial Turkish towns, its mer-
chants at one time being ranked amongst
the greatest traders in the world.
T. SHEPHERD.
LITANY : SPITTING AND STAMPING THE
FEET (11 S. iii. 148, 217, 294).— The practice
to which MR. RATCXIFFE refers of spitting
in front of a toad in order to avert bad luck
ma
Ha
the end of the last three books of his ' Vir-
gidemiae ' : —
"But why should vices be unblamed for fear of
blame? And if thou mayest spit upon a toad un-
venomed why mayest thou not speak of vice without
danger?"
EDWARD BENSLY.
With reference to MR. ' ADDLESHAW'S
remarks I may say that ultra-orthodox
Jews daily prayed to be saved from every
form of contamination, both physical and
spiritual, and whenever one of them en-
countered a dog, or a rat, or a pervert from
Judaism, he would almost unconsciously
resort to expectoration. The only excuse
I can offer for this habit is the one cited
respecting a bad odour, for which there may
be excellent physiological reasons.
M. L. R. BRESLAR.
iy be illustrated by a comparison of Joseph
ill in the ' Postscript to the Reader ' at
I think we have an allusion to the custom
of spitting during church service in Earle's
' Micro -cosmographie.' One of the cha-
racteristics of " a young rawe Preacher " is
" he has an excellent faculty in bemoaning
the people, and spits with a very good graced
P. A. McElAVATNE,
In Ireland people in a rage spit — pro-
bably to put themselves in a towering
passion. At least, some do.
Even in America I saw one Irishman so
spit. As a liner left Boston Quay, carrying
some Harvard University students who
were swaggeringly full of themselves, arid
making hideous howls, the yelling made-
the man of the people spit out the bitterness
that was in him. W. F. P. STOCKLEY.
University College, Cork.
The most sacred promise one can extract
from little boys in Ireland is to make them
draw their right fingers across their throats,,
end spit in doing so. DTJNMURRY.
MARSHAL TALLARD, PRISONER OF WAR
(11 S. iii. 289). — The surrender of Tallard
on the battle-field of Blenheim is repre-
sented (in high relief) on a terra-cotta plaque
in the Soane Museum, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
Presumably, the plaque is the work of an
eighteenth-century artist.
R. L. MORETON.
A whole-length portrait of Marshal Tal-
lard, executed by J. Mariette, is mentioned
in Noble's continuation of Granger's ' Bio-
graphical History,' ii. 417. Noble's re-
marks on the Marshal's captivity in England,,
pp. 417-18, may be worth reading.
SUTOCS.
JAMES BALLANTYNE'S KELSO PRESS (11 S..
1ii. 347). — MR. GRANT credits Ballantyne
with having printe'd Lewis's ' Tales of Terror/
and he may be right ; but I would suggest
that he is confusing it with ' An Apology
for Tales of Terror,' Kelso, printed at the
Mail office, 1799. This was by Scott, and
Was " the first specimen of a press after-
wards so celebrated " (see Lockhart, chap,
ix.).
Another book printed by James Ballan-
tyne at Kelso was " Memoirs of the Cele-
brated Dwarf, Joseph Boruwlaski, a Polish
Gentleman. Translated from the Original
French of M. Boruwlaski, and carefully
revised and corrected. 1801." See 'The
Ballantyne Press and its Founders, 1796-
1908,' Edinburgh, Ballantyne, Hanson &
Co., 1909. WM. H. PEET,
s. m. MAY 20, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
397
Ballantyne while in Kelso printed for
Sir Walter Scott ' Apology for the Tales of
Terror.' According to Allibone, the booklet,
of which only 12 copies were printed, bore
•an Edinburgh imprint ; but it is evident
from Lockhart's ' Life of Scott ' that the
printing was done solely at the Kelso press.
The third volume of ' Minstrelsy of the
Scottish Border,' bearing also the Edinburgh
imprint, was for the most part printed at
Kelso before Ballantyne removed to Edin-
burgh. Separate copies of some of Scott's
minor poems were also produced at the
Kelso press. * Sir Tristram,' which did not
appear till 1804, was in part, at least, the
work of Ballantyne's Kelso press.
The situation is somewhat complicated
by the fact that in the end of the eighteenth
century and the beginning of the nineteenth
Kelso boasted two printers. Ballantyne's
rival, a man named Palmer, edited a news-
paper called The British Chronicle from
1783 to 1803. I have a note of .some of
his publications issued in 1782, 1784, 1789,
and 1803. These are not to be mistaken
for Ballantyne's work. As is generally
known, Ballantyne started The Kelso Mail
in 1796, which still continues to be pub-
lished.
Would MR. GRANT oblige by stating the
nature of the publication ' The History o'
the Families o' the Farmers and the Light-
bodies ' ? W. S. S.
MAY DAY : MAY-GAMES : MAY-POLES
(11 S. iii. 321, 371). — The quotation from
Glover's ' Kingsthorpiana ' (1883) may
perhaps be admitted in full. It is the 78th
item among the " Ordinances and Statutes
made by the consent of all the inhabitants
of the Towne of Kyngesthorpe (North-
amptonshire) in tie tyme of Robert Coke,
Bayly there, anno primo Edwardi sexti
{1547)" :—
"78 Itm, that the chosynge of the kynge and
<iuene for the May Gayraes shalbe chosin uppon
Eastern day after Evynsonge and he or she that do
refuse the election shall forfaytt vis. viiirf., and the
Bay lye to distresse immediately for the same, and
tor to have the one halfe for his labor and the other
halfe to the Churche.;'
JOHN T. PAGE.
ROBERT ROLI.O GILLESPIE AT VELLORE
(11 S. iii. 348). — COL. PEARSE'S question
fives me the opportunity of asking where
can find an account of what happened
at Vellore.
In ' Battles of the Nineteenth Century '
Gillespie is incidentally referred to as " the
hot-headed soldier who, single-handed, had
galloped a few years before to help the
besieged residents of Vellore." And mention
is made in ' The Ingoldsby Legends ' of his
monument in St. Paul's, as that of " Gilles-
pie, who escaped from the row at Vellore."
This is all that I have been able to learn.
On the said monument he is not, if my
memory serves me, described as K.C.B. ;
I suppose, therefore, that he was gazetted
to that honour before news arrived of his
death. E. L. H. TEW.
Upham Rectory, Hants.
CHURCH OF ENGLAND c. 1750 (11 S. iii.
349). — The book inquired for is " Thesaurus
Rerum Ecclesiasticarum. Being an Account
of the Valuations of all the Ecclesiastical
Benefices in the several Dioceses in England
and Wales, by John Ecton. Second edition,
by Browne Willis. Published in 1754."
It can often be purchased second-hand very
cheaply. T. CRAIB.
The pages of the book referred to belong
to the ' Thesaurus Rerum Ecclesiasticarum '
of John Ecton, London, 1763. An improved
edition of this work was issued by John
Bacon in 1786, and is known as ' Bacon's
Liber Regis.' The dioceses of Carlisle,
Chester, and Durham there occupy pp. 1189-
1277. Under Manchester, p. 1233, are
mentioned, besides the Collegiate Church,
St. Anne's, St. John's, St. Mary's, and
St. Paul's. " Manchester " is indexed only
under " Collegiate Church." J. T. F.
Durham.
[MR. R. AUSTIN, MR. W. P. COURTNEY, and the
REV. W. D. MACBAY also refer to Ecton.]
LONDON REMAINS (11 S. iii. 346). — The
interesting note by SYL VIOLA prompts me
to ask what became of the fine flagstones on
the space at the eastern end of the Royal
Exchange between the entrance to " Lloyd's"
and Royal Exchange Buildings. They were
removed many years ago and replaced with
asphalt, much to the regret of workers
thereabouts. CECIL CLARKE,
Junior Athenseum Club.
WALTON AND COTTON MEDAL (11 S. iii.
329). — I have in my possession a medal
somewhat similar to the one described by
W. B. H. The description is as follows.
The medal is bronze, slightly larger in dia-
meter than a half-crown, and is boldly and
well modelled. Obverse : bust of Walton,
with " Izaak W^alton " round it. At the
bottom the date MDCCCXXII., and *' Avern
F." Reverse : a tomb surmounted by an
urn, on each side of the tomb being trees
and foliage, whilst leaning against the tomb
398
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 20, mi.
is an angler with his rod and basket. On
the tomb itself is " Izaak Walton, Born 1593,
Died 1683." At the foot is " T. Gosden "
and also " Avern F." Around the design is
" Piscatoribus Sacrum."
CHARLES DBUBY.
I suggest that the great interest in ' The
Complete Angler,' as shown by (at least)
seven editions between 1808 and 1824,
accounts for the production of the medal,
of which I have a bronze specimen. The
Walton and Cotton Club is further evidence
of interest.
W. B. H. does not mention Gosden' s
edition of 'The Complete Angler,' 1822,
which I see recorded in G. C. Davies's
cheap issue. S. S. BAGSTEB.
Higher Turnpike, Marazion, Cornwall.
COBPSE BLEEDING IN PBESENCE OF THE
MUBDEBEB (US. ii. 328, 390, 498 ; iii. 35,
92). — One of the popular beliefs most widely
current and very deeply rooted among the
Japanese is that after death and before
burial blood issues from the nostrils of a
man when his body is approached by some
of his relatives whom he particularly loved
in his life. Many are the examples of this
preserved in every aged person's memory,
but, curiously enough, it is very scantily
mentioned in Japanese literature.
A few days ago I met an old friend other-
wise very trustworthy, and we had a con-
versation on this subject. He proved a
staunch adherent of this belief, adducing
in proof of it the fact that some thirty years
since he witnessed the headless corpse of a
fisherman stranded on the shore, from whose
neck blood began to flow when it was ap-
proached by the man's only aunt, who had
been especially kind to him all his life.
KUMAGUSU MlNAKATA.
Tanabe, Kii, Japan.
The fear of " a meere dull phisitian," says
Earle, " is, least the carcasse should bleed."
The jest involved here about doctors
killing their patients is not new. Hey-
wood's 'pothecary asks : — •
Whom have ye known die honestly
Without help of the 'pothecary ?
The pardoner magnifies his office : —
If ye killed a thousand in an hour's space.
When come they to heaven, dying out of grace ?
But the 'pothecary's answer is convincing :
If a thousand pardons about your necks were tied,
When come they to heaven if they never died ?
'The Four PP.'
P, A. McELWAINE.
Dublin.
GBATIOTJS OB GBACINES STBEET (11 S.
iii. 149, 175, 212).— It has not, I think, been
noted that White in his ' Antiquities of
Selborne ' says that the lower part of the
village next the Grange, in which are a
pond and a stream, is well known by the
name of Gracious Street, an appellation not
at all understood : —
" There is a lake in Surrey, near Chobham, called
also Gracious-pond ; and another, if we mistake
not, near Hedleigh in the county of Hants. This
strange denomination we do not at all comprehend,
and conclude that it may be a corruption from some
Saxon word, itself perhaps forgotten."— Ed. 19(Xh
p. 350.
There is also a Gracious Ford five miles
west of Bampton in North Devon.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
' HAMLET ' IN 1585 (11 S. iii. 267, 311).—
I am much obliged for the answers to my
query. What I particularly wish to know,
however, is where to find evidence that
a Hamlet play was acted at Cambridge in
1585. Mr. Crouch Batchelor, the Baconian,
in his pamphlet ' Francis Bacon wrote
Shakespeare,' states (p. 18) that there is
evidence to this effect ; but though I have
spent days in the B. M. Reading-Room in
search thereof, I have found no trace of it.
I should be also much obliged if any
Shakesperian would tell me the title of a book
published within the last five years in which
reference is made to the arrival at Leith by
boat of a party of players and musicians.
IONIA.
"C" AND "T" INTEBCHANGED (11 S.
iii. 229, 351). — The seventh line in col. 2
of my reply should read " appears as ti
in the verb qa-tal-ti" J. T. F.
LAWBENCE STBEET, ST. GILES' S-IN-THE-
FIELDS (11 S. iii. 309).— Lawrence Street is
probably named after Sir Thomas Lawrence,
President of the Royal Academy, who lived
for twenty-five years at 65, Russell Square,
W.C., and died there 7 January, 1830.
T. SHEPHEBD.
A CUBIOUS Box (US. iii. 308).— I have
known a box that answers in some respects
to the one referred to by E. V. L. The
size was about the same ; of there being a
drawer I am not certain. The top had
not holes in it, but had a pincushion ; the
bottom had a heavy piece of lead let into
it and covered with green baize. It was
called a " heavy cushion," and was used
to pin a piece of work to, such as a seam
to be sewn. This must be, if still in exist-
ii s. in. MAT 20,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
399
ence, a hundred years old. The baize at
the bottom was certainly intended as an
aid to its not slipping on the table. The
inside of the box was only used for keeping
cottons in. E. B. S. BOYS.
London Clubs : their History and Treasures. By
Ralph Nevill. (Chatto & Windus.)
MR. NEVILL has got hold of an excellent subject,
and made an entertaining volume out of it. He
revels in anecdote which, if not always new to the
expert student of history and memoirs, will
probably be fresh to the present generation of
readers. He covers in part some of the ground
of his ' Light Come, Light Go,' a history of
gambling, so that there is some repetition of
matter concerning the gamesters of Brooks's.
That volume contains an illustration of ' The
Gambling-Room ' of the club just mentioned
which would have been appropriate here. The
illustrations presented to us are, however, all
to the point.
Rapid changes have been passing over club-life
of recent years, and Mr. Nevill does not fail to
supply interesting details of the conservative
members who grumble at innovations — such as
increased facilities of smoking, largely due to
the example of King Edward — and have in some
cases by their obstinacy led to the departure of
prominent men, and subsequent collapse of their
favourite institution.
The hospitality of the Garrick Club is famous.
At this place of good entertainment our late and
well-beloved editor was a favourite, and we are
pleased to find the following reference to him,
which is unnoted in the Index : —
" The Beefsteak Club, like the Garrick, once
contained quite a number of members who had a
great disinclination to go to bed, and who lingered
late over the pleasant talk of the supper-table.
Here also the spirit of the age has effected a
change, for practically all the old school of Beef-
steakers, of which that most delightful of men,
the late Joseph Knight, was such a brilliant
example, are gone, and the hours kept are now
very reasonable."
Besides clubs which aim merely at social life
and the pleasures of the table, there are others
which cater for higher qualifications, and Mr.
Nevill has found much of interest concerning the
Dilettanti Society and " The Club," of which
Johnson, Goldsmith, Burke, Fox, Gibbon, and
other great men were members, and which,
demanding distinction as a qualification for
entrance, " is perhaps the most exclusive institu-
tion in Europe." The Travellers, which refused
to admit Cecil Rhodes, has a similar reputation.
Mr. Nevill imagines Dr. Johnson saying of the
modern club, " Sir, this may be a palace, but it
is no club," and one can fairly imagine some
such dictum from the philosopher. But when
he speaks of " the days when Dr. Johnson blew
his cloud by the side of an old-fashioned fire-
place," he is surely at fault. We gather from
Boswell's great work that Johnson did not smoke
himself, though he viewed the habit with leniency.
Upper Norwood Athenceum : the Record of the-
Winter Meetings and Summer Excursions*
1910.
WE are delighted to find the Upper Norwood
Athenaeum in such a flourishing condition ; new
members are being enrolled, and these not only add
to the number of the ramblers, but are prepared to-
take their part in conducting rambles and reading
papers.
The winter visits included Fishmongers' Hall
and St. Magnus the Martyr, conducted by Mr..
Frederick Higgs, and Deptford and Sayes Court,,
by Mr. William F. Potter. In St. Nicholas's
churchyard, Deptford, was found the following
epitaph to the memory of a publican : " God takes
the good, too good on earth to stay ; and leaves
the bad, too bad to take away." In the church-
yard of St. Paul's, Deptford, is an epitaph in
memory of Mrs. Mary Hawtree, midwife, who died,
in 1734, and gave silver christening^ bowls to St-
Paul's and St. Nicholas's. On her tombstone
is this inscription : " She was a devoted mother
and the best of wives ; she brought into the worldi
more than 3,000 lives."
The first summer excursion was to Walton-on-the
Hill, conducted by Mr. Charles Wheeler, followed
by one to Great Berkhamsted, conducted by
Mr. Alfred Burch. An important ramble was tha't
to Lesnes Abbey, under the auspices of Mr. W. T.
Vincent, who is actively engaged in the excava-
tions being made there under the direction of
the Woolwich Antiquarian Society.
Another interesting trip was to Ickenham,,
when Mr. A. J. Pitman took charge of the party-
It seems hard to realize that this quiet, secluded
village is but sixteen miles from London. Thfr
registers in the church date back to the beginning
of the sixteenth century. Mr. Pitman made
reference to Roger Crab, one of the most re-
markable worthies connected with Ickenham,
who was " a devotee of the simple life long
before the phrase had been devised.
An entire day was devoted to Chi Chester, when
Mr. Henry W. Burrows and Mr. W. J. Burrows
acted as leaders. The Roman pottery in the
Museum was inspected, and Prebendary Codrjng-
ton welcomed the party to the Cathedral, and1
called attention to every point of interest. After-
wards a remnant of the city vail was traversed.
" and in the open undercroft of the Council
Chamber the inscribed Roman stone was seen
bearing the name of Pudens, who was mentioned
by St. Paul when writing to Timothy." As archi-
tects, Messrs. Burrows hoped by their paper
" to awake in the non -architectural members of
the Society an interest in the comparative study
of the grand examples of the architecture of the
Middle Ages. The planning, design, and orna-
mentation of these buildings is, in itself, a charming
study, and when the main facts are grasped, the
reward is indeed great. The buildings themselves
carry their own history ; each moulding and carving
is characteristic of its period, and carries, so to
speak, a mark which is as distinctive to the con-
nois eur as the hall mark to the jeweller, or the
pottery mark to the expert in fhina."
The visit to Windsor, when Mr George Thatcher
conducted, included ladies, and Canon Dalton
showed the party over St. George's Chapel.
Eltham Manor, under the leadership of Messrs.
Frederic and Herbert J. Weise, formed another
delightful ramble. Mr. Harold F. Murrell took
400
NOTES AND QUERIES. ni s. m. MAY 20, mi.
the members to Chelmsford and the churches
at Great Baddow, Sandon, and Danbury ; Mr.
"T. C. Thatcher gave the ramblers a pleasant
afternoon at Minims ; and a ramble to Bromley
was conducted by Mr. R. M. Bromley.
An introduction to each paper has been written
toy Mr. W. P. Harradence, and the ' Record ' is
•edited with his usual care by that old friend of the
ramblers, Mr. Theophilus Pitt. The illustrations
.add much to the charm of this delightful little
volume.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — MAY.
MB. BERTRAM DOBELL'S Catalogue 195 contains
the first edition of Allen's ' Killing noe Murder,'
small 4to, vellum, 1657, 1?. 12s. " This was
printed clandestinely and is excessively rare.
It is said to have struck such terror into the mind
•of Cromwell as to render the concluding part of
this life miserable." Under America are three
important items : ' The Historic of the West
Indies,' by Peter Martyr, translated by Eden, a
iine copy, calf, London, printed for Thomas
Adams, 1612, 181. ; Smith's ' Historic of Virginia,'
^ very good large copy, folio, russia by F. Bedford,
1624, 68?. ; and Bickham's ' British Monarchy,'
folio, original calf, 1749, 31. 10s. A large clean
copy of Higden's ' Policronicon,' translated by
Trevisa, 1495, folio, old calf, is 70Z. This is the
second edition ; it does not contain the leaf at the
.end with Caxton's device, but is otherwise perfect.
Mr. Dobell says that it seems doubtful whether
the book should have this device, as the Huth,
rSpencer, Ashburnham, British Museum, and
other copies all have the said leaf in facsimile.
^No copy having the leaf is recorded in Living-
ston's ' Auction Prices.' Under Wynkyn de
Worde are ' The Cronycles of Englonde ' and the
•* Pilgrimage of Perfection.' Among first editions
.-are ' Endymion,' in original boards, excessively
rare in such a fine condition, enclosed in blue
morocco case, 65Z. ; another copy, boards, uncut,
some leaves slightly foxed, 381. ; 'Elia,' also the
' Last Essays,' 2 vols., orange morocco, two
leaves hi vol. i. a little stained, 32?. ; ' Paradise
Lost,' inner margin of title mended, otherwise
very good copy, small 4to, morocco, 1669 (from
the library of*Dv. Gott), 33Z. ; also 'Paradise
Regain'd,' to which is added ' Samson Agonistes,'
a fine crisp copy, apparently on thicker paper
than usual, original calf, 1671, 301. ; Milton's
prose work ' The Liberty of Unlicenc'd Print-
ing,' 1644, a fine clean copy, slight stain on
title, 40Z. ; a rare collection of Pope, including
* The Universal Prayer,' 10Z. 10s. ; Byron's
'Hours of Idleness,' crimson morocco, by Riviere,
1807, 81. 8s. ; Browning's ' Bells and Pome-
granates,' the very rare No. V., 'A Blot in the
'Scutcheon,' sewn, cut copy, slightly soiled,
Moxon, 1843, 51. 10s. ; ' Pickwick,' original parts ;
Blackmore's novels ; and many others. There
are autograph letters of Dickens and others.
Under Bibliography is Scott's Catalogus Librorum,
the first issued by a London bookseller, 1687,
II. 12s.
Mr. Dobell includes a selection of books from
the library of the late Charles Butler, just dis-
persed at Sotheby's. We have space to note
only a fine copy of the first edition, with all the
edges uncut, of Milton's ' Eikonoklastes,' small
4to, vellum, 1649, 45Z. ; a fine large copy of
Jonson's ' Royall Masques,' small 4to, unbound,
excessively rare, n.d. (1608), 125Z. ; and a col-
lection of Poetical Broadsides and Tracts iemn.
Charles II., 52Z.
Mr. George P. Johnston's Edinburgh Catalogue
93 contains many items of Scottish interest. A
collection of the Black Acts, printed in black-letter,
1566-82, folio, old calf, is 167. ; Adamson's
' Muse's Welcome to Prince James,' 1618, folio,
calf, a fine copy, 4Z. 4s.; and first edition of
Buchanan's ' Rerum Scoticarum Historia,' 1582,
folio, original citron morocco, with the rare leaf
of errata, 31. 3s. (considered to be one of the most
beautiful examples of early Scottish printing). A
fine set of the publications of the -Bannatyne Club,
156 vols., 4to, 8vo, and folio, is 225Z. There is
also a set of the Maitland Club, besides works
under Highlands, Kirk of Scotland, Mary, Queen
of Scots, and Civil War Tracts. Other items are
Tucker's ' Revenues of Excise and Customs in
Scotland,' 1656, extremely rare, 21. 18s. ; ' Songs
of the North,' 11. 18s. ; and the first publication
of Scott, ' The Chase ' and ' William and Helen,'
two ballads translated from Burger, Edinburgh,
1807, 4to, 11. 15s. (the issue of 1796 with fresh
title-page). Two items bring past days back to us :
Mrs. Norton's ' The Undying One,' and 13 vols. of
novels by Miss Sydney Owenson, afterwards Lady
Morgan, whose memoirs were edited by Hepworth
Dixon.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
MR. JOHN RADCLTPFE. — Mr. W. Jackson Pigott
writes : —
" Mr. John Radcliffe of Furlane, Greenfield,
Yorkshire, died on the 8th inst. at his residence
Furlane. He was a contributor and subscriber
to ' N. &Q.,' and published, I believe, some works
on genealogical subjects, including notes on his
parish church of Saddeworth. He was well versed
in family history. I knew him and corresponded
with him for a number of years, and always found
him ready to assist in unravelling difficult genea-
logical researches. Up to the time of his death
he was engaged in compiling an exhaustive list
of the older orders of Knights of the Garter, &c.,
and was able to write to me about three weeks
ago in his usual clear calligraphy."
10
ON all communications must be written the name
and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub-
lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to " The Editor of ' Notes and Queries ' "—Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
FLORENCE (" Fanny Kemble "). — She died in
London, 15 January, 1893, and was buried at
Kensal Green. See notice in the Supplement to
the ' D.N.B.'
ii s. 111. MAY 27, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
401
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 37, 1011.
CONTENTS.-NO. 74.
NOTES :— The Museums of London, 401 — Bishopsgate
Street Without, 403 — Inscriptions in the Protestant
Cemetery, Florence. 404 — Rousseau and England —
U ttoxeter's First Book, 405 — Robert Ainsworth the
Lexicographer— Bee-Swarms— Old School Account— The
Milky Way, 406.
OUKRIES :— "Schicksal und eigene Schuld"— Sir T. Mak-
dougall Brisbane— Cromwellian Pulpits— Figures rising
from the Dead— J. Shipdem— D. G. Rossetti on Art-
Thomas Fletcher the Poet, 407— Weight of 1588— Cor-
ballis Family of Ireland— Col. Hewson the Regicide—
Junius and Bifrons — Glass and Porcelain manufactured
at Belfast, 408 -" Perth roat"— Rags left at Wells-
Father Quiroga and the Thirty Years' War— Authors
Wanted — Clergymen as Esquires — Gabriel Harvey's
Marginalia—" Porcelain"— J^hn Erick — Fifield D'Assigny
— D. Debat— Clarkson Stanfield, R.A., 409— East India
Company's Chaplains, 410.
REPLIES : —The Horsewhipping of the Duke of Bedford-
Historic Fires in Ancient Rome, 410— Boole-lead : Bole,
411— Rev. T. Delafield's Manuscripts— Francis Family —
Copes—' Britons, Strike Home ! ' — Shakespeare : Tallis
ACo.'s Edition, 412— The Collar of SS— ' Ralph Roister
Doister,' 413— Gladstone on the Upas Tree— "Put a
beggar on horseback " — " Welcome as the flowers in May "
— Battle of Barnet— " Clerk of the Papers," 414— Sir John
A runclel— Freeman: Beauchamp -Hanoverian Regiment,
415— 'Hamlet' in 1585— Boothby Quarterings — Sandy
Mackaye— Scottish Titles conferred by Cromwell, 416—
Swedish Mission to Abyssinia— Jenner of Widhill— ' The
British Critic '-Age of Graduation, 417— Woolsthorpe—
Chamney Family— Peter de Wint- Justus Sustermans—
'The Churches of Yorkshire,' 418.
NOTES ON BOOKS: — Dean Swift's Correspondence —
Skeat's ' Concise Etymological Dictionary '- ' Compara-
tive Studies in Nursery Rhymes' — 'Sir Matthew and
Lady Holworthy.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
THE MUSEUMS OF LONDON
ANTIQUITIES :
PROSPECTIVE, PRESENT, AND PAST.
The Morning Post of 23 March contained a
communication from the Trustees of the
projected London Museum, announcing that,
having received from a generous benefactor
a large sum of money for this purpose, they
had purchased as a nucleus the Hilton Price
collection of London antiquities, and desired
to acquire other objects of historic and local
interest. An appeal was also made for gifts
or loans. The same journal on 27 March
devoted a long and interesting article
to the project, based on an interview with
Mr. Guy Francis Laking, who has been
appointed Keeper and Secretary. From
this we learn that it is proposed to establish
the Museum in the first instance at Ken-
sington Palace, where the Jerningham
collection of prints and drawings is already
displayed. Sir Schomberg K. McDonnell
has surveyed the empty rooms on the first
floor adjoining those already open to the
public, so we may anticipate that here will
be at least the first home of the London
Museum, which should at no distant date
rival in interest its prototype, the Musee
Carnavalet at Paris.
There is good subject for discussion in
the suitability of its home. The Palace is
not without interest, but its memories are
of the Court, far removed from London
proper and its local history and memorials.
Moreover, its apartments are too lofty, and
the building is not conveniently situated.
The alternatives are numerous. Mr. Lloyd
Sanders, writing on 6 April, advocates the
adaptation of some of the fine houses in
Lincoln's Inn Fields. To ensure their
preservation this would be eminently desir-
able ; but they are small, and, unless used
as a mask to a specially erected building,
entirely unsuitable. A further suggestion
points to the " Old " Post Office building ;
but this cannot be meant seriously. The
Secretary — whose views are presumably
in accord with those of the Trustees — said :
" We hope eventually to have a separate
building, possibly in the city." This inten-
tion may simply be the expression of a
desire to be located in the historic centre,
or it may be for the purpose of coming
within the City to facilitate the absorption of
the Guildhall Museum and its useful collect-
tions.
The existing buildings that might be
utilized for this much-desired merging are
easily indicated : Brewers' Hall, Addle
Street, of fine appearance : Bridewell and
Trinity House, well situated and structurally
suitable ; and Staple Inn, in an excellent
position, picturesque, and with an interior
which might be adapted without much
sacrifice. The London Institution would be
my own choice. The position is admirable ;
there is sufficient room for expansion ;
and the cost should not be very heavy, as
the freehold was assigned in 1819 by the
City Lands Committee to the proprietors, in
consideration of its purpose, for the nominal
amount of 1,500Z. If the subscribers are
public-spirited, the whole sum required for
its acquisition, including the sadly neglected
library, should not be large. The style of
the building is not unsuitable, and its apart-
ments would require very little alteration.
A museum did not apparently form part
of the original scheme of the Institution,
but there is every probability that, until
provision was made elsewhere, it would
frequently have been proposed by the many
excellent antiquaries associated with it
402
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 27, 1911.
in its earlier clays. That most practical
and industrious sub-librarian William Upcott
would have been invaluable as a collector of
what were then things of little worth. His
was the suggestion that a library " of all
matters relating to this City, the borough of
Southwark, and county of Middlesex " should
be formed at the Guildhall ; and on the
motion of Richard Lambert Jones, the Court
of Common Council on 8 Aptil, 1824, referred
it to a Special Committee. Mr. Welch (' The
Guildhall Library and its Work') gives Jones
the credit due to Upcott for this excellent
proposal, and that evidently was the
attitude of the Common Council, with
disastrous results, as Upcott, having be-
queathed to them his collections of tokens,
medals, and some prints and drawings,
revoked these clauses on 22 July, 1834,
having already written : " This portion to
be reconsidered, William Upcott, in conse-
quence of their meanness towards me." I
question the knowledge and ability of Lam-
bert Jones on the evidence of some letters
before me ; and his disinterested public
spirit, on the evidence of an incident related
by Cureton (see Roach Smith's ' Retrospec-
tions,' i. 119).
The Guildhall Library soon began to form
a museum of London antiquities. Amphora?,
tiles, and coins from the site of St. Martin's
Collegiate Church (engraved on the second
plate of Kempe's ' Historical Notes,' &c.)
were presented by H. Cureton, a numismatist
of Aldersgate Street ; and W. L. Newman,
the City Solicitor, gave a piece of the
wooden pile from Canute's trench. By
1840 it possessed 40 articles, mostly relevant,
but some (such as "a piece of the Royal
George " and a " pair of nineteen - inch
globes") beyond the intention of its best
friends.
On 26 March, 1846, the Committee reported
that an ante-rocan had been fitted to receive
these and the first important accessions,
the antiquities found in excavating the site
of the new Royal Exchange in 1841. To
supplement the list at the end of the 1840
printed Library Catalogue,- they had pre-
pared and published in 1848 " a descriptive
catalogue " of these discoveries. Although
this is said to be by" William Tite, F.R.S.,
F.S.A.," Roach Smith claims (' Retro-
spections,' i. 129) that " Russell " was
responsible for their preservation and descrip-
tion, Richard Thomson providing the rest
of the book.
The subsequent development of the Guild-
hall Museum does not call for notice now.
To-day it is a useful collection, badly situ-
ated, not sufficiently restricted in purpose,
and too readily a refuge for objects of little
interest, simply because they are gifts.
I blame the Committee, not its staff, for
its faults.
As regards the library and collections
on London at Spring Gardens, although
they are public property, they are not, under
existing legulations, for public use. ri1 r
But if the Guildhall was the first public
Museum of London Antiquities, it was not
by more than a century the first collection
of objects of interest on its history. " Trades-
cant's Ark '' was essentially a'natural history
museum. Amongst the many marvels of
nature and specimens of the' ingenuity of
man were (p. 38 of ' Musseum Tradescan-
tianum,' 1665) " Two figures carved in
Stone by Hans Holbein." Possibly these
were from Whitehall, but there was nothing
else in this or the collections of James
Petiver and William " Charleton " (Courten)
to justify their inclusion in a list of Museums
of London Antiquities.
Almost contemporary was Joseph Conieis
or Conyers, an apothecary at " The White
Lion " in Fleet Street, " a great searcher
after antiquities " (Seymour's ' Survey of
London,' ii. 869), who discovered a skeleton
of an elephant at Battle Bridge, and built
thereon the tradition of a local battle between
Boadicea and Suetonius Paulinus. He is
said to have brought together most of the
Roman vessels and articles of every kind
which afterwards formed the extraordinary
museum of Dr. John Woodward (1665-1717).
Sloane MS. 958 contains an important record
by Coniers, dated 20 August, 1675, of the
excavations at the north-east corner of the
site of St. Paul's.
To Thomas Kemp belongs the glory of
being the first London antiquary to have
a printed catalogue of his collection. Its
title reads : —
" Monumenta Vetustatis Kempiana . . . . In
duas partes divisa : Quarum altera, Mumias,
Simulacra, Statuas, Signa, Lares, Inscriptiones
....cum aliis veterum Reliquiis. Cura R-
Ainsworth et J. Ward, London, 1720."
Of the three copies in the B.M., one-
belonged to Henry, Lord Colerane, and in
addition to interesting letters from the com-
pilers, it contains the following note by
Dr. Thos. Birch (1705-66), dated " Marrii 16,
1754" :—
" The greatest part of this collection of Mr.
Kemp had been made by Mr. John Gjiilhard, who
had been Governor to George, the first Lord
Carteret, created so 19 Oct., 1681, and [he] sold
them to his Ldp. for an annuity of 20QI. After
the death of the Lord, which happen 'd 22 Sept.,
ii s. in. MAY 27, MI.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
403
1695, Mr. Kemp bought a considerable part of
the collection during the minority of John, Lord
Carteret, now Earl of Granville. This remark
was made by Henry, Earl of Winchelsea, who saw
many of the things in the possession of Mr.
Gailhard at Anger in France in the year 1676, and
afterwards much increased at Paris in 1683. Mr.
Kemp's collection was sold by auction at the
Phoenix Tavern in Pall Mall on Thursday the
23rd [also on the] 24th, 25th, and 27th of March,
1721, in 293 articles, and the amount of the sale
was 1,0901. Ss. 6d."
I give this note at length as Beloe, Tite,
and even Mr. Goodwin in the ' D.N.B.'
(supra Kemp) are at fault in some of their
data, derived evidently from a less authentic
source. Kemp had two of the terra-cotta
lamps found on the site of St. Paul's by
Conyers and Bagford, and they passed into
Woodward's collection.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
(To be concluded.)
BISHOPSGATE STREET; WITHOUT.
(See ante, pp. 2, 142.)
ONE SWAN YARD, which stood between
what was, before the Great Eastern en-
croachments, Nos. 179 and 181, marked the
site of the old " One Swan Inn," a place of
call for carriers and wainmen. The Yard
was closed finally in 1890. It occupied
part cf the ground on the west side of Bishops-
gate Street Without.
" A Very handsome Iron-grey Mare, full
fourteen Hands three Inches high, comes six
Years old, walks, trots, and gallops well, -\yar-
ranted sound, and fit to carry ten Stone a Hunting.
"To be seen at any time at the One Swan
Yard without Bishopsgate." — Daily Advertiser,
10 April, 1742.
To be Sold,
At the One Swan without Bishopsgate,
A Pair of genteel Geldings, and a Mare, just
brought out of the North, and never in any
Dealer's Hands, all warranted sound. Enquire
as above for Old Hanover,
Daily Advertiser, 2 June, 1742.
A few doors from One Swan Yard, between
Nos. 186 and 187, was Two Swan Yard, the
site of which also has been absorbed by the
Great Eastern Hotel. The Yard had its
name from one of the extra-mural coaching
inns, " The Two Swans " : —
For Bath
A Coach and four Horses will set out on Sunday
.Morning next, from the Two Swans Yard without
Bishopsgate, by Eobert Ware. — Daily Adver-
tiser, 1 June, 1742.
Another coach-and-four for Bath is
announced to set out from the same yard
en Friday or Saturday, " Perform' d " by
John Long (ibid., 28 May).
Horse-stealing was especially prevalent
in the eighteenth century. Hardly a news-
sheet appeared, daily or otherwise, without
an advertisement for a horse " Lost " or
" Strayed." There was a way of locking
" upon the shank or pastern of the horse
a case-hardened and fileprpof iron ring,
lined with some soft material to prevent
chafing, and bearing the owner's name and
place of abode." But this plan, I believe,
surrendered to the ingenuity of the horse
" rustler " of the time. Really strayed
horses were seldom recovered. Those which
bore the marks of the irons they had worn
were, in American parlance, " hot stuff."
Especially was this the case when a collar
was fixed round the neck, which was soon
filed. The following is an announcement
typical of hundreds of others : —
" Stolen on Monday Night last, out of a Meadow
near Hertford, belonging to Mr. James Man, a
dark-brown mare, about fourteen Hands and a
half high, about twelve Years old, with a brown
Muzzle, a nich'd Tail, and a blemish in the off
Eye. Al-o a dark-brown Chesnut Gelding,
about fourteen Hands high, comes five Years old,
with a white Mane and Tail, has been lately
dock'd and nich'd, and has been fir'd on the off Leg
before. Whoever will bring them to Mr. Man, of
Hertford aforesaid, or to Mr. George Cramphorn.
at the two Swans without Bishopsgate, shall have
Two Guineas Reward, and Two Guineas more,
if they secure the Persons so as that they may be
brought to Justice." — Daily Advertiser, 26 Novem-
ber, 1741.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
Sir Humphrey Cahoon or Colquhoun. —
It is a little difficult to determine who was
the " Scotch gentleman " who, according
to The Weekly Journal of 25 August, 1722,
cut his throat with a penknife in " The
Katharine- Wheel Inn " a few days before
(see ante, p. 142). Sir Humphrey Colquhoun
of Luss died in 1718. At his death the
Nova Scctia baronetcy devolved upon his
son-in-law, James Grant of Pluscardine, who,
in terms of Sir Humphrey's settlement, and
the regrant of the baronetcy in 1704, assumed
the name of Sir James Colquhoun of Luss.
In 1719, however, upon the death of his
elder brother Brigadier Grant, he succeeded
to the family estates of Grant, whereupon —
still in terms of Sir Humphrey's settle-
ment— he relinquished the name of Col-
quhoun and the estates of Luss. The
baronetcy he could not relinquish, and it
is now held by his descendant, the Earl of
Seafield. His second son, Ludovick, took
the name and arms of Colquhoun in 1719 ;
and when he in turn succeeded to the estates
of Grant (in 1735), Luss fell to his brother
James, who called himself Sir James Col-
404
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. MAY 27, ion.
quhoun of Luss, though without any tea,
right to the title.
Who, then, can the Sir Humphrej
" Cahoon " of 1722 have been ? A clue
may perhaps be found in the fact that, afte:
Sir Humphrey's death in 1718, John Col
quhoun of Tully quhoun, or Tulliechewan
claimed the title as being heir male of Sir
John, the original patentee in 1625. As a
matter of fact, he and his descendants con
tinued to style themselves baronets until th<
death of the last heir male of the family in
1838, though there can be no doubt tha
the assumption was entirely unwarranted
I am not aware that any of this branch
of the family committed suicide, in th
manner described, in 1722, but it is possibl
that one of them did. It certainly was not
any of the Colquhouns of Luss, still less
any one entitled to call himself Sir Humphrey
Colquhoun. T. F. D.
INSCRIPTIONS IN THE NEW
PROTESTANT CEMETERY, FLORENCE
(See ante, p. 324.)
I NOW conclude my list of English inscrip-
tions in this cemetery : —
TO THE LEFT OF CENTRAL FOOTPATH.
SECOND ZONE.
68. A. E. Richards, d. 30 April, 1884.
69. Margaretta Ambler, d. 4 May, 1898.
70. Sophy Elliott Fraser, wid. of James
Harshaw Fraser, Q.C., of London, Ontario,
d. 22 June, 1906.
71. Margaret, 2nd dau. of Benj. Collett, Esq.,
J.P., of Grafton Manor, Wore., d. 10 May, 1908,
A. 71.
72. Janet Lambert (Jessie), w. of Fred. C.
Milford, d. 22 April, 1904, a. 51.
73. The Rev. J. Sidney Tyacke, Canon of
Truro and Vicar of Helstone, Corn., for 36 years,
d. a. 70 (no date).
74. Grace Wilson Wylde-Browne, w. of the
late R. W.-B., Lieut. R.N., Auckland, N. Zealand,
d. 8 May, 1909.
75. Henry Joseph Steege, husb. of Kylda
Richardson Steege, s. of the late Hannah Dally
and Louis Rich. Steege, b. in London, d. 20 April,
1905, a. 32.
76. William Hugh Bankes, of Winstanley,
England, b. 31 Jan., 1869, d. 18 March, 1905.
77. Lieut.-Col. Richard Stuart Alexander, 7th
Hariana Lancers, s. of the late Colonel Robert
Alexander, 20th Hussars, b. 8 Aug., 1859, d.
2 Mar., 1907.
78. Mary Rogers Williams, of Hartford, Conn. ;
Sept. 30, 1857. Sept. 17, 1907.
79. Barbara E. H. Lyon, w. of Judge John
Irwin Redick, of Omaha, U.S.A., d. 15 April, 1908.
80. Benj. Royal Cheney, b. at Emerald Grove,
Wisconsin, 18 July, 1869, d. 19 July, 1906.
81. Mary Wilkes, d. 19 Nov., 1906. Mary L.
Wilkes, d. 5 Mar., 1906. The wid. and dau. of
Rear-Admiral Chas. Wilkes, TJ.S.N.
LEFT SIDE, THIRD ZONE.
82. Emily Mary, w. of Edward Ehret Dyson,
b. 4 April, 1825, d. 6 July, 1903.
83. Annie D. Jackson, b. 24 Sept., 1829, d.
2 May, 1903.
84. Richard Sisley, M.D., M.R.C.P., London,
b. at Godalming, 14 Aug., 1856, d. 7 May, 1904.
85. Catherine Roberts, nee Svetchine, born
2 Mar./18 Feb., 1820, d. 20 Nov., 1905.
86. Lydia A. D. de Scheliautz(o ?), nee
Roberts, b. 12 June, 1851, d. 10 Feb., 1877. (In
French and English.)
87. Henry Roberts, Esq., F.S.A., of London, b.
16 April, 1803, d. 9 Mar., 1876.
88. Augustus Rose, b. 17 Aug., 1847, d. 5 Feb.,
1905.
89. Augusta Rose, d. 9 June, 1907.
90. Winifred Maud, eldest d. of the Hon.
Cospatric Thomas Dundas and Maud his w., b.
13 April, 1895, d. 23 May, 1909.
91. Sophia Turner, wid. of Comm. Egisto
Chiavacci, b. at Birmingham, 24 Aug., 1827, d.
of James Turner and Anna Pemberton; ob. 19 Aug. ,
1909. (In Italian.)
92. Rollo Munroe, d. 11 July, 1904. Erected
by his friend Charles Higgs.
93. Catherine Gordon Loch, w. of the late
General F. A. E. Loch, C.B., Bo: Staff Corps,
d. 11 Feb., 1905.
94. Robert Hawthorn, Colonel R.E., d. 18 Dec.,
1906, a. 74. His w. Amelia Enderbv, d. 3 Sept.,
1908, a. 65.
95. Selina Georgina, w. of Harold Scott Harger,
of Johannisburg, S.A., b. in Durban, 11 June, 1863,
d. 2 May, 1908.
96. Louisa Rowley Deare, of Blackford, S.
Devon, b. 9 May, 1836, d. 13 May, 1908.
97. Lionel Lowdham Brett, late Colonel, 2nd'
W.I. Regt., d. 22 Dec., 1903, a. 65.
98. James Maitland Shaw, of Aylton House,
Ledbury, d. 26 Dec., 1905.
99. Mary Macklin, d. 29 Mar., 1908.
100. Tom Bayly, d. 17 Oct., 1886, a. 20.
101. Georgina Jessie Presgrave, youngest d. of
the late Rev. William Presgrave, M.A., d. 18 Oct.,
1896.
102. Augusto Lester, s. of George and Albertina
Laurence, d. 10 Jan., 1883, a. 32. (In Italian.)
103. Henry Smith, d. 27 Oct., 1882, a. 81.
104. Mrs. Susan A. Joslyn, b. in Leicester,
Mass., 26 Sept., 1826, d. 26 Mar., 1882.
105. Elizabeth Shaw, d. 6 Aug., 1901, a. 51.
106. Beatrice Marion Wiugfield, d. 18 Jan.,
1895.
107. John Sims Riddle, b. 20 Nov., 1844, d.
22 July, 1906.
108. Emily Rogers Blackstone, b. in Pennsyl-
vania, 31 May, 1846, d. 5 Dec., 1908.
109. Eliza Henrietta E very-Clay ton, formerly
f Carr Hall, Lanes, d. 29 April, 1908, a. 68.
110. Agnes Lockyer, wid. of Milham Hartley,
f Larkfield, Chepstow, Mon., d. at Villa Sta.
'ristina, Careggi, Florence, 24 Nov., 1907, a. 80.
111. Marian Crawley, b. in England, d. at
Fiesole, 22 Feb., 1908.
112. Charles Edward'Holdgate, d. 24 Feb., 1908,
. 27.
113. Arthur Murray Cobb, b. in Boston, 4 Jan.,
871, d. 30 Jan., 1907.
114. Lucretia Ann, wid. of Robert Verity, of
South Woods, Thirsk, d. 14 May, 1885, a. 70.
ii s. in. MAY 27, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
405
115. Marcia Ouseley Roosevelt Scovel, b. in
X. York, 24 Oct., 1847, d. in Mentone, 25 Mar.,
1906.
116. Mary Himtington Childs, d. 7 Jan., 1910.
Thos. Huntington Childs, d. 5 Dec., 1907.
LEFT SIDE, FOURTH ZONE.
117. Mary, w. of Alfred Lambert, Esq., d. 20
Dec., 1879, a. 78. Her dau. Bianca Light, d.
10 May, 1892.
118. Francis Alexander, of Killingly, Connecti-
cut, d. 27 Mar., 1880, a. 80.
119. Henrietta Emma Meyrick, d. Good
Friday, 1894.
. 120. Catherine Bayard Malcolm, a. 88, d.
24 May, 1897.
121. Anna Magrini Osborne. (No date visible.)
122. Helen Warden Bonner, b. 21 June, 1830,
d. 17 Mar., 1903.
123. George Lawrence, M.B.C.S., b. 28 Jan.,
1868, d. at Siena, 11 July, 1895. •
124. Jane Sykes, w. of Alessandro Rimbotti,
nobile patrizio Fiorentino, b. in London, Sept.,
1845, d. June, 1896. (In Italian.)
125. Mary Isabella, 2nd dau. of William Egerton
and Marie Bracken, d. 15 Nov., 1888. Maud
Frances Georgina, their 3d daw., d. 24 Oct. (?).
126. Marie, w. of Wm. Egerton Bracken, d. of
Marcellin Desboutin, Baron de Rochefort, 6b. at
Bad-Nauheim, 16 Sept., 1900.
127. Wm. Egerton Bracken, d. 13 May, 1887,
n. . 37 •
128. Johanna Hiddingh Bonicoli, b. 5 Aug.,
1845, d. 28 June, 1887.
129. Jane, wid. of John Sykes, of London,
b. 21 April, 1814, d. 4 Mar., 1888.
130. Walter Gould, artist, b. in Philadelphia,
Pa., 10 July, 1820, d. 15 Dec., 1892, after 43 years'
residence. (A bas-relief portrait. )
131. Catherine Seaborne, of St. Leonard's-on-
Sea, d. 30 Mar., 1889, a. 69. Erected by her d.
Ellen Piecolomini-D'Orezza, in March, 1898.
132. Ellen Louisa, w. of Thomas Ball, Boston,
T.S.A., 11 Nov., 1832. Florence, 25 Jan., 1891.
133. Abigaille Mary Wheaton, wid. Little, of
Providence, Rhode Island, d. 4 May, 1893, a. 72.
134. Thomas Schofield, of Manchester, b.
8 June, 1825, d. 13 Mar., 1891.
135. Greet Persis the beloved. (Apparently
the whole inscription, but the tomb is ivy-
covered.)
136. Henry Ferguson Paget, 1824-1894.
137. Hugh McCulloch, b. 9 Mar., 1869, d. 27
Mar., 1902.
138. Mary, wid. of Robert Newman Lloyd, of
Denmark Hill, London, d. 16 June, 1905, a. 67.
139. Frances Isabel Orde, wid. of C. W. Orde,
Esq., of Nunnykirk, Morpeth, d. 4 April, 1900,
fl • I 1 •
140. Margaret, d. of the late Edward Taylor,
Esq., of Norwich, b. 20 Jan., 1823, d. 23 May, 1888.
141. The Rev. Charles Childers, M.A., Canon of
Gibraltar, b. 17 May, 1806, d. 15 Feb., 1896.
G. S. PARRY, Lieut.-Col.
17, Ashley Mansions, S.W.
[For other lists of inscriptions on Britons and
Americans dying abroad see the numerous entries
under ' Inscriptions ' in the General Index to the
Tenth Series ; also 11 S. i. 104, 165, 444, 502 ; ii.
342, 423, 483 ; Hi. 224.]
ROUSSEAU AND ENGLAND. — Lord Morley
of Blackburn, in the fifth chapter of his
•work on Rousseau, has a striking description
of the origin, development, and effect of
that publicist's essay of 1749 on the theme
" Has the restoration of the sciences con-
tributed to purify or to corrupt manners ? "
set by the Academy of Dijon for a prize
dissertation. Of this essay Grimm has
left it upon record that " it made a kind of
revolution " in Paris ; and the contemporary
English references, therefore, are well worth
collecting. Two such I append.
Read's Weekly Journal, or British- Gazetteer,
for Saturday, 19 January, 1751, published
the following : —
" From the Paris A-la-main, Jan. 22. A
Dissertation is published here, to which the
Academy at Dijon has adjudged the Prize on the
Question propounded, whether the Revival, or
Improvement of Arts and Sciences, has con-
tributed to purify or mend the Morals of Man-
kind ; The Author of the Dissertation answers
the Question in the Negative, and maintains his
Opinion with very strong Reasons, shewing
from History that Arts and Sciences have been
more prejudicial than useful to sound Morality.
This Piece, the Publication of which was at first
prohibited, has npw a great Run : But several
able Pens are preparing to confute it ; and so
we hope to be entertained with a fierce Squabble
about nothing, as much may be said on both
Sides of this Question."
In The Penny London Post ; or, The
Morning Advertiser, of the following 20-22
February — which incidentally gave the
erroneous item, " Private Letters from
France mention the death of the famous
M. Voltaire " — was the following
Epigram.
On the present Controversy in France, whether
Arts and Sciences have not done more
Mischief to Society than Good.
Down, down with Arts, the Gallic Casuist Cries ;
On Learning's Fall let first-born Ignorance rise ;
Let her dull Reign return among Mankind,
Immortal Science taints the human Mind :
From Man to Brute strait flies the studious Vein,
Hence learned French Dogs stead of learned Men.
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
UTTOXEIER'S FIRST BOOK. — The first
printer at Uttoxeter, according to Redfern's
' History ' of the town, was Robert Richards,
who was said to have begun printing there
about 1785 ; but the only dated production
named, with the exception of an advertise-
ment card, 1793, is an ' Invocation to
Peace ' by " Mr. Samuel Bentley of Uttoxe-
ter, March 30th, 1802." Mr. W. H. Allnutt
knew of none earlier. It is therefore worth
noting that an edition of Dodsley's ' Economy
of Human Life ' with the imprint, " Uttoxeter
406
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. HI. MAY 27, 1911.
Printed by R. Richards, 1800," now lies
before me.
Richards was a native of Coventry, served
his time as an apprentice on Aris's Gazette,
Birmingham, and was postmaster of
Uttoxeter from 1793 to his death in 1839,
as we learn from Simms's ' Bibliotheca
Staff ordiensis.' WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
Manchester.
ROBERT AINSWORTH THE LEXICOGRAPHER.
— The notice of this worthy in the ' Dic-
tionary of National Biography ' states that
he was born " at Woodyale, in the parish
of Eccles, four miles from Manchester, in
September, 1660," but gives no further par-
ticulars of his origin. " Woodyale " is an
error for Woodyate or Woodgate. The
Eccles parish register under date 17 August,
1660, thus records his baptism : " Robert,
son of Roger Ensworth of .Clifton " ; and
in a nineteenth- century hand is added :
" This was the learned Mr. Robt. Ainsworth,
author of the celebrated Latin Dictionary."
Of Roger Ainsworth the register gives
us some particulars, for he was married
during the existence of the excellent Common-
wealth system of registration of marriages.
From it we learn that
" Roger Aynsworth of Clifton in the parish of
Eccles collier son of John Aynsworth of Boulton
parish deceased and Ellen Warburton daughter
of William Warburton of Clifton deceased,"
were married at Manchester on 3 May,
1656, before Ri. Haworth. On 2 May, 1665,
the burial of " Roger Ensworth of Clifton,"
and on 29 November, 1667, that of " Widow
Ainsworth," are recorded. Assuming that
the latter was the widow of Roger Ains-
worth, it would appear that the lexicographer
lost both his parents early. Presumably
he was taken care of by paternal relations
at Bolton, with which town he was connected
until his removal to London.
ERNEST AXON.
Romiley.
BEE-SWARMS. — There are better methods
of keeping swarms of bees with, their owners
nowadays than was the case when all the
inhabitants of a village (except the men-
folk) would follow a swarm which had got
away in May or June. The rime about
bee-swarms as I knew it in Derbyshire was :
Swarm o' bees i' May
'S woth a load p' hay ;
Swarm o' bees i' June
'S woth a silver spune ;
Swarm o' bees i' July
'S not woth a fly.
There was a man in the village who was
dubbed " bee-swarmer," and when a swarm
went away he dropped his "last" as the
" call " sounded on bird-clapper and frying-
and warming-pans to follow the swarm,
and it was odd indeed if he failed to hive them
by brushing them gently with bare hands
and arms into the skep which he took with
him. He never knew what it was to be
" tanged " by a bee. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
OLD SCHOOL ACCOUNT. — The following,
copied from an old register book of Fleet
marriages (No. 79), where it is entered with
several more, may be interesting to many
readers of ' N. & Q.,' and worth putting on
record as a school accouut giving various
articles with their cost in the first half of the
eighteenth century : —
Mr. Collard Began the 3rd Quarter may ye 9th
1751.
To Mr. Collard.
To 2 Copy books . . . . 010
To pens, ink and pounce . .
To the shoecleaner . . . . 010
To mending thread and worsted 026
To breaking up and a peice 010
To powder and pomatum . . 010
To a Quarters Boarding . . 400
Recd £4 4s. Od. of this bill.
476
0 3 6
Mr. Collard left to pay
And his son Begun again which is
ye 4th Quarter.
August ye 10th 1731 at £16 P. ami
To a copy book . . 00
To a paire of gloves 0 0
To a pencil . . 00
Shoes
Cutting hair twice 0 0
Hat .... 06
Latin testament 0
To a Cato . .
Common prayer book
Here the account ends suddenly, but
for what reason does not appear. It may
have been transferred to another book.
A. J. J.
MILKY WAY : ITS VARIOUS NAMES.—
The following notes may be useful : —
" It is a national weakness [of the Roumanians]
to ascribe everything to Trajan, even the Milky
Way, which they call Trajan's Road, and thunder
Trajan's voice." — Mrs. Walker, ' Untrodden Paths
in Roumania,' 1888, p. 35.
" El Camino de Santiago. El Camino de
Jerusalem. Spilt milk of Juno." — Ford, ' Gather-
ings from Spain,' pp. 43, 44.
Her face is like the Mjrlky Way i' th' sky,
A meeting of gentle lights without a name.
Sir John Suckling, ' Tragedy of
Brennoralt,' ii. 113.
" Road of Whiter."— Mallet, ' Northern Anti-
quities,' p. 219.
us. m. MAY 27, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
407
" The common people used to call the Milky
Way the Walsingham Way." — Edward L. Cutts,
* Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages,' p. 178.
" Finns and Lithuanians call the Milky Way
the path of birds, i.e. of souls." — Grimm, ' Teut.
Myth.,' translation of Stallybrass, ii. 828.
" In Spain it was called the St. James's Way,
because inclining to the shrine of that apostle at
Compostella, and in the East it was known as the
Hadjis' road, from its pointing in the direction
of Mecca." — ' Our Lady of Walsingham,' byDom
H. Philibert Feasey, O.S.B., p. 18.
L. 8. M.
fljmrus.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" SCHICKSAL TJND EIGENJP SCHTJLD." A
letter from Thomas Carlyle to Miss Baillie
Welsh, dated 10 August, 1825, began thus :—
" My Dearest Little Ruth, — I owe you many
thanks for your kindness of heart, for your true
unflinching love of me, unworthy as I am ' by
destiny or by my own deserving' of such bounties."
In Carlyle's diary, 29 December, 1830,
is this entry : —
" One of the most worthless years I have spent for
a long time. * Durch eigene und anderer Schuld.' "
Writing from Craigenputtock to his
brother John, 18 November, 1833, he de-
scribed the son of a thriving citizen of Annan
as yellow, wrinkled, and forlorn : " Into such
corner had ' Schicksal und eigene Schuld '
hunted the ill-starred Waugh."
' The French Revolution,' 1837, has this
concerning Mirabeau : —
" Alas, is not the life of every such man already
a poetic Tragedy ; made up ' of Fate- and of one's
own Deservings,' of ' Schicksal und eigene Schuld' ;
full of the elements of Pity and Fear ? "
What is the source of this quotation so
often used by Carlyle ? THOMAS FLINT.
Brooklyn, N.Y.
SIB THOMAS MAKDOTJGALL BRISBANE. —
In the ' Reminiscences of General Sir
Thomas Makdougall Brisbane ' the com-
piler, in speaking of his ancestry, says
that Robert Brisbane, an ancestor of Sir
Thomas, married, 29 August, 1562, Janette,
daughter of James Stewart of Ardgowan
and Blackball by his wife Janette, the
daughter of George Maxwell of Newark.
" Through this alliance the subsequent
Brisbanes descend from Robert III., who
was great-grandson of Robert the Bruce."
I shall be greatly obliged to any reader who
can give me Janette Stewart's descent from
Robert the Bruce.
EDUABDO HAVILAXD HILLMAN.
Campo san Samuele 3227, Venice.
CROMWELLIAN PULPITS. — Are there any
Cromwellian pulpits in existence besides
that of Chaldon, Surrey ?
(Rev.) S. SLADEN.
FIGURES RISING FROM THE DEAD. — Are
there any figures on ancient tombs repre-
senting the attitude of rising from the dead,
besides those at Iver, Bucks, and Wim-
borne Minster ? (Rev.) S. SLADEN.
63, Ridgmount Gardens, W.C.
JAMES SHIPDEM, 1688. — In a Prayer Book
printed in 1684 appears the following in-
scription : —
Honoratissimus Dom
Dominus Gulielmus
Vicecomes Charlemont
Librum hunc pietatis
et amicitise indelebile
monumentum dono
mihi dedit mense Julie
et Anno Christi 1688.
James Shipdem.
I am anxious to trace who this James
Shipdem was, and where he came from.
Did he come over with William of Orange ?
In what way did he get connected with
William Caulfeild, 2nd Viscount Charle-
mont, the donor of the Prayer Book, who was
a zealous supporter of William of Orange
against James II. ? Does there exist a list
of the names of those who came over with
William of Orange ?
The name of Shipdem (or Shipden) occurs
in the registers of St. Leonard's, Deal, and
is also to be found as Shipdam or Shipden in
Blomefield's * History of Xorfolk,' vol. viii.
102 and x. 243. L. BAZELY.
Granville House, Granville Plabe,
Portman Square, W.
D. G. ROSSETTI ON ART. — Dante G.
Rossetti somewhere says that every work
of art should be amusing. Can any reader
give the reference and supply the right
words ? " M. L. S.
THOMAS FLETCHER THE POET. — Is any-
thing known of the descendants of the Rev.
Thomas Fletcher the poet, born 1666 ?
His sons are said to have been Thomas,
born 1705, Bishop of Dromore ; William,
born 1711, Dean of Kildare ; and the Rev. .
Philip Fletcher, born 1707. I am seeking
the parentage of a William Fletcher who was
of Lee Manor House, Romsey, between
408
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. ILL MAY 27, 1911.
1772 and 1815 ; his wife was named Susanna,
and he had two children baptized at Romsey
in 1773 and 1777. His son (apparently),
the Rev. Nathaniel Fletcher, was married
at Romsey in August, 1789, to a Mary
Collins. He appears to have resided at
Lee House, and was buried at Nursling on
29 December, 1852, aged 80 (or 88 : the
figures are almost illegible)
F. H. SUCKLING.
High wood, Romsey.
WEIGHT OF 1588. — Can any one give me
the explanation of a somewhat lengthy
marking on an old weight ? The marking is
XXVIII (this refers to the weight in pounds),
EL surmounted by a large crown, 1588 A°,
AR XXX. This is a marking which I have
seen on more than one weight. Thinking that
in that year a statute or proclamation
might have prescribed a fresh standardiza-
tion, I have searched for such a statute or
proclamation, but in vain. AVOIRDUPOIS.
COBBALLIS FAMILY OF IRELAND. — I am
anxious for information about the Irish
family of Corballis prior to 1784. From
that date I have a full record.
The name often occurs as that of houses,
villages, and crossroads, and of one or two
castles in Ireland, but in history there seems
little record of the family or its origin.
In the village of Ratoath, where we have
been since 1805, there is a tombstone to the
memory of Marguerite Balfe, nee Corballis,
daughter of Robert Corballis, gent., dated
1641.
There is a tradition among the people
that Robert Corballis defended the Castle of
Trim during the battle of the Boyne, and
on the capture of the place forfeited his life
and estates. Another tradition is that
Robert Corballis and Caddell of Harvestoun,
co. Meath, accompanied James II. in his
flight from the battlefield, and that they
halted at Harvestoun, 'where Robert Cor-
ballis left the King and went to hold Trim
Castle. But there does not seem to be
any record of this, nor are -any of the name
in James II. 's Army Lists.
The Corbally family are not, I believe,
the same stock. D' Alton's * History of
Ireland,' referring to Lord Netteville, says
that when this well-known peer and member
of the Catholic Confederacy was attainted
and lost his estates, he left Corballis, near
Dpnabate, with his two sons, James and
Richard, and a daughter. The descend-
ants of the latter seem to have eventually
been restored to the estate and title, while
James and Richard are names always pre-
served in the Corballis family. I shall be
glad to learn the early history of the family.
Please reply direct.
(Capt.) JAMES CORBALLIS.
Black Hall, Sallins, co. Kildare.
COL. JOHN HEWSON THE REGICIDE. — A
letter from Col. Hewson the regicide — un-
dated, but between 1650 and 1656 — begins
" Son Clarke." Who was this Clarke ?
He was employed at the time in Ireland.
Was he a son or a son-in-law ? With the
letter is a detached wrapper addressed m
Col. Hewson's handwriting to Ccl. Lawrence,
Governor of Dublin. If this is Col. Richard
Lawrence, it is difficult to see what con-
nexion the wrapper can have with the letter
C. H.
JUNIUS AND BIFRONS. — Why should the
letter signed " Bifrons," which appeared
in The Public Advertiser on 23 April, 1768,
be still regarded as the production of Junius ?
C. W. Dilke would not accept it ; and even
Mr. John Wade, the editor of Bohn's edition
of ' The Letters of Junius,' declared that
"unquestionably Bifrons is spurious." The
matter is important, as this letter contains
the famous reference to the burning of the
Jesuit books in Paris, and, starting from
this clue, many attempts have been made
to identify the writer. Thus Lecky in his
admirable summary of the problem of the
authorship of the letters said that if it could
be proved that Francis was in Paris in August,
1761, " this fact would go far towards
settling the controversy." Yet there seems
to be evidence to prove that Jesuit books
were burnt in Paris on more than one occasion,
and numbers of Englishmen may have wit-
nessed the ceremony. The annotated file
of The Public Advertiser in the possession
of the London Library may show what were
Dr. Good's reasons for believing that the
" Bifrons " letter was written by Junius.
It appears as though it were a highly scented
red-herring drawn across the trail.
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
[We cannot reopen the question of the authorship
of the Letters of Junius. 1
GLASS AND PORCELAIN MANUFACTURED
AT BELFAST. — I understand there was glass
of a very high order manufactured in Belfast
for a short time. Can readers of ' N. & Q-'
give me any particulars as to this ?
I also believe that there was some porce-
lain manufactured in Belfast, and should
like a reference for this also. ANTRIM.
ii s. m. MAY 27, ion.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
409
" PEBTHBOAT." — Can you tell me th<
meaning of " perthroat," used in disparage
ment of Anne Boleyn ? C. H. OKFEUK.
RAGS AND OLD CLOTHES LEFT AT WELLS
—Rags are frequently seen upon the bushes
around sacred wells in Ireland and Scotland
What origins of this custom have been sug
gested, and in what journals or books '
I have searched past Indexes of ' N. & Q.
to no purpose. These rags at wells can
scarcely all be offerings for recovery from
sores or boils ; there must, I think, be some
more general explanation.
J. HABBIS STONE.
FATHEB QTJIBOGA AND THE THIBTY YEABS
WAB. — Can any of your readers tell me
where I can get details about Father
Quiroga, who was in 1631 an influential
adviser of the Court of Vienna ?
I should like also to know the name of
any volume in English or .German giving an
account of the Thirty Years' War with
more details than are found in Dr. S. R.
Gardiner's little handbook.
J. WILLCOCK.
Lerwick.
AUTHOBS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Can any one tell me who wrote the following,
and the time and place where it was first
made public ?
The only throb it gives
Is when some heart indignant breaks
To tell that still it lives.
It is quoted in a newspaper of 1856,
but no reference is given. F. T. F.
1. Industria res parvse crescunt, socordia magnse
comminuuntur.
2. Like violets, sweetest in decay.
3. After snow the snowdrop,
After death comes life.
G. H. J.
From which of E. B. Browning's poems
are these lines taken ?
Guess now who holds thee.
Death, I said ; but then
The silver answer rang,
Not Death, but Love.
IKONA.
The following lines are said to allude to
Pantheism in Nature. Who wrote them ?
Warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze,
Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees ;
Lives through all life, extends through all extent,
Spreads undivided, operates unspent.
M. L. R. BBESLAB.
Percy House, South Hackney.
CLERGYMEN AS ESQUIBES. — I should be
glad to know how far it was common in
the seventeenth century for clergymen to
be described as " Esq." or " Gent." instead
of " clerk," and what was implied by such
description. G. C. MOOBE SMITH.
GABBIEL HABVEY'S MABGINALIA. — I
should be glad to hear of books containing
marginalia by Gabriel Harvey other than
those in the British Museum, the Bodleian,
and the Saffron Walden Museum.
G. C. MOOBE SMITH.
Sheffield University.
COWPEB'S ' CHABITY ' : " POBCELAIN." —
To what does " porcelain " refer in the follow-
ing lines ? —
No charity but alms aught values she,
Except in porcelain on her mantel- tree.
Cowper's 'Charity,' 459.
J.M.
Garrick Club.
JOHN EBICK. — The Manor of Truthwall
in Cornwall was granted in fee simple about
1590 to John Erick by the Crown, to which
it fell through the execution of the Duke of
Suffolk in 1554. I should be glad to know
where Erick hailed from, and if anything is
known of his family. J. H. R.
FIFIELD D' ASSIGNY was admitted to West-
minster School in June, 1724. I should be
glad to learn any particulars concerning
him. G. F. R. B.
DANIEL DEB AT, son of Daniel Debat of
Paddington, graduated M.A. at Cambridge
from Queens' College in 1749. Particulars
of his career and the date of his death are
required. G. F. R. B.
CLABKSON STANFIELD, R.A. — I am seek-
ing information about the early seafaring
of this artist. No detailed biography of
him appears to have been published.
Scattered notices have it that he entered
the merchant service when he was 15,
and after several voyages was pressed into
:.he Navy ; that about 1813 he was in H.M.S.
N'amur, then post-guardship at the Nore ;
;hat he left the Navy in consequence of
njury occasioned by a fall ; that sub-
sequently he went to sea again in an East
[ndiaman, and had risen to be second mate
of her when he gave up sailoring in 1818.
I should like to amplify these bald state-
ments if possible. Could any one put me
n communication with any of Stanfield's
descendants with a view of ascertaining if
additional records exist ? W. SENIOB.
Royal Societies Club, St. James's Street, S.W.
410
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAY 27, 1911.
EAST INDIA COMPANY'S CHAPLAINS. — I
shall be greatly obliged if any of your
readers can give me information about the
following chaplains on the Madras Estab-
lishment:—
1. James Traill, appointed 1815, resigned
1822.
2. Joseph Wright, appointed 1821, retired
1837.
3. William Chester, appointed 1833, died
in India 1836.
Traill was not a graduate; but as he was
one of Simeon' s nominees, he must have been
(I think) a Cambridge man. There were two
Joseph Wrights in 1821 who were graduates
and clergymen. I wish to know which
of them was the Madras chaplain. One
graduated from Emmanuel, and the other
from St. John's, Cambridge. Chester was
not (I think) a graduate.
Perhaps some of your leaders may be able
to put me in communication with living
members of these families.
Please reply direct.
(Rev.) FRANK PENNY.
3, Park Hill, Baling, W.
JUNTOS AND THE HORSEWHIPPING
OF THE DUKE OF BEDFORD.
(11 S. iii. 227, 292, 375.)
MR. P. H. WILLIAMS throws some new light
on this curious tradition concerning my
great-great-grandfather. He says that the
Duke " went to Lichfield Races when his son
was lying dead in his house." He further
says that the Duchess of Bedford left a
quantity of silver to the man who had horse-
whipped her husband, " in recognition of
his conduct." Both these statements invite
examination .
I. The Duke's son — Lord Tavistock —
died on Sunday, 22 March, 1767, having
fractured his skull by a fall from his horse
on the 9th of the same montn. He died at
his own house — Houghton House, near
Ampthill. At the time of Lord Tavistock's
death the Duke was ill in bed at Bedford
House, Bloomsbury. I take these facts
from original correspondence of the date,
which lies before me as I write. One natu-
rally inquires whether there were races at
Lichfield in the week beginning 22 March,
1767 ; and, if there were, whether it is pro-
bable that the Duke got up from his sick-
bed in London, and journeyed down into
Staffordshire to attend them while his son
was lying dead. From the 9th of March,
when the fatal accident occurred, there is
a blank in the Duke's journal till the 10th
of April. He may, indeed, have been horse-
racing during the interval ; but is it likely ?
2. Gertrude, Duchess of Bedford, widow
of the Duke whose doings \ve are investigat-
ing, died 1 July, 1794. No doubt her will
could easily be traced. It would be inter-
esting to know whether the plate left to the
horsewhipper, and the reason for leaving it,
are mentioned. The Duchess- was a proud,
imperious woman and a political intriguer :
but I know no reason to suppose that she
would have been gratified by the horse-
whipping of her husband.
GEORGE W. E. RUSSELL.
MR. PRYCE HOMFRAY WILLIAMS' s version
of the circumstances which brought about
the assault committed on John, 4th Duke of
Bedford, at Lichfield Races, lacks any
authority except " family tradition," a
treacherous guide in nine cases out of ten,
as readers of ' N. & Q.' need not be reminded.
MR. WILLIAMS will find few likely to be
" convinced " by his story, for whilst this
attack on, the Duke took place in 1748,
the offenders being convicted at Stafford
Assizes in August that year (as MR. BLEACK-
LEY pointed out, ante, p. 292), it was
not till nineteen years later that Francis,
Marquis of Tavistock, perished in con-
sequence of a fall while out hunting. The
Duke's grief at his son's death " was for a
time so violent that his life was believed to
be in danger" ('D.N.B.,' vol. xlix. p. 450),
and Horace Walpole's published correspond-
ence attests the same fact.
In these circumstances, and until MR.
WILLIAMS can produce more trustworthy
authority than his " family traditions,"
his further allegation that Duchess Gertrude
bequeathed a quantity of plate to her
husband's assailant can hardly be con-
sidered credible.
Gertrude, Duchess of Bedford, died 1 July,
1794 (' D.N.B.'). I have a catalogue of
jewels, late her property, sold at Christie's
after her decease, and some of her plate may
possibly have *been sold also. H.
HISTORIC FIRES IN ANCIENT ROME (US.
iii. 209).— Prof. Hiilsen's date of 283 A.D.
is most assuredly not due to any confusion
with the fire of 238, described by Herodian
and the ' Histpria Augusta.' The evidence
for the later disaster is partly documentary,
n s. in. MAT 27, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
411
partly archaeological. Prof. Lanciani writes
in ' The Ruins and Excavations of Ancient
Rome,' 1897, pp. 240-41 :—
" We have no definite account of the fire of 283
under Carinus. Judging from the works of repair
which it necessitated, it must have raged from the
foot of the Capitoline to the top of the Sacra via,
from the vicus Jugarius to the Temple of Venus
and Rome."
And again, ' The Destruction of Ancient
Rome,' 1901, p 22:—
" We have no detailed account of the conflagra-
tion in the reign of Carinus, 283 A.D., but to iudge
from the repairs made by Diocletian and Maxentius,
affecting the Basilica Julia, the Senate - house,
the Forum Julium, and the Temple of Venus and
Rome, it must have swept from one end of the
Sacra Via to the other."
The written evidence, however, such as it is,
supplies more details than Lanciani might
lead one to suppose. The Augustan History,
it is true, mentions a fire without implying
that the devastation was widespread ;
but the ' Chronographus anni 354 ' in a
Viennese fifteenth-century MS. has the
following in a brief memorandum of the
reign of Carinus and Numerianus : —
" His imper. fames magna fuit et operse publicse
arserunt : senatum, forum Csesaris, patrimonium
[Mommsen rejected the last word], basilicam
luliam, et Gr«eoostadium."
See K. L. von Urlichs, ' Codex Urbis Romee
Topographicus,' pp. 191-2. Mommsen' s
edition of the chronicler is in ' Mon. Germ.
Auct. Antiq.,' vol. ix. Henze's notice of
Carinus (=Aurelius No. 75) in the new
edition of Pauly's ' Real-Encyclopadie der
Class. Altertumswissenschaft ' does not
refer to any other authorities for the fire.
Even though confined to the Forum Roma-
num and immediate vicinity, it seems to have
been destructive enough. A fire that gutted
the Mansion House, the Royal Exchange,
and the Bank of England would be a pretty
thing in conflagrations. On pp. 218-21 of
' Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Dis-
coveries,' chap, viii., ' The Police and Fire
Department of Ancient Rome,' Lanciani
has some interesting remarks on the subject
of fires. EDWARD BENSLY.
Univ. Coll., Aberystwyth.
BOOLE-LEAD : BOLE : BULL (11 S. iii.
326).— In the ' N.E.D.' there are three words
spelt boll, four spelt bole, two spelt bowl, and
six spelt bull. The two here discussed are
bole (4) and bull (1), with a reference to bull
(2) thrown in.
The advice given in the book on ' Old
Country Inns ' is the worst possible. The
author advises us to confuse le bole (mas-
culine), which is the common English bull
(the quadruped) done into Norman spelling,
with la bole (feminine), which is an inferior
spelling of the O.F. (and F.) boule, from the
Latin bulla. In other words, he suggests
that the way to catch a hare is to pursue
two hares at once. I doubt if boole-lead has
anything whatever to do with either of the
bulls. Certainly not with the quadruped ;
and although boole for F. bouU, a sphere,
round ball, and the like (modern E. bowl, 2),
seems as if it might help us, yet all the evi-
dence points in the direction of bowl (1),
which the suggestions here made suppress.
It is a pity that no date is assigned to the
new piece of evidence from Derbyshire, as
it is helpful : we learn from it that lead was
burnt " at a boole-hill at Hardwicke," and
that there were bole-works on the commons."
So the phrase clearly belongs to the old
Derbyshire lead-mining, for which see the
* Derbyshire Lead-mining Terms ' published
by the E.D.S. in ' Reprinted Glossaries,'
1874. The "definition of 1670" about
bolestids is duly quoted in the ' N.E.D.,'
s.v. bole (4).
I think that bole has the same sense as
bole-stid, which meant " bowl-stead," i.e.,
a place in the shape of a bowl or basin, with a
depression in which the lead could be suc-
cessfully burnt. This is the conclusion
already suggested in the ' E.D.D.,' s.v. bole
(3), which is defined to mean " a place,
usually a round cavity on the summit of a
hill, where lead was smelted before the in-
troduction of smelting mills." Next follow
the definitions of bole-Mils and bole-stids,
in the secondary sense of " heaps of metallic
scoria,, which are the remains of the ancient
method of smelting lead in the open air."
Bole had also the sense of " lime-kiln "
in 1724, obviously borrowed from the older
use noted above. Last comes the suggestion
which I heartily endorse, " probably a
special meaning of the literary E. bowl ;
see bole (2)," the latter being derived from
A.-S. bolla, and therefore representing the
literary English bowl, in the sense of " basin,"
and not the literary E. bowl, in the sense of a
ball to play a game with.
With regard to the boole-weight, which is
here stated to be 22£ cwt., it may be remarked
that the modern f other is usually somewhat
less, viz., 19| cwt. I suppose this weight to
be that whereby the bole-lead was usually
measured. If so, there is no special reference
to the standard " dish," also called a boule,
i.e., a bowl, by which lead ore was sold,
This dish, being only 28 inches long, 4 deep,
and 6 wide, would not hold much. It was
412
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. MAY 27, 1911.
provided in order that no miner should sell
his ore without having previously had it
measured by the barmaster's dish and paid
the king's duties. The original " brazen
dish," taken as the standard, was dated
1513. WALTER W. SKEAT.
James Mander in his ' Derbyshire Miners'
Glossary ' (Bakewell, 1824, 8vo), gives the
following under the word boles, from which
it would seem possible that the word may
have meant bowl rather than bulla : —
" Boles were places where the miners smelted or
run their ore before the invention of mills and
furnaces. A bole was a round cavity made on the
top of a high hill that had a westerly exposure, and
filled with ore and wood, which, being kindled,
was blown by the wind ; and they generally lighted
them when the west wind blew, which the miners
preferred for its constancy."
The "definition of 1670" alluded to is
apparently that quoted in the ' N.E.D.'
The second quotation given in the ' Dic-
tionary ' is not mentioned in Miss E. LEGA-
WEEKES'S note, but runs as follows, and it
seems to be opposed to the bulla idea : —
"1785, ArchcKologia, VII. 170 (D). There was a
bole where in ancient times miners used to
smelt their lead ores."
Mander' s definition would incline one to
the belief that the bole was a bowl-shaped
cavity for smelting. JOHN HODGKIN.
[MR. HOLDEX MAC MICHAEL also thanked for
reply-1
REV. THOMAS DELAFIELD'S MANUSCRIPTS
(11 S. iii. 347). — The manuscripts on sale
by Hayes of Manchester were on Suffragan
Bishops, Stoichologia, Greek and Latin
Writers on Immortality, Use of Beads in
Worship, Account of the Regicides who
signed the Death -Warrant of Charles I.,
on Medicine, on Earthquakes, and Copy
of a Letter from Arthur Bedford to the
Bishop of Salisbury on Spirit - raising,
2 August, 1703.
There is a notice of Thomas Delafield in
Ellis' s ' Account of Great Milton,' 1819.
W. C. B.
FRANCIS FAMILY (US. iii. 348).— ' Notes
on the Surname of Francis,' in all its forms,
were printed at Boston, U.S.A., by A. D.
Weld French, in 1893. The same gentleman
in 1896 privately printed in a volume of
594 pages extracts from English county
records, collections relative to persons with
the names of Francus, Franceis, and French,
from A.D. 1100 to 1350. They are arranged
under the headings of the various counties,
but without any classification.
W. D. MACRAY.
DRAWING THE ORGAN : COPES (11 S. iii.
349). — It seems clear enough that the
parish owned certain copes, the use of
which had been discontinued, and that they
sold them to Richard Vyvyan, who was to
pay for them by instalments, as stated.
There was not the same prejudice against
copes as there was against chasubles and
other Mass vestments, perhaps not much
more than there was against surplices.
Even Peter Smart, the Puritan Prebendary
of Durham, did not press any objection to
what he regarded as " decent " copes.
J. T. F.
Durham.
'BRITONS, STRIKE HOME!' (11 S. iii.
367.)—
Britons, strike home, revenge your country's
wrongs !
Fight, and record yourselves in Druids' songs !
These words are from 'Bonduca; or, The
British Heroine, a Tragedy acted at the
Theatre Royal, by His Majesty's Servants.
With a new entertainment of musick,
vocal and instrumental.' The libretto, pub-
lished in 1696, notifies the fact that it was
founded on Fletcher's play by George
Powell. The music for the performance
was the composition of Henry Purcell, who
died soon after he had finished it in 1695.
The score contains some of the best music
he ever wrote. The above lines were sung
as a solo by the Chief Druid, and repeated
in chorus by the British soldiers.
WILLIAM H. CUMMINGS.
SHAKESPEARE : TALLIS & Co.'s EDITION
(11 S. iii. 367).— Shortly before 1850 J. O.
Halliwell decided to publish a purely
American edition of our national poet —
perhaps through the agency of Tallis & Co.,
as they became possessed in some way of
his editorial matter. They appear to have
broken faith with Halliwell, and used his
notes for an English edition, published in
1850 in 3 vols. 4to, one volume of which
(Comedies) your correspondent describes.
This edition was edited anonymously by
Henry Tyrrell, and the use of Halliwell's
name and matter was entirely unsanctioned.
(For fuller account see my ' Shakespeare
Bibliography,' pp. 527-8, *530, and 531.)
Notwithstanding Halliwell's protest, Messrs.
Tallis repeated the offence in a second
impression, in 52 serial parts, 1850-53
(forming 4 vols. 4to), and in a third undated
impression (1853), also forming 4 vols. 4to,
which bore the imprint of the London
Printing and Publishing Company.
I
us. in. MAY 27, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
413
The first volume (Comedies) of Halliwell's
projected American edition appeared at
New York in 1854, but further issue was
abandoned on account of Tallis & Co.'s
action. The pirated edition described will
not bear comparison in any way with Halli-
well's privately subscribed Shakespeare in
16 vols. folio. How many copies Tallis &
Co. printed it is not now easy to determine,
but their issues undoubtedly commanded
a large sale, to judere by the number of sets
met with in antiquarian bookshops.
WILLIAM JAGGARD.
Stratford-on-Avon.
THE COLLAR OF SS : THE FORGET-ME-
NOT (ll^S. iii. 361).— The wardrobe of
' N. & Q.' has given more shelf -room to the
Collars of SS than to any other article of
dress. The press marks are : —
1 S. ii. 89, 110, 140, 171, 194, 248, 280,
329, 362, 393, 475; iii. 42; iv. 147, 230,
236, 345, 456 ; v. 16, 38, 8J, 182, 207, 255 ;
vi. 182, 352 ; vii. 297, 584 ; viii. 398 ;
x. 357.
2 S. xi. 438 ; xii. 35.
3 S. viii. 414, 485 ; ix. 23, 206, 335, 532 ;
x. 350, 424.
4 S. ii. 485 ; ix. 527 ; x. 93, 280.
6 S. ii. 225; iii. 86, 231.
9 S. vi. 149.
10 S. xi. 310, 418; xii. 348, 418.
The following explanations have been
suggested : Soverayne, Simplicius, Soissons,
Salisbury, Souvenez, Senescallus, S-shaped
lever or link, Sanctus, Silentium, S. Sepulcre,
Simon, SS fermes, Soupir, Souci.
W. C. B.
At the coronation of the Castilian kings
the newly crowned monarch was presented
to the populace with the cry of " Ese es,
ese es " (" This is he "), and several Spanish
nobles (Cardenas, &c.) have SS upon their
escutcheon, the pronunciation of which
letters resembles that of the exclamation.
What is more likely than that John of
Gaunt, titular King of Castile and Leon,
adopted this rebus ? ALFRED RODWAY.
MR. Cox in the course of his interesting
paper refers to Henry IV.'s " fancy for the
forget-me-not (fleur de soveigne}" It is to
be noted that, whatever plant was known
as fteur de soveigne in the fourteenth century,
it was not what we call forget-me-not
(Myosotis). That was popularly known in
England as " mouse-ear " (a translation of
"Myosotis"), from the form of the leaves,
or " scorpion-grass," from a fancied resem-
blance in the curling raceme of unopened
flowers to the body of a scorpion. Mr.
Prior has explained that " forget-me-not "
has only been applied to Myosotis since the
middle of the nineteenth century, when it
was transferred from the bugle (Ajuga),
which had borne that name in Britain,
France, and the Netherlands for more than
200 years (' Popular Names of British
Plants,' pp. 83-5). He further shows that
Fuchs in his ' Historia Plantarum ' (Basle,
1542) gives the name " Vergiss-nit-mein "
to the cut-leaved germander (Teucrium
botrys), of which he provided an excellent
figure at p. 870 of that work. All British
botanists, however, from the middle of the
fifteenth century down to Gray in 1841
apply the name " forget-me-not " to the
bugle, after which the poem about a drowned
lover appeared, and caused it to be appro-
priated for ever by Myosotis.
Mr. Prior gives good reason for believing
that the true fleur de soveigne was the
common speedwell (Veronica chamcedrys),
which was known to Danish herbalists in
the sixteenth century as " Forglemm-mig-
icke." The German popular name for this
little herb — " Ehrenpreis," prize of honour —
is consistent with Mr. Prior's suggestion
that it was the flower woven into the collars
of knights. HERBERT MAXWELL.
' RALPH ROISTER BOLSTER ' (11 S. iii. 367).
— Nicholas Udall died in December, 1556,
and was buried in St. Margaret's, West-
minster.
Prof. Charles Mills Gayley of California
in his * Representative English Comedies '
(Macmillan, 1903), pp. 103-94, favours the
old theory which ascribes the writing of this
play to the years between 1534 and 1541,
the Eton period of Udall' s life. The unique
printed copy in the possession of Eton
College is dated by Arber " ? 1566 " ; but
there was probably an earlier edition of
" 1552 ? "
The prayer on behalf of the Queen (V. vi.
47-59) must have been added by the un-
known hand who prepared the play for the
press under Elizabeth.
In * The Cambridge History of English
Literature,' vol. v. p. 105, however, Mr.
F. S. Boas says : —
"The inference is that the play had been per-
formed for the first time between 1552 and 1554,
probably by the Westminster boys. That it is in
any case later than 1546, and therefore cannot have
been written when Udall was head master of Eton,
is suggested by his frequent use of phrases which
appear in John Heywood's ' Proverbs,' published in
the above year."
A. R. BAYLEY.
414
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAY 27, mi.
GLADSTONE ON THE UPAS TREE (11 S.
iii. 367). — I doubt whether Gladstone ever
used the actual words "upas tree"; but
in addressing the electors of South -West
Lancashire on 23 October, 1868, he spoke
of the Protestant ascendancy in Ireland as
" a tall tree of noxious growth, lifting its
head to heaven and darkening and poisoning
the land, so far as its shadow can extend."
A. A. B.
Mr. Gladstone's reference to the upas
tree in connexion with the Irish Church is
contained in his speech delivered at Wigan
on 23 October, 1868. See the quotation,
with similar references by other statesmen,
in Yule-Burnell, ' Hobson-Jobson,' 2nd ed.,
p. 959. W. CROOKE.
[MR. T. BAYNE, MR. J. PATCHING, and L. A. W.
also thanked for replies.]
" PUT A BEGGAR ON HORSEBACK AND HE
WILL RIDE TO THE DEVIL" (11 S. iii. 269,
334). — As MR. COLLINGWOOD LEE has com-
pared Claudian, "in Eutropium," i. 181,
quoted in King's ' Classical and Foreign
Quotations,' it may be worth adding that
a large number of parallels to this (Latin,
German, Dutch, French) are collected by
W. H. D. Suringar on pp. 142, 558, 559 of
his edition of Heinrich Bebel's ' Proverbia
Germanica,' Leyden, Brill, 1879, under
No. 537, " Nihil superbius pauperi, dum
surgit in altum." Suringar's book is very
useful. EDWARD BENSLY.
"WELCOME AS THE FLOWERS TN MAY"
(11 S. iii. 367).— In 'Rob Roy,' chap, viii.,
Mr. Inglewood, J.P., greets Diana Vernon
with " Art welcome, girl, as flowers in May,"
using the phrase as a proverb. A. A. B.
" As welcome as the flowers in May "
occurs in James Howell's * Proverbs,' 1659;
also in Charles Macklin's (1690-1797) ' Love
a la Mode,' I. i., " You are as welcome as
the flowers in May." TOM JONES.
[MR. R. L. MORETON also thanked for reply.]
BATTLE OF BARNET : ITS SITE (US. iii.
208). — As King Edward IV. was marching
from London, and Warwick towards it on
the high north road, it would seem to follow
that the two armies faced each other north
and south. There is, however, a good deal
of confusion in the accounts of the battle.
A turning or flanking movement, such as
seems to have taken place in the course of
the struggle, may easily have placed the
foes facing east and west. Stow says that
there was a chapel, which marked the field
of battle, standing in his time. Lysons
('Environs of London') gives it as his
opinion that the battle was fought not on
Barnet Heath, but rather to the south-east
about East Barnet. Tradition, however, is
strongly opposed to this opinion, and Lysons
adduces no evidence in its support. A foot-
note in a new edition of Knight's ' History
of England ' thus sums up the matter : —
"Probably the conflict took place on the elevated
plateau to the north of the town of Barnet. The
modern stone column at the end of the common,
where the high road forks, probably marks the site
with sufficient accuracy."
It is also to be remembered that King
Edward slept at Barnet the night before
the battle. SUTOCS.
The Rev. George Hennessy, who was
22 years resident here, after careful research
and examination of the sites was very
decidedly of opinion that the battle of
Barnet was fought in the parish of Friern
Barnet, not far from the parish church. He
is now Rector of Monk Okehampton, Wink-
leigh, N. Devon. H. BEAZANT.
Rouudway, Friern Barnet.
" CLERK OF THE PAPERS " (11 S. iii. 368).
— The State Paper Office was established
by Queen Elizabeth in 1578, and Dr. Thomas
Wilson was appointed " Clerk of the Papers,"
Many important treaties, letters, and other
State papers had been purloined previously,
and it was decided to collect the remainder
at one place, and have them carefully kept
in an orderly manner. At first the State
Paper Office was in rooms adjoining the
Banqueting House at Whitehall, but on the
occasion of the fire in 1618 the contents were
hastily thrown into blankets and removed,
finding a refuge in two rooms and three
turrets in the old tower at Whitehall. The
accommodation was so inconvenient and
inadequate that ultimately in 1706, under
the superintendence of Sir Christopher
Wren, the upper floor of the Lord Chamber-
lain's lodgings in the Cockpit (now part of
the Treasury buildings) was fitted up as
a State Paper Office.
In 1833 a new State Paper Office was
erected in Duke Street, Westminster, a
thoroughfare afterwards absorbed by Dela-
hay Street, which is itself now covered by
the Local Government Board and Education
Department new buildings. The State
Paper Office stood at the end of the street,
where a flight of steps led into St. James's
Park (Peter Cunningham).
The first occupant of the office was styled
" Clerk of the Papers." In 1612 Thomas
ii s. m. MAY 27, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
415
Wilson is described as " Clerk, Keeper, and
Registrar of His Majesty's Papers and Records
for Matters of State " ; and subsequent
holders of the post were described as
" Keepers." The last Keeper, the Right
Hon. Henry Hobhouse, died in 1854, and
the State Papers were transferred from
Duke Street to the Recoid Office, and placed
under the Master of the Rolls.
Kingsmill, mentioned in the MS. namec
in the query, was not " Clerk of the Papers '
in 1693, or at any time. From 1661 to
1702 the office was held by Joseph William
son. But various subordinate clerks were
employed in the Office, and the entry may
refer to one of these. See a Calendar of
Documents relating to the History of the
State Paper Office, which is an appendix
to the Thirtieth Report of the Deputy
Keeper of the Public Records.
R. S. PENGELLY.
[R. B. also thanked for* reply.]
SIB JOHN ARUNDEL OF CLERKENWELL
(11 S. iii. 367).— Can he have been the Sir
John Arundell of Lanherne who died in
1589 — or, according to the Isleworth Register
(Oliver's Collections), in 1591 — at Isleworth ?
He was converted to Catholicism, according
to Dodd's ' Church History,' by the Jesuit
John Cornelius, a native of Bodmin ; and, in
defence of Father Cornelius, lost his own
liberty, and was confined for nine years in
Ely Palace, Holborn (see Morris's ' Troubles
of our Catholic Forefathers,' 1875 ; Simp-
son's ' Edmund Campion,' 1867 ; and
Challoner's ' Memoirs of Missionary Priests,'
1803). The ' Acts ' of the martyr Cornelius
(1557-94) were written by Sir John's
daughter Dorothy Arundell (who became a
nun at Brussels), and are among the archives
of the Jesuits at Rome. A grandson of Sir
John was Thomas, first Lord Arundell of
Wardour (1560-1639). A. R. BAYLEY.
FREEMAN: BEAUCHAMP (11 S. iii. 169,
238).— A. cousin of mine of the Beauchamp
family in America informs me that there is
a good deal about John Beauchamp,
merchant of London, in the Massachusetts
Society's Historical Collections. The Mus-
congus Patent was granted to himand Thomas
Leverett, of Boston, England, 13 March,
29, and was signed by Robert, Earl of
Warwick, his kinsman. The Earl of War-
wick at this time was the second Robert
Rich, who succeeded to the title in 1619,
and died in 1658 (Doyle, « Baronage,' 1886).
In what way was John Beauchamp related
to him ? He was a son of Thomas Beau-
champ of Cosgrave, Northants (St. George,
' The Visitation of London in 1633, 1634,
and 1635,' Harleian Society, 1880). Is the
parentage of this Thomas Beauchamp known,
or from what branch of the Beauchamp
family he descended ?
Is John Beauchamp, the London merchant,
to be identified with " John Beauchamp
of Cosgrave, co. Northton, gent., widr.,
abt. 70," who in 1685 was to be married to
" Sarah Norris of Fry an Barnett, Midd.,
widow, abt. 55 " (Harleian Society Pub-
lications, XXX. 216) ? The name Beau-
champ does not appear in the ' London
Directory ' of 1677 ; so he may have retired
from business and removed to his father's
home. But in this case he must have been
very young on his first marriage to have
six children by 1634, the date of the Visita-
tion ; or his age was understated at his
second marriage. Is the date of his death
known ? and where can any further in-
formation about him and his family be
obtained ? FREDK. A. EDWARDS.
39, Agate Road, Hammersmith, W.
HANOVERIAN REGIMENT (11 S. iii. 327,
378). -- The regiment about which SIB
JAMES MURRAY inquires on behalf of his
foreign friend will most likely be one of
those formerly in British pay. According
to ' A History of the British Army,' by the
Hon. J. W. Fortescue, on 23 March, 1756,
Hanoverians and Hessians were imported
to defend this island (vol. ii. p. 290). On
the accession of George III. the English
Army consisted of 200,000 men, including
the forces of Hanover, Hesse, and Brunswick
in British pay, 60,000 men (ibid., p. 520).
In 1803 the officers and men of the Hano-
verian Army, which had been broken up by
bhe capitulation of that year, drifted over
:o England, where
" in rage and shame they entreated George III. to
reform them and take them into his service ; and
n December, 1803, was begun the levy of a King's
jrerman Regiment, which was very soon expanded
nto that of a King's German Legion. The force
grew apace. In January, 1805. it already included
me regiment of dragoons, another of hussars, two
mttalions of light and four of heavy infantry, with
two batteries of horse artillery and three of field
artillery."— (See Fortescue, vol. v. p. 279, &c.)
I recently came across a German account
of Queen Victoria's Hanoverian soldiers in
Die deutsche FremdenJegion in England,'
an octavo pamphlet of 84 pp., published at
^eipzig in 1855. A copy is in the British
Museum, bound up in a volume of ' Tracts
relating to Military Affairs, 1839-70.' From
his it appears that a certain M. de Stutter-
leim, an ex-officer of the Brunswick Army,
416
NOTES AND QUEEIES. [ii s. HI. MAY 27, MIL
undertook to raise 10,000 men, including
officers, at the rate of 107. per head. The
men enlisted had to take an oath of fidelity
to the Queen, and to engage to serve for
the whole war. and a year longer. At the
expiration of their period of service the non-
commissioned officers and soldiers were to
receive a year's pay and to be conveyed either
to their own country or Canada, where land
was to be ceded to them. The Duke of
Cambridge was appointed by Lord Panmure
to the command in chief of this Foreign
Legion : —
" His Royal Highness haying resided for several
years in Hanover, where his father the late Duke
was the representative of William IV., the Germans
consider him as one of themselves ; and being well
acquainted with their habits and dispositions, and
speaking German fluently, his nomination to the
high post is hailed with satisfaction by the whole
Legion, whom he accompanies to the Crimea."
In August, 1855, her Royal Highness the
Princess Mary of Cambridge (her late R.H.
the Duchess of Teck, mother of our present
Queen) presented the colours to Col. Wool-
dridge's brigade of the Legion in the park of
Mr. Raikes Currie, who gave a magnificent
entertainment to the officers, whilst the
gentlemen of Kent, as a testimony of their
appreciation of the good conduct of the men
whilst at Shorncliffe, provided " the good
cheer of old England," roast beef and plum-
pudding, for all the soldiers present before
their embarkation at Dover for the Crimea.
It appears the 10,000 men were to be divided
into two brigades, each consisting of four
regiments of infantry and two of light
cavalry, the regiments not being divided
into battalions, but consisting of ten com-
panies of 100 men, each with a captain, a
lieutenant, and an ensign. Their dress was
similar to that of the Brunswick troops, and
they were armed with the Minie rifle.
G. YARROW BALDOCK, Major.
'HAMLET' IN 1585 (11 S. iii. 267, 311,
398). — See the biographical account oJ
Kyd in Prof. Boas's edition of that drama-
tist's works ; also a very suggestive little
book, ' The Genesis of Hamlet,' by Charlton
M. Lewis of Yale University (New York
Henry Holt & Co., 1907). N. W. HILL.
129, West 13th Street, New York.
t
BOOTHS Y FAMILY QUARTERTNGS (US. iii
269).— The REV. W. G. D. FLETCHER wil
find that the quarterings he inquires aboui
were the arms of " Hanap " and " Raincurt.'
As to the first, Ermine, on a chief gules
3 bucks' heads caboshed or, will be found
I believe, on the brass of Sir Thomas Brok
n Thorncombe Church, Devon, for his wife j
oan, younger daughter and coheir of Simon
lanham, widow of Robert Cheddar of
Bristol ; but she had at least a son by both I
msbands who left issue. It is therefore
ather doubtful whether the Brokes wrere I
mtitled to this quartering as well as the
Cheddars. The Hanhams (probably named |
rom Hanham in Gloucestershire) had lands j
n Cheddar before this match.
The arms of Reincurt, Gules, a fesse !
dancette between 6 garbs or, must have been \
a very early coat, for Robert Foliot had the j
>arony of Wardon, in right of Margaret de j
Reincurt his wife, before 1166 at least. She
was surviving in 1203, and must have been all i
)ut a centenarian as the granddaughter of i
kVido de " Reinbudcurt " of Domesday j
3ook, 1086, and niece of " Ingelrannus,"
ven then the tenant of his father's lands in ji
.incolnshire. A. S. ELLIS.
Westminster.
SANDY MACKAYE IN * ALTON LOCKE *
11 S. iii. 209).— Sandy or Saunders Mac- i
iaye is something of a unique creation, and
can hardly be paralleled in the pages of any i
other writer. Perhaps Dominie Sampson :
in ' Guy Mannering,' a Scot, a lover of books, |
and a very learned man, comes nearest, but
represents, at the same time, a totally dif- !
ferent cast of character. Mrs. Ward's David
Grieve, bookseller, learned man, and lover
of books, may also be named. SUTOCS.
SCOTTISH TITLES CONFERRED BY OLIVER
CROMWELL (11 S. iii. 88, 193, 374).— Sir ;
Archibald Johnston of Warristoun was un- i
doubtedly one of the persons nominated by
Cromwell for his "other House" or House
of Lords. Its members did not assume '<
territorial titles in consequence of their
elevation, but were known as Lord White-
locke, Lord Lenthall, Lord Barkstead, asi
life peers are in the present day. The onlyi
two hereditary peerages of Cromwell's reign]
that I can trace were Col. Charles Howard,
created 20 July, 1657, Baron of Gillesland
and Viscount Howard of Morpeth, and
Edmund Dunch (a connexion of Cromwell'*))
created 6 April, 1658, Baron Burnel of
East Wittenham in Berkshire. Both these >
I think, were created by patent.
I have been for some time collecting!
material on this and kindred subjects oij
Oliver's Protectorate, with a view to pub-i
lication, and should be grateful for aitfj
information your correspondents would b<
pleased to give me. BURGHCLE
48, Charles Street, Berkeley Square, W.
.1U. '^v
ii s. m. MAY 27, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
417
Archibald Johnston, Lord of Warriston,
near Edinburgh, was made a Lord of Session
13 November, 1641, when he took, as was
then usual, the courtesy style of Lord Warris-
ton from his estate. He sat, as did above 60
other persons, in Cromwell's " Upper House,"
but did not thereby (as stated on p. 193)
"receive the title of Lord Warriston,"
which in no way can be considered to be
a peerage title. G. E. C.
MB. PIEBPOINT'S difficulty admits of an
easy solution. Johnstone was made a
Senator of the College of Justice or Lord of
Session in November, 1641, and as such bore
the courtesy title (which does not indicate
a peerage) of Lord Warristoun, as is the case
with Lords of Session to the present day,
e.g., Lord Guthrie, Lord Kingsburgh, Lord
Salvesen, &c. ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
[MK. D. MURRAY also thanked for reply.]
SWEDISH MISSION TO ABYSSINIA ( 1 1 S. iii.
288). — Perhaps MB. EDWABDS may find the
information he seeks in the ' Encyclopaedia
of Missions,' edited by Dr. Bliss, and pub-
lished in New York in 2 vols. In the
' Missionary Year-Book,' issued by the
Religious Tract Society, it is stated that the
Swedish Evangelical National Society began
mission work in East Africa in Kunama in
1866, but was driven out in 1869. Stations
at Mensa, Eilet, and Massawa were then
started, but had all been abandoned previous
to 1889. In the latter year four Swedish
mission stations were being carried on with
encouraging success : M'Kullo (began 1879),
Arkiko (1886), a station in the neighbourhood
of Massawa, and another, Djimma, in the
Galla country (1883).
A few references to the Swedish mission
are contained in Smith's ' Short History of
Christian Missions,' but no names of mission-
aries are mentioned. TOE REA.
JENNEB OF WIDHILL, WILTS (11 S. iii.
188). — Although unable to answer COL.
FYNMOBE'S query, I can furnish him with
some information concerning Robert Jenner
which may be of interest.
Citizen and goldsmith (as COL. FYNMOBE
remarks), he was of the parish of St. John
Zachary, in the churchwardens' accounts
whereof his signature is extant under the
•dates of 1616 and 1621, he being (apparently)
•deputy chairman of the vestry at the time.
By his will, dated 5 December, 1651, he
bequeathed an annuity of 51. per annum to
the poor of the parish, payable by the Gold-
-i tilths' Company, and charged upon a large
house in Foster Lane The bequest—
which was the subject of a decision in the
' Court of Fire Decrees " in 1672, by which
ts value suffered temporary reduction —
was directed by the testator to take the
form of a weekly (Sunday) distribution of
a couple of dozen penny wheaten loaves
to persons attending service at the church.
I may add that mention of Robert Jenner
will be made in my * Records of Two City
Parishes ' now preparing for the press.
WILLIAM MCMUBBAY,
St. Anne and St. Agnes, Gresham Street, E.G.
RICHABD ROLLE'S TBICK OF CONSCIENCE ':
'THE BBITISH CBITIO ' (US. iii. 227, 277,
377). — The information conveyed by MB.
ALBEBT MATTHEWS' s last two sentences is
incorrect. The article on 'Earliest English
Poetry ' occupies pp. 1 to 26 in vol. xxxi.
(consisting of the parts for January and
April, 1842) of The British Critic, and
Quarterly Review, then edited by the Rev.
Thomas Mozley, D.D., who describes some
of his amusing official experiences in his
' Reminiscences, chiefly of Oriel College
and the Oxford Movement,' issued in 1882.
Concurrently with The British Critic there
appeared in 1842 an entirely distinct
periodical, vol. xxi. of which (consisting of the
parts for January to June) is entitled The
British Magazine, and Monthly Register of
Religious and Ecclesiastical Information,
Parochial History, and Documents respecting
the State of the Poor, Progress of Education, &c.
Both periodicals enjoyed a long term of
popularity. Commenced in May, 1793,
The British Critic continued to appear, but
with some variations of title, until the end
of 1852, " a grand total of 109 volumes."
The British Magazine began its career on
1 March, 1832, and ended it on 1 December,
1849, having thus completed 36 volumes.
CHABLES HIGHAM.
DELAFIELD : AGE OF GBADUATION
(11 S. iii. 327). — I am at present away from
my books, but I imagine that information
on this point is to be found in Monroe's
' Textbook of Education,' Mr. Browning's
' Educational Theories,' and the various
educational manuals representing the latest
work on the subject.
The age of entrance, and hence the age of
graduation, varied widely in the fourteenth,
fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries. Many
instances of early graduation may be noted,
but parallels to these might be cited from
modern times, e.g., the case of John Keble,
who, I believe, obtained a Double First at
the age of eighteen. The question is still
further complicated by the fact that both
418
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. MAY 27, wn.
graduates and undergraduates frequently
went abroad, either travelling or staying
at some foreign University. Chaucer's
" Clerk of Oxenford " had his story
Lerned at Padowe of a worthy clerk.
In twelfth-century Paris there was a re-
cognized "set" of such students.
The best educational writers of the six-
teenth and seventeenth centuries probably
on the whole advocate a later entrance than
usual. Brinsley advises that seventeen
years should be the earliest age for admission.
John Paston at nineteen was, we know, still
at Eton ; while from a mid-fourteenth-
century work we have the following : —
Quod resoun, in age of xx yeer
Goo to Oxenford.
E. M. Fox.
WOOLSTHORPE : ITS DERIVATION ( 1 1 S. iii.
368). — I can contribute a small item to the
solution of this question. It is that in the
* Inquisitiones post Mortem,' vol. i. p. 167,
" Belver and Woolsthorpe " are mentioned
together in 1301. This makes it probable
that this is the place named " Ulfstanetorp "
in Domesday Book. It is likely that the
other place was named from it.
I wholly dissent from Canon Streat-
feild's reference of this name to Danish
origin. He has mistaken the peculiarity
of the Norman spelling, which frequently
substitutes Ulf for the A.-S. Wolf. The W
is preserved to this day, which shows that the
name is not Norse, but English ; and the
reference to the " wolf " is extremely remote,
viz., that English names frequently began
with Wolf, without any mythological
reference whatever. The whole of the argu-
ment is very little to the purpose, "and would
hardly now find any general acceptance.
The name evidently means " Wolfstan's
thorp " ; and I see nothing peculiarly
" Danish " (as it is the fashion to say) about
the word thorp, which is Friesic, Gothic, and
good English as well as Scandinavian.
Wolf stan is one of the commonest of purely
English names ; forty-eight of them are
on record, from A.D. 869 onwards.
WALTER W. SKEAT.
In Mr. C. Gowan Smith's ' Translation
of that Portion of Domesday Book which
relates to Lincolnshire,' &c., Vlestanetorp
and Westorp are alike rendered Wools-
thorpe. I think Vlestanetorp probably
refers to Woolsthorpe-by-Belvoir, because
it occurs when the scribe is setting down the
list of the lands owned by Robert de Todeni,
who was the builder of Belvoir Castle. Wes-
torp rnay signify the hamlet made famous
by the birth of Newton. It was owned
by Walter de Aincourt, and Domesday
records : " The whole of the ecclesiastical
customs and tithes. . . .they say belong
to the church of Grantham, as claimed by
Bishop Osmund " (p. 254). Of Wools-
thorpe near Colsterworth, Turnor, author
of the ' History of Grantham,' wrote : "In
ancient writings Wullesthorp, South Wells-
thorpe " ; and he seemed to be feeling for
an etymology when he added that it was
" in a beautiful little valley, in which are
copious wells of pure spring water " (p. 157).
One of the sources of the Witham is in this-
parish. ST. SWITHIN.
CHAMNEY OR CHOLMONDELEY FAMILY
(11 S. iii. 3, 295). — MR. ARCHER in his note
on p. 3 quotes the expression " the con-
traction of illiterate flunkeys " as applied
to the pronunciation of " Chumley or
Chulmley." In a will of Richard, 'l521r
his brother Roger is written Cholmley, while
Richard is Chomley of Chomley. Surely
there can be little of the " illiterate flunkey's "
pronunciation in the difference between
Chumley and Chomley.
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
PETER *DE WINT (11 S. iii. 368).— Mr,
Payne of Pawsey & Payne, art dealers,
1, Bury Street, King Street, S.W., could
probably either lend or procure a copy of
the catalogue of the exhibition at Vokins's.
Mr. Payne was for a long period with the
now extinct firm of Vokins. I have the
catalogue of Peter de Wint's works sold at
Christie's in May, 1850. The five days' sale
of 493 lots realized only 2,364?. Is. 6d.
W. ROBERTS.
PORTRAIT IN PITTI GALLERY : JUSTUS
SUSTERMANS (US. hi. 267, 314). — For two
examples of portraits by this powerful
artist I would refer MR. J. B. WAINE WRIGHT
to the portraits belonging to Col. G. L.
Holford, of a man and of a lady, exhibited
in the exhibition of Old Masters at Burlington
House in 1908 ; and I would direct his
attention especially to the fine portrait of
the man. W. H. QUARRELL.
* THE CHURCHES OF YORKSHIRE ' (11 S.
iii. 366). — When this was issued in parts in
1855, a statement was made at the end of
' Patrington ' and ' Skirlaugh ' (at least) that
those were written by the Rev. G. A. Poole.
He was assisted in this and in other works
by Mr. John West Hugall, architect, of
Pontefract, W. C. B.
us. m. MAY 27. MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
419
0n
The Correspondence of Jonathan Sioift, D.D.
Edited by F. Elrington Ball. With an Intro-
duction by the Very Rev. J. H. Bernard.
Vol. I. (Bell & Sons.)
THE fine scholar who was to have edited these
volumes, Mr. Litton Falkiner, died within a year
of taking up the task, and his friend Mr. Elrington
Ball hi publishing this first instalment pays a
tribute to his qualities. No one else could have
carried on the work better than Mr. Ball, and the
edition is sure to take a permanent place as a
piece of careful and thorough work on which
no zeal has been spared. The most trustworthy
versions have been followed, and the text has been
so far modernized as to be easily read. This
seems to us a sensible proceeding,- and far pre-
ferable to the pedantry which preserves even
obvious misprints and miswritings as if thev had
something sacred about them.
Further, from several sources, as Dean Ber-
nard's Introduction explains, there is " a wealth
of fresh material " which putsi this edition far
ahead of its predecessors. Letters to, as well as
from, Swift, e.g., correspondence between him and
Archbishop King now first printed in full — clear
up points that were obscure, and the abundant
and learned annotation puts the reader hi the way
to understand Swift, as far as that great and dark
man can be understood, and to follow him through
the vicissitudes of his career, which began for
writing purposes with elaborate and generally
lifeless verse.
Dean Bernard deals once again with Swift's
relations to Stella and Vanessa, but the new
scraps of evidence and inference seem to us to
come to very little. He gives a judicious sum-
mary of the contents, of the letters, and says in
defence of Swift all that can be urged, admitting
that sometimes his behaviour was beyond
excuse.
Swift, he adds, knew himself early as a master
of prose ; consequently he wrote in a studied
rather than a careless style ; but he cannot, we
think, be numbered among the really great letter-
writers. He did not love his fellow man enough
for that, though he appears at his best in his
correspondence with that kindly friend Dr. John
Arbuthnot. At his worst he is coarse and scurri-
lous almost to the extent of mania. His raillery
seems rather heavy as a rule, and is nowhere equal
to the ' Journal to Stella.' Literary allusions
are not so numerous as might be expected, though
Swift loves his tag of Latin. Questions of money
and preferment are prominent, and there is,
of course, abundant comment on the politics
of the day. Swift's style differs when he addresses
different correspondents ; but this is so constant
a feature hi the letters of any man of talent that
it can hardly be regarded as remarkable.
There are some illustrations, all to the point,
and the general get-up of the volume is excellent.
It should be added to many libraries, for it will
supersede all other editions as the standard
collection. We congratulate Mr. Ball, if we, too,
may use a Latin tag in this present age, on justi-
r' .g Virgil's maxim, " Primo avulso, non deficit
r."
A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English
Language. By the Rev. Walter W. Skeat.
New and Corrected Impression. (Oxford,
Clarendon Press.)
i THIS admirable work is of a convenient size, and
I will occupy no more space in the shelf than the
j average single volume of poetical works. It is
the concentrated essence of years of study and
research in the English language, and we need
say no more, since Prof. Skeat's reputation is
worldwide, except that he is continually revising
1 and improving this and his larger Dictionary
with a zeal which is, perhaps, more Teutonic than
English.
Every one who is fond of reading, and, we may
add, of writing, ought to add to his pleasure by-
keeping this little work at least, if he cannot
afford the bigger Dictionary, for constant con-
sultation. The ordinary man remains hopelessly
ignorant of the elements of English philology,
and the average journalist is not much better,
repeating false notions long since disproved
through mere laziness or reliance on the facetious
and rejoicing ignorance of careless predecessors.
We hope for a higher standard of English in
days when a book like this can be had for five
shillings.
Comparative Studies in Nursery Rhymes. By
Lina Eckenstein. (Duckworth & Co.)
THIS reissue appears in " The Readers' Library,"
an excellent series of copyright volumes, and
is well worth its place. The contents of the book
cover a much wider range than the nursery rimes
of the title, including such themes as ' The Game
of " Sally Waters," ' ' Custom Rhymes,' ' Cumu-
lative Pieces,' ' Sa.crificial Hunting,' and * Bird
Sacrifice.'
The whole subject is one of special interest
to ourselves, and the references to ' N. & Q/
might easily be increased. The author,
however, gives enough attention to sources to
stimulate further inquiry, and her collection
should be very suggestive in that way. Thus
the game of ' Sally Waters ' may hold a far-off
reminiscence of Sul, the goddess of the waters of
Bath.
At the end is a ' List of Foreign Collections. '
in which it is somewhat odd to find ' N. & Q.'
included. If there is another edition, the author
should add a list of native works worth con-
sulting, such as Dr. Tylor's great book on ' Primi-
tive Culture.'
MR. ALBERT MATTHEWS has sent us an interest
ing pamphlet on Sir Mattheio and Lady Hoi-
worthy, reprinted from the publications of The
Colonial Society of Massachusetts. This paper
came out of a correspondence in ' N. & 'Q.,' and
is a pleasant evidence of the ties which bring:
scholars together.
Sir Matthew was a benefactor of Harvard
College, giving 1,OOOZ. by his will in 1677, and
there are reproductions here of attractive por-
traits of him and his wife by Lely, now preserved
at Harvard. Incidentally we read of lotteries ,.
allowed as being for the benefit of Harvard ; an
English pirate who did good business on the coasts
of Ireland and the West of England ; and two
neighbours of Pepys. The whole account is a
good specimen of the careful erudition of Mr.
Matthews, which adds so much of value to our
columns.
420
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. MAY 27, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES.— MAY.
MESSRS. WILLIAM GEORGE'S SONS of Bristol
devote Part 325 of their Library Supply Lists
to the Discovery, Exploration, History,
and
Description of Life, Travel, War, and Sport in
Asia, Africa, America, and Australia. There are
nearly nine hundred items, and most modern
writers and travellers are represented. We
meet with W. F. Ainsworth and the Euphrates
expedition, Beke's 'Abyssinia,' Belcher's Voyages,
Brackenbury's 'Ashanti War,' Dalzel's ' Dahomey,'
Dupuis's * Ashantee,' * Eastern Persia, Boundary
Commission,' with finely coloured plates, Harcus's
' South Australia,' Catlin's ' North America,'
Schuyler's ' Turkistan,' &c.
Messrs. Myers & Co.'s Catalogue 168 is devoted
to Finely Engraved and Rare Portraits, of which
there are nearly five hundred. We note Abernethy ,
Beckford, Rosa Bonheur, Brunei, George Canning
(a fine proof mezzotint), Byron (a brilliant lettered
proof), and Charles II. (a very fine impression,
" Sold by Alexander Browne at the blew
balcony in Little Queen Street," 1L Is. ) . There are
portraits after Gainsborough and Reynolds. Other
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Oliver Goldsmith, and George Herbert, besides one
of Madame Middleton, a lady of great beauty who
attracted the particular notice of Grammont, a
choice and rare mezzotint by Tompson, 7?. 7s.
Theatrical portraits include John Mills, Michael
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Messrs. William Smith & Son of Reading
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(cost 22?.). Repton's ' Landscape Gardening,
with the 16 coloured plates, oblong folio, new
half-calf, 1794, is 11. 7s. ; and Wedmore's * Turner
and Ruskin,' Edition de Luxe, hand-made Barter.
2 vols., folio, as new, 1900, 61. 6s. (published at
15?. 15s.). There are works under Antiquarian
and Topographical. A set of Beaumont and
Fletcher, 10 vols., contemporary calf, 1750, is
21. 2s. There are some chapbooks, and works
on criminology and prison life. Many works will
be found under Napoleon and the French Revo-
lution. Shakespeare items include Boydoll's
edition, 9 vols., folio, 1802, 51. 5s.
Messrs. Henry Young & Sons of Liverpool
send Catalogue CCCCXXI. Under Armour is a
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morocco, 1824, 10?. 10s. There are a number
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There are many works under Beautiful Wood
Engravings. The first edition of Vecellio's
well-known work on costume, crimson levant,
1590, is 10Z. 10s. There are some choice Cruik-
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tory,' further illustrated by 162 coats of arms,
russia by Riviere, folio, 1793-1806, 27?. The
items under Dickens include the scarce ' Sketches
by Boz,' 1839, 5?. ; and first editions of ' Bleak
House,' ' Little Dorrit,' and others. Under
Early Printing is John of Salisbury's ' Poly-
craticus,' in choice state, circa 1472-6, small folio,
brown levant by Leighton, 16?. Under Early
Woodcuts is Ludolphus de Saxonia, ' Le Grant
Vita Christi,' translated from the Latin into French
by Lemenand, beautifully printed in Gothic
type, and illustrated with full-page woodcuts,
4 parts in 2 vols., folio, full bound in brown
morocco super-extra, a tall copy, Paris, circa
1500, 52?. 10s. This work is so rare that no
copy is in the British Museum or in the Spencer
Library, nor is this edition mentioned by Hain.
The first edition of Fletcher's ' Purple Island,' a
fine copy, dark-blue morocco, 1633, is 10?. 10s.
Izaak Walton quotes this work, it will be re-
membered, in his ' Angler.' There are entries
under French Literature and German Literature.
Under Hakluyt is the first complete edition,
black-letter, a beautiful copy, and containing
the rare original issue of the suppressed voyage
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Mill's works is the complete series of ' Disserta-
tions and Discussions,' 4 vols., original cloth,
uncut, scarce, 1867-75, 4?. 4s. A complete set
of the Library Edition of G. P. R. James's
novels, original cloth, ^ 1844-9, is 14?. 14s. ; and
Burton's ' Leicestershire,' russia, 1622, 6?. 6s.
Under London is a fine copy of Lysons's ' En--
virons,' also the Supplement and the companion
volume, together 6 vols., large paper, extended to
9 vols. by 345 old engravings and original water-
colour drawings, 1792-1811, 32?. There are works
of the Plantin Press, and the first edition of
Ovid's ' Metamorphoses ' with the plates by
Lebrun and others. Works under Scotland
include Allan Cunningham's copy, extra-illus-
trated, of Chalmers's ' Caledonia.' Under Surrey
is Manning and Bray's ' History,' further illus-
trated by 340 coats of arms, 3 vols., folio, full
levant by Bedford, 1804-14, 55?.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
ta
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
bo "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries"'— Adver-
tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.G.
S. S. B. — Forwarded.
EL SOLTERO, Eagle Pass, Texas (" Kid "
Child). — The great Oxford Dictionary says :
" Originally low slang, but of late frequent in
familiar speech." The former use is illustrated
from Massinger (1559) and D'Urfey (1690) ; the
latter from Lord Shaftesbury's ' Journal ' (1841).
ii s. m. JUNE 3. ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
421
LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 3, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 75.
NOTES :— Statues and Memorials in the British Isles, 421 j
— Tottel's 'Miscellany' and John Harington, 423— The
Blindfolded Man : Japanese Variants, 424— Blue Rod, 425
— « The Ballad of Splendid Silence ' — Signs of Old i
London — Mathematical Terms not in the 'N.E.D.' —
Tiger or Arctia caja Moth, 426— Deadly Nightshade and ,
Pigs, 427.
QUERIES :— Judge Jeffreys and Temple Church Organ—
"Mad Archy Campbell," 427 —John Gove — Adelaide,
Widow of Hermann IV. — Prince Albert on Balmoral— |
Whig Club - " Jail " in Heraldry, 428 — Mrs. Kitty \
Cuthbertson — Royal Exchange Paving - Blocks —
Foreign Ambassadors — Charles I. Miniature — John
Drummond — John Vesey — Ornithology and Natural
History, 429.
REPLIES :— Burns and 'The Wee Wee German Lairdie,'
430— Bishop Ken — First Halfpenny Newspaper, 431—
Black Bandsmen in the Army— Bishop Vigors— Holwell
Family, 432— Mansel Family— Aristotle on Education-
Bibles with Curious Readings— Milton Bibles— Marriage
Relationships — Putney Bowling-Green — " Never swap
horses when crossing the stream," 433—" Wait and see"
—Wall Churches, 434— " Orgeat "—James Ballantyne's
Kelso Press, 435— " Capping " at Scottish Universities-
Sanctuary Rings, 436 — William Evatt — Robert Rollo
Gillespie — Lawrence Street, St. Giles's-in-the-Fields—
Physician's Cane, 437— "May Fair"— Queen Victoria's
Maternal Great-Grandmother— " When she was good,"
438 — ' Belgravia ' — Shakespeare and the Prayer Book,
439.
NOTES ON BOOKS •.— ' Grace Book A,' Cambridge Uni-
versity Records—' Coronation of Edward the Seventh.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
STATUES AND MEMORIALS IN THE
BRITISH ISLES.
(See 10 S. xi. 441; xii. 51, 114, 181, 401?
11 S. i. 282 ; ii. 42, 242, 381 ; iii. 22, 222.)
STATESMEN AND POLITICIANS (continued).
Newcastle-upon-Tyne. — A massive column
to the memory of Earl Grey stands at the
head of Grey Street. It rises to a height
of 133 feet, being surmounted by a bronze
statue of the hero of the 1832 Reform Bill.
A spiral staircase of 164 steps in the interior
of the column leads to a protected platform
upon the capital. The architects were
Messrs. John and Benjamin Green, and the
statue was the work of E. H. Baily. The
foundation stone was laid on 6 September,
1837, and a parchment scroll placed within
it bearing the following words : —
The Foundation Stone of this Column, erected
by public subscription in commemoration of the
transcendent services rendered to his country
by the Right Hon. Charles, Earl Grey, Viscount
Howick, Knight of the most noble Order of the
Garter, and Baronet, was laid on the sixth day of
September, one thousand eight hundred and
thirty seven, by John Green and Benjamin
Green, Esqw, Architects.
Then follows a list of the Building Com-
mittee. The inscription on the column is
as follows : —
This column was erected in 1838 to commemorate
the
services rendered to his country by
Charles, Earl Grey, K.G.
who, during an active political career of
nearly half a century,
was the constant advocate of Peace,
and the fearless and con istent champion of
civil and religious liberty.
He first directed his efforts to the amendment
of the representation of the people in 1792,
and was the Minister
by whose advice, and under whose guidance,
the great
measure of Parliamentary Reform was,
after an arduous and protracted struggle,
safely and triumphantly achieved
in the year 1832.
Hereford. — In front of the Shire Hall is
a statue of Sir G. C. Lewis, Bt. It was un-
veiled by Lord Palmerston on 3 September,
1864, and is thus inscribed : —
Sir George Cornewall Lewis,
A Wise and Honest Statesman,
A Profound Scholar,
A Kind and Firm Friend,
M.P. for the County of Hereford from 1847 to 1852,
Chief Steward of the City,
Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1855 to 1858,
Home Secretary from 1859 to 1860,
Secretary for War from 1860 to 1863.
Born 1806.
Died 1863.
Shrewsbury. --In the Square stands
Marochetti's fine bronze statue of Lord Clive,
the founder of our Indian Empire. It was
erected in 1860, and represents the great
statesman bareheaded and in military
dress.
Salisbury. — Close by the Council Chamber
in the Market-Place is a bronze statue by
Marochetti of Sidney Herbert (Lord Herbert
of Lea), who for many years represented
the southern divi&ion of Wiltshire in Parlia-
ment.
Eastbourne and London. — On 24 October,
1910, the Duke of Norfolk unveiled a bronze
statue of the late Duke of Devonshire on the
western lawn, Eastbourne, opposite the
Grand Hotel. It is the work of Mr. Alfred
Drury, A.R.A., and represents the Duke in
his robes as Chancellor of Cambridge Uni-
422
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. ni. JUNE 3, 1911.
versity. On the granite pedestal is the
following inscription : —
Spencer Compton,
Eighth
Duke of Devonshire, K.G.
Chancellor of the University of Cambridge ;
Lord Lieutenant of the County of Derby ;
Mayor of Eastbourne 1897-1898.
Born 23rd July, 1833. Died 24th March, 1908.
Erected by the inhabitants of Eastbourne in
recognition of his great services to his country
as a statesman, and of his deep interest in the
prosperity and welfare of this town, 1910.
On 14 February last Lord Lansdowne un-
veiled a bronze statue of the Duke of Devon-
shire in London. It is placed at the western
end of the Horse Guards Avenue, in the centre
of the roadway between the Royal United
Service Institution and the War Office. The
statue is by Mr. Herbert Hampton, and repre-
sents the Duke in his robes as a Knight of the
Garter. On the pedestal is inscribed : —
Spencer Compton,
Eighth Duke
of
Devonshire,
K.G.
Born 1833. Died 1908.
Tamworth. — Here a bronze statue is
erected to the eminent statesman the second
Sir Robert Peel. The pedestal is thus in-
scribed : —
The Right Honourable Sir Robert Peel, Bart.
Born Feb. 5, 1788 ; elected in the year 1830
Member of Parliament for Tamworth, which town
he continued to represent until his death, July 2,
1850.
Bolton. — Behind the knoll on which
Bolton Hall stands is the Cavendish memorial
fountain, bearing the following inscription : —
Frederick- Charles Cavendish.
Born November 30th, 1836. Died May 6th, 1882.
This Fountain was erected by the Electors
of the West Riding as a tribute to his memory.
In Bolton Churchyard is the memorial
cross erected by the tenantry of the Bolton
Abbey estates. It is inscribed as follows : —
To the beloved memory of Lord Frederick
Charles Cavendish, son of William, seventh
Duke of Devonshire, and of Blanche Georgina
his wife. Born November 30thr 1836. He went
out as Chief Secretary to Ireland " full of love
to that country, full of hope for her future, full
of capacity to render her service," and wa>
murdered in Phoenix Park, Dublin, within twelve
hours of his arrival, May 6th, 1882. " The Lord
grant thee thy heart's desire and fulfil all thy
mind."
The first quoted words are those used
by Mr. Gladstone in conveying the terrible
news of Sir F. Cavendish's assassination to
the House of Commons.
Knowsley. — On 21 May, 1909, the present
Earl of Derby unveiled a tablet to the
memory of his father, the sixteenth Earl.
It has been placed on the wall of the Alms-
houses, and contains the following in-
scription : —
To the memory of Frederick Arthur, 16th
Earl of Derby, K.G., G.C.B., G.C.V.O. Born
Jan. 1841 ; died June, 1908. These almshouses
are endowed by his tenants and other friends as
a token of affection, and in appreciation of the
great interest he took in everything connected
with the happiness and wellbeing of those around
him.
Bilsington, Kent. — On a hill south of the
village stands an obelisk some 50 feet in
height. On it is the following inscription : —
As a tribute of respect
to the memory
of
Sir William Richard Cosway, K.T.
this monument was erected by
his friends
and
the Reformers of East Kent
in the Year MDCCCXXXV.
Sir William was Parliamentary candidate
for East Kent, and had been nominated, but
was thrown from the stage coach Criterion
and killed in London on 7 June, 1834.
Kilmarnock. — In Kay Park is a monument
surmounted by a figure of Fame, with arms
extended . displaying a wreath. The whole
design is about 25 feet in height. On a panel
of grey granite below the figure is inscribed : — '
To the Memory of
Captain Thomas Baird
and
Alexander Maclaren
as also
John Burt, and John Kennedy,
Archibald Craig and other
Kilmarnock Pioneers of
Parliamentary Reform, who,
in the early part of the
Nineteenth Century, devoted
themselves with unselfish
zeal to the cause of the
People.
Erected
by Public Subscription
1885.
On the plinth below are the words : —
Unveiled by the Right Hon. the Earl of Rosebery,
Oct. 17, 1885.
I am informed that certain of the par-
ticulars given respecting the Ripon obelisk at
the last reference are incorrect, and I believe
this is so. But as the information I have
since gleaned is very contradictory, I shall
I be glad if some one resident in or near Ripon
| will furnish a correct copy of the inscription
on the obelisk, and also state a few facts
concerning its history.
I must take this opportunity of thanking
those friends who have so kindly sent in-
ii s. in. JUNE 3, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
423
formation in response to my request at the j
last reference. I am particularly grateful
for the continued generous help accorded
by Mr. Harry Hems and Mr. Walter Hayler.
I purpose in my next instalment dealing
with memorials to Men of Letters.
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
Silsoe, Beds. — I can now give information
from personal inspection concerning the
second of Mr. PAGE'S Bedfordshire queries
(11 S. ii. 243).
The inscription on the column, or rather
obelisk, that stands in Wrest Park, Silsoe,
near the main road from Luton to Bedford,
is on the side away from the road, and runs
as follows : —
To the memory of the birth | of George Grey
Earl of Harold | Son of Henry and Sophia |
Duke & Dutchess of Kent.
It is in Roman capitals throughout.
A few particulars about the persons con-
cerned are subjoined from G. E. C.'s ' Com-
plete Peerage.'
Henry Grey, Earl of Kent, Baron Lucas
of Crudwell, was baptized in 1671 at Flitton
(in which Silsoe was included as a hamlet up
to 1831), and succeeded to the title in 1702.
In 1706 he was created Viscount Goderich
of co. Hereford, Earl of Harold of co. Bed-
ford, and Marquess of Kent, and in 1710
Duke of Kent. He was one of the regents at
the time of Queen Anne's death, and filled
several other offices of State. In 1740
he was created Marquess Grey, a marquessate
which was continued through the female
line until it became extinct in 1797. He
married firstly, 26 March, 1695, Jemima,
dau. and coheir of Thomas, 2nd Baron Crew
of Stene, by whom he had four sons and
seven daughters ; secondly, 24 March,
1728-9, Sophia, dau. of William Bentinck,
1st Earl of Portland, by his second wife,
Jane, dau. of Sir John Temple. One son
by the first wife, Anthony Grey, attained
maturity, but died in 1723 at the age of 27.
The George Grey of the inscription was the
fifth and youngest son (the only son by the
second wife). He was born on 22 August,
1732, and died in infancy. Henry, Duke of
Kent, died on 5 June, 1740, and his widow
in June, 1748.
For further information about the family,
and about the De Grey mortuary chapel at
Flitton, reference may be made to the
Victoria County History of Bedford, vol. ii.
pp. 326-33. W. R. B. PRIDEAUX.
Flitwick, Beds.
TOTTEL'S ' MISCELLANY,'
SIR ANTONY ST. LEGER, AND JOHN
HARINGTON THE ELDER.
(See ante, pp. 201, 322.)
WHAT year the elder Harington was born,
and how long he lived, are facts that
are unknown. But we know that he was
employed about the Court by Henry VIII.
and that he married that monarch's natural
daughter Etheldreda, whose mother was
a Johanna Dyngley or Dobson, and who
brought him as a dowry the monastic for-
feitures of Kelston, Batheaston, and Kather-
ine in Somerset. The marriage with this
lady took place in 1546. She died shortly
afterwards, leaving her husband her lands.
From his poems we learn that he paid visits
to Princess Elizabeth, afterwards Queen
Elizabeth, at Hatfield, and that there he
met his second wife, she being Isabella Mark-
ham, one of Elizabeth's six gentlewomen.
His marriage with Isabella Markham took
place early in 1554, and shortly afterwards,
in the same year, for carrying a letter to
Elizabeth, who was then a prisoner in the
Tower, he and his wife were likewise confined
to the Tower. Sir John's zealous attach-
ment to the princess cost him eleven months'
imprisonment, and it was during this im-
prisonment that the poem I am going to
quote was written, as were others which I
have already dealt with.
When I first became possessed of a
copy of Tottel's ' Miscellany,' several years
ago, I was strangely attracted to the
book by reading in a comment on one of its
poems that whilst confined as Elizabeth's
prisoner, in Fotheringay Castle, Mary, Queen
of Scots, wrote with a diamond on a window
of her prison these lines : —
And from the top of all my trust
Mishap hath thrown me in the dust.
For a long time it was supposed that Queen
Mary composed these lines herself, but at
last somebody discovered that they were
a quotation from the poem in Tottel
commencing,
To this my song geve eare, who list, &c.
P. 133.
Now these old songs often appear under
various forms, sometimes of one length and
sometimes of another, and occasionally they
are so much altered as to be difficult to recog-
nize. But one would have to make strange
alterations in the song immortalized by
Mary, Queen of Scots, to deceive me, and
therefore, when I saw it in another form in
' Nugse Antique,' I snapped at it at Once.
424
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JU*E 3, ion.
As I am going to quote the Harington
version of the song in full, there will be no
difficulty in comparing it with Tottel, which
is in almost everybody's hands. It will be
seen that there is not the shadow^of a doubt
as to the author being John Harington,
but that the ' Nugse Antiquae ' version of the
poem omits four stanzas preserved by
Tottel, one of which contains the lines
written on the window by Mary, Queen of
Scots.
Sonnet by J. Haryngton, 1554.
1. The days were once, and very late,
My harte and I might leap at large,
Nor were we shutte within the gate
Of loves desyre, nor tooke no charge
Of what myghte greife, or did perteyne
To rack the mynde with ceaseless payne.
2. I heedede not or taunte or toyes,
Nor pin'd to see them frown or smyle,
Their woes I mock'd and scorn'd their joyes,
I shunn'd their frawdes, and cunning wyle ;
Then to myself I often smyl'd,
To think how love had such beguyl'd.
3. Thus in the net of my conceite,
I masked forthe amonge the sorte
Of such as fedde upon the bayt
That Cupid layd for his disporte ;
And ever, as I sawe them caughte,
In wanton waye I thereat laught.
4. Till at the last, when Cupid spy'd
My scornful will and spightfull use,
And saw I pass'd not those were tyed,
If so myself might live still loose ;
He sett himselfe to lye in waite,
And in my waye he caste a baite.
5. Such one as never Nature made
(I dare well say) but her alone ;
Suche one she was as mighte invade
An hearte more harde than marble stone ;
Such one she is, I know it right,
Nature her made to shew her myght.
6. Then, as a man in strange amaze
All use of reason far awaye,
Did I begin to stare and gaze,
Nor could my folly brooke delaye ;
For, ere I had the witt to looke,
I swallowd up bothe bayte and hooke.
I said that this poem is of high his-
torical interest, and I think I am justified
in making that assertion ; for it was com-
posed by Harington when he was a prisoner
in the Tower with the Princess Elizabeth,
and it was quoted in Fotheringay Castle by
Mary, Queen of Scots, when she was the
prisoner of the same Elizabeth. The co-
incidence of two queens being associated
with the song, and the turn in Fortune's
wheel, in the case of Elizabeth, from being
the oppressed to become the oppressor of
another queen, strike one's imagination as
being sufficiently romantic to be deserving
of some notice.
My purpose in these papers was to
add two more names to Tottel's list of
authors, and I have done what I set out
to perform ; but I regret to say that I did
not discover till my first contribution was
printed that I had blundered in styling the
elder Harington Sir John Harington. He
was plain John Harington, and as such is to
be distinguished from his celebrated son, the
witty godson of Queen Elizabeth, and the
translator of ' Orlando Furioso.'
CHARLES CRAWFORD.
THE BLINDFOLDED MAN:
JAPANESE VARIANTS.
W- A. CLOUSTON in his * Popular Tales and
Fictions,' 1887, vol. ii. pp. 160-62, quotes from
Baillie Eraser's ' Narrative of a Journey into
Khorassan ' the following analogue of the
Adventure of the Poor Mason related in
Washington Irving' s ' Tales of the Alham-
bra ' : —
" There is a tradition that the founder of this
college [Paen Pah], having gone to India [from
Persia] .... was forced to solicit charity in the
public streets. One day he was accosted by an old
Hindu, who told him that, if he would submit
bo be blindfolded and led to his house, he would
have work, and good pay. The poor man con-
sented to the term?! ; and after a very circuitous
course, his eyes being uncovered, he found him-
self in a place surrounded by lofty walls, where
he was ordered to dig a large hole, in which the
Hindu buried a great quantity of gold .... This
operation occupied several days, during which
time he bethought himself of an expedient by
which he might discover whither he had been
conveyed. A cat came into the place, which
he caught and killed ; and stuffing the skin -with
jold, he took an opportunity to throw it over what
le believed to be the boundary wall of the premises,
ffe listened to the sound, and judged that it fell
upon clay, or some moist substance. When his
work was dene, he received a present of a few
rupis, was again blindfolded, and led to the place
whence he had been brought. He immediately
jegan to search for his cat, which.... he found
ying in a dirty pond beside a high wall, which
he recognized for the enclosure of the Hindu's
dwelling. The gold he thus obtained enabled him
at the old man's death. . . .to purchase the house
'rom his heir, and he thus became possessed of the
vealth which the Hindu had buried. With this
le returned to Persia, and with a portion of it
built this college."
Parallel to this Persian tale, we have
a Japanese one told of Itakura Shigemune,
:he wisest judge Japan has ever produced
1586-1656 A.D.). It runs thus :—
" During his residence hi • Kydto as Chief
ustice, it happened one day that a professional
urgeon of good reputation brought him private
nformation of a strange affair that had recently
)ccurred to himself. ' About twenty days ago,'
ii s. in. JUNE 3, ML] NOTES AND QUERIES.
425
said he, ' several stalwart fellows came and
earnestly a^ked me immediately to visit their
master, who was, they said, very ill of a boil. I
complied with their request, and followed them
with my medicines and apparatus, and found a
palanquin awaiting me. No sooner had I entered
it than the doer was tightly closed, and thus I
was carried some three Japanese miles in a mys-
terious roundabout way. On arrival at our des-
tination, they took me out of the palanquin and
conducted me before what appeared to be a chief
of bandits, who was groaning with grievous wounds.
His men forced me to remain in the house for
twenty and odd days, not allowing me any
glimpse whatever of its outside. When his
wounds healed through my treatment, he thanked
me and gave me a present of five gold pieces ; and
placing me in the palanquin again, he caused me
to be brought back mazily to the same place
as before.'
" When the surgeon ended he was asked by
Shigemune whether he had not noticed anything
particular in that place during his stay of more
than a score days. He answered that only a
certain bird's note had attracted his attention,
and subsequently he had overheard somebody
saying ' This is the bird calle*Bupp6s6 in imita-
tion of its characteristic voice ; it lives in, only
two mountains, Nikk6 and Koya, in the whole
empire.' Scarcely had Shigemune got this
answer before he reminded himself of an old poem
by Shunzei [a wise poet of the twelfth century
A.D.] indicating Mount Matsuo as the only locality
near Kyoto inhabited by this bird. So he sent
a police force there and succeeded in capturing
and punishing all those culprits." — ' Ooka
Tadasuke Itoku,' written in the eighteenth
century (?), quoted in Nishi/awa, ' Denki Sakusho,'
c. 1840-52, ed. 1906, Series I. torn. i. p. 10.
Santo Kyoden, a renowned Japanese
romancer, in his ' Udonge Monogatari,'
1804, chap, x., has a variant of this tale,
wherein he makes a brigand chief to be en-
tirely cured of hemeralopia through the
advice of a quack, whom his subjects had
brought blindfolded to his den. Thankful
for this, the company entertains the quack
with drink one evening, promising to send
him home as soon as the wine is finished.
While drinking, however, he listens to a sin-
gular bird's cry, declares it to be the Bupposo,
and plumes himself upon his knowledge of
what mountain he is now on — this bird
having its abode limited to very few moun-
tains in all the Japanese provinces. The
brigand chief, drawing the quack near him-
self under pretence of giving him a present,
suddenly strikes off his head in order to
prevent him from divulging the whereabouts
of the marauders. For an illustrated de-
scription of the bird Bupposo see Kayahara,
' Boso Manroku,' 1829, chap. iii.
Saikwaku's ' Honcho Ooinhiji,' 1689,
torn. iv. chap, ix., contains also a narrative
similar to the story of Itakura quoted above,
but in it the judge is made to elicit the hiding-
place of a band of murderers, not from the
bird's cry, but from music and the bustle
of a crowd that the surgeon reports to have
heard near their dwelling on two different
i occasions KTJMAGTJSU MINAKATA.
Tanabe, Kii, Japan.
BLUE ROD. — The following addition to
"Rod" titles, taken from The Times of
6 May, should, I think, find a place in
' N. & Q.' :—
GENTLEMAN USHER OF THE BLUE ROD.
(From the London Gazette. )
Chancery of the Order of Saint Michael
and Saint George, Downing street, May 5,
1911.
The King, as Sovereign and Chief of the Most
Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint
George, has been pleased to direct that the
Officer of Arms of the said Most Distinguished
Order (Sir William Alexander Baillie Hamilton,
K.C.M.G., C.B.) shall be styled Gentleman Usher
of the Blue Rod.
The other like titles existing heretofore
are, I believe : —
1. Usher of the Black Rod— Order of the
Garter.
2. Gentleman Usher of the Green Rod —
Order of the Thistle.
3. Usher of the Black Rod (Ireland) —
Order of St. Patrick.
4. Gentleman Usher of the Scarlet Rod —
Order of the Bath.
Presumably the above-quoted warrant
is intended to mean that every holder of the
office referred to shall hereafter be styled
" Gentleman Usher of the Blue Rod."
If that is the intention, there is an interest-
ing lack of precision.
I am not sure whether the English
and Irish " Black Rods " ought to be styled
respectively " Usher of the Black Rod "
or " Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod."
In John Chamberlayne's ' Magnae Britannise
Notitia ; or, The Present State of Great
Britain,' 1708, p. 609, Sir David Mitchel,
Kt., is at the head of the " Gentleman
Ushers, Daily Waiters," and is called
" Gentleman Usher, Daily Waiter, and
Black Rod." There, however, he appears
as one of " The Queen's [Queen Anne's]
Officers and Servants in Ordinary above-
Stairs, under the Lord Chamberlain." On
p. 231, in the account of the Knights of the
Garter, the officer (not named) is described
as "Usher of the Garter, Usher of the
Black Rod."
For an interesting note on Green Rod see
10 S. xii, 377. ROBERT PIERPOINT.
426
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. in. JUNE 3, 1911.
' THE BALLAD OF SPLENDID SILENCE.' —
Miss Edith Nesbit (Mrs. Hubert Bland)
in Longman's Magazine for April, 1887,
and also in her ' Leaves of Life ' (London,
1888), published a touching poem about the
sad case of one Ferencz (Francis) Renyi, a
Hungarian hero, who in 1849 is said to have
been dragged before the notorious Austrian
general Haynau. In order to wrench from
him some information about the hiding-
places of his fellow-rebels, the general had
Renyi' s aged mother, his sister, and finally
his sweetheart shot before his eyes. Accord-
ing to the ballad, Renyi kept silence through-
out the ordeal, but finally, with a super-
human effort, burst his bonds and rushed
towards the general. Suddenly he halted,
his lips opened, and the splendid silence was
broken by the awful laugh of a raving
maniac.
Mr. W. B. Yeats has also a poem on the
subject, which originally appeared in The
Boston Pilot about 1887, and subsequently
in his first book of verse, ' The Wanderings
of Oisin, and other Poems,' in 1889.
Both poems were based, I was told by
the authors, upon an account published in
The Pall Mall Budget of 23 September, 1886,
under the title of * A Hungarian Hero of
1848,' and taken from the Petit Parisien,
which in its turn quoted Hungarian papers
for its authority. According to these,
Renyi had then just died in the Central
Lunatic Asylum at Budapest, an inmate
of which he had been for 37 years.
I made inquiries about Francis Renyi
in 1904, when I first came across his name,
but could find out nothing about him.
Everybody seemed to have forgotten him,
and one old gentleman at Nagyvarad, who
was thoroughly conversant with, and a
leading authority on, the history of the
eventful two years 1848-9, at once declared
the hero to be a myth.
Dr. Ban of Budapest, who has now taken
up the subject again, informs me that they
know nothing about Ferencz Renyi at the
Central Lunatic Asylum, where, as already
. stated, he is supposed to have lived so
many years and died.
Dr. Ban has recently translated into
Hungarian a Finnish poem on the same
subject by Julius Krohn (" Suonio "), accord-
ing to whose son the account of the episode
was taken by the poet between 1885 and
1888 from the Swedish MorgenUadet, which
no doubt got it from an English or French
source.
The next step would be to search the files
of the Petit Parisien to see whether, any
special Hungarian paper is quoted that
would enable one to trace the legend to
its fountain head. Some reader of L/Inter-
mediaire may be able to help us.
L. L. K.
SIGNS OF OLD LONDON. (See 11 S. i.
402, 465 ; ii. 323 ; iii. 64.)— The following
early sign references are extracted from the
P.R.O. list of Early Chancery Proceedings,
vol. iv., covering the period 1500-15, and
being in rough chronological arrangement.
Cock and Hind (brewhouse) without Cripplegate-
" Charyet " (messuage), Fleet Street.
Swan (messuage), parish of St. Michael Bassishaw.
" Hond " (messuage), Thames Street.
Crown (messuage), parish of St. Ewin beside
Newgate.
Hart's Horn (brewhouse), " Snorehill," parish of
St. Sepulchre.
Green Hall, St. Paul's Churchyard.
Lion, Brentford.
Crown, Brentford.
Pope's Head, Lombard Street.
"Fb
ynthall " (tenement), London (sic)
i (messuage), Cheapside.
" Bosse " (tenement and dyehouse), Paul's
King's Head (messuage), Cheapside.
;: d: •
Wharf.
Salutation (messuage and bakehouse), St. Alban's,
Wood Street.
King's Head (wine tavern), Cheap.
Saracen's Head, Carter Lane.
Ship (inn), parish of St. Clement Danes.
" Willoghbisyn " (inn), Old Bailey.
Boar's Head (do.), St. Sepulchre's.
Maidenhead (messuage), Mark Lane.
Swan (do.), St. Giles, Cripplegate.
Black Horse Inn, Fleet Street.
Salutation, London (sic).
It will be gathered from this and former lists
that the Chancery records are rich in
interesting and valuable references to London
topography. WILLIAM MCMURRAY.
MATHEMATICAL TERMS NOT IN THE
* N.E.D.' — The following well-known mathe-
matical terms are not to be found in the
' N.E.D.' : cross-axis and cross-centre (e.g.,
Filon's ' Protective Geometry'), homothetic,
rdbat, rdbatting, rabatment (cf. Filon).
R. C. ARCHIBALD.
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
TIGER OR ARCTIA CAJA MOTH. — This in-
teresting and beautiful insect has a habit
which, so far as I know, is not followed by any
of the other English Lepidoptera. When in
the early autumn they emerge from the
chrysalis state two of them, male and female,
usually appear at the very same time, and
are stationed near each other before they
take wing. I have observed this very often,
but have never seen the fact mentioned in
any of the books on Lepidoptera that I have
consulted. L. S. M.
ii s. in. JUNE 3, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
427
DEADLY NIGHTSHADE AND PIGS. — Up-
wards of thirty years ago an old man who
lived in North-west Lincolnshire told me
that collars made of this plant, if fastened
around the necks of pigs which were suffering
from witchcraft, would at once make them
quite well. The name he gave the plant was
not nightshade but " shady-night."
COM. LING.
WE must request corresp9ndents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
JUDGE JEFFREYS AND THE TEMPLE
CHURCH OBGAN. — In my earlier days, when
I was a student at the Temple, I somehow
became possessed of the idea that the famous
— or infamous — Judge Jeffreys, who was
said to have been a great lover of music,
had either presented to the Temple Church
its magnificent organ, or had in great
measure assisted in its acquisition. I was,
therefore, somewhat surprised to find no
mention of anything of the kind when looking
through the most excellent reissue of
* Master Worsley's Book of the Middle
Temple ' published by that Honourable
Society, edited by Mr. A. R. Ingpen, K.C.,
one of the masters of the Bench, and printed
at the Chiswick Press, which had been
recently added to our Law Library in
Antigua ; and I wondered whether I had
not altogether been mistaken.
An account of the organ is given in a
foot-note at p. 103 of the chapter on ' His-
torical Observations ' (which is founded upon
and comprises the account given in Down-
ing's MS. of Master Worsley's Book, 1734,
edited by Master C. H. Hopwood in 1896,
but now out of print), and immediately
below a drawing of the ancient inscription
in stone recording the erection of the
Temple Church in 1185, which stood over
one of the doors till, being taken down in
1695 in order tp^repair that part of the
church, it was by some accident broken in
pieces. In that account occurs the following
passage : —
" The organ in this church is accounted one
of the best instruments of the kind in the
Kingdom. It was made by the late Mr. Smith,
and purchased from him by the Societies, 1687,
for one thousand pounds."
No mention whatever is made of Jeffreys' s
name (sa far as I could see) throughout the
j Book, though as he was an Inner Templar
| this might not appear so strange ; but that
he had something to do with the selection
of the organ the following extract from
Woolrych's ' Life of Judge Jeffreys ' (1827),
p. 323, would seem to show : —
" Jeffreys was considered a good judge of music,
and during the rivals hip of those two famous
organ -builders, Father Smith and Harris, he was
one of the umpires chosen to decide on their
respective merits. An organ was placed by each
artist in the Temple Church ; one at the east,
the other at the west end* : Blow and Purcell
played for Smith, and Lully, Queen Catherine's
organist, for Harris .... Jeffreys decided for
Smith, and Harris's organ was withdrawn. (See
Granger's ' Biographical History of England,'
by Noble, vol. ii. p. 363.)"
That Jeffreys, then Chancellor, had the
means to make even this handsome present
to the two learned Societies we know, for
he could scarcely have managed to spend
all the rich perquisites he had acquired
for himself out of the famous " Bloody
Assize " which he had held in the West
when Lord Chief Justice but two years
before.
I have no opportunity here of consulting
any of the General Indexes to ' N. & Q.'
to see if this question has been raised before ,
so I shall be very glad if any of your readers
can refer me to any authority that may
have given rise to my presumably erroneous
supposition. J. S. UDAL, F.S.A.
Antigua, W.I.
" MAD ARCHY CAMPBELL "—The ' D.N.B.
ives an account of a Col. Archibald Camp-
ell, but there was in the same places,
Savannah, Georgia, and Charleston, South
Carolina, a Capt. Archibald Campbell,
nicknamed, for many mad pranks, as above.
I should appreciate any information as to
his parentage, affiliations, in what regiment
he served, and what became of his daughter.
I give an account of his marriage, taken
from Mrs. St. Julien Ravenel's book ' Charles-
ton,' p. 255, edition of 1906 :—
"Capt. Campbell fell in love with Miss
Paulina Phelps, belonging to a, Tory [of the
British Party] family, and an heiress. At a ball
he made a wager, his Arab horse to 50Z., that in
three days, with her own consent, he would marry
Miss Phelps.
" A day or two after the wager he invited Miss
Phelps to' a drive in his gig. Then, for two long
hours, he drove at breakneck speed over banks,
ditches, rough roads, and pine-wood trails,
talking wildly, proposed an immediate marriage,
and the poor lady, terror-stricken, consented.
He drove to Goose Creek Church, called up Parson
* The eastern, where the organ now stands,
is the Middle Temple side of the church ; the
western is the Inner.
428
NOTES AND QUERIES. [a s. m. JUNE 3, mi.
Ellington, and asked him to marry them. On his
refusal he presented his pistol at the parson's
head, and the marriage took place !
" He was killed in a skirmish at Videau's
Bridge, and his widow died a month later, leaving
a daughter."
EL SOLTERO.
Eagle Pass, Texas.
JOHN GOVE, c. 1650. — I am anxious to
learn something about John Gove. He
was born in 1604 in England, was a brass
founder, and came to Charlestown, Mass.,
in 1647. IJis wife's name was Sarah.
L. GOVE MCGREGOR.
1233, North Laurence Avenue, Wichita, Kansas.
ADELAIDE, WIDOW OF HERMANN IV.,
Duke of Swabia, married Otto, Margrave of
Susa in Piedmont. Bertha, a daughter of a
second marriage, married, 1065, the youthful
Henry IV. of Germany. With Countess
Matilda of Tuscany, Adelaide vainly en-
deavoured to prevent the humiliation of
Henry IV. at Canossa, 1077 ; and in 1083
to soften the wrath of Gregory VII. towards
her son-in-law. All my efforts having failed
to discover the lineage or parentage of the
brave and noble Adelaide, appeal is made
for the desired information to a reader of
' N. & Q.' who possesses a better collection
of genealogical books than the inquirer.
T. F. DWIGHT.
La Tour de Peilz, Vaud, Switzerland.
PRINCE ALBERT ON BALMORAL. — In The
Court Journal of Saturday, 23 September,
1865, the following paragraph appeared : —
" A propos of Her Majesty's stay at Balmoral,
it may be mentioned as an interesting fact that
the late Prince Consort took greater interest in
the locality than is generally thought, and made
its features an especial study. By his directions,
and with considerable assistance from himself,
a local history was written, in which its
topographical, botanical, and geological charac-
teristics were admirably sketched, and in which
there were graphic descriptions of scenery and
historical reminiscences, which owed their charm
to the graceful pen of the Prince Consort. The
work was beautifully printed, but only six copies
were struck off, by an eminent firm in London,
who, of course, rigidly enforced instructions they
had received that not a proof of a' line of the work
beyond these six copies should be printed."
Is it possible to get any information about
this book ? What was its title ? What
became of the six copies ? There is none
in the British Museum, or in the Windsor
library or the Balmoral library.
P. J. ANDERSON.
University Library, Aberdeen.
THE WHIG CLUB. — One of the most curious
items sold at the last dispersal of " Phil-
lippsiana " was a large leather -bound volume
containing the original rules of the Whig
Club and more than nine hundred signatures
of its members. It is evident that the Club
nourished in the last two decades of the
eighteenth century. I possess three in-
teresting contemporary caricatures connected
with it, but they afford no clue as to the
place where its annual dinners were held.
No mention whatever is made of the Whig
Club in Mr. Ralph Nevill's recent work on
' London Clubs.' I should be glad of any
information on the subject.
A. M.. BROADLEY.
The Knapp, Bradpole, Bridport.
THE " JALL " IN HERALDRY. — For an
account of the discovery of the " Kynge'a
Beeste," the "jail " in Westminster Abbey,
and of its first reappearance in modern times
on the restored bridge at Hampton Court,
see two interesting letters by the Custodian
of Westminster Abbey and Mr. Ernest
Law, the learned historian of Hampton
Court Palace, which appeared in The Times
on 24 and 25 April. It is said that this
heraldic beast appears in the arms of the
Countess of Richmond, founder of the Cam-
bridge colleges, Christ's and St. John's. The
writers of the two letters do not quote any
text — early or late — for the occurrence of"
the word "jail," nor does the word occur
in the ' N.E.D.'
From what language did this strange word
get into heraldic terminology ?
A. L. MAYHEW.
THE "JALL" IN HERALDRY. — A letter
contributed to The Times of 27 April by
Mr. George C. Druce gives much new infor-
mation concerning this fabulous animal.
He considers its existence in heraldry, like
that of the unicorn, to be due to the mediaeval
bestiary, in which it is known " under the
Latin title of eale, the word 'Yale' or
' jail ' being merely a phonetic spelling."
From the above source he quotes : —
" There is a beast called Eale as large as a horse
with a tail like an elephant's, of a black colour,
with jaws like a goat's, and bearing horns un-
usually long, and adapted for compliance with
any desired movement. For they are not stiff,
but are moved as the requirements of fighting
dictate, of which one is extended in front when it
fights, and the other is folded back, so that if the
point of one gets blunted by any blow, the other
sharp one is used in its place."
One reading of the above makes the crea-
ture possess a wild boar's jaws, instead of
a goat's. Another MS. describes it as "a
bearded horse-like animal with tufts of
hair on the neck, cloven feet, and long
horns."
ii s. m. JUNE 3, ion.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
429
From this general description I am led
to the belief that the original of this strange
quadruped is not so difficult to seek, in-
asmuch as the main characteristics here
given impress one as those of the African
gnu, or wilde beeste ; and what further
confirms this supposition is the fact that
Pliny, from whom the bestiary account is
said to be taken, states that the animal's
habitat is Ethiopia. The horns of the
adult gnu are broad at the base, lying flat
on the skull, as in the buffalo ; thence they
become rounded, and are ultimately bent
upwards and inwards to a point. Though
classed by zoologists as an antelope, the
animal combines the close hair and mane
of the pony, the slender limbs of the ante-
lope, and the long tail and cloven hoofs of
the buffalo. The bulls are very pugnacious,
and the curious movement of the horns in
fighting might easily lead an onlooker to
conclude that they were reversible. In the
young the horns are at first«etraight, but they
become coiled as maturity approaches.
One variety, Catoblepas gorgon, the brindled
gnu, is still common north of the Zambesi.
N. W. HILL.
129. West 13th Street. New York.
MBS. KITTY CUTHBEBTSON, THE NOVEL-
IST. — In the third chapter of Sir
George Trevelyan's ' Life and Letters of
Lord Macaulay ' there are two minor lady
novelists mentioned, Mrs. Meeke and Mrs.
Kitty Cuthbertson, who appear to have
been held in considerable estimation by
the historian and his sisters. I believe
the * D.N.B.' tells as much of Mrs. Meeke as
is ever likely to be published, but is there
nothing known of Mrs. Cuthbertson ? I
have always felt a strong desire to learn some-
thing authentic of this writer of romances,
uho could arouse enthusiasm in such a
brilliant, literary, and affectionate family
circle as the young Macaulay group, and
shall therefore welcome any information.
FBEDK. C. WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Cardiff.
THE ROYAL EXCHANGE PAVING-BLOCKS. —
The stone " setts " which floor the centre
of the Royal Exchange are of a curious
yellowish appearance, and have, if one may
use such a . term in such a connexion, a
sort of soft or satinish texture if the foot be
rubbed on them. Somebody, years ago,
told me that the Sultan sent a gift of Turkish
honestones to King Charles (I. or II., I
forget which) for the sharpening of swords,
and that the King, not quite knowing how
to make use of them, gave them to be em-
ployed as paving for the Royal Exchange.
I have often tried to trace the truth of the
story, but without any result. Are the
present stones in fact " Turkey stones,"
and if not, what are they ? Is anything
known as regards their history ?
DOUGLAS OWEN.
FOBEIGN AMBASSADOBS. — In the various
memoirs of the eighteenth century one
frequently comes across references to the
Spanish, the Portuguese, or the Swedish
ambassadors, and often much research is
necessary to discover the name of the
person so indicated. A complete list of the
foreign ambassadors in London during the
period would be most useful to students.
Can any reader of ' N. & Q.' set a good ex-
ample to the editor of Haydn's ' Book of
Dignities ' and supply such a list ?
HORACE BLEACKLEY.
CHARLES I. MINIATUBE. — Is there a list
of those to whom Queen Henrietta Maria
gave miniatures (after the portrait by Van
Dyck) of Charles I. ? And what had been
the respective sums given by those who
received the portrait on blue enamel, or on
yellow enamel ?
I have one on blue, oval, $ in. by £ in.
It is set in silver, with a bar on each side
through which a ribbon can be passed.
I have been told that there were similar
miniatures of James II.
M. ELLEN POOLE.
Alsager, Cheshire.
JOHN DBUMMOND was admitted to West-
minster School in June, 1735, aged 12. Can
any correspondent of ' N. & Q.' help me to
identify him ? G. F. R. B.
JOHN VESEY, ABCHBISHOP OF TUAM. —
Whom and when did he marry ? The ' Diet.
Nat. Biog./ Iviii. 290, does not give the
desired information. G. F. R. B.
ORNITHOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY. —
I should be much obliged for short bio-
graphical information, especially the dates
of the births and deaths, of any of the writers
whose names appear in the list which I
subjoin : —
C. Stewart, author of ' Elements of Natural
History. .. .particularly of all those that are
natives of Britain,' 2 vols., 8vo. London, 1801.
George Graves, author of ' British Ornithology,'
3 vols., 8vo. London, 1811-21.
John Atkinson, author of ' A Compendium of
the Ornithology of Great Britain,' 8vo. London,
1820.
Joseph Nash, author of ' A Practical Treatise
on British Song-Birds,' 8vo. London, 1824.
430
NOTES AND QUERIES. nis.m. JUNE 3, 1911.
George Fox, author of ' Synopsis of the New-
'castle Museum,' 8vo. Newcastle, 1827.
James Jennings, author of ' Ornithologia,
British and Foreign Birds,' 8vo. London, 1828.
W. E. Baxter, author of ' The Feathered
Vocalist, or History of British Singing Birds,'
12mo. Lewes, Sussex Press, 1830.
John Cotton, author of ' The Resident Song-
Birds of Great Britain,' 8vo. London, 1835
(17 plates). London, 1836 (33 plates).
H. L. Meyer, author of ' Illustrations of British
Birds,' 4 vols., 4to (in 80 parts). London, 1835-9.
Charles Thorold Wood, author of ' The Ornitho-
logical Guide,' 8vo. London, 1835.
W. B. Clarke, author of ' The Guide to Hayling,'
8vo. Hayling, 1836.
Neville Wood, author of ' British Song-Birds,'
8vo. London, 1836.
J. C. Bellamy, author of ' The Natural History
of South Devon,' 8vo. Plymouth, 1839.
John Mossop, author of ' Ornithologia Bri-
tannica, a Synopsis of British Land Birds,' 8vo.
London, 1841.
George Maton, author of ' The Natural History
of Wilts,' 8vo. London, 1843.
Robert Garner, author of ' The Natural
History of the County of Stafford,' 8vo. London,
1844.
J. R. Harvey, author of ' Contributions towards
a Fauna and Flora of the County of Cork,' 8vo.
London, 1845.
Please reply direct.
W. H. MULLENS.
Westfield Place, Battle, Sussex.
BURNS AND * THE WEE WEE
GERMAN LAIRDIE.'
(US. iii.'286, 354.)
CROMEK'S ' Remains of Nithsdale and
Galloway Song,' which appeared in 1810,
was not a work that was likely to arouse
general interest. Antiquaries and literary
specialists would give it ready attention,
but, apart from those in the district it
represented, general readers would almost
entirely fail to make its acquaintance.
Yet, when Hogg in 1819 published his
' Jacobite Relics,' he said that ' The Wee
'Wee German Lairdie,' which he had sub-
stantially taken from the ' Remains,' was
** a great favourite all over Scotland." The
impression clearly given by his note on the
subject is that the song had long been
generally popular, and that the version in
Cromek's book was such as in the main to
satisfy his sense of accuracy. He gives part
of a stanza which is neither in Cromek nor
in Cunningham's ' Scottish Songs ' of 1825,
and^he is careful to explain that this is
taken from an older collection." What
he says of the tune to which he sets the lyric
is also significant. This, he remarks with
characteristic candour, " was composed by
me a number of years bygone, and it having
been so often sung to it, I found that, all
over the south country, any other would
have been reckoned spurious." To be quite
exhaustive, however, and fair to all con-
cerned, he appends an old air, which, pre-
sumably, had been associated with the
lyric in its earlier days, and before the popu-
larity attained by his own • composition.
Altogether, Hogg obviously considered that
in ' The Wee Wee German Lairdie ' he had
to do with a traditional Jacobite song, with
which he and countless others had been
familiar apart altogether from the Cromek-
Cunningham miscellany. After an interval
of only ten years, he could hardly have taken
up the position he did, had the lyric come to
his notice for the first time through that
publication. Besides, Allan Cunningham
was there, to impugn, if necessary, the
liberties taken by a fresh compiler, and there
is nothing to show that he had a word to say
against the Shepherd's calm assumptions
and ingenuous statements.
It is not surprising that Peter Cunningham
should have claimed the song for his father.
It was loyal of him to do so, especially as
there is a paternal letter of 8 September,
1810, written to uncle James, which would
very^naturally lead him to form his con-
clusion. " Well," the writer observes in
one passage,
'' we have at last printed that volume of ' Remains
of Nithsdale and Galloway Song.' ... .The thing
that pleases me in it, every article but two little
scraps was contributed by me, both poetry and
prose."
"Contributed" does not necessarily imply
authorship, but then again it may, especially
if a purpose has to be served by a perfectly
plausible inference. Honest Allan, however,
may simply have meant that he furnished the
material for the book, without intending to
convey the impression that he was the sole
begetter except for the " two little scraps."
The subject is too large and complicated
for present discussion, but it may not be
amiss to show from a prose passage how the
writer sometimes compassed his contribu-
tions. Discussing the Jacobite attitude in
the Introduction to the ' Remains,' he writes
as follows : —
" The rival claims of Stuart and Brunswick
are to the present generation no more a matter
of dispute than those of York and Lancaster :
they have been for ever set at rest by the total
extinction of the ancient line of the native kings
n s. IIL JUNE 3, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
431
of England. In this, as in all our civil wars,
the question of right has been decided by an appeal
to arms ; and the victorious party has claimed
the privilege of branding the vanquished with
the stigma of rebellion. It is a wise remark
of the patriotic Fletcher, that ' as the most just
and honourable enterprizes, when they fail,
are accounted in the number of rebellions ; so
all attempts, however unjust, if they succeed,
always purge themselves of all guilt and sus-
picion.' Posterity, however, are bound to do
justice to the character of those men who devoted
their lives to what they conceived to be the just
cause ; their fidelity and loyalty have a double
claim on our respect, when we consider that they
were our ancestors — our countrymen ; and that
they were denounced as traitors only because
they were unsuccessful.
One of the best bits of writing in the book,
this is at once vigorous and sensible, and
there is not a jot of internal evidence to
prove that it is not absolutely fresh and
original. When we read, however, Joseph
Ritson' s dissertation prefixed to his ' Scottish
Songs ' of 1794, we are surprised at the hardi-
hood of the Cromek sponsor as we there
encounter these observations : —
" The rival claims of Stewart and Brunswick
are not more to the present generation than those
of Bruce and Baliol, or York and Lancaster.
The question of RIGHT has been submitted to
the arbitration of the SWORD, and is now irre-
vocably decided ; but neither that decision, nor
any other motive, should deter the historian
from doing justice to the character of those
brave men who fell in a cause which they, at
least, thought right, and which others, perhaps,
only think wrong because it was unsuccessful."
Ritson appends in a note the " wise
remark of the patriotic Fletcher," which
is embodied in the text of his courageous
successor. Had he lived till 1810, instead of
passing away in 1803, Ritson would un-
doubtedly have made stirring and pungent
comments on the ' Remains ' in general, and
the author of the Introduction in particular.
Meanwhile, since the contributor could
thus utilize without acknowledgment a vir-
tually contemporary prose essay, one can-
not but conclude that he may have been
extremely deliberate in handling, and
even appropriating traditional ballads and
songs. THOMAS BAYNE.
BISHOP KEN (US. iii. 248, 290). — I am
greatly indebted to MB. ELKIX MATHEWS
and the other two correspondents for further
particulars of the Bishop. MB. MATHEWS
says that he was the youngest son, but MB.
E. MABSTOX states that in ' Thomas Ken
and Izaak Walton,' pp. 7 and 8, satisfactory
proof is given that he was the third son by
the second wife. If Thomas Ken, sen., was
married to Martha Carpenter in December,
1625, all the children baptized at St. Giles s,
Cripplegatc, were her offspring, and the
Bishop would be the third son by the second
wife, there being one younger, named
Martin, baptized in 1640.
How many children did the Bishop s
father have by his first wife (Jane Hughes),
and where were they baptized ? There is
said to have been another Thomas by the
first marriage. I know of only two others :
Anne, afterwards Mrs. Walton, and Jane,
who was married before 1651.
Izaak Walton's first wife was named Floud ;
she was descended on her mother's side from
Edmund Cranmer, Archdeacon of Canter-
bury, the brother of Archbishop Cranmer,
In the ' Angler ' two poems are addressed
to Izaak Walton by John Floud, M.A., and
Robert Floud, both of whom call Izaak
Walton their dear brother. His first wife's
Christian name is said to have been Rachel.
In the life of Bishop Ken by the Rev.
W. L. Bowles the descent is traced as below :
ibisl
Archbishop
Cranmer
Edmund Cranmer,
Archdeacon of
Canterbury
Thomas Cranmer, gent.,:
of St. Mildred's,
Canterbury
Susanna=p Floud
I
John Floud,
M.A.
Robert
Floud
...Floud^Izaak
Walton
Can any reader supply further particulars
of Izaak Walton's first wife and her parents ?
L. H. CHAMBEBS.
Amersham.
FIBST HALFPENNY NEWSPAPEB (US. iii.
366). — As MB. ROBBINS shows, the claim
put forward in The Times on behalf of The
Dundee Courier as " the first half penny-
daily newspaper in the United Kingdom "
cannot be maintained. In Scottish Xotes
and Queries, 1890, iii. 137, it was pointed
out by Mr. A. C. Lamb, in the course of a
series of interesting articles on the ' Biblio-
graphy of Dundee Periodical Literature,'
that The Dundee Courier was first issued
as a halfpenny daily on Monday, 17 Sep-
tember, 1866. " This date, it will be observed,
is later than that of The Shields Daily
Gazette, which appeared as a halfpenny
journal on 2 January, 1864.
432
NOTES AND QUERIES. [us. in. JUNE 3,1911.
The proprietors of The Dundee Courier do
not claim for their paper the honour of being
*' the first halfpenny daily " even for Scot-
land, much less for Britain. So far as
Scotland is concerned, The Glasgow Evening
Citizen preceded the Courier, being pub-
lished as a halfpenny evening paper on
8 August, 1864. As regards the first half-
penny daily in the United Kingdom, The
Greenock Evening Telegraph, established
in 1857, is asserted by its publishers to be
" the pioneer of halfpenny evening papers
in Britain." W. SCOTT.
The following dates are taken from the
Jubilee number of The Dundee Courier and
Argus, for Friday, 21 April, 1911 : 26 Sep-
tember, 1816, first issued as a weekly at
Id. per copy. 20 September, 1836, reduced
to 4%d. per copy. 27 August, 1860, first
issued as a tri-weekly at Id. 22 April,
1861, first issued as a daily at Id. 17 Sep-
tember,^! 866, first issued as a halfpenny
morning paper/]! ^ R. F. GARDINER.
Glasgow.
Fox Bourne, i. 119, mentions The Half-
penny Post, printed by Parker the elder, oi
Salisbury Street, which in 1724 was " a
recently established paper." Read of White-
friars was at this date publishing another
Hal/penny Post.
Andrews, ii. 340, says : —
" Another cheap Evening News, the London
Evening News, which afterwards took the title o
The Day, was tried at a halfpenny, but brok<
down before long."
I suppose this refers to The Day, which
having existed for about twenty years
merged into Stoddart's New Times, 1817.
MB. BOBBINS will probably be familiar
with the fact that The Clerkenwell New,
began in 1855 as a halfpenny newspaper.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
BLACK BANDSMEN IN THE ARMY (US. iii
287, 336, 370).— Black musicians were
no means confined to the British Army
Alfred Assollant, in his historical nove
. ' La Croix des Preches ' (Paris, E. Dentu
1877), mentions negro trumpeters as serving
in France with a regiment of German cavalrj
(to which he gives the title " des dragons d
Royal-Allemand " ) during the seventeenth
century. From Assollant' s two volumes
make the following extracts : —
" Cinq compagnies de dragons — en tout
peu pres trois cent hommes — faisaient leur entr6
dans la ville, le sabre nu, le mousquet haul
portant des torches allum^es et pr6ced6s de di
trompettes negres dont Faspect barbare effra
yait tout le monde." — Vol. i. p. 127.
" Pour dire la v£rite jusqu'au bout, malgr6 le
son bruyant des trompettes et le defile des dix
egres qui soufflaient dans leurs instruments avec
ne force epouvantable, la consternation regnait
ans la ville." — Vol. i. p. 193.
" Quatre dragons a cheval parurent les
remiers, precedes de six trompettes n egres." —
rol. ii. p. 383.
T. H. BARROW.
23, Henrietta Street, W.C.
Were not coloured bandsmen first in-
roduced by Marlborough ? Not long ago
! saw an engraving representing that general
urrounded by his staff at, I think, the battle
>f Blenheim, 'all the officers being mounted ;
and one of the figures was that of a negro
,rumpeter. N. W. HILL.
New York.
BISHOP BARTHOLOMEW VIGORS (11 S. iii.
289). — The entry in the Matriculation
Register of Trinity College, Dublin, runs as
'ollows : —
" 1663. Vicesimo tertio die Maij,
(Pupillus) Bartholomew Vigers [sic], pension-
arius.
(Par ens) ffilius Urban i Vigers P'sbiteri.
(^Etas) Natus annos novemdecim.
(Ubinatus) Natus Tautonise in Com itatu Devon ias.
( Ubi educatus) Educatg ibidem sub Mro Crab.
(Tutor) Dr Ward."
ERSKINE E. WEST.
Cowper Gardens, Dublin.
HOLWELL FAMILY : J. PIGOTT : J.
POWER (11 S. ii. 528; iii. 74, 111, 192,
272). — If the 39th Regiment was also named
Adlercron's Regiment, there would seem
to be a slight discrepancy in the statement
made by W. S. that Ensign John Pigott,
whose commission to the 39th Regiment is
dated 5 January, 1750, was promoted to his
captaincy in this regiment on 6 May, 1772.
According to Exshaw's Magazine of
February, 1763, p. 112, "John Pigott, Esq.,
was appointed Ensign to Adlercron's Regi-
ment." The Army List has Lieut. John
Pigot to be captain in the 39th Regiment,
16 May, 1778, by purchase, vice Thomas
Cuppage ; and on 15 August, 1778, Capt.
Lieut. John Pigot of the 39th Foot to be
captain in the 56th Foot in place of John
White. Finally, Lieut. William Wilson of
the 56th Regiment takes Pigot's place in the
39th Foot. There seems to have been an
exchange.
Besides, Lieut. John Pigott, whose com-
mission in the 39th Foot as ensign is dated
5 January, 1750, is out of this regiment in
1758 ; and he may have been the prisoner
of the Black Hole, 1756, and at Plassey
1757, with his brother-in-law (?) John Power,
A.D.C. to General Clive.
ii s. m. JUNE 3, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
433
There is no doubt that John Adlercron
was colonel of the 39th Foot in 1756, but
whether this or another regiment was named
after him I am unable to say.
WILLIAM JACKSON PIGOTT.
Manor House, Dundrum, co. Cork.
MANSEL FAMILY (11 S. ii. 269, 533 ;
iii. 151, 215, 354). — The following book was
included in Mr. Bertram Dobell's Catalogue
189, 1910 :—
"413 Genealogical. — Maunsell's (B. G.)
History of Maunsell or Mansel, and of Crayford,
Gabbett, Knoyle, Persse, Toler, Waller, Warren,
White, Winthrop, and Mansell, of Guernsey,
illustrated, roy. 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Cork, 1903."
RONALD DIXON.
46, Marlborough Avenue, Hull.
AEISTOTLE ON EDUCATION (11 S. iii. 107,
258). — Pope makes use of the same thought
in ' The Dunciad,' iv. 269-70 :—
Then take him to develop, if you can,
And hew the Block off, ancUget out the Man.
The wording of Pope and Warburton's
note in the edition of 1742 strengthens one's
impression that we have here a case of
indebtedness to The Spectator : —
" A notion of Aristotle, that there was originally
in every block of marble, a Statue, which would
appear on the removal of the superfluous parts."
EDWABD BENSLY.
BIBLES WITH CTJKIOUS READINGS (11 S. iii.
284>. — In the list of curiously named Bibles
the following, noted by Mr. Slater in his
* Library Manual/ 1892, may perhaps deserve
to find a place : —
The "Wife's Bible," 1549.— Tyndale's
New Testament was so named from the
reading in 2 Cor. x. 11, * Let hym that is
soche thinke on his wyf e " instead of "on
this wise."
It may also be noted that the " Place-
makers' Bible," referred to ante, p. 284, is
sometimes known as the "Whig Bible."
W. S. S.
MILTON BIBLES (11 S. iii. 1, 70, 109).—
Mary Milton's birth is given wrong as 1645
(for 1648), ante, p. 1, col. 2, 1. 40.
THUBSTAN MATTHEWS.
MABBIAGE RELATIONSHIPS (US. ii. 506).
— A variant of the Japanese story given
by me at the above reference occurs in
Sakuden's ' Seisuish6,' completed in 1628 A.D.,
torn. vi. chap. v. par. iv., and reads thus : —
" Minamoto no Yoshitsune, the famous com-
mander, when travelling to the eastern pro-
vinces [1185 A.D.], happened to put up in a house
with his retainer Benkei [for whom see 10 S. x.
453]. The latter asked the hostess how many
children she had, and was answered, ' I have six,
and my husband six, so we have nine children
altogether.' Benkei could not comprehend her
meaning after a night's cogitation, and the next
day he engaged himself so profoundly in con-
tinuous thought of it that he found himself seven
miles behind his master when he succeeded
in solving the puzzle. Forsooth, her meaning
had been this : the husband has three children
by his former wife, and three others by this
wife ; and this wife has three children by
her former husband, and three others by her
present husband ; hence they have nine children
conjointly."
KUMAGUSU MlNAKATA.
Tanabe, Kii, Japan.
PUTNEY BOWLING-GREEN (11 S. iii. 369).
— The Putney Bowling-Green was near the
spot where the obelisk now stands on Putney
Heath. According to Ernest Hammond in
' Bygone Putney,' it existed there over two
centuries ago : —
" It was considered one of the finest hi the
country, and during the eighteenth century was a
fashionable place for breakfasts and evening
assemblies. In The London Gazette, No. 2963, for
1693, we find the following advertisement :
' This is to give notice that Ed. Cockett at Charing
Cross hath taken the Bowling-Green House on
Putney Heath, where all gentlemen may be enter-
tained.'
" Mackay, writing in 1724 about this bowling-
green, says that ' the citizens resort twice a week
and I have seen pretty deep play ' ; while Defoe
had likewise seen good play here. Towards
the close of the eighteenth century the house was
rebuilt as a private residence, and was for some
time occupied by William Pitt."
GALLOWAY FBASEB.
Strawberry Hill.
Murray's ' Handbook of Surrey,' 1865,
says that William Pitt lived for some years
at Bowling-Green House, which was on the
north side of Putney Heath (where it joins
Wimbledon Common), and died there
23 January, 1806. Not far off, by the
north side, stood a small country inn, where
the various parties interested in the great
statesman's life were accustomed to apply for
information and to leave their horses and
carriages. T. SHEPHEBD.
" NEVEB SWAP HOBSES WHEN CBOSSING
THE STREAM " (US. iii. 269, 358). — At p. 270
of vol. iv. of the ' History of the United
States from the Compromise of 1850,' by
J. F. Rhodes (London, 1899), I find the
following passage : —
" In reply to a delegation from the National Union
League, who congratulated him [on his nomination
as the Republican candidate for the Presidency in
18641, Lincoln made use of apt and memorable
words. * 1 do not allow myself,' he said, ' to sup-
pose that either the Convention or the League have
434
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JUNE 3, ion.
concluded to decide that I am either the greatest
or best man in America, but rather they have con-
cluded it is not best to swap horses while crossing
the river, and have further concluded that I am
not so poor a horse that they might not make a
botch of it in trying to swap.'"
The remark, as it may be observed, is
within inverted commas ; and a foot-note
gives the reference to Lincoln, ' Complete
Works,' vol. ii. p. 532, with the addition :
" The remarks are somewhat differently
given in Applet on' s ' Annual Cyclopedia,'
1864, p. 789." J. R, FITZGERALD.
After Lincoln had been nominated by the
"Union and Republican Convention" for
re-election as President, a deputation from
the " Union League of the Loyal States "
waited on him on 9 June, 1861, and assured
him of their support. In replying he
said : —
" I have not permitted myself, gentlemen, to
conclude that I am the best man in the country ;
but I am reminded in this connection of a story of
an old Dutch farmer, who remarked to a companion
once that ' it was best not to swap horses when
crossing a stream.' " — Raymond's ' Life and Public
Services of Abraham Lincoln,' New York, 1865,
chap, xviii. (p. 560).
JAN KUYPER.
The question asked by POLITICIAN is
easily answered. In his * Reply to a Dele-
gation from the National Union League,'
9 June, 1864, Lincoln said : —
" But I do not allow myself to suppose that either
the convention or the League have concluded to
decide that I am either the greatest or the best man
in America, but rather they have concluded that it
is not best to swap horses while crossing the river,
and have further concluded that I am not so poor a
horse that they might not make a botch of it in
trying to swap."— Nicolay and Hay's 'Abraham
Lincoln : Complete Works,' 1894, ii. 532.
But while this proves that Lincoln used
the expression in 1864, it does not follow
that he was the first to use it ; and my
impression, though I am unable to support
it with proof, is that I have met with it
earlier. ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
"WAIT AND SEE" (11 S. ' iii. 366). — In
Keene's cartoon ' Indian Curry,' referring
to the trouble with Afghanistan, which
appeared in Punch on 12 October, 1878,
Beaconsfield says to John Bull, " Rather
hot, sir," and the reply is, " Well, yes,
I think I'd better wait and see what's
coming." W. H. DAVID.
If it is not a colloquial commonplace,
this expression wears in its aspect some-
thing suggestive of an old acquaintance
It is so obviously suitable as an effective form
of retort, that one feels it must have done
duty long before it received Parliamentary
favour. A literary example occurs in Robert
Buchanan's ' Poet Andrew,' which appeared
in the * Idyls of Inverburn ' in 1861. A
tribute to the author's friend, David Gray,
the poem takes the form of a monologue
delivered by the father of its luckless sub-
ject, and contains this passage on the old
weaver's attitude towards his neighbours
and their ridicule of his adventurous
son's dallying with literature :—
0 sir, the thought of this spoil'd many a web
In yonder — tingling, tingling, in my ears,
Until I fairly threw my gloom aside,
Smiled like a man whose heart is light and young,
And with a future-kenning happy look
Threw up my chin, and bade them wait and see.
Since writing the above, I recall, what
1 should have been able to do before,
Buchanan's ' Tom Dunstan ; or the Poli-
tician,' with its apposite refrain : —
He prophesied men should be free !
And the money-bags be bled !
" She's coming, she's coming ! " said he ;
" Courage, boys ! wait and see !
Freedom's ahead ! "
THOMAS BAYNB.
WALL CHURCHES (11 S. iii. 287, 377).— I do
not know how the case may be with respect
to St. Mary at the Wall, Colchester: but'
I believe that the church at York mentioned
in Drake (p. 315) as St. Helene, super
muros, Aldwark, was not actually incor-
porated with the walls. Mr. Davies,
discoursing of a street called Aldwark, says
that " the name was in use as early as the
time of Edward III., but the church which
stood in the street and was afterwards known
as ' St. Ellen ad Muros ' was at an earlier
period called ' St. Elene in Werk-dyke.'
This leads to the conjecture that the street
was originally formed on the line of the
dyke or ditch, and werk or wall of the city,
and took its name from that circumstance"
(' Antiquarian Walks through York,' p. 37).
In his * Historical and Descriptive Account
of Valladolid, &c.,' Mr. A. F. Calvert says
of Avila (p. Ill) :—
" Built into the city wall at its eastern end is the
noble cathedral of San Salvador It is perhaps
the finest example extant of the fortress church of
the Middle Ages. The oldest part is the apse which
makes a pronounced bastion or projection in the
city walL" ST. SWITHIN.
Exeter has its Allhallows-on-the- Walls,
or, as Stapleton's Register describes it,
"Omnium Sanctorum juxta, muros Civita-
tis Exoniensis." The ancient Saxon church
us. HI. JUNE 3, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
436
stood almost at the foot of Fore Street
Hill, or quite close to the city walls
Jenkins says it was actually situate on the
walls, and appears to have been erected
" as an additional defence to the city walls,
and it was converted to that purpose
during the siege of the city by the Parlia-
ment army, the Royalists having placed a
culverin on it, which greatly annoyed the
besiegers and occasioned the demolition
of the church though the tower received
very little damage." On the 27th Oct.,
1657, the Corporation passed the following
resolution : —
" Whereas the roof of the parish church of All-
hallows on the Walls and a decayed wall adjoining
thereto is become very dangerous and likely to fall,
to the great danger and hurt of people passing near,
it is hereupon agreed and ordered that the roof be
taken down, and such part ot the said wall, as
shall be conceived necessary."
It, however, appears that the church was
sold to the parishioners on the llth May
following for 331. 6s. 8d. The three bells
in the tower were subsequently disposed
of for 301. , and Oliver says
" the unserviceable church continued an eyesore and
nuisance until the decision to erect the Exeter new
Bridge, when it was utterly demolished in May,
1770."
A new church was erected some distance
away, but quite close to the City walls, the
foundation stone being laid by the Bishop
of Exeter on the 4th April, 1843.
W. G. WILLIS WATSON.
19, Park Road, Exeter.
In Oxford Michael guarded two gates and
Peter the other two : —
Invigilat portze auatrali boreseque ^Michael
Exortum solem Petrus regit atque cadentem.
The well-known Norman tower of Si>
Michael at the North Gate was almost, if
not quite, upon the wall, and formed an
additional fortification to the North Gate
(with Bocardo the prison above it) as well
as acting as the belfry of its adjoining
church.
St. Michael's at the South Gate lay just
outside the town wall, and was removed
by Wolsey to obtain room for the south-
west'corner of the great quadrangle (Tom
Quad.) of Cardinal's College (now Christ
Church). The ancient church of St. Peter's
in the East lies a little within the wall ; as
did St. Peter le Bailey (i.e., in the Bailey of
the Castle), which was rebuilt in 1874 at a
greater distance from the site of the West
Gate and northwards of its original position.
A R BAYLEY.
" ORGEAT " (11 S. iii. 388).— The horchata
de chufas is still one of the delights and solaces
of the summer in Madrid, and on hot days
the horchaterias are always full in the after-
noons. No doubt the liquid was originally
expressed from barley (though creme d'orge
has become a soup), but it is now always
made from sweet almonds. It is of the
consistency of milk, or perhaps a little thinner,
and is always iced (not frozen). It is a
most delicious drink, and is much nicer than
the " milk " of cocoa-nuts, to which it has
a slight affinity. So far as I know, it is
simply made by subjecting the fresh almonds
to pressure. S. G.
Orgeat is at the present day a syrup
frequently made of sweet and bitter almonds,
lemon-juice, barley-water, sugar, orange-
flower water, and rectified spirit.
T. SHEPHERD.
Littre gives the following quotation from
Bern, de Gordon, Traduct., iv. 4. (14th cen-
tury) : —
" Et se nous voulons faire orgeat, ostes 1'escorche
de 1'orge et le laves en plusieurs eaues donlces, puis
la cuyses autant que chair de yache, puis le broyes
trestout en ung mortier, et puis destrempes en lait
d'amelles, et le coules, et le cuises a petit feu tant
qu'il commence a especir."
Lait d'amelles is probably a mistranscript
for lait d'amandes. JOHN HODGKIN.
Orgeat is mentioned by Miss Edgeworth
in ' Belinda,' chap. xiii. S. B.
JAMES BALLANTYNE'S KELSO PRESS (11 S.
iii. 347, 396). — In addition to the books
already mentioned as being printed at the
Border Press by the Ballantynes may be
mentioned * Eve of St. John : a Bolder
Ballad,' by Walter Scott, Esq., Advocate,
4to, 1800. * Sale Catalogue of the Library
of John, Duke of Roxburghe,' 8vo, 1813:
this library was sold in Lauder's Ball Room,
Kelso, 16 September, 1813 ; there were
1383 lots. 'Life of Prof. C. L. F. Gellert,'
translated from the German, by Mrs.
Douglas, 8vo, 3 vols., 1805. ' An Apo-
logy for Tales of Terror : a Thing of
Shreds and Patches,' and was the
first book printed by James Ballantyne.
In the Proceedings of the Edinburgh Biblio-
graphical Society for 1894 there is a most
interesting and valuable paper on the book
by Mr. George P. Johnstone, the Secre-
tary of the Society. There was a first edition
of Douglas's * Journey from Berne to Eng-
and,' published in 1796.
In connexion with the office there was
a good jobbing printer's business. The
436
NOTES AND Q IT ERIES. tn s. m. JUNE 3, 1911.
imprints on most of the file copy bear the
name of Alexander Ballantyne. In these
days Kelso possessed a theatre, which
was regularly patronized by the different
companies. One bill shows that on 18 No-
vember, 1803, there was produced at it
the ' Wheel of Fortune,' in which the part
of Roderick Penruddock was taken by Mr.
Kemble. On the same occasion a favourite
song of that time, ' Bonaparte, or the
Threatened Invasion,' was sung by Mr.
Stansfield. Another of the pieces in
which Mr. Kemble appeared was ' Douglas ;
or, The Noble Shepherd,' in which
he acted the character of Old Norval ;
the ' Miller of Mansfield ' afforded him the
opportunity of representing John Cockle.
At this theatre one of the pieces produced
was the * Spoiled Child ' by Mrs. Jordan.
There is no evidence when the play was
over, but the doors were opened at half-
past 5, the performance commencing at 7.
- The building which has been so long asso-
ciated with the Mail is situated with a
frontage to Bridge Street, the rear portion
abutting on Abbey Row. In its present
condition it is much in the same state as
in the days of the Ballantynes. The edi-
torial office is in the front, while the com-
posing room occupies the upper portion of
the back premises, and the printing presses
are down below. In the front portion are
an old desk and chair, which, according to
the traditions of the office, are part of the olc
furnishings of the place. An old printing
press which did duty in the Ballantyne
days was removed on account of old age
about forty years ago ; but there is stil
to the fore an eight-day clock of" the grand
father type which used to stand in th<
printing office.
At the present time I am compiling a lis
of books printed in Jedburgh and Kelso
If W. S. S. or any other reader will kindlj
send me a note of any books so printec
(title, year, printer's name, size of book
and number of pages — selling price if ob
tainable), which may be in their possession
I should be glad of the information.
J. LINDSAY HILSON.
Public Library, Kelso.
" CAPPING " AT SCOTTISH UNIVERSITIE
(US. iii. 386). — Are we to understand fron
the explanation of " capping " at the abov
reference that the undergraduates at Scottis
Universities go bare-headed until such tim
as they take their degree ? At Oxford th
meaning of " capping " used to be that th
newly fledged graduate was salaamed to b
is scout and other college servants, who
ouched their caps to him with politic and
idlfully simulated admiration. Thus we
nd in ' Verdant Green ' (last page) : —
" Of course, Mr. Verdant Green and all the new
lachelors are most profusely ' capped ' ; and, of
purse, all this servile homage — although appre-
iated at its full worth, and repaid by shillings
nd quarts of buttery beer — of course it is most
rateful to the feelings, and is as delightfully
itoxicating to the imagination as any incense of
"attery can be."
BLADUD.
Sir George Trevelyan, in his ' Horace at
Athens,' describing a scene at the confer-
ment of degrees, made the undergraduates
n the gallery shout " Cap, cap, cap, cap, you
noodle ! " This passage, which has dis-
appeared from later editions, seems to
require elucidation. OXONIENSIS.
In confirmation of Principal Donaldson's
explanation of the capping of students at
Scottish universities, when they proceed to
}he degree of M.A., in the quotation from
The Globe of 4 April given by A. F. B. it
s interesting to note that the word "manu-
mission " occurs as a designation of gradua-
tion. Th.e w ord will be found in the ' Records
of the Presbytery of Inverness and Dingwall '
(1643-1688), p. 3, published by the Scottish
History Society. ALEX. W ARRACK.
Oxford.
SANCTUARY RINGS (11 S. iii. 347).—
Perhaps somebody may be more fortunate
than I was in being able to find a sanctuary
knocker which I had read of in connexion
with one of the doors of Noyon Cathedral.
I sought it with some care, but it eluded
me. I note that Murray's ' Guide ' speaks
of a fine brass knocker of the thirteenth
century on the W. " central " doorway.
I was much amused to see at Saint-Omer
(Pas de Calais) above the S. doors of Notre
Dame two inaccessible bronze rings of which
a local handbook said :—
" Les deux anneaux de bronze place's au-dessus
des portes, et qui sont ant^rieurs au XIIIe siecle,
rappellent probablement le souvenir du droit
d'asile, dont profitait au moyen age tout re"fugie
parvenant a empoigner les anneaux du meine
genre attaches aux portes de certaines e'glises ou
leurs d£pendances. Les abus de ce droit d'asile
n'ayant pas tarde" a se produire, on fit appliquer,
comme on le voit ici, ces anneaux a une hauteur
assez grande pour que personne ne put de"sormais
y atteindre."
I think there is a rapper of refuge on a church
door at Nuremberg, of which I cannot now
recall the dedication. It is not mentioned
in any book that I have at hand. All Saints',
ii s. in. JUNE 3, i9iL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
437
Pavement, York, is proud of its knocker,
which looks as if it might at once comfort
and alarm a clinging criminal. It is rather
surprising that Beverley cannot show an
example. In the neighbourhood are frag-
ments of three crosses which marked the
line of sanctuary. ST. SWITHIN.
WILLIAM EVATT, CLERK OF THE HOUSE
OF COMMONS 1784-1802 (11 S. iii. 367).—
This is pure myth. No person of that name
was Clerk of the House of Commons during
the period specified or at any time since
the Restoration. • The succession since that
time is as follows : —
1660. William Jessop.
1661. William Goldsborough.
1684. PaulJodrell.
1727. Edward Stables.
1731. Nicholas Hardinge.
1748. Jeremiah Dyson.
1762. Thomas Tyrwhitt.
1768. John Hatsell.
1820. John Henry Ley.
1850. Sir Denis Le Marchant.
1871. Sir Thomas Erskine May.
1886. Reginald F. D. Palgrave.
1900. Archibald J. S. Milman.
1902. Sir Courtenay P. Ilbert.
ALFRED B. BEAVEN.
Leamington.
ROBERT ROLLO GILLESPIE AT VELLORE
(11 S. iii. 348, 397).— For an account of
the mutiny at Vellore, and the part that
Oillespie took in quelling it, see Fortescue's
' History of the British Army,' Book XIII.
«hap. xv., and Kaye's ' Sepoy War,' Book II.
chap. i. The first-named authority gives
a fuller description of the actual rising and
the fighting that ensued, while Kaye gives a
more detailed history of the events which
led to the outbreak.
It is a pity that this incident should,
apparently, be so little known, as it must
«ver remain a signal instance of what can
be done by energy, decision, and prompti-
tude. Had these qualities been shown in a
similar degree at Meerut, and other stations
when the great mutiny broke out 51 years
later, Kaye's History might never have
been written ! T. F. D.
The account of the mutiny at Vellore in
Wilson's ' History of the Madras Army
voL iii. pp. 177-190, is taken from omcia
sources, and may be relied upon. Ii
includes the relief by Col. Gillespie and his
(the 19th) regiment of Dragoons from
Arcot. FRANK PENNY.
MR. E. L. H. TEW will find a good account
of the mutiny at Vellore and Col. Gillespie' s
action therein in ' The History of the British
Army,' by the Hon. J. W. Fortescue (Mac-
millan & Co., 1910), vol. vi. pp. 40-47. The
authority cited is Wilson's ' Madras Army :
Life of Sir Rollo Gillespie.' See also 'D.N.B.,'
.v. ' Gillespie.' C. W. FIREBRACE.
LAWRENCE STREET, ST. GILES' S-IN-THE-
FIELDS (11 S. iii. 309, 398).— In the 1755
edition of Stow's ' Survey,' vol. ii. p. 84,
n the description of the streets in St. Giles' s-
n-the-Fields, Maynard Lane is described
as falling into " Laurence Lane." The name
3ertainly cannot be derived from Sir Thomas
^.awrence, who was born in Bristol in 1769.
ALFRED SYDNEY LEWIS.
Library, Constitutional Club, W.C.
As an old inhabitant of St. George's,
Bloomsbury, having been born there in
1825, at 64, Russell Square, next door to
^o. 65, where Sir Thomas Lawrence lived,
allow me to dissent from the quaint sug-
gestion that the obscure little street
above named, situated in another parish,
received its name from him. It will be
found as early as 1732, under the name of
Laurence Lane, off High Street and near
Maynard Street, St. Giles's (the same situa-
tion as that ascribed to Lawrence Street in
the Post Office Directory for 1904) in the
" New Remarks of London "&c., " collected
by the Company of Parish- Clerks," printed
MDCCXXXII. G. E. C.
PHYSICIAN'S CANE (11 S. iii. 168, 194).—
Since the query was printed I have dis-
covered among family heirlooms an interest-
ing example of the gold knob of a physician's
cane. This has heavily carved in relief
upon it the crest of ancestors who had a
fashionable practice in Dover Street, Picca-
dilly, and around St. George's, Hanover
Square, during the last half of the eigh-
teenth century. The crest is a " pelican
upon a wheatsheaf, plucking its breast
to feed its young." Its wings are raised
and a ruby is set in for its eye. With this
crested knob are the little "eye-holes"
which were set in the side of the cane, and
through which the card bearing silken tassels
was threaded. This was used by John Kemp
of Dover Street (and " of Clitterhouse,
Hendon ") during his father's life, and after-
wards by his son Daniel Kemp, who con-
tinued his father's practice at Dover Street
until 1794, when he served with the Army in
Holland, dying there in the execution of his
duty. The above John Kemp obtained his
438
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. JUNE 3, 1911.
medical certificate at St. Bartholomew's
Hospital in 1762, and Daniel qualified as a
surgeon at St. George's Hospital in 1792.
The crest is similar to that used by the Kemp
baronets of Norfolk and Suffolk and by the
Kentish knights of the name and was used
by the Kemp(e)s of Hendon from Queen
Anne's time, if not earlier. It will be found
on their tombs in Hendon Churchyard,
and was exemplified to the first Hitchin-
Kemp in 1868. FRED. HITCHIN-KEMP.
Clyderhous, 51, Vancouver Road,
Forest Hill, S.E.
"MAY FAIB" (11 S. iii. 329, 377).— The
attribution of this to the Rev. George
Croly seems to rest upon the statement by
Allan Cunningham in his " Biographical
and Critical History of Literature of the
Last Fifty Years' (1833), but I take leave
to doubt if it be correct. ' May Fair '
was published in 1827 by William Harrison
Ainsworth, afterwards the novelist, who,
soon after his marriage with the daughter
of John Ebers, a publisher in Bond Street,
London, took over his father-in-law's busi-
ness, and carried it on for about a year and
a half. If Croly did indeed write the book,
he took immense pains to conceal the fact,
both in the text and the foot-notes with the
cryptic initials appended to them. Of the
former, such lines as the following may be
instanced : —
Reader, hear my mystery,
No dabbler with the Muses I ;
No working member of the corps,
I lounge along an easy life,
Untroubled with a muse or wife ;
No flutterer hi the crowd of Blues,
I neither kiss their lips nor shoes.
But the lately published ' William Harrison
Ainsworth and his Friends,' by S. M. Ellis
(1911), seems to go far to negative Croly 's
authorship. At pages 161 and 162 are
printed two letters from Ainsworth to his
intimate friend James Crossley of Man-
chester, the first dated 12 March, 1827,
where he writes : —
" I am just on the eve of publishing a fashion-
able jeu d 'esprit called May fair ; it is a very
smart affair, and will, no doubt, prove a hit."
This was followed by a further letter : —
" I have the pleasure to send you a copy of a
little book I have just published — Mayfair —
which is causing a great sensation in town.
Everybody says it is the best thing of the sort
extant, and beats Luttrell hollow it is by a
distinguished member of Brooks's and Crockford's,
and has occasioned much talk and scandal hi the
Blue Coteries."
If this may be accepted, it is placed beyond
doubt that Croly was not the writer, for
even if it were possible to imagine him a
member of Brooks's Club, no supposition
of him at Crockford's can be entertained.
Mr. Ellis says that ' Mayfair ' was a vast
success and exhausted two editions. The
late Mr. William Bates inquired as to the
authorship in 1870 (4 S. v. 274), but without
result. W. B. H.
QUEEN VICTORIA'S MATEBNAL GREAT-
GRANDMOTHER (11 S. iii.. 387). — Henry
XXIV. of Reuss (Lobenstein and Ebersdorf),
according to Wappen-Almanach der Souver-
ainen Regenten Europa's (1842), married on
28 June, 1754, Caroline Ernest., Gr. v.
Erpach. WILLOTJGHBY A. LITTLEDALE.
This lady was Caroline Ernestine, daughter
of George Augustus, Count of Erbach-
Schonberg. She married Henry XXIV. of
the younger line of Reuss, Count of Plauen-
Ebersdorf, on 28 July, 1754, and died
22 April, 1796, in her sixty-ninth year.
W. F. PRIDEAUX.
" WHEN SHE WAS GOOD," &c. (11 S. iii. 128,
234, 271, 333).— The following extract from
" The Home Life of Henry W. Longfellow,
Reminiscences .... by Blanche Roosevelt
Tucker-Machetta," New York, 1882, states
positively that Longfellow acknowledged
the authorship of the lines. Writing of one
of her visits to the poet's home she says
(p. 89) :-
" A slight controversy here ensued, and from
epitaphs we veered around to poetry. Up to the
present time I had taken but little share in the
conversation. A momentary lull gave me a
chance to speak, and not interrupt.
' Yes,' said I, deliberately, when all had
finished, ' there is no* accounting for the rubbish
that will in spite of judicious weeding find its-
way to publicity ; the authors are never known,
and perhaps it is as well. I can at present only
call to mind one instance, under the head of
poetry, which runs as follows :. or ' — I stopped
with an inquiring look around, and half hesitat-
ingly ventured to retract my implied idea of
repeating it.
In vain — an earnest * Pray go on,' ' continue,'
hi which the professor's voice was uppermost in
the chorus, positively insisted on hearing the
aforesaid ' rubbish ' ; clearing my throat, I
began : —
There was a little durl,
And she had a little curl
That hung in the middle of her forehead,
When she was dood,
She was very dood indeed,
But when she was bad she was horrid.
" I looked up triumphantly as the last line
rang out. Depict, imagine, my confusion when
the poet raised his eyes, and with a fa hit 'smile-,.
us.m.ju>-E3,i9ii.j NOTES AND QUERIES.
439
said : ' Why ! those are my words, are they not
Annie,' turning to his youngest daughter, who at
the moment was gracefully coming through the low
window opening out on the terrace, at the same
time repeating the identical rhythm that but a
moment before I had signalized as a sample of
' rubbish.'
" Miss Annie looked up laughingly, and said
in her cheery voice, ' Why, of course, papa, that
comes in your nursery collection. Don't you
remember when Edith was a little girl, and didn't
want to have her hair curled, you took her up
in your arms, and shaking your finger at her,
commenced, ' There was a little girl,' &c. The
poet laughed, they all laughed, and I, in spite of
my discomfiture, joined hi the general merriment."
JOHN TRUE LOOMIS.
Washington, D.C.
'BELGRAVIA,' A POEM (US. iii. 329, 377).
— Will MR. R. A. POTTS please accept many
thanks for the information he gave me
respecting the above-named poem ? I am
still at a loss to know where I should be most
likely to obtain it. BETTY LAWRENCE.
The Ryelands, Hereford.
SHAKESPEARE AND THE PRAYER BOOK
(11 S. iii. 301, 391).— If MR. MCELWAINE
will look at my note again, he will see that
I have quoted "pickers and stealers"
from ' Hamlet,' W. C. B.
on
Grace Book A : containing the Records of the
University of Cambridge for the Years 1542-89.
Edited by John Venn. (Cambridge University
Press.)
THE title of this volume is enough to show its
interest to historians and all who wish to know
about the earlier life of Cambridge. The Graces
iu themselves are clothed generally in dull Latin,
and so far as they concern degrees are of no great
interest ; but there are others which concern
the executive business of the University, and
contain a great deal of moment for the expert.
The admirable Introduction by Dr. Venn will
put readers in the way of realizing the problems
and facts here brought before them, and will
show incidentally how much the University still
retains from earlier days in its modern system.
The Caput, the executive body of the University,
" was only superseded by the present " Council
of the Senate " during the reforms introduced in
1860," and some present reformers have noticed
with satisfaction that in Elizabethan days this
important body was up to date enough to have an
average age of j'ust thirty-one.
Among other matters discussed hi the very
interesting Introduction are the absence till com-
paratively recent times of a real order of merit
iu examination, and the meagre connexion between
tbo fact of being high in honours and a fellowship.
The curious privilege of the foundation ers of
King's College, who obtained the B.A. and M.A.
without any University examination, is also con-
sidered, and still remains somewhat obscure.
Dr. Venn concludes that the claiming of exemp-
tions began about 1510-25, but that examination
was not avoided till much later. It is odd that
such a privilege shoxild not have been clearly ex-
plained, and traced to its beginning hi some
record or other.
A series of admirable indexes complete the work,
which, with its predecessors, forms an invaluable
contribution to University history.
The Coronation of Edward the Seventh : a Chapter
of European and Imperial History. By John
Edward Courtenay Bodley. New Issue with a
New Preface. (Methuen & Co.)
WHEN this book was first published our late
Editor, Joseph Knight, wrote of it in ' N. & Q.'
for 1 August, 1903, that " to some extent it is
a condensed account of the nineteenth century,"
and pronounced it to be " at once a companion
and a supplement to the same author's ' France,' "
and as such likely to occupy " a permanent
place in literature."
The Preface to this new issue, dated St. George's
Day, 1911, is full of thoughtful suggestions, and
forms a valuable addition, for although it occupies
only about thirty pages, in these is given a survey
of the march of events since the Coronation of the
late King, but nine years ago. " In our own
history of that short period," says Mr. Bodley,
" one feature stands out prominent. Amid the
break-up of old political parties and assaults from
all sides upon the British Constitution which were
not anticipated when the last reign began, the
stability of the Throne has been confirmed. The
influence of the Crown gives promise of becoming
stronger than it ever has been, and of being
' a bond of union ' in a larger sense than that which
Burke applied to those words when he so de-
scribed the British Crown at the tune of the French
Revolution."
Mr. Bodley then proceeds to " examine the
general courses of the enhanced power and value
of the Crown in our nation, at a period of change
the like of which the human race has never seen
before." The " mechanical age " which was just
beginning in 1838 with the application of steam
and electricity to means of production, of loco-
motion, and of communication was " preparing
a revolution more profound than any political
or social reform devised by lawgivers or demanded
by people. . . .In Europe and America the effects
of the mechanical age are only just now being
realized. They are so overwhelming as to bewilder
the most attentive observers " : and the reason
why they have not been rightly \mderstood is
" because the men who until the other day were
directing the affairs and the thought of peoples
were born under conditions which now belong
as completely to the past as those of the seven-
teenth and eighteenth centuries."
Mr. Bodley is not among the pessimists, and
maintains that the age in which we are living is
not decadent, but " an age of transition, so rapid,
so over-ruling that all the standards whereby
human genius and power have been measured
are being transformed under our eyes " ; and he
predicts that the reign of our present King " will
see more marvels performed by the human race
than that of any one of his predecessors."
440
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. in. JUNE 3, 1911,
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JUNE.
MESSRS. S. & E. COLEMAN'S Tottenham Cata-
logue, Third Series, No. IV., contains deeds and
various documents relating to the United States.
One is the agreement, made 17 March, 1720,
between Joshua Gee, Thomas Russell, and other
English ironmasters to purchase lands in Mary-
land ; another recites a deed between Letitia
Penn and her father William Penn, 1680, and
relates to 5,000 acres in Pennsylvania. Other
documents are connected with Carolina, Florida,
Georgia, Honduras, New York, Virginia, &c.
There are in all nearly three hundred items.
Mr. Alfred Cooper's Hammersmith Catalogue 92
contains a general selection of books at moderate
prices. The first 24 vols. of The Art Journal:,
half-morocco, 1850-72, may be had for 51. 5s. ;
Finden's 'Gallery,' folio, morocco, fitted into tin
case with padlock and key, 51. (published at 63Z.) ;
4 French Masterpieces in Fiction,' edited by
Edmund Gosse, 12 vols., 1904, 21. 2s. ; and
Froude's ' England,' 12 vols., 11. 10s. There are
items under Classics and Oriental.
Mr. Francis Edwards sends a Supplement to
his Catalogue of Books, Maps, and Views relating
to the Topography of Great Britain and Ireland.
There are eleven hundred items, of which we
note a few. Dugdale's ' Monasticon ' with
' St. Paul's,' in all 9 vols., folio, large paper, blue
levant, 1817-30, is 551. ; Chatelain's ' Views,'
1750, 11. 10s. ; Nichols's ' Bibliotheca Topo-
graphica,' 18 vols., 4to, 1780-1820, 40Z. ; Pen-
nant's Works, 11 vols. in 10, 4to, full calf, a fine
set, 61. ; Stothard's ' Effigies,' 4to, half-morocco,
1817, 4Z. 10s. ; Atkyns's ' Gloucestershire,'
folio, 1768, 51. 10s. ; Boys's ' History of Sand-
wich,' 2 vols., 4to, half calf, 1792, Ql. 15s. ; and
Hasted's ' Kent,' 4 vols.,. folio, green levant by
Bedford, Canterbury, 1778-9, SQL The first item
under Leicestershire is Nichols's ' History,'
4 vols. in 8, large paper, red levant by Holloway,
1795-1815, a fine copy of a grand book, 150Z.
Boydell's * Thames,' 2 vols., folio, half morocco,
1794-6, is 131. ; and Lysons's ' Environs of Lon-
don,' 10 vols., 4to, morocco by Hayday, with
1,486 additional views and portraits, and some
original drawings, 1811, 901. A complete set of
the Transactions of the Royal Society, 1665, to
1906, is 250Z. ; the sixth and best edition of Stow,
2 vols., folio, calf, 1754-5, 81. ; and an early and
clean copy of Wilkinson's ' Londina Illustrata,'
large paper, 2 vols., folio, half-russia, 1819-25,
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[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
10 (K0rasp0ni&ntts.
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ii s. m. JUNE 10, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
441
LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 10, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 76.
NOTES:— Roger Ascham and Textor, 441— B and G con-
fused in Domesday, 443— Bully vanb : Bulfin : Bulflnch—
Macaulay and Silius Italicus, 444— Carlyle on Cromwell's
Head— Henry, Duke of Suffolk, 445— Bedford Library—
Auguste Jal— Hockley-in-the-Hole : Broadsword Contests
—A Murderous London Boatman of 1586, 446— Rousseau
and Voltaire, 446.
QUERIES : — " Sefton," a Carriage — Peter the Great's
Portrait— Manzoni's ' II Cinque Maggio '—Mistress Kathe-
rine Ashley, 447— Commander Hume— Chevalier Comyn—
John Sylvester— Chartres Cathedral— Macaulay's Ances-
try— Swammerdam's ' History of Insects ' — Prebendary
Patrick Gordon— Job or Jope Family, 448— 'A Sentimental
Journey to Margate ' : ' Rhoda ' — Commonwealth Church
in Wilts—" Souchy "—Elizabeth Harrison's ' Miscellanies '
— Col. Mason's Coffee-House—Ralph Piggott, Catholic
Judge— T. Gent, Printer— R. Dann— P. Dehany— G. Dela-
place— Ewbank Family, 449— Voltaire on the Bible-
Worcester House, Thames Street— Archbishop Stone of
Armagh— Moor, More, and Moory-Ground, 450
REPLIES :— Duroure Family, 450— Dogs and other Effigies
on Brasses, 451 — Judge Jeffreys and the Temple Organ —
Father Quiroga— " That man is thought a dangerous
knave," 452— Milton in Ireland— Fishing in Classical
Times — Ananias as a Christian Name— Coronation Biblio-
graphy—Suppressions in ' Pickwick'— The Collar of SS,
453 — Clarkson Stanfield — Clergymen as Esquires —
Uttoxeter's First Book — Authors Wanted — ' Ralph
Roister Doister,' 454— Horsewhipping of the Duke of
Bedford— Roeites and Wroeites, 455— Weight of 1588—
Christian Names used by Men and Women— Co wper's
'Charity,' 456— Ballantyne's Kelso Press— " Perth roat "—
Hanoverian Regiment— Siege of Derry— Bonar & Co.—
' The British Critic '— " O.K.," 458.
NOTES ON BOOKS :-'The Fortunes of Nigel'— Reviews
and Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
ROGER ASCHAM AND IOANNES
RAVISIUS TEXTOR,
IN his ' Toxophilus,' printed A.D. 1545,
Ascham says on p. 83 (Mr. Arber's reprint,
1868):—
" And here I must nedes remember a certaine
French man called Textor, that writeth a boke
whiche he nameth Officina, wherin he weueth vp
many brokenended matters and settes out much
rifraffe, pelfery, trumpery, baggage and beggerie
ware clamparde vp of one that would seme to be
fitter for a shop in dede than to write any boke."
The following passage shows how Ascham's
ire was excited : —
"But why I bringe in Textor was this : At
laste when he hath rekened all shoters that he
can, he sayeth thus, Petrus Crinitus wryteth,
that the Scottes which dwell beyonde Englande
be verye excellent shoters, and the best bowmen
in warre. This sentence whether Crinitus wrote
it more leudly of ignoraunce, or Textor con-
firmeth it more piuyshlye of enuye, may be called
in question and doubte : but this surelye do I
knowe very well that Textor hath both red in
Gaguinus the Frenche hystorie, and also hath
hearde his father or graundfather taulke (except
perchaunce he was borne and bred in a Cloyster)
after that sort of the shotynge of Englishe men,
that Textor neded not to have gone so piuishlye
beyonde Englande for shoting, but might very
soone, euen in the first towne of Kent, haue founde
suche plentie of shotinge, as is not in al the realme
of Scotland agayne. The Scottes surely be good
men of warre in theyr owne feate as can be :
but as for shotinge, they neyther •can vse it for
any profyte, nor yet wil chalenge it for any prayse,
although master Textor of his gentlenesse would
give it them. Textor neaded not to haue fylled
vppe his booke with suche lyes, if he hadde read
thestorye of Scotlande, which loamiesMaiordoeth
wryte : wherein he myghte haue learned, that
when lames Stewart fyrst Kyng of that name,
at the Parliament holden at Saynt lohnnes
towne or Perthie, commaunded vnder payne of a
greate forfyte, that euerye Scotte shoulde learne
to shote : yet neyther the loue of theyr countrie,
the feare of their enemies, the auoy dying of
punishment, nor the receyuinge of anye profyte
that myght come by it, coulde make them to be
good Archers : whiche be vnapte and vnfytte
therunto by Gods prouidence and nature. Ther-
fore the Scottes them selues proue Textor a Iyer,
bothe with authoritie and also daily experience,
and by a certayne Prouerbe that they haue
amonges them in theyr communication, wherby
they gyue the whole prayse of shotynge honestlye
to Englysshe men, saying thus : that euery
Englysshe Archer beareth vnder hys gyrdle.
xxiiii. Scottes."— P. 84.
Now who was this man whom Ascham so
fiercely attacks and brands as a liar ?
Jean Tixier, seigneur de Ravisi, latinized
into Joannes Ravisius Textor, was a dis-
tinguished scholar in his day. He was not
born in a cloister, as Ascham sneeringly
suggests, but at Saint Saulge, Nievre, whence
he calls himself " Nivernensis," about the
year 1480, and died at Paris on 4 December,
1524, when the author of ' Toxophilus '
was about nine years old. In 1520 he was
Rector of the University of Paris. The best-
known of his works is his ' Officina, vel
Naturae Historia per Locos,' which was
published in 1522, and was often reprinted.
It is a sort of encyclopaedia, and contains,
much curious information very well arranged
and fortified by references to the autho-
rities quoted. Ascham's acquaintance with
this work was very slight, if we believe what
he says : " I loked on [it] by chaunce in the
bokebynders shope, thynkynge of no suche
matter" (p. 83). The Jew Apella may
believe that ; I do not for good reasons.
I have a copy of the edition in two volumes,
printed at Venice in 1574, and am able to
name the chapter which the author of
' Toxophilus ' must have carefully read,
and from which he got some hints for his
more extended treatment of the subject.
The heading is ' Sagittarii et laculatores
442
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. ni. JUNE 10, 1011.
peritissimi,' and is followed by a somewliat
dry list of names from Latin poets and
writers. It must be admitted that Ascham
works up the history of famous bowmen
\\ith great skill and literary power, and justly
prides himself on " all the examples whiche
I now by chaunce haue rehersed out of the
best Authors in greke and latin " (p. 83).
He severely reproves the compiler of the
' Officina ' for mentioning " Domitian and
Commodus the emperours " in his list of
bowmen " bycause they were noughtie
persons " ! It is manifest that he had
ft:]died this particular part of the work with
the utmost care. It is near the end of this
chapter that Textor quotes the words which
so roused Ascham's ire. They are as
follows : " Crinitus ait Scotos (qui uicini
sunt Britannis) in dirigendis sagittis acres
esse et egregios " (Pars Prima, p. 188).
No reference is given, but the author of
' Toxophilus ' must have been well acquainted
with the writer mentioned, for he not only
tells us his Christian name " Petrus " in
dis text, but refers to him in the margin
thus : " P. Grin. 3. 10."
Why Ascham should have directed all his
" Artillarie " (p. 86) against the Frenchman
Tixier or Textor, because he happened to
cite a few words, from the Italian Riccio or
Crinitus, as his name was latinized, is a
matter that admits of no explanation. Both
of them were dead when the " great Cock
Master " (Strype's ' Life of Sir Thomas
Smith,' p. 221) presented a copy of his
' Toxophilus ' to Henry VIII. Had Textor
been alive when he was thus so unreasonably
assailed he would have returned his aggres-
sor's abuse with interest, if we may judge
from what he says in his * Prsefatio in suam
Officinam,' where he first blames " some
unknown half -taught Englishman" ("nescio
quis semidoctus Anglus ") for daring to
contradict Erasmus, and then thunders
against another critic who had spoken with
contempt of his fellow-countryman, Gugliel-
mus Budseus (Guillaume Bude), called by
Erasmus " the wonder of France " on
account of his learning : —
" Audio et f uisse quemdam nebulonem, qui
opus doctissimi et eruditissimi Budaei de Asse
dixerit esse velut otiosum, infrugiferum, ac
nemini utile, et non magni referre cognoscere,
quae sint partes assis, quam varies ponderum et
nummorum species, cuius nomen si compertum
haberem, peius cruce et furca lueret, nee ad
commiserationem me flecteret, etiam si fleret
sanguine. Te ne oportuit, nebulo, perperam de
tanto Galliae monstro [Erasmus's expression]
iudicare, tantumque virum putida tua censura
proscindere ? . . . .et te non pudet immundum ex
ore tuo sterquilinium in hunc vomere ? "
There is more of it, but this will serve as a
specimen of hew learned men abused each
other in the then " universal language."
In his dedication to Henry VIII., Ascham
says : —
" And althoughe to haue written this boke
either in Latin or Greke (which thing I wold be-
verie glad yet to do, if I might surelie know your
Graces Pleasure there in) had been more easier
and fit for my trade in study, yet neuerthelesse, I,
supposinge it no point of honestie, that mi com-
modite should stop and hinder ani parte either
of the pleasure or profite of manie, haue written
this Englishe matter in the Englishe tongue for
Englishe men." — P. 14.
It is well he did so, for he thereby became*
one of the best of our eaily prose w liters in
point of style, and as regards matter, one
of the most interesting. His acquaintance
with Greek was superior to that of Textor,.
who does not show any knowledge of it in
his ' Officina,' but has a command of Latin
which, from the specimens I have seen,
Ascham never reached. In a golden sentence-
our countryman says : —
" He that wyll wryte well in any tongue muste
folowe thys councel of Aristotle to speake as the-
common people do, to thinke as wise men do ;
and so shoulde euery man vnderstande hym, and
the iudgement of wyse men alowe hym." — P. 18.
Ascham • seems to be right when he-
contends that the Scots never were dis-
tinguished for their skill in the use of tho
bow. On p. 88 he tells us that it was " ye-
stoute archers of Cheshire and Lanchasshire"
who slew King James with many a noble
Scot at Flodden Hill in 1513, and as her
was born two years later he may have heard
the history of the battle from some one who
fought in it on that September day so
calamitous to Scotland. In the words of
Sir Walter Scott :—
Tradition, legend, tune, and song
Shall many an age that wail prolong :
Still from the sire the son shall hear
Of the stern strife, and carnage drear,
Of Flodden's fatal field,
Where shiver'd was fair Scotland's spear,
And broken was her shield !
Again, Ascham says on the same page : —
" The feare onely of Englysh Archers hathe
done more wonderfull thinges than euer I redde
in anye historye greke or latin, and moost wonder-
full of all now of late beside Carlile betwixt Eske-
and Leuen at Sandy sikes, where the hcole
nobilite of Scotlande for fere of the Archers of
Englonde (next the stroke of God) as both
Englysh men and Scotyshe men that were present
hath toulde me were drowened and taken
prisoners."
So convinced were the Scots of their
inferiority in archery to the English that
at the battle of Pinkiecleugh or Musselburgh,
ii s. in. JUNE 10, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
443
fought in 1548, they brought to their aid
" four thousand. Irish archers," who were
the first " that ran away " (see Patten's
' Expedition into Scotland ' in ' Tudor
Tracts,' Constable & Cc., London, 1903,
p. 113). It was here, says Mr. A. F. Pollard
in his introduction to the volume, p. xix,
that " the Protector [Somerset] inflicted on
the Scots one of the most crushing defeats
in the whole of their history." It is there-
fore manifest that neither Scots nor Irish
could overcome our English bowmen. Could
the French ? Textor does not dare to say
so, but he quotes an Italian's words for the
purpose, as Ascham thinks, of decrying the
skill of his own nation in the use of the
weapon. That seems to be the reason of his
furious outburst against the Gaul, who
purposely avoids any mention of our bow-
men's exploits in his own country. One
of them is thus related in our old writer's
book with a little pardonable exaggeration :
" Kynge Henrie the fifte a* prince pereles and
moste vyctoriouse conqueroure of all that euer
dyed yet in this part of the world, at the battel
of Agin court with VII. thousand fyghtynge
men, and yet many of them sycke, beynge suche
Archers as the Cronycle sayeth that mooste parte
of them drewe a yarde, slewe all the Cheualrie of
Fraunce to the nomber of XL. thousand, and rnoc ,
and lost not paste XXVI. Englysshe men." —
' Toxophilus,' p. 87.
Roger Ascham is one of the most English
of all our English writers.
JOHN T. CUBBY.
B AND G CONFUSED IN DOMESDAY
AND FEUDAL AIDS.
THOSE who have devoted much time and
attention to the study of the Domesday
Survey of Cornwall have hitherto regarded
Gluston of the Exchequer copy and Glustona
of the Exeter version as identifiable with the
manor of Blisland in the Hundred of Trigg.
Bliston (Bluston in the ' Testa de Nevill ')
is undoubtedly that manor now known as
Blisland, a change which is paralleled in the
present-day name of Climesland for the old
manor-name of Climston. The exact cause
of this confusion of terminal ton and land
is not quite clear. It apparently is not due
to aural confusion, such as we get in the
case of Marazion with its seventy variant
spellings. It is, perhaps, the submerging of
the actual name of the town by a similar
name for the district or township immediately
surrounding the original steading.
This, however, is not the chief point of
interest in connexion with this identification
of a Domesday manor-name. The interesting
feature is not in the terminal, but in the
initial part of the name.
Why, if this identification be correct,
should there be G in place of B as the initial
letter ?
B is not a consonant that easily evolve*
from g. The labial and the throat letters
are in their production as widely separated
as any two sets of consonants can be.
It apparently is not a case of organic
evolution such as one gets when t becomes
d, or either dental becomes s (a peculiar
feature in Cornish place - names), or when;
p becomes / (ph), or when di becomes j.
It is not a case, I am disposed to think, of
aural confusion, where one scribe, writing
from dictation, mishears Bl, and puts down
01.
It looks as if it is a matter of palaeography,
and as if the scribe, when he made from a
roughly written draft the fair copies which
are now at Exeter and in the British Museum,
misread Gl for Bl.
A careful examination with a lens of the
facsimile copy (would that the Record Office
facsimiled the Exeter version !) furnishes,
however, no support to this theory. The
G's and the B's are easily distinguishable.
This is certainly the case in the script of the
Exchequer copyist, who, nevertheless, may
not have drawn up the original rough
drafts. Every capital G is distinctly a G,
and uniform with the others, except, per-
haps, the second g in Gargalle (col. 9 in the
facsimile of Cornwall).
That some confusion between G and B
forms existed is inferable from a consideration,
of the Feudal Aid of 1306 (for Cornwall),,
wherein Gloyou occurs for Bloyou, God-
rugan for Bodrugan, Godbran for Bodbran,
Gotriaus for Botriaus, Gere for Bere, and
Gruere for Bruere. In only one of these
is the combination with I met with, namely,
Bloyou.
That the original name for Bliston was
a trisyllabic word beginning with G, and
having an, at present unknown, vowel
(representable by an asterisk) immediately
succeeding it and preceding the 6, as
G*bliston, is a theory that might be put
forward ; but its claims to consideration are
weakened by the examples of G and B con-
fusion met with in the Feudal Aids.
One way out of this difficulty, but a way
which lands one in further and more serious
difficulties, is to identify Gluston with Glaz-
don in St. Germans, Clusion in Lansallos,
or Gluvias(ton) in Gluvias. Sir John Mac-
lean, however, advances facts which strongly
444
NOTES AND QUERIES. in s. HI. JUNE 10, ion.
point to the identification with Bliston as
being correct, and we must leave the poten-
tial identifications named above to be dis-
cussed by others if they should consider it
necessary. The question is one that can only
be settled by experts in palaeography and
linguistics, and to them we must leave the
further consideration of the subject.
The importance of the matter lies in the
possibility of substituting B for an initial G
in such Domesday manors beginning with
G as are not easily identified unless we
make such a substitution. Luckily all other
G manors in Cornwall are fairly easily iden-
tified, but in other counties perhaps the case
is different, and a remembrance of such a
confusion of G and B may be productive of
good results. J. HAMBLEY HOWE, M.B.
BULLYVANT : BULFIN : BULFINCH.
(See 8 S. v. 469 ; vi. 72, 239.)
THE following instances are the results of
some fairly extensive researches among
early records for references to Bullivant,
Bulfin, and Bulfinch : —
1080. Bulgeuen, hund. de Berdestapla, Essex
(now Bulphan). Domesday.
1318. Bulevaune, presentation to the church of
Essex. Patent Bolls.
1318. Bowlewefan, John Lescewe de, Essex.
Patent Rolls.
1320. Bolefynch, Robert, of Kenilworth. Close
Rolls.
1327. Bolefynch, Robert, of Eltham. Patent
Rolls.
1329. Bulfinche, Robert, of Kenilworth. Close
Rolls.
1340. Bulfynch, Robert, warrener of the King's
warren of Kyngesden. Close Holls.
1397. Bolfynch, Henry, of Assho, co. Warwick.
Cat. of Anc. Deeds, I.
1418. Bolfynch, John. Intrantes of Canterbury.
1428. Bolephen, Ecclesia de, Essex. Feudal
Aids.
1430. Bulfyne, John, Canon in Chichester
diocese.
1438. Bulfynch, Thomas, of Withyham, Sussex.
Chancery suit.
1467. Bulfynch, Hugh. Chancery suit.
1469. Bulfynch, Nicholas, chaplain at Hove-
kirk, Calais. Patent Rolls.
1488. Bulfinch, Richard, D.B., rector of Ickham,
Kent.
Wulffen, Wulfwine, &c. Onomasticon
Anglo-Sax.
The above, as will be seen, are all earlier
than 1500. As well as can be judged from
the records consulted, the place Bulphan,
in Essex, xioes not seem to have given rise to
a, personal name. Although I am far from
suggesting that Bulfinch is connected with
Bulphan, it is as well to bear in mind the
tendency of names to approximate to the
appellations of familiar objects and quali-
ties. In the devolution of names, the
imitation of sounds is quite a natural pro-
gression, and is accountable for more object
and quality names than is, perhaps, ima-
gined.
After 1500 Bully vant is frequently found,
in various forms : Bulivant, Bullifont,
Bollivant, &c. (see parish registers of
Worksop and Perlethorpe, co. Notts,
Leicester, Lichfield, and Northants wills,
and general references). As to the termina-
tion vant, Mr. E. McClure has some notes
on vent in his ' British Place-Names ' which
may lead to an explanation.
To turn to Ireland, where the personal
name Bulfin is found, O'Hart (' Irish Pedi-
grees') includes it among the families
descended from Heremon, but he gives
nothing to support the statement, as far as
I am aware. He also classes Mulfin with
Bulfin. There are places mentioned in Irish
records as Ballyfin, Ballyfene, Ballyvantane.
Perhaps these could be from Bally (baile) a
town, and Fin (fionn), fair, handsome : Fin is
also an ancient personal name. Bally
occasionally becomes Bui (and Bol), for
instance Ballygidden, Bulgedin, Bulle-
gidine. I do not wish to push the inference,
because I am under the impression that
place-names in Ireland have not often given
rise to family names. There are, however,
many place - names drawn from family
names, or rather of which family names
form a part.
With regard to Buttyvant, may we hope
for some other explanation than Batez en
avant, which savours of the old heraldic
writers? Walter de Coventry chronicles
the building of a castle, called Buteavant,
on an island in the Seine by King Richard
in 1198, and the King of France built one
opposite called Guletut. LEO C.
MACAULAY AND SILIUS ITALICUS. — I trust
it is no sign of ingratitude for Dr. Tyrrell' s
brilliant contributions to scholarship and
literature if I protest against a state-
ment in his second article on ' Our Debt to
Latin Poetry as distinguished from Greek,'
appearing in the Nineteenth Century for
May : —
" Macaulay admired the ' Punica ' greatly
It is as hard to account for the admiration of
Macaulay as for his depreciation of Goldsmith's
exqui-dte tale ' The Vicar of Wakefield,' the more
so as the battle pieces of Silius, with their single
combats, archaisms, and anachronisms, vividly
call to mind similar blunders amusingly exposed
by Macaulay in the ' Satan ' of Robert Mont-
gomery."— P. 879.
us. m. JUNE 10, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
445
It would certainly be hard to account for
such an admiration, but is there any occasion
for us to try ? We turn to the Appendix
in Trevelyan's ' Life,' and find Macaulay's
opinion of the * Punica ' among the pencilled
notes in his Greek and Latin books : —
" Finished Silius Italicus ; for which heaven be
praised ! [hardly a grace after meat !] December
24, 1835. Pope must have read him before me.
In the ' Temple of Fame,' and the ' Essay on
Criticism,' are some touches plainly suggested
by Silius;"
When dealing with ' The Life and Writings
of Addison ' Macaulay shows us pretty
plainly what he thought : —
" The folly of Silius Italicus, in particular,
is positively nauseous. He undertook to record
in verse the vicissitudes of a great struggle between
generals of the first order; and his narrative is
made up of the hideous wounds which these
generals inflicted with their own hands."
I do not remember where it is that Mac-
aulay depreciates ' The Vicar of Wakefield,'
but I do remember that by a slip of the pen
he wrote at the beginning of his essay on
Warren Hastings, " It would be unjust to
estimate Goldsmith by * The Vicar of Wake-
field,' or Scott by the ' Life of Napoleon,' '
and so it appeared in The Edinburgh Review.
Sir G. O. Trevelyan comments :• —
" It is difficult to conceive any calamity which
Macaulay would regard with greater consternation
than that, in the opening sentences of an article
which was sure to be read by everybody who
read anything, he should pose before the world
for three mortal months in the character of a
critic who thought ' The Vicar of Wakefield ' a
bad book."
When the essays were collected the falsa
lectio gave place to ' The History of Greece.'
EDWARD BENSLY.
CABLYLE ox CROMWELL'S HEAD. — In view
of the recent controversy about Cromwell's
head, the following extract from an un-
Eublished letter, written by Carlyle to my
ither in 1849, may be interesting : —
There does not seem the slightest sound basis
for any of the pretended heads of Oliver. The
one at present in yogue was visited the other day
by a friend of mine ; it has hair, flesh, beard,
a written history bearing evidence that it was
purchased for £100 (I think, and a bad debt)
about 50 years ago, — it also appears to have once
had resinous unguents, or embalming substances
in it, and to have stood upon a spike: — likely
enough the head of some decapitated man of
distinction ; but by the size of the face, by the
very width of the jawbone, were there no other
proof, it has not any claim to be Oliver's head. A
professional sculptor, about a year ago, gave me
the same report of it. "A very much smaller
face than Oliver's ; quite another face." The
story told of a high wind, a sentinel, &c., is
identical with what your old neighbour heard long
since of the_.Oliver head in the shape of a scull.
In short the whole affair appears to be fraudulent
moonshine — an element not pleasant to glance
into, especially in a case like Oliver's.
I remain always
Yours with sincere thanks,
T. CARLYLE.
A. L. F.
HENRY, DUKE OF SUFFOLK. — Among the
uncalendared proceedings in the Court of
Requests temp. Elizabeth, bundle 377, is
a letter, in a very shaky handwriting, to
Messrs. Ralph Rokeby, John Herbert, and
Dr. Awbrey from John, Bishop of London,
concerning a suit between Thomas Fenton
and Frances his wife, naming herself
Frances Anne Fortune, plaintiff, and Thomas
Duport, Esq. The plaintiffs suppose the
said Frances the base daughter of Henry,
late Marquess of Dorset, and afterwards
Duke of Suffolk, and that the said Duke in his
lifetime delivered to Thomas Duport £100
in money, and certain goods and chattels,
to the use of the said Frances, which sup-
posed delivery defendant upon his oath
denied. Bishop Aylmer says : —
I have thought good to signify my knowledge
and opinion concerning the premises, the rather
as I was divers years resident and abiding in ye
said Duke's house, having the charge of instructing
and teaching of ye lady Jane, his eldest daughter
and of ye residue of his children, and also of ye
children of divers other noblemen. These are
therefore to certifie that the said Duke of Suffolke,
during the time y* I was towards him, which was
about 14 or 15 yeres after he came to his lands,
even till his decease, was not knowen or reputed
to have any such base daughter y* ever I heard of.
It is now one and fifty yeres or very nere there-
about since my first entertainment into ye service
of y e said Duke, and if he had begotten any such
base child neere the time of my first coming to
him, it is very like the same would have been
discovered and knowen during mine abode with
hym so many yeres. And touching the gent him-
self, I meane Mr. Duport, he hath alwaies, to my
knowledge, ben taken to be of such upright and
sound dealing towards all men, that I am fully
perswaded of him he would not wittingly speak
untruly upon his othe, to gain the whole Kingdom.
Further, I do remember in yc time of my service
imployed towards ye said Duke of Suffolk, he,
the said Duke, had in his house a certain chaplen
called Cowper, a man not only unlerned, but also
reputed to be of dissolute and loose life and con-
versation. Thus much I thought convenient to
signifie unto you at ye special instance of mine old
fellow and friend Mr. Duport, for ye more playne
and manifest declaracion of y* truth in this behalf,
the further tryall whereof I referr to your own
good consideracion, and so do cqmmitt you to y*
merciful protection of yc most mightie.
From my house in Paules Churchyard this
6th November, 1590. Your very loving friend
in Christ, JOHN LONDON
In such ways do slanders often rise.
C. C. STOPES.
446
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JUNE 10, 1911.
BEDFORD LIBBABY. — At the present
moment, when attention has been drawn
to this institution by the attempted sale
of its principal treasure (Bunyan's Foxe),
it may perhaps be serviceable to note that in
The Gentleman's Magazine for August,
1817 (pp. 135-6), mention is made of other
valuable works belonging at that time to this
library. R. B.
Upton.
AUGUSTE JAX. — While trying to verify
•Querard's Christian name (see 11 S. ii. 410)
I came across the name of this great bio-
grapher, and, oddly enough, there seems
to be the same kind of error with regard
to his forename as there is with respect to
Querard's.
Jal died at Vernon on the 1st of April,
1873, and on looking up my note (4 S. xii.
186) at t«he time of his death, I find that I
Called him Augustin. Now Otto Lorenz
in his ' Librairie Francaise,' Larousse in his
' Grand Dictionnaire,' Georges Vicaire's
'Manuel1 (1907, vol. iv. p. 515), and our
National Library Catalogue all call him
Auguste. Jal also signed himself Gustave
Jal. The authority I had for Augustin is
that of Jal himself. The title and preface
to his * Dictionnaire de Biographie et
d'Histoire ' are only signed " A. Jal,"
but on p. 1346 in the index we read " Jal
(Augustin). See p. 10." On that page
we find his signature to the preface, so there
is not the slightest doubt as to the identity.
As to his origin, he says see p. 1027. At
this page he is writing about a man who was
annoyed because some one had disclosed the
fact that his father was a baker. Then Jal
says that his own father was a baker, and
that he (A. Jal) was born at Lyon 13 April,
1795.
In the above I was referring to the copy
of Jal's dictionary at our National Library,
then in the Reading-Room. Since then
I have referred to my own copy, in which
the seven or eight hundred errors of various
kinds that are corrected by Jal in the
twenty columns of errata on pp. 1327-36
are all noted. Then I find among the
errata, p. 1334, col. 2, for the date of his
birth, instead of 13th read "12 avril." He
gives, other references about himself, but
he omits one to p. 867, where he mentions a
portrait of himself by Madame de Mirbel.
Besides this, in ' A. Jal : Souvenirs d'un
Homme de lettres, 1795-1873,' Paris, 1877,
p. 13, Jal says he was born " 12 avril, 1795."
The ' Souvenirs ' is a very interesting account
of Jal's life by himself, edited and published
by a person who does not give a name. It
is one of the books the late H. S. Ashbee
bequeathed to the " English nation," and
is the only copy in the National Library. It
is still uncut, except the pages I have opened
in order to try to find Jal's correct forename,
but without result. RALPH THOMAS.
HOCKLE Y - IN - THE - HOLE : BROADSWORD
CONTESTS. — Steele in The Spectator (No. 436)
describes a broadsword contest that he
witnessed at this resort in Clerkenwell, and
evidently both " James Miller, serjeant
lately come from Portugal," and " Timothy
Buck of Clare Market " were very much in
earnest. Yet in No. 449 a writer adds that
he overheard at an alehouse two masters
of the science of defence agreeing to quarrel,
and when this was settled one asked of the
other, " Will you give cuts or receive ? "
The other answered, " Receive." And so
the contest was arranged.
A further interesting side-light on these
matches occurs in ' Instructions given to the
Twelve New Lights that lately sprung up
in G(uild) H(all),' London, 1712 :—
" To draw towards a conclusion, party trials
may not be improperly liken'd to those of skill at
the celebrated theatre of Hockley in the Hole ;
where he that does not lay about him lustily,
and give his antagonist ' Sweet Cuts ' — as they
are called in Bear Garden language — not only
loses his share in the Box, but his Credit ; and
it is the business of all Prosecutors to make their
articles good at any expence."
The final suggestion, therefore, is that
there could not be a prior arrangement of
the result of the contest : the crowd saw
to it that each man did his best.
ALECK ABRAHAMS.
A MURDEROUS LONDON BOATMAN or 1586.
— M. ^douard Fournier's ' Varietes Histo-
riques et Litteraires ' is an important
collection of rare French tracts, and in the
fifth volume he has reprinted, from the
only copy known, a very curious pamphlet
giving an account, true or false, of a murder
in London in 1586. The title reads : —
" Cas merveilleux d'un bastellier de Londres,
lequel, sous ombre de passer les passans outre la
riviere de Thames, les estrangloit. A Lyon,
chez Frangois Arnoullet. M.D.LXXXVI."
According to this narrative, there was
a certain Jean Visquee, a native of London,
who plied his vocation as a boatman for
a period of thirty-three years, and in the
course of that period committed eighteen
murders, and was only arrested in the attempt
at a nineteenth homicide. His boat was
to be hired at the Strand near Whitehall,
11S.I1LJUSE10.19H.J NOTES AND QUERIES.
447
end he was noted for his obliging and cere-
monious manners. One evening a customer
•came who wanted rowing across the river.
Visquee was ready, cap in hand, and too
polite to do anything but follow. The
unsuspecting gentleman preceded the boat-
man toward the boat. Visquee brought out
a concealed halter, passed it over the head
of the unlucky man, whom he was carrying
on his shoulders to the boat, when one
Pierre Marscot, who from a corner had
witnessed this transaction, drew his dagger
.and called upon him to release the victim.
Visquee put down his burden, and, being
tall and strong, thought himself able to kill
both ; but Marscot defended himself skil-
fully, and the gentleman, recovering, also
drew a poignard. Thus attacked, Visquee
made a desperate resistance, but in the end
was seriously wounded and made prisoner.
" Estant es prisons et ayant finalement
endure^ la torture, il confessa dix-huict meurtres
2u'il avoit perpetre" et mis & fin pprtant les patiens
ans sa barque a la facon susdite, et les execu-
tant illec, pour par ce moyen couvrir son larcin."
He was condemned, says our chronicler,
to be tortured with hot pincers, and
then " pendu et estrangle en la fameuse ville
de Londres, en Angleterre, ou il commit ces
crimes."
The names and the narrative are not
very convincing, but the tract is a curious
specimen of the popular literature of the
sixteenth century.
WILLIAM E. A. AXON.
ROUSSEAU AND VOLTAIRE. — In Lloyd's
Evening Post for 29 June - 2 July, 1770,
appeared the following paragraph : —
" Paris, June 18.
" The Sieur John James Rousseau, who is
expected very soon in this city, has sent forty-
eight livres to Monsieur de laTourette, Secretary
of the Academy at Lyons, as his contribution
to a scheme proposed by some men of letters,
to erect a statue to Mr. de Voltaire, in order to
perpetuate the memory of that great genius.
The letter of the Philosopher of Geneva upon this
subject was very nattering to Mr. de Voltaire ;
and shews that he has a mind above resenting
the keen sallies of a man, whose talents he
acknowledges and admires."
As Rousseau had not long previously
displayed bitter feelings towards Voltaire
because of his suspicion that " the Philo-
sopher of Ferney " was the author of Horace
Walpole's invented letter from Frederick
of Prussia to " Mon cher Jean Jacques," it
would be interesting to know what foundation
there was for any part of this story.
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
[See 10 S. vii. 326.]
(gturus*
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" SEFTON," A CARRIAGE. — On 12 January,
1898, The Times reports that " the Prince of
Wales and the Duke of York drove in
the Queen's ' Sefton ' and four.... to the
Windsor station."
What is a " Sefton " ? and was it so called
from the title of the Earl of Sefton, or from
the name of the maker ? In the latter
case the claim of the designation to be
treated as a word of the English language
may be doubtful. I should be glad to be
furnished with any additional instances of
its occurrences. HENRY BRADLEY.
Oxford.
PETER THE GREAT'S PORTRAIT. — In The
Sphere of 20 May there is a reproduction of
one of the portraits of this sovereign, and
the letterpress says that it is the only por-
trait for which his Majesty ever sat. What
is the authority for this statement ? And,
if it is true, how did Godfrey Kneller and
other artists paint their pictures of him ?
FRANK PENNY.
MANZONI'S ' IL CINQUE MAGGIO.'— Some
twenty or thirty years ago a translation of
Manzoni's ' II Cinque Maggio ' was published
in some quarterly or monthly magazine.
I should be greatly obliged to any of your
readers who could tell me in what magazine
this translation was published, end the
correct date of its publication.
D. A. CRUSE.
Leeds Library, Commercial Street, Leeds.
[A correspondent from Oregon stated at 10 S. i.
347 that a translation appeared " many years ago
in an American publication called The Eclectic
Magazine.}
MISTRESS KATHERINE ASHLEY (OR
ASTLEY) was the well-known governess to
Queen Elizabeth in her youthful days, and
her admissions or " confessions " with refer-
ence to the relations of the Princess with the
Lord Admiral Seymour proved extremely
damaging to Elizabeth (Hist. MSS. Com-
mission, 'Cecil Papers'). Both she and
her husband, John Astley, were imprisoned
by order of the Privy Council, 21 January,
1549, she in the Tower, he in the Fleet
('Acts of the P.C.'). John Astley was
speedily released, but his wife remained in
confinement for some years, that is, if we
assume she was detained the whole period
448
NOTES AND QUERIES. (n s. m. J^E 10, mi.
until the order to Sir Roger Cholmley on
20 May, 1555, for the liberation of " Kathe-
ryne Assheley, who hath of long tyme
remained in his custodie." Elizabeth, when
she became Queen, so far from showing
any feeling of animosity against her old
governess for her confessions — which, in-
deed, were extorted from her — appointed
her principal Lady of the Bedchamber,
and her husband Master of the Jewel Office —
a position retained by John Astley until his
death towards the close of the Queen's
reign. The historian Martin Hume
in his ' Courtships of Queen Elizabeth '
informs us that when Mistress Ashley lay
upon her death-bed in July, 1565, the
Queen visited her in person and mourned
her decease with great grief.
My query is, Who was this lady when she
married John Astley ? The latter was a
younger member of the Astleys of Hill
Morton, Norfolk (now represented by Lord
Hastings). He had a long Parliamentary
experience, extending from 1547 to 1589.
He was twice married. In all the Peerages
and other works of reference that I have seen
in which he is mentioned his first wife is
described as " Katherine, dau. of Sir Philip
Champernowne of Devon " — evidently in-
tended as the lady who died in 1565. If
correctly described, her father could be no
other than Sir Philip Champernowne of
Modbury, who died in 1545, and who, we
gather from Vivian's ' Visitations of Devon,'
had four daughters, the youngest named
Katherine. But this lady was not the wife
of John Astley. She was twice married:
first, about 1542, to Otes Gilbert of Compton,
who died in 1547, aged about 30, by whom
she was mother, with other issue, of the
illustrious Sir Humphrey Gilbert ; secondly,
shortly after 1548, to Walter Raleigh of
Fardell, and was mother to the immortal
Sir Walter. Her husband Walter Raleigh
lived until 1581, so that it is impossible that
she could have died wife of John Astley 16
years before. Nor can I find in the Cham-
pernowne pedigree any ofher Katherine
who married a John Astley. There is
therefore an error somewhere.
I may add that both wives of John
Astley are somewhat ambiguous as to
parentage. W. D. PINK.
Lowton, Newton-le-Willows.
COMMANDEB HUME IN 1815. — Is there
anything known about a Commander or
Capt. Hume, who is stated to have served with
the fleet blockading the Altantic coast of
France in 1815 ? W. R. PBIOB.
CHEVALIER COMYN. — Can any reader tell
me anything about the Chevalier Comyn
(of Glanmyre, Ireland ?), who lived c. 1820,
and is said to have had Spanish relations,
and to have lived partly in Ireland and
partly in Spain. ST. CLAIB BADDELEY.
Painswick, Glos.
JOHN SYLVESTEB. — It is stated in Pennant's
' Tour in Wales' that the road fromConway
to Bangor over Penmaenmawr was made by
John Sylvester. Who and what was he ?
Nothing is known about him at the Institu-
tion of Civil Engineers. This road was con-
structed in 1770, a grant towards its cost
having been obtained from Parliament in
the previous year. EDWABD WATSON.
CHABTBES CATHEDBAL. — In an article
entitled ' On Public Monuments ' in a recent
number of The Saturday Review Mr. Row-
land Strong remarked : " One must not
forget that the western facade of Chartres
Cathedral was completely painted and gilded."
Was this indeed the case ?
ST. SWITHIN.
LOBD MACAULAY'S ANCESTBY. — The
freat-grandfather of the historian was,
believe, Aulay Macaulay, born 1673, died
1758, minister of Tiree and Coll, and after-,
wards of Harris. Is anything known of
Aulay 's father ?
FBEDEBICK CHABLES WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Cardiff.
SWAMMEBDAM'S ' HISTOBY OF INSECTS.'
— It is said that this monumental work,
which was originally composed in Dutch,
was translated into English for 10?. The
original sum offered was 100?., to a man who
knew no Dutch. Can any of your readers
say where the story of the transaction is
told ? Boswell's ' Johnson,' to which I
have been referred, apparently knows
nothing of it. D. B. SEATON.
REV. PATBICK GOBDON, PBEBENDABY
OF HEBEFOBD. — What is known of this
Prebendary, who is referred to affectionately
by Hearne ('Reliquiae') as having died in
1730. Was he ever vicar of Shiplake or of
Aberley, Worcester ? J. M. BUI/LOCH.
118, Pall Mall.
JOB OB JOPE FAMILY. — Any notes respect-
ing this West of England family will be
gratefully accepted, especially in reference
to Jeremiah Job, circa 1730, of Devonshire.
Please reply direct. G. W. RICHABDS.
69, Green Lanes, Stoke Newington, N.
n s. in. JUNE io, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
* A SENTIMENTAL JOUBNEY TO MABGATE ' :
* RHODA.' — Possibly some reader can give
information as to the authoiship of two
works published in London in the reign o
George III :—
1. "A Sentimental Journey to Margat
and Hastings. By Dr. Comparative Junior.'
2. 'Rhoda,' a novel (by the author o
' Isabella ') which appears to have achievec
more than one edition. R. B.
Upton.
COMMONWEALTH CHUBCH IN WILTS. —
In an article on ' The Churches of Glouces-
tershire' which appeared in a Gloucester
newspaper in August, 1907, it is stated
of Marston Meysey, a parish in Wiltshire
that it is in the diocese of Gloucester,
and that "it is also remarkable for
having possessed the only church in
England, probably, erected during the
Great Rebellion.' '
The inscription on an interesting chalice
informs us that " this church was built
and this Cupp given by Robert Jenner,
Esq., 1648." This is referred to by Cripps
in his ' Old English Plate ' and in Nightin-
gale's ' Church Plate.'
This old church, which measured only
40 feet by 17| ft., was replaced in 1876 by
the present one, dedicated to St. James,
Apostle and Martyr.
In ' N. & Q.' there are several references to
church desecration during the Common-
wealth, but not, I think, to the erection of
a church. R. J. FYNMOBE.
Sandgate.
" SOUCHY." — Can any one kindly inform
what kind of fish a " souchy " is? The
name appeared in an old cookery-book I
saw over twenty years ago. T. S.
[Webster's ' New International Dictionary '
has : " souchet, souchie, souchy, n. Cf. O.F.
sou tie, brine, pickle. A kind of fish stew with
savory broth."]
ELIZABETH HABBISON'S 'MISCELLANIES.'
-Is anything known of the author of the
following book ? —
"Miscellanies on Moral and Religious Subjects
m Prose and Verse. By Elizabeth Harrison.
London: Printed for the Author, And sold by
J. Brickland and T. Field. 1756."
The 380 pages of which it is composed con-
tain little that would appeal to readers of
the present day, but the work was reviewed
by Dr. Johnson in The Literary Magazine,
or Universal Review (see Dr. G. Birkbeck
mil's 'Boswell's "Life,"' 1887, i. 309,
312). It includes a 28-page list of sub-
449
scribers, amongst whom are " Samuel
Johnson, M.A.," and " Mr. Hawksworth,
Author of ' The Adventurer ' " ; the whole
numbering over 700, and comprising many
well-known clerics, both Church and Non-
conformist. It would appear that a good
deal of the book was contributed by other
writers than the ostensible author.
W.B.H.
COL. MASON'S COFFEE-HOUSE. — A book
published after the middle of the seven-
teenth century was, according to the imprint,
sold at " Colonel Mason's Coffee-house in
Cornhill." Are the dates known when
this coffee-house was first opened, and when
it ceased to be Mason's ? A. T. W.
RALPH PIGGOTT, CATHOLIC JUDGE. — I
should be glad to know who Ralph Piggott
was. In a ' History of West Grinstead,'
Sussex, he is described as the last Catholic
judge. He wrote to Lord Caryll in 1724,
congratulating him that the Act which
proscribed him as an outlaw had been
repealed. JOHN PATCHING.
THOMAS GENT, PBINTEB. — The original
manuscript of the ' Life of Thomas Gent,'
written by himself, was formerly in the
possession of Mr. Thomas Hailstone. Was
it sold with the Hailstone Library, and who is
the present possessor ? It should be re-
published in its entirety.
HOBACE BLEACKLEY.
RICHABD DANN, aged 14, was at West-
minster School in 1719. I should be pleased
bo obtain any information about him.
G. F. R. B.
PHILIP DEHANY was M.P. for St. Ives
December, 1778, to Sept., 1780. I should
glad to obtain some information about
lim, especially the dates of his birth and
death. G.F.R.B.
GEOBGE DELAPLACE was admitted to West-
minster School in May, 1739, aged 12. Any
nformation concerning his parentage and
career is wanted. G. F. R. B.
EWBANK FAMILY. — I should be much
>bliged for any information relating to this
amily, or reference to books or documents
where such might be found. In Surtees's
History of Durham ' there is a short pedi-
gree of " Ewbank of Staindorp," but it is
rery incomplete. I understand that the
amily was originally a Border family from
urther north than Durham. Please reply
direct. E. STUABT SHEBSON.
39, Victoria Street, Westminster, S.W.
450
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JUNE 10, uui.
VOLTAIRE ON THE BIBLE. — Would any of
your readers kindly tell me what authority
there is for the saying attributed to Voltaire
that within a hundred years the Bible would
be a forgotten book ? I should be grateful
for a reference if there is one.
WM. FISHER.
WORCESTER HOUSE, THAMES STREET. —
Where could I see a print of this old house ?
It was situated on the south side of Thames
Street, overhanging the river. It perished
in the Fire of London.
ARTHUR N. GOULD.
Staverton, Briar Walk, Putney, S.W.
ARCHBISHOP STONE OF ARMAGH. — I
should be obliged if any one could tell me
where I could find particulars of the family
of the Most Rev. George Stone, Archbishop
of Armagh and Primate of Ireland, and of
his brother Andrew, who was Under-Secre-
tary of State in 1748. C. L. K.
MOOR, MORE, AND Mo OR Y- GROUND. —
Can any one tell me what is the origin of the
place-names of Crampmoor and Skidmore
in Hampshire ?
" The name Skidmore in the Account
Roll of Romsey Abbey, 1539, is spelt Skyd-
moure " (vide the Rev. H. G. D. Liveing's
* Records of Romsey Abbey,' 1906). It was
a farm belonging to the abbess and convent,
situated near the river Test, between Romsey
and Nursling. " Close to it is Lee, another
ty thing," says Mr. Liveing, " and here lay
the More." What precisely was a " More,"
and what does " Skid " or " Skyd " mean
with reference to a " More " ?
Mr. Liveing says that Moor Court (ad-
joining Skidmore) took its name from the
More." The late Mr. T. W. Shore, in a paper
contributed to the Archaeological Review on
' Old Roads and Fords in Hampshire,'
says :
"A few miles south of Komsey is Wade farm,
close to a branch of the Test, which appears to have
been known as the ' Wade ' in the perambulation
of the New Forest in the time of Edward III."
Moor Court at present lies nearer to the
river Test than Wade, and Skidmore is
on the opposite side of the river, and imme-
diately on its banks; Crampmoor is now
a scattered hamlet of a few cottages beside
a small stream which runs from Ampneld
(anciently Anfield) and Baddesley Common
to Romsey, where it joins the Test. It is
dignified by the name of the " Tadburne
lake" on all the old maps, and is still called
" the lake." The fields in its vicinity are
called " Moor " and " Moory-ground," and
eppear to have been reclaimed from Baddes-
.ey Common in the seventeenth century.
This is another More or Moor. One of the
tiny streams which join the Tadburne lake
s called Spittal Tadburne. I shall be very
glad to learn the origin of these various
names. F. H. SUCKLING.
Highwood, Romsey.
DUROURE FAMILY.
(US. iii. 389.)
THE inquiry of G. F. R. B. respecting Col.
John Duroure draws attention to a very
interesting family.
It was a branch of the ancient race of
Beauvoir in Languedoc, and was represented
in the first half of the sixteenth century by
Claud de Grimoard de Beauvoir du Roure,
Seigneur de Grisac and of other estates,
whose eldest son became a Protestant.
His descendant several generations later
was the refugee Fra^ois Du Roure, who
Was captain in a regiment of cavalry in the
British service. He married Catherine de
Rieutort and had two sons — Scipio and
Alexander — officers in the British army
and known as Duroure.
In 1736, under General Wade, Scipio
Duroure was Major of Brigade with ten
shillings a day. He became the lieutenant-
colonel of the 12th Foot, and then (12 August,
1741) colonel of the regiment. His regiment
served in Flanders and won great distinction
at Fontenoy. Duroure, then Adjutant-
General of the forces, was mortally wounded
in that fight, and was carried to Ath. After
lingering for a few days he died on 10 May
(O.S.), 1745, at the age of 56, and was burie'd
on the ramparts of that town. His " effects
and horses " were ordered " to be sold on
Wednesday [after 7 June] at 11 o' Clock at
ye head of ye Roy1 Drag8." He had served
for 41 years, and had received as some
additional reward of his services the sinecure
post of captain of the castle of St. Mawes,
on the north side of the entrance to Fal-
mouth harbour. His wife, whom he married
in 1713, was his cousin, Marguerite de
Vignolles.
A monument was erected by his son,
Francis Duroure, in the cloisters of West-
minster Abbey, " to preserve and unite the
memory of two affectionate brothers, valiant
soldiers and sincere Christians." Scipio
Duroure was the elder, Alexander Duroure
the younger of these brothers. Alexander
us. m. JUNE 10, MIL] NOTES AND QUERIES.
451
was born about 1691, and married in 1748
Louisa Brae hell of Hammersmith. He was
lieutenant-colonel of the 4th Foot, anc
afterwards (27 Feb., 1752) colonel of the
S8th Foot. On 12 May, 1756, ho was trans
f erred to the 4th, or King's Own Regiment
of Foot, and was promoted to be major
general 24 January, 1758, lieutenant
general 6 December, 1760. After fifty-
seven years' service he died at Toulouse on
2 January, 1765, aged 73, and was buried on
26 March in the east cloister of Westminster
Abbey. He, too, was captain of St. Mawes
Castle (D. C. A. Agnew, ' Protestant Exiles
from France,' vol. ii. pp. 280-81, vol. iii.
p. 228; A. N. Campbell-Maclachlan, 'Wil-
liam Augustus, Duke of Cumberland,' p. 216 ;
S. P. Oliver, 'Castles of Pendennis and
St. Mawes,' p. 100).
The widow of Alexander Duroure sur-
vived him, and died at Mortlake on 10
October, 1780. Peter Brtfchell of Hammer-
smith, no doubt a relation, was one of her
husband's executors (Col. Chester's ' Regis-
ters of Westminster Abbey,5 p. 405). There
was, apparently, no issue of the marriage.
For the following paragraph I am indebted
to J. G. Alger, ' Englishmen in the French
Revolution,' pp. 199-200: —
" Louis Henri Scipio Beauvoir, Comte Duroure,
was the grandson of Bolingbroke's [half] sister,
Lady Catherlough. The name Scipio, which
fitted in so conveniently with Jacobin usages and
in favour of which he dropped his other names,
had for several generations been a family one.
A Scipio Duroure, probably his grandfather,
entered the English army in 1705, and became
a colonel. He himself was born at Marseilles
in 1763, but was educated in England. He knew
Josephine, returning with her in the same vessel
from Martinique in 1791. As a * municipal '
he proposed and carried a resolution that the
3th January, the anniversary of Louis XVJ.'s
death, should be styled the fete des sans-culotles.
He did not, however, side with Robespierre, and
was imprisoned at St. Lazare during the latter
part of the Terror, nor did he again figure in
politics. Under the Empire he studied juris-
prudence and grammar, and translated Cobbett's
English Grammar. He died in 1822 in London,
whither he is said to have gone to claim an in-
heritance."
This man must have been the son of the
elder of Lady Luxborough's two daughters,
who " married a French count " (' D.N.B.,'
sub Knight, Henrietta, Lady Luxborough).
A copy of the third edition of this trans-
lation by Duroure is in the National Library
at Paris ; it is entitled
" le maitre d' anglais ou Grammaire raisonnee
pour faciliter aux francais 1'etude de la langue
anglaise. par William Cobbett 3« Edition
vue; par L. H. Scipion Duroure Paris,
loOo.
The fifth edition is at the British Museum :
it was published in 1816, and the trans-
lator then called himself Du Roure. In a
note to p. xii of the preface he refers to
Lord Bolingbroke and Lady Luxborough :
" le premier de ces auteurs etait mon grand
oncle, et 1'autre mon aieule maternelle."
John Duroure was in the Coldstream
Guards, becoming ensign on 20 June, 1768,
lieutenant 3 June, 1774, captain 15 March,
1779, and he retired from the service on
15 December, 1789. These dates are from
MacKinnon's 'History of the Coldstreams,'
vol. ii. pp. 490-91. The entries of his
marriage and death describe him as lieu-
tenant-colonel. He married at Bath on
2 June, 1790, Sarah Winn, eldest surviving
daughter of the late Thomas Winn of Ack-
ton, co. York (Gent. Mag., 1790, pt. i. p. 569 ;
Hunter, 'Deanery of Doncaster,' ii. 216);
and died at Twyford, near Winchester, on 28
February, 1801 (Gent. Mag., 1801, pt.i. p. 279).
He was elected F.R.S. on 25 May, 1780,
and remained a Fellow until his death
(Thomson, ' History of the Royal Society,'
App. iv. p. Ivii).
Francis had been elected a Fellow on
10 November, 1774, but he withdrew in
1797. He married on 15 July, 1746, Miss
Crespin, of Wallbrook (Gent. Mag., 1746,
p. 383).
Some communications about the family
of Duroure are in the 5th Series, vol. x.
W. P. COURTNEY.
[MAJOR J. H. LESLIE also thanked for reply.]
DOGS AND OTHER ANIMALS ON BRASSES
AND STONE EFFIGIES (11 S. iii. 208, 310,
376). — Dogs and other animals are commonly
found on brasses and stone effigies. We
have some excellent examples in Devonshire.
In Colyton Church there is a fine monument
— known as the Choke-a-Bone monument —
to the memory of " Margaret, daughter of
William Courtenay, Earl of Devon, and the
Princess Kathleen, youngest daughter of
Edward IV., King of England. Died at
Colcombe, choked by a fish bone. A.D. MDXII."
A dog lies at the feet of a recumbent figure
of a girl wearing a coronet.
In Axminster Church is an effigy of
Gervase de Prestaller, who held the living of
Axminster when the church of the thirteenth
century was in course of erection. Here
again is a dog at the feet. ,
A fine brass with figures of Sir Thomas
and Lady Brooke exists in Thorncombe
Church, Dorset. A dog lies at the feet of
each.
452
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JUNE 10, 1911.
f> In Alcester Church is an alabaster effigy
of Sir Fulke Grevil. He has a lion at his
feet, but Lady Elizabeth has a little dog
lying by her left foot, sabled and collared.
The date is 1560.
A dog appears on the effigy of Cicely
Bonville, Marchioness of Dorset, in Astley
Church, Warwickshire (circa 1530-35).
In North Bradley Church is a brass of
Emma, mother of Archbishop Stafford
(A.D. 1446). A dog lies at her feet.
A memorial to Lady Willoughby (who died
in 1391) in Spilsby Church, Lincolnshire,
bears the figures of two dogs with collars
and bells at her feet. A lion lies at the feet
of Lord Willoughby de Broke in Callington
Church. The date is 1502.
The monument in Broadclyst Church,
Devonshire, supposed to represent Sir Roger
de Nonant, bears a lion.
Many other instances are recorded in
Rogers' s ' The Strife of the Roses and Days
of the Tudors in the West.'
W. G. WILLIS WATSON.
19, Park Road, Exeter.
There are three rabbits on the brass of
Bishop Wyvil in Salisbury Cathedral.
A. R. MALDEN.
JUDGE JEFFBEYS AND THE TEMPLE
CHURCH ORGAN (11 S. iii. 427). — A third
edition of 'Notes on the Temple Organ,'
by the late E. Macrory, edited by M. Muir
Mackenzie, is just out, and answers MR.
UDAL'S query.
Burney 's ' History of Music ' (vol. iii.
p. 437) is quoted on p. 27 as the source of
the statement that
" the decision [between the rival organs] was left
to Lord Chief Justice Jefferies, afterwards King
James the Second's pliant Chancellor, who was of
that Society (the Inner Temple), and he terminated
the controversy in favour of Father Smith, so
that Harris's organ was taken away without loss
of reputation, it having so long pleased and
puzzled better judges than Jefferies."
Mr. Macrory added a foot-note remarking :
" I have not been able to find anything in the
Books of either Society to corroborate this state-
ment, derived by Burney from a letter written
by Dr. Tudway to his son, and it is not probable,
if the decision had been left to Jefferies, that there
would not have been some record either of his
appointment, or of the decision. It is, however,
certain that Jefferies was not ' Lord Chief Justice
at the time of the decision. ..."
He goes on to suggest that Jeffreys perhaps
gave a casting vote. The ' Notes ' point out
(p. 23) that "Lully, Queen Catherine's
organist," is a mistake made by Burney,
and should be Baptist Draghi, as corrected
by Dr. Rimbault.
A second edition of ' The Temple Church,'
by Mr. George Worley, also just out, gives
a foot-note on pp. 59 and 60 derived from
the * Inner Temple Records,' vol. iii. p. xlvi,
Introduction by Mr. F. A. Inderwick, Q.C.
This states that at the time of the decision
Jeffreys was not a member of the Inner
Temple, and that there is no reason to
credit him with a knowledge of music. He
Bimply settled the dispute as Lord Chan-
cellor, such action being customary when the
two societies could not adjust their differ-
ences by means of a conference or committee.
NEL MEZZO.
[Ms. A. R. BAYLEY refers to Mr. Worley's book,
and DR. W. H. CUMMINGS to Mr. Macrory's. Reply
from M. next week.]
FATHER QUIBOGA AND THE THIRTY YEARS'
WAR (US. iii. 409).— An English transla-
tion of Schiller's 'Thirty Years' War'
appeared in 1846, and a version of the
* History ' by Gindely (2 vols.) was published
in 1885. Barthold and Soltl are other
German authors who have handled the
theme. See also Prof. A. W. Ward's
1 Thirty Years' War,' 1869. Reference may
further be made to Archbishop Trench's
' Gustavus Adolphus in Germany,' to Mr.
J. L. Stevens' s ' Memoir of Gustavus
Adolphus,' and to lives of Wallenstein by.
Ranke, Forster, and others, as likewise to
Schiller's dramatic exposition.
THOMAS BAYNE.
The best detailed account of this war ia
Antony! Gindely 's, translated by Prof, ten
Brink (2 vols., 1886). It is based on
exhaustive research into contemporary docu-
ments. Schiller's history of the War is of
course of literary interest, but of little
scientific value. Archbishop Trench's
* Gustavus Adolphus in Germany ' depicts
one aspect of the war in interesting fashion.
I am familiar with no Father Quiroga
except the well-known Jesuit mathematician
and man of science, whose name is held in
honour in Bologna ; but he is of later date
than 1631. Quiroga is a noble name in the
province of Galicia.
D. O. HUNTER BLAIR.
Fort Augustus.
" THAT MAN IS THOUGHT A DANGEROUS
KNAVE" (11 S. iii. 367). — Lord Houghton
wrote a poem entitled ' The Men of Old,' but
the stanza E. V. L. quotes is not printed
in the poem as it appears in the 1876 edition
of his poetical works. Can it have been
suppressed ? FRANK J. BURGOYNE.
Tate Library, Brixton.
ii s. in. JUNE 10, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
453
MILTON IN IRELAND (11 S. iii. 328). — It
is to be feared that the evidence in favour
of Milton having ever been in Ireland is on
a par with that of Shakespeare's visit to
Scotland. Or rather, one should say that
there is far less evidence for the former
than for the latter theory. If Milton was
in Ireland (which none of his biographers
seems ever to have been aware of), it mus
have been during his residence in Bucking
hamshire after leaving college, or during the
time when he acted as Cromwell's Latin
secretary. Among publications credited to
his pen while secretary appears a work
entitled ' Observations upon the Articles o1
Peace with the Irish Rebels, on the Letter
of Ormond to Col. Jones, and the Repre-
sentation of the Presbytery at Belfast,"
London, 1649, 4to. Possibly the mention
of Belfast in Milton's writings may have
given rise to the notion that he was once
there. It will require, Jiowever, much
stronger evidence than has hitherto been
forthcoming to establish as a fact that he
ever set foot in Ireland. SCOTUS.
FISHING IN FRESH WATER IN CLASSICAL
TIMES (US. iii. 249, 350, 393).— Somebody
may like to be reminded of the use Shake-
speare made of the episode referred to by
PROF. BENSLY : —
Cleopatra. Give me mine angle ; we '11 to the
river : there,
My music playing far off, I will betray
Tawny-finn'd fishes ; my bended hook shall pierce
Their slimy jaws ; and, as I draw them up,
I '11 think them every one an Antony,
And say " Ah, ha ! you 're caught."
Charmian. 'Twas merry when
You wager' d on your angling : when your diver
Did hang a salt fish on his hook, which he
With fervency drew up.
Cleopatra. That time, — Outlines ! —
I laugh' d him out of patience.
'Ant. and Cleo.,' II. v. 10-19.
ST. SWITHIN.
S. S. W. (ante, p. 350) misses the point
of his Antony fish story. I do not believe
that the water near Alexandria is fresh;
but be that as it may, Cleopatra's trick on
Antony was to have a salt fish, i.e., a salted
fish, put on his hook. The story is told
in Shakespeare's ' Antony and Cleopatra,'
II- v. ISAAC HULL PLATT.
Wallingford, Pa.
ANANIAS AS A CHRISTIAN NAME (US. iii.
266, 333, 395).— L. L. K.'s reply is curious.
The^ Puritans did not require to study
the ' Acta Sanctorum ' in order to identify
the Ananias whom your correspondent
refers to as a saint of the Roman Catholic
calendar. He is, of course, one of the
"Three Children," Ananias (Hananiah),
Mishael, and Azariah, otherwise known
as Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, whom
L. L. K. will find in his Bible (Daniel
i.-iii.) and Prayer Book (Order for Morning
Prayer), without having recourse to the
tomes of the Bollandists.
D. O. HUNTER BLAIR.
Fort Augustus.
In the Prayer Book, the alternative to
the * Te Deum' at Morning Prayer is the
* Benedicite,' commonly used in Lent. This
canticle ends with an invocation of the
''Three Children," thus: "O Ananias,
Azarias, and Misael, bless ye the Lord."
The name would thus be quite familiar to
English Churchpeople. G. W. E. R.
CORONATION BIBLIOGRAPHY (11 S. iii.
345). — The following may be added to the
notes given at the above reference : —
' A Faithful Account of the Processions and
Ceremonies in the Coronation of the Kings and
Queens of England : exemplified in that of their
late sacred Majesties King George the Third
and Queen Charlotte embellished with
elegant engravings.' Edited by Richard Thom-
son. 8vo, London, 1820.
' Peter Parley's Visit to London during the
Coronation of Queen Victoria.' Square 12mo,
London, 1839.
The latter work was described at 9 S. yii.
346, 437 ; some copies were issued with
the plates coloured. W. B. H.
* NICHOLAS NICKLEBY ' : SUPPRESSIONS IN
'PICKWICK' (11 S. iii. 244, 313, 392).— The
words about Mr. Pickwick's portrait are
these : " Which portrait, by the by, he did
not wish to have destroyed when he grew a
few years older." Sorely the meaning! is
simple enough. We like the portraits
which are painted in our youth or middle
age, because we are conscious that our looks
do not improve as we grow1 older.
DlCKENSIAN.
THE COLLAR OF SS (11 S. iii. 361, 413).—
In the second column of p. 363, 11. 11, 12,
the dates of the deaths of the " three Dukes
of Somerset three times renowned " should
tiave been given as 1455, 1464 (battle of
Eexham), and 1471.
It seems worth mentioning that Collars
of SS, though nowhere mentioned in the
text of Shakespeare, are twice found in
' the order of Coronation " (of Queen Anne
Bullen) in ' Henry VlH.,' IV. i.
W. A. Cox.
454
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JUNE 10, wn.
CLARKSON STANFIELD, R.A. (11 S. iii.
409). — In the * Life and Remains of Douglas
Jerrold,' by his son, p. 23, we read : —
"Life on board a man-of-war in 1813 — even on
board a guardship at the Nore — was no holiday
work. I have often heard my father dwell upon
the great emotion with which he first ascended the
gangwav to the deck of one of his Majesty's ships.
......He liked well enough to pass hours in the Cap-
tain's cabin, to read Buffon through and through,
and to get up theatricals, aided by the pictorial
genius of foremast-man Clarkson Stanfield, afloat
in the same ship."
Jerrold, it is stated, was to j oin on 22 De-
cember, 1813, the guardship Namur, as a first-
class volunteer.
P. 107 deals with twenty years later : —
'"The Rent Day' was in active preparation in
the first days of January, 1832. Rehearsals were
going forward on the dingy stage ; and behind,
there was an artist at work for his old shipmate.
That Namur man, who was so useful in the officer's
theatricals, has turned his nautical life to account
also. Clarkson Stanfield and Douglas Jerrold, who
parted last on board the Nore guardship, shake
hands at one of these dingy rehearsals — shake
hands to become fast friends, as they shall still,
in their respective paths, push forward to their
ultimate part in the art and literature of their
common country. Some years hence they shall be
sauntering in Richmond Park, eagerly drinking in
a little fresh air, after sooty days spent in London.
There shall be other friends with them. Matters
theatrical shall bubble up in the careless ebb and
flow of the conversation ; and suddenly the. Namur
middy — still the middy, though silver is stealing
along his hair — shall cry : —
'"Let's have a play, Stanfield, like we had on
board the Namur.' "
R. J. FYNMORE.
CLERGYMEN AS ESQUIRES (11 S. iii.
409). — For an example in the seventeenth
century see 9 S. xi. 422, and for an example
in the nineteenth see 10 S. ii. 307.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
UTTOXETER'S FIRST BOOK (US. iii. 405).
— In this connexion it may be recalled that
reference has been already made in ' N. & Q.'
to Robert Richards as the printer (see
10 S. iii. 128, 176) in 1808 of the novel
' Rebecca,' of which the missing third volume
is still sought. Although this was not the
first book presumably printed in the little
Staffordshire town, it runs MR. AXON'S date
pretty close. I may add that there is a
slight difference in the length of time he
names during which Richards acted as post-
master at Uttoxeter, Dr. Forshaw giving
the dates as 1793 to 1835 only.
CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athenaeum Club.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
iii. 409). — F. T. F.'s quotation consists of
the last three lines of ' The Harp that once
through Tara's Halls,' one of the best known
of Moore's ' Irish Melodies.' It is printed
on p. 182 of the new Oxford edition of Moore's
works by Mr. A. Godley, who tells us in his
Introduction that the publication of the
' Melodies ' went on from 1807 to 1835.
JOHN R. MAGRATH.
Queen's College, Oxford.
The first of G. H. J.'s quotations, " Indus-
tria res parvae crescunt, socordia magnse
comminuuntur," seems to be a variation
of the words of Sallust, which are : " Con-
cordia parvae res crescunt, discordia maxu-
11133 dilabuntur" ('Jug.' 10). In Tacitus
(' Anna!.,' ii. 38) we find " industria " opposed
to " socordia," but not in the manner
quoted. JOHN T. CURRY.
G. H. J.'s second quotation seems a mis-
reading of Keble's verse in the poem for the
first Sunday after Easter : —
O joys that, sweetest in decay,
Fall not, like withered leaves, away,
But with the silent breath
Of violets drooping one by one.
J. D.
The lines sought by IKONA,
" Guess now who holds thee ? " " Death," I said.
But, there,
The silver answer rang,— "Not Death, but Love,"
form the conclusion of the first of Mrs.
Browning's ' Sonnets from the Portuguese,'
commencing
I thought once how Theocritus had sung.
The lines quoted by MR. BRESLAR,
Warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze, &c.,
are to be found in Pope's ' Essay on Man,'
Epistle I. 11. 273-6.
M. A. M. MACALISTER.
[Several other correspondents thanked for replies.
' RALPH ROISTER DOISTER '(US. iii. 367,
413). — According to the ' D.N.B.' and most
other authorities, Udal died in 1556. The
suggestion that the prayer for the Queen
at the end of ' Ralph Roister Doister '
was written by another hand, and at a later
date than is generally assigned, has not, I
think, been previously made. Is there any-
thing to warrant such a belief apart from
what is stated in the query ? There is
some reason to believe that ' Ralph Roister
Doister' was not completed until 1553, or
even later. It is quoted from in Wilson's
' Art of Logique,' edition 1553, but not in
the previous editions of 1551 and 1552,
ii s. ni. JUNE 10, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
455
thus indicating that it was not known to
the public at the two latter dates. There is
no difficulty in supposing that Udal added
a few lines to his play even later than 1553.
The queen can hardly have been any one
else than Mary. We must remember that
in 1554 an Act was passed " declaring that
the regall power of this realme is in the quenes
majestie [Mary] as fully and absolutely as
ever it was in any of her moste noble pro-
genitours Kinges of this realme." There is
surely no insurmountable obstacle to believ-
ing that Udal, moved by a similar spirit of
loyalty, may have added, in 1554, a few
lines to his play, in honour of the Queen.
w. s. s.
JUNTOS AND THE HOBSEWHIPPING OF THE
DUKE OF BEDFORD (US. iii. 227, 292, 375,
410). — Happening to be at Somerset House
recently, I consulted the will of Gertrude,
Duchess of Bedford, as suggested by MB.
O. W. E. RUSSELL at the last reference.
It is dated 16 November, 1786, and was
proved 1 1 July, 1794. The reference number
is P.C.C. 384 Holman. It is very short,
and contains no reference of any sort to the
alleged assault on the Duke, nor is there any
specific bequest of plate to anybody.
ALAN STEWABT.
ROEITES OF CALVEBTON : WBOEITES OF
AUSTBALIA (11 S. iii. 385). — Beyond a
similarity in the names of their founders
there is no doctrinal or historical connexion
between these sects. The Wroeites or
Christian Israelites emanated originally from
the followers of Joanna Southcott. See
Blunt's * Dictionary of Sects,' p. 107, the
notice of John Wroe in the ' D.N.B.,' and
the late J. Fitzgerald Molloy's ' Faiths of
the Peoples,' vol. i. p. 102. Blunt says :
" The sect has a larger body of adherents
in Australia than in England." During my
boyhood in Australia they were fairly
numerous, but now I believe they are practi-
cally non-existent there as an organized
body. Their popular nickname was
" Beardies," as it was an article of their
faith never to cut their hair. Wroe made
several missionary tours in Australia, and
he was most successful in the eastern suburbs
of Melbourne. The ' D.N.B.' says he died
at Collingwood, Melbourne. That is not
strictly accurate. He passed away in the
house attached to the Christian Israelite
Sanctuary in Fitzroy, a Melbourne suburb
adjoining Collingwood. Wakefield, York-
shire, is, or was, the head-quarters of the
Cliristian Israelites, and there Wroe built
himself a handsome residence, which he
christened " Melbourne House," in compli-
ment to his Australian adherents in that
city, who provided most of the funds for its
erection. As the sect is supposed to have
vanished, or nearly so, in England as well
as in Australia, it would be interesting to
know who now claims the ownership of
Melbourne House, who occupies it, and
whether the law concerning valuable pro-
perty left by departed sects has ever been
authoritatively or judicially declared in this
country. J. F. HOGAN.
Royal Colonial Institute,
Northumberland Avenue.
The Wroeites were the followers of John
Wroe, who was born at Bowling, in the parish
of Bradford, Yorkshire, in 1782, and died in
Australia in 1863. The best account of
him that I know is in Mr. Baring-Gould's
'Yorkshire Oddities,' 1890, pp. 28-58.
Many publications by and about him were
issued at Wakefield, 1834-8. Of Daniel
Milton, who claimed to be his successor,
some particulars are furnished in The
Yorkshire Post, 26 Nov., 1898. See more
in Boase, ' Mod. Engl. Biog.,' iii. 1524.
W. C. B.
The full notice of John Wroe, 1782-1863,
a native of Bowling, Bradford, Yorks, to
be found in the ' D.N.B.,' vol. Ixiii. p. 158
(1900), seems completely to negative the
idea that he, or his followers, had anything
in common with the fanatics of Calverton.
No mention of John Roe is in the ' D.N.B.'
W. B. H.
Communications that have reached me
since the appearance of my note convince
me that the imagined discovery is a mare's
nest. It seems that John Wroe was born
at Bradford in 1782, and associated cir-
cumstances, so far as I have been made
acquainted with them, afford no ground
for presuming any sort of association between
Roe and Wroe, or between the respective
sects.
One correspondent has brought to my
notice the writings of John Ward, a con-
temporary prophet of the same class, whose
advertised writings run into 16 volumes,
whereof the sixth is described as an ' Address
to the Wroeites.' I am told that a small
body of this sect continues to meet in the
present day, at or near Wakefield.
A. STAPLETON.
39, Burford Road, Nottingham.
[Some particulars of John Ward will be found at
10 S. xi.354.]
456
NOTES AND QUERIES. ui s. m. JUNE 10, 1911.
WEIGHT OF 1588 (US. iii. 408). — EL
surmounted by a large crown = Queen Eliza-
beth. "1588 A° [Anno]"=in the year
(sc. of our Lord) 1588. " AR XXX [Anno
Regni] "=in the thirtieth year of her reign.
JOHN R. MAGRATH.
Queen's College, Oxford.
Surely the inscription " El. 1588 A° Ar.
XXX." simply means the thirtieth year of
Elizabeth, 1588, the year of the Armada.
W. C. B.
CHRISTIAN NAMES USED BY BOTH MEN
AND WOMEN (US. iii. 387). — The name of
my earliest teacher was Christian Bird,
her mother bearing the same name. One of
the daughters of Sir Lawrence Alma Tadema
bears the name of Laurence. Leslie is
another name common to both sexes.
WM. H. PEET.
EL SOLTEBO may add Sydney to his list.
A country coroner the other day refused to
allow that Sydney could possibly be a girl's
name. It was, in point of fact, the name
of the second wife of the sixth Duke of
Manchester, and has been perpetuated in
that of her only daughter, Sydney, Countess
of Kintore, as well as of her granddaughter,
Lady Ethel Sydney Keith-Falconer.
D. O. HUNTER BLAIR.
Fort Augustus.
Sidney and Vivian, with spelling variations
Sydney and Vivien, are further names
common to both sexes. Hope is another.
An aunt of mine was named Christian about
eighty -four years ago. E. I. WISDOM.
Sydney may be added: Miss Sydney
Owenson (ante, p. 400, col. 2, 1. 28), and more
recently Sydney, Duchess of Manchester,
wife of Sir S. A. Blackwood. Sidney is
also used for men and women.
SYDNEY SAMUEL BAGSTER.
May not the following be added : Syl-
vester, Sidney, Jesse or Jessie, and Christian ?
I have found many entries of Philip as a
girl's name, and in Kent, Bennett and
Comfort used indiscriminately ; and Julian
from the days of Dr. Harvey to the present
Countess of Radnor.
R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
To the list supplied by EL SOLTERO may
be added the name of Vernon.
CECIL CLARKE.
Junior Athenaeum Club.
The following may be added to the list
given : Alison, Hildred, perhaps Lesley,
Sydney (e.g., Lady Morgan), Cassie (for a
man, see The Times, 24 May, 1911, p. 3,
col. 4), and Hilary. M.
One is tempted to wonder whether it is
the mere variation of a single letter that has
caused the querist to omit the commonest
of all such names, Francis or Frances, from
the list given. W. McM.
Brevet-Major Caroline Frederick Scott,
Royal Artillery, died at Rochester on
21 September, 1794.
Lieut. -General Thomas Ignatius Maria
Hog, Madras Artillery, died at Redbridge,
near Southampton, on 15 February, 1899.
Col. George Harrison Ann Forbes, Royal
Artillery, is still living.
J. H. LESLIE.
COWPER'S ' CHARITY ' : " PORCELAIN "
(US. iii. 409). — The context shows that the
poet's design is to contrast charity in the
large philosophic sense with that narrow
interpretation of the term which limits
it to almsgiving. The truly charitable, he
avers with the Apostle, are always well-
disposed towards others, while those of the
spurious type are utterly selfish and corrupt.
To illustrate the baneful influence of the
latter tribe he specifies Flavia, who gives of
her refuse to the poor, and ruthlessly defames
her neighbours. Charity she understands
only in the form of alms, if We except her
poicelain ornaments, presented, of course,
to herself : —
Her superfluity the poor supplies,
But if she touch a character, it dies.
The seeming virtue weighed against the vice,
She deems all sate, for she has paid the price :
No Charity but alms aught values she,
Except in porcelain on her mantel-tree.
Porcelain articles would, no doubt, be
very expensive in the poet's day, while the
self-indulgence proclaimed by their possession
would indicate a sharp contrast to his
economic habit. THOMAS BAYNE.
The reference in the quotation is pretty
obviously to a figure in porcelain (Dresden,
Chelsea, or other) of Charity standing on the
mantelpiece. JOHN R. MAGRATH.
Queen's College, Oxford.
Flavia will bestow her goods to feed the
poor, but she is without true Charity, which
she values only in the shape of a china
figure on her chimneypiece.
ST. SWITHIN.
[MR. TOM JONES also thanked for reply.]
ii s. in. JUNE 10, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
457
JAMES BALLANTYNE'S KELSO PBESS
(11 S. iii. 347, 396).— In reply to the request
of W. S. S. I may say that ' The History o'
the Families o' the Farmers and the Light-
bodies ' is a short tale of 36 pages, giving the
history of a deserving, thrifty family called
Farmer, and of an ambitious, worldly family
named Lightbody. It ends with a prophecy
against the people for the abuse of strong
drink : " Sae far gangs the prophecy ; some
o' it has already happened ; God grant that
the rest may never come to pass." The
booklet is dated from the Lammermuir Hills,
4 January, 1802 ; the reference in the pro-
phecy evidently is to the destructive
Napoleonic wars. JOHN GRANT.
:' PERTHROAT " (11 S. iii. 409).— I do not
see my way to guessing at the sense, because
every hint that might give help is suppressed.
May we not be told the authority, the con-
text, and (at any rate) the {late ?
WALTER W. SKEAT.
HANOVERIAN REGIMENT (11 S. iii. 327,
378, 415).— The history of the King's
German Legion, formed from the Hano-
verian army, was written by North Ludlow
Beamish, and published by Boone, 1832.
In 1806 the Legion had two dragoon and
three Hussar regiments, two light and seven
line battalions, two horse and four foot
batteries of artillery, and some engineers.
R. W. P.
The presentation of colours to one of the
regiments of the German Legion took place
on 22 August, 1855, but The Folkestone
Chronicle of 25 August stated that
" it had been expected that H.R.H. Princess Mary
of Cambridge would have attended to give away
the colours, but this she was prevented from doing
by a previous engagement. That duty then de-
volved upon H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge."
It may be true that when the Legion was
disbanded some of the men settled in Canada,
but in an article in The Fortnightly, August,
1900, by H. A. Bryden, it is stated that
numbers of men of the Anglo-German Legion
were successfully settled, by State aid, in
British Kaffraria. R. J. FYNMORE.
Sandgate.
A few facts may be added to those at the
last reference. The brigade did not get any
further than Scutari ; part, on return, were
•encamped at Shorncliffe, and formed the
nucleus of the new 109th (British) Regiment.
A large number, including Col. Wooldridge,
migrated to Cape Colony and settled there.
H. P. L.
SIEGE OF DERRY : REV. JAMES GORDON
(11 S. iii. 369). — No corroboration, I believe,
of Wodrow's story about Gordon and the
relief of Derry is anywhere to be found.
It is rejected by all trustworthy writers.
Wodrow, it must be remembered, was a
somewhat credulous biographer, so far as
Presbyterian ministers were concerned. Most
of his geese were apt to be swans. Accord-
ing to Reid's ' Presbyterian \ Church in Ire-
land,' Gordon held a charge for a few years
in Ulster, before being settled at Cardross,
where his ministry lasted only some four
years. In Cardross his reputation did not
long survive. Dumbartonshire local his-
torians, by their silence, seem to attach no
importance to the story of Gordon's achieve-
ments.
In what sense did he " relieve " Derry ?
Was it by persuading Kirke, the leader of
the relieving force, as Macaulay intimates ?
Or was it by breaking the boom, as MR.
BULLOCH states ? Of neither theory is there
any corroboration. Kirke was about the
last man in the world to be influenced by
clerical persuasion or objurgation. Besides,
the dispatch from Schomberg, ordering an
attack, may still be seen in the Bodleian
Library. The boom was broken by the
Mount joy, Micaiah Browning master, who
was killed by a shot from the enemy. The
Mountjoy having got aground, her consort
the Phoenix, Andrew Douglas master, was
the first to pass the obstruction, and the
Mountjoy followed. Where does Gordon
come in ? It is to be feared that the tale of
his achievements at Deny is due either to
a florid imagination or to a hallucination
similar to that which possessed the British
sovereign (George III. was it ?) who per-
suaded himself of his presence in command
of an English regiment at the battle of
Waterloo. SCOTUS.
BONAR & Co. (11 S. iii. 369).— Thomson
Bonar who died in July, 1814, is described
by Anderson (' Scottish Nation,' Supplement)
and Kay ( ' Portraits ' ) as a merchant in
Edinburgh ; he was, in fact, a wine merchant,
and by his marriage to a daughter of Andrew
Bell, the engraver, became interested in ' The
Encyclopaedia Britannica,' as agent for its
sale in succession to Hunter, and as printer
(see ninth edition, vol. viii., and eleventh
edition, vol. ix.). He was the fourth
( ? fifth) son of the Rev. John Bonar of Perth,
and he had three sons by his first wife,
Andrew Bell's daughter (John, Andrew,
and Thomson), and three daughters by hia
second wife, Mary Lawrie.
458
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii s. HI. JUNE 10, ML
The London firm of Thomson Bonar & Co.,
which still exists in Old Broad Street, may
owe its origin to another Thomson Bonar,
a relative, who is described by Anderson as
a " descendant " of the Rev. John Bonar
of Fetlar, father of John Bonar of Perth
This Thomson Bonar made a fortune as a
Russia merchant, purchased (?) Camden
Place, Chislehurst, and was there, with his
wife, murdered by an Irish footman named
Nicholson on the night of May 30-31, 1813,
(' Annual Register ' for 1813, Chronicle,
31 May ; and The Times for 1 June, 1813,
et seq.). Thomson Bonar, the Russia mer-
chant, had at least two sons, one of whom
was colonel of the Kent Militia Regiment
at the time of the murder ; and both seem
to have been present at the execution of
Nicholson (see ' Annual Register,' Chronicles,
23 August, 1813). S. H. P.
RICHARD ROLLE'S 'PRICK OF CON-
SCIENCE ' : ' THE BRITISH CRITIC '(US. iii.
227, 277, 377, 417). — It may be worth noting
that the article in question was written by
Mark Pattison. He mentions it in his
* Memoirs,' chap. vi. p. 186 :—
"I wrote an elaborate article in The British Critic
on * Earliest English Poetry,' for which I spent
months of study, and got to know all that was then
known on the subject."
It was not reprinted in his ' Essays ' (1889).
EDWARD BENSLY.
MR. HIGHAM, ante, p. 417, wrongly I think,
attaches the letters D.D. to the name of the
Rev. Thomas Mozley as editor of The
British Critic and author of ' Reminiscences
of Oriel College, Oxford,' 1882. With so
many other claims to distinction, my old
fellow - townsman of Gainsborough (whose
obituary notice I wrote in The Athenaeum for
24 June, 1893) would have repudiated, I feel
sure, this inapposite titular appendage.
The mistake has probably been caused
by the fact that his brother J. B. Mozley,
Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford, was
certainly D.D. WILLIAM MERCER.
" O. K." (US. iii. 266, 390).— At the end
of the will of Thomas Cumberland, lorimer,
of London, dated 8 Dec., 1565, entered
in the Archdeaconry Court registers at iii.
173 b, occur the letters O. K. in capitals. I
do not think they stand for the initials of
any persons as, e.g., of the scrivener who
drew up the will or a witness. This being !
the case, what do they mean ?
WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
nn
The Fortunes of Nigel. By Sir Walter Scott.
Edited, with Introduction, Notes, and Glossary,
by Stanley V. Makower. (Oxford, Clarendon
MR. MAKOWER has provided an excellent anno-
tated edition of one of Scott's brightest stories.
We are not generally in favour of the principle
which adds to task-books stories which should
bring unadulterated delight in hours of leisure ?
but if Scott is to be so treated, Mr. Makower
does the business as well as anybody. He has
evidently taken great pains over, his editing, and
the result is a body of sound information alike
in history and philology. The boy who has
mastered this edition will have discovered a
good deal concerning a period of which many
adults know little. The editor's Introduction —
meant more, we take it, for teachers than pupils
— explains his work and the reasons for it. He
is fully justified in insisting on the importance of
the glossary, which summarizes much of the
store of learning and illustration now available
in the great Oxford Dictionary and other autho-
rities. ' Nigel 'is, besides being a rattling story,
something of a feat of virtuosity in its language.
With Shakespeare, Scott was wonderfully familiar,
and the student will recognize much of his lan-
guage. Thus the " roasted crab " of p. 342 is
doubtless a reminiscence of the charming lyric
at the end of ' Love's Labour's Lost.'
King James I. being an admirable pedant,
there is more than the usual amount of classical
tags to be found here, which Mr. Makower
duly assigns to their familiar authors, and trans-
lates. We miss, however, a reference to the source
of "Incumbite remis fortiter" (p. 135), which
we take to be a reminiscence of the " validrs
incumbite remis," of '^Eneid,' x. 294. The
" infandum, regina," of p. 198 derives a further
point from its association with the Westminster
schoolboy and Queen Elizabeth. " Crasso in
aere " (p*. 251) is a quotation from Horace, ' Ep.,'
ii. 1, 244. " Equam memento," &c. (p. 471), is
of course, a deliberate pun on Horace, but not
one, we think, invented by Scott. The joke was
made by Lord North when his son Frank sold the
little mare given him by his father.
We mention these trifles, not as of any import-
ance, but to show that we have paid the editor
the compliment of reading his notes with care.
IN The Cornhill this month ' The Lost Iphi-
geneia,' a capital story, is concluded. Judge
Parry in ' Dear Old Cecil ' has a striking story of a
man who was victimized at school and later by
a dominating companion who finally led him to
serious fraud. ' Lop Ears,' by Dorothea Deakin,
is a highly entertaining account of a devastating
female child who insisted on having her own way.
A third story by Mr. C. H. Cautley, ' IP the
Vald' Or,' takes the form of a sentimental journal.
' The Keys of all the Creeds,' an Indian study by
Major G. F. Macmunn, is a vigorous exposition of
our rule as viewed by one of the best of the native
types. In ' The Two Novelists : a Letter from
Thackeray,' Miss Flora Masson gives a pleasant
account of her father's connexion with Thackeray,
who wrote him a letter concerning Dickens
Masson having reviewed the two chief Victor:
ens,
-
n s. in. JUNE 10, 1911. j NOTES AND QUERIES.
459
novelists together. Thackeray credits Dickens
with " quite a divine genius in many things,"
but quarrels with his art in not duly representing
Nature, and regards Micawber as " no more
a real man than my friend Punch is." The article
on ' Henry Bradshaw ' by Mr. A. C. Benson is
delightful — much more intimate than his study
last month. Bradshaw was a real character
as well as a great librarian and an inspired biblio-
grapher. The answers to Mr. Lang's paper on
Scott are supplied, and we notice that he has
given a second prize " to encourage research,"
while the new competition is on Stevenson, the
paper being set by Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch.
Ix The Nineteenth Century politics hold a pre-
dominant position, especially the new schemes
of Mr. Lloyd George. Mr. Ralph Neville, for
six years Judge in the Egyptian Native Courts,
writes on ' The Muddle in Egypt and the Way
Out,' giving voice to a discontent which seems
to have attained formidable proportions of late
years. The Hon. Emmeline Plunkett has a very
interesting inquiry in ' Stonehenge and the
Hyperboreans ' concerning the uses of that
ancient monument for moon-worship, following
up Sir Norman Lockyer's fascinating book on
Stonehenge as a temple of the SUB. Astronomical
evidence combined with historical suggests to her
that the inhabitants of Britain and Brittany
observed the moon in Sagittarius and the sun in
Gemini as part of a cult resembling that of
Artemis-Diana. The course of the moon is
dragon-like, and the builders of Avebury, an older
monument than Stonehenge, represented " the
sinuous body of a snake in the two long avenues
by which the circle was approached." Stukeley
was, it is suggested, right in considering this as
" a hieroglyphic symbol of highest note and
antiquity," and it was, further, " the Dragon of
the great Pendragonship." /
Mr. W. S. Lilly's ' Some Notes on- Chateau-
briand ' are concluded. They do not seem to us
to contain much that is new, nor can we rate highly
some isolated dicta by the glorious politician which
he regards as " literary judgments of the greatest
value." Mr. H. H. Statham is always an inter-
esting writer, and we find both insight and amuse-
ment hi the couple who hold ' Conversations at the
Salon and the Royal Academy.'
1 A SALUTE FROM THE FLEET ' is a dignified
Coronation tribute from Mr. Noyes in The Fort-
nightly, which has also a short and effective
piece of verse, ' Coronal,' from Mr. Walter Sichel.
Index " has a character study of ' His Majesty
the King,' in which the theatre is stated to be his
favourite form of recreation. Certain obvious
differences between him and King Edward are
noted. Articles on ' The Royal Prerogative '
and ' The City of London and the Coronations '
follow. Mr. Sidney Low has a sympathetic
study of Mrs. Rawdon Crawley which pleases us
well. He points out that she " is the first embodi-
ment in English fiction of the woman whose
emotions are dominated by her intellect." He
credits her with what many readers forget — the
bringing together of Dobbin and Amelia. Mr.
D. C. Boulger suggests that England has only to
take the lead to secu; e ' The Preservation of the
Field of Waterloo,' in which the other nations con-
cerned are ready to assist. Mr. Francis Gribble
continues in ' The Waning of Rachel's Star '
his clever st udies of the great actress, a pathetic
figure hi her loss of reputation and desperate
struggles to hold her own against fading health
J and the opposition of Madame Ristori. ' Abbas
Effendi : his Personality, Work, and Followers/
by E. S. Stevens, is very striking. The chief
representative of the faith of the Bab is a man
of holy life, very different from the advertising:
purveyor of religion. Mrs. Alec Tweed e's
article on ' Women and Work ' ought 1 o be re-
printed and distributed widely abroad, for it
shows what women have done and can do in spite
of the limitations imposed on them. It would be
excellent and informing reading for many persons
who generalize at large without adequate know-
ledge. Foreign literature of note is introduced
to English readers in ' The Misfortune of Being^
Clever,' a Russian comedy eulogized by Prince
Bariatinsky, and ' L'Age Dangereux,' a French,
translation of a German translation of a book
by a Danish novelist, Karin Michaelis. Even as
transmuted through two languages, this psycho-
logical study by a woman has, we gather from Miss
May Bateman, made a sensation in Paris. Mrs.
Belloc Lowndes concludes the number with a short
story, ' The Child,' which is painful, but effective.
IN The National Review the articles which
interest us chiefly are ' Women who want the Vote/
by the Countess of Selborne, and ' Some Scottish
Homes,' by Lady Edward Cecil. The amount
of labour which a working woman does cheerfully
and assiduously is not easily realized by the average
man. Mr. H. C. Biron's ' Pope in Worsted
Stockings ' is not strong as criticism, but the sort
of study which should be very useful to-day. We
should like Mr. C. E. Lawrence's plea for fairies,
' On Titania and Co.,' if it were less affected in
style. We may ask why George MacDonald was
not mentioned, and why an accomplished writer
should make nonsense of a paraphrase of Words-
worth by putting the Latin for a cowslip instead
of a primrose.
THE editorial of The Burlington Magazine deals
frankly with the ' Recent Extensions'at the National
Gallery and the British Museum.' The new rooms
at the former are described as handsome in appear-
ance, but " they repeat and intensify some of the-
faults of lighting and proportions which, since
the report of the Boston Commission, must be
regarded as inadmissible." As for the system
of lighting, " there is hardly any great picture
gallery on the Continent or in America, erected
within the last ten or twenty years, in which such
mistakes have been made, or at all events per-
petuated."
Mr. Lionel Cust's very interesting ' Notes on
Pictures in the Royal Collections ' deal this month
with several of our early kings, whose portraits
are reproduced. Richard III.'s face is worthy of
his Shakespearian reputation. Mr. Roger Fry
writes on the Richard Bennett Collection of Chinese
Porcelain now being shown in New Bond Street
for the benefit of the National Art-Collections
Fund, and, to judge from the illustrations here
given, well worth a visit. Mr. G. F. Hill's con-
tinuation of ' Notes on Italian Medals ' is full
of good things. Mr. Claude Phillips thinks he-
has found an unrecognized Carpaccio in Sir
William Abdy's sale, a picture formerly attributed
to Mantegna. Miss F. M. Stawell's account of
* The Letters of Vincent van Gogh ' is most attrac-
tive, and we hope that they will be translated
into English.
460
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. in. JUNE 10, 1911.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JUNE.
MESSRS. LUPTON BROTHERS' Burnley Catalogue
113 contains the largest-paper Bewick's ' Birds '
and ' Quadrupeds,' 3 vols., Newcastle, 1820-26,
4Z. 7s. Qd. ; a set of the Chetham Society, 1844-85,
10?. ; the " National Dickens," 40 vols., cloth,
1906, 18Z. 18s.; Hogarth's Works, published by
Baldwin & Cradock, atlas folio, 4Z. ; Lancashire
Parish Register Society Publications, 23 vols.,
51. 10s. ; Motley's Complete Works, 9 vols.,
Murray, 1904, 2,1. 2s. ; Pinkerton's ' Voyages,'
17 vols., 4to, 1808-14, 21. 10s. ; ' The Preacher's
Commentary,' 39 vols., 1885-96, 4Z. 10s. ; and the
Library Edition of Prescott, 15 vols., calf, Phila-
delphia, 1860, 31. Under Scott is the Border
Edition of the Novels, 48 vols., Nimmo, 1892-4,
10Z. 10s. There are works under Asiatic, Astro-
nomy, Biography, Derbyshire Topography, Scot-
tish Literature, &c. Those under Discussions
include Harrison v. Bradlaugh, Howes v. Bottom-
ley, King v. Bradlaugh, Murphy v. Mooney, Pope
v. Maguire, &c.
Mr. John Orr's Edinburgh Catalogue 33 con-
tains Capt. Burton's Works, Memorial Edition,
7 vols., 1893-4, II. 15s. ; Monstrelet's ' Chro-
nicles,' 2 vols., 4to, 1877, 1Z. 2s. Qd. ; and Frois-
sart, 2 vols., 4to, 1874, II. 2s. Qd. A copy of the
very rare Confession of Faith, small 4to, morocco,
1590, is 4Z. 4s. (a copy at the Scott Sale fetched
321.) There are some Cruikshank plates, also
first editions of Dickens. Under Drama is the
Mermaid Series, 27 vols., a complete set (4 of the
vols. not uniform, and on thin paper), 21. 18s. Qd.
A fine copy of Mainland's ' Edinburgh,' folio,
1753, panelled calf, is 11. 15s. Under Epitaphs
is Monteith's ' Theatre of Mortality,' 12mo,
half-calf, 1704-8, 11. Is. There is some Scottish
folk-lore. Works on Heraldry include Milles's
' Catalogue of Honour,' folio, 1610, 21. 10s. A
large-paper copy of Talfourd's ' Memorials of
Lamb ' (one of 150 printed), 1892, is 12s. Qd.
There are lists under Jacobite, Military, Natural
History, Queen Mary Stuart, and Scots Peerage.
Under Walton is Marston's edition of the ' Angler,'
2 vols., 4to, 1888, 31. Is. Qd.
Mr. Charles J. Sawyer's Catalogue 26 contains
A number of books with coloured plates, new
copies at greatly reduced prices. An extra-illus-
trated copy of * Dickens and his Illustrators,'
royal 4to, purple levant, 1899, is 101. 10*. ; a
collection of 70 coloured plates of Female Costume,
4to, full levant, Ackermann, 1810-15, 121. 12s. ;
a set of the " Aldine Poets," 53 vols., original
cloth, 1866-7, 11. 10s. ; and a large-paper
* Arabian Nights,' translated by Forster, 5 vols.,
royal 8vo, red morocco, 1802,- 81. 10s. Among
art works is ' Jacob Maris,' by T. de Bock, royal
folio, vellum, 1900, 71. 5s. Under Bibliography
is Hazlitt's ' Collections,' 2 vols., royal 8vo,
half-morocco, 1876-82, 51. 15s. There are
specimens of bindings. A clean fresh copy of
Sullivan's ' Tour through Ireland,' original
boards, McLean, 1824, is 81. 12s. Qd. Under
Dickens is a collection of 60 original character
studies, unpublished, 91. 10s. ; and among first
-editions is ' Master Humphrey's Clock,' the original
88 numbers as issued, 1840-41, preserved in a
morocco case, 11. Is. A Dickens relic is the chair
he used when editing Household Words, 1QI.
Under Gardening is Parkinson's ' Paradisi in
Sole,' &c. 1629, 17Z. 10s. A specially large copy of
the ' Heptameron,' 5 vols., Society of English
Bibliophilist?, 1894, is 51. 5s. ; and the original
large-type Library Edition of ' Walpole's Letters,'
9 vols., half-calf, Bentley, 1857-8, 10Z. 10s.
Under Kent are Cozens's ' Topographical History,'
2 vols., 4to, morocco, 35?. ; and a collection of
coloured drawings of places of interest, from the
Hovenden Collection, 1797, 27?. A coloured
copy of Macklin's Bible, 1800, 6 vols., royal folio,
morocco, is 22Z. 10s. Napoleon's own copy of
' Histoire d'Herodote,' 9 vols., calf, 1802, is
121. 12s. This was read by the Emperor while
at St. Helena. Alfred Darbishire's collection of
Old Play Bills, 6 folio vols., 1790-1900, is 12 1. 12s.
Under Scott is the Library Edition, 27 vols.,
three-quarter morocco, 1900, 1'OZ. 10s. Among
many Thackeray items is the first edition of
' Vanity Fair,' with three water-colours and a
letter of B. W. Procter's, white vellum, with the
original covers, enclosed in case, 81. 12s. Qd.
There are a number of old tracts from the library
of Prof. Mayor.
Messrs. Simmons & Waters of Leamington Spa
devote their Catalogue 256 to Topographical and
Antiquarian Books relating to the British Isles,
including engravings and maps arranged under
counties. Under Berkshire, Windsor of course
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ii s. m. JUNE 17, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
401
LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 17, 1911.
CONTENTS.-No. 77.
NOTES :— The King's Champion, 461— Danteiana, 462—
William Pitt, "Cornet of Horse," 463— " Shepster"—
Buckrose : Faircross — The Burning of Moscow, 464 —
"Securitas est tutissimum bonum"— The Liberty of
Blackfriars — "Bacon": "Hobby-horse" — Cuckoo
Rimes— Novel with Three Titles, 465-Greek Churoh,
Soho — Apparition at Pirton — 'The Compleat Angler*' —
Colour of Sheep— Pigtails in the British Army, 466.
QUERIES : — Royal Jubilees — Forbes-Skellater — Royal
Society Rarities— Crown Agents — House of Commons
Prayer — Lamb's ' Rosamund Gray ' — Halfacree — St.
Patrick : St. George— D'Urfey and Allan Ramsay, 467
—Authors Wanted — "The Gag," "Guillotine," and
" Kangaroo " in Parliament — ' The Raignp of King
Edward III.' : Falconry— Envy, "eldest-born of Hell "—
Scales Family, 468 — Jack Ketch — Twins and Second
Sight— Moore of Bankhall — Capt. T. Drury — Rev.
Christopher Stafford— Joseph Paul. Surgeon, 469 -Sir
Peter Wyche, 470.
REPLIES :— Rags and Old Clothes left at Wells, 470—
"Great George our King" — Coronation Bibliography-
Queen Victoria's Maternal Great- Grandmother, 471 —
Robert Rollo Gillespie at Vellore— Sir J. Budd Phear
— Gower Family — ' Edwin Drood ' •- ' Britons, Strike
Home ! ' — Glass manufactured at Belfast, 472 — Royal
Exchange Paving -Blocks — 'Churches of Yorkshire' —
Church Briefs— Vestry held on Lady Day, 473— Authors
Wanted—' Hamlet ' in 1585— Birthdays and the Change of
Calendar, 474 -Kitty Cuthbertson the Novelist -Copes-
Bishops' Transcripts— Fifield D'Assigny— Da Costa, 475 -
Spurgeon's Knowledge of Greek — William Evatt —
" Rhubarb "—Jeffreys and the Temple Organ — Ainsworth
the Lexicographer— Bishopsgate Street Without, 476-
Boole-lead— Custom House Cutters— Sir William Ashton,
477— James Shipdem— Bee-Swarms— Marriage of Divorced
Persons—" Welcome as the flowers in May" — Archbishop
Vesey— Mew Family— " Capping " at Universities, 478.
NOTES ON BOOKS:- 'Transactions of the Baptist His-
torical Society.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
THE KING'S CHAMPION.
THE CHAMPION'S glove has often been thrown
down on our arena, where it has been almost
hidden under a pile of unauthenticated
gossip. See 5 S. v. 509 ; vii. 401 ; viii. 80,
134 ; x. 289, 454 ; 7 S. iii. 151, 235, 313 ;
vii. 482 ; viii. 113, 175, 254 ; x. 391, 494 ;
S S. xi. 349, 457 ; xii. 92 ; 9 S. ix. 503,
507; x. 58, 116; xii. 135, 254.
The following historic details deserve to
be added to the record : —
1429, St. Leonard's Day, 6 November,
at the Coronation of Hbnry VI., at the first
course of the dinner in Westminster Hall,
" the kings of heralds in their coat armour,
and their crowns on their heads,"
*' weute by fore the'kyngys champyon Syr Phylyppe
'Jymmoke, that rode in the halle i-armyde clene as
Syn Jorge. And he proclayniyd in the iiij quarterys
of the halle that the kynge was ryghtefulle ay re to
the crowne of Ingelonde, and what maner man that
wolde nay hyt, he was redy for to defende hyt as
hys knyghte and hys champyon. Ande by that
offyce he holdy the hys londys, £c." — ' Collections of
a London Citizen,' 168.
1547, Quinquagesima Sunday, 20 Feb-
ruary, at the Coronation of Edward VI., after
the second course of the dinner in West-
minster Hall,
" Sir Edward Dyramocke, knight, came ridinge into
the hall in clene white complete harneis, rychlie
gilded, and his horse rychlie trapped, and cast his
gauntlet t to wage battell against all men that wold
not take him for right king of this realme, and then
the king dranke to him and gave him a cupp of
golde." — ' Wriothesley's Chronicle,' i. 183.
1553. Claims at the Coronation of Queen
Mary : —
" Sir Edward Dymock, knight, clay my the to be the
Queenes champion the day of the coronacion, and
to haue for his fee one euppe of golde, the horse and
furnyture, with tharmoure which he that day
wearithe, and all other to his furnyture apperteyn-
ing ; and heclaymethe alsoxviij yardesof crymesyn
sattin tor his lyvery, and the full servyce of meate
and drynk belonginge to a baron to be conveyed to
his lodginge." — ' Rutland Papers,' 120.
1553. 1 October. " Master Dymmoke the qwyen's
champyon " rode up and down Westminster Hall.
— Machyn's ' Diary,' 45.
1653. " A Funerall Speech vpon the Death and
Buriall of Charles Dymoke, Esq., Late Champion to
the King and Crown of England, who dyed at Oxford
in July, 1643, and was interred at Scrivelsby in
Lincoln-shire, September the 6th, 1652. by R.
Thornton. London, printed in the year 1653," 4to
(Pickering & Chatto, ' Tracts and Pamphlets,' 1906,
No. 1326).— These dates differ from those given
in 'D.N.B.,'xvi. 295 b.
1673. R. Leigh, in his anonymous ' Trans-
proser Rehears'd,' satirizes Andrew Mar-
vell :—
"Our author therefore, the Noncomfqrmists
Dimock, throws down his gauntlet, and in the
names of John Calvin and Theodore Beza, bids a
general defiance to all the miter'd heads in England ;
daring them, or any ofHheir dead predecessors, to
maintain their ancient rights and dignities, which
he is ready to oppose to the last drop of blood. It
is a bold challenge, but no body will accept it, none
will engage so heroick a champion." — P. 54.
1761. Coronation of George III. ; —
At the "supper" in Westminster Hall, "be-
tween the courses the Champion performed his part
with applause." — 'Corresp. Gray and Mason,' 1853,
p. 275.
The * D.N.B.,' xvi. 294-6, gives an account
of the Dymoke family and the Championship.
There is a pedigree in the Visitation of Lin-
colnshire, 1562-4, printed in The Genea-
logist, 1880, iv. 19. W. C. B.
462
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. in. JUNE 17,
DANTEIANA.
I. ' Inf.,' xvii. 72-3 :—
Vegna il cavalier sovrano
Che recher& la tasca con tre becchi !
Dante's allusion to, or description of, cer-
tain usurers in this canto rather by their
heraldic insignia than by name has provided j
the heraldic fraternity in particular, and
Dantists in general, with a happy hunting-
field for researches which have not proved
unavailing ; while the poet's non-recog-
nition of these sufferers and his peculiar
method of describing them are plausibly
and acutely explained by Dean Plumptre
thus : —
" The non-recognition may be either symbolical,
as in C. VII. 58, Or may be meant to indicate that
the poet had had no associates in that class of the
fraudulent. The special process by which they are
identified probably expresses Dante's scorn for the
ostentatious heraldry of the nouveaux riches of
Florence. Few, if any, of the bearings thus
described have found their way into Litta's
magnificent volumes on the 'Famiglie Celebri
Italiane.'"
In spite, however, of Dante's alleged
" scorn " and his " Non ne conobbi alcun "
(at 1. 54), it is clear, from his assignation of
those armorial bearings or heraldic badges
to these usurers, that he was aware of
their identity, although he respected that
part of their punishment by which they
were doomed to obscurity both of person-
ality and name. As Scartazzini observes,
" Sconosciuti in vita, Sconosciuti morti ! "
The fourth culprit so designated in the
above couplet by " la tasca con tre becchi "
has been recognized by those bearings as
Giovanni Buiamonte, a Florentine and, says
Scartazzini, " il piu infame usuraio, dicesi,
di Europa." Plumptre' s comment on the
lines ig suggestive and informing : —
"Note the irony of the sovran cavalier as an echo
of the poeta sovrano of C. IV. 88. The bearer of
the purse with three goats rampant sable on field or,
Giovanni Buiamonte of Florence, still living in 1300,
was as far above all other usurers as Homer was
above all other poets."
Venturi, however, sees another, and not
less striking, *' irony " in the passage : —
" Quel cavalier sovrano & detto per ironia, conie lo
mostr6 quel distorcor la bocca, e trar fuori la lingua
nel cosl mentovarlo."
Both views are sound commentary if
sovrano be the correct reading, and not
soprano (as in Witte's text adopted by Dr.
Moore), the latter hardly being the equiva-
lent of the former. But I am not disposed
to quibble over shades of meaning occasioned
by the substitution of p for v. Neither am
I concerned here with another substitution,,
that of " testa " for " tasca " (as in D MS.) ;
nor with the curious misplacement of lines
72-5 in L MS. ; nor, again, with the
"coi tre" of several MSS., all instanced by
Dr. Moore. " Becchi," however, call?, for
more than a passing notice. The word may
mean either " he-goats " or " beaks."
'Alcuni intendono," observes Bianchi, "con tre
rostri d' uccello, quasi fosse questa 1' arme dei
Buiamonti. Ma secondo il comento di Pietro di
Dante, i tre becchi sono tre capri : Ille a tribwt
hircis fuit dominus loannes Buiamonte de Biccis de
Florentia. E cose dicono 1' Ottimo e Benvenuto ; i
e tre capri si vedono per arme ai Buiamonti nell'
antico Priorista delle Riformagioni,"
Scartazzini' s quotation is more explicit j
both as to arms and date : —
" L'arme di questo usuraio depinta nell' antico
Priorista delle Riformazioni di Firenze colla data
del 1293 ha tre capri veri e reali in campo d' oro."-
'D.C.,'ed. Pass., p. 700.
But the main purpose of this paragraph is !
to direct attention to Cary's honest retrac-
tation in his note on " becchi " : —
'Monti," he says, "in his Proposta, had intro-
duced a facetious dialogue on the supposed mistake :
made in the interpretation of this word ' Becchi r
by the compilers of the Delia Crusca Dictionary,
who translated it 'goats' instead of 'beaks.' He
afterwards saw his own error, and had the ingenu-
ousness to confess it in the Appendix, p. 274. j
Having in the former editions of this >york been :
betrayed into the same misunderstanding of my i
author, I cannot do less than follow so good an I
example, by acknowledging and correcting it."
Why this eagerness to correct a " sup- ;
posed'' "misunderstanding"? For Dante
may have meant to convey " beaks " as his i
meaning, and not " goats." The conjecture i
is tenable in the face of Plumptre' s assertion
quoted above in respect of Litta's partial
silence on the " bearings." Besides, the !
poet could hardly have used "capri," since
it would not have rimed with either
"orecchi" or "becchi," although doubtless i
he could have employed or coined terms
synonymous with them in rime and signi-
fication. But he did not do so, and thus
left his meaning ambiguous. Of course the
evidence of Pietro, the Delia Crusca, and
" antico Priorista " counts for much, but
it is not, me judice, of such irreversible
weight as to necessitate confession of error
from either Monti or Cary. All three may
have erred in their rendering of " becchi."
II. Ibid., xviii. 42 :—
Di gia veder costui non son digiuno.
Had Cary offered a retractation of hi'
astounding rendering of this line, no on<!
ii s. m. JUNE 17, i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
463
would gainsay it. How, with his knowledge
of Italian, he could have translated it
Of him not yet mine eye hath had his fill
is inexplicable, except on the hypothesis of
a lapsus oculi. " The passage," says Dr.
Moore, " is rightly translated by Ford,
Carlyle, and Longfellow, but most strangely
misunderstood by Gary." Plumptre's ver-
sion is less literal, though more idiomatic :
" Not for the first time now that face
I've known " ; while Tomlinson's is pre-
cisely its converse : " I've not kept fast
till I to him could get," with the added note :
" A mode of saying, ' It is not the first time
that I have seen him.' ' " Get " is a very
inelegant substitute for "seen," unfortunately
exacted by the exigency of the riming " met."
Surely " digiuno " means " fasting " or
"unfed" (as in * Inf.,' xxviii. .87, and
'Par.' ii. 75), signifying plainly that the
poet had not lacked the opportunity of
seeing Caccianimico previously. Curiously
enough, Cary has englished the parallel
passages correctly, although he failed so
lamentably to grasp the meaning of that
quoted above. Possibly the negative misled
him.
III. Ibid., 55-7 :—
lo fui colui che la Ghisolabella
Condussi a far la voglia del Marchese,
Come che suoni la sconcia novella.
With the sordid story enshrined within these
lines I am not concerned here, but the
female Christian name raises an interesting
point which deserves a brief allusion. Do
the five syllables as given in the above text
(Scartazzini's) form one name, or only the
first three, as in the texts of Witte, Lombardi,
and Bianchi, which disjoin the last two
from them thus—" Ghisola bella " ? If
the latter be the correct disposition of them,
does " bella " imply personal beauty in
Ghisola ? Mazzoni-ToselH (1871) throws
doubt on the matter by a " forse " : —
" Alcuni dicono che costei fu cpsi nominata per
ossere stata bella ; io pero ne dubito, perche undici
anni dopo il suo matnnionio ella detto il suo testa-
mento nominandosi Ghisolabella quondam Alberti
de Cazzanemicis, mentre forse non era piu bella."
And the Rev. H. F. Tozer (' English Com-
mentary,' 1901) observes : —
" The reading Ghisola bella, which the old com-
mentators give, is now proved to be incorrect, for
her will, which has lately been found, gives her
name as Ghislabella ; see Toynbee, « Diet.,' p. 271."
Plumptre, however, says : " Ghisola Was
famed for her beauty."
According, therefore, to Mr. Tozer, Witte,
Lombardi, and Bianchi are to take rank
with the " old commentators," and Scar-
tazzini with the more enlightened. This
may be so, but how can Mr. Tozer say in
1901 that the "will has lately been found,"
when Mazzoni-Toselli states it was so prior
to 1871 ? His reference to Toynbee's
' Dictionary ' (published 1898) supplies no>
basis for the assertion, for that writer merely
says : —
"Her actual name was Ghisolabella or Ghisla-
bella, as is proved by her will (dated Sept. 1, 1281), in
which she is described as * D. Ghislabella, filia
quondam domini Alberti di Cazanimitis, et uxor
domini Nichollay de Fontana.' (See Del Lungor
' Dante ne' tempi di Dante,' pp. 235ff.)."
I am not convinced, even by the alleged
testimony of the will, of Ghisolabella' s-
ugliness or lack of beauty. Names in such
documents are proverbially misspelt or
suffocated by affixes and suffixes ; and such
I take this to have been. Even copyists
vary in transcribing it from the will. Thus-
Mazzoni-Toselli gives it as " Ghisolabella,"
while Toynbee transcribes it " Ghislabella."
Moreover, why should the assumption (so-
called) of the " old commentators " be so
glibly rejected ? The 'Anonimo Fiorentino/
quoted by Toynbee, is as worthy of credence
as even the will, and I submit that Ghisa
Would probably be the name of the im-
mortalized unfortunate, to which she added
" la Bella," the sobriquet by which she was
famed. Isabella and Isobel are undoubtedly
similar variants of a very natural evolution
in nomenclature. J. B. McGovEKN.
St. Stephen's Rectory, C.-on-M., Manchester.
WILLIAM PITT (EARL OF CHATHAM),
" CORNET OF HORSE."
MB. W. SCOTT in his interesting reply
on ' William Pitt's Letter on Superstition r
(ante, p. 218) writes in the third paragraph :
" He was appointed to a cornetcy in the
Blues, and continued in the Army until he
entered on a political career in 1735."
The statement that Pitt was a cornet
in the Blues occurs frequently. His regi-
ment appears to have been the King's Own
Regiment of Horse, alias Cobham's Horse,
sometimes called the King's Horse, and
since 1746 the 1st (King's) Dragoon Guards,
See ' A History of the British Army,' by the
Hon. J. W. Fortescue, vol. ii. p. 20, 1899r
where Pitt is spoken of as " Cornet William
Pitt of the King's Dragoon Guards " (a foot-
note refers to the popular belief that he
was in the Blues), and ibid., p. 54, where the
author states that " Pitt's first commission
bears date 9 February, 1731, Cornet in
Cobham's Horse (1st Dragoon Guarrls;."
See also the 'Dictionary of National
464
NOTES AND QUERIES. [iis.m. JUNE 17, ion.
Biography,' and LordRosebery's 'Chatham,
his Early Life and Connections,' 1910,
p. 43.
Mr. Fortescue has favoured me with
answers to certain questions. The authority
for his statement about Pitt's regiment is
the register - book of commissions at the
Record Office. As to the term " first com-
mission " he writes: —
" As he was dismissed from the Army while still
a cornet in 1736 I do not see how he can have had
a second commission, acd I remember no notice
of his having changed regiments."
It is clear that he left the Army, i.e., was
dismissed, in 1736, not 1735.
In addition to the above-quoted letter
from Mr. Fortescue, reference may be
made to Lord Rosebery's book, p. 158,
where it is stated that Pitt was deprived of
his commission in the Army after his speech
(29 April, 1736) in the House of Commons
about the marriage of the Prince of Wales.
The ' Dictionary of National Biography '
(citing The Quarterly Review, Ixvi. 194) says
that the vacancy made by the supersession
of Pitt was filled up on 17 May, 1736. It
may be gathered from The Gentleman's
Magazine of May, 1736, that the vacancy
was filled by the Hon. Sambrook Boscawen.
It is a curious coincidence that — the days
of the month not being given — the
following appointments appear next to
each other : —
Thos. Swetnam, Esq ;— Cornet in ye Blue-G.
Hon. Sambrook Boscawen, Esq;— Cornet in his
Majesty's own Regiment.
Possibly the confusion about Pitt's
regiment arose from the fact that, whereas
in 1714 George I. changed the name of the
(now) King's Dragoon Guards from the
" Queen's Regiment of Horse " to the
" King's Own Regiment of Horse," the
(now) " Blues " had been called the " Royal
Regiment of Horse " or the " King's
Regiment." See ' The Regimental Records
of the British Army,' by John S. Farmer,
1901, pp. 4-7. Also see this book (pp. 6, 7)
and ' Her Majesty's Army,' by Walter
Richards, no date (? circa 1898), vol. i.
p. 21, for the various names of the King's
Dragoon Guards. In neither, however, does
the name of "Cobham's Horse" appear.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
" SHEPSTER."— We may trust the 'N.E.D.'
to give a good account of this word. I write
this merely to make it clear that the assertion
sometimes made (as by both Halliwell and
Wright) that females were formerly employed
fts sheep-shearers receives no support at
all from the passage in ' Piers Plowman '
to which they refer.
There are, in fact, two substantives of the
above form. Shepster (1) is a shepherdess ;
see ' E.D.D.' Perhaps it was formed from
shep in the sense of " shepherd." I know
of no example of this shepster in Middle
English, and I doubt its antiquity.
But shepster (2) is a variant of shapstert
a female cutter-out (or shaper) of garments ;
and this is the word Which appears in ' Piers
Plowman,' as duly noted by Stratmann,
s.v. scheppen, to shape.
I give the whole account in my ' Notes to
P. Plowman.' The point which I want to
make here is that it is to Halliwell and
Wright, who made the original mistake,
that we also owe the correction ; for it is in
their edition of Nares's ' Glossary ' that we
find the excellent quotations (s.v. shepster)
from Withals and Caxton which make the
whole story clear. WALTER W. SKEAT.
BUCKROSE : FAIRCROSS. — An interesting
statement in Prof. Skeat's ' Place-Names of
Berkshire,' 1911, is : —
"Faircross. — One of the hundreds is called Fair-
cross hundred; evidently named from a fair or
well-made cross."— P. 27-
In the East Riding of Yorkshire is a
wapentake called Buckrose. The name is
now given to the Parliamentary division,
and it has lately been before the public as
the pseudonym of a novelist.
There is no place named either Faircross
or Buckrose. The termination " rose " is
modern and misleading. The old form was
Buccros, Buccecros, which in modern spel-
ling would beBuckcross (Kirkby's 'Inquest,'
Surt. Soc., xlix, 71, 314), so that its meaning
may be beech-cross. Buckthorpe is a place
in the wapentake. In other parts of the
county are Wapentakes now named Ewe-
cross, Osgoldcross, and Staincross ; but the
first was originally Youcross (Kirkby, 278,
362). Can it have been Yew-cross ?
W. C. B.
THE BURNING OF Moscow. — The cause of
the fire of Moscow has been at intervals
discussed in ' N. & Q.' I have lately become
acquainted with a work which examines
all the evidence with care and impartiality :
' Wer hat Moskau im Jahre 1812 in Brand
gesteckt ? ' by Dr. Gautscho Tzenoff (Berlin,
1900). Dr. Tzenoff appears to me to prove-
that the fire was not the act of the Russians,
but that it was caused by the French in the
course of their looting. ALEX. LEEPER.
Trinity College, Melbourne University.
[See also 11 S. i. 228, 274,291.1
iis.iii.jr>-Ei7fi9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
465
" SECURITAS EST TUTISSIMUM BONUM. "-
H. W. asked for the source of this quotation
at 9 S. xi. 466. Seneca, ' Dialog.,' II. xiii. 5,
lias something like it : " Securitas autem
proprium. bonum sapientis est " ; and there
is a still closer resemblance in a passage
quoted in Lange's ' Polyanthea,' s.r. 'Se-
curitas,' from Carolus Paschal ius (Pasquali),
' De Virt. et Vit.,' cap. 35 : " Hanc securi-
tatem nos dicimus esse proprium viri boni
sapientisque bonum, omni imperio firmius,
omni magnitudine maius."
EDWARD BENSLY.
THE LIBERTY OF BLACKFRIARS. — An in-
teresting little case preserved among the
Lord Chamberlain's papers reminds us how
very tenacious of its privileges was the
Liberty of the Great Wardrobe at Black-
friars.
The two Sheriffs of the City of London
with attendants, came to the Wardrobe,
and arrested Mr. Tyas, ftie chief clerk,
because the pavement was not to their
liking. As Mr. Tyas was 80 years old,
however, they thought it wiser to take his
servant John Hinde. Mr. Tyas expostulated
with the Sheriffs, and said they had nothing
to do there, but that he himself had as good
a charter for the Liberty as the Lord Mayor
had. John Hinde, in spite of it, was carried
off, and confined in the Counter Prison,
Wood Street, for seven days.
Mr. Tyas told the Master of the Wardrobe,
who told the King, and he issued a warrant
to arrest the Lord Mayor's servant who had
arrested Hinde ; and, though the Sheriffs
came to plead for him, the man was con-
fined in the Marshalsea. See the Lord
Chamberlain's papers, Warrants 1603-13,
V. 128, p. 298. C. C. STOPES.
" BACON " : " HOBBY-HORSE." — In the
' N.E.D.' the earliest instance of "bacon"
is quoted from a poem dated circa 1330,
" For beof ne for bakoun." It is therefore
of interest to note that at least one earlier
instance (I do not know how many more
there may be) is found in Welsh. This
occurs in the * Hanes Gruffydd ap Cynan,'
ed. Arthur Jones, Manchester University
Press, 1910, p. 128, where, describing the
death of Trahaiarn at the battle of Mynydd
Cam (A.D. 1081), the biographer says, "a
gucharki wydel a wnaeth bacwn o "honaw
val o hwch," i.e., " and Gwcharis the Irish-
man made bacon of him as of a pig." The
earliest MS. of the biography is of about the
middle of the thirteenth century, so that
even if we assume the Welsh version (it
I is probably a translation from the Latin)
to have been first written then, this use of
" bacon " is nearly a century older than that
given in the ' N.E.D.' The w^ord occurs
in O.F. as " bacon " or " bacun " ; but
the form " bacwn " makes it likely that
| the derivation is rather from the English
" bacown."
A similar case is that of " hobby-horse "
(see 11 S. ii. 209, 257, 317, 417), for which
the earliest reference in the ' N.E.D.' is
1557. The word in the form of " hobi hors "
occurs in Dafydd ap Gwilym, the Welsh
poet of the fourteenth century. I cannot
at the moment find the poem in which it
occurs, bat I believe there is no doubt as
to its authenticity, which cannot be said of
some of the poems attributed to Dafydd.
H. I. B.
CUCKOO RIMES. — The following cuckoo-
notes or rimes are not no\v in general use. I
have known them in three Midland counties t
In April cuckoo come ;
In May he play his drum ;
In June he change his tune ;
In July away he fly.
In April he show his bill ;
In May he sings happy day ;
In June his song he prune ;
In July away he fly.
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
NOVEL BY G. P. R. JAMES WITH THREE.
TITLES. — When G. P. R. James Was in
America he wrote a novel which he called
' A Story without a Name,' and which ran
through thirteen numbers of The Inter-
national Monthly Magazine of New York,
commencing in December, 1850, and ending
in December, 1851. In the latter month
it was published in London in three volumes
under the title of ' Revenge,' though 1852
was printed on the title-page. It has been
said that the change of title was made with-
out the author's consent, and I can well
believe that James would not have agreed
to the title that was chosen, since ' Revenge '
was the name of one of the short stories in
his ' Book of the Passions.' On the other
hand, his publishers probably objected to
the novel's original title, as another novel
called ' A Story without a Name,' by a
writer calling herself " Ananke," had been
published in London in 1844. James's
novel appeared, under its original name in a
one-volume edition published at New York
in March, 1852.
I suppose, however, that James eventually
heard of Ananke' s book ; for when the one-
volume edition of his own work was reprinted
466
NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. in. JUNK n, 1911.
at Philadelphia in 1860 (the year of the
author's death), it was called ' The Man in
Black.' In recent years Mr. Stanley Wey-
man (who, I dare say, knew nothing of
James's work) has given that title to a story
of his own, and thus all the three titles
under which James's novel has appeared
Jiave been used also for other stories.
Bohn's edition of Lowndes's ' Manual ' is
misleading about this work, as it implies that
1 Revenge ' and ' A Story without a Name '
are different novels, both published in Lon-
don. If the tale was ever published in
England at all as ' A Story without a Name,'
I can safely say that it was only in some
periodical, and at the same time as it ap-
peared in The International Monthly Maga-
zine of New York. W. A. FROST.
16, Am well Street, E.G.
GREEK CHURCH, SOHO. — In the list of
proprietary chapels to which parishes have
been attached, printed ante, p. 150, mention
is made of St. Mary's, Greek Street, Soho.
This is evidently a mistake, for St. Mary's
was and is in Crown Street, now Charing
Ooss Road. It was originally built for the
use of the Greek merchants living in the
locality, but was never in Greek Street.
It was afterwards used as a Nonconformist
place of worship, and eventually became a
-chapel of ease to St. Luke's until later a
parish was attached to it. Possibly the
compiler of the list was thinking of the chapel
of the House of Charity, 1, Greek Street,
dedicated, I believe, to St. John the Baptist.
This is now kept entirely private, although
years ago it was open to the public on
Sunday afternoons. As a child I was in
the choir of both churches.
HENRY BEAZANT.
Koundway, Friern Barnet.
APPARITION AT PIRTON, HERTS. — During
the Civil War, so the story runs, a
skirmish took place upon the Herts and
Beds borders, in which the Parliamentarians
were victorious. The Cavalier officer in
charge of the defeated force, with his men,
took refuge in flight, and,' having friends
among the Docwras of High Down, he
turned his horse thither, closely pursued
by the victors. He managed to give them
the slip, and reached the house in safety,
.and, as he thought, unperceived. He was,
however, traced, and very soon the Round-
heads were hammering at the door, demand-
ing admission to search for the fugitive.
He is stated to have taken refuge in the
hollow trunk of a large elm tree standing in
front of the house, and forming part of the
ancient avenue which led up to it ; but he was
speedily discovered, brought down, and
summarily executed. This was carried out
by decollation, presumably with a sword
as the instrument ; for upon the anniversary
of the fatal day the unlucky Cavalier's wraith
may be seen to descend from the tree, and
run down the avenue with his head in his
hands.
This story is so well known and widely
believed in the neighbourhood that one
cannot help thinking there must be some
basis for it. Its source might possibly be
traced to one of the many Civil War tracts
that deal with isolated engagements.
W. B. GERISH.
Bishop's Stortford.
' THE COMPLEAT ANGLER ' : MESSRS.
SOTHEBY ON A COMMA. — At Sotheby's sale
on 26 May lot 644 comprised the first edition
of Walton's * Compleat Angler ' and Charles
Cotton's ' Compleat Angler ' (1653-76). At
the foot of the description of these books
there appeared a note made ex abundante
cauteld, which, after stating that these
works were perfect, sound, and clean through-
out, ran thus : " but to be strictly accurate,
we must mention that half a comma on the
last leaf, of the Walton has been cut away
in the binding."
This very special provision seems to have
been unnecessary, because the well-known
maxim De minimis would surely apply.
STAPLETON MARTIN.
The Firs, Norton, Worcester.
SHEEP : THEIR COLOUR. — I have been
informed that sheep become black or white
according to the nature of the water they
drink. The reference given me is Grosse-
teste, ' Epistolse,' p. 85. ASTARTE.
PIGTAILS IN THE BRITISH ARMY. — The
date when pigtails ceased to be worn by
our soldiers may be gathered from a passage
in 'A Boy in the Peninsular War : the
Services, Adventures, .and Experiences of
Robert Blakeney, Subaltern in the 28th
Regiment ' (London, John Murray, 1899).
Blakeney tells us that his regiment arrived
off Yarmouth, on its return from Sir John
Moore's expedition to Sweden, about the
middle of July, 1808. From there it sailed
to Spithead, and while it was lying there
an order arrived from the Horse Guards
" to cut off the men's queues." As the
regiment sailed for Portugal on the 31st
of that month, the actual date would seem
to be some time in the latter half of July,
1808. T. F. D.
a s. in. JUNE 17, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
467
WE must request corresp9ndents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
ROYAL JUBILEES. — How did it happen
that, whereas George III.'s Jubilee was
•celebrated on 25 October, 1809, being the
day on which his Majesty entered into the
50th year of his reign, that of Queen Vic-
toria was celebrated on 21 June, 1887,
i.e., at, or rather after, the end of her 50th
year ? Why was the former Jubilee date
taken to be the 49th anniversary, and that
of the latter the 50th ?
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
FORBES-SKELLATER. — In the ' Dictionary
of National Biography ' it is stated that
"John Forbes (1733-1808) of Skellater,
usually known as Forbes-SkSsllater, general
in the Portuguese service, was the only son
of Patrick Forbes of Skellater." I have
always understood that General Forbes was
a son of George Forbes of Skellater. Perhaps
some reader of ' N. & Q.' can state who was
the father of General Forbes. J. F. J.
Minneapolis.
ROYAL SOCIETY : ITS RARITIES. — In de-
scribing the Indian ghi, or boiled butter,
Dr. John Fryer ('A New Account of East
India and Persia,' Hakluyt Society ed.,
1909, vol. i. 296 f.) writes: "On which
Dr. N. G. in his account of the Rarities of
the Royal Society has sufficiently enlarged."
I shall feel obliged if some one who has
access to this book will kindly give the exact
title, date, and a reference to the passage
mentioned by Fryer. W. CROOKE.
CROWN AGENTS.— What is the earliest
appointment of a London agent to repre-
sent a Colonial governor ? Jamaica, Bar-
bados, and Virginia seem to have had their
agents in London in the seventeenth century.
Can any one trace the earliest origin of this
system ? The Government Paper C. 3075
of 1881 is not sufficiently detailed to make
these points plain, although the Colonial
Office List seems to regard it as the great
authority on this subject.
C. H. R. PEACH.
HOUSE OP COMMONS PRAYER : SPEAKER
YELVERTON.— In Mr. Dasent's ' Speakers
of the House of Commons ' I see that Yelver-
ton is cited as the author of the prayer in
daily use in the House of Commons. Some
time ago, however, I remember reading an
article on this subject in one of our more
important reviews, and I am under the
impression that Bishop Cosin was said to
be the author of this prayer as well as of
that for the High Court of Parliament in
the Book of Common Prayer. Will some
one kindly correct me, or give me this
reference, which I am totally unable to trace
now, although it cannot be of more than
ten or twelve years ago ?
C. H. R. PEACH.
LAMB'S ' ROSAMUND GRAY.' — Is this tale
of Charles Lamb's wholly .fictitious ? It
was first published in 1798, the scene being
laid in Widford. I have heard that it
represents an episode in Lamb's life, and that
the cottage home of Rosamund existed
down to recent times. Perhaps some student
of the " gentle Elia " can supply informa-
tion on these points. Local inquiries yield
nothing. ™r "° ^-
Bishop's Stortford.
W. B. GERISH.
HALFACREE. — The curious name Half-
acree (pronounced Half'acree' with double
stress) is entered four times in the * Oxford
City Directory.' The suggestion made by
some, that this name is a corruption of
Halfacre, is obviously untenable. It looks
rather as though it represented half-acre ea,
i.e., " the ea [river] by the half-acre" ; "the
half -acre stream."
This derives reasonable support from the
fact that Guppy, ' Homes of Family Names,'
enters Halfacre as a family name (20 per
10,000 : see chap, i.) peculiar to Berkshire,
which county contains the southern portion
of the city of Oxford. The O.E. ea remains
in modern dialect ; see ' N.E.D.,' s.v. ' Ea.'
It would be interesting to know of any
other family name with ca for its final ele-
ment, and so oddly spelt.
G. FRIEDRICHSEN.
Oxford.
ST. PATRICK : ST. GEORGE. — What is the
earliest date of the legends connecting St.
Patrick with the shamrock, and St. George
with the dragon ? R. C. HOPE, F.S.A.
Florence.
D'TJRFEY AND ALLAN RAMSAY. In the
' Diet, of Nat. Biography,' under the heading
of Tom Durfey, the late J. W. Ebsworth
says : —
"D'Urfey certainly visited Edinburgh, perhaps
more than once, and made close acquaintance with
Allan Ramsay, early in the eighteenth century, at
bis shop in the Lucken booths."
468
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. HL JUNE 17, 1011.
Again, the same writer, in a note in * Rox-
burghe Ballads,' vii. 303, says : —
" Amusing would it be to trace the direct inter-
course which had probably existed in his closing
years between D'Urfey and Allan Ramsay. Letters
crossed between them after they had met personally.
But caprici"us Chronos, while preserving no end of
antiquarian lumber, cancels the diaries and letters
that we most covet."
Can some of your many readers say on
what authority these statements about
" close acquaintance," " letters crossed,"
and D'Urfey's visits to Edinburgh, are
made ? W.
Aberdeen.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
Can any one tell me where a poem said to
have been written by the late George W.
Thornbury is to be found ? I am very
anxious to see it, either in manuscript or
print. I know only two lines : —
And Capel and Hurst,
Charles drank to her first.
In some copies Wogan, I understand,
supplies the place of Capel.
EDWARD PEACOCK, F.S.A.
Kirton-in-Lindsey.
1. Welcome to the British shore.
Quoted by Cowper from " a song " in
August, 1765.
2. Smug and silver Trent.
3. When house and land ar3 gone and spent,
Then learning is most excellent.
4. And nonsense shall b» eloquence in love.
Quoted by Cowper as said by " Dry den or
Nat Lee."
5. And now a poet's gratitude you see :
Grant him two favours, and he '11 ask for three.
Said by Cowper to be from Dr. Young, but
I cannot find it in Young's works.
6. Adds fresh beauties to the spring,
And makes all nature look more gay.
Quoted (April, 1792) by Cowper from " a
song much in use when we were boys."
M. M.
" THE GAG," " GUILLOTINE," AND " KAN-
GAROO " AS PARLIAMENTARY TERMS. —
Who originated these amusing names ?
In a Herts paper I read : —
" Various instruments of torture had been in
vented in the House of Commons, and used from
time to time to the discomfort of that House
These were known as the Gag, Guillotine, and
Kangaroo. Tl«e most eccentric and remarkable of all
devices was the Kangaroo, which arranged that the
Chairman was allowed to select from a list of mem-
bers' amendments those to come before the House,
and members went home with the best speeches
they ever made in their lives undelivered. It was
a very aggravating thing, and caused much vexation
of spirit."
M. A. OXON.
[For " Kangaroo Closure " see ante, p. 345.]
' THE RAIGNE or KING EDWARD III.' :
FALCONRY. —
And dare a falcon when shees in her flight,
And ever after sheele be haggard like.
III. v. 46-7.
King Edward is speaking of the demoralizing
effect of sending aid to the Prince of Wales,
hard pressed at Cressi, and immediately
explains the simile he has used : —
Let Edward be delivered by our hands,
And still, in danger, hele expect the like.
The meaning of the illustration is thus made
quite clear, but since the play has been
ascribed to Shakspere, it would be interest-
ing and of some importance to know if the
terminology of falconry is accurately used.
The word "dare" seems to belong to the
art of catching larks, either by terrifying
them with hawks or by attracting them with
looking-glasses or red cloth, as in ' Henry
VIII.,' III. ii. 279.
Were falcons ever "dared" like larks?
and why should daring a flying falcon
make it a " haggard," or wild unreclaimed
hawk ?
The example is not given in the valuable
storehouse of Elizabethan sport, Mr. Justice
Madden' s ' Diary of Master William Silence.'
P. A. MCELWAINE.
ENVY, " ELDEST-BORN OF HELL." Will
any leader favour me with an exact and full
reference for the first use of the phrase
" eldest-born of Hell " as applied to Envy ?
H. V. KNOX.
SCALES FAMILY. — I shall be glad if some
one will throw light on the pedigree of the
Nottinghamshire family of Scales. Early
in May, 1644, the Earl of Manchester
besieged Lincoln Castle. It was a serious
undertaking, but was in the end successful.
Very soon after he was victorious, a
list was compiled of the Royalist officers
who had been made prisoners, and pub-
lished in London by R. Cotes for John
Bellamy. Among these occurs the name of
William Scales. The place of his residence
is not given, but there cannot be much
doubt that his home was in Nottingham-,
shire, probably on the east side thereof.
In ' The Rector's Book, Clay worth, Notts/
a work published last year, and reviewed in
' N. & Q.' at 11 S. i. 519, there occurs in the
ii s. in. JUNE 17, MIL] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
469
year 1688 a widow named Anne Scales
who had a son Aaron Scales. There is no
evidence as to what was his age at the time
the memorandum was made. I am in-
formed that Scales, a i-on of Job Scales,
was baptized at Scrooby on 3 March, 1704.
The Christian name has been omitted
or effaced.
In Ely the churchyard in 1854 there were
several stones in memory of members of th«
Scales family. Nearly all had been more
or less mutilated. Whether they are still
in existence I do not know. According
to the testimony of one of them, Elizabeth,
wife of Aaron Scales, died on 18 November,
1772 ; and her husband Aaron, it seems,
passed away soon after, but the date is
not perfect : his age was 71. Though they
were buried in Blythe churchyard, several
of them lived at Ranskill. Ann Scales,
daughter of Aaron and Elizabeth Scales of
Ranskill, must have been buried at Blythe.
She died 18 September, 1805, at the age
of 81. Martha Nelson too* who had a like
paternity, died 24 August, 1808, aged 82.
Elizabeth, wife of William Scales, late
of Ranskill, died 16 March, 1820, aged 78.
N. M. & A.
JACK KETCH. — When did the custom
close of choosing the public hangman from
the ranks of convicted criminals ? The
following instance occurs in The Whitehall
Evening Post of 8 May, 1756 :—
" The Fellow we mentioned some Time since
to have stolen two Pigs, and was thereupon sent
to Salisbury Gaol, has since been tried and found
guilty. He was reprieved, on Condition he would
turn Hangman, which Post he joyfully accepted of,
and has had some business in his new Profession,
and executed it with Decency and Dexterity for
so young a Beginner."
J. HOLD EN MACMlCHAEL.
TWINS AND SECOND SIGHT. — Is there any
precedent for the following curious happen-
ing, the facts of which are known to me to
be true ?
A gentleman living in London with his
wife and a daughter had a new parlourmaid,
a girl from the country. She waited at
dinner on the night of her arrival, and
the next motning said to her mistress :
" Please, m'rn, isn't Miss Elsie a twin ? "
" Yes, she was," replied the lady, " but
she lost her twin brother sixteen years ago,
when she was a baby. How did you know ? "
" I 'm a twin myself, m'm, and I always
have a feeling, which I can't explain, when
I'm in the room with any one who is a twin."
The mistress thought this sufficiently
I curious to warrant her making an experi-
j ment, so ten days later she gave a little
i dinner to which she invited a man who had
a twin brother. The man came, and the
maid duly waited upon him. Next morning
she said unprompted : "I know Mr. Smith
was a twin too, I felt it in my bones."
Are twins more prone to second sight
than other folk ? FRANK SCHLOESSER.
MOORE OF BANKHALL AND LIVERPOOL. —
The baronetcy conferred in 1675 became
extinct in 1810, on the death of Sir William
Moore. See * The Complete Baronetage,'
which does not give his wife's name. Else-
where she is stated to have been " Miss
Morris of Sleaford." Are there any male
descendants of this ancient family ? Sir
William had an uncle Cleave Moore and
an uncle Thomas Moore, and some of the
seventeenth-century owners of Bankhall
had large families of sons, so probably there
are collaterals alive. R. S. B.
CAPT. T. DRURY. — I shall be very glad
if any reader can give me information that
will identify Capt. Thomas Drury alias
Poignard with the printed pedigrees of the
Drury family. He is mentioned in Blome-
field's ' History of Norfolk ' as doing great
deeds during Ket's rebellion, and is said to
have died of the plague at Newhaven during
the siege of that town in 1563. His will
was proved in that year at Canterbury.
The entry in the printed list is as follows : —
" 1563. Thos. Drury alias Ponyerd. West-
minster, Norwich, Norfolk. Died at Newhaven."
CHARLES DRURY.
12. Ranmoor Cliffe Road, Sheffield.
CHRISTOPHER STAFFORD, Rector of Bothal,
Northumberland, 1691-1730, may probably
be identified with Christopher, son of Robert
Stafford of Yorks, admitted to Christ's
College, Cambridge, 23 May, 1684, aged 16,
M.A. 1691, in which year he was ordained
deacon at Lincoln and licensed to God-
manchester. He married before 1703 a
certain Dorothy, whose surname and family
are not known. Can any readers of ' N. & Q.'
supply information to prove the marriage,
or give further biographical details ?
G. G. BAKER CRESSWELL.
Barndale, Alnwick.
JOSEPH PAUL, SURGEON. --He died
March, 1763, having been surgeon of St.
Thomas's Hospital. Information concern-
ing his parentage, career, &c., would be much
appreciated. F. K. P.
470
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JUNE 17, mi.
SIB PETER WYCHE. — I should be very glad
if airy of your readers could put me on the
track of a portrait of Sir Peter Wyche,
who was ambassador to Constantinople
temp Charles I. I can find no engraved
portrait of this worthy in the Hope Collec-
tion here, but it is not improbable that a
painting is somewhere to be found.
B. H. BLACKWELL.
Oxford.
RAGS AND OLD CLOTHES LEFT AT
WELLS.
(US. iii. 409.)
THIS old practice may be said to extend all
over the world. Invalids visited wells and
fountains for healing purposes ; a coin
might be left with the monk or hermit,
keeper of the place, but an important func-
tion was leaving a piece of the clothing of
the devotee on some adjacent tree or bush.
We read that in Scotland, fifty years after
the Reformation, the wells " were all tapes-
tried about with old rags " ; it was so in
Ross-shire as late as 1860 (Proc. of the
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, iv. 209).
For the custom at St. Colman's Well in Ross-
shire and at St. Fillan's Well in Renfrew-
shire see ' Old Stat. Account of Scotland,'
i. 284, 316. For a well in Banffshire see
Robertson's ' Antiquities of Aberdeen and
Banffshire,' ii. 310. The practice is described
in a long article in Brand's ' Popular Anti-
quities,' entitled ' Customs and Super-
stitions concerning Wells and Fountains,'
pp. 516-20.
I have not all my notes by me, but there
are further references in S. Carter Hall's
'Ireland: its Scenery,' &c. ; Mitchell's 'The
Past in the Present,' pp. 149-51 ; and Folk-
lore, iv. 451-70. It would take up too much
space to give references, which are very
numerous. A. RHODES.
In a paper by Professor '(now Sir John)
Rhys on ' Manx Folk-lore and Superstitions,'
which appeared in Folk-lore (vol. ii. pp. 284-
313 ; and vol. iii. 74-91), he says (iii. 76) : —
" There is another point to which I should like
to draw attention, namely, the habit of writing
about rags as offerings, which they are not in all
cases. The offerings are the coins, beads, buttons,
or pins thrown into the well, or placed in a re-
ceptacle for the purpose close to the well. The
rags may belong to quite a different order of
things : they may be the vehicles of the diseases
which the patients communicate to them when
ihey spit out the well-water from their mouths.
The rags are put up to rot, so that the disease
supposed to cling to them may also die ; and
so far is this believed to be the case, that any one
who carries awiy one of the rags may expect to
attract the disease communicated to it by the
one who left it near the holy well. So it is highly
desirable that the distinction between the offer-
ings and the accursed things should be observed,
at any rate in writing of holy wells in the Isle of
Man. How far the same distinction is to be found
elsewhere I am unable to say ; but the question
is one that deserves attention."
S. Thomas, Douglas.
ERNEST B. SAVAGE.
There is a reference to the above custom
in ' The Evil Eye,' by Frederick Thomas
Elworthy (John Murray, 1905), on p. 59 :—
" We may easily find instances of the use [of
sympathetic magic] for beneficent or at least
harmless purposes. The idea prevails in various
parts of South Wales, where at certain holy wells,
each having a separate reputation of its own for
specific diseases, the faithful hang a piece of rag,
after having rubbed it over the part diseased,
upon some special tree or bush near the well,
in the belief that the rag absorbs the ailment
and that the sufferer will be cured. One or more
of these trees are covered with pieces of rag
placed on it by the believers."
The paragraph goes on to refer to the
accompanying practice of dropping pins into
the well, and in a note cites as an authority
' Sacred Wells in Wales,' by Prof. Rhys,
read before the Cwmrodorian Society,-
11 January, 1893. gj C. W. FIREBBACE.
Mr. R. C. Hope in the introduction to his
book entitled ' Holy Wells, their Legends and
Traditions ' (London, 1893), states that
" the hanging of rags and scraps of clothing on
branches of trees and on bushes about the holy
wells is probably a remnant of the old tree-
worship ; it obtains all over the globe ; it is
very common in Great Britain. In the Church-
prohibitions this tree- worship is variously men-
tioned as ' vota ad arbores facere ' ; ' arborem
colere ' ; ' votum ad arborem persolvere,' &c."
A. H. ARKLE.
- The practice noted in the query is not
confined to Ireland and Scotland. It pre-
vails to an equal if not greater extent in
England and Wales. A somewhat detailed
account of the customs observed at holy wells
will be found in Chambers' s * Book of Days,'
ii. 6-8.
The superstitious belief in wells, once
pretty prevalent all over Britain, is no longer
entertained, so far, at least, as Scotland is
concerned. When rags are still seen on
bushes adjoining wells the reason for their
presence is due to a cause quite other than
superstition. The wandering tribes | *
us. in. JUNE 17, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
471
homeless vagrants who infest the roads all
over the country find in Scottish holy wells
a convenient spot for the performance of
much needed ablutions. Their linen, how-
ever, such as it is, being of a frail and un-
substantial character, is apt to leave frag-
ments adhering to the bushes where it has
been hung to dry. Hence the frequency with
which rags may still be seen in the vicinity
of Scottish holy walls. SCOTTJS.
Primitive man's idea of transferring his
disease to an inanimate object through some
thing, as hair or nails or fragments of clothing,
is well known to folk-lorists. Sir Richard
F. Burton suggested that rags, locks of hair,
and whatnot hung on trees near sacred
places by the supsrstitious from Mexico to
India, and from Ethiopia to Ireland, were
deposited there as actual receptacles for the
transference of disease (see Tylor's * Primitive
Culture,' ii. 137). W. B. GERISH.
See J. M. Mackinlay's ' Folk-lore of Scottish
Lochs and Springs,' pp. 82, 189-93, 197, 200,
233. W. S.
MR. HARRIS STONE will find much valuable
information on this subject in Mr. E. S.
Hartland's ' Legend of Perseus,' 1895,
vol. ii. p. 175 ff. W. CROOKE.
Ebers and Guthe, ' Palestina,' ii. 248
and 358, mention among " the poor offerings
of the children of the desert " found at the
tombs of Moslem saints such objects as
" ostrich eggs, camel-halters, cloths, and
coloured rags." W. A. C.
These rags are noticed at 1 S. x. 397 ;
and the communications to ' N. & Q.' on
the subject of 'Wells' give references to
much literature which should be searched.
There is a long section on this very point in
Brand, ed. Ellis, published by Bohn, 1849,
ii. 380 sq. W. C. B.
[The quotation from Brand sent by Miss
G. DE CASSEL POLKABD has been forwarded to
MR. HARRIS STONE.]
"GREAT GEORGE OUR KING" (11 S. iii.
387). — According to Dr. Julian's ' Dictionary
of Hymnology,' the words " Great George
our King " were introduced into the National
Anthem in 1745 during the reign of George II.
They were the Hanoverian response to the
enthusiasm evoked in many quarters by the
Jacobite rebellion. The lines quoted in
the query are probably considerably later
than the time of George II., but are evidently
based on versions current after 1745.
W. SCOTT.
CORONATION BIBLIOGRAPHY (US. iii. 345,
453). — To the works already mentioned
may be added William Prynne's ' Second Part
of the Signal Loyalty and Devotion of God's
True Saints and Pious Christians under the
Gospel,' &c., 1660. Chap. viii. (pp. 148-
321) deals with the coronations of Christian
emperors, kings, and queens, from that of
the Emperor Justin and his Empress
Sophia, anno 565, down to James and
Charles II., with the order of proceedings,
prayers, &c. G. J. GRAY.
Cambridge.
QUEEN VICTORIA'S MATERNAL GREAT-
GRANDMOTHER (US. iii. 387, 438).— I note
that MR. WILLOUGHBY A. LITTLEDALE,
on the authority of the ' Wappen-Almanach'
of 1842, states that the marriage of Henry
XXIV. of Reuss with Caroline Ernestine
of Erbach-Schonberg took place on 28 June,
1754, whereas I gave the date as 28 July.
The point is of minor importance, but, as
accuracy in even the smallest matters is
desirable, I bejg to append the following note
as my authority : —
" According to Luck, the ehepacten were dated
27 July, 1754, and he quotes a letter of 29 July from
George Augustus to his brother George William,
which states that the marriage took place "28 dieses.'
Simon adopts this date, but the Reuss genealogies
(by Cohn, Behr, &c.) give 28 June."
This note is extracted from the valuable
papers by Mr. G. W. Watson on * The
4096 Quartiers of the Prince of Wales '
(King Edward VII.), which ran through The
Genealogist from October, 1899, to April,
1904. These papers trace the descent of
the late King back to the middle of the fif-
teenth century, and are absolutely necessary
to any one interested in royal genealogies.
W. F. PRIDEAUX.
The replies at the second reference some-
what perplex me. Queen Victoria's mother
was the Princess Victoria Mary Louisa of
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, who was married to
the Duke of Kent. She was the daughter
of Francis Frederick Antony, Duke of
Saxe-Saalfeld, who appears to have been the
son of Ernest Frederick, Dnke of Saxe-
Saalfeld. The latter accordingly must have
been Queen Victoria's maternal great-
grandfather, and his wife, whoever she
was, the Queen's maternal great-grand-
mother. How was the line of Saxe-Saalfeld
connected with that of Reuss ? and what
relationship, if any, was there between
Henry XXIV. of Reuss and Henry XIV. of
Reuss-Schleiz, born in 1832, or Henry XXII.
of Reuss-Greiz, born in 1846 ? W. S. S.
472
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. IIL JUNE 17, mi.
ROBERT HOLLO GILLESPIE AT VELLORE
(11 S. iii. 348, 397, 437).— The REV. E. L. H.
TEW will find an account of this dashing
incident in the ' Memoir of Major-General
Gillespie' (by Major William Thorne), 8vo,
London, 1816, pp. 98-107, and in a bio-
graphical sketch of Gillespie, from the pen
of the present Writer, which appeared in The
Northern Whig, 18 April, 1906. The latter
corrects some misstatements in the above
'Memoir,' and is founded on Gillespie' s dis-
patch to Sir John Cradock, dated " Vellore,
llth July, 1806," now in the Additional
MSS. in the British Museum. Several
letters appeared in The Monthly Review,
1907, from eyewitnesses and companions
in arms. Finally, Henry Newbolt in his
stirring poem ' Gillespie' s Ride ' in ' The
Island Race ' pays due poetic praise to the
hero.
MB. TEW is correct in his assumption that
the K.C.B. was gazetted before the news of
his death reached England.
EDITOR ' IRISH BOOK LOVER.'
Kensal Lodge, N.W.
[MB. J. C. RINGHAM thanked for a long account
of Gillespie's exploits, which has been forwarded to
the REV. E. L. H. TEW.]
SIR JOHN BUDD PHEAR (11 S. iii. 249) was
Chief Justice of Ceylon, and an oil painting
of him is on the walls of the Law Library,
Colombo. F. H. DE Vos.
Galle, Ceylon.
GOWER FAMILY OF WORCESTERSHIRE
(11 S. ii. 249, 417, 452).— I am greatly
obliged to MR. SALT BRASSINGTON for calling
my attention to the altar-tomb of Humphrey
Littleton and his wife in King's Norton
Church. He is in error, however, in saying
that the Gower coat on the tomb " is the
same as that now borne by the Leveson-
Gowers, viz., Barry of six argent and gules,
a cross patonce sable." The arms of the
Leveson-Gowers are Barry of eight or and
gules, over all a cToss-ftory sable. Glaze-
brook in his ' Heraldry of Worcestershire '
made a similar error. The wife of Humphrey
Littleton (Martha, daughter of Robert
Gower of Colemers) was undoubtedly a
member of the Worcestershire family : this
is clear from the pedigree in my possession.
The Colemers branch, so far as I have been
able to discover, always used the correct
family arms, i.e., Azure, a chevron between
three wolves' heads erased or ; and why the
other coat appears on Humphrey Littleton's
tomb I am unable to say.
My researches have satisfied me that,
although the Yorkshire and Worcestershire
families probably had a common origin,
there can be little doubt that they have been
separate and distinct since temp. Henry V.,
and consequently Nichols was wrong in his
statement that the first Earl Gower and Wm.
Gower, M.P. for Ludlow, were first cousins.
MR. BRASSINGTON points out that on
the Littleton tomb the arms of Grindall
are quartered with those of Gower. I have
up to the present been unable to trace the
connexion between the family of Grindall
and that of Gower of Worcestershire.
Can any correspondent help me ?
R. VAUGHAN GOWER.
'EDWIN DROOD' (11 S. iii. 307).— With-
out in any Way endeavouring to enter into
a discussion of the points raised in MR.
ANDERSON'S query, I may perhaps be allowed
to call his attention to an article in The
Bookman for March, 1908, pp. 229-37. It
was entitled, ' The Mystery of Edwin Drood :
Dickens' s Half -told Tale ' ; and the author
was Mr. B. W. Matz, editor of The Dicken-
sian. The article was presented in a three-
fold form: I. The Book: II. Attempts
to complete it and solve the Mystery ;
III. Its Topography. W. SCOTT.
'BRITONS, STRIKE HOME!' (11 S. iii.
367, 412.) — It is well to note that there
are at least two distinct songs with this
name.
The first is Purcell's, as mentioned by
DR. CUMMINGS in his reply. It is printed
in Chappell's ' National English Airs.' vol. i.
p. 157, and is annotated at vol. ii. p. 100.
The second is an old sea song, included
in Chappell's ' Popular Music of the Olden
Time,' vol. ii. p. 729. Of this Chappell
says : —
" It is one I well remember in the playground at
Fulham 40 years ago [i.e., circ. 1820]. Some half
a dozen boys would chant it in unison, using most
emphatic action at the words * strike homo.' "
The single stanza printed commences, "Our
ship carried over nine hundred men."
Chappell does not give the authorship of
the words. J. H. K.
GLASS AND PORCELAIN MANUFACTURED
AT BELFAST (US. iii. 408). — Beautiful cut
table glass Was manufactured in Ireland in
1750 or earlier, especially at Waterford, of
which I have a large collection. I should
be happy to show specimens or send photo-
graphs to ANTRIM, or to any one else
interested who will communicate with me.
The Waterford glass is extraordinarily
massive, and has a peculiar inky colour,
u s. in. JUNE 17, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
473
somewhat similar in appearance to petro-
leum oil. Some pieces realized high prices
at an auction sale in London on 15 May.
There was also cut glass manufactured at
Cork, Dublin, Londonderry, and Belfast,
but it has not the peculiar blue shade of
the Waterford glass, and is not so heavy.
I have heard that authentic specimens of
Waterford cut glass are now so much in
demand that they are actually sold by weight.
(Rev.) CAMPBELL LOCK.
Ashknowle, Whitwell, Ventnor.
ANTRIM is correct in his opinion that
glass of a high order was made in Belfast.
G. Benn ('History of Belfast,' 1877)
states that the first glasshouse was started
in 1785, thirteen persons of standing and
influence contributing 100/. each for the
purpose.
Mr. Dudley Westropp of the National
Museum, Dublin, has recently written a
valuable monograph on '^Irish Glass ' in the
Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. He
gives full details of glass-making in Belfast,
and would date its introduction at 1776 or
thereabouts, wrhen Edwards, a practical
glass-maker from Bristol, who had been
at work near Dungannon, came to Bally-
macarett and erected a large glasshouse.
In 1792 Smylie & Co. were also at Work ;
and a third manufactory was in existence
at Peter's Hill. Advertisements for appren-
tices to glass-cutting and engraving appear
at this time in the local press.
John Kane carried on the business till
about the middle of last century, and his
assistant W. A. Ross was successful for some
years afterwards, but turned to bottle-
making only, as fashion changed and cut
glass Was superseded by blown in public
estimation. The principal articles made
in Belfast were tumblers, wineglasses and
decanters, sugar and sweetmeat bowls,
pickle jars, jugs, cruet bottles, and more
rarely ornamental bowls and vases for
flowers and fruit. In some cases engraved
designs are added. Mr. Westropp figures
a decanter with the name Ben Edwards
stamped on the bottom.
No porcelain was ever manufactured in
Belfast, but Sacheverell, who visited the
town in 1698, notes : " The new Pottery
is a pretty curiosity set up by Mr. Smith,
the present Sovereign, and his predecessor
Capt. Leathes." Dr. Molyneux writes in
1708 : " Here we saw a very good manu-
factory of earthenware which comes nearest
to Delft of any made in Ireland." Benn
figures a specimen of this ware dated 1724.
! Some fragments were recently unearthed
j in Rosemary Street sufficient to show its
I affinity to Dutch or Rouen tin-glazed ware.
In 1791 another pottery was started by
Thomas Greg, S. M. Stephenson, M.D., and
John Ashmore. It continued till 1799.
Specimens of this ware resemble Wedg-
wood's Queen's ware : cups, saucers, plates,
and jelly moulds are sometimes met with.
R. M. YOUNG.
Belfast.
If ANTRIM turns up Benn's ' History of
Belfast,' vol. i., 1877, pp. 355-8, he will
find a full and interesting account of the
manufacture of both glass and porcelain.
Vol. ii., 1880, p. 72, also refers to " the sale
of flint glass, cut and engraved," in Canuck
Hill. EDITOR ' IRISH BOOK LOVER.'
[MR. TOM JONES and W. S. S. also thanked for
replies.]
THE ROYAL EXCHANGE PAVING-BLOCKS
(11 S. iii. 429). — According to Baedeker's
4 London and its Environs' (1905) "the
tessellated pavement of Turkey stone is
the original one of Giesham's Exchange."
A. R. BAYLEY.
' THE CHURCHES OF YORKSHIRE ' (11 S. iii.
366, 418). — In the list of Works by the Rev.
George Ayliffe Poole, collated by the late
Mr. John Taylor from his ' Bibliotheca
Northantonensis,' and printed in vol. i. of
Northamptonshire Notes and Queries, is the
following item : —
*' Churches of Yorkshire. Vol. I. Adel, Methley,
Skelton, Bolton Percy, Thirsk, Birkin, Budwith,
Leeds, 1844."
JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
CHURCH BRIEFS (11 S. iii. 348). — Two
excellent articles on ' Some Early Briefs '
were contributed by Mr. S. R. Bird to The
Antiquary, 1881, vol. iii. part i. pp. 167-9 ;
part ii. pp. 218-20. There is also a note
on ' Church Briefs ' by Mr. Richard B.
Prosser in The Antiquary, 1881, vol. iy.
pp. 34-5. Most of the points adverted to in
the query will be found discussed in The
Antiquary notices. S. W. S.
VESTRY HELD ON LADY DAY (11 S. iii.
288, 338).— May I thank W. C. B. for point-
ing out that what we should now call
" secular " business used to be transacted
at a vestry meeting held on Lady Day
(quarter day) ? I take it this only meant
that each parish held two ordinary vestry
meetings in each year — one at Lady Day,
and the other at or about Easter. This
474
NOTES AND QUERIES. ui s. m. JUNE 17, 1911.
hardly touches the question of any parish
nowadays holding the vestry for eccle-
siastical business at some other time than
that generally accustomed. W. S. B. H.
Canon 90 enjoins that the choosing of
churchwardens shall take place in Easter
week, but the courts having decided that an
election at any other time is valid in law, it
does not appear to matter very much at
what precise date the annual meeting of the
vestry takes place.
In these parishes, as in others in the City,
it is the custom to meet, not in Easter week
itself, but in the week immediately following,
as experience has shown that many business
men leave town for the vacation and do not
return till the week is too far advanced to
render it convenient for them to attend.
Some parishes in the square mile hold the
meeting the week before Easter for a similar
reason.
WILLIAM McMuRRAY, Vestry Clerk.
St. Anne and St. Agn^s with St. John Zachary.
AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (11 S.
S. iii. 409).— Perhaps G. H. J.'s third
quotation,
After snow the snowdrop,
After death comes life,
may be an indistinct recollection of
Out of the Snow) the Snowdrop— out of Death
Comes Life,
from ' Poet Andrew,' Robert Buchanan's
poetic account of his dead friend David
Gray, to be found in ' Idyls and Legends of
Inverburn,' London, 1865.
EDITOR ' IRISH BOOK LOVER.'
* HAMLET ' IN 1585 : ENGLISH ACTORS
IN SCOTLAND (11 S. iii. 267, 311, 398,
416). — The statement quoted by IONIA
seems to associate itself, somewhat freely,
with the 'Menaphon' allusion (1589) and
the description on the title-page of the
first quarto (1603) of ' Hamlet '—" as it
hath beene acted in the two Vniversities of
Cambridge and Oxford." V.
Boscombe.
Perhaps a near approach to what is wanted
may be found in an article in The National
Review, 1896-7, vol. xxviii., entitled 'A
Guess at the Origin of Hamlet.' SCOTUS.
IONIA may find some information in
chap. iv. of Lee's 'Life of Shakespeare,'
which refers to visits to Scotland by an
English company in 1599 and 1601. The
arrival at Leith by boat is not mentioned,
but may be in some of the references given
by Mr. Lee, viz., Knight's ' Life of Shake-
speare,' p. 41, Fleay's ' Stage,' p. 135 ;
MS. State Papers Dom., Scotland, P.R.O.,
vol. Ixv. No. 64. P. A. MCELWAINE.
BIRTHDAYS AND THE CHANGE OF CALENDAR
(11 S. iii. 387).— After onr belated change of
the calendar from the Old to the New Style
in 1752 (3 September), all anniversaries of
birthdays of living persons were altered
(i.e. postdated) by eleven days, as far as the
law was concerned. Whether private cele-
brations of such anniversaries took place
on the statutory dates or on the nominal
dates would be a matter of personal and
domestic concern.
The reason why, by statute, the birthday
of George III. could not properly, after
1752, be celebrated on 24 May is simple
and clear. For example, take his first
birthday anniversary after his accession,
i.e., that in 1761 ; if it had been celebrated
on 24 May, it would have been celebrated
when he was aged 22 years and 354 days.
On 4 June his age was 23 full years. This
reckoning of full years was enforced by statute
as to every one then living in regard to legal
rights and obligations. Concerning birth-
days and terms of service the following
extract from statute 24 Geo. II., c. 23, sec. 6,
is very explicit (this is the statute which
enacted the change to the New Style) : —
" No Person or Persons whatsoever shall be
deemed or taken to have attained the said Age of
one and twenty Years, or any other such Age as
aforesaid, or to have completed the Time of any
such Service as aforesaid, until the full Number of
Years and Days shall be elapsed on which such
Person or Persons respectively would have attained
such Age, or would have completed the Time of such
Service as aforesaid, in case this Act had not been
made."
The Act provided (sec. 5) against curtail-
ment of rights of property, e.g., concerning
rents due on certain days. These and
such like were not to be accelerated, but
were to be payable on the same respective
natural days as the same should and
ought to have been payable in case the Act
had not been made.
It may be said generally that the Act
made it clear, as to contracts and ages of
persons, that the first year after the Act
came into force was to be a full year for
each person or contract, and not a year less
eleven days. As by statute the moment
the 2nd day of September had passed, the
day entered upon was the 14th of Septem-
ber instead of the 3rd, so there was a corre-
sponding alteration of nominal dates re-
garding persons and contracts, e.g., 4 June
us. m. JUNE IT, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
475
&s to birthdays of living persons, took
the place of 24 May.
Sect. 3 made a different provision as to
fixed feast-days, holy-days, "and fast-days.
Christmas, for example, remained in the
new calendar on the same nominal day
as in the old. Similarly the fast of the
martyrdom of King Charles remained on
the same nominal day as before, instead of
being appointed for 10 February, which
would have been the natural day.
I have taken these two as examples only.
They are not specially named, but come
under the provisions of sec. 3 : —
" From and after the said second day of Septem-
ber all and every the fixed Feast-days, Holy-days
and Fast-days, which are now kept and observed
by the Church of England, and also the several
solemn Days of Thanksgiving, and of Fasting and
Humiliation, which by virtue of any Act of Parlia-
ment now in being, are, from Time to Time, to be
kept and observed, shall be kept and observed on the
respective Days marked for the Celebration of the
same in the said New Calendar ; that is to say, On
the same respective nominal Days on which the
same are now kept and observed ; but which
according to the Alteration by this Act intended to
be made as aforesaid, will happen eleven days
sooner than the same do now."
Lest there should appear to be a confusion
as to the 2nd and 3rd of September, 1752,
it is well to note that in the statute the day
at the beginning of which the change was
to come into effect is spoken of as " the
natural day next immediately following the
said second day of September."
If POLITICIAN will refer to a reply of mine
at 10 S. iv. 173, he will find examples of
changes of celebration dates besides that of
the birthday of George III. The accession
of George II., 11 June, 1727 (Old Style),
was in 1753 celebrated on 22 June (New
Style). The swearing-in of the Lord Mayor
at Westminster had been on 29 October
(Old Style). In 1752 it took place on
9 November (New Style).
At 10 S. iv. 175 E. G. B. refers to John
Wesley, who, having been born on 17 June,
1703, recognized, after the adoption of the
Gregorian calendar, the corresponding New
Style date, 28 June, as the anniversary of his
birthday. ROBERT PIEBPOINT.
KITTY CUTHBERTSON, THE NOVELIST
(US. iii. 429).— The Miss Kitty Cuthbert-
son alluded to by Sir G. Trevelyan was
probably a daughter of Capt. Bennet Cuth-
bertson of the 5th Regiment, in which he
served for 25 years, retiring about 1772.
He lived then in Dublin, but was a native
of Northamptonshire. He married Cathe-
rine, daughter of Dr. Thomas Bell, and sister
of Sir Thos. Bell, M.D., of Dublin, State
Physician. Elinor, youngest daughter of
Dr. Bell, married my great-grandfather Thos.
Wright. Another daughter, Olivia, married
Owen Young of Castlerea, and was mother
of Dr. Matthew Young, Senior Fellow
T.C.D. and Bishop of Clonfeit, founder of
the Royal Irish Academy, and the most
famous literal y man in Ireland at the close
of the eighteenth century. Bishop Young
married his first cousin Anne Cuthbertson,
by whom he had a family.
Three other daughters of Capt. Cuth-
bertson were Olivia, Catherine, and Julia,
who removed to London and wrote romances.
One of these was ' The Romance of the
Pyrenees.' Copies of some romances were
seen by me in the Brit. Mus. Lib. some years
ago. WM. BALL WEIGHT, Clk.
Osbaldwick Vicarage, York.
DRAWING THE ORGAN : COPES (11 S. iii.
349, 412). — I am not satisfied with J. T. F.'s
suggestion, because the number of copes
disposed of is much greater than the church
of a little place like St. Colvmb in Cornwall,
whose accounts are referred to, would be
possessed of. The parish occasionally sold
surplices, but two in a year (1596) was the
highest number.
It has been suggested to me that " copes "
is "coppice," and as this is consistent
with the entries in the book, I am inclined
to think that my conundrum is solved.
YGREC.
BISHOPS' TRANSCRIPTS OF LONDON PARISH
REGISTERS (11 S. iii. 303).— The first entry
in the list of transcripts as printed may
lead to a misconception. Two separate
records are meant to be referred to, not one,
the parish of SS. Anne and Agnes and the
precinct of Bridewell being situated in
different parts of the City.
WILLIAM McMuRRAY.
FIFIELD D'AssiGNY (11 S. iii. 409). —
If G. F. R. B. has not obtained particulars
elsewhere, he will find them in Dr. Chetwode
Crawl ey's ' Csementaria Hibernica,' fasci-
culus ii. (1896). As this is a privately printed
work, if G. F. R. B. has any difficulty in
obtaining access to a copy, perhaps he will
write to me. GEO. W. G. BARNARD.
Norwich.
DA COSTA (11 S. iii. 389).— Emanuel
Mendez Da Costa, foreign secretary to the
Royal Society, died, according to Allibone,
about 1788. He appears to have been
domiciled in . this country about the time
476
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. m. JUKE 17, imi.
when the two boys referred to in the query
entered Westminster School. Possibly there-
fore he may have been their father. "Much
interesting matter relating to Da Costa,"
says Allibone, " will be found in Nichols's
' Literary Anecdotes,' and an account of his
family, compiled from his own notes, may
be seen in Gent. Mag., Ixxxiii. 21." U.
C. H. SPURGEON'S KNOWLEDGE OF GREEK
(11 S. iii. 267). — The desired information is
to be found on p. 56 of ' The Life and
Letters of Sir George Grove,' by Charles
L. Graves, 1903, and still fuller details on
the subject at 10 S. iii. 206. For this infor-
mation I am indebted to a Melbourne corre-
spondent, for whose kind courtesy I desire
permission to express my obligations.
This is not the first time I have been
honoured, through the medium of ' N. & Q.,'
with valuable information from various
parts of the world, for which attention one
cannot be too grateful.
FREDK. CHARLES WHITE.
26, Arran Street, Roath, Cardiff.
WILLIAM EVATT (11 S. iii. 367, 437).—
In the 1802 volume of The Gentleman1, s
Magazine — Obituary, July — the correct de-
scription of William Evatt is given, viz.,
one of the clerks of the House of Commons.
In the Votes for Supply, August, 1784^
payment is made to William Evatt, clerk
of the Select Committee on the administra-
tion of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, for
defraying charges of the establishments.
GEORGE J. H. EVATT.
Junior U.S. Club.
" RHUBARB " : ITS DERIVATION (11 S. iii.
328, 392). — In the term Eha Ponticum does
the adjective really present any difficulty ?
The word in itself certainly need not refer to
the kingdom or province of Pontus. When
" the most capricious poet, honest Ovid,
was among the Goths," and applied this
epithet again and again to the land of his
exile, he did not imagine that he was
languishing on the southern shore of the
Euxine. It seems not unreasonable to
suppose that the plant or drug acquired
its name because it reached the Western
world through a trade route that passed
by the Black Sea. Equally, if it could be
shown that " Pontic " had reference to
the province, it need not be supposed that
the plant was grown there. " Turkey "
and " Russian " rhubarb were named from
the countries through which they were
imported. EDWARD BENSLY.
JUDGE JEFFREYS AND THE TEMPLE
CHURCH ORGAN (11 S. iii. 427, 452).— The
organ was reconstructed in the autumn of
1910, and on its being reopened two his-
torical articles appeared in The Times
(16 and 17 December, 1910), according to-
which the old organ was " purchased in f
June, 1688, by the Societies of the Middle
and Inner Temple for LOOOZ." Mr. Hugh
H. L. Bellot in his book ' The Inner and
Middle Temple,' 1902, at p. 226 quotes
Luttrell as giving the price as 1,5002.
I do not think that MR. U.DAL is quite
accurate (see foot-note, ante, p. 427) in
assigning the seats of the two societies to the
eastern and western sides respectively of
the church. The members of the Middle
Temples sit on the north side, and those
of the Inner Temple on the south. M.
ROBERT AINSWORTH THE LEXICOGRAPHER
(US. iii. 406).— He is buried in the East
India Company's Chapel at Poplar. On the
south wall is a tablet inscribed as follows : —
Rob. Aiusworth et uxor ejus admodmn senes
Dormituri vestem detritam hie exuerunt,
Novam primo mane surgentes induturi.
Dura fas, mortalis, sapias et respice finem
Hoc suadent manes hoc canit Amramides.
Robert Ains worth
author of the Latin Dictionary
was born at Woodyate, Clifton, Lancashire
September 1660
and died in London April 1743.
This monument was
restored by
J. H. Ains worth, Esqr
of Moss Bank, near Bolton. Lancashire,
A.D. 1862.
Below are the following arms : Gules, three
battleaxes or. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itchington, Warwickshire.
I know not whether the person under-
named was any relation to the lexicographer,
but parties interested in the family may
like to know that an earlier Robert Ayns-
worth commenced to officiate as one of the
two parish clerks of St. ^Mary's, Nottingham,
in May, 1620. He was buried there on
23 October, 1630, having died while holding
that office. A. S.
BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT (11 S.
iii. 2, 142, 403). — When I was a lad there
stood on the site of the piesent Bishopsgate
Institute a repository for sale of horses, .
carriages, &c. I attended many a horse-
sale there in the old days. I cannot say
off-hand when the business was given up,
but I think it was still in existence in the
nineties. M. L. B. BRESLAR.
•
us. in. JUNK n, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
477
"The White Dogs" (ante, p. 2) seems
to be one of the many musical or convivial
«lubs which met periodically at the close
of the eighteenth century and commence-
ment of the nineteenth. They had all sorts
of names, some of which still survive,
though in altered form, such as the Buffaloes.
The Elks was another, which I believe
migrated to New York. In our days we
have the Water Rats and the Terriers,
while the corresponding one in America is
the Lotus-eaters. A. RHODES.
BOOLE-LEAD: BOLE: BULL (11 S. iii.
326, 411). — I am pleased to have been the
means of bringing to PROF. SKEAT'S notice
the old mining terms in elucidation of which
he has contributed so interesting a reply, and
I desire to express my thanks both to him
and to MR. JOHN HODGKIN.
By an oversight I had failed to consult
the ' N.E.D.,' and therefore I ignored (not
"suppressed") the evidence quoted there-
from, which certainly seems to disprove the
idea that bole was derived from bulla. The
" definition of 1670" was taken direct from
my authority — ' Chantrey Land,' by Harold
Armitage, on whose pages (in response to
PROF. SKEAT'S desire for the dates) I further
draw for the following particulars : —
"Mr. [Sidney O.] Addy in his 'Glossary' has
shown that in West's * Symboleographie,' 1647,
•Sect. 133, is a form of bond whereby the obligor is
bound to deliver 'ten foothers of lead,' &c In
the Court Rolls of the Manor of Holmesfield for
1669 we are told of ' a paine set that noe person or
persons shall digg, hack, or break upp any old bole
works upon the Commons or lord's wast within
this said manor, upon pavne for every such offence
•six shillings, eight pence.'"
ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.
It looks as if " boole-weight " meant the
customary weight used at the lead-boles,
with a fother based on the stone of Edward
III., "every stone to contain fourteen
pounds.'' This specification would be in
contradistinction to the statute fother of
31 Edward I., based on a stone of about
12 to 121 ib., and the standard unit of lead-
weight to the present time. This stone was
possibly intended to pave the way for the
14 Ib. stone, one-eighth of a new hundred-
weight, first of 108 Ib., then of 112 Ib.,
thus abolishing, as far as a statute can, the
old 16 Ib. stone and the true hundred-
weight. It is described most confusedly
in 31 Edward I., a statute requiring much
experience of the deluding mediaeval
statutes on weights and measures to avoid
stumbling over its gross contradictions.
The stone was to be \'2\ Ib. ; it was also to
be 12 Ib. ; and both these weights were
especially ordered for lead. The fotmal
(foot) was to be six stone of 12 Ib., less 2 Ib.,
" which are 70 Ib., making 5 stone." As
these 5 stone are of 14 Ib., it looks as if the
words I have quoted were an interpolation
temp. Edward III. That the fotmal was
also taken as 6 stone of 12J Ib., less 2 Ib.,
i.e. 73 Ib., is shown by 30 fotmal of this
weight = 2 1 9 0 Ib . , b eing almost exac tly the
19J-hundredweight fother which has come
down to the present time.
It was probably the uncertainty of the
statute fotmal that led to the use of boole-
weight based on the new stone of 14 Ib.
EDWARD NICHOLSON.
Paris.
One of the boundaries in the description
of some closes at Norton, co. Derby, in 1650,
is "a lane leading between Hymsworth
and the Bole hill." W. C. B.
CUSTOM HOUSE CUTTERS (11 S. iii. 228). —
If I remember rightly, Vanslyperkyn, who
in Marry at' s ' Snarleyyow ; or, The Dog
Fiend,' commanded a Revenue cutter, was
a naval lieutenant. I think that the period
of the novel was the reign of William III.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
The coastguard service was transferred
in 1856 from the Customs Department to
the charge of the Admiralty. In many
particulars no radical alteration was made
by this change in the conditions prevailing
in the eighteenth century. The coastguard
stations or districts were under the charge
of a Navy captain, who had a guardship
at, some port in his district. To this guard-
ship the Revenue or Custom House cutters,
employed to run down smugglers, were
attached as tenders. In all cases, so far
as I have read, the cutters were commanded
by lieutenants of the Royal Navy. S. S.
SIR WILLIAM ASHTON, KT., M.P. (11 S.
iii. 387). — An extract from Bean's ' Parlia-
mentary Representation of the Six Northern
Counties of England ' may perhaps shed
some light on the subject of this query : —
" Sir R. Assheton (M.P. Lancashire 1694 to 1698)
was eldest son of Sir Ralph Assheton, first baronet
of Middleton, M.P. for Clitheroe 1660 (who was
eldest son of the above [R. Assheton] Parliamentary
general), and grandson of Sir Ralph Assheton of
Great Lever, who was made a baronet in 1620. He
succeeded as second baronet (of Middleton) in
April, 1665; and was M.P. for Liverpool 1676.
The Assheton who was made a baronet (of Great
Lever) in 1620 was son of Ralph Assheton of Lever,
478
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. in. JUNE 17, 1911.
and father of Sir Ralph the second baronet, whose
sister Anne married the Sir Ralph Assheton who
was made a baronet (of Middleton) in 1660."
This extract, though somewhat confusing,
proves, at least, a relationship between
the Asshetons of Middleton and those of
Great Lever.
Burke' s ' Landed Gentry ' states that
Thomas Ashton of Hatfield Court, co. Here-
ford, living in 1875, was the son of the late
Samuel Ashton, Esq., of Middleton, near
Manchester. This would seem to show
that the old Asshetons of Middleton in
course of time spelt their name " Ashton,"
and were represented in lineal descent by
(among others) the Ashtons of Hatfield
Court, co. Hereford. SUTOCS.
JAMES SHIPDEM, 1688 (US. iii. 407).—
Godwin Shipdam, chaplain, held a tenement
in Bury St. Edmunds, 20 Hen. VI. (Copinger's
' Suffolk Records,' i. 387).
W. B. GERISH.
No list, I believe, of those who came
over with William of Orange is known to
be in existence. In a paper in ' Selections
from the Harleian Miscellany ' it is esti-
mated that the number of troops that landed
with William amounted to something less
than 24,000 men. These were of a very
heterogeneous character. It is hardly likely
that even the officers who commanded so
large and varied a body of men would be
accurately enumerated in any document
of the period. T. S. R. W.
BEE-SWARMS (11 S. iii. 406).— Many years
ago I saw a swarm of bees in church. The
south door had been left open for coolness,
and during sermon time the bees sailed in
and settled on the bonnet of a maiden lady
sitting in the same pew as I, immediately
under the pulpit. She took off her bonnet,
laid it on the seat beside her, gave a reassur-
ing nod to the parson, and I doubt whether
half a dozen of the scanty congregation
knew anything about it. When sermon was
over the clerk, to whom the bees belonged,
fetched them away in a skep. C. C. B.
MARRIAGE OF DIVORCED PERSONS TEMP.
ELIZABETH (11 S. iii. 226). — An account
of the anomalous state of the law of divorce
in the reigns of Edward VI. and Elizabeth,
and of the peculiar case of John Stawell's
divorce, will be found in the third column of
p. 598 of The Athenceum for 27 May.
JOHN B. WAINE WRIGHT.
" WELCOME AS THE FLOWERS IN MAY "
(11 S. iii. 367, 414).— Let us do proper
honour to our great patron. Captain Cuttle,
apostrophizing Wal'r, declared he was
" welcome to all as knowed you, as the-
flowers in May " (' Dombey and Son/
chap. xlix.). W. C. B.
JOHN VESEY, ARCHBISHOP OF TUAM
(US. iii. 429).— The Most Rev. John Vesey,
D.D., Archbishop of Tuam, married, (1)
by licence dated 11 June, 1662, Rebecca
Wilson ; (2) Anne, daughter of Col. Agmond-
isham Muschamp. See Burke' s ' Peerage,'
1911, p. 586, col. 2 (De Vesci) ; and Lodge's
' Peerage,' 1910, for date of licence.
T. SHEPHERD.
MEW OR MEWES FAMILIES (US. iii. 105,
196). — There is a pedigree of Ellis Mews
of Stourton Caundle in the Visitation of
Hampshire, 1686, at the Heralds' College,
A descendant of this Ellis married a St. John,
and their son married his first cousin (also
a St. John) and assumed by Act of Parlia-
ment the surname of St. John in lieu of
Mews, on succeeding to the estates of this
branch of the great house of St. John.
The same -Visitation gives a pedigiee of the
St. Johns. SNOOKS ,
"CAPPING" AT SCOTTISH UNIVERSITIES
(US. iii. 386, 436). — BLADUD may be inter-
ested in the fact that undergraduates at
Coimbra go about bareheaded, and robed
in a long flowing vestment which might
easily be used as a hood did occasion require
it. I believe that these young men have
a cap of some kind in their outfit, because
I have heard of their "firing" articles of
that nature on to the stage when they hav»
been stirred by the charms of an actress or
a songstress. I was once much amused
to see some Coimbra students dancing after
dinner in an hotel, to the strains of a piano
which one of their company evoked. They
had no feminine friends present, so they
performed a Spurgeonesque round dance,
and enj oyed it right well.
Boys at Charterhouse are apt to "cap"
masters by touching the back of their
(own) heads. This is because the peak of
the cap is so often worn turned away from
brow to nape. In Farmer's ' Public School
Woid-Book' we have cap (verb) defined as
" To take off or touch one's hat in saluta-
tion," with the respectable example : " 1593,
H. Smith, 'Serm.' (1871), i. 203;> How
would they cap me were I in velvets."
ST. SWITHIN.
ii s. m. JUNE IT, 1911. j NOTES AND QUERIES.
479
0n
Transactions of the Baptist Historical Society.
Vol. II. No. 3, with Supplement. (Baptist
Union Publication Department.)
WE are glad to receive another issue of the
Transactions of this useful Society — specially
useful because it delves into byways of history
likely to be overlooked by the general historian.
The papers in this, as in previous numbers,
are full of suggestions.
The first, by Mr. Champlin Burrage, gives an
account from original records of Dr. Peter
Ch&mberlen's First Day Church. These afford
full details as to its management ; its members
seem at times to have been a source of considerable
trouble to their pastor.
Mr. Farrer contributes an article on c The Fifth
Monarchy Movement.' One of the most eminent
preachers of the Fifth Monarchists was John
Rogers. His programme was embodied in his
numerous manifestoes to Cromwell : " To choose
the men that must goverrf this Commonwealth.
2. Either a Synhedrin, Parliament, Council of
Seventy, or else one of a (each) county. But if
the present junction of affairs requires a quicker
despatch, that in the interim twelve worthies
may be chosen as present governors — like to
Israel's twelve judges. 3. They must be men
fearing God, lovers of truth and justice, hating
bribes and covetousness, which corrupt justice,
not respecters of persons, wise (though not
politic), and understanding in the times and
seasons (Scripture reference? for each quality).
They must govern as the servants of Jesus Christ,
but not as Lords over Christ." Rogers urges
the Protector to " consult with the saints, and
send to all discerning and spirited men for their
proposals." Rogers's proposals, save as regards
the numbers, substantially coincided with the
plans that were actually adopted.
Another article, ' Thomas Tryon, 1634-1703,'
is by Mr. J. 0. Foster, who in his introduction to
this brief memoir refers to the fact that " Baptists
are sometimes charged with claiming on the
slightest pretext any considerable person as an
adherent," and mentions " the broad assertion
that Milton was a Baptist." This, apart from
some qualifying epithet, may be too inclusive,
" for the full confessions of Faith, the genius and
temper of the Anabaptists of the seventeenth
century in England, cast no spell upon him.
It was our practice with regard to baptism by
immersion 1 e approved ; t'-.e integrity of our
mode, when traced to primitive precedents, he
endorsed."
Mr. Foster shows that Tryon held no ambiguous
relation to the Baptists at one period of his
life : " This he makes abundantly clear in his
memoirs."
Of very 'humble parentage, Tryon was born
at Bibury (Mr. Foster here correct a i-lip made
in the new edition of ' The Encyclopaedia Bri-
tannica,' which give Bilbury) on the 6th of
September, 1634. At the age of 23 he " received
his vision and call to his prophet-like service,"
and " never was man more devoted to his
' ideal.' " He enforced so earnestly, by both
speech and writing, what he himself practised f
that he induced many disciples to follow with him
what he called " a Pythagorian life." The
dietary included vegetarianism, and spare at that ;
light clothing, cleanliness, self-denial, abstinence-
He was indeed a radical reformer, far in advance-
of his times, and his call was for an austerity
so noble that only heroic spirits could bid
for it.
A bibliography of the books he published i»
supplied, and Mr. Foster gives the epitaph which
appears in the last page of the memoirs. It is-
so quaint that we quote it : —
Here lies his Dust, whose Heavenly Mind
Moy'd like Angelick Nature unconfin'd ;
Which lest his Body shou'd control,
He almost work't it up to Soul :
What some by reading, and hard Study wrought
He did compendiously by thought :
Such refin'd notions to the world he gave,
As Men with Angels Entercourse might hav*1 :
Shewed how to live on cleanest Food,
To abstain from Flesh, and Fish, and Blood :.
Harmless his Life was, as his Food,
Both Patriarchal, Primitively good.
His Works will Eternize his Fame,
And his best Epitaph's his name :
In short, here doth Entombed lie
All of Great Tryon that could die.
The Supplement to the Transactions contains-
Principal Gould's Tercentary paper on ' The-
Origins of the Modern Baptist Denomination.'
In the space of twenty pages he gives a succinct
account, derived from the great stores of know-
ledge he has on the subject.
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JUNE.
MESSRS. BOWES & BOWES of Cambridge
devote their Catalogue 350 to the Works of
Greek and Latin authors and Commentaries
thereon, and Works on Ancient History, Anti-
quities, and Philosophy from the Library of the
late Prof. Mayor. All have his book-plate inside,
and several contain manuscript notes by him ;
for instance, in Liddell and Scott there are up-
wards of 40. There are in all over thirteen
hundred items. At the end of the Catalogue is
a list of bound volumes of pamphlets and papers,
the subjects including Ancient Authors, Ancient
History and Antiquities, Philology and History,.
Latin Authors, Latin Poets, &c.
Mr. L. C. Braun's Catalogue 70 contains-
Chappell's ' Ballad Literature,' 2 vols., 11. 5s. ;
' Versailles,' by B. Cole, 1725, 31. ; and Mark-
ham's 'Pewter Marks,' 12s. Qd. There is a list
under Classics. Under English Literature will
be found Singer's ' Shakespeare,' the original
Chiswick Press edition, 10 vols., half-calf, 1826,
37. 10s. ; Swift, 5 vols., 16mo, morocco, 1823,
21. ; and Smollett's ' Miscellaneous Works,' with
Life by Anderson, 6 vols., calf, 1800, 17. 15s.
There are works under French Literature, also
under Historical and Biographical. Under Old
and Curious is a collection of tracts on Navigation,
mostly in black-letter. In the Addenda are
Pickering's beautiful edition of the ' Decameron,
3 vols., calf, 1825, 17. 10s. ; and Stockdale's
edition of Gay's ' Fables,' 2 vols., calf, 1793, 37.
480
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. ra. JUNE 17, 1911.
Mr. Braun also sends Catalogue 71, which is
-devoted to Old Engraved Topographical Views,
many in colour, including London and its sur-
roundings. There are also a number of engraved
portraits of various periods, including a fine
collection relating to the French Revolution.
Mr. Henry Davey's Catalogue 28 contains
lists under America, Court Memoirs, Freemasonry,
India, Ireland, and London. The general portion
includes Ben Jonson and Beaumont and Fletcher,
with notes by Whaley and Colman, 4 vols.,
royal 8vo, morocco, 1811, 1L 10s.; Finden's
' Illustrations to Byron,' 3 vols., 15s. ; Halliwell's
' Dictionary of Archaic Words,' 2 vols., 12s. Qd. ;
' The Amazing Marriage,' first edition, 2 vols.,
cloth, uncut, 1895, 10s. Qd. ; Nares's ' Glossary,'
4 vols., cloth, 1867, II. Is. ; and Pilkington's
* Dictionary of Painters,' 2 vols, in 1, 4to, half-
morocco, 1805-10, 11. 2s. Qd. George Sala's
copy of Mackay's ' Thames and its Tributaries,'
2 vols., 8vo, half-morocco, 1840, is 11. Is. In-
scribed on the title-page is: " George Augustus
Sala, Brighton, Xmas, 1893. Charles Mackay
was my proposer at the Reform Club, Pall Mall,
in 1862. My seconder was W. M. Thackeray.
The Daily Telegraph was then regarded as a
•' sensational ' newspaper, and I was one of the
young lions sneered at by Matthew Arnold, but
a powerful whip was made to support me, and
I got in triumphantly."
Mr. Bertram Dobell's Catalogue 196 contains
items under Anthology. Under Bibliography is
Lowndes, enlarged edition, with Appendix,
6 vols. in 11, 1861-8, 11. 2s. Qd. Under Carlyle is
' Frederick,' 6 vols., 8vo, 11. 10s. Works under
Drama include Knight's ' Life of Garrick ' and
Fitzgerald's ' Garrick Club.' There are works
under Folk-lore and under India. The first edi-
tion of Jefferies's ' Nature near London ' is 15s. ;
and the Library Edition of Kinglake's ' Crimea,'
8 vols., original cloth, 21. 5s. There is much of
interest under London, also under Napoleon.
The Library Edition of Motley's ' United Nether-
lands,' 4 vols., original cloth, is 21. 2s. Under
Scotland is Burton's ' History,' 7 vols"., also from
the Revolution, 1689-1748, together 9 vols.,
1853-70, 61. 6s. There are a number of other
Avorks under Scotland and Scottish.
Messrs. Maggs Brothers send Catalogue 267,
containing Books in General Literature. Under
Ballads is Child's ' English and Scottish Ballads,'
Boston and New York, 1882-98, 5 vols., half-
morocco, 12Z. 18s. Pickering's edition of Boc-
caccio, 3 vols., green morocco by Riviere, 1825, is
61. 10s. ; Slater's ' Book-Prices Current,' 18 vols.,
15Z. 15s. ; Prior's ' Life of Burke,' extra-illus-
trated, 2 vols., half-morocco, 1826, 10Z. 15s. ;
Froissart, with the 72 illuminated plates by
Humphreys, 2 vols., morocco, 1839, 10Z. 10s. ;
and the Edition de Luxe of Dickens, 30 vols.,
morocco, 1881-2, 26Z. There is ' Gil Bias ' with
Smirke's plates and also 169 additional plates,
4 vols., half -levant, 151. 15s. Under Napoleon
and the French Revolution is Barere's ' Memoirs,'
translated by Payen-Payne, 4 vols. extended
to 8 by 380 additional illustrations, 45Z. A
collection of Cobbett's works, first editions,
30 vols., calf, 1802-54, is 211. There are many
editions of Burns, Byron, and Milton, besides a
number of Court Memoirs.
Mr. W. M. Murphy's Liverpool Catalogue 165
ontains under Lytton a set of Blackwood's
Library Edition, 43 vols., half-calf, 1859-66, 207.
A set of Punch, original issue, 137 vols. in 69
yearly vols., half-morocco, is 26 guineas. There
are works under America and Art. Under
Coronation Records is Burke's ' Record of the
Coronation of Edward VII. and Queen Alex-
andra,' Ql. 6s. Under Herbal is Dodoens's ' New
Herball,' black-letter, new morocco, 1586, 4L 4s.
Under Kelmscott Press is ' The Order of Chivalry,'
one of 225 copies, 4Z. 4s. Under Motley are
The United Netherlands ' and ' The Dutch
Republic,' 7 vols., half-calf, 51. 5s. Under
Ruskin are early editions. Under Wales is
Rees's ' Lives of the Cambro-British Saints,'
21. 10s. A selection of colour-books at low prices
includes the Channel Islands, Essex, Kew Gardens,
Kent, Liverpool and the Mersey, and Oxford.
Under Arctic is Nansen's ' Farthest North,'
2 vols., cloth, 1897, 16s. Qd. Under De Foe is
a collection of pamphlets. Under Hamerton is
the second edition of Lalanne's ' Etchings and
Etchers,' 1876, 21. 2s. Under Names is a useful
work, ' The Century Dictionary of Names,'
edited by Benjamin F. Smith, 4to, cloth,- n.d.
(1903), 11. 8s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
AN appeal is being made to all who are in-
terested in photography, or the history, archae-
ology, and science of the county of Kent, to become
members and correspondents of the Photographic
Record and Survey of Kent, and to contribute,
if possible, half a dozen prints each year to the
collection in the County Museum of Maidstone.
The Survey is an excellent idea which might
well be imitated elsewhere. Over five hundred
views of Kent castles and churches, photographed
by Mr. Kendrick from water-colour drawings made
between 1797 and 1808 by H. Petrie have been
added to the collection during the year ; and
prints have been exhibited at Canterbury,
Chislehurst, the Crystal Palace, and Guildford.
Prospectuses of the Survey and any infor-
mation relating to it will be gladly supplied by
the Secretary, Mr. H. E. Turner, at 14, Queen's
Road, Tunbridge Wells.
to
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
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uriut, and to this rule we can make no exception.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries pri vately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
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EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"—Adver-
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lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
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J. J. (" Shakespeariana "). — Still inserted at
intervals.
M. L. R. BRESLAR (" H. B., caricaturist").— John
Doyle, the father of " Dicky " Doyle. See ' D.N.B.'
ii s. 111. JUNK 24, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
481
LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE ,V,, 1911.
CONTENTS.— No. 78.
NOTES :— King Lear and his Family, 481— The Museums of
London Antiquities, 483 - Epitaphiana, 485— Pack-Horse
Bridges— The Cuckoo and its Call— Henry Fielding and
the Civil Power—" Franklin " : Various Meanings, 486—
Battle at Riby, Lincolnshire— Tallis and Bird, 487.
QUERIES: — 'Waverley' : "Clan of grey Fingon" —
"Haywra," Place- Name — Queen Elizabeth's Portrait
with Italian Proverb— St. George and the Lamb— Bris-
bane Family in Ireland, 437— 'Lizzie Lindsay '—' Kenil-
worth': " Manna of Sfc. Nicholas"— Matthew Arnold on
Modern Hurry— Pallium at Canterbury— Eligius Morelius
and Gilbert Masius —Burial Inscriptions — Miers, Minia-
turist, 488 — Heath = Cave— Gee Family — Ferguson of
laverurie : Fergnson-Tepper — St. Dunstan and Tunbridge
Wells— Guy and Simon de Provence, 489 — Lush and
Lushington Surnames, 490.
REPLIES:— 'A Voice from the Bush,' 490 -Sir John
Arundel— Sir T. Makdougall Brisbane— Deadly Night-
shade and Pigs -"Mad Archy Campbell," 491— Boothby
Family Quarterings— Richard B.addeley— Book Inscrip-
tions-Will Watch. 492— Municipal Records Printed, 493
— Junius and the Horsewhipping of the Duke of Bedford,
495— Scots Music—' Ralph Roister Doister,' 496— Chartres
Cathedral—' The Refug^,' 1803-Bonar & Co.— Christian
Names used by both Men and Women — Ananias as a
Christian Name— Fifleld D'Assigny, 497— Rags left at
Wells— "Sefton," a Carriage — Indexes Locorum to Printed
Parish Registers— "Porcelain"— Father Quiroga and the
Thirty Years' War, 498
NOTES ON BOOKS: -'The Hexaplar Psalter '-" Little
Guides."
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.
KING LEAR AND HIS FAMILY.
WHEN we rise from the reading of the tragedy
of * King Lear ' we feel as if we had been
long acquainted with its hero ; and yet
we did not meet him until he was already
old, and it has been estimated that the action
of the play is completed in three weeks
or a month. A sensation of intimacy per-
vades us partly because Lear's name has
been familiar from our childhood, and so
much is said and written about him day by
day ; but mainly because Shakespeare's
art makes him so absorbingly impressive
that we seem to know all about him, and
forget that he had passed through more
than a regulation lifetime before we met him,
and that we were but witnesses of the climax
of his career. For the most part, we are
left to think out for ourselves what experi-
ences of long years^were consummated in
the dramatist's enthralling plot. As far
as I am concerned, I have pleased myself by
trying to learn something of Lee.r's ancestors,
that I may trace heredity ; and something
of his matrimonial experiences, that I may
guess what they did for him, and understand
the idiosyncrasies of his uncomfortable
daughters.
Tradition tells us that Lear was the great-
grandson of King Leil, the grandson of Lud
Hudibras, and the son of Bladud, King of
Britain — of that Bladud who, being in youth
affected by leprosy, was banished from
Court until healed by mineral waters, which,
if I rightly recollect, he had noticed were
efficacious in curing the cutaneous disorders
of swine. Near to the precious springs
Bladud founded a city, now known as Bath,
and as late as 1699 his statue, with an ex*
planatory inscription, was erected within
the precincts of the bathing establishment
where many sufferers are still relieved. The
eighteenth century commemorated him in
" Bladud' s Buildings." Now if, as Holin-
shed reports, "Lear was admitted ruler over
the Britaines, in the yeere of the World
3105, at what time Joas reigned as yet in
Juda," we may admit that local memory
has been very faithful to that of the beginner
of the famous watering-place. But I do
not vouch for the date, nor, I am sure, did
Shakespeare either. He took an old plot
which had been tricked out many a time in
verse and prose, which had lately been
worked up into a play that he did not dis-
regard, and he brought his magic to bear on
it as in the period of " once upon a time."
One might as well try to find a date for
* Red Ridinghood ' as for this great drama,
wherein France and Burgundy were con-
temporary with Britain, when Celts swore
by Apollo, their chiefs might wear spectacles
(Act I. sc. ii. 1. 35), and, according to the
folios, the " English party " was already
in the island (IV. vi. 256). Let us enjoy
a state of things that I have heard
a lecturer term " a jolly jumble," and bid
chronology " lie low." That Shakespeare
meant it to do so is evident if he be answer-
able for the Fool's remark (III. ii. 95), "This
prophecy shall Merlin make, for I live before
his time." He was as reckless in this
grand tragedy as if he had been writing a
burlesque.
Geoffrey of Monmouth, whom I cite at
second-hand, asserts that Bladud, attempt-
ing to fly, fell on the Temple of Apollo and
was dashed to pieces. Hence, remarks Dr.
Brewer in ' The Readers' Handbook,' when
482
NOTES AND QUERIES.
s. m. J™E 24, 1911.
Lear swears by Apollo (as he does, I. i.
151), " he is reminded that Apollo was no
friend of the king's." It may have been
so, but I should hardly have deduced such a
lesson or reference from the passage, Which
runs : —
Lear. Now, by Apollo —
Kent. Now, by Apollo, king,
Thou swar'st thy gods in vain.
Undeterred by the probable sanity of
some of our contemporary aviators, I am
tempted to trace in the effort of Bladud a
premonition of the madness which in the
next generation developed in King Lear. I
think, too, that both father and son may have
been affected by the mental dizziness which,
according to some modern psychologists,
results from the possession of irresponsible
power. So they account for that loss of
balance which has been, and still is, not in-
frequent among rulers, especially among
such of them as are autocrats. Perhaps
this was the primary exacerbating cause of
Lear's disorder. He could not brook resis-
tance ; he could not bear delay, or any
token of disregard. He would rather break
the heart that was dearest to him, would
rather break his own, than waive his pride
to ask for an explanation of a speech that
had astonished him. Even before the time
which divides unreasonableness from want
of reason had been reached, Goneril had
observed, " The best and soundest of his
time hath been but rash," and Regan, " He
hath ever but slenderly known himself "
(I. i. 292, &c.).
The old writers spelt the name of our
unhappy king Llyr or Leir. Now Llyr
meant, or so I have read, sea, and a Celtic
kind of Neptune was so named. It follows —
I think I may say, of course — that the sug-
gestion has been thrown out that Lear was
a personification of the great waters, and
his three daughters of some of their many
aspects. But " that way madness lies,"
and I feel it only prudent to beat a retreat.
Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote that Lear
founded Leicester, which was at first called
after him Caerleir = the camp or fortress of
Lear, afterwards, from Roman or other
influence, transposed into Leicester. Modern
etymologists incline to believe that the name
marks the place as having been a stronghold
on the banks of the river Soar, which they
allege was formerly known as Leire, or some-
thing thereto resembling. To this day a
village distinguished as Leire is situated
on the Upper Soar.
If Lear did found Leicester, he followed
the paternal example of Bladud, who set
Bath going. We may conclude from what
Spenser says that Lear was more skilled
in the arts of peace than in those of war ;
but castles were necessary for defence,
and no doubt he would see to the provision
of them. His great-great-grandfather had
been a fighter ; but the son of that worthy f
Lear's great-grandsire, King Leil,
Enjoy'd an heritage of lasting peace,
And built Cairleill and built Cairleon strong.
Next Hudibras, his realme did not encrease,
But taught the land from wearie wars to cease :
Wh »se footsteps Bladud, following in artes,
Exceld at Athens all the learned preace.
This may not be poetry, but it is ' The
Faerie Queen.' " Next him," continues the
record, " king Leyr in happy peace long
raynd."
Here I believe we arrive at another factor
in the mental estrangement of our prota-
gonist. Each man, as somebody has put it,
is an omnibus carrying all his ancestors, and
it follows, as might be expected, that occa-
sionally a long-forgotten passenger demon-
strates his presence. Lear had a warrior
great-great-grandfather, as we have seen,
and I take it that this worthy, tired of dozing
with his family in the bus, bestirred himself
and made Lear restless too. All was calm
and quiet in his kingdom, but he was un-
consciously spoiling for a fight. There was
no enemy to call forth an outburst of energy
in the field, so, instinctively, he let off steam
in his own household and made "reason totter
on her throne." -Long repression of a
proneness ceased when the superannuated
mind was no longer able to exercise rule
and restraint. Thus was Age ministrant to
the outburst of Lear's insanity. It gave
tendencies the opportunity of demon-
strating ; to use Tennyson,
The passions cramped no linger had scope and
breathing space.
As Goneril was shrewd enough to perceive,
there must be expected in Lear " the im-
perfections of a long engrafted condition in
addition to the unruly waywardness that
infirm and choleric years bring with them"
(I. i. 296).
What clever women Goneril and Regan
were ! And they had all the advantage
which unscrupulousness can confer on mere
ability. Bad daughters, bad sisters, bad
wives ! I feel sometimes as if they never
could have had the same mother as Cordelia ;
but the suspicion is unscientific. Botii
wolves and lambs are cherished in our own
nurseries, and the parents are identical. It
is because ancestors in the omnibuses are
ii s. in. JUNE 24, wii.j NOTES AND QUERIES.
483
variously asserting themselves, or, as Kent
puts it, more poetically,
It is the stars,
The stars above us, govern our conditions ;
Else one self mate and mate could not beget
Such different issues. (IV. iii. 32.)
In the absence of any hint to the contrary
then, we may conclude that Goneril, Regan,
and Cordelia were children of the same
woman who, whether she were the only wife
of Lear or merely one of a series, must
necessarily have been much younger than
her husband. He, if he may be believed,
was " fourscore and upward, not an hour
more nor less " (IV. vii. 61), when their third
daughter was, as he said, " so young and so
untender " (I. i. 105). I fancy she died
when Cordelia was quite a babe, otherwise,
when denounced by her father, the poor
girl would surely have referred to her lack
of a maternal comforter. The loss was un-
remembered, it had not made its mark upon
her heart, for who that has ever known a ten-
der mother outlives the instinct of turning
to her for solace in the hour of trouble ?
I judge that Lear regarded his Queen as
having been a kindly woman, as he would
otherwise have reproached her, have — as
the Yorkshire phrase goes — " blamed Goneril
on her " when, after, his dismissal from the
house of Albany, he told Regan that if she
were not glad to see him, he would divorce
himself from her mother's tomb "as sepul-
chring an adultress" (ii. iy. 130). It is
evident that he does not attribute the hard,
cruel dispositions either to his wife's influence
or to his own, and in truth I do not think that
Lear flatters himself in this. When at his
best he must have been both genial and
generous, a man endowed with various attrac-
tions. Observe the attachment he inspired
in Kent, in Gloucester, and in the Fool, and,
by the way, it is all to the credit of his
amiability that he cared to have such a
monitor as the last about his person. That
a touchy autocrat could endure such a trial
is strong evidence of his natural sweetness
of disposition. Whether his spouse had
been equally Well-dowered, " I hae ma
doots " : if, as I have suggested, she died
young, her disposition would not be fully
developed, and perhaps nobody might be
aware of its trend. I can only say that
Goneril and Regan must have owed their
characters to somebody.
Cordelia seems to me to be, in more senses
than one, her father's child. She had his
personal magnetism, she drew all worthy
hearts : " Since my young lady's going away
into France," says a Knight to the King,
" the fool hath much pined away " (I. iv. 71).
Lear's own proud obstinacy was also reflected
in his darling. Save for the purpose of the
plot, it is difficult to forgive her for not
deigning to explain to her father, who-
nevertheless knew well enough what she-
meant, her
I love your majesty
According to my bond ; nor more nor less.
(I. i. 91.)
ST. SWITHIN.
THE MUSEUMS OF LONDON
ANTIQUITIES :
PROSPECTIVE, PRESENT, AND PAST
(Concluded from p. 403.)
STBYPE (' Survey of London,' 1720 edition-
ii. 24) says that other contemporary collectors
of London antiquities were Dr. John Har-
wood and John Bagford. Harwood " has
been very exact in taking notice from time
to time of these antiquities, and preserved a
great many of the most curious and remarks
able of them."
Bagford is said by the same authority to
have " taken up with his own hands some
of the many pieces of red pottery found at
digging of the foundation of St. Paul's.":
Probably his discoveries -were identical with
those of Conyers. It is not definitely
stated what collection he formed, or who
absorbed it. Presumably he was not in
this as " hungry and rapacious " as Dibdin
condemns him for . being in collecting title-
pages and specimens of printing.
Clearly, from frequent reference and some
of the foregoing indications, the master
collector of this day was Dr. John Wood-
ward. To him probably belongs the credit
of forming the first museum of London
antiquities. Perhaps before, and with great
industry after, the Fire, he acquired on-
every occasion specimens of more or less
importance. We can believe he was credu-
lous, and not quite so learned as he pro-
fessed to be, yet to him we owe the pre-
servation of many objects of interest that
even Wren only observed and then neglected.
Strype endeavoured to induce him to have
his " observations and reflections " on his
London antiquities and the circumstances
of their discovery printed as an appendix
to his (1720) edition of Stow ; but evidently,
if completed, they were ultimately lost.
Many objects of civic interest are said to have
passed at his death to Cambridge University,
wh°re probably their origin has been lost
484
NOTES AND QUERIES. rn s. m. JUNE 24, 1911.
sight of. " His library and museum were
sold by John Cooper in the Great Piazza,
Covent Garden, 12 November, 1738, and
from a priced copy of the scarce sale cata-
logue I transcribe a few of the items of
special London interest : —
Urnce Fictiles.
Lot. 2. Quinque Urnae, ex terris Gpodmann',
una major, quataor minores. (Sold with 3 other
urns, 5*. 6:7.)
Lot 6. Quatuor Urnse offossae, duae prope
Divi Pauli, illae esae ; duae aliae laesae ex Clapham,
3s.
Lot 7. Du« Urnae cum ligneis operculis altera
cum cineribus, altera vacua ; effossae ex terris
vulgo diet. Goodnaanni, Is.
Lot 9. Tres Urnae, quarum, una tantum
Integra, effossae Spittle-fields. (Sold with lot 10,
7*. 6d.)
In the miscellanea there occurs
6. Pars Pavimenti tessellati prope Bishops-
gate effossa,
sold with many other items for 10s. Qd.
Of greatest interest is lot 4 of the " Lam-
pades Fictiles " : —
Una perquam spectabilis, fundamentis D.
Pauli effossa, in qua aedificium, quod qui viderunt
eruditi censuozuit esse templum Dianae, praeser-
tim cum eodem tempore reperta sunt aprum
brochi, cervorum cornua, aliorumq ; animalium
ossa, quae immolari solebant. Delineatam hanc
urnam videre licet in vita Erasmi per S[amuel]
Knight, D.D., altera ad confirmationem prioris
sententiae spectans, quoniam ex eodem loco
effossa, utpote in arae morem factae, hinc et inde
duae imagines ; pone etiam sacerdotis imago
sed laesa, tria habet ellychnia. Alia, ibidem
eruta imagine cymbae cum vectoribus, per quae
flumen Tameseis designari putant.
This cannot be described as a slight descrip-
tion of one of the lamps which were in
Kemp's collection (see ante, p. 403). Wren
was probably quite familiar with it and
Woodward's collection generally. It will
be remembered that a letter advocating the
temple of Diana identification was addressed
by Woodward to Wren, and published by
Curllin 1713.
I do not propose to refer to other collectors
of London antiquities until, at a later date,
they had become less gatherers of Roman
potsherds, and more acquirers of things
of the post-Conquest era having some his-
torical or personal interest.
Here are two examples. Sotheby sold on
23 February, 1818, the library, &c., of John
Carter, F.S.A., and there were offered —
Lot 250. Fragments of ancient tapestry from
the Painted Chamber.
Lot 252. fPiece of flesh from the neck of the heai
of Archbishop Sudbuiy, and a diaper cloth which
wrapped up the body of Fitzhamond, the founder
of the Abbey Church of Tewkesbur^v in a black
frame.
Lot 272. Two architectural fragments, one
from K. Henry VII. 's Chapel.
Lot 300. Fragments from Edward the Con-
fessor's Chapel and of St. Stephen's Chapel.
Southgate sold on 22 May, 1828, the
library and collections of William Capon.
Following several lots of stained glass, some
with arms of Westminster, there occur —
Lot 292. Six Ebony Chairs exquisitely carve. 1
from the antient Palace of Nonsuch.
Lot 293. A rosewood table from the same
Palace, of the finest workmanship of the Eliza-
bethan tune.
I cite these examples as evidences also of
the manner in which the desire to possess
antiquities of London or architectural
specimens led to much spoliation of its
buildings, and although Carter stands con-
fessed as a great vandal, it must be re-
membered there were many other offenders,
and I expect to find in the sale catalogues
of Henry Flitcroft's and Thomas Gayfere's
libraries similar condemnatory evidence,
as they had the same opportunities, at West-
minster at least. It was probably these sales
or the publication of the volumes descrip-
tive of Soane's Museum that led to the print-
ing by William Twopeny of ' Some Remarks
on the Taste and Effect of collecting Frag-
ments of Ancient Architecture,' &c., 1832.
We may hold Horace Walpole in a measure .
responsible for this passion, and such late
disciples as Thomas Baylis of Pryor's Bank
and L. N. Cottingham are blameable for
purchasing things which should have re-
mained in situ.
The prince of nineteenth- century collectors
of London antiquities was Charles Roach
Smith, and it is to be regretted that his
museum in Liverpool Street was not more
generally imitated.
The catalogue is a familiar volume, and,
together with his correspondence, is evidence
of tremendous zeal and industry. He
endeavoured to be present at every demoli-
tion and excavation, not only in London,
but also throughout Kent and in some other
counties. Nothing was too trivial to be
noted, and those who saw his own copy
of the ' Retrospections ' and his other MSS.
and illustrated records that were in the
library of the late Frederick Hendriks will
envy their present possessors. His many
archaeological friends assisted him loyally
in his pursuits. A letter before me, ad-
dressed by a correspondent at Rayleigh
name undecipherable) to W. H. Black
on 17 May, 1849, informs him that in plough-
ing they came upon " an ancient founda-
tion, under Which was an urn containing
us in. JUNE 24, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
485
sixty or more of these silver Roman coins,'
&c. Smith, to whom the letter is passed
is recommended by Black to go at once
to secure the find and make observations.
The partial use by Smith of the title
"London Museum" was anticipated by
William Bullock, who for a few years from
1813 called his collection of natural history
specimens the " London Museum and
Pantherion."
My very discursive note has already
exceeded reasonable limits, although much
more might be written. The subject is
of special interest to many who contribute
to these pages, and who can speak with
unquestioned authority on London anti-
quities. It is to be hoped that when the
projected Museum is established, its staff
will include at least some names likely to
secure their confidence, and therefore their
very beneficial support.
ABRAHAMS.
EPITAPHIANA.
BREEDON-ON-THE-HILL, LEICESTERSHIRE.
—The following were recently copied in this
churchyard : —
Here Was Buried Jan. ye 13th Anno 1680/1,
Ralph Son of Francis Dolman of Worthington
aged 67 years, and here was buried Feb. y9 2<l
168 '/5 Francis his Son Aged 41 years.
Here Lyes their Bodies, both at Rest
But their Souls, their Bodies puest,
Is hence ascended whither neither Time,
Nor Faith, nor Hope, but only Love can clime.
Where being now enlightened, they do know
The Truth of all men argue of below.
Onely this dust doth here in Pawne remaine,
That, when y" world dissolves, they rise againe.
Here Lyeth ye Body of Francis Doleman,
Son of Francis Doleman who was son of Francis
Doleman, Son of Ralph Doleman. who dyed
Novem. yc 22d An0 17,2 Aged 4 years.
Like Birds of prey
Death snatcht away
This harmless Dove.
WThose soul so pure
Is now secure
In Heaven above.
In both the above instances the verses are
carved at the back of an upright headstone.
Mary, NYife of Samuel Berridge, died 1748.
A Loving Wife she was in Life
And at her Death opprest
With illness sore, Twelve months or more,
Of Cancer in her Breast.
With patience great, She then did wait
Till God called her to Rest,
James Dolman, died 1843, aged 24.
Our friend has gone before
To that Celestial shore,
He hath left his mates behind,
He hath all the storms outrode,
Found the rest we toil to find,
Landed in the arms of God.
Thomas Allt, died 1861, in his 50th year.
I have engraved for many a one
On stones that stand around,
And now my turn has come
To sleep beneath the ground.
O may our names engraven stand
In the Book of Life,
And may I meet in the better land
My Children, Friends, and Wife.
•W. B. H.
LILLINGTON, DORSET. — When looking over
the church at Lillington, a village between
three and four miles from Sherborne, in
September, 1906, I came across a dark stone
slab on the floor of the nave with the follow-
ing inscription and quaint epitaph : —
Nomine Lavrentivs qvondam Cognomine Colus
Stamine dissecto nvnc cinis vmbra vocor
Exvvias fragiles coniux pia texit in astris
Altera pars vivit non peritura mei
O qvicunq leges in me tua funera discas
Morte frui nostra te brevis hora rapit
Obiit Avgvs 25° anno natus 40tos
1669
Her [sic] lyeth the body of
Mrs Mary Barry who died
April the 9th anno domini
1707
Reader yov have within this grave
A cole rakt up in dvst
His covetovs fate saw it was late
And that to bed he must
Soe all was swept vp to be kept
Alive untill the day
The trvmp shovld blow it vp and shew
The Cole but sleeping lay
Then do not dovbt the Cole' not ovt
Thoygh it in ashes lyes
That little sparke now in the darke
Will like ye phosnyx rise.
There is a coat of arms before the lines
of verse. L. H. CHAMBERS.
Amersham.
STEVENAGE. — I noted in Stevenage church-
yard, Hertfordshire, in 1909, the following
epitaph which specifies the cause of death :
To the memory of George Baker, who died
October 29th 1835 aged 22.
tf honor, A irtue, truth, or youth could save,
So soon he had not tenanted a grave ;
But study's victim, health from him was driven.
As wasps destroy fair Nature's fairest fruit,
So Tabes wasted him ; resign'd and mute
BCe died ; exchanging earth for brighter Heaven.
' Tabes " is consumption ; literally a wasting
away. W. B. GERISH.
480
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s.m. Ju^,i9ii.
PACK-HORSE BRIDGES. — In the article
on ' The Rule of the Road ' which appeared
at 11 S. ii. 161 reference was made to pack-
horse roads. In The Sphere for the 10th
of June, under the heading ' In Pre-Motoring
Days,' p. 255 is devoted to illustrations of
pack-horse bridges still in existence. These
had been specially recorded for The Sphere
by Mr. C. S. Sargisson, consequent upon
the considerable correspondence which bad
appeared in The Westminster Gazette con-
cerning pack-horse bridges. The following
views are given : —
A pack-horse bridge in the Goyt Valley,
Derbyshire, commonly called " The Roman
Bridge." A Warwickshire pack-horse bridge
near Harn pton in Arden. A pack-horse bridge
near Clitheroe, which dates back to the
Roman period. A pack-horse bridge near
Hayfield, Derbyshire. A pack-horse bridge
in North Lancashire. A pack-horse bridge
near Edale, Derbyshire.
A wooden pack-horse bridge in Somerset-
shire. Lower Hodder Bridge (the parapet
was removed by Oliver Cromwell to get his
guns across). * A dilapidated pack-horse
bridge near Colne; and another pictur-
esque pack-horse bridge near Colne (the
bridge is very ancient, and measures only
4- ft. or so in breadth).
JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.
THE CUCKOO AND ITS CALL. — In chap. xiii.
of her excellent memoir of Robert Buchanan,
Miss Jay writes as follows : —
*; When he first went to Oban he hardly knew
the difference between a cuckoo and a sparrow-
hawk ; indeed, he took the first cuckoo he saw
for a small hawk, and was only instructed rightly
by its cry. With regard to this same .cry of the
cuckoo, it has been described in the common
English song —
The cuckoo is a pretty bird,
It sings as it flies ;
he then learned that it did nothing of the kind,
so he wrote —
From rock to rock I saw him fly,
Silent in flight, but loud at rest."
It is always hazardous to decry the results
of observation summarized and embodied
in proverb and " the common English song,"
for these almost certainly represent the
accumulated experience and wisdom of
many generations. Whoever wrote that
the cuckoo " sings as it flies " was justified
in his contention, for on lonely moorland,
with nothing to disturb the view or impose
upon the ear, the present writer has fre-
quently noted the fact. One cuckoo, wTith
no other in the vicinity, has been heard
distinctly calling three times while com-
pleting a flight of three or four hundred yards.
Indeed, this very tendency to shout while
on the wing accounts to some extent for
the elusive characteristics which prompted
Wordsworth's definition of " a wandering
voice." As virtually an indoor man, Robert
Buchanan may be excused for his limited
knowledge of external nature, especially
when we find that Christopher North, with
all his open-air experience, is in agreement
with him in thinking that the cuckoo is
silent during flight. Some years ago North's
opinion was mentioned in ' N. & Q.'
THOMAS BAYNE.
HENRY FIELDING AND THE CIVIL POWER.
— The following paragraph, which appeared
in The London Morning Penny Post of
4-7 October, 1751, supplies an interesting
personal touch concerning Henry Fielding :
" A few Days ago a Gentleman, late a Colonel
in the Army, went to the Pay- Office to demand
some Money, which was refused him, whereupon
he used the Gentleman in the Office with Insol-
ence, and threatened to draw his Sword, upon
which he was carried before the Worshipful Justice
Fielding he disputed [sic], and whose Character, as
a Magistrate, he used with Irreverence, but hi.-;
Worship, to shew him that the Civil Power was
superior to the Military, and that a Breach of
Peace was cognizable by him, thought proper, in
Spite of Bravadoes and his Appearance, to
commit him."
As " Henry Fielding, Esq.," is contem-
poraneously being recorded as committing
prisoners to Clerkenwell Bridewell, New
Prison, and the Gatehouse, there is no doubt
as to the identity of " the Worshipful
Justice Fielding." ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
" FRANKLIN " : VARIOUS MEANINGS. — At
10 S. xii. 107, 270, 370, 492; 11 S. i. 96
a discussion took place as to Lowell's
" franklin clean," the present writer main-
taining that by " franklin " was meant a
Franklin stove. In 1818 John Palmer of
King's Lynn, co. Norfolk, published his
' Journal of Travels in the United States,'
&c. In this book the word "Franklin" is
used in two senses which are worth placing
on record. The first extract is under date
of 27 May, 1817, and refers to the country
near Philadelphia ; the second extract is
under date of 20 July, 1817 :—
" We called at several houses, every thing,
though homely, indicated ease and plenty. The
chairs and tables were plainly made, the windows,
wrhich are numerous, all sashes (I never saw a
casement in the United States), the best room
displayed a list carpet of home manufacture ;
(very few have figured carpets) the fire-places
were all on the hearth, with hand ir. ns to support
the wood : in the best room some have an iron
fire-place (on the hearth plan) called a Franklin :
ii s. m. JUNE 24, mi.] NOTES AND QU ERIES.
487
these look very neat, and will much sooner heat
a room than the open fire-place." — Pp. 14-15.
" The thunder-storms of America are very
severe. Often, when they occur, the h< rizon is
splendidly illuminated, and the forked fluid,
attended with loud and continued peal> of thunder,
darts with awful brilliancy to the earth. Frank-
lins, or conductors, are a certain safe-guard,
and generally used. No building has been knowr
to be materially injured where they are properly
placed." — P. 104.
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, U.S.
BATTLE AT RIBY, LINCOLNSHIRE. — I have
found for the first time a paper on this sub-
ject which I think may be of interest to some
readers. I gather it from the handwriting
to be but little short of a hundred years old.
I cannot make even a vague guess by whose
hand it was written : —
" Riby Register, anno 1645, nine soldiers*
slaine in a skirmish in a field of Riby the day
before, buried June the 19th. Charles Skelton,
a soldiour wounded in the same skirmish, buried
June the 20th. William Willoughbie, a soldier
wounded in the skirmish above named, buried
July the 4th.
" Stallingborough Register burials in the year
1645. John Harrington, Esq., Lieut.-Colonel,
slaine at the fight at Ryeby Gapp the 18th day
of June. John Pugson, a cavileere wounded at the
fight at Ryeby Gapp, buried the 20th day of
June."
As Charles Skelton and William Willoughbie
are described as soldiers only, we may assume
that they had no official rank ; perhaps the
same ought to be said of John Pugson, but
as he is described as a " cavileere," it may
be held as doubtful. The inhabitants of
the village and neighbourhood were, not
many years ago, if they be not now, in the
habit of talking of a stream of blood being
seen by their forefathers running down the
hill ; but they appeared to have forgotten
if they ever knew, what was the motive of
the conflict, and which party was victorious
COM. LINC.
TALLIS AND BIRD. — Among the uncalen-
dared proceedings of the Court of Requests,
bundle 372, in a small book of office notes
recording the fees paid, for a dividend for
the officials, there is a copy of the patent
granted to these musicians : —
" A priviledge or licence to printe set songes
in partes, in Lathi, English, Italian, or any other-
language that may serve for musicke, eyther in
church or chamber or otherwise to be sung or
played, and to rule by impression any paper to
serve for prynting or prycking of songes, granted
to ThomasTallys and William Byrd, gents, of the
Chapell, and they or their assignes only, during
21 years, 27th Jan., 1574, 20s."
C. C. STOPES.
(SJmras.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
' WAVERLEY ' : " CLAN OF GREY FIN-
GON." — What family or clan name represents
" the clan of grey Fingon " in Flora Mac-
Ivor's song in ' Waverley ' ?
FORREST MORGAN.
" HAYWRA," PLACE-NAME. — Some of
Edward II. 's writs cited in Palgrave's
' Parliamentary Writs ' are dated at " Hay-
wra," which Pal grave renders " Hurry."
Where is or was the place ? I do not find
it in Lewis's ' Topographical Dictionary '
or elsewhere. FORREST MORGAN.
Hartford, Conn.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S PORTRAIT WITH
ITALIAN PROVERB. — In the exhibition of
portraits held this year in the Palazzo
Vecchio at Florence there was a picture of
Queen Elizabeth by F. Zuccaro. In her
hand she holds what looks like an earthen-
ware colander, on the edge of which is this
inscription : "A terra il Ben — Mai dimora
insella." I cannot find any such pro verb in
Florio's collection. The only sense in which
the words would seem to be applicable to
Elizabeth — and that by her enemies —
would be, " The good falls to the ground,
evil remains in the saddle." Is anything
known of the history of this picture ? Has
the portrait of Elizabeth at Hampton
Court by Zuccaro any inscription ? In
the portrait at Florence there is another
inscription which I could not read.
J. F. R.
ST. GEORGE AND THE LAMB. — I have been
asked by an Italian friend why St. George
is often represented with a lamb. Is there
any legend bearing on the subject ?
HENRY A. FANE.
Travellers' Club.
BRISBANE FAMILY IN IRELAND. — I am
desirous of obtaining information of a branch
of this family, which emigrated from Scot-
land to Ireland, owing to political agitation,
I believe, some centuries ago, moving from
a place in the Highlands known as Rocky
Brisbane. At one time they were very rich,
having, just outside of Dublin, a stone
racing stable, which still stands, with stalls,
for over a hundred horses. Dr. John Bris-
48S
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. m. JUNE 24, 1911.
bane, a member of this family, emigrated
to America, in the eighteenth century, and
left numerous descendants.
E. HAVILAND HILLMAN.
Anglo-South American Bank, Old Broad Street.
' LIZZIE LINDSAY.' — I am anxious to
obtgin a copy of the complete version of
this ballad, and to know its origin and
history. Will some correspondent kindly
tell me of some book in which it is pub-
lished ? It is not in Percy's ' Reliques,'
nor i-i Scott's ' Minstrelsy of the Scottish
. Border ' — at least, not under this title.
A. G.
[It is No. 226 in the one-volume edition of Child's
English and Scottish Popular Ballads,' Hough ton.
Mifflin &Co., 1904.]
' KENILWORTH ' : " MANNA OF ST.
NICHOLAS." — Is not S-cott guilty of an
arachronism in employing the " Manna of
St. Nicholas " in ' Kenilworth ' (see end of
chap, xii.) ?
Aqua Tofana, which was the same poison,
was perhaps known at the time treated of in
the novel, but apparently it was at least half
a century later that the reputed daughter,
Giulia Tofana, of the in ven tress Teofaiiia
di Adamo, sold the liquid at Rome and
Naples under the name of " Manna of St.
Nicholas of Bari " — a "miraculous oil"
held in great esteem in Naples at that time
for curing diseases. At any rate, it was much
later than Elizabeth's reign that this viola-
tion of a sacred name roused the clergy, and
finally led to the putting to the rack and the
strangulation of the wretched woman who
sold the phials of poison.
Has this point been observed before ?
C. NELSON STEWAKT.
MATTHEW ARNOLD ON MODERN HURRY.
— Can any one give the reference to a passage
in Matthew Arnold's essays or prefaces in
which he says (in effect), with reference to
the " sick hurry " of modern life, that it
matters very little how fast one can travel
between Islington and Camberwell, for
example, but that it matters very much
what kind of life people live when they
get there, or before they start ?
C. E. BYLES.
17, Narbonne Avenue, Clapham, S.W.
PALLIUM AT CANTERBURY. — In a small
work on ' The Coronations of the English
Monarchs ' (no date) it is stated that " In
the archives of Canterbury there is preserved
an ancient pallium supposed to have been
worn by Cardinal Pole." It seems hardly
probable that such a small vestment would
have survived the troubles of the last three
centuries, but possibly a copy of a pallium
may be preserved there. Can any one in-
terested in the subject tell me whether such
is the case ? FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.
ELIGIUS MORELIUS, SCHOOLMASTER AT
OUDENARDE, AND GILBERT MASIUS, PRINTER
AT Lou VAIN. — Information is desired regard-
ing the author and the printer of a book in
this library which appears to be unknown
to Panzer ('Annales Typographic! '), and
to M. Vanderhaegen (' Bibliotheca Belgica ').
" In Erasmi Be constructione octo partium ora-
tionis Hbellum Commentarius,autore Eligio Morelio,
ludimagistro Aldenardensi. Gilbertus Masius
excudebat anno MDXXVII calendis februarii
Lou van ii."
Quarto: a6, b — i4, k6. Pp. [88]. a6r :
38 11., 155 X 95mm. Black-letter.
On the last leaf are printed five " Scho-
lasticorum Morelii disticha." The admiring
pupils place Morelius on the same platform
as Lily (' N. & Q.,' 6 S. ii. 441) and Erasmus :
Texuit Anglus opes, doctumque exploravit ad
unguem
Hollandus, nubes Flander abegit atras ;
or, as " Richardus a Platea, Londinensis,"
puts it : — '
Albion est mater, felix Hollandia cultrix,
Flandricus haud niodicis frugibus auxit ager,
The copy bears the shelf -marked book-
plate of the Duke of Sussex, whose books
were dispersed in 1844.
P. J. ANDERSON.
University Library, Aberdeen.
BURIAL INSCRIPTIONS. — I should be glad
to know if the following inscriptions have
ever been taken down : —
1. St. John's, Westminster, church and
burial-ground.
2. St. John's Wood, do.
3. King's Road, Chelsea, burial ground.
4. Chelsea Hospital, do.
G. S. PARRY.
MIERS, MINIATURIST. — Is he the same as
Meyer, the portrait painter in enamel to
George III. ?
I have a profile, in black enamel on a
white ground (IfV inch by | inch), of a
young man with hair dressed in the style of
the latter half of the eighteenth century,
signed " Miers." I thought it might have
been painted from a silhouette of Lieut.
Samuel Lutwidge, R.N., who died from
wounds in a hospital in Calcutta ; the hair
at the back is like that in a clasp, which
iis.m.jixK24,i9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
489
states that lie " ob. 10th March, 1757
^Et.?26." Can any reader tell me if ther
is a list of the portraits painted by Miers ?
M. ELLEX POOLE.
Alsager, Cheshire.
HEATH = CAVE. — Is anything known o
the ancestry of the Heath who in the latter
half of the eighteenth century married the
daughter of Edward Cave, Pool Hall
Bromyarcl ? F. GEE.
GEE FAMILY. — Are there known to be
any living descendants of Alexander Gee
who lived at Rothley, Leicestershire, in the
fifteenth century, and from whom were
descended the Gees of Bishop Burton ?
Can any light be thrown on the origin of the
name ?" F. GEE.
59, St. Giles, Oxford.
FERGUSON OF INVEBURIE : FERGUSON-
TEPPER. — Can any one give me information
of the descendants of the family of Ferguson
of Inverurie ? Walter, eldest son of James
Ferguson and Isobel Scott, was Writer to the
Signet, married Catherine, daughter of
Lord Swinton, and died without issue at
Edinburgh, 25 May, 1797. James, second
son, was captain R.N. and Governor of
Greenwich Hospital, where he died 14 Feb-
ruary, 1793, leaving a daughter Janet, who
married William Berry in Edinburgh,
30 November, 1816. Anthony, fourth son
of James Ferguson, died in Dublin 18 April,
1798, and had one son, Hugh, an " eminent
physician in Dublin." Janet, third daughter
of James Ferguson of Inverurie, married my
great-grandfather, Robert Lock of Old Crook-
stone, near Paisley, and died 16 July, 1779.
There are in the possession of my family
some beautiful portraits in crayon of certain
members of the Ferguson-Tepper family.
William Ferguson of Inverurie emigrated
to Poland, and in 1714 married Catherine
Concordia Tepper of Posen, by whom he
had three sons, Lauience, William, and
Peter. William settled at Breslau. Peter,
born 19 April, 1732, married 19 June, 1763,
Marie Philippina Valentine -of Warsaw ; was
adopted by Mr. Peter Tepper, his mother's
brother, as his heir, in 1767, on condition of
adding Tepper to the name of Ferguson ;
and became " the richest banker in Europe,"
and Knight of the Order of St. John of
Malta. He had five sons — Peter Charles,
\\homarried Marie Bone, "fille du Banquier
Bone in Hamburg — unfils " ; Philip Bernard,
"Banquier a Warsaw"; Lewis William,
Lieutenant in the Russian Guards; Daniel
Frederick, and * Otto Walter — and five
daughters, of whom Henrietta married M.
d'Arnt, Conseilleur de Guerre a Breslau ;
Charlotte, married first Baron d'Axt, Minis-
ter de Prusse a Warsaw, secondly M. de
Milaszawicz, Lieutenant-Colonel au Service
de Russie ; and Anne Isobel mairied in
1792 S.E. le Comte Jean de Waladkowicz,
Chambellan de S.M. le Roi de Pologne.
These particulars are taken from a memo-
randum in French preserved among the
Pitfour Papers, included in * Records of the
Clan and Family of Ferguson,' by Sir James
Ferguson, 1895. I have also obtained many
particulars from 'Inverurie,' by J.Davidson,
D.D., 1878.
Information as to the present descendants
of any of these is desired; also conceining
Hugh Ferguson, the " eminent physician in
Dublin." (Rev.) CAMPBELL LOCK.
Ashknowle, Whitwell, Isle of Wight.
ST. DUNSTAN AND TUNBRIDGE WELLS.
Who was the author of the following ?
St. Dunstan, so the story goes,
Once seized the devil by the nose,
With red-hot tongs, which made him roar,
That he was heard three miles or more.
These lines, referred to as "an ancient
poem," appear in the 1879 edition of ' Black's
Guide to Kent ' in connexion with a " tra-
dition " there given concerning the Tun-
bridge Wells chalybeate springs. The " tra-
dition " is that St. Dunstan occupied a
cell at May field (9 miles from Tunbridge
Wells), and was there visited by his Satanic
majesty. St. Dunstan, taking up a pair of
red-hot tongs,
"seized the devil by the nose, causing him to take a
tremendous leap— right over brooks, fields, hedges,
lills, and valleys — alighting at Tunbridge Wells,
in whose coolsome spring waters he plunged his
glowing nose and obtained relief."
According to another version, St. Dunstan
Washed his tongs in the springs to cleanse
;hem after their contact with the devil's
nose.
I shall be very glad to learn When and
where this " tradition " first appeared in
print. Was it originally given as relating to
he Tunbridge Wells springs (which were
discovered in 1606), or has it been adapted
o them ? R. VAUGHAN GOWEB.
Ferndale Lodge, Tunbridge Wells.
GUY AND SIMON DE PROVENCE. — In
259-60 one Guionet de Provence had
, grant of lands in Little Saughall, near
Chester. He married Alice, sister of Sir
»atrick de Heswall, who was knighted in
_288. She had lands in Oldfield as her
marriage portion. Their son Simon de
490
NOTES AND QUERIES. &IS.IIL JUNE 21, 1911.
Provence, who was alive about 1292, but
died before 1315, married Annabel (or Ama-
bella), a daughter of Sir Thomas de Bam-
ville, of Storeton, and probably widow of
Hugh de Corona, lord of Adlington in
Cheshire. Simon held the same lands in
Little Saughall for life by grant of Edward I.
Who was this Guy de Provence ? Ormerod
says he was the ancestor of the Oldfields
of Northwich, of whom there appears to be
a pedigree in MS. Hajl. 2119, 125. Mr.
Sulley in his ' History of Wirral,' p. 73,
speaks of " the famous knight Guy de Pro-
vence," and elsewhere calls him " County
Guy." Why " famous," and why " County
Guy " ? The only " County Guy " I know
of is the one named in the song sung by the
Lady of the Lute in ' Quentin Durward,'
chap, iv., and he seems to have been an
imaginary person.
A remarkable fact is that the lands in
Little Saughall retained the description of
" lately held by Guy (or Simon) de Pro-
vence" down to the seventeenth century.
R. S. B.
LUSH AND LUSHINGTON SURNAMES. Is
there no explanation forthcoming of these
fairly common names, given up by Canon
Bardsley ?, H. P. L.
'A VOICE FROM THE BUSH.'
(11 S. iii. 48, 114,214,271.)
ALTHOUGH the authorship of this poem has
been satisfactorily settled by your corre-
spondent C. W. at the last reference, a few
words in corroboration of his statement may
not be undesirable, and I therefore venture
to append some extracts from Mr. J. Howlett-
Ross's ' Memoir of the Life of Adam Lindsay
Gordon,' published by William W. Gibbings
in 1892 :—
" Of the miscellaneous poems hitherto appearin°-
in the poet's collected works, the authenticity of
' A Voice from the Bush ' has been doubted, and
the late Marcus Clarke has been credited with
inserting and altering a poem not written by
Gordon. As a matter of fact, Clarke always
had doubts as to Gordon being the author of the
poem. Referring to the subject on one occasion,
he said : ' For my own part I do not think that
Gordon wrote " A Voice from the Bush " at all.
The lines are spirited certainly, but rugged to
a degree. Gordon's ear for rhythm was acute as
is Kendall's or Swinburne's. The penultimate
stanza, beginning " I watch them, but from
afar," is surely not by the pen which wrote the
' Ballad of Britomarte." ' He further says:
Mr, J. C. F. Johnson and Mr. Lavington Glyde
both write positively asserting that Mr. Clark
told them that the verses were written by Mr.
Morris. " When speaking to Mr. John Howard
Clark about some verses of my own, ' Found
Dead,' about the authorship of which a question
was raised," says Mr. Johnson, " he distinctly
told me that the poem now credited to Gordon
was written by Mr. Morris." Mr. Lavington
Glyde is even more circumstantial. " I well
remember," says he, " saying to my old friend
Mr. J. Howard Clark, ' Who is your new poet ? '
on the day when those verses first appeared as
' Under the Trees ' in ' Geoffrey Crabthome,'
for I recognized the true ring of genuine poetry
in them. He declined to tell me, but on my
pressing him, whispered ' the Cherub,' as Mr.
Morris was popularly called in tho=edays. I thought
Mr. Clark was joking at first, but he assured me that
Mr. Morris was the author, and I believe his
information was correct. Soon after Mr. Morris
left the colony, I was surprised to find the piece,
under the title of ' A Voice from the Bush,' in
Temple Bar of May, 1873." '
"... .There is, however, indisputable evidence
that the poem was not written by Gordon, it
having been emphatically claimed by Mr. Mow-
bray Morris in a letter written some years ago
to Major Ferguson of the S.A. Rifle Brigade.
He writes : —
" ' Certainly the verses are mine. I remember
both the time and place where I wrote them,
lying on my back in a cave at Robe in the autumn
of 1871. . . .1 was not aware that there was any
similarity, unconscious or otherwise, to any
verses of Gordon's. I have two volumes of his
verse by me, and I cannot detect any conscious
plagiarisms. Certainly there were none con-
sciously committed. Mine they are, every line
and every word, and they have no business among
the writings of any one else.' "
" Plagiarism " is an ugly word, but there
were certainly some unconscious imitations,
which were perhaps not unnatural in the
case of one whose mind was imbued with
the wi itings of Gordon. Thus in ' The Sick
Stockrider ' we find the lines : —
With a running fire of stockwhips and a fiery run
of hoofs,
Oh ! the hardest day was never then too hard i
In ' A Voice from the Bush ' are the follow-
ing :— '
Older, but men to whom
In the pride of their manhood strong,
The hardest icork is never too hard,
Nor the longest day too long.
Again, in ' The Sick Stockrider ': —
For good undone, and gifts misspent, and resolu-
tions vain,
'Tis somewhat late to trouble. This I know —
/ should live the same life over if I had to live again,
And the chances are I go where most men go.
In ' A Voice from the Bush ' : —
Of the seed I 've sown in pleasure,
The harvest I 'm reaping in pain ;
Could I put my life a lew years back,
Would I live thai life again ?
Would I ? O course I would ;
What glorious days they were !
n s. m. JUNE 24, 1911.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
491
It is not perhaps uncharitable to suppose that
if ' The Sick Stockrider ' had never been
written, it is doubtful if ' A Voice from the
Bush ' would ever have mada itself heard.
It was probably owing to the facts put
forth by Mr. Hewlett-Ross that in the
edition of ' The Poems of Adam Lindsay
Gordon' which was published in 1893 'A
Voice from the Bush ' was omitted.
W. F. PBIDEAUX.
SIB JOHN ABUNDEL OF CLEBKENWELL
(ll^S. iii. 367, 415).— At the latter reference
MB. A. R. BAYLEY gives some account of
the well-known Sir John Arundell of Lan-
herne, called " the great Arundell of Corn-
wall." He was born in 1527, was M.P. for
Cornwall 1557/8, knighted 27 November,
1566, and died 17 November, 1590. He
was always a Catholic, and refused to
subscribe the Act of Uniformity in Decem-
ber, 1569, and April, 1570. A brother-in-
law of Mr. Francis Tregfan of Golden, he
entertained Blessed Cuthbert Mayne in
1576 and 1577. In the latter year in
December he was under arrest in London.
He was the patron of the martyrs John
Cornelius, S.J., and Brian Lacey, and a
maternal uncle to the martyr Thomas
Bosgrave. In 1579 he was summoned to
appear before the Privy Council, and was
sentenced to be confined to a house which
he had rented in Ely Place, Holborn. He
was probably confined there for nine years,
except for a brief interval in the spring of
1585, when he was removed to the Tower
for having entertained priests, and for having
performed his Easter duties in that year.
In 1 588 he was at Wisbech. In the same year
he gave up the house at Ely Place, and took
a house belonging to Alderman Roe at
Muswell Hill, to which he was in like manner
confined. On 19 July, 1589, he was given
" the libertie of six myles distance from
thens." Later in the year he was directed
to be imprisoned at Ely, but was apparently
too ill to be moved.
He married Anne, eldest daughter of
Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby, and
widow of Charles, 8th Baron Stourton.
Dorothy, mentioned by MB. BAYLEY, was
his eldest daughter, born in 1560. Both
she and his fourth daughter Gertrude, born
in 1571, became original members of the
English Abbey of the Glorious Assumption
at Brussels, 11 July, 1597.
See Vivian, ' Visitations of Cornwall,' 4 ;
1 D.N.B.,' ii. 141 ; Cath. Rec. Soc.,ii. 27, 178,
239 ; v. 72 ; Dasent, ' Acts of the Privy
Council,' xi. 265, 345 ; xvii. 410 ; xviii.
415 ; xix. 393 ; Shaw, k Knights of England,'
ii. 72 ; Strype, * Whitgift,' i. 529 ; ' Cal.
S.P. Dom., 1547,' 353; 'Cal. S. P. Dom.
Add., 1566,' 523 ; ' Cal. S. P. Dom., 1598,'
343 ; Pollen, ' Acts of the English Martyrs,'
118, 123; ' Camden Miscellany/ ix. ^69 ;
Camm, ' Lives of the English Martyrs,'
ii. 219. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
SIB THOMAS MAKDOUGALL BRISBANE (11 S.
iii. 407). — The statement as to the descent
of the Brisbanes from Robert III. of Scot
land, great-grandson of Robert the Bruce,
is confirmed by Burke' s ' Landed Gentry '
and Anderson's ' Scottish Nation.' There
seems to be no good reason to doubt its
accuracy. Robert III. of Scotland had a
natural son Sir John Stewart, to whom he
assigned the lands of Ardgowan, Blackhall,
and Auchingoun, Renfrewshire. These
lands are still held by the family of Shaw-
Stewart in uninterrupted male descent from
Sir John Stewart. The present head of the
family is, I believe, the eighteenth in direct
descent from King Robert's son. In my
copy of Burke' s ' Peerage and Baronetage '
some four or five of Sir John Stewart's
descendants are omitted, among them appa-
rently the father of Janette Stewart, who
was married in 1562 to Robert Brisbane.
John Stewart of Blackhall and Ardgowan is
mentioned in 1508 ; and James Stewart
of Ardgowan, who may perhaps have been
Janette's brother, is named in 1576.
W. SCOTT.
DEADLY NIGHTSHADE AND PIGS (11 S.
iii. 427). — This item of folk-lore is interest-
ing, but would not the other pigs eat the
collars of nightshade placed round the necks
of their bewitched brethren ? For pigs
can and do eat the leaves and berries with
impunity.
The nightshade being one of the in-
gredients of witches' potions, it is probable
that the poisonous plant was held to be
under their especial protection, hence its
use as a curative charm.
W. B. GEBISH.
" MAD ABCHY CAMPBELL " (11 S. iii. 427).
In a genealogy of ' Barn well of South
Carolina' published in The South Carolina
Historical and Genealogical Magazine of
January, 1901, there is recorded the mar-
riage of Phoebe Sarah Barnwell (b. 9 Sept.,
1763) to Dr. Archibald Campbell of Beaufort,
S.C. The latter died in 1810. They left
issue, and a descendant, the gallant Capt.
Paul Hamilton, of General Stephen D. Lee's
492
NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. ra. JUNE 24, 1911.
staff, was killed during the siege of Vicks-
burg. Is it possible that " Mad Archy
Campbell " may have been the son of Dr.
Archibald Campbell by a previous marriage ?
There is an interesting account of Archi-
bald Campbell in Dr. Joseph Johnson's
' Traditions and Reminiscences of the Revo-
lution in South Carolina,' published in
Charleston in 1851.
Perhaps, if EL SOLTEBO wrote to the
Secretary of the South Carolina Historical
Society, Charleston, S.C., she might be able
to give him precise information as to Archy
Campbell's parentage, &c., and possibly
confirm my inference. EL CASADO.
BOOTHBY FAMILY QUABTEBINGS (11 S-
iii. 269, 416).— The REV. W.G.D. FLETCHEB
asks to whom a fesse dancette or between
10 cross-crosslets belongs. As I under-
stand MB. A. S. ELLIS'S reply, he attributes
these arms to " Raineurt," while he after-
wards refers to the arms of Reincurt as
Gules, a fesse dancette between 6 garbs or.
Now Boutell (' English Heraldry,' p. 70)
gives Azure, billettee, a fesse dancette or,
as the arms of Deincourt ; also, in the east
window of the north aisle of the church
of St. Andrew, Hprnchurch, Essex, are two
shields, one of which bears Billettee, a fesse
dancette, and the other, though much
mutilated, is clearly, on the dexter side, the
same as its fellow, and on the sinister a
chevron between 3 garbs. These shields,
being painted in grisaille, do not indicate
tinctures.
Are Raineurt, Reincurt, and Deincourt
variants of the same name ? Has a mar-
riage between a Deincourt and a lady of one
of the many families which bear a, chevron
between 3 garbs been in any way responsible
for the garbs in the arms of Reincourt, as
quoted by MB. ELLIS ?
F. SYDNEY EDEN.
Maycroft, Fyfield Road, Walthamstow.
RICHABD BADDELEY (11 S. iii. 189). — The
Richard Baddeley referred to by DIEGO is
possibly the friend of Thomas Coryatt, to
whom the verses in the famous ' Crudities '
are addressed. The curate of Bilston was
the Rev. Thomas Baddeley, M.A., after-
wards (1642) Prebendary of Lichfield. In
the B.M. is a copy of a work called ' The
Living Librarie,' &c., being a translation
from the Latin of P. Camerarius, by John
Molle, Esq., 1621. It is dedicated to John,
Lord Bishop of Lincoln, by Rye. Baddeley,
who on p. 3 begs " to present your Lordship
with another man's book, having nothing
of any worth of mine own."
In 1625 the same Richard is found sign-
ing the letter of orders granted by Thomas,
Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, to John
Pointer (18 Dec.), Canon of Christchurch,
Oxon (cf. Wood's 'Fasti,' ed. 1815, 381).
In 1628 (?) he was staying at Shavington
Hall, Market Drayton, with Viscount Kil-
morey, and settling a serious matter between
the Needham family there and their neigh-
bours the Corbets of Adderley, in regard to
certain disputes regarding the limits of the
north transept in the church at Adderley
(cf. Catal. Shavington MSS.).
ST. CLAIB BADDELEY.
BOOK INSCBIPTIONS (11 S iii. 207).—
Stanzas 256 and 257 of Chaucer's ' Troilus
and Criseyde,' Book V., run as follows : —
Go, litel book, go litel myn tragedie,
Ther god thy maker yet, er that he dye,
So sende might to make in soni comedie !
But litel book, no making thou n'envye,
But subgit be to alle poesye ;
And kis the steppes, wheras thou seest pace
Virgile, Ovyde, Omer, Lucan, and Stace.
And for ther is so greet diversitee
In English and in wryting of our tonge,
So preye I god that noon miswryte thee,
Ne thee mismetre for defaute of tonge.
And red wher-so thou be, or elles songe,
That thou be understonde I god beseche !
But yet' to purpos of my rather speche.
A. R. BAYLEY.
WILL WATCH (11 S. ii. 269, 353).— The
first entry under this heading in the General
Catalogue of the National Library is a
song published at Edinburgh (?) in 1802 (?).
The next is a song, Dublin (1820 ?); and
the last is London (1840 ?). There is also
' Will Watch,' by the author of ' Cavendish '
(W. J. Neale), 1834.
In the Music Catalogue I find 'Will
Watch,' &c., a song by John Davy, London
(1872) : this was republished in No. 3449
of The Miisicol Bouquet (1874).
' Will Watch the Bold Smuggler ' was
published by A. Park (no date). It is a
standing figure with a background of an
engagement between the King's sailors,
and smugglers or pirates : within a border.
' Mr. C. Pitt as Will Watch ' was pub-
lished by E. Skelt (no date or address),
No. 100. This is a full-length standing
figure, with a flag of a death's head and cross-
bones, on deck of a gunvessel, with an
engagement going on in the background :
originally published by B. Skelt at Swan
Street, Minories.
For Charles Dibdin Pitt (1819-66) see
Boase's ' Modern English Biography.' He
was a popular transpontine actor. I have
ii s. m. JUNE 24, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
493
nine of the series of the Juvenile Theatre
prints known as " Theatrical Portraits "
of Pitt and Miss E. Pitt. He also acted at
the great theatres, for in The Athenceum of
30 July, 1892, there is a copy of the playbill
of 13 July, 1846, in which he is called the
popular tragedian from Drury Lane and
Covent Garden Theatres.
There is also in " Webb's Favourite
Portraits," 'Mr. Gallot as Will Watch.'
at the top left-hand corner in a series of
four characters (known as "fours"). Of
Gallot I have no information.
The date of these is about 1840, and the
price " one penny plain, or twopence
coloured," or else price one halfpenny :
size quarto. RALPH THOMAS.
MUNICIPAL RECORDS PRINTED (11 S. ii.
287, 450, 529).— Since the first instalment of
my list appeared I have found several other
examples, and a few correspondents have
favoured me with addkional items, for
which I am grateful. The better plan will
be to arrange them in a supplementary list
at the end.
Fethard, County Tipperary : its Charters and
Corporation Records. — Journal of the Royal
Society of Antiquaries, Ireland, Fifth Series,
xvi. pp. 143-53. (1907.)
Fife. — Regulations of the Fifeshire Constabulary
Force. (1840.)
Extracts from the Registers of the Kirk
Sessions of the City and Parish of St. Andrews,
1559-63.— Miscellany Maitland Club, vol. iii.
pp. 289-336. (1843.)
Flint. — List of Officers of the Palatinate of
Chester, in the Counties of Chester and Flint,
and North Wales, from the earliest period to
the extinction of the Welsh Judicature. —
Reports of the Deputy-Keeper of the Public
Records, xxxi. App. pp. 169-261. (1870.)
Alphabetical.
Frampton. — The Liberty and Manor of Frampton.
Rolls of the Court Leet and Court Baron. By
W. Miles Barnes. For 1765, with additions.
No index. — Proceedings of the Dorset Nat.
Hist, and Antiq. Field Club, xxviii. 168-84.
(1907.)
Freemen, Lists of. — See Bath, Canterbury,
Chester, Dublin, Lancaster, London, Newcastle,
Norwich, Nottingham, &c.
Glasgow. — The History of the Incorporation
of Gardeners, 1626-1903. (1903.) — Lists of
members, but no index.
Old Glasgow Weavers : being Records of
the Incorporation of Weavers. By Robt.
D. M'Ewan, 1594-1905. (1905.) Classified ex-
tracts, but no index.
Extracts from the Registers of the Pres-
bytery of Glasgow, Nov., 1592, to March, 1601.
Miscellany of the Maitland Club, i. 53-96.
Also froni Nov., 1603, to Aug. 1626, pp. 401-27.
(1834.)
Register of the Provincial Synod of Glasgow
and Ayr, 1687-90.— Miscellanv of the Maitland
Club, iv. 209-92. (1847.)
| Glasgow. — Memorabilia of the City of Glasgow,
selected from the Minute Books of the Burgh,
1588-1750. (1868.) General Index; Supple-
ment to the preceding.
Abstracts of Protocols of the Town Clerks
of Glasgow.
I. 1547-55. (1894.)
II. 1555-60.— With Appendix, 1503-1610.
(1896.)
III. 1561-8. (1896.)
IV. 1568-76. With Appendix 1530-67.
V. 1555-68. (1897.)
VI. 1568-73. (1898.)
VII. 1573-6. (1898.)
VIII. 1576-1581-4. (1899.)
IX. 1584-7. (1899.)
X. 1587-1600.— 1588-9.— 1586-91.
XI. 1591-1600.— 1598-1600. (1900.)
Each vol. has Index of Names and of Places ;
Vol. IX. additions to Index of Names in
Vol. III. ; while Vol. IV. has a glossary.
Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of
Glasgow, 1573-1642. (1876.) Index of matters
but not of names.
Another vol. (1881). 1630-62. Index of
matters only.
Another (1905). 1663-90. Index of Per-
sons, also of Subjects and Places. Published
by Scottish Burgh Records Society. By Sir
J. D. MarA'ick.
Another vol. — 1718-38 ; with Charters and
other Documents, 1708-38. By R. Ren wick.
(1909.) General Index. JF <
Charters and other Documents relating to
the City of Glasgow, 1175-1649. By Sir J. D.
Marwick. Scottish Burgh Records Society.
Part I. (1897.) In an Appendix succession
of Bishops and Archbishops, 1174-1638. —
Of Ministers, 1562-1648.— Of Provosts, 1280-
1669. General Index.
Part II. (1894.) General Index.
Vol. II. 1649-1707. With Appendix 1434-
1648. (1906.) General Index.
Gloucester. — Calendar of the Records of the
Corporation of Gloucester. By W. H. Steven-
son. (1893.) 1155-1690. General Index.
Halton. — An Account of the Rolls of the Honour
of Halton, part of Her Majesty the Queen's
Duchy of Lancaster : being the substance of a
report recently made upon the removal of the
records fr^m Halton Castle, in Cheshire, to the
Office of the Public Records, London.- By
Win. Beamont. (1879.) General Index, g fed
Harwich. — Charters granted to the Borough of
Harwich by King James I. and King Charles II.
(1798.) No names.
Hawick. — There are several important papers
dealing with the municipal life of this town
in the publications of the Hawick Arch. Soc.,
but they are not in the British Museum. ^ :|*XJ
Hereford. — Catalogue of, and Index to, MSS.,
Papers, Proclamations, and other Documents,
selected from the Municipal Archives of the
City of Hereford. By Rev. W. D. Macray.
14^5-1847. (1894.) Prepared for the His-
torical MSS. Commission, to be found in
Report XIII., Appendix, part iv. p. 50. Sub-
jects in alphabetical order with dates; * no
index of names.
494
NOTES AND QUEEIES. [11 s. in. JUNE 21, 1911.
Hertford. — Notes and Extracts from the Sessions
Rolls. Vol. I. (1905.) 1581 to 1698. Vol.
II. (1905.) 1699 to 1850, and Addenda 1701
to 1824. General Index.
Hexthorpe. — See Doncaster.
Houghton. — See Huntingdon.
Humble. — Extracts from the Register of the Kirk
Session of Humbie, from Oct., 1644, to April,
1655.— Miscellany of the Maitland Club (1834),
pp. 432-44.
Huntingdon. — A Collection of Ancient Records
relating to the Borough of Huntingdon, with
Observations illustrative of the history of
Parliamentary Boroughs in general. By E.
Griffith. (1827.) Charters, Plea Rolls, Patent
Rolls, Court Rolls, Indentures, &c. No index.
The Edwardian Inventories for Huntingdon-
shire. By S. C. Lomas. (1906.) — Alcuin Club
Collections, vol. vii. Full Table of Contents
and Index of Persons. The inventories are
of 1552 (6 Ed. VI.).
Early Records of the Duke of Manchester's
English Manorial Estates. By C. G. Boxall.
Extracts from Cartularies, Assize Rolls, In-
quisitions, «fec., concerning Houghton, Kim-
bolton, St. Ives, Little Stukeley, Wingfield,
Swyneshead, &c. (1892.) The Table of Con-
tents does not give the page, and the volume
has no index.
Hurley. — St. Mary's, Hurley, in the Middle Ages :
based on Hurley Charters and Deeds. By
F. T. Wethered. (1898.) Table of Contents,
a page of Errata, four pages of Corrections
and Amendments, but no index.
Inverness. — Kirk-Session Records, 1661-1800.
By Alex. Mitchell. (1902.) Index of Matters,
but not names.
Notes on the Decisions of the"Appeal Court
of Registration at Inverness. With a Supple-
ment from 1842 to 1853. (1854.) The earliest
date is 1835. Index of Cases to both parts.
Ipswich. — The Principal Charters which have
been granted to the Corporation of Ipswich
in Suffolk, translated. (1754.) Names, as is
usual in charters, but no index.
The Oaths of Office of the Chief Magistrates,
Subordinate Officers, and Free Burgesses of
the Corporation of Ipswich. (1794.)
The Annalls of Ipswiche. The Laws, Cus-
tomes, and Governmt of the same. Collected
out of ye Records, Bookes, and Writings of
that Towne. By Nath11 Bacon, serving as
Recorder and Town Clark in that Towne.
Anno Dom: 1654. (1884.) By WT. H. Richard-
son. 1352-1649. No index of any kind.
Irvine. — Muniments of the Royal Burgh of Irvine.
Vol. I. (1890.) Vol. II. (1891.) Publica-
tions of the Ayrshire and Wigtownshire Arch. Soc.
No. 15. Index to each volume.
Jersey. — A Code of Laws for the Island of Jersey.
(1771.) Chiefly in French. There is an Index
of Subjects in that language at the end. The
regulations respecting the observance of Sun-
day are curious.
Kendal. — A Boke off Recorde of the Burgh of
Kirkby Kendal. Publications of the Cumb.
and West. Antiq. and Arch. Soc., Extra Series,
Vol. VII. (1892.) From 1575 to 1714.
Charters, Lists of Aldermen and Burgesses,
Inrolment of Pryntices, 1571 to 1645. Index
to Charters, of Acts, General, Names.
Kettermg. — The Compotus of the Manor of
Kettering for A.D. 1292. With Introduction,
Translation, and Notes by C. Wise. (1899.)
Has an Index.
Kimbolton. — See Huntingdon.
Kirkaldv. — Extracts from Old Minute Books
of the Burgh of Kirkaldy, 1582-1792. (1862.)
Newspaper cuttings pasted in a book, with a
printed title-page. Has a List of Provosts,
but no index.
A. RHODES.
(To be continued.)
MB. RHODES refers at 11 S. ii. 450 to my
' Bristol Lists, Municipal and Miscellaneous,'
with the description appended : " 1529.
The lists are alphabetical." The list of
M.P.s is carried back to 1529 ; those of
Mayors, Sheriffs, Councillors, and other
civic personages to 1598. All the lists are
continued to the date of publication (1899).
The book contains three alphabetical indexes,
but the arrangement of the individual lists
is in every case, chronological. I believe
the book is now out of print. I hope to
reissue it in a revised form, with some addi-
tional lists, and to bring it up to date.
ALFBED B. BEAVEN.
Leamii gton.
As editor of the Feet of Fines for Dorset
mentioned at the last reference above, I
should like to be permitted to correct a'
portion of the statement there given.
' Dorset Records ' is the name of an annual
publication, and as the various subjects
treated therein (which are necessarily issued
in instalments) get finished, they form
volumes of ' Dorset Records.' Thus vol. v.
contained the Feet of Fines from Richard I.
to Edward II., with Indices Nominum et
Locorum. The continuation of these Fines
has appeared annually since, and the part
for 1910 completes vol. x., and contains the
Fines from Edward III. to Richard III.,
complete with indexes.
EDW. ALEX. FBY.
227, Strand W.C.
To the interesting list of records contri-
buted to ' N. & Q.' by MB. RHODES I may
add, for the information of your readers,
that ' The Municipal Records of the Borough
of Dorchester, Dorset,' was privately printed
in 1908 and issued to subscribers by Canon
Mayo and myself. The work may be seen
at the Guildhall Library, the Bodleian
Library, and the Record Office, but I believe
the British Museum does not possess a copy.
ABTHUB W. GOULD.
Staverton, Briar Walk, Putney.
n s. IIL JUNE 24, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
495
MB. RHODES has not included under
Dublin ' Ancient Records of Dublin ' (being
-copies of the Assembly Rolls), 12 vols.,
1447-1778, edited by the late Sir John T.
Gilbert, and after his death by Lady Gilbert.
Vol. i. contains an account of the ancient
city charters, with calendars of the contents
of the White Book and the Chain Book of
the Dublin Corporation. H. F. BEBBY.
Public Record Office, Dublin.
The following may be added : —
Cloucester. — Rental of all the Houses in Glou-
cester, A.D. 1455, from a Roll in the possession
of the Corporation of Gloucester. Compiled
by Robert Cole. Edited, with a translation,
by W. A. Stevenson. 1890. — 4to, pp. xvi-148.
and facsimile illustrations. Issue restricted to
250 copies.
Bibliographer's Manual of Gloucestershire
Literature. By Hyett and Bazeley. 1895-7
3 yols. — 8vo. Issue limited to 350 copies
This contains a number of municipal entries.
JVM. JAGGABD.
Avonthwaite, Stratford-on-Avon.
MB. RHODES may not have noted under
Inverness : —
Records of Inverness. Vol. I. 1556-86. Edited
by William Mackay and Herbert Cameron
Boyd for the New Spalding Club. (1910.'
Vol. II. (and probably III.) to follow.
P. J. ANDEBSON.
Aberdeen University Library.
JUNITJS AND THE HOBSEWHIPPIXG OF
THE DUKE OF BEDFOBD (11 S. iii. 227, 292,
375, 410, 455). — My best thanks are due to
MB. ALAN STEWABT, by whose aid I seem
to have disposed of the fable of the Duke of
Bedford attending Lichfield races immediately
after his son's death, and being horse-
whipped as a punishment.
Now let me state the " family tradition,"
as given by Lord John Russell (afterwards
Earl Russell) in 1846 : " The fact was that
the Duke had been assaulted by some
Jacobite rioters, in the Jacobite county
of Stafford, two years after the rebellion^
Lord Brougham gives the same account
in his ' Statesmen of the Reign of George III.'
It should be remembered that the Duke
married Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower,
daughter of John, 1st Earl Gower, whose
defection from the Jacobite cause Johnson
satirized in his Dictionary. The Duke
seems to have attended the races in his
father-in-law's company, and to have shared
with him the attentions of the Jacobite
mob ; but this was twenty years before
Lorcl Tavistock's death.
GEOBGE W. E. RUSSELL.
The accuracy of statements in ' N. & Q.'
is justly valued ; therefore MB. PBYCE HOM-
FBAY WILLIAMS has done well to correct
(ante, p. 375) the spelling of the name of his
ancestor, Mr. Jeston Homfray, the country
attorney who assaulted the "little" Duke
of Bedford, as Walpole calls him, on Lich-
field race - course. Unfortunately, MB.
WILLIAMS has not been content with cor-
recting literal inaccuracies. Fortified by
what he terms " family tradition," he has
fastened an odious charge on the Duke's
private character.
The Marquis of Tavistock met with his
accident on 10 March, 1767, and died on the
24th of the same month. MB. WILLIAMS
asserts that the Duke of Bedford was " so
regardless of humanity and decency that he
went to Lichfield races when his son was
lying dead in his house." and that for this
violation of " the laws of society " he was,
then and there, horsewhipped by Mr. Jeston-
Homfray.
The political career of the Duke, who died
in 1770, is set out in contemporary history,
and his correspondence, edited by Lord John
Russell, has been published. His private
life is necessarily less known, and state-
ments alleged to be founded on domestic
incidents are less easy of refutation. But
facts contradict MB. WILLIAMS'S "family
tradition." That the Duke of Bedford was
assaulted is history ; that the cause of the
assault was the high-minded motive alleged
by MB. WILLIAMS is fiction (see Cavendish's
c Debates,' cited ante, p. 292).
The assault really occurred nearly twenty
years before the death of the Marquis of
Tavistock. The extract from " Junius "
is as follows : —
Your Grace is every way unfortunate. I will
not look back to those ridiculous scenes by which,
in your earlier days, you thought it an honour to be
distinguished :— the recorded stripes, the public
infamy, your own sufferings, or Mr. Rigby's forti-
tude."
Robert Heron in his edition of Junius,
published in 1804, thus annotates this
passage : —
"Junius is nes-er content to make the objects of
his satire odious, unless he can render them at the
same time contemptible. Mr. Heston Humphrey,
a country attorney, horsewhipped the Duke, with
equal justice, severity, and perseverence, on the
course at Lichfield ; Rigby and Lord Trentham were
also cudgelled in a most exemplary manner. This
gave rise to the following story : When the late
£ing heard that Sir Edward Hawke had given the
French a dubbing, His Majesty, who had never
•eceived that kind of chastisement, was pleased to
isk Lord Chesterfield the meaning of the word :
Sir,' says Lord Chesterfield, ' the meaning of the
496
NOTES AND QUERIES. m s. in. jra« •», mi.
word— but here comes the Duke of Bedford, who is
better able to explain it to Your Majesty than I ;
urn.' "
In dealing with the passage and explana-
tory note the following points help to fix
the date of the occurrence.
Junius wrote in September, 1769. It is
incredible that he could allude to an event
as having happened in the Duke's " earlier
days" if, as MB. WILLIAMS asserts, it had
occurred in March, 1767, or only eighteen
months before. In October, 1769, Junius
does refer to the Duke's supposed insensi-
bility at his son's recent death. He
instances in proof the Duke's visit to the
India House and appearing abroad. It is
incredible that he should have missed the
stronger point of the visit to Lichfield races
and its consequences, if those events had
really, as MB. WILLIAMS alleges, occurred
in 1767. But the incredibility of MB.
WILLIAMS' s statement does not rest only on
inferences ; it is established by facts.
That " the late King " was probably
George II. is suggested by the slightness of
his knowledge of English and his ignorance
of the word " drubbing." But as George III.
was still reigning when Robert Heron wrote
in 1804, it certainly was George II. There-
fore the events to which the anecdote refers
must have occurred before 1760, or seven
years earlier than the date which MB.
WILLIAMS assigns to the assault. Lord
Trentham succeeded to the title of Earl
Gower in 1758. The only Lord Trentham
in existence in 1767, if the cudgelling took
place in that year, was a child of ten. Sir
Thomas Burnet, one of the Judges of the
Common Pleas, who tried the assailants,
died in 1753, or fourteen years, if MB.
WILLIAMS is correct, before the assault which
he tried. Finally, the " drubbing " adminis-
tered by Sir Edward Hawke to the French
was the victory off Rochelle in October,
1747, when the Duke of Bedford was First
Lord of the Admiralty, nearly twenty
years before the date of the death of the
Marquis of Tavistock. That this was the
battle to which the anecdote refers is estab-
lished by Hawkes' own use of the word in the
dispatch in w^hich he announced that success
to the Admiralty : "As the enemy's ships
were large, they took a great deal of
drubbing."
There remains MB. WILLIAMS'S other
statement that the Duchess of Bedford left
Mr. Homfray some plate in gratitude for
his chastisement of her husbands' callous-
ness. The will of the Duchess, proved
in July, 1794, has been examined at Somer-
set House (see ante, p. 455). It is a short
document. There is no mention of Mr.
Homfray. There is no bequest of plate.
As Mr. Horn! ray's name cannot be found in
the ' Law List ' of 1783, it appears probable
that he died at least ten years before the
Duchess of Bedford, from whom, as MR.
WILLIAMS alleges, he inherited a bequest.
J. E. LATTON PICKEBING.
Inner Temple Library.
SCOTS Music (US. iii. 349).— The 'Elegy
on the Death of Scots Mtisic ' to some
extent explains itself. M'Gibbon, a famoi.s
violin-player in his day. had died some time
before the poem appeared. It is also true,,
no doubt, that old Scottish melodies were
beginning to be superseded by foreign airs,
Italian trills, German oratorios, and such
like. In short, the taste of the Scottish
people was undergoing a change for the
worse — or so the poet thought. The real
reason for the poem's appearance, however,
may be traced to a deeper source. It is to
be interpreted as a national lament over
the decay of Scotland's greatness. There
were many sad hearts in Scotland in those
days. In 1707 the Parliamentary union of
England- and Scotland had been accom-
plished. At Culloden in 1746 the hopes of
the Stuart line of kings were for ever laid
low. Scotland, so it seemed, had become
a mere province of England. English habits
and customs were rolling over the border
like a flood, submerging all things Scottish.
In these circumstances, Fergusson, in a
moment of inspiration, tuned his lyre to a
strain of lamentation, and bewailed the
decay of his country's glory, of which the
decline of Scots music was merely a symp-
tom and a warning. W. SCOTT.
'RALPH ROISTEB DOISTEB ' (11 S. iii.
367, 41.3, 454).— Udall, it should be remem-
bered, found his first patron in Queen
Catherine Parr ; and it was at her instance
| that he undertook the translation into
I English of the ' Paraphrase of the New
Testament' by Erasmus — a work in which
he was materially aided by the Princess
Mary, afterwards Mary I. As at this time
he espoused the Lutheran doctrine, lie dedi-
cated his work to Edward VI., and soon
afterwards became the recipient of various
preferments at the hands of the youthful
monarch. Though LTdall took up a resolute
attitude in the controversy with Gardiner
and the Catholics, on the accession of Mary
he succeeded in ingratiating himself both
with the Queen and her powerful prelate.
n s. m. JUNE 24, J9ii.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
497
Being aware of his dramatic talent, Mary
engaged him in 1554 to arrange the inter-
ludes that were to be represented at Court.
It is not, therefore, matter of surprise if
lie wrote the concluding prayer on behalf
of that queen, though it is thought by some
that it was written by some one else, after
his death in 1556, in eulogy of Elizabeth.
See the article on Udall in the ' D.X.B.'
N. W. HILL.
Xew York.
CHABTRES CATHEDRAL (11 S. iii. 448). —
I have the Abbe Bulteau's description of
Chartres Cathedral, and he says that the
Middle Ages adorned the figures on the
west porch with gilding and bright colours
("des couleurs les plus vives"). The
central door still retains traces of colouring
in its tympanum ; and the statues of the
side porches retain gilding and colouring.
J. D.
Speaking of the west front of Chartres
Cathedral, Prof. Lethaby says in ' Medieval
Art,' p. 219 : " Here and there are traces
that the sculptures were formerly covered
with bright colour and gold " ; and these
traces of colour are also noticed in M. and
E. Marriage's ' The Sculptures of Chartres
Cathedral,' p. 21. BEXJ. WALKER.
Gravelly Hill, Erdingfon.
'THE REFUGE,' 1808 (11 S. iii. 248).—
4 The Refuge,' published by Whittingham in
1808, was afterwards, I think, issued by
Longman under the title ' Refuge : Letters on
Happiness to Lavinia.' ' The Guide to Domes-
tic Happiness' by the same author appeared
in 1778, and again in 1794 in apparently
an enlarged form. Some time after 1808
it was issued by Bogue, and subsequently
by Longman. No hint of the authorship
is anywhere given in catalogues.
T. S. R. W.
BONAR & Co. (11 S. iii. 369, 457).— The
Thomson Bonar family portraits formerly
at Camden Place, Chislehurst, were sold
at Christie's on 9 May, 1896, and comprised
works by Lawrence, Romney, and Russell.
Three of the portraits were bought in, and
again put up on 8 May, 1897, when they
were sold. Hoppner's portrait of Thomson
Bonar was sold at the same place 14 June,
1902.
Some other Bonar family portraits —
T think miniatures chiefly — were recently
sold at Christie's, but I do not happen to
have the exact date by me. W. ROBERTS.
CHRISTIAN NAMES USED BY BOTH MEN
AND WOMEN (US. iii. 387, 456).— There is
buried in the churchyard here " Christian,
wife of Thomas Saddler, who died July ye
27, 1777, aged 56." There is also com-
memorated in West Haddon Churchyard,
Northamptonshire, Francis Wilcox Gardner
(6b. 15 Dec., 1899, aged 39), whom I know
to have been a woman.
In Stepney churchyard is a stone to the
memory of " Nicholas Ann Aitken, daughter
of William and Mary Aitken of Blackwall,
who departed this life on the 5th day of
April, 1812, aged 26 years." I believe there
are many cases recorded of Ann being rsed
as a man's name. JOHN T. PAGE.
Long Itehington, Warwickshire.
Neither EL SOLTERO nor any of the writers
at the second reference have included the
nameof Patience. Though the name is usually
borne by a woman (will the late Sir W. S.
Gilbert's play be accepted as an authority ?),
Sir Patience Ward, Lord Mayor of London
in 1680, is an example of this name being
bestowed on a man.
The second Earl of Albemarle was William
Anne van Keppel (born 1702, died 1754).
R. L. MORETON. ,
To the list supplied by EL SOLTERO may
be added the name of Douglas.
F. E. R. POLLARD-URQUHART,
26, Dover Street, W.
[We cannot insert more on this subject.]
ANAXIAS AS A CHRISTIAN NAME (11 S. iii.
266, 333, 395, 453). — One Ananias Vate
married Maria Poppelton and had a son
William Ananias, born at Colombo 28 August,
1851. F. H. DE Vos.
Galle, Ceylon.
[This subject must now also close.]
FIFIELD D'AssiGNY (US. iii. 409, 475).—
Except as a writer on one particular phase
of Freemasonry, this D'Assigny seems to
be very little known, though he styles him-
self M.D. " A Serious and Impartial
Enquiry into the Cause of the Present Decay
of Free-Masonry in the Kingdom of Ireland.
By Fifield Dassigny, M.D., author of ' The
Impartial Answer to the Enemies of Free-
Masons,' " wa<? published at Dublin in 1744n
Only three copies of * A serious and Impar-
tial Enquiry ' are known to exist ; and no
copy of ' The Impartial Answer ' has yet
been traced. The former has been re-
printed more than once — in 1893 in separate
form.
498
NOTES AND QUERIES. en s. m. JUNE 24, 1911.
A Maurice D'Assigny, 1643-1717, is
noticed in the 'D.X.B.' as probably a son
of ,M. D'Assigny, French Protestant minister
at Norwich, and buried at Woodham Walter
Church, Essex. W. B. H.
RAGS LEFT AT WELLS (11 S. iii. 409, 470).
— MR. HARRIS STONE will find some infor-
mation in The Athenceum, 1 April, 1893,
pp. 415-16. Reference is there made to
Mr. Gomme's then newly issued work
' Ethnology in Folk-lore.'
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
36, Upper Bedford Place, W.C.
" SEFTON," A CARRIAGE (US. iii. 447).—
The " Sefton " is a light landau suitable
for one horse. It was shown at the Inven-
tions Exhibition of 1885 by Messrs. Hooper,
and was named after the Earl of Sefton, for
whom it had been built (see Sir W. Gilbey,
' Modern Carriages,' 1905, p. 44).
The ' N.E.D.' has included the following
carriages : barouche, britzka, brougham, clar-
ence, cosy, dennet, droshky, hackney, hansom,
landau, landaulet, phaeton, Ralli car, and
T cart. The c N.E.D.' has excluded the
following : Battlesden, Imperial Clarence
(as used by the first Lord Lytton, see G. A.
Thrupp, 'Hist, of Coaches,' 1877, p. 92),
Malvern cart, Newport Pagnel, and Norwich
cart. The following quotations may be of
use : —
" Tell one of the boys to put the fastest horse
of the lot into the Newport Pagnel and to bring it
up here."— 1862, M. E. Braddon, 'Aurora Floyd,'
chap. xxi.
"The gradual development of the dogcart in all
its varied shapes of Newport Pagnel, Malvern
cart, Whitechapel Norwich cart, &c., are too
well known to need enlarging upon." — Thrupp, «.$.,
p. 85.
Sir W. Gilbey 's ' Early Carriages and
Roads,' 1903, may also be referred to.
M.
" Sefton," as an adjective, is also used
to designate a peculiar kind of " Pelham "
horse-bit. A " Pelham " .riding bit has
two reins and a single headpiece. A
"Sefton Pelham " bit has an egg-shaped
link with double joint in the middle of the
mouthpiece. Both terms are supposed to
be attributable to the names of the in-
ventors. F. J. OVERTON.
In his inquiry regarding this word DR.
BRADLEY surely says the opposite of what
he intends to say. "Was it so called,"
he writes, " from the title of the Earl of
Sefton, or from the name of the maker ?
In the latter case the claim of the designation
to be treated as a word of the English lan-
guage may be doubtful." The contrary
opinion has hitherto prevailed. We haver
for example, Aldine, Elzevir, Chippendale,.
Sheraton, derringer, Winchester, and mack-
intosh belonging to the second class of words
referred to ; while " brougham " mainly f
if not altogether, represents the first.
W. B.
[" Wellingtons " and "bluchers," boots and high
shoes respectively, may be added to "brougham."]
INDEXES LOCORTJM TO PRINTED PARISH
REGISTERS (11 S.^ iii. 186, 256, 276).— At
the time of contributing my note upon this
subject (see the first reference above),
I had not gained access to the most recently
issued volume of the Harleian Society's
registers. This, the first volume of the
marriages at St. Benet and St. Peter, Paul's
Wharf, covering the period 1619 to 1730,
I am glad to find contains a full index of
places in addition to the customary index
of names, so that it may reasonably be
assumed that it is the intention of the
Society to amend its ways for the future
in this respect.
May I add to my plea for further indexing:
of printed registers generally a request that
names of clergyman officiating at weddings
may in all cases be taken into the indexes-
nominum, preferably with the style (Rev.)
preserved ? In my observation many
editors omit to include these important
references, thus unwittingly causing con-
siderable trouble to would-be biographers
of old-time members of the clergy.
WILLIAM MCMTJRRAY,
COWPER'S ' CHARITY ' : " PORCELAIN "
(US. iii. 409, 456). — I am obliged to your
correspondents for their replies. That
Cowper's allusion is to a porcelain figure
of Charity is abundantly clear, but has any
one of them ever seen such a porcelain
figure ? or ever read of it, except in Cow-
per ? or ever heard of it ? J. M.
FATHER QUIROGA AND THE THIRTY
YEARS' WAR (11 S. iii. 409, 452).— Asa spiritual
confessor to the Imperial Court of Vienna
(since 1633) Pater Quiroga is twice mentioned
on pp. 464 and 476 of Dr. Georg Winter's
' Geschichte des 30 jahrigen Krieges ' (,8vo,
Berlin, 1893), a volume of W. Oncken's
great illustrated series of " Allgemeine
Geschichte in Einzel-Darstellungen " (pub.
in 42 vols., together with a General Index
vol. in 4 parts, 1876-93). H. KREBS.
ii s. m. JUNE 24, mi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
499
The translator of Gindely's work was Prof,
ten Brook, not, as printed ante, p. 452,
Prof, ten Brink. D. O. HUNTER BLAIR.
The Hfxaplar Psalter. Edited by W. Aid is
Wright. (Cambridge University Press.)
THIS valuable edition of the English Psalter has
been called into being, no doubt, by the Ter-
centenary of the Authorized Version. The four
early versions, in addition to an exact reprint of
the Authorized, 1611, and the Revised, 1885,
here printed in parallel columns, are those of
Miles Coverdale, made in 1535 after the German
translation ; of the Great Bible, so called, pro-
duced under the auspices of Thomas Cromwell in
1539 ; the Geneva, or Puritan Bible, produced in
1560 ; and the Bishops' Bible, 1568, which, though
it enjoyed but a short-lived popularity, has left
its mark in the Book of Common Prayer, into
which this rendering of the Psalms has been
incorporated.
With these six exemplais open at one view, it
is interesting to note how a typical passage like
that of Psalm xlv. has been treated. With the
heading in the Hebrew ' A Song of Love,' it has
generally been regarded as an epithalamium or
amatory ode on the wedding of one of the Israel-
itish kings. But some mystical writers have
understood the Messiah to be the king intended ;
and some of these versions — the Genevan, for
example — have taken on themselves the office of
commentator, and printed the word " king "
with a capital, and similarly the word " lord "
in verse 11. Indeed, the Great Bible version,
following the Vulgate, goes so far as to interpolate
the word " god " after " lord," to prevent the
passage being understood otherwise—" he is thy
Lorde (God) & worshippe thou him," which,
being retained in the Prayer Book Psalms
(verse 12), has misled many generations of wor-
shippers. It is strange that the Revised Version,
by keeping the obsolescent word " worship,"
perpetuates the error. The obvious meaning of
the precept addressed to the bride is " The king
shall delight in thy beauty ; for he is thy lord-
and-master, and reverence thou him."
For the accuracy of the reproduction the name
of the accomplished editor is a sufficient guarantee.
FURTHER issues of Messrs. Methuen's " Little
Guides " are Berkshire, by F. G. Brabant, who has
already done ' The English Lakes ' and ' Sussex ' ;
and Wiltshire, by Frank R. Heath, whose
' Dorset ' is in a second edition.
The little books will be found very useful for
tourists. Their general summaries are adequate,
and the alphabetical arrangement of place-names
is the best for ready reference. We think the
publishers might insert a little notice asking for
revisions and additions, for the general scheme
of the series is so good that it should be worth
enlarging. For instance, some villages deserve
praise for their picturesqueness, whilst others are
less agreeable as having no inn, the search for
which is a tedious business. The lists of the
" Guides " at the end are hardly up to date,
describing, as they do, the two* before us as
" in preparation."
BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. — JUNE.
MR. P. M. BARNARD'S Tunbridge Wells Cata-
logue 43 contains Tudor and Early Stuart History
and Literature. Under Bacon are the third
edition of ' Sylva,' 1631, 31. 10s. ; and ' The
Advancement of Learning,' 1633, 11. 16s. Bede's
' Church of England,' translated by Stapleton,
and bound with it Stapleton's ' Fortresse of the
Faith,' both first editions, 1565, are 21. 15s. Tho
first edition of Benlowes's ' Love's Sacrifice,'
1652, is 3?. 15s. ; the first edition of Brathwaite'ti
" Ar't asleepe Husband ? " an unusually large
copy in fine condition, modern morocco, 1640,
151. ; and Burrough's ' Sad and Great Persecu-
tion,' 4to, boards, roan back, 1660, 8?. 8s. There
are lists under Calvin and Davenant. Under
Cromwell is a fine copy of ' Parallelum Oliva?,'
with exceptionally good impressions of the two
portraits of Cromwell engraved by Faithorne>
original calf, 1656, 51. 5s. Under Elizabeth is
the first edition of Creighton's memoir, Japanese
paper, with two series of the plates, original
covers, 121. 10s. A black-letter copy of the
' Gesta Romanorum,' modern calf, 1681, 4J. 4s. ;
the second edition of Holinshed, 3 vols in 2, with
a reprint of the Castrations published separately,
and 20 portraits inserted in vol. iii., folio, old calf,.
1585-7, 81. 10s. ; and the first edition of Knox's
' Reformation,' 1586 or 1587, calf, 141. There
are items under Sir Thomas More. The first
edition of ' My Ladies Looking Glasse,' by Rich,.
4to, 1616, is 17?. 10s. There are a number of
Statutes. There is an index of printers and book-
sellers of books printed in England, and books
in English printed abroad, up to 1640. This
adds much to the interest of the Catalogue.
Mr. James G. Commin's Exeter Catalogue 274
contains the first portion of the library of our old
contributor the late Dr. Brushfield. There are
lists under Alpine and America, a number of
Dictionaries and Glossaries, also works relating
to Devonshire. A choice set of the Ballad
Society's Publications, 12 vols., half-morocco,
1868-93, is 10/. 10s. Works under Bibliography
include one of 130 copies of the Catalogue of the
Huth Library, 5 vols., 4to, half-morocco, 1880,
61. ; and Sonnenschein's ' Best Books ' and
' Reader's Guide,' 4to, 1896, 11. 12s. Burke's
' Encyclopaedia of Heraldry,' 2 vols., morocco ,.
1844, is 21. 10s. Under Campanology are m»ny
well-known works. Under Cheshire are Ear-
waker's ' East Cheshire,' 2 vols., 4to, 1887,.
21. 10s. ; ' The Cheshire Sheaf,' 7 vols., half-calf,
and parts, 1878-1903, 51. 10s. ; and Chester
Archaeological Society's Journal, 1849-1909, 81. 8s.
Under Coronation Procession is Fores's ' Her
Majesty's Coronation, June 28th, 1838,' panorama
sixty feet long, 51. 5s. The general portion con-
tains the Edition de Luxe o Dickens, 32 vols.,.
royal 8vo, cloth, 131. 10s. ; Early English Tex.
Society, 1864-90, 50 vols. and 35 parts, 251. 10s. :
and Folk-lore Society, complete set, 1878-1904,
20J. The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731 to 1868>
with four index vols. and list of plates 1 vol.,.
is Nichols's own set, with additional plates and
MS. notes, also 5 quarto vols. of MS. obituary
notices, together 234 vols., half-calf, 251. With
this set will be included a large tea-chest con-
taining several thousand letters addressed to the
editor. Creighton's ' Queen Elizabeth,' Goupil's
edition, 4to, half-morocco, is 81. 10*. ; Pitt-
500
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. m. JUXE ->4, 1911.
"Rivers's Archaeological Works, with memoir by
Gray, 6 vols., 4to, privately printed, 1887-1905,
5Z. 5s. ; a set of The Reliquary, 34 vols., 81. 8s. ;
and Northcote's ' Sir Joshua Reynolds.' with
the scarce Supplement, an extra-illustrated copy,
4to, calf extra, 1813-15, 4Z. 10s.
Mr. George Gregory's Bath Catalogue 203-4
contains recent purchases. We note ' Aris-
tophanis Comcediae,' 5 vols., large paper,
royal 8vo, levant, a fine set, 21. ; Bacon's
Works. 10 vols., 1824, 1Z. Is. ; and Hume and
Smollett, 13 vols., Pickering, 1826, 1?. There are
a number of journals, magazines, and Proceedings
of Societies. American items include Reports
of the Coast, Geological, and Geographical
Surveys. A complete set of The Ancestor, a fine
unopened copy, is 21. There is a complete
set of The Illustrated London News to December,
1899, 9Z., besides a set of The Graphic. There
are original documents in courthand with seals,
with facsimile illustrations dating from 1260
to 1750, comprising wills and chantry foundations,
chiefly relating to Wells, Chedder and district,
and a few Exeter documents. 'There is also a
collection of Nelson MSS. containing upwards of
250 original documents.
Messrs. Jeffery & Co. send two Catalogues,
Nos. 12 and 13, both containing cheap books and
pamphlets. There is one item of special interest
to Thackeray collectors, The National Standard
of Literature, Nos. 1 to 57, all issued. A note
states that Dr. John Brown, referring to The
National Standard and Thackeray's connexion
with it, says that " Thackeray's editorial reign
began about the nineteenth number, after
which he appears to have done a good deal of
work, reviews, criticisms, verses, &c." (North
British Review, February, 1864). There are
pamphlets under America, Ireland, Slave Trade,
.and Woman Suffrage 1871. There is an auto-
graph letter of Lancaster, the founder of the
system of education associated with his name.
A copy of ' The London Catalogue of Books,
1800-27,' is 10s. Qd.
Messrs. Sotheran & Co.'s Price Current 715 is
rich in Books on Botany. Gardening, and Hus-
bandry, all the well-known authorities appearing.
There are sets of Curtis's Botanical Magazine
.and of The Garden. Curtis's ' Flora Londinensis,'
second edition, 647 plates coloured by hand,
5 vols., royal folio, half-morocco, 1817-28, is
31Z. 10s. ; a choice copy of Gerarde's ' Herbal,'
levant extra, 1597, 25Z. ; Sweet's ' British Flower
Garden,' 7 vols., royal 8vo, half-calf, 1823-38,
21Z. ; and a Japanese Flora .with three indexes,
21 vols. in 11, half-morocco, 11. 15s. Books on
Freemasonry include a series of designs of the
initiation ceremony, 7 coloured plates, 1812, 15Z.
15s. There are books from the library of the author
of ' Tom Brown's Schooldays,' and selections of
foreign books from the library of the late Dr.
Emil Reich, each bearing his book-plate.
The other portion of the Catalogue contains
the new Library Edition of Ruskin, 38 vols.,
1903-9, 251. 10s. (the last volume wilLbe forwarded
to the buyer when published). Under Shake-
speare we find the Fourth Folio, the third Quarto
of ' The Merchant of Venice,' the sixth Quarto of
; Pericles,' and a choice set which includes the
fourth edition of Johnson and Steevens, Malone,
Douce, and others, together 23 vols., morocco with
floral tooling by Lewis, 1791-1807, 151. There
are a number of works under Halliwell- Phillipps.
Under Shelley is a copy of the poet's second
publication, ' St. Irvyne,' the first edition,
fcap. 8vo, with boards as issued, but with a new
Earchment back, wholly uncut, in a silken card-
oard case, Stockdale, 1811, 65Z. Mr. Sotherau
ha a note states that the book met with such a
poor reception that the sheets were sold off as a
remainder. In 1822 the holders of the sheets
bound them up with a new title-page dated that
year. Under Surrey is a copy of Manning and Bray,
3 vols., royal folio, calf, 1804-14, 211. Under
Tennyson is the Edition de Luxe, 12 vols, levant
by Riviere, 18Z. 18s. There is a choice set of
Walpole's Historical Memoirs, 20 vols., 8vo, half-
levant, 1845-59, 38Z. Under Yvery is Anderson's
' Genealogical History,' privately printed, 1742,
12Z. 12s.
[Notices of other Catalogues held over.]
MESSRS. BOWES & BOWES of 1, Trinity Street,
Cambridge, invite subscriptions for an ' Index
to the Cole MSS.,' by Mr. J. E. Foster and Mr.
G. J. Gray. The MSS. in question are a large
mass of documents, and a guide to their contents
should be very useful to historians and antiquaries.
The MSS. refer largely to Cambridgeshire, but
also to other counties, and the specimen of the
Index sent to us is very satisfactory as a means
of readily ascertaining details concerning places
or persons.
THERE will be a private press view of a Thacke-
ray Exhibition at the Old Charterhouse, B.C.,
on the afternoon of Wednesday, the 28th inst.
The exhibition will be opened on the 30th by Lord
Rosebery.
tn
WE beg leave to state that we decline to return
communications which, for any reason, we do not
print, and to this rule we can make no exception.
WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately,
nor can we advise correspondents as to the value
of old books and other objects or as to the means oi
disposing of them.
EDITORIAL communications should be addressed
to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries'"— Adver-
tisements arid Business Letters to " The Pub-
lishers "—at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, E.C.
To secure insertion of communications corre-
spondents must observe the following rules. Let
each note, query, or reply be written on a separate
slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and
such address as he wishes to appear. When answer-
ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous
entries in the paper, contributors are requested to
put in parentheses, immediately after the exact
heading, the series, volume, and page or pages tc
which they refer. Correspondents who repeat
queries are requested to head the second com-
munication " Duplicate."
J. R. M. (" The good Ananias ").— Noted
ante, p. 395.
Notes anil Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
ELEVENTH SERIES.— VOL. III.
[For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLISHED,
EPK4RAMS, EPITAPHS, FOLK-LORE, HERALDRY, OBITUARY- , PLVCE-NAMES, PROVERBS ANI>
PHRASES, QUOTATIONS, SHAKESPEARIANA, SONGS AND BALLADS, and TAVERN SIGNS.]
A. (G.) on battle of Barnet, 208
Aaroiis (George), Freemason, c. 1837, his bio-
graphy, 289
Aberdonian on dogs on brasses, 208
Abrahams (Aleck) on Court life, 193
Elizabeth (Queen), statue in the Royal
Exchange, 230
Grange, Kilburn, 306
Great Snow in 1614, 158
Gresham College, Royal Exchange, and
Crosby Hall, 241
Hockley-in the-Hole : broadsword contests,
446
Ireland (W. and G.), 128
Keats, Hampstead, and Sir C. W. Dilke, 176
Moving pictures to cinematographs, 56
Museums of London Antiquities, 401, 483
Newspaper, first halfpenny, 432 .
Raleigh (Sir Walter), and tobacco, 175
Snow statues, 308
Spencer (Second Earl), his death, 46
Terrace, 251, 291, 391
Thread papers, 153
Underground Soho, 173
Wellington statues in London, 285
Absinthe-drinking, its origin, 149, 176
Abyssinia, Swedish mission to, 1866, 288, 417
Adders' fat, a cure for deafness, 69, 117, 171
Addleshaw (Percy) on spitting in Litany, 294
Adelaide, widow of Hermann IV., c. 1077, 428
Advertisements : apologies after fifty years, 106
Aerial post, Indian, 265
Aerial ship, advertised in ' Athenaeum ' in 1835, 65
Africa, South, bibliography of, 5
Afternooning, term in sermon, 1718, 206
Agnes on Bathurst (Sir Francis), 88
Aidie (Andrew), of Danzig and Aberdeen, 1610, 246
Ainsworth (Robert), lexicographer, his birthplace,
406, 476
Aislabie family, 108
Aitcho on ' Big Ben ' and Phil May, 237
H.M.S. Pactolus, 275
Teapoy : cellarette : gardevin, 272
Victory : early ships of the name, 68
Albert, Prince Consort, his local history of
Balmoral, 428
Aldworth (A. E.) on ' Tom Jones ' : dowdy, 289
" Aleppo Merchant " Inn, Carno, Montgomery-
shire, 289, 396
Alfieri (Count Vittorio), visit to England c. 1771,
37,76
Allen (Archdeacon Fifield), his marriage, 91
Allen (Hope Emily) on Rolle's 'Prick of Con-
science,' 227
Alliteration: " Musice mentis medicina mcestfie,"
46
Almighty dollar, earliest use of the phrase, 109,
179,211
Alnwick : walking through a bog, old custom, 47
Ambassadors, French, in London, 1763-93, 309,
358 ; foreign, in London during 18th century,
429
American words and phrases, 48, 172, 196, 315, 354
Amphisbasnic book, in the Bodleian Library.
89, 176
Ananias as a Christian name, 266, 333, 395, 453,
497
Anderson (J. S.) on Anderson : Simpson : Dick-
son, 188
Anderson (P. J.) on Prince Albert on Balmoral.
428
Boys' magazines in the fifties and sixties.
389
Chalmers (William) of Fintray, 181
Chorley (Josiah), 287
' Edwin Drood,' 307
' Gentleman's Magazine ' : numbering of
volumes, 16
Morelius (Eligius) and Gilbert Masius, 488
Municipal records printed, 495
Theses by Principal Andrew Aidie, 246
Anderson, Simpson, and Dickson genealogies.
188
Anglo-American mail service : its bicentenary, 5
Anglo-Scot on Carent : Patricksmas : Lukesmas, 9
Animals on brasses and stone effigies, 208, 310, 376,
451
Anon=erewhile, use of the word, 266
Anonymous Works: —
Churches of Yorkshire, 366, 418, 473
Crystals from Sydenham, 1855, 127
Discord, a satire, poem, 1773, 248
Farewell to the Swallows, poem, 69
Guide to the Penitent, 88, 272
House of Too Much Trouble, poem, 248
Magpie's death, dialogue, 187, 275
May Fair, a poem, 1827, 329, 377, 438
Nine Tailors of Tooley Street, 1832-5, 267
Old Poulter's Mare, 228
Progress of the Pilgrim Good-intent, 9, 58
Refuge, 1808, 248, 497
Rhoda, a novel, 449
Sentimental Journey to Margate and Hastings ,
449
Voice from the Bush, a poem, 48, 114, 214,
271, 490
Wandering Nag, Irish poem, 346
White Hand and a Black Thumb, 249, 338
Work published by Longmans, 1827, and
Josiah Chorley, 287
Anscombe (A.) on Bishop Fastida and farmhouse
bread, 305
Gratious on Gracines Street, 212
502
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Antiquities, London, museums of, 401, 483
Antrim on glass manufactured at Belfast, 408
Apparition at Pirton, Herts, 466
Apperson (G. L.) on pauper's badge, 118
" Put a beggar on horseback," 334
' Young Folks,' 34
Appleyard (John), his death c. 1572, 307
Arbuthnot (John), physician and wit, his mar-
riage, 109
Arbuthnot (Robert) ^Beatrix Gordon, her father,
69, 234, 294
Archer (H. G.) on black bandsmen in the Army,
370
Chamney or Cholmondeley family, 3
D'lsraeli (Benjamin) of Dublin, 134
Archibald (R. C.) on English mathematical diaries,
252
Mathematical periodicals, 253
Mathematical terms not in ' N.E.D.,' 426
' Mathematical Transactions,' 246
Arcoul, French privateer, taken by Portland
packet, Roebuck, 288
Aristotle on education, 107, 258, 433
Arkle (A. H.) on authors of quotations wanted, 196
Rags and old clothes left at wells, 470
Terrace, 252
Armiger, meaning of the word in ' Alumni
Oxonienses,' 167, 231
Army, black bandsmen in, 287, 336, 370, 432
Arnold (Matthew) on hurry of modern life, 488
Arnolfini family, 147, 217, 350
Arrow, broad arrow, the King's mark, 1383, 245
Artephius, ' De Characteribus Planetarum,' 35
Arter (Andrew), memorial at Hammersmith, 10,
75
Arundel (Sir John) of Clerkenwell, c. 1588, 367,
415, 491
Ascham (Roger) and loannes Ravisius Textor,
441
Ashley or Astley (Katherine), governess to Queen
Elizabeth, 447
Ashton (Sir William), M.P. 1624, his biography,
387, 477
Astarte on authors of quotations wanted, 388
" O dear, my good masters," 128
Scott (Sir Walter), his poet ancestor, 287
Sheep : their colour, 466
Astley or Ashley (Katherine), governess to Queen
Elizabeth, 447
Atrebatum=Artois, ghosts in the churchyard,
189, 256
Attwood (J. S.) on " Or. Goldsmith, B.A.," 28
Austen (Canon George) on St. William's Day at
York, 107
Austin (Roland) on Benjamin Bathurst, 90
County coats of arms : co. Somerset, 77
Gloucestershire booksellers, 348
High Stewards and Recorders at the Restora-
tion, 17
Rudder (Samuel), 244
Avoirdupois on weight of 1588, 408
Axon (Ernest) on Ains worth the lexicographer,
406
Axon (W. E. A.) on Samuel Byrom, 195
Gallows Bank : Matthew Cockling, 378
Lockhart on Dante, 248
' May Fair,' 377
Mediaeval " Oberammergaus," 333
Murderous London boatman of 1586, 446
Robinson (Crabb) and De Quincey, 102
Rousthwel (Chotta), 386
' Tit for Tat,' 112
Uttoxeter's first book, 405
B
B. (A. A.) on Gladstone on the upas tree, 414
" Welcome as the flowers in May," 414
B. (B.) on Stair divorce, 1820, 174
B. (C.) on ' Flying Dutchman,' 48
Lawrence (Sir T.), his sketch of Mrs. Linley,
348
B. (C. C.) on adder's fat as cure for deafness, 117
American words and phrases, 315
Aristotle on education, 258
Authorized Version : date of translations, 395
Bee-swarms, 478
Danes'-blood, a flower, 16
Echoes, remarkable, 352
' N.E.D.' : missing words in ' Si — Simple,' 146
Raleigh (Sir Walter) and tobacco, 34
Rhubarb : its derivation, 393
Rice for the complexion, 258
Siligo : sprig : beckab : draget, 233
Spider's web and fever, 174
Unicorn on royal arms, 274
Winchester quart : " Corbyn " : " Chopin," 56
Woodyer, 116
B. (E. F.) on ' House of Too Much Trouble,' 248
B. (E. G.) on Scarborough Spa, 157
B. (E. T.) on teapoy : cellarette : gardevin, 272
B. (G.) on Thoresby pedigree, 258
B. (G. D.) on Bishop William FitzGerald, 91
Guest (Sir Lyonell), 53
B. (G. F. R.) on John Arbuthnot, physician and
wit, 109
Barbour (Charles), 109
Bransby (Mansel), 269
Bressey (William), 269
Brett (Arthur), 269
Burton (Rev. Thomas), D.D., 288
Byrom (Samuel), 168
Collins (Essex), 389
Coryat (Thomas) and Westminster School, 254
D'Agar, 389
D'Assigny (Fifield), 409
Da Costa, 389
Dann (Richard), 449
Debat (Daniel), 409
Dehany (Philip), 449
Delaplace (George), 449
Drake (James), M.D., 109
Drake (Montagu Gerrard), 29
Drummond (John), 429
Duroure (Col.), 389
Falkener (John Bannister), 288
Ginger (Henry), 129
Grant (Gabriel), Prebendary of Westminster, 8
Hare (Thomas), 254
Heath (James), Royalist historian, 288
Heath (Richard), 109
Henchman (Humphrey), 288
Heylin (Richard), 29
Ibbetson, 129
Janeway (James), 129
Jarrett (Edward), 188
Johnson (Dr.) of Warwick, 188
Jones (Thomas Morres), 148
Joye (Charles), 188
Ken (Bishop), 290
Lockwood (William Joseph), 29, 254
Prior (Matthew), his birthplace, 254
Puns on Payne, 36
" Royal Blue " omnibuses, 257
Terrace, 291
Vesey (John), Archbishop of Tuam, 429
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
503
B. (H. A.) on Anne Boleyn : Bulley Family, 8
B. (H. I.) on bacon : hobby-horse, 465
Bruce (Michael) and ' Ode to the Cuckoo,' 104
Christmas bough : Christmas bush, 14
' Walrus and the Carpenter ' : " sackbut," 35
Wishes, three, 97
B. (I. X.) on authors of quotations wanted, 348
B. (J.) on c and t interchanged, 229
White meats : wigs : afternooning, 206
B. (M. A.) on authors of quotations wanted, 147
B. (P. G.) on ' The Refuge,' 1808, 248
B. (B.) on authors of quotations wanted, 92
Bedford Library, 446
Elmham (William), 193
Horses taken to church, 318
Pastrana (Julia), 179
' Sentimental Journey to Margate ' : ' Bhoda,'
449
' Voice from the Bush,' 115
B — r (B.) on Poor Souls' Light : " Totenlaterne,"
31
B. (B. E.) on James Porsyth, 25
B. (B. S.) on gentleman : armiger : privilegiatus,
232
Moore of Bankhall and Liverpool, 469
Provence (Guy and Simon de), 489
Shersons of Ellel Craig and Lancaster, 236
B. (S.) on orgeat, 435
B. (T. F.) on Machyn's Diary, 269
B. (W.) on Scots music, 349
Sefton, a carriage, 498
B. (WT. C.) on American words and phrases, 196
Authors of quotations wanted, 76
Baptismal scarf, 165
Berkshire churchwardens' accounts, 164
Booth (Mrs.), actress, 146
Boole-lead : bole : bull, 477
Buckrose : Faircross, 464
' Churches of Yorkshire,' 418
Collar of SS : the forget-me-not, 413
•Coroner of the Verge, 96
Corn and dishonesty : an honest miller, 13
Delafield (Bev. Thomas), his manuscripts,
412
Deville, 226
English Bible, 1611, 101
Gale family, 297
•Gray's ' Elegy ' : translations and parodies,
145
King's Champion, 461
Latin hexameters by machinery : John
Peter, 250
May Day : May-games : May-poles, 321
Pheasant penny, 337
B's of sailors, 57
Bags and old clothes left at wells, 471
Boeites of Calverton : Wroeites of Australia,
455
Shakespeare and the Prayer Book, 301, 439
Siligo : sprig : beckab : draget, 233
Thread-papers, 90
Vestry held on Lady Day, 338
Weight of 1588, 456
" Welcome as the flowers in May," 478
Whyteheer or Whytebeer, 98
B. (W. H.) on Sir W. Langstow : St. Zita's
Chapel, 229
B and G confused in Domesday and Feudal Aids,
443
Babies' health affected by kittens, 18
Bacon, earliest use of the word, 1081, 465
Bacon (Francis), his Essay XVI. and Sir J.
Davies, 124
BaddeleyI(Bichard),-1620, his biography, 189,
Baddeley (St. Clair) on Bichard Baddeley, 492
Comyn (Chevalier), 448
Fishing in classical times, 393
Lacy as a place-name, 137
Sweetapple surname, 134
Badge worn by paupers, its history, 55, 118
Bagdad, origin of the name, 69
Bagehot (Walter) on the Crown, 307, 357
Bagnall (John), philosopher, c. 1784, his bio-
graphy, 268
Bagster (S. S.) on Ananias as a Christian name,
395
Christian names used by men and women, 456
Walton and Cotton medal, 398
Baillie, Anderson, and Simpson genealogies, 188
Bakester (Geffery le) de Loffithe, Forfar, c. 1296,
207, 372
Baldock (Major G. Yarrow) on Hanoverian regi-
ment, 415
Balfour (John), b. 1775, graduated 1789, 32, 75,
327
Ball (H. Houston) on Abp. Euseby Cleaver, 114
Cotter (Bogerson), 114
' Ballad of Splendid Silence,' its historical founda-
tion, 426
Ballantyne (James), his Kelso press, 347, 396,
435, 457
Bandsmen, black, in the Army, 287, 336, 370,
432
Banks (Percival), c. 1650, his genealogy, 267
Baptism, Jordan not a type, 184, 256
Baptismal scarf, heirloom of Fitzwilliam family,
165, 215
Bar sinister, early use of the term, 212
Barabbas a publisher or bookseller, Byron's
comparison, 335
Barbour (Charles), Westminster scholar, 1674,
109
Barn Elms Farm, 1821, its locality, 267, 313
Barnard (G. W. G.) on Fifield D'Assigny, 475
Barnburner, American political name, 229,
314, 335
Barnet, battle of, its site, 208, 414
Barrell (Savage) and Humphrey Cotes, 308
Barrett (Wilson), his stage debut, 225, 276
Barrow (T. H.) on black bandsmen in the Army,
432
Barrow (Thomas), artist, d. 1820, his descendants,
169
Barrows : long barrows and rectangular earth-
works, books on, 88, 273
Barrule on reform of the Calendar, 205
Bathampton on Madame D'Arblay and Disraeli,
348
Bathurst (Benjamin), English diplomat, his
mysterious disappearance c. 1810, 46, 90
Bathurst (Sir Francis), his marriages and death,
88
Batsford (B. T.) on Talman and John Webb,
247
Battle at Bigby, Lincolnshire, 1645, 487
Battle in Lincolnshire, 1643 (not 1655), its
identity, 135
Battle of Barnet, its site, 208, 414
Baxter (F. W.) on the Bezant, 170
Elizabeth (Queen), her statue in the Royal
Exchange, 230
Own : blithering, 213
Seekers, religious sect, 255
Baxter (WTynne E.) on Coroner of the Verge, 96
Milton Bibles, 109
504
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Bayley (A. R.) on Sir John Arundel of Clerken-
well, 415
Book inscriptions, 492
Byrom (Samuel), 195
Canons, Middlesex : Essex as Christian
name, 92
' Church Historians of England,' 374
Dante, Buskin, and a font, 17
Dogs on brasses, 310
Emperor and painter, 296
Gale (Miles), 316
Gentleman: armiger: privilegiatus, 232
Grey (Bishop William) of Lincoln, 317
Haddon (Walter), 171
May Day : May-games : May-poles, 371
Mediaeval " Oberammergaus," 395
< Montfort (Simon de) : translation of French
v poem, 297
Murder on Gad's Hill in 1661, 271
Pyrrhus's toe, 131
* Ralph Roister Doister,' 413
Romney (Sir W..), Lord Mayor, 238
Royal Exchange paving-blocks, 473
Scarborough Spa, 234
Scottish titles conferred by Cromwell, 193
Unicorn in royal arms, 274
Walker (Bishop) of Derby, 277
Wall churches, 435
Bayne (T.) on American words and phrases,
196
Anon, use of the word, 266
Authors of quotations wanted, 313
Brechin, 106
Bright (John), quotations by, 15
Burns and ' The Wee WTee German Lairdie,'
286, 430
Corn and dishonesty : an honest miller, 12
Cowper's ' Charity' : " Porcelain," 456
Cuckoo and its call, 486
Elze = already, 25, 111
" I fegs," 206
" Love me, love my dog," 52
Pastrana (Miss), 94
Quiroga (Father) and the Thirty Years' War,
452
Smallpox and the stars, 211
" To the West ! To the West ! " 236
Vail : its use by Scott, 86, 175
Wait and see, 434
Wet hay, 53
Bazely (L.) on James Shipdem, 1688, 407
Beauchamp, Freeman, and Lawrence families,
169, 238, 415
Beaufort (Margaret), and motto " Souvent me
souvient," 361, 413
Beaven (A. B.) on Chelsea Hospital, its governors,
278
Clerks of the Parliament, 313 '
Evatt (William), Clerk of the House of
Common, 437
High Stewards at the Restoration : Roger
Gollop, M.P., 138
Jamineau (Isaac), 73
Mundy (Sir John), 126
Municipal records printed, 494
Romney (Sir W.)> 294
Scottish titles conferred by Cromwell, 417
Wilcox (Alderman), 27
Beazant (H.) on battle of Barnet, 414
Greek Church, Soho, 466
Beckab, 14th-century word, its meaning, 233
Bedford (John, 4th Duke of), Junius on his horse-
whipping, 227, 292, 375, 410, 455, 495
Bedford Library, works belonging to, in 1817,
446
Bedfordshire epitaphs, collection of, 207
Bee-swarms, old methods of taking, 406, 478
Beeching (G. S.) on Philological School, 247
Beefsteak Club of 1710, 117
Belfast, registers c. 1677, 70, 114 ; glass and
porcelain manufactured at, 408, 472
' Belgravia,' a poem, the author, 329, 377, 439
Bell inscription at Falmouth, 248, 298
Bell-turret, church with wooden, 10, 95, 156
Bells and bell-founders c. 1560, 6
Bells of Quebec Cathedral, 1760, 389
Benjamin (Walter R.), of New York, and Haw-
thorne's letters, 189, 393
Bennett (Richard), c. 1850, his ancestors, 228
Bennett (W. A.), c. 1850, his biography, 129
Bense (J. F.) on " Had I Wist," 172
Thread-papers, 90
Bensly (Prof. E.) on adders' fat as cure for deaf-
ness, 171
Aristotle on education, 258, 433
Authors of quotations wanted, 136, 177r
355, 372
Burton's ' Anatomy of Melancholy,' 383
" Caeqehouias," 58
Carlyle and Charles I., 371
Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick, 356
Cplani and the Reformation, 33
Fires, historic, in ancient Rome, 410
Fishing in classical times, 350, 393
Graduation, early : Gilbert Burnet, John
Balfour, 32, 75
Haddon (Walter), 171
Henningsen (Charles Frederick) and Kossuth,
55
High Stewards and Recorders at the Restora-
tion, 17
Horses taken to church, 318
Lamb, Burton, and Francis Spiera, 61,
212
Latin hexameters by machinery : John,
Peter, 249
" Let us go hence, my songs," 155
Litany, spitting during, 396
" Love me, love my dog," 173
Macaulay and Silius Italicus, 444
Mello (Dom Francisco Manuel de), 178
More (Hannah), portraits, 392
" Musice mentis medicina msestaa," 46
" Passenger " in the ' N.E.D.,' 85
" Put a beggar on horseback," 414
Pyrrhus's toe, 131, 238
Quotations in Jeremy Taylor, 122
Rhubarb : its derivation, 476
Rolle's ' Prick of Conscience,' 458
" Securitas est tutissimum bonum," 465
Sheridan (R. B.) and Bishop Hall, 104
Skolpyne, 335
Smallpox and the stars, 211, 335
Benson (Rev. J.)» his sermon on Mrs. Booth,
actress, 146
Bereford, Crevequer of, its locality, 149, 212
Berkshire churchwardens' accounts c. 1800, 164
Berry (H. F.) on municipal records printed, 495
Bethlem Royal Hospital, Moorfields, its history,
167, 254
Bezant, 1761, the term explained, 107, 170
Bible : order for, temp. James I., 284 ; Voltaire
on, 450
Bible, Authorized Version, 1611 : notes on, 101 ;
Tercentenary celebrations, 281 ; date of
translation, 327, 394
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
505
Bibles : belonging to Milton, 1, 70, 109, 433 ;
Lea Wilson's collection, 88, 177 ; with curious
readings, 284, 433
Bibliography: —
Africa (South), 5
Artephius, ' De Characteribus Planetarum,'
35
Bedford Library, 446
Bible, 1, 70, 109, 281, 284, 327, 394, 433
Blackstone's ' Commentaries,' first edition, 98
Boys' magazines, 389
Chalmers (William), 181, 298
Chartuary, printed 1534, 66
Chaucer, 82
Cook (Capt.), his death, 87, 132, 174
Cookery MS., 14th century, 328
Coronation, 345, 453, 471
Delafield (Rev. Thomas), 347, 412
Folk-lore, 7, 175
Gloucestershire booksellers, 348
Huber (Marie), 337
Hungarian, 89, 131
Inverted book in Bodleian Library, 89, 176
Junius, 386
Landor (W. Savage), 364
Mathematical, 246, 252, 293
Milton Bibles, 1, 70, 109, 433
Musical Dictionaries, 342
Shakespeare, Tallis & Co.'s edition, 367, 412
Surgical works c. 1623, 306
Swan marks, 306
Tale, printed 1534, 66
Taylor (Jeremy), 122
Welsh, 263
Bicentenary of Anglo-American mail service, 5
Bierle family of Gamnecourt, Picardy, 50, 112,
152
4 Big Ben,' weekly publication, and Phil May,
187,237,276
Bird and Tallis, their licence to print songs, &c.,
1574, 487
Birthdays and the change of calendar, 387, 474
Bishops' transcripts of London parish registers
c. 1664, 303, 475
Bishopsgate Street Without, its history, 2, 142,
403, 476
Bismarck (Prince), Miss Russel, and Miss Loraine,
1836, 47
Black (A. & C.) on " vail " in Scott, 131
Black Hole of Calcutta, Henry Lushington and
other survivors, 74, 111, 192, 265, 272, 432
Black Prince, his language, 7, 116, 158
Blackfriars, liberty of the Great Wardrobe at,
465
Blacklaw, in Scotland, its locality, 135
Blackstone's Commentaries, first edition, 98
Blackwell (B. H.) on Sir Peter Wyche, 470
Bladud on "capping" at Scottish Universities,
436
County coats of arms : arms of co. Somerset,
30
Gentleman : armiger : privilegiatus, 167
Blair (Sir D. O. Hunter) on Ananias as a Christian
name, 453
Christian names used by men and women, 456
Clergymen and crests, 391
Quiroga (Father) and the Thirty Years' War,
452, 499
Unicorn in royal arms, 274
Bleackley (Horace) on Alfieri in England, 76
Ambassadors, foreign, in London, 429
Bagehot on the Crown, 357
Bleackley (Horace) on Casanova in England, 242
Cobbett at Kensington and Barn Elms Farm,
314
Cotes (Humphrey) and Savage Barrel!, 308
' Discord,' a satire, 248
Droz (Jaquet), his Spectacle Mecanique, 125
Gent (Thomas), printer, 449
Junius : annotated file of ' The Public
Advertiser,' 305 ; new edition wanted, 386
Junius and Bifrons, 408
Junius and the Duke of Bedford, 227, 292
Junius's letters to George Grenville and Lord
Chatham, 347
Napoleon and Mile. Elizabeth Poulyne, 148
" No great shakes," 129
Ordinaries of Newgate, 86, 173
Reynolds (Sir Joshua), his pocket-books, 267
Blithering, blithering baboon, meaning of the
word, 148, 213
Blue Rod, Usher of the, 425
Boase (F.) on Rev. J. Samwell: Rev. J. Peacock,
75
Thackeray (Thomas James), 215
Boatman, murderous London, 1586, 446
Bodleian Library, inverted book in, 89, 176
Bodley (Sir Thomas), M.P., his election c. 1584,
85
Bog, walking through, old custom at Alnwick, 47
Bohemian musical folk-lore, 37
Bole=bulla, a seal, origin and use of the term,
326, 411, 477
Boleyn or Bulleyn (Anne), spelling of her name,
8, 134, 375
Bolland (W. C.) on Coroner of the Verge, 96
Great Snow in 1614, 13
" Bolton ffaire groates," meaning of the phrase,
94
Bonaparte (Napoleon), and the Little Red Man,
54 ; and Mile. Elizabeth Poulyne, 1809, 148 ;
coloured print published 1797, 197
Bonar & Co., London firm established 150 years,
369, 457, 497
Bonar (Horatius) on Bonar & Co., 369
Bonar (Rev. J.), 1646 : Moretti family, 68
Bonar (Rev. J.), 1646, his biography, 68
Book of Common Prayer, Shakespeare use of,
301,391, 439
Bookbindings, English, 12th, 13th, and 14th
century, 208
Books recently published : —
About Edwin Drood, 239
JEschylus's Agamemnon, trans, by W.
Headlam, 339
Anderton's (B.) Fragrance among Old
Volumes, 198
Baptist Historical Society, Transactions,
Vol. II., No. 3, 479
Besant's (Sir W.) London : the City, 378
Bodley's (J. E. C.) The Coronation of Ed-
ward the Seventh, 439
Bond's (F.) Wood Carvings in English
Churches, 319
Book of Cambridge Verse, ed. by E. E.
Kellett, 359
Book of Light Verse, ed. by R. M. Leonard,
198
Bronte (Emily), Complete Poems, ed. by
Clement Shorter, 219
Brown's (Dr. J.) History of the English
Bible, 319
Burke's (Sir B. and A. P.) Peerag«- and
Baronetage, 179
506
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Books recently published: —
Cambridge, Grace Book A, 1542-89, ed-
by J. Venn, 439
Cambridge History of English Literature,
ed. by A. W. Ward and A. B. Waller :
Drama to 1642, 158
Courtney's (W. P.) Dodsley's Collection of
Poetry, 239
Dumfries and Galloway Notes and Queries,
Part I., Series I., 198
Eckenstein's (L.) Comparative Studies in
Nursery Rhymes, 419
Firth's (C. H.) The House of Lords during
the Civil War, 278
Foley's (E.) Book of Decorative Furniture, 239
Galpin's (F. W.) Old English Instruments
of Music, 339
Hanauer's (Rev. J. E.) Walks about Jeru-
salem, 59
Hexaplar Psalter, ed. by W. Aldis Wright, 499
Lang's (A.) The World of Homer, 299
Lawrence's (R. M.) Primitive Psycho-
Therapy and Quackery, 180
Leland's Itinerary in England, ed. by L.
Toulmin Smith, 18
More's Utopia, ed. by G. Sampson, 79
Mumby's (F. A.) The Romance of Book-
selling, 38
NeviU's (R.) London Clubs, 399
NeWcastle-upon-Tyne (First Duke and
» Duchess of), 259
New English Dictionary : Sauce-alone —
Scouring, ed. by H. Bradley ; T — Tealt,
ed. by Sir J. A. H. Murray, 98
Quaker Post-bag : Letters to Sir John
Rodes and John Gratton, ed. by Mrs.
G. Locker- Lampson, 118
Scott's (Sir W.) Fortunes of Nigel, ed. by
S. V. Makower, 458
Skeat's (Rev. W. W.) Concise Etymological
Dictionary, 419
Swift (Jonathan), Correspondence, ed. by
F. E. Ball, 419
Suffolk Hundred in the Year 1283, ed. by
E. Powell, 79
Tirard's (H. M.) The Book of the Dead, 299
Upper Norwood Athenaeum, Record of the
Winter Meetings and Summer Excursions,
1910, 399
Verrall's (A. W.) The Bacchants of Euripides,
and other Essays, 138
Visitation of Ireland, ed. by F. A. Crisp,
Vol. V., 359
Booksellers' Catalogues, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120,
139, 160, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300,
320, 340, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460,
479, 499
Booksellers of Gloucestershire before 1680, 348
Boole-lead, origin and use of the term, 326, 411,
477
Booth (Mrs.), actress, Rev. J. Benson's sermon on,
146
Boothby family quarterings, 269, 416, 492
Bostock (R. C.) on Milton Bibles, 71
Murder on Gad's Hill, 1661, 271
Boswell (J.), his cousin Miss Dallas, 189, 292,
338
Boulger (D. C.) on Lieut. -General Richard
Hamilton, 189
Bowker (C.) on Percival Banks, 267
Bowles, his ' Hundred of Penwith,' 1805, 47
Bowling-green, Putney, 1742, its locality, 369, 433
" Bow-wow " or onomatopoeic style in literature,.
42
Box, Sheraton, curiously made, its use, 308, 398
Boxall (John), d. c. 1570, his ' Life,' 162
Boys (Ethel R. S.) on ' A Voice from the Bush,' 214
Box, curious, 398
Boys' magazines in the fifties and sixties, 389
Boz and Dombey as French place-names, 244
Bradbrook (W.) on ear-piercing, 294
Indexes Locorum to parish registers, 256
Longevity : Rev. H. M. Sherwood, 238
" Probability is the very guide of life," 275
" Royal Blue " omnibuses, 258
Bradley (H.) on " Secular trees," 207
" Sedulous ape," 207
Sefton, a carriage, 447
Segundo, its meaning, 347
Brandon (Charles), Duke of Suffolk, and Thomas-
Lea, 268
Bransby (Mansel), Westminster scholar, 269
Brasses, dogs and animals on, 208, 310, 376, 451
Brassington (W. S.) on Lacy as a place-name, 13fc
Thane (John), print-seller, 227
Bread, farmhouse, Bishop Fastida on, 305
Brechin, Forfarshire, and Brecknock, Wales, 106
Breedon-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire, epitaphs at^
485
Breslar (M. L. R.) on " All comes out even at the-
end of the day," 74
Authors of quotations wanted, 409
" Barnburner " : " Hunker," 229
Benjamin (Walter R.) of New York, 189
Bishopsgate Street Without, 476
" F^nelons " or " tab slippers," 146
Hackney and Tom Hood, 29
Knots in handkerchiefs : Indian custom, 192;'
Latin hexameters by machinery, 168
Litany : spitting and stamp bag the feet, 396.
" Love me, love my dog," 51
Bressey (William), Westminster scholar, 269
Brett (Arthur), Westminster scholar, 269
Bridges for pack-horses, in existence 1911, 486
Bridgman (Charles), gardener, his portrait, 188
Briefs, church, transmission of moneys collected,.
348, 473
Brisbane (Sir T. Makdougall), his descent fromi
Robert the Bruce, 407, 491
Brisbane family hi Ireland, 487
Bristol, wall churches at, c. 1153, 287, 377, 434
' British Critic,' article by Mark Pattison in,.
227, 277, 377, 417, 458
British Isles, statues and memorials in, 22, 222, 4211
British Museum, Milton Bible in, 1, 70, 109, 433
Broadley (A. M.) on St. Helena portraitist :
Denzil Ibbetson, 327
Whig Club, 428
Broadsword contests, c. 1712, at Hockley-in-the:
Hole, 446
Brockwell (Maurice W.) on Arnolfini family, 147
Bromby (E. H.) on ' Churches of Yorkshire,' 366;
Brown sex = female sex, the term, 36
Browne (Sir T.), his allusion to Pyrrhus's toe, 89;.
131, 174
Browning (Elizabeth B.), coloured crayon portrait,
367
Bruce (Michael), Logan, and * Ode to the Cuckoo,'
104
Buckrose, in place-names, 464
Buddha in Christian art, 357
Bulfin, Bulfinch, Bullyvant, surnames, 1080-
1488, 444
Bull=a seal, origin and use of the term, 326, 411-
477
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
I N D E X.
507
Bull (Sir William) on bell inscription at Palmouth,
248
Vernon (Admiral) and Oakendean, Cowfold,
348
Bullen (B. Freeman) on Anne Boleyn or Bullen,
375
Bulley family, 8, 134, 375
Bulloch (J. M.) on Rev. Anthony Gordon :
Francis Hastings Gordon, 308
Gordon (Rev. James) at siege of Derry, 369
Gordon (Prebendary Patrick), 448
Green Park Lodge, 163
Murray (John), I., as author: Col. R.
Gordon, 247
Victoria (Queen), her maternal great-grand-
mother, 387
Bullyvant, Bulfin, Bulfinch, surnames, 1080-
1488, 444
Bunyan (John), 'Pilgrim's Progress Imitated,' 9,
58
Burch (R. M.) on early English bookbindings, 208
Le Blon (J. C.), 187
Burghclere (Lord) on Scottish titles conferred by
Cromwell, 416
Burgling, use of the word in 1880, 286
Burgoyne (Frank J.) on Shakespeare and Earl of
Rutland, 357
" That man is thought a dangerous knave,"
452
Burial entries of strangers, 84
Burial inscriptions of London burial-grounds,
488
Burnet (Bishop Gilbert), early graduation, 32,
75, 328
Burns (Robert), and ' The Wee Wee German
Lairdie,' poem, 286, 354, 430
Burton (Robert), Charles Lamb, and Francis
Spiera, 61, 152, 212, 374 ; Shakespeare allu-
sions in, 366 ; quotations in ' Anatomy of
Melancholy,' 383
Burton (Rev. Thomas), Oxford, 1724, his bio-
graphy, 288
Byles (C. E.) on Matthew Arnold on modern
hurry, 488
Byrom (Samuel), author of pamphlet on debts,
1729, 168, 195
C and t interchanged in words and place-names,
229, 351, 398
C. (A.) oh Great Snow in 1614, 14
C. (E. H.) on ear-piercing, 149
C. (G.) on authors of quotations wanted, 147
C. (G. E.) on Essex as a Christian name, 214, 377
Lawrence Street, St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, 437
Romney (Sir W.), 314
Scottish titles conferred by Cromwell, 417
Sweetapple surname : Benjamin Hodgkin, 293
C — s (H.) on Simon de Montfort, 229
C. (H. T.) on Gladstone on the upas tree, 367
C. (Leo) on Bully vant : Bulfin : Bulfinch, 444
•G. (N. U.) on authors of quotations wanted, 48
C. (S. D.) onCobbett at Kensington, 314
Scarborough Spa, 157
Ship lost at sea i'n the fifties, 118
C. (T.) on alien priories, 255
C. (V. H.) on ' Britons, Strike Home ! ' 367
C. (W. A.) on rags left at wells, 471
C. (W. H.) on epigram in Schopenhauer, 128
CJackling clouts, meaning of the phrase, 168,
213, 358
<3adie = caddie, early use of the word, 1751, 206
Caeqehouias, derivation and meaning of the
word, 9, 58
Cagnoni (Domenico), engraver, d, at Milan 1796,
125
Calcutta, .clack Hole of, Henry Lushington and
other survivors, 74, 111, 192, 265, 272, 432
Calder (A.) on a cousin of Boswell, 189
Calendar reform, fixing the date of Easter Day,
&c., 206 ; effect on birthdays, 387, 474
Callaway (John), c. 1787, and Canterbury muslin,
309
Calvert (E. S.) on authors of quotations wanted,
228
Cambridge, honorary degrees at, 167 ; ' Hamlet '
acted at, in 1585, 267, 311, 398, 416, 474
Cambridge University costume plates, 1815, 268
Camerarius of parish church, 1180, the office,
349
Campbell (Col. Archibald), called " Mad Archy
Campbell," 427, 491
Cane, physician's, safeguard against contagion,
168, 194, 437
Canons, Middlesex, 18th-century house, 92, 173,
214, 295, 338, 377
Canova (Antonio), busts of Mars and Minerva, 94
Canterbury, pallium at, 488
Capell (Avice) = John Warner, c. 1612, 228, 276,
314
Capping at Scottish Universities, origin of the
ceremony, 386, 436, 478
Carent, old Scottish word, its meaning, 9, 97
Carnall (Robert), author, c. 1822, his biography,
308
Caroline (Queen), her funeral and Col. Oakes,
69, 173
Carlyle (Dr. Alexander), of Inveresk, his pedigree,
244
Carlyle (Thomas), Sir C. Hanbury Williams, and
Sir Woodbine Parish, 163 ; his aphorism on
Charles I., 328, 371 ; and " Schicksal und
eigene Schuld," 407 ; on Oliver Cromwell's
head, 445
Carpet-bagger, etymology of the word, 45
Carpillions, meaning of the word, 168, 213, 358
Cartouche, clergyman's arms on, 329, 391
Cartularies, of Chertsey Monastery, 70, 115 ;
of alien priories in England, 167, 255
4 Casabianca,' its first publication, 67, 233
Casado (El) on " Mad Archy Campbell," 491
Casaide (Seamus ua) on Benjamin D'Israeli of
Dublin, 134
Casanova in England, 1764, 242
Cathedral, Chartres, " painted and gilded," 448,
497
Cave = Heath, c. 1760, Heath ancestry, 489
Cellarette, meaning of the word, 149, 194, 272,
318
Chair, Speaker's, of old House of Commons, 50, 93
Chalmers (Sir Charles), Bt., d. 1760, extinct
baronetcy, 89, 158
Chalmers (William), of Fintray and Fastemburg,
181,298
Chamber, subterranean, in Staffordshire, c. 1660, 89
Chambers (L. H.) on Montagu G. Drake, 234
Epitaphiana, 485
Gordons at Westminster School, 33
Grey (Bp. William) of Lincoln, 228
Ken (Bishop), 248, 431
Meare (William), bellfounder 1626, 217
Wesley (Charles), 388
Wesley (Samuel), 388
Chambers (R. E. E.) on Sir John Chandos, 25
Chamney or Cholmondeley family, 3, 295, 418
508
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Champion, the King's, at Coronations, 461
Chandos (Sir John), his parentage, 25, 115
Channel Islands, Coutances, and Winchester, 126
Chapel, French, Little George Street, founded
1799, 245
Chapels, proprietary, in London, 149, 193, 258,
466
Chaplains to the East India Company, 410
Chaplin (Edward), Westminster scholar 1786, 44
Chaplin (Holroyd) on Edward Chaplin, 44
Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick, 1786, 307, 356
Chard, arms in the Abbot's room, 249
Charles I., his vow and that of Louis XVI., 185,
355 ; aphorism by Carlyle on, 328, 371 ;
miniature of, 429
Charles, Prince of Bourbon-Capua, his biography,
329, 393
Charter of Staffordshire, c. 1180, witnesses of, 349
Chartres Cathedral " painted and gilded," 448, 497
Chartuary, printed 1534, collection of charters,
&c., 66"
Chartularies. See Cartularies.
Chateaubriand (Francois) and Madame Lieven,
1822, 104
Chatham (Lord), Junius's letters to, 347
Chaucer (G.), his ' Canterbury Tales,' 1775,28;
and Puttenham's ' Arte of English Poesie,' and
Tottel's ' Miscellany,' 82
Chelsea, Royal Hospital, portraits of the
Governors, 127, 235, 278
Chertsey Monastery, cartularies of, 70, 115
Cherubims, young owls so called, 15, 118
Chimes, Westminster, Anglo-Saxon hymn tune, 35
Chippindall (W. H.) on Chamney or Cholmondeley
family, 295
Chivalry, twenty-four acts of, and John Pye,
1600-7, 129
Cholmondeley (Mary Henrietta), killed 1806,
picture of, 267
Cholmondeley or Chamney family, 3, 295, 418
Chop 111 = a measure, derivation of the word, 56
Chorley (Josiah), 1672, his MS. journal, 287
Christian names : Ananias, 266, 333, 395, 453,
497 ; Essex, 92, 173, 214, 295, 338, 377, 387
Christian names used by both men and women,
387, 456, 497
Christmas bough, old custom, 14, 74
Christmas bush, old custom, 14, 74
Christmas mummers as mammals or birds, 14
Christmases, royal, at Gloucester, 72
Church, with wooden bell-turret, 10, 95, 156 ;
horses taken to, to prevent illness, 266, 318 ;
built during Commonwealth, 449
Church briefs, moneys collected on, how trans-
mitted, 1650^1700, 348, 473
Church dedications, changed at Reformation, 148
' Church Historians of England,' published by
Seeley, 1853, 308, 373
Church inscriptions, 57, 97, 175
Church of England, book on, c. 1750, 349, 397
Churches, City, destroyed or demolished, 282
Churches, Essex, stained and painted glass in, 41
' Churches of Yorkshire,' 1844, its writers, 366,
418, 473
Churches on walls of medieval towns, 287, 377, 434
Churchwarden, Edward VII. when heir-apparent
as, 145, 334
Churchwardens' accounts, Berkshire, c. 1800, 164
Churchyard inscriptions, their preservation, 57,
97, 175
Churchyards, yews in, French superstition, 166,
291, 337
Gibber (Colley ), his ' Apology,' receipt for, 266
Cinematograph, its evolution, 56, 155, 194
City churches destroyed or demolished, 282
City lands, mentioned in document of 1723, 269
Claret, " riddle " of, defined, 76
Claret, " terse," origin of the term, 7, 116
Clark (R. B.) on Atrebatum, 189
Clarke (Cecil) on Christian names used by men
and women, 456
Club Et ranger at Hanover Square, 96
Keats, Hampstead, and Sir C. W. Dilke, 145
London remains, 397
Elizabeth (Queen), her statue in Royal
Exchange, 187
Royal Exchange, improvements needed, 385
Thackeray's nose, 251
Uttoxeter's first book, 454
Clarke (Major R. S.) on Jacobus Clerk, 69
Classical times, fresh-water fishing in, 249, 350r
393, 453
Clayton (Herbert B.) on Dickens : " Shallabalah,'r
231
Telegraphy, earliest, 191
Cleaver (Archbishop Euseby), his marriage, 53, 114
Clements (H. J. B.) on terrace, 251
Clergymen, their use of crests, 329, 391 ; de-
scribed as " Esq." in 17th century, 409, 454
Clericus on St. Mark's, North Audley Street, 235
Clerk (Jacobus), c. 1650, 69
Clerk of the Papers, office of, 1578, 368, 414
Clerks of the Parliament, office of, 228, 312
Clouston (W. A.), Oriental scholar, references to,
328
Club, Beefsteak, c. 1710, 117
Club Etranger at Hanover Square, c . 1787, 96
Clubs for killing old people, kept in parish church,
291, 337
Coach, mail, date of the last, 186, 237, 278
Cobbett (William) at Kensington and Barn Elms
Farm, 267, 313
Cock (E. G.) on Belfast registers, 70
Ormonde (Marquis of), his guard, 70
Radcliffe (Rev. Stephen), D.D., 147
Smith (Jeremy), 1666, 70
Cock o' wax, meaning of the epithet, 56
Cockling (Matthew), hanged near Derby, c. 1760,
187, 316, 378
Colani (T.) and the Reformation, 1824-88, 32
Cole (Henrietta) on Trout or Trowte family, 334
Cole (W. V.) on authors of quotations wanted, 128
Collar of SS and the motto "Souvent me sou-
vient," 361, 413, 453 <
Colleges of commerce in ' Daily Journal,' 1726, 369
Collett (H.) on Sampson family of Yorkshire, 349
Collins (Essex), Westminster scholar 1715, 389
Collins (W.) on Nunnington Church [dedication,
148
Cologne, Kings of, and Elizabeth Woodyille, 18
Com. Line, on battle at Riby, Lincolnshire, 48 <
Deadly nightshade and pigs, 427
1 Coming Nation,' English p eriodical, its publisher,
Commerce, Colleges of, in ' Daily Journal,' 1726,
369
Commonwealth, church in Wilts, built 1648, 449^
Complexion, rice eaten raw for benefit of, 189,
258
Comyn (Chevalier) of Ireland, c. 1820, his bio-
graphy, 448
Congreve (Galfrid K.) on wet hay, 114
Connell (G.) on Shakespeare: Tallis & Co. s
edition, 367
Conscience-stricken : advertiser's tardy apologies,
106
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
509
Conspirators of 1562, notes on, 67
Conyngham (Elizabeth, Lady), her peculations,
37, 71, 110
Cook (Capt. James), performers in ' Death of
Capt. Cook,' 87, 132, 174 ; memorials to, 165,
232, 295, 373
Cookery MS., 14th century, its whereabouts,
328
Cookson on marriage of divorced persons temp.
Elizabeth, 226
Coope (F. E.) on Litany : stamping the feet, 217
Owls called cherub ims, 15
Copes, sale of, c. 1584, meaning of the word, 349,
412, 475
Corballis (Capt. J.) onCorballis family, 408
Corballis family of Ireland, 408
Corbalsailye=a parapet or projection, the term,
134
Corbel-steps : corbie-steps, the term, 134
Corbyn, bottle used by druggists, 56
Corn and dishonesty, proverbial references to,
12, 57, 95
Coronation : the King's Champion, 461
Coronation bibliography, 345, 453, 471
Coroner of the Verge, obsolete royal office, 30,
96, 236
Corpse bleeding in presence of murderer and.of
loved friends, 35, 92, 398 '
Corsets and tight lacing, 248
Coryat (Thomas), and Westminster School, 29,
72, 254
Cosington (John of), c. 1300, his biography, 67,
133
Coston (John), epitaph in St. Botolph's, Alders-
gate, 53
Costume plates, Cambridge University, 1815,
268
Cotes (Humphrey) and Savage Barrell, 308
Cotter (Rogerson), M.P. for Charleville, 53, 114
Cotton (Charles) and Izaak Walton on medal,
1824, 329, 397
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, the dignity,
54, 94, 194
County coats of arms, 30, 77
Court life, account of officers' duties, 107, 156, 193
Courtney (W. P.) on Benjamin Bathurst, 90
Carlyle and Charles I., 371
Duroure family, 450
Essex as a Christian name, 378
Hedgeland (Prebendary Philip), 365
Marine insurance, 157
Pitt and Wilkes on disfranchisement, 77
Trecothick (Barlow), 330
Coutances, Winchester, and the Channel Islands,
126
Cowan (W.) on Lea Wilson's collection of Bibles,
88
Cowfold, Sussex, discovery at Oakendean, 348
Cowper (John), Vicar of Penrith, 1750-88, his
biography, 227
Cowper (William), his " God moves in a mys-
terious way," 10, 58, 153 ; use of the word
" porcelain " in his ' Charity,' 409, 456, 498
Cows and goats, folk-lore, 78
Cox (W. A.) on Collar of SS, 361, 453
Craib (T.) on Church of England c. 1750, 397
Crane (Walter) on Hungarian bibliography, 131
Crawford (C.) on Tottel, Puttenham, and Chaucer,
82
Tottel, Sir Antony St. Leger, and John
Harington the Elder, 201, 322, 423
Cresswell (G. G. Baker) on Grainge family, 308
Stafford (Christopher), 469
Crests, used by clergymen, 329, 391
Crevequer of Bereford, its locality, 149. 212
Cricket patrons, 1840-50, 129
Crisp (G. H. C.) on Cambridge University costume
plates, 268
White lion of the House of March, 316
Cromwell (Oliver), Scottish titles conferred by,
88, 193, 374, 416 ; Carlyle's comments on his
reputed head, 445
Cromwelliana : Cromwell's cousin a poisoner,
341 ; Cromwell's prayer on his death-bed, 342
Crooke (W.) on clubs for killing old people, 337
Gladstone on the upas tree, 414
Rags left at weUs, 471
Royal Society : its rarities, 467
Crookshank (Major R. R. G.) on Thomas Morris-
Jones, 218
Crosby Hall, GreshanT College, and the Royal
Exchange, 241
Crosses, books describing, 317
Crouch (C. Hall) on Miss Sumner : Mrs. Skrine or
Skreene, 17
Crow (W. Roberts) on Chamney or Cholmondeley
family, 295
Crowe families of Norfolk and Suffolk, 30
Irish Book of Remembrance, 70
Crowe families of Norfolk and Suffolk, 30
Crown agents, to represent Colonial Governors,
467
Cruse (D. A.) on Manzoni's' II Cinque Maggio,'
447
Cuckoo, old rimes on, 465 ; calling in its flight,
486
Cummings (C. L.) on Capt. Cook memorials, 295
Cummings (W. H.) on ' Britons, Strike Home ! '
412
Mozart's works, 231
Cunningham (Alexander), R.N., c. 1759. his bio-
graphy, 289, 353
Cup, three-handled, and Henry of Navarre, 33
Curious on Sir Miles Wharton, 309
" Current " or " instant," use of the words, 9
Curry (J. T.) on Ascham and loannes Ravisius
Textor, 441
Authors of quotations wanted, 454
Canova's busts of Mars and Minerva. 94
Haddon (Walter), 171
" Love me love my dog," 113
Curtis (J.), P.S.A., on " Royal Blue " omnibuses,
189
" When she was good," 333
Curwen ( J. Spencer) on Plaistow and its products,
256
Custom House cutters, their officers, 228, 477
Cuthbertson (Kitty), novelist, friend of Macaulay
family, 429, 475
Cutters, Custom House officers of, 228, 477
Cymdeithias Lien Cymru, Welsh printing society,
263
D. (H. L. L.) on Day family of Essex, 233
D. (J.) on authors of quotations wanted, 454
Chartres Cathedral, 497
D. (S.) on Sophie Dawes, 71
D. (T. P.
) on " Aleppo Merchant " Inn, 289
Bishopsgate Street Without, 403
Clergymen and crests, 392
Gillespie (Robert Rollo) at Vellore, 437
Pigtails in the British Army, 466
Unicorn on royal arms, 274
Witham (Capt.) and siege of Gibraltar, 78
510
I N D E X.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Da Costa (George and Thomas), Westminster
scholars 1750-51, 389, 475
D'Agar (James and Peter), Westminster scholars
1715, 389
DaUas (Miss), a cousin of Boswell, 189, 292, 338
Danes'-blood, name applied to different flowers, 16
D'Angle (Guichard), knight, 1377, 73, 133
Dann (Richard), Westminster scholar 1719, 449
Dante, saving a child from drowning, 17 ; Lock-
hart on, 248
Danteiana : ' Inf.,' xvii. 72-3 ; xviii. 42, 462 ;
xviii. 55-7, 463
D'Arblay (Madame) and Benjamin Disraeli, 348
D'Assigny (Pifield), Westminster scholar 1724,
409, 475, 497
David (W. H.) on " Wait and see," 434
Davies (A. Morley) on Oundle, 298
Da vies (E. B.) on Goethe quotation, 390
Davies (Sir John), his ' Nosce Teipsum ' and
Francis Bacon, 124
Davis (T. Arnoll) on portrait in Pitti Gallery, 267
Davy (A. J. ) on songs of the peasantry, 97
Dawes (Sophie), Baronne de Feucheres, d. 1841,
27, 71
Day family of Essex, 233
Day, Halley, and Pyke families, 388
-de- : -ty-, origin of use in local words and place-
names, 108, 178
De Quincey (Thomas) and H. Crabb Robinson, 102
Dead, resurrection of, figures on tombstones, 407
Deafness cured by adders' fat, 69, 117, 171
' Death of Capt. Cook,' play performed 1789,
87, 132, 174
Debat (Daniel), at Cambridge 1749, his biography,
409
Dedications, double, monk's altar and people's
altar, 209, 298
Deedes (Prebendary Cecil) on Sweetapple surname,
66
" Terra Susana," 83
Defoe (Daniel), and the Methodist Chapel, Tooting,
54
Degrees, honorary, at Cambridge, 167
Dehany (Philip), M.P. 1778, his biography, 449
Delafield (John), age of his graduation from
Oxford, 327,417
Delafield (John Ross) on Delafield.: age of
graduation, 327
Delafield (Rev. Thomas), his manuscripts,
347
Delafield (Rev. Thomas), his five MS. volumes,
347, 412
Delaplace (George), Westminster scholar 1739,
449
Deputy Ranger's Lodge, Green Park, 1789, 163
Derry, siege of, and the Rev. James Gordon,
369, 457
Deville, phrenologist, his bust of Rowland Hill,
226
Diaries, English mathematical, 252
Dickens (Charles) : queries from ' Pickwick,' 68 ;
" Shallaballah " in ' Old Curiosity Shop,' 68,
111, 153, 231; Boz and Dombey as French
place-names, 244; " Popylorum tibi " in
* Nicholas Nickleby,' 244, 313, 392, 453 ;
obscure expressions in ' Pickwick,' 267, 313,
332, 392 ; contemporary review of ' Edwin
Drood,' 307, 472 ; suppressions in ' Pick-
wick,' 392, 453
Dickensian on ' Nicholas Nickleby ' : suppressions
in ' Pickwick,' 453
Dickson, Anderson, and Simpson genealogies, 188
Dictionaries, musical, from 1786, 342
' Dictionary of National Biography,' additions
and corrections, 25, 27, 61, 67, 72, 85, 87, 109,
162, 192, 212, 225, 244, 276, 288, 336, 342, 366,.
374, 401, 406, 429, 475, 483
" Die in beauty," origin of the phrase, 7, 74, 112,.
234
Diego on Richard Baddeley, 189
Canons, Middlesex : Essex as Christian name-
173
Latin hexameters by machinerv : John Peter,.
250
Lowthers v. Howards : superstition upset, 18
Dilke (Sir Charles W.), 1843-1911, his biography,.
81, 130 ; collection of Keats relics, 145, 176,.
196
Dish, Sheffield plate, belonging to Queen's Regi-
ment, 70, 138, 239
D'Israel (B.), Dublin notary, and Lord Beacons-
field, 28, 134, 278
Disraeli (Benjamin), his baptism, and S. Rogers,.
268, 314 ; and Madame D'Arblay, 348
Ditchfield (P. H.) on old squires of England, 227
Divorce case, Stair, 1820, 74, 174
Divorced persons, marriage of, temp. Elizabeth,.
226, 478
Dixon (Elizabeth), Quaker, her biography, 109
Dixon (Ronald) on Geffery le Bakester de Loffithe,.
207
Mansel family, 433
Pole (Geoffrey), 112
Smeaton (Lords), 209
Sybil, Queen of Scotland, her parentage, 1 16
Dods (Meg), and ' The Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 209, 257
Dog as the friend of man, 51, 173
Dogs en bra'sses and stone effigies, 208, 310, 376,
451
Dombey and Boz as French place-names, 244
Domesday, B and G confused in, 443
Dominoes, the game, origin of the name, 345
Doran (Alban) on Black Prince's language, 7
Dormer (Ernest W.) on John Bagnall, 268
Douglas (W.) on ' Death of Capt. Cook,' 132
Man in the Iron Mask dramatized, 312
Stage history as she is wrote : Wilson Bar-
rett, 276
Thackeray and the stage, 132
Dowdy, hi ' Tom Jones,' his identity, 289
Draget, 14th-century word, its meaning, 233
Dragon and St. George, 467
Drake (James), M.D. 1667-1707, his marriage,
109
Drake (Montagu Gerrard), Westminster scholar
1725, 29, 72, 132, 234
Drawing the organ, 1585, meaning of the term,
349, 412, 475
Dreams, book on, by Benjamin Franklin, 247, 296,
356
Droz (Jaquet), his Spectacle M6canique, 1776,
125
Drummond (John), Westminster scholar 1735,
429
Drury (C.) on baptismal scarf and the Fitz-
Williams, 215
Drury (Capt. T.), 469
Emperor and painter, 296
Walton and Cotton medal, 397
Drury (Capt. T.), alias Poignard, d. 1563, his
biography, 469
Dryden as a place-name, 68, 137, 178
Duarte (Marie L.) on teapoy : cellarette, 14&
Dubliner on absinthe-drinking, 176
Dufresny, Longfellow on, 26
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
511
Dugdale (W.)» Nottingham monastery unrecorded
in, 53
Dunheved on Bishop Bartholomew Vigors, 289
Dunmurry on Litany : spitting and stamping the
feet, 396
Milton in Ireland, 328
" Stick-in-the-Mud," 257
Duppa (Bp. Brian), his ' Guide to the Penitent,'
88, 272
D'Urfey (Thomas) and Allan Ramsay, 467
Durham (Bishop of) and the curate, 147
Duroure (Col. John), c. 1784, his biography,
389, 450
Dutch words in English, 386
Dutchmen in Pembroke, statement in 1616, 189,
292
D wight (T. F.) on Adelaide, widow of Hermann IV.,
428
' Farewell to the Swallows,' 69
Franklin (Benjamin) and dreams, 296
' Renascence : the Sculptured Tombs of
Rome,' 274
Dymoke family and the Championship, 461
E. on sonnets by Rafael, 208 *
E. (H. G.) on " George Inn " at Woburn, 147
E. (K. P. D.) on authors of quotations wanted,
228
Ear-piercing, reason and origin of the custom,
149, 171, 235, 294
Earthworks, rectangular, and long barrows,
88, 273
East India Company, its chaplains, 410
Easter, and hare folk-lore. 1620, 285 ; rule for
finding date of, 389
Echoes in the United Kingdom, list of, 189, 352
Eden (F. Sydney) on Boothby family quarterings,
492
Stained glass in Essex churches, 41
Edgar (A.) on Alexander Holmes, 70
Edgcumbe (Richard) on Barabbas a publisher, 335
Carlyle and Charles I., 328
Shelley and Leigh Hunt, 21
Editor ' Bradford Antiquary ' on barrows and
earthworks, 88
Editor ' Irish Book Lover ' on authors wanted, 474
Belfast registers, 114
Gillespie (Robert Rollo) at Vellore, 472
Glass manufactured at Belfast, 473
Irish Book of Remembrance, 114
Walker (Bishop) of Derry, 276
Edleston (R. H.), F.S.A., on Rev. Sebastian Pit-
field's ghost, 95
Edmunds (Albert J.) on Buddha in Christian art,
357
" Phillymaclink," 127
Education, Aristotle on, 107, 258, 433
Edwards (F. A.) on Freeman : Beauchamp, 415
Swedish mission to Abyssinia, 288
Terrace, 252
Eggans (S. M.) on Bedfordshire epitaphs, 207
Eiloart (Arnold) on authors of poems wanted,
329
Elephant and castle in heraldry, 36, 237, 298, 377
Elizabeth (Queen), her statue in Royal Exchange,
187, 230, 315 ; names of her horses, 346 ;
her portrait with Italian proverb, 487
Ellacombe (Canon H. N.) on ' Crystals from
Sydenham,' 127
Tennyson's ' Flower in the crannied wall,' 167
Elliott (Mrs. M.) on Elizabeth Dixon, Quaker,
109
Ellis (A. S.), his ' Notes on Ralph Thoresby's
Pedigree,' 188, 258
Ellis (A. S.) on Boothby family quarterings, 416
Ellis (H. D.) on teapoy : cellarette, 194
Elmham (William), English admiral 1379, 87,
192
Ely, St. Zita's Chapel built by Sir W. Langstow,
1456, 229
Elze=already, use of the word, 25, 72, 111
Emeritus on authors of quotations wanted, 348
Prickly pear and Monreale Cathedral, 132
Emperor and painter's brush, story, 209, 296
English, Dutch words in, 386
English bookbindings, 12th, 13th, and 14th
centuries, 208
' English Dialect Dictionary,' additions and
corrections, 67
Englishmen as German authors, 161
Ennomic, meaning of the word, 9, 92
Envelope, musical, c. 1840, 37
Envy, "eldest-born of Hell," earliest use of the
phrase, 468
Epigrams : —
Down, down with Arts, the Gallic Casuist
Cries, 405
Hie locus odit, amat, 66, 131
Leset fleizig die Alten, die wahren eigentlich
Alten, 128, 156
Epitaphs : —
A Loving Wife she was in Life, 485
Ainsworth (Rob.) et uxor ejus admodum
senes, 476
Bland, passionate, and deeply religious, 108,
154, 190, 277
Coston (John), in St. Botolph's, Aldersgate,
53
God works wonders now and then, 13, 57
Gray (Thomas), and mail coaches, 1802,
288
Here lies a man which farmers lov'd, 57
Here lies his Dust, whose Heavenly Mind, 479
Here Lyes their Bodies, both at Rest, 485
I have engraved for many a one, 485
If honor, virtue, truth, or youth could save,
485
Like Birds of prey, 485
Nomine Lavrentivs qvondam Cognomine
Colus, 485
Orta Carolo Rege, 269
Our friend has gone before, 485
Reader you have within this grave, 485
Thus lieth the dead, that whilome lived here,
201
Epitaphs : Bedfordshire, 207 ; Breedon-on-the-
Hill, Leicestershire, 485 ; Lillington, Dorset,
ib. ; Stevenage, ib.
Erick (John), c. 1590, his family [and biography,
409
Esquires, clergymen described as, in 17th century,
409, 454
Essex, used as Christian name, 92, 173, 214, 295,
338, 377, 387
Evatt (Surgeon-General G. J. H.) on William
Evatt, 367, 476
Evatt (William), a clerk of the House of Commons,
367, 437, 476
Ewbank family, 449
Ex. Gen. on Rev. John Cowper of Penrith, 227
Exhibition of 1851, its motto, 10, 74
512
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
F. (A. L.) on alien priories, 255
Carlyle on Cromwell's head, 445
F. (F. T.) on authors of quotations wanted, 409
Clergymen and crests, 329
F. (J. E.) on black bandsmen in the Army, 371
F. (J. K.) on Newenham Abbey, Devon, 70
F. (J. T.) on c and t interchanged, 351, 398
Christmas bough : Christmas bush, 14
Church of England c. 1750, 397
Drawing the organ : copes, 412
O'Looney (Lady), her epitaph, 277
Owls called cherubims, 15
Pheasant penny, 337
" When she was good," 128
F. (O. J.) on sword by Moore of Old Bond Street,
228
F. (S. J. A.) on Cecil Howard, 108
Thackeray (Thomas James), 28
Thackeray (W. M.) and the stage, 91
F. (T.) on " When she was good," 234
Faber (Rev. F. W.)» memorial to, 54
Fairbrother (E. H.) on Quebec Cathedral bells,
389
Faircross, in place-names, 464
Fairfax : Sayre : Maunsell, c. 1531, 88, 176
Falconry, " dare a falcon," meaning of phrase, 468
Falkener (John Bannister), Westminster scholar
1813, 288
Fane (H. A.) on St. George and the lamb, 487
Fanshawe (H. C.) on Avice Capell = John Warner,
276
Preston (Lady Elizabeth), first Duchess
of Ormonde, 29
Farington family of Worden, 385
Fastida (Bishop) and farmhouse bread, 305
February 30th, marriage on, 146
Fenelons= slippers with tabs on the instep, 146
Ferguson family of Inverurie, 489
Ferguson- Tepper family, 489
Fergusson (Robert), his ' Elegy ' on ' Scots
Music,' 349, 496
Feudal Aids, B and G confused in, 443
Fever and spider's web, folk-lore, 96, 174
Fielding (Henry), " Dowdy " in ' Tom Jones,'
289 ; and the civil power, 1751, 486 '
Finglan on authors of quotations wanted, 253
Fingon clan, in ' Waverley,' 487
Firebrace (C. W.) on Robert Rollo Gillespie, 437
Rags left at wells, 470
" Strike of Saunsons," 108
Fires, historic, in ancient Rome, 209, 410
Fisher (W.) on Voltaire on the Bible, 450
Fishing in fresh water in classical times, 249,
350, 393, 453
Fish wick (Col. H. ) on Indexes Locorum to printed
parish registers, 256
Mail coach, last, 186
" Put a beggar on horseback," 269
Fitzgerald (E.) on William Shewen, Quaker, 309
FitzGerald (J. R.) on " Never swap horses,"
&c., 433
Fitzgerald (Percy) on ' Nicholas Nickleby ' :
" Popylorum tibi," 244, 392
Fitz-Gerald (S. J. Adair) on Thackeray and the
stage, 28
Fitzgerald (William), Bishop of Clonfert, 53, 91
Fitzpatrick (Col.), charades by, 1786, 307, 356
Flagon, pewter, 1734, taken from a church, 148
Fletcher (Rev. Thomas), b. 1666, his descendants, !
407 i
Fletcher (W. G. D.) on Boothby family quarter-
ings, 269
Flint (T.) on " Fondness f or " or " Fondness of,"
226
" Schicksal und eigene Schuld," 407
Flood superstitions in Warwickshire, 206
Florence, inscriptions in new Protestant ceme-
tery, 324, 404
Folk-lore :—
Adders' fat a cure for deafness, 69, 117, 171
Babies and kittens, 18
Bee-swarms, 406, 478
Bibliography, 7, 175
Bohemian musical, 37
Corpse bleeding in presence of murderer,
35, 92, 398
Flood, 206
Goats and cows, 78
Hair, 126
Hare at Easter, 1620, 285
Harvest, 226, 277
Horses taken to church, 266, 318
Knots in handkerchiefs, 35, 97, 192
Lowthers v. Howards, 18
Nightshade and pigs, 427, 491
Rice for the complexion, 189, 258
St. Dunstan and Tunbridge Wells, 489
St. Mark's Eve, watching the supper, 305
Spider's web and fever, 96, 174
Walking through a bog, 47
Wet hay, 53, 114
Yews in churchyards, 166, 291
" Fondness for" or " of," quotation from J. R.
Lowell, 226
Foote (Samuel), his jest on the Archbishop of
Canterbury, 125
Forbes-Skellater family, 467
Fores (Messrs.), their musical envelope, c. 1840, 37
Forget-me-not, flowers, so named, 413
Forsyth (James), c. 1857, his biography, 25, 72
Forwardal, use of the word, 186
Fox (E. M.) on Delafield: age of graduation, 417
' Guide for the Penitent,' 88, 272
Moving pictures and cinematographs, 155
Pyrrhus's toe, 89
Francis (John Collins) on Sir C. W. Dilke, 81
Exhibition of 1851 : its motto, 10
Oxford India paper : Oxford Bibles, 221
Pack-horse bridges, 486
Tercentenary of the Authorized Version, 281
Vanishing London : proprietary chapels, 149
Francis family, 348, 412
Franklin, various meanings of the word, 486
Franklin (Benjamin), his book on dreams, 247,
296, 356
Fraser (Galloway) on Putney Bowling- Green, 433
Fraser (G. M.) on ' Young Folks,' 34
Freeman (J. J.) on " Caeqehouias," 9
" Ennomic," 9
Freeman, Beauchamp, and Lawrence families,
169, 238, 415
French ambassadors in London, 1763-93, 309, 358
French Chapel, Little George Street, founded 1799,
245
French quotation by Keats, 128
Fresh-water fishing in classical times, 249, 350,
393, 453
Friedrichsen (G.), on Halfacree, 467
Frost ( W. A. ) on novel with three titles, 465
Rogers (Samuel) and Disraeli's baptism, 314
Fry (E. Alex.) on municipal records printed, 494
Newenham Abbey, Devon, 197
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
513
Furlough = leave of absence, term used 1707, 226
Fynmore (Col. R. J.) on Ananias as a Christian
name, 395
Bethlem Royal Hospital, 254
Black bandsmen in the Army, 337
Bodley (Sir Thomas), M.P., 85
Christian names used by men and women, 456
Commonwealth church in Wilts, 449
Cosmgton (John de), 133
D'Israeli (Benjamin) of Dublin, 134
Drake (Montagu G.), 132
Genealogical and Historical Society of Great
Britain, 266
Hanoverian regiment, 457
Holwell family, 192
Janeway (James), 179
Jenner (Thomas) of Ascot, 209
Jenner of Widhill, Wilts, 188
Phipps or Phip family, 177
Physician's cane, 194
Queen's College, Oxford : Fellow in 1625, 149
Sandgate Castle plans, 309
Shakespeare and the Earl of Rutland, 358
Siddons (Mrs.) at Sandgate, 227
Stanfield (Clarkson), R.A., 454
Sweetapple surname, 213
Trant (Sir Patrick), Bt., 334
Wales (Prince of) as churchwarden, 334
Wall churches, 377
Wykeham (Miss), Baroness Wenman, 71
G, confused with B in Domesday and Feudal
Aids, 443
G. on last mail coach, 237
G. (A.) on ' Lizzie Lindsay,' 488
G. (A. B.) on confession of Louis XVI., 185
G. (E.) on " Bezant," 107
G. (E. N.) on ' Big Ben ' and Phil May, 187
Woodcut : its passing, 229
G. (J. R. F.) on authors of quotations wanted, 147
G. (M.) on magpie's death, 187
G. (S.) on " orgeat," 435
Gad's Hill, murder on, 1661, 208, 270
" Gag," Parliamentary term, its origin, 468
Gainshot, meaning of the word, 168, 213, 358
Gale (Miles) = Margaret Stowes, 1712, their
descendants, 208, 316
Gale family, 297
Gallow's Bank and Matthew Cockling, c. 1760,
187, 316, 378
Games : dominoes, 345
Gamnecourt, Picardy, its situation, 50, 112, 152
Gardevin, meaning of the word, 272, 318
Gardiner (Egerton) on- adders' fat as cure for
deafness, 117
Book inscriptions, 207
Quaker oats, 118
Gardiner (R. F.) on first halfpenny newspaper, 432
" Wait and see," 366
Garlike (Benjamin), British Minister at Copen-
hagen 1805-7, 88, 196
Garrard (Rev. — ), his letters to Strafford, 227, 353
Gascoigne (Mrs.), her poem ' Belgravia,' 329,
377, 439
Gataker, Westminster scholar c. 1796, 132, 193
Gee (F.) on Gee family, 489
Heath = Cave, 489
Gee family, 489
Genealogical and Historical Society, founded
1854, 266
Geneva perfuming the world, saying, 129
Gent (Thomas), printer, his MS/' Life,' 449
Gentleman, meaning of the word in ' Alumni
Oxonienses,' 167, 231
' Gentleman's Magazine,' numbering of volumes,
16
George I., statues of, 152
" George Inn " at Woburn, temp. Elizabeth,
Gerish (W. B.) on Ananias as a Christian name, 266
Apparition at Pirton, Herts, 466
Babies and kittens, 18
Danes' -blood, a flower, 16
Deadly nightshade and pigs, 491
Epitaphiana, 485
Folk-lore bibliography, 7
Fores's musical envelope, 37
Hare folk-lore and Easter, 285
Harvest superstitions : judgments on im-
piety, 226
Hertfordshire monumental inscriptions, 146
Lamb's ' Rosamund Gray,' 467
Rags left at wells, 471
Shipdem (James), 1688, 478
German poets of English birth, 161
Gibraltar, Capt. Witham and the siege, 1781 »
28, 78 ; inscriptions in the Protestant Cathe-
dral, 224
Gillespie (Robert Rollo), his bravery at Vellore,
348, 397, 437, 472
Ginger (Henry), Westminster scholar 1778, 129
Gladstone (W. E.) on the upas tree, 367, 414
Glanville (W.) on C. F. Henningsen and Kossuth,
275
Glass, stained and painted, in Essex churches, 41
Glass and porcelain manufactured at Belfast,
408, 472
Glenny (Alexander), 1726-82, his biography, 74
Glenny (W. W. ) on Capt. Cook memorials, 296
Glenny (Alexander), 74
Plaistow and its products, 208
" Ware " potatoes, 179
Gloucester, royal Christmases at, 72
Gloucestershire booksellers before 1680, 348
Glynn (T.) on Church of England c. 1750, 349
Goats and cows, folk-lore, 78
Goethe (J. W. von) : "A single moment may be
decisive," 390
Goldsmith (O.), B.A., and Edward Bratt, 1775, 28
Gollop (Roger), M.P. for Southampton 1659,
17, 138, 376
Gondola prow, explanation of the shape, 187
Goodbeter, place-name c. 1671-92, 167, 254
Goodman (Godfrey) and Shakespeare, 246
Goodwin (Mary) = William Ricketts, and Johnson
family, 168
Goord or gourd, building term, its meaning, 67
Gordon (Rev. Anthony), b. 1794, his biography,
308
Gordon (Beatrix)=Robert Arbuthnot, her father,
69, 234, 294
Gordon (Francis Hastings), 1831, his biography,
308
Gordon (Rev. James), 1685-93, and siege of
Derry, 369, 457
Gordon (John), Westminster scholar, 33
Gordon (Rev. Patrick) of Hereford, d. 1730, his
biography, 448
Gordon (Col. Robert) and John Murray I. c. 1772,
247
Gordon (William), Westminster scholar, 33
Gordon, Anderson, and Simpson genealogies, 188
Gouland, in Jonson's ' Pan's Anniversary,' 136
514
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Gould (A. W.) on municipal records printed, 494
Worcester House, Thames Street, 450
Gourd or goord, building term, its meaning, 67
Gove (John), b. 1604, brass-founder, 428
Governors of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, por-
traits of, 127, 235, 278
Gower (B. Vaughan) on Gower family, 472
'Hamlet' in 1585, 311
'Pickwick' difficulties, 313
St. Dunstan and Tunbridge Wells, 489
Gower family of Worcestershire, 472
Gracechurch Street, formerly called Gratious or
Gracines, 149, 175, 212, 398
Gracines or Gratious Street = Gracechurch Street,
149, 175, 212, 398
Graduation, early instances, 32, 75, 327, 334, 417
Graham (John) on songs of the peasantry, 47
Grainge family c. 1705, 308
Grandison (Charlotte) and Anna Howe, their
similarity, 164
Grange, Kilburn, its demolition, 306
Grange, Shropshire, and Windsor family, 268
Grange Court, St. Clement Danes, solicitors in,
1730-50, 28, 118
Granger (John), bell-founder c. 1560, 6
Grant (Gabriel), Archdeacon of Westminster,
d. 1638, 8
Grant (James) of Bengal, c. 1779, his biography,
229, 355
Grant (J.) on James Ballantyne's Kelso press,
347, 457
Gratious or Gracines Street = Gracechurch Street,
149, 175, 212, 398
Gray (G. J.) on Coronation bibliography, 471
Gray (Thomas), his ' Elegy,' translations and
parodies, 62, 144, 204, 338
Gray (Thomas), 1729-1802, and mail coaches, 288
Greatorex (Roger), paper manufacturer c. 1784-
1795, 7
Greek Church, Soho, and proprietary chapels, 466
Green Park, Deputy Ranger's Lodge, 1789, 163
Greenwood (J. A.) on Gale family, 297
Grenville (George), Junius's letters to, 347
Gresham College, the Royal Exchange, and
Crosby Hall, 241
Grey (William), Bishop of Ely, 1454, his bio-
graphy, 228, 317
Grey (William), Bishop of Lincoln, 1431-6, his
biography, 228, 317
Grimaldi (Agostino), Bishop of Grasse, his dis-
patch to Genoa, 344
Gruselier (Gregory) on parish formation, 88
Guest (Sir Lyonell), Westminster scholar, 53
Guillotine, Parliamentary term, its origin, 468
Guimaraens (A. J. C.) on Harrison the Regicide.
285
Guinness (H. S.) on ' Death of Capt. Cook,' 132,
Gunsmiths, London, their work, book on, 49,
210, 318
H
H. on Lady Conyngham, 71
Junius and horsewhipping of the Duke of
Bedford, 410
H. (C.) on Col. John Hewson the Regicide, 408
H. (C. P.) on " Never swap horses," &c., 269
H. (C. L.) on authors of quotations wanted, 48
H. (F.) on arrest of Louis XVI., 203
' Church Historians of England,' 308
H. (H. K.) on Keats, Hampstead, and Sir C. W.
Dilke, 196
H. ( J. C. ) on Miles Gale, 208
H. (M. F.) on James Grant of Bengal, 229
H. (M. Y. A.) on ' Hull Advertiser,' 1796 :
extracts, 245
H. (R.) on ' Death of Capt. Cook,' 87
Jordan not a type of baptism, 256
H. (S. H. A.) on corn and dishonesty, 57
H. (W.) on Subsidy Rolls, Lancashire, 1663, 369
H. (W. B.) on authors of quotations wanted, 57
Church with wooden bell- turret, 10
Conscience-stricken: tardy advertisements,
106
Coronation bibliography, 453
D'Assigny (Fifield), 497
Epitaphiana, 485
Gallows Bank : Matthew Cockling, 316
Harrison (Elizabeth), her ' Miscellanies,' 449
' May Fair,' 438
Roeites of Calverton : Wroeites of Australia,
455
Walton and Cotton medal, 329
H. ( W. S. B.) on Clerks of the Parliament, 228
Vestry held on Lady Day, 288, 473
Hackney, Tom Hood at a ball in, 29, 78
" Had I Wist," bogy in Anglo-Saxon fairy-tale,
129, 172
Haddon (Walter), his biography, 128, 171, 357
Hair folk-lore in Mexico, 126
Haldinstein (F. W.) on " mouner," 272
Hale (W. Gifford) on ' Young Folks,' 251
Halfacree, origin of surname, 467
Halfpenny newspaper, the first, 366, 431
Hall (Bishop J.) and R. B. Sheridan, literary
parallel, 104
Halley, Day, and Pyke families, 388
Hamilton (Lieut. -General Richard), his portrait,
189
'Hamlet' acted at Cambridge, 1585, 267, 311,
398, 416, 474
Hammersmith, Andrew Arter's memorial at, 75
Hampshire map with engravings, c. 1800, 89, 236
Hampstead: Keats and Sir C. W. Dilke, 145,
176, 196
Handkerchiefs, knots in, as reminder, 35, 97, 192
Hanover Square, Club Etranger in, 96
Hanoverian regiment with Sebastopol on shakos,
327, 378, 415, 457
Hard-shells, American political nickname, 229,
314, 335
Hare (Thomas), Westminster scholar 1743, 72, 254
Hare folk-lore and Easter, 1620, 285
Harington (John) the elder, and Tottel's ' Mis-
cellany,' 201, 322, 423
Harmatopegos on ' Nicholas Nickleby ' : " Popy-
lorum tibi," 313
Harris (Leverton) on Sir R. Hotham : Mary H.
Cholmondeley, 267
Harris (Mary Dormer) on elephant and castle in
heraldry, 377
Horses and market tolls, 369
Harrison (Elizabeth), her ' Miscellanies,' pub-
lished 1756, 449
Harrison (Thomas), regicide, executed 1660,
285, 332
Hartley Wintney, Hants, Prioress Martyn's
monument, 48
Harvest superstitions : judgments on impiety,
226, 277
Harvey (Gabriel), his letter-book, 261 ; books
containing his marginalia, 409
Hawthornden on departed hero and sun's linger-
ing light, 275
Hawthorne (Nathaniel), his letters, 189, 393
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
515
Hay, wet, for a dog's bed, 53, 114
Hayllar (Jessie H.) on ear-piercing, 235
Indexes Locorum to printed parish registers,
276
Litany : spitting and stamping the feet, 218
Hayman (Rev. Henry), Head Master of Rugby,
portraits of, 228
Haywra, place-name, its locality, 487
Heath=Cave, c. 1760 : Heath ancestry, 489
Heath (James), Royalist historian, his marriage,
288
Heath (Richard), Westminster scholar 1712, 109
Hedgeland (Rev. Philip), 1825-1911, Prebendary
of Exeter, 365
Hemans (Felicia), first publication of ' Casa-
bianca,' 67, 233
Hems (Harry) on ancient crosses, 317
Henchman (Humphrey), his marriage, 288, 336
Henningsen (C. P.) and Louis Kossuth, 55, 275 '
Henry, Prince of Wales, mark on his neck, 87, 334
Henry of Navarre and three-handled cup, 33
Heraldry:—
Bar sinister, use of the phrase, 212
Boothby family, 269, 416, 492
Chard : arms in the Abbot's room, 249
Clerical, 329, 391
Cockatrice or griffin with arrow in its beak,
70, 138, 239
County coats of arms, 30, 77,
Elephant and castle, 36, 237, 298, 377
Fesse dancette between six garbs or, 416, 492
Gules, three battleaxes or, 476
Gyronny of eight sable and or, 30
Jail, 428
Lion, white, of the house of March, 248, 316
Master of the Silk Weavers, his arms, 309
Unicorn on royal arms, 187, 273, 297
York, arms of the Archbishops, 351
Herbert (Governor), c. 1791, his portrait in
National Gallery, 325
Hertford Street, formerly Garrick Street, 209, 358
Hertfordshire monumental inscriptions, 146
Heslop (R. Oliver) on Benjamin Franklin and
dreams, 296
Hewitt (Reginald) on " Let us go hence, my
songs," 177
Hewson (Col. John), regicide, his letter c. 1650, 408
Hexameters, Latin, by machinery, 168, 249
Heylin (Richard), Westminster scholar 1644, 29
Hibbert (Sir John Tomlinson), statesman, por-
traits of, 209
Hibburd (E. W.) on Thomas Jenner of Ascot, 272
Hibgame (F. T.) on pallium at Canterbury, 488
Thackeray's last words, 47
" Old Mogul," Drury Lane, 86
Vanishing London : proprietary chapels, 258
Wales (Prince of) as churchwarden, 145
Higham (C.) on Marie Huber, 337
Rolle's ' Prick of Conscience ' : * The British
Critic,' 417
Hill (N. W.) on Aristotle on education, 258
Black bandsmen in the Army, 432
Boleyn (Anne) or Bullen : Bulley family,
134, 376
Christmases, royal, at Gloucester, 72
Colani and the Reformation, 32
Dogs on brasses and stone effigies, 311
Ennomic, 92
Goulands in Ben Jonson, 136
' Hamlet ' in 1585, 416
Jail in heraldry, 428
" Love me, love my dog," 114
Hill (N. W.) on Milton on plagiarism, 191
' Ralph Roister Bolster,' 496
Shakespeare's epitaph : " page," 304
Shakespeariana, 304
" Terra susanna," 236
' Tit for Tat,' American novel, 76
Unicorn on royal arms, 297
Watson family at Milnhorn and Blacklaw, 135
Hillman (E. Haviland) on Brisbane family in
Ireland, 487
Brisbane (Sir Thomas Makdougall), 407
Greatorex (Roger), paper manufacturer, 7
Prior (Matthew), his birthplace, 47
Hilson (J. Lindsay) on James Ballantyne's
Kelso press, 435
Hippoclides on ' Nicholas Nickleby ' : " Popy-
lorum tibi," 313
Owls called cherub ims, 118
Historical and Genealogical Society, founded 1854,
266
Hitchin-Kemp (F.) on physician's cane, 437
Hobby-horse, earliest use of the word, C; 1300, 465
Hockley-in-the-Hole, broadsword contests at, 446
Hodgkin (Benjamin), c. 1699, his bankruptcy,
213, 293
Hodgkin (John) on boole-lead : bole : bull, 412
Cookery MS., fourteenth century, 328
Orgeat, 435
Pawper or pauper bird, 216, 351
Pensioners in the Long Parliament, 253
Sonnets by Rafael, 297
Sweetapple surname : Benjamin Hodgkin,
293
Hodson (Leonard J.) on corn and dishonesty, 13
Hogan (J. F.) on ' Big Ben ' and Phil May, 276
Cook (Capt.) memorials, 296
Roeites of Calverton : Wroeites of Australia,
455
Hogarth (W.), picture of Bethlem Hospital, Moor-
fields, 167, 254
Holmes (Alexander), 1848, his adventure, 70, 173
Holt (C. R. C.) on " Had I Wist," Anglo-Saxon
bogy, 129
Holwell family, 74, 111, 192, 272, 432
Holworthy (F. M. R.) on Alexander Cunningham,
R.N., 353
Garlike (Benjamin), 196
Oakes (Col.) and Queen Caroline's funeral, 173
St. Helena portraitist: Denzil Ibbetson, 391
Hood (Tom) at a ball in Hackney, 29, 78
Hope (Andrew) on authors of quotations wanted,
274
Hope (R. C., F.S.A.), on St. Patrick : St. George,
467
Horn, ancient, held as service for property, 187
Horses, taken to church to prevent illness, c. 1550,
266, 318 ; names of Queen Elizabeth's, 346 ;
and market tolls in mediaeval times, 369
Hospital, Bethlem Royal, in Moorfields, its his-
tory, 167, 254
Hospital, Royal Chelsea, portraits of the
Governors, 127, 235, 278
Hotham (Sir Richard), d. 1799, his portrait by
Romney, 267
House of Commons, Speaker's Chair of old, 50, 93 ;
earliest use of the title Leader, 108, 176 ;
Speaker Yelverton and the prayer, 467
Howard (Cecil), dramatic critic, d. 1895, 108, 238
Howards v. Lowthers, superstition upset, 18
Howe (Anna) and Charlotte Grandison, their
similarity, 164
Huber (Marie), ' Le Monde fou prefer^ au Monde
sage,' 337
516
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Huck (T. W.) on unicorn on royal arms, 273
Hudson (John), Cheapside publisher c. 1820, 9,
197
Hughes (T. Cann) on Rev. Henry Hayman, D.D.,
228
Hibbert (Sir John Tomlinson), 209
Librarians, eminent, 291
Phear (Sir J. Budd) : Rev. J. J. Raven, 249
\Yint (Peter de), 368
* Hull Advertiser.' 1796, extracts, 245
Hume (Commander), 1815, his biography, 448
Humphreys (A. L. ) on alien priories, 255
Court life, 156
Murder on Gad's Hill in 1661, 270
Hungarian bibliography, 89, 131
Hunker, American political nickname, 229, 314,
335
Hunnin' pin, meaning of the term, 168, 358
Hunt (Leigh) and P. B. Shelley, 21
Hunting, Dr. Johnson on, 52
Husband (T. P.) on authors of quotations wanted,
Echoes, remarkable, 189
Hutcheson (David) on Geneva perfuming the
world, 129
Hutton (C.), his ' Miscellanea Mathematical 253
Hyde (Catherine), author of ' Secret Memoirs,'
&c., her biography, 268, 378 tt
I
" I fegs," meaning of the phrase, 206
Ibbetson (Denzil), officer and portraitist at St.
Helena, 327, 391
Ibbetson (Henry), Westminster scholar 1732, 129
Ibbetson (Samuel), Westminster scholar 1717, 129
Ikona on authors of quotations wanted, 409
" In black and white," use of the phrase in 1598,
206
Indexes Locorum to printed parish registers, 186,
256, 276, 498
India paper, Oxford, history of its discovery, 221
Indian aerial post, 265
Inman and Lawton families, 368
Inquirer on mother's maiden name as children's
surname, 107
Walker (Bishop) of Derry, 227
Inscriptions : in churches and churchyards, 57,
97, 175 ; monumental, in Hertfordshire, 146 ;
in Protestant Cathedral, Gibraltar, 224 ; on bell
at Palmouth, 248, 298 ; in new Protestant
Cemetery, Florence, 324, 404 ; in London
burial-grounds, 488
Instant or current, use of the words, 9
Insudaneye, locality referred to in A.D. 940, 88
Insurance, marine, earliest policies, 107, 157
Ionia on ' Hamlet ' in 1585, 267, 398
Ireland, iron trade in, c. 1760, 3, 295 ; expedition
to, 1571, and Capt. T. Smith, 286 ; Milton's
visit to, 328, 453
Ireland (W. and G.), 1827, and W. H. Ireland, 128
Irish Book of Remembrance, 1800, 70, 114
Iron trade in Ireland and Chamney family, 3, 295
Isola family, 58
J. (A. J.) on school account, 406
J. (C.) on broad arrow : the king's mark, 245
" Caeqehouias," 58
London Bridge : Death of Sir T. Rempston,
243
J. (D.) on Agostino Grimaldi, Bishop of Grasse, 344
Monaco (Prince of), his Memoir, 43
J. (G. H.) on authors of quotations wanted, 409
J. (J. F.) on Forbes of Skellater, 467
J. (W.) on Sir Robert Peel and his speeches, 107
J. (W. C.) on Gamnecourt in Picardy, 51
Jackson ( J. S. Francis) on Francis family, 348
Jacobs (J.) on Litany : spitting and stamping the
feet, 217, 295
Jaggard ( W. ) on adders' fat as a cure for deafness,
117
Dogs on brasses and stone effigies, 310
Elephant and castle in heraldry, 36
Flood superstitions, 206
' Hamlet ' in 1585, 311
Municipal records printed, 495
Raleigh (Sir Walter) and tobacco, 175
Shakespeare : Tallis & Co.'s edition, 412
Jal (Auguste), 1795-1873, his Christian name, 446
Jail in heraldry, origin of the word, 428
James (G. P. R.), his novel with three titles, 465
Jamineau (Isaac), Consul at Naples 1753-79,
his biography, 73
Janeway (James), Westminster scholar 1722,
129, 179
Japan, marriage relationships in, 433
Japanese variants of ' The Blindfolded Man,' 424
Jarrett (Edward), Westminster scholar 1734, 188
Jeffreys (Judge), and the Temple Church organ,
427, 452, 476
Jenkins (J. F.) on authors of quotations wanted,
228
Jenner (John), of Widhill, Wilts, c. 1700, 188, 417
Jenner (Robert), M.P. 1628 and 1640, 188, 417
Jenner (Thomas), of Ascot, 1829, his biography,
209, 272
Jennings (P.) on last mail coach, 278
Jermyn (C.) on Thomas Thane's MSS., 369
Jesson (J.) on Gratious or Gracines Street, 149
Job or Jope family, 448
John of Cosington, c. 1300, his biography, 67, 133
John Rylands Library, exhibition of Bibles, 281
Johnson (Dr.), of Warwick, Westminster scholar
c. 1660, 188, 337
Johnson (Dr. Samuel) on hunting, 52
Johnson family, and WTilliam Ricketts— Mary
Goodwin, 168
Johnston (A. Wintle) on mother's maiden name
as children's surname, 218
" Old Mogul," Drury Lane, 235
Jonas (A. C.) on Chamney or Cholmondeley
family, 295, 418
Coston (John) in St. Botolph's, Aldersgate, 53
Elephant and castle in heraldry, 298
Great Snow in 1614, 14
Mansel family, 354
Jones (Basil Evan) on Litany : spitting and stamp-
ing the feet, 148
Jones ( J. Bavington) on Hanoverian regiment, 378
Murderers reprieved for marriage, 172
Jones (Tom) on Bibles with curious readings, 284
Christmas mummers as mammals or birds, 14
Corbie-steps : corbel-steps : Corbalsailye, 134
Man in the Iron Mask dramatized, 312
Moving pictures to cinematographs, 194
Pawper or pauper bird, 217
Poor souls' light : " Totenlaterne," 336
" Put a beggar on horseback," 334
Rhubarb, its derivation, 393
Segundo, its meaning, 395
Shakespeariana, 304
Skolpyne, a fish, 335
Suffice, its meaning, 358
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
517
Jones (Tom) on " Terse " claret, 116
Tewke, tuke, its meaning, 131
" Welcome as flowers in May," 414
Winchester measures and bottles, 185
Jones (Thomas Morres), d. 1769, his biography,
148, 218
Jonson (Ben), gouland in, 136
Jope or Job family, 448
Jordan not a type of baptism, 184, 256
-Jordan (Toby), bookseller of Gloucester 1632, 348
Joy, curious rimes to, 232
Joye (Charles), Westminster scholar 1728, 188
Jubilees, royal, 49th and 50th anniversaries, 467
Judd (Sir Andrew), Lord Mayor 1550, his portrait
148
.Junius, and the horsewhipping of the Duke of
Bedford, c. 1760, 227, 292, 375, 410, 455,
495 ; his letters in ' The Public Advertiser,'
305 ; his letters to George Grenville and Lord
Chatham, 347; need of new edition, 386;
and the letter signed " Bifrons," 408
."K. (C. L.) on Archbishop Stone of Armagh, 450
Subterranean chamber 'mentioned in Plot's
' Staffordshire,' 89
K. (G. A.) on Chertsey cartularies, 70
X. ( J. H.) on ' Britons, Strike Home ! ' 472
Expedition to Ireland, 1571 : Capt. T.
Smith, 286
" Let us go hence, my songs," 128
K. (L. L.) on Ananias as a Christian name, 395
Artephius, ' De Characteribus. Planetarum,'
35
' Ballad of Splendid Silence,' 426
Bar " sinister," 212
Bathurst (Benjamin), 46
Bohemian musical folk-lore, 37
Chateaubriand and Madame Lieven, 104
Corn and dishonesty, 95
Defoe Methodist Chapel, Tooting, 54
Ear-piercing, 172
Pishing in fresh water in classical times, 350
Forwardal, 186
Goodbeter : its locality, 254
Lamb, Burton, and Francis Spiera, 152, 374
Leiningen (Count), his memoirs, 289
Magpie's death, 276
* Measure for Measure ' : French parallel, 304
Murder on Gad's Hill in 1661, 208
Pastrana (Miss), 29
Pawper or pauper bird, 291
Poor souls' light : " Totenlaterne," 31
Shakespeariana, 304
Winchester quart : Corbyn : Chopin, 56
<c Kangaroo closure," meaning of the phrase,
345, 468
Kaye (C. Lister), on Beatrix Gordon=Robert
Arbuthnot, 69, 294
Keats (John), his associations with Hampstead,
145, 176, 196
Keble (John), early graduation, 417
*' Keep within Compass," tavern sign, 55
Kelly (R. J.) on " No great shakes," 338
Kelsey family of Hants, 348
Kelso press, c. 1802, books printed at, 347, 396,
435, 457
Kemp (J. T.) on prickly pear and Monreale
Cathedral, 132
Ken (Bishop Thomas), his mother, 248, 290, 431
Ketch (Jack), criminal and public hangman, 469
Kilburn, the Grange, its demolition, 306
Kinchie, meaning of the word, 168, 358
King (Edward), Bishop of Lincoln, his biography,
307, 378
King's Champion at Coronations, historic details,
461
Kingsley (Charles), his Sandy Mackaye in ' Alton
Locke,' 209, 416
Kittens affecting health of babies, 18
Knights Hospitallers in 1798, 12
Knots in handkerchiefs as reminder, 35, 97, 192
Knox (H. V.) on Envy, " eldest-born of Hell," 468
Kom Ombo on burning of Moscow, 189
Historic fires in ancient Borne, 209
Kossuth (Louis), and C. F. Henningsen, 55,
275 ; ' Kossuth Coppered,' satirical poem, 75
Krebs (H.) on Bagdad, 69
Colani and the Reformation, 32
Quiroga (Father) and the Thirty Years' War,
498
Krueger (G.) on " Die in beauty," 7, 74
Nib = separate pen-point, 346
" Pro patria est dum ludere videmur," 147
Kuyper (Jan) on " Never swap horses when cross-
ing the stream," 434
L. (E. V.) on curious box, 308
" That man is thought a dangerous knave,"
367
L. (F. de H.) on Sir Charles Chalmers, Bt., 158
Cunningham (Alexander), R.N., 289
French Ambassadors in London, 309
L. (H. P.) on Hanoverian regiment, 457
Lush and Lushington surnames, 490
L. (M. C.)) on American words and phrases, 315,
354
Librarians, eminent : J. G. Cogswell, 55
L. (P.) on W. A. Bennett, Esq., 129
Pring (B.), 129
Tollner(W.M.), 129
L. (S. O.) on Christmas bough : Christmas bush,
74
L. (W. B. C.) on Easter : calculating its date,
389
L.-W. (E.) on skolpyne, a fish, 269
Lacy as a place-name, 8, 136
Lady Day, annual vestry meeting held on,
288, 338, 473
Laishley (C.) on authors of quotations wanted,
128
Lamb (Charles), Burton, and Francis Spiera, 61,
152, 212, 374 ; his ' Rosamund Gray,' pub-
lished 1798, 467
Lambarde (F.) on Dr. Johnson of Warwick, 337
Landor (W. Savage), his poems in ' The Examiner,'
1836-60, 364
Lane (John) on Sophie Dawes, Baronne de Feu-
cheres, 27
Wykeham (Miss), Baroness Wenman, 27
Lang (Andrew), article on the ' Odyssey,' 49
Langarus on amphisbaenic book, 176
Langton (T.) on " No great shakes," 338
Prickly pear and Monreale Cathedral, 87
Langstow (Sir William), c. 1456, and St. Zita's
Chapel, Ely, 229
Lasco (Albertus a), Polish Palatine, c. 1583, 149
Latin hexameters by machinery, 168, 249
Laurme (Edme de) on John of Cosington, 67
Elmham (William), 87
Lavaud (Jean Francois), and bell inscription,
248, 298
518
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Law (Mrs.) on Thomas Barrow, artist, 169
Bennett (Richard), 228
Orde= Williams, 228
Romney family and Lord Lifford, 169
Romney (SirW.), 169
Rumney or Romney (G.), recusant, 169
Law French and legal macaronics, 6
Lawrence (Betty), on ' Belgravia,' a poem,
329, 439
Lawrence (Margaret) on ' A Voice from the
Bush,' 48
Lawrence (Sir T.), his sketch of Mrs. Linley, 348
Lawrence, Freeman, and Beauchamp families,
c. 1620, 169, 238, 415
Lawrence and Washington families, 1600, 245
Lawrence Street, St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, origin
of the name, 309, 398, 437
Laws (E.) on white lion of the house of March,
248
Lawton and Inman families, 368
Le Blon (Jas. C.), engraver c. 1718, 187
Lea (Thomas) and Charles Brandon, Duke of
Suffolk, 268
Leader of House of Commons, earliest use of title,
108, 176
Leake and Martin-Leake families, 56
Lear (King) and his family, 481
Lee (A. Collingwood) on murderers reprieved for
marriage, 195, 298
"Put a beggar en horseback," 334
Leeper (Dr. Alex.) on early graduation : William
\Votton, 334
" God made the country, and man made
the town," 126
Moscow, its burning, 464
" Probability is the very guide of life," 226
Lega-Weekes (Ethel) on boole-lead : bole :
bull, 326, 477
Corbie-steps : corbel-steps : corbalsailye,
134
Dedications, double, 209
Freeman : Beauchamp : Lawrence, 169
London gunsmiths and their work, 210
Parish in England : its origin, 381
Washington : Lawrence, 245
Legal macaronics or law French, 6
Leiningen (Count Charles), his memoirs published
in English, 289
Lely (Richard), his book of poems, 1723, 305
Leslie (Major J. H.) on Sir Charles Chalmers, 89
Christian names used by men and women,
456
* Universities and the scientific Corps,' 308
Witham (Capt.) and the siege of Gibraltar,
28
Letters patent, trade-mark granted by, 126
Lewis (Alfred Sydney) on Lawrence Street, 309,
437
Mew or Mewes family, 196
Lex on Hertford Street, 209
Librarians, eminent, 13, 55, 291
Library, Bedford, works belonging to, in 1817,
446
Lieven (Madame) and Francois Chateaubriand,
104
Lifford (Lord) and Romney family, c. 1700, 169
Lillington, Dorset, epitaphs at, 485
Lincolnshire, battle in, c. 1643, not 1655,- 135 ;
battle at Riby, 1645, 487
Linley (Mrs.), Sir T. Lawrence's sketch of, 318
Linn (J.), on physician's cane, 168
Litany : spitting and stamping the feet, 148,
217, 294, 396
Littledale (Willoughby A.) on Queen Victoria's
maternal great-grandmother, 438
Lock (Rev. Campbell) on Ferguson of Inverurie,.
489
Glass manufactured at Belfast, 472
Lockhart (J. G.) on Dante, 248
Lockwood (William Joseph), Westminster scholar
1773, 29, 97, 254
Lofflthe (Geffery le Bakester de), c. 1296, his
biography, 207, 372
Logan (John), his ' Ode to the Cuckoo,' 104
Lomonossov (Michael Vasilievitch), 1711-65,.
Russian pioneer, 141
London, gunsmiths, particulars about their
work, 49, 210, 318 ; taverns, 1530-1704, 64,.
426 ; proprietary chapels in, 14'9, 193, 258,
466 London Bridge, old, and death of Sir-
Thomas Rempston, c. 1421, 243 ; parish
registers, c. 1664, Bishop's transcripts of, 303r
475 ; remains, flagstones, 346, 397 ; antiquities,,
museums of, 401, 483
Long home — grave, used in Anglo-Saxon times,
265
Longevity : Rev. H. M. Sherwood, 186
Longfellow (H. W.) on anecdote about Dufresmv
26
Loomis (J. T.) on eminent librarians : J. G.-
Cogswell, 55
" When she was good," 438
Loraine (Miss Isabella) and Prince Bismarck,,
1836, 47
Louis XVI., his confession on the eve of decapita-
tion, 185, 355 ; his arrest at Varennes, 203
" Love me, love my dog," 51, 113, 173
Lowe family, 1670-80, 106
Lowell (J. Russell), " fondness for " or " of,'r
226
Lowthers v. Howards, superstition upset, 18
Lucas (Perceval) on Milton Bibles, 71
Luc is on Emperor and painter, 209
Lukesmas, obsolete Scottish term-day, 9
Lunatics, their treatment temp. Elizabeth, 326
Luscombe (Bishop Michael H. T.), portrait of,.
37
Lush, explanation of the surname, 490
Lushington, explanation of the surname, 490
Lushington (Henry), and the Black Hole of Cal-
cutta, 265
Lynn (W. T.) on Cowper's " God moves in a mys-
terious way," 58
Rhubarb, its derivation, 328
Shakespeare and the Earl of Rutland, 307
Veneti : Venetians, 186
Woolsthorpe, its derivation, 368
M
M. on Dr. Alexander Carlyle, 244
Christian names used by men and women, 456-
Jeffreys (Judge) and the Temple Church
organ, 476
Sefton, a carriage, 498
M.A.Oxon. on " Gag," " Guillotine," and "Kan-
garoo " as Parliamentary terms, 468
" Vexation gives understanding," 269
M. (A. T.) on gentleman : armiger : privilegiatus,
232
M. (D.) on alien priories, 255
Crevequer of Bereford, 212
. Owns : blithering, 214
M. (F. O.) on murderers reprieved for marriage, 129"
M. (H.) on absinthe-drinking, 149
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
519
M. (H. A. St. J.) on inscriptions in churches, 175
Pastrana (Miss), 94
M. (J.) on Cowper's 'Charity': "porcelain,'
409, 498
Vole (Jean), ' Les Arrivants,' 148, 217
" Ware " potatoes, 109
M. (L. S.) on hair folk-lore in Mexico, 126
Horses taken to church, 266
Milky Way, its various names, 406
Scottish titles conferred by Cromwell, 88
Tiger or Arctia caja moth, 426
M. (M.) on authors of quotations wanted, 468
M. (M. A. M.) on Shakespeare and the Earl of
Rutland, 357
M. (N.) & A. on Scales family, 468
M. (P. D.) on John Callaway of Canterbury, 309
Corn and dishonesty, 13
Dryden as a place-name, 68, 178
Mundy (Peter), traveller, 186
M. (P. W. G.) on bell inscription at Falmouth, 298
Yews in churchyards, 166
M. (T. B.) on Grange Court, St. Clement Danes,
McM. (W.) on Christian names used by men and
women, 456
Macalister (M. A. M.) on authors of quotations
wanted, 233, 454
Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick, 356
Dods (Meg) and ' Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 257
' Pilgrim's Progress ' imitated, 58
Shakespeare allusions in Burton, 366
Macaronics, legal, 6
Macaulay (Lord), his allusions to well-known
persons, 207, 278 ; and Kitty Cuthbertson,
429, 475 ; and Silius Italicus, 444 ; his ancestry,
448
McDowall (S. S.) on " Barnburner " : " Hunker,"
314
Thread-papers* 90
McElwaine (P. A.) on corpse bleeding, 398
Davies (Sir John) and Francis Bacon, 124
Ga taker, and Dublin University, 132
Gataker (Henry), 193
' Hamlet ' in 1585, 474
Litany : spitting and stamping the feet, 396
Murderers reprieved for marriage, 172
' Raigne of King Edward III.' : falconry, 468
' Ralph Roister Doister,' 367
Shakespeare and the Earl of Rutland, 358
Shakespeare and the Prayer Book, 391
Victory : early ships of the name, 113
McGovern (J. B.) on Danteiana, 462
McGregor (L. Gove) on John Gove, c. 1650, 428
Machinery, Latin hexameters by, 168, 249
Machyn (Henry), his Diary, 1550-63, 269
Mackaye (Sandy), in ' Alton Locke,' characters
resembling, 209, 416
Mackie (Lieut.-Col. W.) on Queen's Regiment:
Sheffield plate dish, 70, 239
MacMichael (J. Holden) on " almighty dollar,"
American words and phrases, 197
Bishopsgate Street Without, 2, 142, 403
Church with wooden bell- turret, 95
City lands : ancient tenure, 269
Cobbett at Kensington, 313
Coronation bibliography, 345
Coroner of the Verge, 30
Danes'-blood, a flower, 16
Dogs on brasses and stone effigies, 310
Fairfax : Sayre : Maunsell, 176
Fishing in classical times, 350
Gale family, 297
MacMichael (J. Holden) on Grange Court, St.
Clement Danes, 118
Gratious or Gracines Street, 175, 398
Hard-shells, American nickname, 315
Hertford Street, 358
Ketch (Jack), 469
Knots hi handkerchiefs : Indian custom, 35
" Love me, love my dog," 114
" No great shakes," 173
" Old Mogul," Drury Lane, 153
Orgeat, a drink, 388
Oundle, 137
Owns : blithering, 213
Parish formation, 175
Prior (Matthew), his birthplace, 91
" Put a beggar on horseback," 334
Putney Bowling- Green, 369
Roeites of Calverton, 194
Rolle (Richard), ' Prick of Conscience,' 277
Scarborough Spa, 157
Seekers, religious sect, 255
Siligo : sprig : beckab : draget, 233
" Stick-in-the-Mud," 106
Sticklac, 166
Terrace, 251
" Terse " claret, 116
Thread-papers, 8
" Too many turnpikes to pay," 126
Unicorn on royal arms, 273
Watson family at Milnhorn and Blacklaw,
135
Yews in churchyards, 292
McMurray (W.) on Archdeacon Fifield Allen, 91
Arter (Andrew), his memorial at Hammer-
smith, 10
Bishops' transcripts of London parish regis-
ters, 303, 475
Canons, Middlesex : Essex as Christian
name, 338
Haddon (Walter), 128, 357
Indexes Locorum to printed parish registers,
186, 498
Jenner of Widhill, Wilts, 417
" O.K.," 458
Raikes centenary, 366
Signs of old London, 64, 426
Sweetapple surname : Benjamin Hodgkin,
294
Vestry held on Lady Day, 474
McPike (Eugene F.) on Day, Halley, and Pyke
families, 388
" O.K." : new explanation, 266
Peake and Pyke families of Southwark, 368
Turner and Peake families, 127
Macray (W. D.) on Francis family, 412
Madan (Major J. Russell), 1701-88, his marriage,
249
Magazines for boys in the fifties and sixties, 389
Magrath (J. R.) on authors of quotations wanted,
454
Cowper's ' Charity ' : " porcelain," 456
Queen's College, Oxford : Fellow in 1625,
254
Weight of 1588, 456
Wharton (Sir Miles), 372
Maiden name, mother's, used as surname, 107,
154, 218
Mail coach, date of the last, 186, 237, 278
Mail service, Anglo-American, its bicentenary, 5
Maiden (A. R.) on dogs on brasses and stone
effigies, 452
Graduation, early, 75
Great Snow in 1614, 14
520
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Malet (Col. Harold) on church with wooden bell-
turret, 95
Mail coach, last, 237
Man in the Iron Mask dramatized, 267, 312
Manceinion on Welsh printing society : Cym-
deithias Lien Cymru, 263
Mansel family, 151, 215, 354, 433
Manzoni (A.), ' II Cinque Maggio,' English trans-
lation, 447
Map, Hampshire, with engravings, c. 1800, 89, 236
March, house of, its white lion, 248, 316
Marchant (P. P. ) on carpet-bagger, 45
Gray's * Elegy ' : translations and parodies,
145, 383
Jordan not a type of baptism, 257
Lomonossov, Russian pioneer, 141
Mew or Mewes families, 196
Marine insurance, earliest policies, 107, 157
Market tolls and horses hi mediaeval times, 369
Marks (A. G.) on John Rider of Camberwell, 309
Marlborough (first Duke of), his godmother, 369
Marriage, murderers reprieved for, 129, 172, 195,
298 ; on February 30, 146 ; of divorced persons
temp. Elizabeth, 226, 478
Marriage relationships in Japan, 433
Mars, bust of, by Antonio Canova, 94
Marschall (Miss) on Prince Charles of Bourbon-
Capua, 329
Marston (E.) on Bishop Ken, 290
" When she was good." 271
Martin- Leake and Leake families, 56
Martin (Stapleton) on ' Compleat Angler ' :
Messrs. Sotheby on a comma, 466
May Day : May-games : May-poles, 371
Seward (Anna), date of her baptism, 44
Marty n (Prioress), her monument, Hartley Wint-
ney, Hants, 48
Mary Tudor, error on memorial tablet, 246
Masius (Gilbert), printer at Louvain, 1527, 488
Mason (Col.), his Coffee-house, c. 1670, 449
Masson (A.) on magpie's death, 275
Mathematical periodicals, 253
Mathematical terms not in the ' N.E.D.,' 426
' Mathematical Transactions,' periodical, its pub-
lisher and editor, 246, 252, 253
Mathews (C. Elkin) on Benjamin Franklin and
dreams, 247
Ken (Bishop), 290
Matthew (J. E.) on Mozart's works, 230
Matthews (Albert) on " almighty dollar," 211
American words and phrases, 172
Benjamin (Walter R.) of New York, 393
' Casabianca,' 67
" Franklin " : various meanings, 486
Franklin (Benjamin) and dreams, 356
Hare (Thomas), 72
' Kossuth Coppered,' satirical poem, 75
" Never swap horses," &c., 434
" O.K." : new explanation, 390
Rolle (Richard), ' Prick of Conscience,' 377
Trecothick (Barlow), Lord Mayor, 11
Matthews (J. H.) on gondola prow, 187
Matthews (Thurstan) on Milton Bibles, 433
Maunsell (D.) on Fairfax : Sayre : Maunsell, 88
Maunsell (D. P. W.) on Mansel family, 151
Maunsell : Fairfax : Sayre, c. 1531, 88, 176
Maxwell (Sir Herbert) on clergymen and crests, 391
Collar of SS : the forget-me-not, 413
May (Phil), his connexion with ' Big Ben,' 187,
237, 276
May (S. W.) on " Love me, love my dog," 51
May celebrations at Oxford, 1598, 325
May Day, quotations from poets on, 321, 371, 397
' May Fair,' a poem, 1827, its author, 329, 377, 438
Maycock (Willoughby) on Gratious or Gracines
Street, 175
' Hamlet ' in 1585, 311
Man in the Iron Mask dramatized, 312
" To the West ! To the West ! " 237
Vestris (Madame), 328
Mayhew (A. L.) on the jail in heraldry, 428
Meakin (Annette M. B.) on Hannah More por-
traits, 347
Mears (William), bell-founder 1626, 75, 217
Medal, Isaak Walton and Charles Cotton on, 329,
397
Mello (Dom Francisco Manuel de), his visit to
London in 1641, 107, 178
Melville (F. J. ) on first perforated postage stamps,
183
Melville (Lewis) on Cobbett at Kensington, 267
Memorials in the British Isles, 22, 222, 421
Mendelssohn (Sidney), his ' South African Biblio-
graphy,' 5
Mercer (W.) on Arnolfini family, 217, 350
Charles (Prince) of Bourbon- Capua, 394
' Flying Dutchman,' 132
Horses taken to church, 318
Prickly pear and Monreale Cathedral, 133
Rolle's ' Prick of Conscience ' : ' British
Critic,' 458
Unicorn on royal arms, 274
Warwick Lane and its historical associations,
193, 353
Meredith (George), " ennomic " in ' Tragic
Comedians,' 9, 92
Methodist Chapel, Tooting, founded by Defoe, 54
Methodists referred to by Samuel Richardson, 124
Mew or Mewes families, 105, 196, 478
Mexico, hair folk-lore in, 126
' Middleman,' U.S. play c. 1856, 225
Miers, miniaturist, list of portraits by, 488
Militia, cost of accoutrements, 1716, 8
Milky Way, its various names, 406
Millers, honest, references to, 12, 57, 95
Milnhorn in Scotland, its locality, 135
Milton (John), his Bibles, 1, 70, 109, 433 ; on
plagiarism, 191 ; his visit to Ireland, 328, 453
Minakata (Kumagusu) on blindfolded man t
Japanese variants, 424
Corpse bleeding, 398
Marriage relationships, 433
Minerva, bust of, by Antonio Canova, 94
' Minor ' and ' Methodist,' Foote's jest, 125
Mitchell (W. C.) on H.M.S. Pactolus, 209
Moffete (Mile. V.) on Moffete family, 247
Moffete family, 247
Monaco (Prince of), his memoir, 1794, 43
Monastery : cartularies of Chert sey, 70, 115
Monastery, Nottingham, not in Dugdale, 53
Monday (A. J.) on black bandsmen in the Army,
370
Monreale Cathedral, fruit depicted in mosaics in,
87, 132
Montfort (Simon de), translation of French poem
on, 229, 297, 353
Monumental inscriptions, Hertfordshire, tran-
scribed, 146
Monuments : to Prioress Martyn, Hartley Wint-
ney, Hants, 48 ; to Capt. Cook in England and
France, 165, 232, 295, 373
Moor in place-names, origin of the word, 450
Moore of Old Bond Street, sword-maker, c. 1799,.
228
Moore (Sir W.), d. 1810, his descendants, 469
Moory-ground, origin of the term, 450
Notes and Queries, July £9, 1911.
INDEX.
521
Morality plays and mediaeval " Oberammergaus,"
267, 333, 395
More (Hannah), two portraits of, their where-
abouts, 347, 392
More in place-names, origin of the word, 450
Morelius (Eligius), schoolmaster and author,
Oudenarde, 1527, 488
Moreton (R. L.) on black bandsmen in the Army,
337
Christian names used by men and women,
497
" No great shakes," 257
Tallard (Marshal), prisoner of war, 396
Moretti family, 68
Morgan (Forrest) on " Barnburner " : " Hunker,"
335
" Die in beauty," 234
Haywra, place-name, 487
' Waver ley ' : " Clan of grey Fingon," 487
Morgan (G. Blacker) on French ambassadors in
Lpndt n, 358
Morison (W.) on departed hero and sun's lingering
light, 275
Morris-Jones (Thomas), d. 1769, his biography,
148, 218
Morris (Mowbray), his ' A Voice from the Bush,'
48, 114, 214, 271, 490
Morton (G. W.) on Man in ^he Iron Mask dra-
matized, 267
Moscow, cause of the fire of, 189, 464
Mosley (T. J.) on Shakespeariana, 303
Moth, tiger or Arctia caja, its habits, 426
Mother's maiden name used as surname, 107,
154, 218
Mottoes : of Great Exhibition, 1851, 10, 74 ;
" In Deo spero," 70, 138, 239 ; " Souvent me
souvient," 361, 413
Mouner, word used 1288, meaning explained,
229, 271
Moving pictures, their evolution, 56, 155, 194 ;
exhibited by Jaquet Droz, 1776, 125
Mozart (Wolfgang Amadeus), his works, 187, 250
Muir (W.) on Authorized Version: date of its
translation, 327
Mullens (W. H.) on ornithology and natural
history, 429
Mundy (Sir John), Mayor of London 1523, 126
Mundy (P. D.) on swan marks : old surgical
works, 3C3
Mundy (Peter), traveller, 186
Municipal records printed, list, 493
Murder on Gad's Hill, 1661, 208, 270
Murderers reprieved for marriage, old custom.
129, 172, 195, 298
Murray (Sir James A. H.) on Hanoverian regiment,
327
Terrace, 207
" Terse " claret, 7
" Tertium quid," 67
" Tertius gaudens," 327
" Tewke," " tuke," a kind of cloth, 87
Murray (John) I. as an author, 1772, 247
Murray (John) on charades by Col. Fitzpatrick,
307
11 Yorker," 37
Museums of London antiquities, 401, 483
Musical dictionaries from 1786, 342
Musical envelope, published by Fores, 37
Musical folk-lore, Bohemian, 37
Mutschmann (Heinrich) on " Die in beauty,"
112
Myers (Albert Cook) on William Penn's works,
387
N
N. (M.) on American words and phrases, 196
Name, mother's maiden, used as surname, 107,
154, 218
Nash (Prebendary J. J. Glendinning) on City
churches destroyed or demolished, 282
Natural history, biography of writers on, 429
Neale (R.) on Oundle, 9
Nel Mezzo on French quotation, 128
Jeffreys (Judge) and the Temple Church
organ, 452
Prior (Matthew), his birthplace, 91
Thackeray's last words, 91
Nelson (Lord) and the Victory, poem on, 287
' New English Dictionary,' additions and correc-
tions, 66, 146, 186, 206, 286, 426, 428, 465
Newenham Abbey, Devon, register of 1246,
70, 110, 197
Newgate, Ordinaries of, 1773, 86, 173
Newspaper, first daily halfpenny, 366, 431
Nib = separate pen-point, use of the word, 346
Nicholson (E.) on Black Prince's language, 158
Boole-lead : bole : bull, 477
C and t interchanged, 351
Coroner of the Verge, 236
Stencil, its derivation, 138
Treherne's curious rimes to " joy," 232
Nicholson (Watson) on Colley Cibber's ' Apology,
266
' Middleman,' U.S. play c. 1856, 225
' Minor ' and ' The Methodist,' 125
Nightshade, charm to cure pigs, 427, 491
" No great shakes," origin of the phrase, 129,
173, 257, 338
Norman (W.) on inscriptions in churches and
churchyards, 97
' May Fair,' a poem, 1827, 329
Terrace, 252
North Midland on " All comes out even at the
end of the day," 74
Northup (Clark S.) on Gray's 'Elegy': transla-
tions and parodies, 62, 144, 204
Nottingham monastery unrecorded in Dugdale, o3
Nunnington Church, its dedication and feast, 148
O. on adders' fat as cure for deafness, 171
Goodbeter, its locality, 254
Seekers, religious sect, 256
Sonnets by Rafael, 297
O. (D.) on first perforated postage stamps, 251
Westminster chimes, 35
O. (T. S.) on instant or current, 9
O.K., explanations of the term, 266, 390, 458
Oakes (Col.) and Queen Caroline's funeral, 69, 1<3
Oats, Quaker, and quaking grass, 75, 118
" Oberammergaus," mediaeval, 267, 333, 39o
Obituary : —
Dilke (Sir Charles WTentworth), 81, 130
Forster (Thomas), 120
Hedgeland (Rev. Philip), 365
Hewitt (Canon James Alexander), 100
Hipwell (Daniel), 340, 380
Mory (Nicolas), 60
Radcliffe (John), 400
Rutton (William Loftie), 120, 140
O'Donoghue (E. G.) on Bethlem Royal Hospital,
167
522
T N D E X.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911
Odyssey, Andrew Lang on the, 49
" Old Mogul," tavern sign, Drury Lane, 86, 153,
235
Old Sarum on Canons, Middlesex : Essex as
Christian name, 92
Crevequer of Hereford, 149
-de- : -ty-, 108
John de Cosington, 133
Wortley-Montagu, 149
O'Looney (Lady), Mrs. Jane Molony, remarkable
epitaph, 108, 154, 190, 277
Omnibuses, " Royal Blue," origin of the name,
189, 257
O'Neill (J. J.) on stage history: Wilson Barrett,
225
Oppe (T. A.) on Hampshire map, 89
Orde (Ralph) = Williams, c. 1600, 228
Ordinaries of Newgate, 1773, 86, 173
Orfeur (C. H.) on perthroat, 409
Orgeat= syrup or cooling drink, 388, 435
Ormonde (Marquis of), officers of his Guard, 70
Ornithology, biography of writers on, 429
Ossington (Viscount), Speaker of House of
Commons, photograph 38
Oundle, place-name, 9, 137, 153, 298
Overton (F. J.) on Sefton, a carriage, 498
Owen (Douglas) on Royal Exchange paving-
blocks, 429
Owls called chembims, 15, 118
Owns: "blood and owns," meaning of the words,
148, 213
Oxford, Queen's College, Fellow in 1625, 149, 254 ;
May celebrations at, 1598, 325
Oxford India paper, history of its discovery, 221
Oxonian on Litany : spitting and stamp ing the
feet, 218
Oxoniensis on " capping " at Scottish Univer-
sities, 436
P. on Henry, Prince of Wales, 87
P. (A.) on Bagehot on the Crown, 307
P. (A. S.) on departed hero and sun's lingering
light, 207
Smallpox and the stars, 167
P. (C. E.) on Edward Ravenscroft, 289
P. (F. K.) on Joseph Paul, surgeon, 469
Victory : early ships of the name, 113
P. (G. M. H.) on Jean Vole's ' Les Arrivants,' 217
P. (H.) on Thackeray and pugilism, 28
P. (H. G.) on -de- : -ty-, 178
P. (J. B.) on Gamnecourt in Picardy : Barbara de
Bierle, 50
P. (M.) on Jean Vole's ' Les Arrivants,' 178
P. (M. G. W.) on yews in churchyards: clubs for
killing old people, 291
P. (R. B.) on trade-mark granted by letters
patent, 126
P. (R. W.) on Count of the Holy Roman Empire,
94
Hanoverian regiment, 457
P. (S. H.) on Bonar & Co., 457
P. (W. F.) on W. L. Rutton, 140
P. (W. J.) on Anglo-Irish " vein " : { The Wander-
ing Nag,' 346
Pack-horse bridges in existence in 1911, 486
Pactolus, H.M.S., in commission 1813 and 1815
209, 275
Page (John T. ) on Ainsworth the lexicographer, 476
Christian names used by men and women, 497
* Churches of Yorkshire,' 473
Cook (Capt.) memorials, 232, 373
Page (John T.) on corn and dishonesty, 57
Cowper's " God moves in a mysterious way,'*
58
Defoe Methodist Chapel, Tooting, 54
Freeman : Beauchamp : Lawrence, 238
Goats and cows, 78
" Keep within Compass," tavern sign, 55
Leake and Martin- Leake families, 56
May Day : May-games : May-poles, 397
Militia claims, 1716, 8
Milton Bibles, 71
O'Looney (Lady), her epitaph, 154
Statues and memorials in the British Isles,
22, 222, 421
Yorks = trouser-straps, 38
Painted glass, old, in Essex churches, 41
Painter's brush picked up by emperor, 209, 296
Palaeography, B and G confused, 443
Pallium at Canterbury, 488
Palmer (A. Smythe) on Aristotle on education, 107
Puckled, its meaning, 111
Pape (T.) on Grange, Shropshire, 268
Harrison the regicide, 332
Lea (Thomas) and Charles Brandon, Duke of
Suffolk, 268
Paper, Oxford India, history of its discovery, 221
Parish, English, formation and origin of, 88, 175,
253, 381
Parish (Sir Woodbine), Sir C. Hanbury Williams,
and Carlyle, 163
Parish registers: Stoke Newington, 1559-1812,
244
Parish registers, London, c. 1664, transcripts of,
303, 475
Parish registers, printed, Indexes Locorum to,
186, 256, 276, 498
Parliament, Clerks of, the office, 228, 312
Parliament, Long, pensioners in, 103, 253
Parliamentary slang : Gag, Guillotine, and
Kangaroo closure, 345, 468
Parodies : Gray's ' Elegy,' 62, 144, 204, 338
Parratt (George), 1890, bis inventions, 77, 177
Parry (Lieut.-Col. G. S.) on burial inscriptions, 488
Custom House cutters, 228
Hanoverian regiment, 378
Inscriptions in new Protestant cemetery,
Florence, 324, 404
Inscriptions in Protestant Cathedral, Gib-
raltar, 224
Passenger, slang use of the word, 85
' Passionate Pilgrim,' new readings, 183
Pastrana (Julia), bearded Mexican danseuse,
29, 94, 179, 238
Patching (J.) on Ralph Piggott, Catholic Judge,
449
Patrickmas, obsolete Scottish term- day, 9
Paul (Joseph), surgeon, d. 1763, his biography, 469
Pauper or pawper bird, its identity, 89, 216, 290,
351
Pauper's badge, its history, 55, 118
Paving-blocks in Royal Exchange, their history,
429, 473
Pawper or pauper bird, its identity, 89, 216,
290, 351
Payne surname, puns on, 36
Peach (C. H. R.) on Crown Agents, 467
House of Commons prayer : Speaker Yel-
verton, 467
Peacock (E.) on authors of quotations wanted, 468
Peacock (Rev. J.) of Broadway Meeting, Somer-
set, 9, 75
Peake and Pyke families of Southwark, 368
Peake and Turner families, 127
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
523
Pearse (Col. H. W.), D.S.O., on R. R. Gillespie
at Vellore, 348
Peasantry, songs of the, 47, 97, 334
Peel (Sir Robert), preparation for his speeches
107, 178
Peet (W. H.) on James Ballantyne's Kelso press
396
Christian names used by men and women, 45
Pembroke, Dutchmen in, statement in 1616
189, 292
Pengelly (R. S.) on " Clerk of the Papers," 414
Penn (William), memorial in St. Mary Redcliffe
Bristol, 125 ; his works and letters, 387
Penny : pheasant penny, meaning of the term
268', 337
Penny (P.) on black bandsmen in the Army, 370
East India Company's chaplains, 410
Gillespie (Robert Rollo) at Vellore, 437
Holwell family, 192
Peter the Great's portrait, 447
Pensioners in the Long Parliament, 103, 253
Perforation of postage stamps, inventions for
183, 251
Perthroat, meaning of the word, 409, 457
Peter (John), 1677, his ' Artificial Versifying,
&c., 249
Peter the Great, his portraits, 447
Petty (S. L.) on Danes' -blood^a flower, 16
Pewter church flagon, 1734, its restoration, 148
Phear (Sir John Budd), Indian judge, portraits
249, 472
Pheasant penny, meaning of the term, 268, 337
Phillips (Lawrence) on Cowper's " God moves in
a mysterious way," 58
Phillymaclink= Philadelphia, earliest use of the
sobriquet, 127
Philological School, founded 1792, 247
Phipps (Major H. R.) on Phipps or Phip family, 49
Phip or Phipps family, 49, 177
Phrases and words, American, 48, 172, 196, 315,
354
Physician's cane, safeguard against contagion,
168, 194, 437
Pickering ( J. E. Latton) on Junius and the horse
whipping of the Duke of Bedford, 495
Pickthall (Marmaduke) on Dickens : " Shalla-
balah," 68
Pickwick (S.) on Andrew Arter's memorial, 75
Pierpoint (R.) on birthdays and the change of
Calendar, 474
Blue Rod, 425
Boz and Dombey as French place-names, 244
Chandos (Sir John), 115
' Church Historians of England,' 373
Corpse bleeding, 92
Custom House cutters, 477
Dilke (Sir Charles Wentworth), 130
Elephant and castle in heraldry, 36
Elizabeth (Queen), statue in Royal Exchange,
316
Guichard d' Angle, 73
" Hie locus odit, amat," &c., 66, 131
High Stewards at the Restoration, 17
John Hudson (late Burkitt & Hudson), 9
John de Cosington, 133
Johnson (Dr.) in the hunting field, 52
" Love me, love my dog," 113
Moving pictures to cinematographs, 57
Napoleon and the Little Red Man, 54
O'Looney's (Lady) epitaph, 190
), Earl of
horse, 463
Pitt (William),
horse, 463
Royal Jubilees, 467
Chatham, cornet of
Pierpoint (R.) on Scottish titles conferred by
Cromwell, 374
Teapoy : cellarette : gardevin, 272
Turcopolier : Knights Hospitallers, 12
Water-shoes for walking on water : G-
Parratt, 77, 177
Piggott (Ralph), Catholic Judge, 1724, his bio-
graphy, 449
Pigott (J.) captain 1772, and Black Hole of Cal-
cutta, 74, 111, 192, 272, 432
Pigott (W. Jackson) on Holwell familv, 74, 192,.
432
Pigs, cured by nightshade, 427, 491
Pigtails last worn in British Army, 1808, 466
Pincerna (Simon), and Westminster, 170
Pink (W. D.) on John Appleyard, 307
Arundel (Sir John) of Clerkenwell, 367
Ashley or Astley (Mistress Katherine), 447
Ashton (Sir William), 387
Parington of Worden, 385
Wharton (Sir Miles), 372
Pirton, Herts, apparition at, 466
Pitfield (Rev. Sebastian), his ghost, 95
Pitman (J. F.) on Sudane, Soudan, or Soldaiik
family, 88
Pitt (William), Earl of Chatham, his letter on.
superstition, 107, 218 ; as cornet of horse, 463
Pitt (William), his disfranchisement scheme r
1785, 8, 77
Pitti Gallery, portrait of son of Frederick III. of
Denmark, 267, 314, 418
Place-Names : —
Bagdad, 69
Boz and Dombey, 244
Buckrose, 464
cand/in, 229, 351,398
-de- and -ty- in, 108, 178
Dryden, 68, 137, 178
Faircross, 464
Goodbeter, 167, 254
Haywra, 487
Lacy, 8, 136
Moor, More, Moory-ground, 450
Oundle, 9, 137, 153, 298
Woolsthorpe, 368, 418
Plagiarism, Milton on, 191
Plague spread by rats, 78
Plaistow and its products, poem c. 1760, 208, 25ft
Platt (Isaac Hull) on fishing in classical times,
453
Playgoer on " burgling," 286
Vestris (Madame), 371
Plays, mediaeval " Oberammergaus," 267, 333r
395
Plomer (H. R.) on bells and bell-founders c. 1560 r
John Granger, 6
Lowe family, 1670-80, 106
Poets, German, of English birth, 161
Poland (Sir Harry B.) on " Old Cock o' Wax," 56-
* Pickwick ' difficulties, 332
Poland (J.) on Sir Andrew Judd, 148
Pole (Geoffrey), Winchester scholar, his bio-
graphy, 45, 112, 154
Politician on birthdays and change of Calendar,.
387
Colleges of Commerce, 369
" Kangaroo closure," 345
Leader of the House of Commons, 108
" Never swap horses," &c., 358
Pitt and Wilkes on disfranchisement, 8
Speaker's chair of old House of Commons, 94
ollard (H. T. ) on Bishop M. H. T. Luscombe, 37
524
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Pollard (Matilda) on cackling clouts : carpillions,
213
Queen's Regiment, Sheffield plate dish, 138
Pollard (W. E.) on John Bright's quotations, 15
Pollard-Urquhart (Col. F. E. R.) on Christian
names used by men and women, 497
Essex as Christian name, 339
Mail coach, last, 237
Ponder (S.) on Julia Pastrana, 238
Poole (M. Ellen) on Charles I. miniature, 429
Miers, miniaturist, 488
Poole (Maria) on terrace, 252
Pooler (C. K.) on ' Lucrece ' and ' Passionate
Pilgrim ' : new readings, 183
Poor Soul's Light, in churches, 30, 336
Pope (F. J.) on Hartley Wintney, Hants : Prioress
Martyn's monument, 48
"Popylorum tibi" in 'Nicholas Nickleby,' the
phrase, 244, 313, 392, 453
Porcelain manufactured at Belfast, 408, 472
Port (C. G. J.) on pewter church flagon, 148
Post, aerial, in India, 1911, 265
Postage stamps, inventions for perforating,
183, 251
Postlethwaite (T. N.) on pre-Ref or mat ion Urs-
wick vicars, 387
Potatoes : ware potatoes, term explained. 109,
179
Potter (G.) on Milton Bibles, 70
Thread-papers, 90
Pottinger (I.), his ' Methodist,' comedy, 1760,
125
Potts (Tl. A.) on ' Belgravia,' a poem, 377
" Cruel of heart were they," 129
Dods (Meg) and * Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 257
Old Poulter's mare, 228
Smith (Charlotte), poem ' St. Monica,' 228
Poulyne (Mile. Elizabeth) and Napoleon, 1809,
148
Power (J.), ensign 1752, and Black Hole of
Calcutta, 74, 111, 192, 272, 432
Prayer, daily, used in House of Commons, its
author, 467
Prayer Book, Shakespeare's quotations from,
301, 391, 439
Pre- Reformat ion Urswick vicars, list of, 387
Preece (G.) on Stoke Newington parish registers,
244
Prestage (Edgar) on Dom Francisco Manuel de
Mello, 107
Preston (Lady Elizabeth), first Duchess of
Ormonde, 29
' Prick of Conscience,' its author, 227, 277, 377,
417, 458
Prickly pear and mosaics in Monreale Cathedral,
87, 132
Prideaux (Col. W. F.) on Gratious or Gracines
Street, 212
Holwell family, 111
Mansel family, 215
Teapoy : cellarette, 194
Terrace, 332
Victoria (Queen), maternal great-grand-
mother, 438, 471
' Voice from the Bush,' 114, 490
Warwick Lane and its associations, 121, 250
Wharton (Sir Miles), 372
Williams (Sir C. Hanbury), Sir Woodbine
Parish, and Carlyle, 163
' Young Folks,' 71
Prideaux (W. R. B.) on George I.'s statues, 152
Statues in the British Isles, 24, 423
Pring (B.), patron of cricket c. 1850, 129
Printing Society, Welsh, 263
Prior (Matthew), his parentage and birthplace.
47, 91, 254
Prior (W. R.) on Benjamin Garlike, 88
Goodbeter, its locality, 167
Hume (Commander) in 1815, 448
Priories, alien, in England, their chartularies,
167, 255
Privilegiatus, meaning of the word in ' Alumni
Oxonienses,' 167, 231
Protestant Cathedral, Gibraltar, inscriptions in,
224
Protestant Cemetery, Florence, inscriptions in,
324, 404
Provence (Guy and Simon de), their lands in
Cheshire, 489
Proverbs and Phrases: —
A terra il Ben — Mai dimora in sella, 487
All comes out even at the end of the day, 74
Almighty dollar, 109, 179, 211
Die in beauty, 7, 74, 112, 234
I fegs, 206
In black and white, 206
Love me, love my dog, 51, 113, 173
Never swap horses when crossing the stream,
269, 358, 433
No great shakes, 129, 173, 257, 338
Pro patria est dum ludere videniur, 147
Probability is the very guide of life, 226, 275
Put a beggar on horseback, variant?, 269,
334, 414
Secular trees, 207
Sedulous ape, 207
Strike of Saunsons, 108
Terra Susana, 83, 235
Tertium quid, 67, 131
Too many turnpikes to pay, 126
Wait and see, 366, 434
Welcome as flowers in May, 367, 414, 478
Prow of gondolas of Venice, 187
' Public Advertiser,' 1766-72, Letters of Junius in,
305
Puckled, meaning of the word, c. 1620, 78, 111
Pugilism, Thackeray on, 28, 111
Pulpits, Cromwellian, 407
Puns on Payne surname, 36
Putney Bowling- Green, 1742, its locality, 369,
433
Puttenham (G.), his c Arte of English Poesie,'
Tottel's * Miscellany,' and Chaucer, 82
Pyke, Day, and Halley families, 388
Pyke and Peake families of South wark, 368
Pyrrhus's toe, allusion to, in Sir T. Browne's
' Hydriotaphia,' 89, 131, 174, 238
Q. (A. N.) on South African bibliography, 5
Thackeray's last words, 91
Quaker oats and quaking grass, 75, 118
Quarrell (W. H.) on dogs on brasses and stone
effigies, 377
Longevity, 186
Portrait in Pitti Gallery : Justus Sustermans,
418
Teapoy : cellarette : gardevin, 318
Quebec Cathedral bells, 1760, their whereabouts,
389
Quiroga (Father) and the Thirty Years' War,
409, 452, 498
Notes and Queries, July 29. 1911.
I N D E X.
525
Quotations : —
A Scot and a Jesuit hand in hand, 147, 177, 233
A touch of the sun for pardon, 48, 92, 196
Adds fresh beauties to the spring, 468
Affection never to be weaned nor changed,
388
After snow the snowdrop, 409, 474
And Capel and Hurst, 468
And God did bless him, if the prayers and
tears, 348
And nonsense shall be eloquence in love, 468
And now a poet's gratitude you see, 468
As I was walking all alone, I heard two
corbies, 69
As we journey through life, let us live by
the way, 228, 274, 313
Beatitude rion est divinorum cognitio, 136
Captives of thy bow and spear, 29, 76
Close following Love into my house, 128
Cruel of heart were they, bloody of hand,
129, 191
Each spangled back (sunbird), 69
Envy, eldest born of Hell, 468
Farewell, sweet bird 1 Thou still hast been, 69
Fortune came smiling to his youth and woo'd
it, 15
God help the poor, 329
God made the country, and man made the
town, 126
God moves in a mysterious way, 10, 58, 153
Goe, little booke ; God send thee good
passage, 207, 492
Good reader, I this little booke, 147, 177
Guess now who holds thee, 409, 454
I knew not what it was to die, 388
I said, Let me walk in the fields, 329
In good sooth, my masters, this is no door, 348
In the house of too much trouble he is happy
and at rest, 248
Industria res parvae crescunt, 409, 454
KCUp<j) doV\€V€lV TOi>S 5oKOVVTO.S &p^iV, 253, 372
Le grain de muse qui parfume le monde, 129
Let us go hence, my songs, 128, 155, 177
Like violets, sweetest in decay, 409, 454
Little by little the time goes by, 329, 377
Midway the road of our life's term they met,
48
Musice mentis medicina mcestae, 46
No charity but alms aught values she, 409,
456, 498
Not 'neath the domes where crumbling arch
and column, 128
Now sound ye forth with trumpet tone, 329
O, never question curiously, 48
On cause mieux quand on ne dit pas, Causons,
Out of the waspish word " No" to pluck the
sting, 147
Qui fallit in poculis fallit in omnibus, 128
Say, weary bird, whose level flight (crow), 69
Schicksal und eigene Schuld, 407
Securitas est tutissimum bonum, 465
Si tu recta facis, ne cures verba malorum, 355
Smug and silver Trent, 468
Sometimes a noble failure is better than an
assured success, 228
Speckled, mellow-throated thrush, 69
Swallows sitting on the eaves, 69
Sweet thrush, whose wild untutored strain, 69
That man is thought a dangerous knave,
367, 452
The bee and spider by a diverse power, 228
Quotations: —
The captain's little daughter took her father
by the hand, 147, 177
The only throb it gives, 409, 454
The penalty of not taking an interest, 29
The Scipios' tomb contains no ashes now, 15
The swallow, the swallow, she does with her
bring, 69
The trees began to whisper, and the wind
began to roll, 15, 57
There, 'tis the etiquette, the winners, 329,
377, 438
Thou shrill proclaimer of the lonely hour
(owl), 69
Unholy is the voice, 15
Warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze,
409, 454
Welcome, dear swallow, to thy well-known
nest, 69
Welcome to the British shore, 468
When house and land are gone and spent, 46S
When Nature makes a man a king, 147
When she was good, 128, 234, 271, 333, 438
R. (A. F.) on " capping " at Scottish Universities,
386
Elizabeth (Queen), her horses' names, 346
Indian aerial post, 265
May celebrations at Oxford in 1598, 325
Rhinoceros, first, in England, 286
R. (C. K.) on Samuel George Sloman, 108
R. (G. W. E.) on Ananias as Christian name, 453
Arter (Andrew), his memorial, 75
Essex as Christian name, 339
" George Inn " at Woburn, 172
R. (J. F.) on Queen Elizabeth's portrait with
Italian proverb, 487
R. (J. H.) on John Brick, 409
R. (L. G.) on dogs on brasses and stone effigies, 311
R. (L. M.) on inscriptions in churches and church-
yards, 57
R. (W. W.) on authors of quotations wanted, 48
R's of sailors, meaning of the term, 57
Radcliffe (Rev. Stephen), d. 1732, his biography,
147
Radcliffe (W.) on fishing in classical times, 249
Rags left at holy wells, 409, 470, 498
' Raigne of King Edward III.,' " dare a falcon,
468
Raikes (Robert), Sunday-school pioneer, marriage
of his parents, 366
Raleigh (Sir Walter), his servant, and tobacco,
34, 175
4 Ralph Roister Doister,' play by Udal, 367, 413,
454, 496
Ramsay (Allan) and Thomas D'Urfey, 467
Raphael, his century of sonnets, 208, 297, 353
Ratcliffe (T.) on bee-swarms, 406
Christmas bough : Christmas bush, 14
Corn and dishonesty, 57
Cuckoo rimes, 465
Ear-piercing, 235
Gallows Bank : Matthew Cockling, 187
" Great George our King," 387
Goulands, in Ben Jonson, 136
Harvest superstitions : judgments on impiety,
278
Litany : spitting and stamping the feet, 295
Owns : blithering, 214
526
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911
Ratcliffe (T.) on ' Pickwick ' difficulties, 392
Postage stamps, first perforated, 251
Rice for the complexion, 258
St. Mark's Eve : " Watching the supper," 305
Tailors, itinerant, 34
" To the West ! To the West ! " 187
" Welcome as the flowers in May," 367
' White Hand and a Black Thumb,' 249
Woodyer, 116
Bats and the spread of plague, 78
Raven on pheasant penny, 268
Unicorn on royal arms, 187
Raven (Rev. John James), campanologist, portraits
of, 249
Ravenscroft (Edward), c. 1800, his descent and
marriage, 289
Rea (Toe) on " Cruel of heart were they," 191
Peel (Sir Robert) and his speeches, 178
Smith (Charlotte), her poem ' St. Monica,'
298
Swedish mission to Abyssinia, 417
Reade (Aleyn Lyell) on Richardson's supposed
Derbyshire connexions, 123
4 Rebecca and her Daughters,' book on Rebecca
riots, 89, 195
Rebecca Riots in Wales, book on, 89, 195
Recorders and High Stewards at the Restoration,
17, 138, 376
Records, municipal, list of printed, 493
Rector on Rosamond Spong : " Orta Carolo
Rege," 269
Rectors and militia expenses, 1716, 8
Reformation, Colani on, 32
Regiment, Hanoverian, with " Sebastopol " on
shakos, 327, 378, 415, 457
Regiment, Queen's, Sheffield plate dish belonging
to, 70, 138, 239
Register of Newenham Abbey, Devon, 1246,
70, 110, 197
Registers of Belfast, c. 1677, 70, 114
Registers of London parishes, c. 1664, transcripts
of, 303, 475
Registers of Stoke Newington, 1559-1812, 244
Remembrance, Irish book of, 1800, 70, 114
Rempston (Sir Thomas), c. 1421, his death, 243
* Renascence : Sculptured Tombs of Rome,'
alleged inaccuracies, 274
Restoration, High Stewards and Recorders at, 17,
138, 376
Reynolds (Sir Joshua), his MS. notebooks, 267, 313
Rhinoceros, first in England, 1711, 286
Rhodes (A.) on Bishopsgate Street Without, 477
Black bandsmen hi the Army, 287
" Bolton ffaire groates," 94
Carnall (Robert), 308
Corpse bleeding, 35
Essex as Christian name, 92, 295
Marriage on 30 February, 146
Mears (William), bell-founder, 1626, 75
Mother's maiden name as children's surname,
154
Municipal records printed, 493
Poor Souls' Light : " Totenlaterne," 30
Rags left at wells, 470
" Seekers," religious sect, 255
Spider's web and fever, 96
Sweetapple surname, 213
" To the West ! To the West ! " 237
Unicorn on royal arms, 274
Rhubarb, derivation of the word, 328, 392, 476
Riby, Lincolnshire, battle at, 1645, 487
Rice, eaten raw for the complexion, 189, 258
Richards (G. W.) on Job or Jope family, 448
Richards (Robert), Uttoxeter printer c. 1785,
405, 454
Richardson (S.), and the English philosophers, 5 ;
his supposed connexions in Derbyshire, 123 ;
his references to Methodists, 124 ; his birth,
127 ; Anna Howe and Charlotte Grandison, 164
Ricketts ( William )i= Mary Goodwin, and John-
son family, 168
Riddell (Mrs. C.) on Lawton and Inman families,
368
Riddle of claret served in Scotland, 76
Rider (John) of Camberwell, c. 1830, his parent-
age, 309
Rimes : cuckoo, 465 ; " Swarm o' bees i' May,"
406 ; " There was a little girl," 128, 234, 271,
333, 438
Ringham (J. C.) on pensioners in the Long Par-
liament, 103
Rings, sanctuary, their origin and use, 347, 436
Robbins (A. F.) on Anglo-American mail service, 5
Cadie = caddie, 206
Clerks of the Parliament, 312
Fielding (Henry) and the civil power, 486
Furlough, 226
Newspaper, first halfpenny, 366
Rousseau and England, 405
Rousseau and Voltaire, 447
Scarborough Spa, 129
Scout = spy, sneak, 165
Telegraphy, earliest, 24
Roberts (W.) on Bonar & Co., 497
Cagnoni (Domenico), 125
Conyngham (Lady), 110
Lely (Richard), 305
Milton Bibles, 70
Portrait in Pitti Gallery : Justus Sustermans,
314
Reynolds's pocket-books, 313
Rolle (Richard), 'The Prick of Conscience,'
277
Wint (Peter de), 418
Robinson (H. Crabb) and De Quincey, 102
Robinson (J.) on Speaker's chair of the old House
of Commons, 93
Robinson (Lionel G.) on Nelson and the Victory,
287
Rockingham on rats and plague, 78
Rod-titles : Blue Rod, 425
Rodger (E.) on London gunsmiths and their
work, 49, 318
Rodway (A.) on Collar of SS : the forget-me-not,
413
Roebuck, Portland packet, and French privateer
Arcoul, 1797, 288
Roeites of Calverton, founded 1780, 9, 194, 272,
385, 455
Rogers (Samuel), and B. Disraeli's baptism, 268,
314
Rolle (Richard), and ' The Prick of Conscience,'
227, 277, 377, 417, 458
Roman Empire, Holy, Counts of, 54, 94, 194
Rome, historic fires in, c. 283 A.D., 209, 410 ;
Charles Martel in book on tombs of, 274
Romney family and Lord Lifford, c. 1700, 169
Romney or Rumney (George), recusant, c. 1611,
169
Romney (Sir W.), Alderman, d. 1611, his de-
scendants, 169, 238, 294, 314
Roper (Ida M.) on dogs on brasses and stone
effigies, 311
Rosenthal (Ludwig) on Atrebatum, 256
Rossetti (Dante G.) on art, 407
Rotton (Sir J. F.) on Alfieri in England, 37
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
527
Rousseau (J. J.)» English references to his essay
on the sciences, 405 ; and Voltaire in 1770, 447
Bousthwel (Chotta), his ' Man in the Tiger Skin,'
386
Howe ( J. Hambley) on alien priories, 167
B and G confused in Domesday, 443
Bowles's ' Hundred of Penwith,' 47
Pincerna (Simon) and Westminster, 170
Rowland (Kate Mason) on Herbert W. Stebbins, 87
Royal arms, origin of unicorn on, 187, 273, 297
" Royal Blue " omnibuses, origin of the name,
189, 257
Royal Exchange : statue of Queen Elizabeth in,
187, 230, 315 ; Gresham College, and Crosby
Hall, 241 ; frescoes and statues, 385 ; history
of paving-blocks in, 429, 473
Royal Society, its rarities, 467
Rudder (Samuel), his birthplace, 1726, 244
Rules for servants, sixteenth- century, 166
Rumney or Romney (George), recusant, c. 1611,
169
Ruskin (John) on Dante and a font, 17
Russel (Miss) and Prince Bismarck, 1836, 47
Russell (Alex.) on W. A. Clouston, 328
Russell (Lady) on Essex as Christian name, 377
Scott (Sir Walter), his poet ancestor, 336
Russell (Right Hon. G. W. E.) on authors of
quotations wanted, 15*
Faber (Rev. P. W.), 54
Junius and the horsewhipping of the Duke
of Bedford, 410, 495
King (Bishop Edward), 307
Rutland (Roger, fifth Earl of), and Shakespeare,
307, 357
Rylands (John) Library, exhibition of Bibles, 281
S. on Nottingham monastery not in Dugdale, 53
S. (A.) on Ainsworth the lexicographer, 476
S. (A. H.) on John Hudson, 197
S. (H.) on Thackeray and the stage, 74
S. (H. K. St. J.) on corn and dishonesty, 95
Murderers reprieved for marriage, 298
S. (J. S.) on Milton Bibles, 1
S. (L.) on pawper or pauper bird, 89
S. (M. L.) on Rossetti on art, 407
S. (S.) on alien priories, 255
Custom House cutters, 477
' Guide for the Penitent,' 272
Leader of the House of Commons, 176
Thane (John), print-seller and engraver, 338
S. (S. W.) on Walter R. Benjamin, 393
Bethlem Royal Hospital, 254
Church briefs, 473
Pyrrhus's toe, 174
Rolle's ' Prick of Conscience,' 277
S — r (W.) on Samuel Rogers and Disraeli, 268
S. (T.) on souchy, 449
S. (T. H.) on Dryden as a place-name, 137
S. (W.) on black bandsmen in the Army, 336, 371
Holwell family : J. Pigott : J. Power, 272
Rags left at wells, 471
" Secure arms," 346
Terrace, 252
Victory : early ships of the name, 113
S. (W. S.) on authors of quotations wanted, 15
Ballantyne (James) Kelso press, 397
Bibles with curious readings, 433
Conyngham (Lady), 37
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 54
Echoes, remarkable, 352
S. (W. S.) on ' Plying Dutchman,' 95
Folk-lore bibliography, 175
Howard (Cecil), 238
Jamineau (Isaac), 73
Junius and the Duke of Bedford, 292
Leake and Martin- Leake families, 56
Mother's maiden name as children's surname*
154
Napoleon print, 197
Parish formation, 253
' Ralph Roister Doister,' 454
Smiths of Parndon, Hertfordshire, 95
Tennyson's ' Flower in the crannied wall/
358
" Terse " claret, 117
Thackeray (Thomas James), 132
Victoria (Queen), her maternal great-grand-
mother, 471
' White Hand and a Black Thumb,' 338
Woodville (Elizabeth) and the Kings of
Cologne, 18
SS, Collar of, and the motto " Souvent me
souvient," 361, 413, 453
Sackbut, parody of Oxford official edict, 35
Saillie, sailye, sally = a projection, outjutting
room, 134
Sailors' R's, the term explained, 57
St. Anne, churches dedicated to, changed to All
Saints, 148
St. Dunstan and Tunbridge Wells, 489
St. George, and the dragon, 467 ; and the lamb.
487
St. Helena portraitist, Denzil Ibbetson, 327, 391
St. Hyacinthus, churches dedicated to, 72
St. Leger (Sir Anthony) and Tottel's * Miscellany,'
201, 322, 423
St. Mark's, North Audley Street, its notice board,
235
St. Mark's Eve : " Watching the supper," 305
St. Mary Redcliffe, Bristol, Perm memorial in, 125
St. Patrick and shamrock, 467
St. Prothus, churches dedicated to, 72
St. Swithin on adders' fat as cure for deafness, 117
" Capping " at Scottish Universities, 478
Charades by Col. Fitzpatrick, 356
Chartres Cathedral, 448
Coroner of the Verge, 96
Cowper's ' Charity ' : " porcelain," 456
Dogs on brasses and stone effigies, 376
Fishing in classical times, 453
John de Cosington, 133
Lear (King) and his family, 481
Murderers reprieved for marriage, 195
" Rebecca and her Daughters," 89
SS. Prothus and Hyacinthus, 72
Sanctuary rings, 436
Thread-papers, 90
Wall churches, 434
Woolsthorpe, its derivation, 418
St. William's Day, historical observance of, at
York, 107
St. Zita's Chapel, Ely, built by Sir WT. Langstow,
1456, 229
Salmon (David) on authors of quotations wanted,
177
Dutchmen in Pembroke, 293
Sampson (G.) on Macaulay's allusions, 207
' Saturday Review ' and the Saxons, 147
Sampson family of Yorkshire, 349
Samwell (Rev. J.) of Broadway Meeting, Somer-
set, 9, 75
Sanctuary rings, their origin and use, 347, 436
Sandgate, Mrs. Siddons's visit, 227
528
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.-
Sandgate Castle and Brigadier-General Twiss's
plans, 309
Sargeaunt (J. ) on a cousin of Boswell, 292
' Saturday Beview ' on the Saxons, 147
Savage (Canon E. B.) on " Bezant," 170
Dutchmen in Pembroke, 292
Mail coach, last. 237
Bags left at wells, 470
" Ware " potatoes, 179
Sawyer (Dr. Frank J.), and the song ' Britons,
Strike Home ! ' 367, 412, 472
Saxons, ' Saturday Beview ' on, 147
Sayre : Fairfax : Maunsell, c. 1531, 88, 176
Scales family, 468
Scarborough Spa, earliest mention of, 129, 157, 234
Scarf, baptismal, heirloom of Fitzwilliam family,
165, 215
Scattergood (Bernard P.) on Aislabie family, 108
Scavenger and scavager, etymology of the word,
146, 336
Schank (Lionel) on " All comes out even," &c., 74
Garlike (Benjamin), 196
Echoes, remarkable, 352
Schloesser (F.) on Beefsteak Club, 117
Dods (Meg) and ' Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 209
Lacy as a place-name, 8
Twins and second sight, 469
School account, 1751, 406
Schopenhauer (Arthur), translation of an epigram
by, 128, 156
Schroeder (Rev. W. Lawrence) on authors of
poems wanted, 377
Scotland, English actors in 1599 and 1601, 474
Scots music, Bobert Fergusson on, 349, 496
Scott (Sir Walter), his use of the word " vail,"
86, 131, 175 ; hero and setting sun in ' Old
Mortality,' 207, 275 ; Meg Dods and cookery
book, 209, 257 ; " erewhile " in ' Quentin
Durward,' 266 ; his poet ancestor, 287, 336 ;
Fingon clan in ' Waverley,' 487 ; " manna of
St. Nicholas " in ' Kenilworth,' 488
Scott (W.) on " All comes out even," &c., 74
Authorized Version : date of its translation,
394
Authors of quotations wanted, 313
Battle in Lincolnshire, 135
Bright (John), his quotations, 15
Brisbane (Sir Thomas Makdougall), 491
1 Casabianca,' 233
' Church Historians of England,' 374
Coryat (Thomas) and Westminster School, 72
Dickens : " Shallabalah," 153
Dods (Meg) and ' Cook and Housewife's
Manual,' 257
Dryden as a place-name, 138
' Edwin Drood,' 472
Gale family, 297
Governors of the Boyal Hospital, Chelsea,
235
Grant (James) of Bengal, 355
" Great George our King," 471
Great Snow in 1614, 14
Henningsen (Charles Frederick) and Kossuth,
55
Henry, Prince of Wales : mark on his neck,
334
Librarians, eminent, 13
Lockwood (William Joseph), 97
London gunsmiths and their work, 319
Montfort (Simon de) : translation of French
poem, 297
Newspaper, first halfpenny, 431
Scott (W.) on Viscount Ossington, 38
Pitt (William), Letter on Superstition, 218
Pitt and Wilkes on disfranchisement. 78
Raleigh (Sir Walter) and tobacco, 34
Scots music, 496
Scott (Sir Walter), his poet ancestor. 336
Ship lost in the fifties, 76
Smeaton (Lords) and Smeaton family, 316
" Tertium quid," 131
Thackeray and pugilism, 111
' Tit for Tat,' American novel, 56
' Voice from the Bush,' 115, 214
Watson family at Milnhorn and Black law,
135
Scott (Ulster) on Boebuck and the Arcoul. French
privateer, 288
Scottish titles conferred by Oliver Cromwell,
88, 193, 374, 416
Scotus on Artephius, ' De Characteribus Plane-
tarum,' 36
Black Prince's language, 116
Burns and ' The Wee Wee German Lairdie,'
354
Cackling clouts : carpillions, 358
Canova's busts of Mars and Minerva, 95
" Carent," 97
Chalmers (Sir Charles), Bt., 158
Charles (Prince) of Bourbon-Capua, 394
Christmas bough : Christmas bush, 15
Christmas mummers as mammals or birds,
14
Cowper's " God moves in a mysterious wav,"
153
Dawes (Sophie), Baronne de Feucheres, 71
Gamnecourt in Picardy : Barbara de Bierle,
112 '
Geffery le Bakester de Loffithe, 372
' Hamlet ' in 1585, 474
Holmes (Alexander), 1848, 173
Macaulay's allusions, 278
Milton in Ireland, 453
Pastrana (Miss), 94
Pauper's badge, 55
Quaker oats, 75
Bags left at wells, 470
" Bebecca and her Daughters," 195
Biddle of claret, 76
Siege of Derry : Bev. James Gordon, 457
Siligo : sprig : beckab : draget, 233
Songs of the peasantry, 334
Stair divorce, 1820, 74
Wet hay, 114
Scout = spy, sneak, early use of the word, 165
Scrutator on adders' fat as cure for deafness, 69
Scythian on Albertus a Lasco, 149
Seaton (D. B.) on Swammerdam's ' History of
Insects,' 448
Seaton (M.) on bird quotations, 69
Swallow in Greek carol, 69
Second sight, twins' power of, 469
Secular = aged, " secular trees," early use of the
word, 207
" Secure arms," meaning of the military phrase,
346
" Sedulous ape," origin of the phrase, 207
Seekers, religious sect, its history, 207, 255
Seeley & Co. on ' Church Historians of England,'
373
Sef ton = carriage, origin of the word, 447, 198
Segundo, meaning of the word, 347, 395
Senescens on Lady O'Looney's epitaph, 108
Senior (W.) on Clarkson Stanfield, R.A., 4(H»
Servants, sixteenth-century, rules for, 166
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
529
Seward (Anna), date of her baptism, c. 1744, 44
Sex :1 brown sex = female sex, 36
Seymour (S. K.) on sonnets by Rafael, 353
Shakespeare (W.) and Godfrey Goodman, 246 ;
his quotations from the Prayer Book, 301,
391, 439; "page" in his epitaph, 304; and
Roger, fifth Earl of Rutland, 307, 357 ; Tallis
& Co.'s edition, its literary value, 367, 412
Shakespeare allusions, early, [305 ; in Burton,
366
Shakespeariana : —
All's Well that ends Well, Act I. sc. i.,
" cold," 304
Hamlet, Act IV. sc. vii., " Stood challenger
on mount of all the age," 304
King Lear, Act II. sc. ii., " Approach, thou
beacon to this under globe," 303 ; and his
family, 481
Lucrece, new readings hi, 183
Measure for Measure, French parallel, 304
Passionate Pilgrim, new readings in, 183
" Shallabalah " from ' Old Curiosity Shop,'
origin of the word, 68, 111, 153, 231
Shamrock and St. Patrick, 467
Sheep, their colour influenced by drinking-
water, 466
Sheffield plate dish, Queen's Regiment, 70, 138,
239
Shelley (P. B.) and Leigh Hunt, 21
Shepherd (T.) on " Aleppo Merchant " Inn, 396
'" Almighty dollar," 211
Bibles with curious readings, 284
King (Bishop Edward), 378
Lawrence Street, St. Giles's-in-the-Fields,
398
Orgeat, 435
Putney Bowling-Green, 433
Vesey (John), Archbishop of Tuam, 478
Shepster, meaning of the word, 464
Sherborne (Lord) on Sybil, Queen of Scotland,
116
Sheridan (R. B.) and Bishop Hall, literary parallel,
104
Sherson (E. Stuart) on Dickens : " Shallabalah,"
111
Ewbank family, 449
Shersons of Ellel Craig and Lancaster, 167
Sherson family of Ellel Craig and Lancaster, 167,
236
Sherwood (G.) on mother's maiden name as
children's surname, 218
Sherwood (Rev. H. M.), Worcestershire incum-
bent 71 years, 186
Shewen (William), Quaker, b. 1631, his parentage,
309
Ship, H.M., lost c. 1850, identification, 76, 118
Shipdem (James), 1688, his biography, 407, 478
Ships : early ships of the name Victory, 68, 113
Shorter (Clement K.) on underground Soho, 127
Shrubsole (W. H.) on * Coming Nation,' 367
Siddons (Mrs.), her visit to Sandgate, 227
Sieveking (A. Forbes) on Charles Bridgman,
gardener, 188
Cook (Capt.) memorial, 165
Signs, London, list of, 64, 426
Siligo, 14th-century word, its meaning, 233
Silius Italicus and Macaulay, 444
Simpson, Anderson, and Dickson genealogies,
188
Sinister : bar " sinister," early example, 212
Sixteenth-century rules for servants, 166
Skeat (Prof. W. W.) on boole-lead : bole: bull,
411
Carpillions : gainshot : suffice, 213
Elz0= already, 72
Epigram in Schopenhauer, 156
Goulands in Ben Jonson, 136
Hackney and Tom Hood, 78
Knots in handkerchiefs : Indian custom, 97
Lacy as a place-name, 137
" Long home," 265
" Mouner," 271
Oundle, 137, 153
Pawper or pauper bird, 290
Perthroat, 457
Rhubarb, its derivation, 392
Scavenger and scavager, 336
Shepster, 464
Tewke, tuke, kind of cloth, 155
Woolsthorpe, its derivation, 418
Skolpyne = a fish, temp. Edward IV., 269, 335
Skrine or Skreene (Mrs.), c. 1765, her biography,-
17
Sladen (Rev. S.) on authors of quotations wanted,.
29
Cromwellian pulpits, 407
Figures rising from the dead, 407
Slippers : tab slippers or Fenelons, 146
Sloinan (Samuel George), d. 1846, his parentage,.
108
Smallpox and the stars, comparison in poem,
167,211,335
Smeaton (Lords), and the Smeaton or Smitton
family, 209, 316
Smeaton or Smitton family and the Lords Smea-
ton, 209, 316
Smith (Charlotte),! her poem 'St. Monica,' 228,
298
Smith (Constance) on Mozart's works, 187
Smith (E.) on Oundle, 137, 298
Smith (Prof. G. C. Moore) on clergymen as
esquires, 409
Gentleman : armiger : privilegiatus, 231
Gratious or Gracines Street, 212
Harvey (Gabriel), his letter-book, 261 ; his
marginalia, 409
Ship lost in the fifties, 76
Smith (Jeremy), Ranger of Windsor Park 1666 r
his biography, 70, 115
Smith (Mrs. M. E.), her ' Tit for Tat,' 56, 76, 112
Smith (Capt. Thomas), his expedition to Ireland,
1571, 286
Smith family of Parndon, Hertfordshire, 95
Smitton or Smeaton family and the Lords Smeatonr
209, 316
Smyth (Rev. Robert), his collection of Bedford-
shire epitaphs, 207
Snell (F. S.) on Montagu Gerrard Drake, 72
Prior (Matthew), his birthplace, 91
Sweetapple surname, 213
Snooks on Mew or Mewes families, 478
Snow, great fall in 1614, 13, 158
Snow statues, works on, 308
Soho, underground passages hi, 127, 173 ; Greek
Church and proprietary chapels, 466
Soldank, Sudane, or Soudan family, 88
Solicitors in Grange Court, St. Clement Danes,
1730-50, 28, 118
Solomons (Israel) on George Aarons, P.M., 289
D'Israeli (Benjamin) of Dublin, 134
Soltero (El) on Christian names used by men and
women, 387
Mad Archy Campbell, 427
Somerset, arms of the county, 30, 77
530
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
Songs and Ballads (see also Anonymous) : —
Britons, Strike Home ! 1696, 367, 412, 472
Flying Dutchman, 48, 95,132
Great George our King, 1745, 387, 471
Let us go hence, my songs, 128, 155, 177
Lizzie Lindsay, 488
O dear, my good masters, pray what shall
I do ? 128
To the West! To the West! 187,236
Tony Lumpkin and his uncle, 269
Walrus and the Carpenter, parody, 35
'Songs of the peasantry, 47, 97, 334
Sonnets by Raphael, 208, 297, 353
Sotheby (Messrs.) on a comma in ' Complete
Angler,' 466
Souchy=fish stew, old cooking recipe, 449
Soudan, Sudane, or Soldank family, 88
Southumbrian on harvest superstitions : judg-
ments on impiety, 277
Spa, earliest association with Scarborough, 129,
157, 234
Speaker's chair of the old House of Commons,
50,93
Spencer (George John, second Earl), his death,
1834, 46
Spider's web and fever, 96, 174
:Spiera (Francis), Charles Lamb, and Burton, 61,
152, 212, 374
Spitting and stamping the feet in the Litany,
148, 217, 294, 396
Spong (Rosamond), d. 1840, her epitaph and
descent, 269
Sprig, 14th-century word, its meaning, 233
Spring on owns : blithering, 148
Spurgeon (C. H.), his knowledge of Greek, 267, 476
Squires of England, stories relating to, 227
Stael (Baron de) in Scotland, 238
Stafford (Christopher), Rector of Bothal, 1691-
1730, 469
Staffordshire charter, c. 1180, witnesses of, 349
Stage, Thackeray's connexion with, 28, 74, 91,
132
Stage history : Wilson Barrett, 225, 276
Stained glass, old, in Essex churches, 41
Stair divorce, 1820, the co-respondent,. 74, 174
Stamping the feet and spitting in the Litany,
148, 217, 294, 396
Stamps, postage, inventions for perforating, 183,
251
Standerwick (J. W.) on Rev. J. Samwell, Rev. J.
Peacock, 9
:Stanfield (Clarkson), R.A., his biography, 409,
454
Stapleton (A.) on burial-entries of strangers, 84
Gray (Thomas) and mail coaches, 288
Indexes Locorum to printed parish registers,
256
Nottingham monastery not in Dugdale, 53
Roeites of Calverton : Wroeites of Australia,
9, 272, 385, 455
Sweetapple surname : Benjamin Hodgkin,
294
Tallard (Marshal), prisoner of war, 289
Wall churches, 377
Wedgwood ware and water-carriage, 46
Star on " mouner," 229
Stars and smallpox, comparison in poem, 167,
211, 335
Statues : in the British Isles, 22, 222, 421 ; of
George I., 152 ; of Queen Elizabeth in Royal
Exchange, 187, 230, 315 ; of Wellington in
London, 285
Statues of snow, works on, 308
Stebbins (Herbert W.), 1900, his address, 87
Steele (J. T.) on motto of Exhibition of 1851, 11
Stencil, derivation of the word, 138
Step (E.) on Skolpyne, 335
Stephenson (Philip E.) on ' Pickwick ' difficulties,
267
' Pickwick ' queries, 68
Stepney-Gulston (Alan) on twenty-four acts of
chivalry, 129
Steuart (A. F.) on Prince Charles of Bourbon-
Capua, 393
Herbert (Governor), 325
Stevenage, epitaph at, 485
Stewards, High, and Recorders at the Restora-
tion, 17, 138, 376
Stewart (Alan) on Black Hole of Calcutta : Henry
Lushington, 265
" Hie locus odit, amat," 131
Honorary degrees at Cambridge, 167
Junius and the horsewhipping of the Duke
of Bedford, 455
Madan (Major James Russell), 249
Stewart (C. Nelson) on " manna of St. Nicholas,"
488
Stick- in- the-Mud, nickname, earliest use, 106,
175, 257
Sticklac, use of substance and word in 1742, 166
Stirling (Mrs. A. M. W.) on Col. Oakes and Queen
Caroline's funeral, 69
Stockley (W. F. P.) on Litany : spitting and
stamping the feet, 396
Mediaeval " Oberammergaus," 267
Stoke Newington parish registers, 1559-1812,
244
Stone (Andrew), c. 1748, his biography, 450
Stone (G.), Archbishop of Armagh, his biography, .
450
Stone effigies, dogs and animals on, 208, 310,
376, 451
Stopes (C. C.) on Liberty of Blackfriars, 465
Lunatics : then? treatment in Elizabeth's
reign, 326
Order for a Bible temp. James I., 284
Suffolk (Henry, Duke of), 445
Tallis and Bird, 487
Stone ( J. Harris) on rags left at wells, 409
Stowes (Margaret \= Miles Gale, 1712, their
descendants, 208, 316
Strachan (L. R. M.) on cousin of Boswell, 338
Montfort (Simon de) : translation of French
poem, 353
Puckled, 78
Smallpox and the stars, 335
Stael (Baron de) in Scotland, 238
Strangers, burial-entries of, 84
Street (E. E.) on woodyer, 116
Street-name : Lawrence Street, 309, 398, 437
" Strike of Saunsons," meaning of the phrase, 108
Subsidy Rolls, Lancashire, 1663, 369
Subterranean chamber in Staffordshire temp.
Charles II., 89
Suckling (F. H.) on Thomas Fletcher the poet,
407
High Stewards and Recorders at the Restora-
tion : Roger Gollop, M.P., 376
Kelsey family of Hants, 348
Moor, More, and Moory-Ground, 450
Sudane, Soudan, or Soldank family, 88
Sufflee, meaning of the word, 168, 213, 358
Suffolk (Henry, Duke of) and letter from Bishop
of London, 1590, 445
Sumner (Miss) : Mrs. Skrine c. 1765, 17
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
531
Superstition, William Pitt's letter on, 1733, 107,
218
Surgical works in will dated c. 1623, 306
Surname, mother's maiden name used as, 107, 154,
218
Surnames : Chamney, Cholmondeley, Chulmley,
Chumley, 3, 295, 418 ; Payne, 36 ; Sweet-
apple, 66, 134, 213, 293 ; Bullyvant, Bulfin,
Bulfinch, 444 ; Halfacree, 467 ; Lush, 490 ;
Lushington, 490
Surr (Watson) on Cowper's " God moves in a
mysterious way," 10
Sussex on Isola family, 58
Sustermans (Justus), 1597-1670, pictures by,
267, 314, 418
Sutocs on Sir William Ashton, 477
Barnet, battle of, its site, 414
Gordon (Beatrix) = Robert Arbuthnot, 234
Hampshire map, 236
Mackaye (Sandy) in ' Alton Locke,' 416
Tallard (Marshal), prisoner of war, 396
Swaen (A. E. H.) on Gray's ' Elegy ' : transla-
tions and parodies, 145
Swallow in Greek carol, the translator, 69
Swammerdam, his ' History of Insects ' translated,
448
Swan marks in will dated 1593, 306
Swanzy (H. B.) on Euseby Cleaver, Archbishop
of Dublin, 53
Cotter (Rogerson), 53
Fitzgerald (William), 53
Swedish mission to Abyssinia, 1866, 288, 417
Sweetapple surname, 66, 134, 213, 293
Sword by Moore of Old Bond Street c. 1799, 228
Swynnerton (C.) on Staffordshire charter c. 1180,
349
Sybil, Queen of Scotland, her parentage, 44, 116
Sylvester (John), and Conway to Bangor road,
1770, 448
Sylviola on London remains, 346
T. (C.) on " Stick-in-the-Mud," 175
T. (J.) on Benjamin D'Israeli of Dublin, 28, 278
T. (W.) on Danes'-blood, a flower, 16
T and c interchanged in words and place-names,
229, 351, 398
Tailors, itinerant, obsolete practices, 34
Tale : ' The new Talys,' printed 1534, identified,
66
Tallard (Marshal), prisoner in England, 1704, his
letters and portrait, 289, 396
Tallis and Bird, their licence to print songs, 1574,
487
Tallis & Co., their edition of Shakespeare, 367,
412
Talman and J. Webb's architectural drawings,
247
Tavar6 (P. Lawrence) on church with wooden
bell-turret, 156
Tavenor-Perry (J.) on Andrew Arter's memorial,
75
Sanctuary rings, 347
Taverns, London, list of, 64, 426
Tavern Signs: —
Acorn, 2
Aleppo Merchant, 289, 396
Black Raven, 2
George Inn, Woburn, 147, 172
Keep within Compass, 55
Tavern Signs: —
Lamb, 2
Old Mogul, 86, 153, 235
One Swan, 403
Sun, 2
Tay (Row) on ' Death of Capt. Cook,' 132
Garrard (Rev. Mr.), 353
Marine insurance, 157
Taylor (C. S.) on w_all churches at Bristol, 287
Taylor (H.) on ancient crosses, 317
Defoe Methodist Chapel, Tooting, 54
Temple Bar in 1851, 105
Taylor (Jeremy), quotations in, 122
Teapoy, meaning of the word, 149, 194, 272, 318
Teesdale Legion, Durham volunteer corps c. 1800.
28
Teetotal, early use of the word, 29
Telegraphy, early system of, 24, 191
Templar on Mew or Mewes families, 105
Temple Bar in 1851, London gateway removed,
105
Temple Church organ and Judge Jeffreys, 427,452,
476
Tenedish, use and derivation of the word, 38
Tennyson (Lord), his ' Flower in the crannied
wall,' 167, 358
Tenure customs, ancient, 269
Ternant (Andrew de) on ' Big Ben ' and Phil
May, 237
Longfellow on Dufresny, 26
" Terra Susana," meaning of the phrase, 83, 235
Terrace, as name for row of houses, 207, 251, 291,
332, 391
" Terse " claret, origin of the term, 7, 116
" Tertium quid," earliest use of the phrase, 67,
131
" Tertius gaudens," source of the expression, 327
Tew (E. L. H.) on Essex as Christian name, 173
Gillespie (Robert Rollo) at Vellore, 397
Mary Tudor's grave, 246
Young (Rev. Edward), 148
" Tewke," " tuke," kind of cloth c. 1490, 87, 130,
155
Textor (loannes Ravisius) and Roger Ascham,
441
Thackeray (T. J.), playwright c. 1826, and W. M.
Thackeray, 28, 132, 215
Thackeray (W. M.), and pugilism, 28, 111 ; and
the stage, 28, 74, 91, 132 ; his last words, 47,
91 ; his broken nose, 162, 251
Thane (John), printseller and engraver, 1748-
1818, 227, 338
Thane (Thomas), his collection of MSS., 369
Theses by Principal Andrew Aidie of Danzig and
Aberdeen, 246
Thirty-Nine Articles as " forms of thought," 147
Thirty Years' War and Father Quiroga, 409,
452, 498
Thomas (Ralph) on Auguste Jal, 446
Musical dictionaries, 342
Pastrana (Julia), 23
Watch (Will), 492
' Yahoo ' : William Watts, 355
Thoresby pedigree, 188, 258
Thorn-Drury (G.) on Shakespeare allusions, 305
Thorne (J. R.) on moving pictures to cinemato-
graphs, 57
Poor Souls' Light : " Totenlaterne," 32
Thornton (R. H.) on " almighty dollar," 109
Alnwick : walking through a bog, 47
American words and phrases, 48
Dutchmen in Pembroke, 189
532
INDEX.
Notes and Qut vies, July 29, 1911.
Thornton (R. H.) on " First aerial ship," 65
" In black and white," 206
Jordan not a type of baptism, 181
Legal macaronics, 6
' Pilgrim's Progress ' imitated, 9
Rags left at wells, 498
Shakespeare and Goodman, 246
Thread-papers, meaning of the term c. 1722, 8,
90, 153
Three wishes, variants of the story, 97
Thruston (C. S. M.) on ancient horn, 187
Thursby (Fortescue) on Thoresby pedigree, 188
Titles, Scottish, conferred by Oliver Cromwell,
88,193,374,416
Tobacco, Sir Walter Raleigh's use of it, 34, 175
Told (Silas) and Newgate prisoners. 86, 173
Tollner (W. M.) of Cheam, patron of cricket
c. 1850, 129
Tolls, paid for horses at market in mediaeval times,
' Tom Jones,' " Dowdy " in, 289
Tooting, Methodist Chapel, founded by Defoe, 54
Totenlaterne, stone lanterns in old churches,
30, 336
Tottel (R.), his ' Miscellany,' Puttenham's ' Arte
of English Poesie,' and Chaucer, 82 ; his ' Mis-
cellany,' Sir Anthony St. Leger, and J. Haring-
ton, 201, 322, 423
Trade-mark granted by letters patent, 126
Traherne. See Treherne.
Trant (Sir Patrick), Bt., his descendants, 334
Trecothick (Barlow), Lord Mayor 1770, 11, 330
Treherne (T.), poet, his rimes to " joy," 232
Trenchard (H. W.) on ' Pickwick ' difficulties,
332
Trout or Trowte family, 334
Trowte or Trout family, 334
" Tuke," " tewke," kind of cloth c. 1490, 87, 130,
155
Tunbridge Wells and St. Dunstan, the tradition,
489
Turcopolier : Knights Hospitallers, 12
Turner (F.) on Chertsey cartularies, 115
Smith (Jeremy), 1666, 115
Turner (Thomas) of Balcombe, d. c. 1899, his
biography, 328
Turner and Peake families, 127
Turneur (T.) on Thomas Turner of Balcombe,
328
Twins and second sight, 469
Twiss (Brigadier-General), c. 1805, and Sandgate
Castle, 309
U
U. on " Aleppo Merchant " Inn, 396
Aniphisba3nic book, 176
Boswell's cousin, 292
Da Costa, 475
Dedications, double, 298
Udal (J. S.) on arms of the Archbishops of York,
351
Elephant and castle in heraldry, 237
Jeffreys (Judge) and the Temple organ, 427
Udal (N.), his ' Ralph Roister Doister,' 367, 413,
454, 496
Underground passages, Soho, their history, 127,
173
Unicorn on royal arms, its origin, 187, 273, 297
' Universities and the Scientific Corps,' a pamphlet,
1872, 308
Unthank (R. A. H.) on Bethlem Royal Hospital,
254
Upas tree, W. E. Gladstone on, 367, 414
Urllad on Thomas Coryat and Westminster
School, 29
Urswick, list of pre-Reformation vicars, 387
Uttoxeter, first book printed at, 1800, 405, 454
V. on ' Hamlet ' in 1585, 474
V. (Q.) on amphisba3nic book, 89
Blackstone's ' Commentaries,' first edition..
98
" Chartuary " : " Tale," 66
Rice for the complexion, 189 •
Teetotal : early use, 29
William of Ware, 68
Vail = to lower, use of the word bv Scott, 86,.
131, 175
Valle (Robert de), of Pembrokeshire, temp-
Edward I. ,,349
Vane (W. L.) on Teesdale Legion, 28
Varennes, arrest of Louis XVI. at, 203
Vein = swamp in Anglo-Irish, 346
Veneti, tribe of north-west coast of Gaul, their
name, 186
Verge, Coroner of the, obsolete royal office, 30r
96, 236
Vernon (Admiral), d. 1757, and Oakendean,
Cowfold, 348
Vesey (John), Archbishop of Tuam, his marriage,
429, 478 '
Vestris (Madame), ' Memoirs of the Life,' published'
1839, 328, 371
Vestry meeting, annual, held on Lady Day, 288y
338, 473
Vicars of Urswick, pre-Reformation, list of, 387
Victoria (Queen), her maternal great-grandmother,.
387, 438, 471
Victory, early ships of the name, 68, 113
Vigers (Edgar H.) on Catherine Hyde, 268
Vigors (Bishop Bartholomew), 1643-1721, his
biography, 289
Vole (Jean), sentence in ' Les Arrivants.' 148V
178, 217
Voltaire (Frangois M. A. de), and J. J. Rousseau,.
447 ; on the Bible, 450
Vos (F. H. de) on Ananias as a Christian name, 49T
Phear (Sir John Budd), 472
W
W. on D'Urfey and Allan Ramsay, 467
W. (A. T.) on Essex as Christian name, 92
Mason (Col.), his Coffee-House, 449
W. (C.) on ' A Voice from the Bush,' 214, 271
W. (C. J.) on Chard : arms in the Abbot's room,.
249
W. (E. L.) on Avice Capell = John Warner, 228,
314
W. (G. H.) on battle in Lincolnshire, 136
Valle (Robert de), 349
W. (L. A.) on ' A Voice from the Bush,' 115
W. (S. S.) on " Almighty dollar," 211
Fishing in classical times, 350
Hyde (Catherine), 378
Wilson (Lea), his collection of Bibles, 177
W. (T. S. R.) on Court life, 156
Long barrows and rectangular earthworks, 273
" No great shakes," 257
' Refuge,' 1808, 497
Shipdem (James), 1688, 478
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
INDEX.
533
W. (T. W.) on London gunsmiths and their work, I
210
W. (W. H.) on Governors of the Royal Hospital,
Chelsea, 127
Wadsworth (Arthur) on Speaker's chair of the old
House of Commons, 50
Wainewright (J. B.) on Sir John Arundel of
Clerkenwell, 491
Authors of quotations wanted, 177
Bathurst (Benjamin), 91
Boxall (John), 162
Clergymen as esquires, 454
Chalmers (William) of Fintray and Fastem-
burg, 298
Confession of Louis XVI., 355
Conspirators of 1562, 67
Coryat (Thomas) and Westminster School, 72
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 194
Coutances, Winchester, and the Channel
Islands, 126
" Die in beauty," 112
Elmham (William), 192
French Chapel in Little George Street, 245
Marriage of divorced persons temp. Eliza-
beth, 478
Murder on Gad's Hill, 1661, 271
Pole (Geoffrey), 45, 154
Poor Souls' Light : " Totenlaterne," 31
I Portrait in Pitti Gallery : Justus Sustermans,
314
Vanishing London : proprietary chapels,
193
Wainwright (T.) on Ananias as a Christian name,
333
Lacy as a place-name, 137
44 Wait and see," political catchword, 366, 434
Wales (Albert Edward, Prince of), as church-
warden, 145, 334
Wales (Henry, Prince of), mark on his neck, 87,
334
Walker (Benj.) on Chartres Cathedral, 497
Walker (George), Bishop of Derry, c. 1690,
Kneller's picture of, 227, 276
Walker (H.) on corsets and tight lacing, 248
Wall churches at Bristol, c. 1153, 287, 377, 434
Wallas (W.) on Andrew Lang on the Odyssey, 49
Walters (R.) on Man in the Iron Mask dramatized,
312
Walton (Izaak), his name and that of Charles
Cotton on medal, 1824, 329, 397 ; ' Complete
Angler,' comma cut away, 466
' Walrus and the Carpenter,' parody on, 35
Ward (H. G.) on the brown sex, 36
Corpse bleeding hi presence of the murderer,
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 54
Dutch words in English, 386
Englishmen as German authors, 161
Gray's ' Elegy ' : translations and parodies,
145
Henry of Navarre and three-handled cup,
33
Howe (Anna) and Charlotte Grandison, 164
Librarians, eminent, 13
Napoleon and the Little Red Man, 54
Poor Souls' Light : " Totenlaterne," 31
Richardson (Samuel), his birth, 127
Richardson (Samuel) and the English philo-
sophers, 5
Richardson (Samuel) and the Methodists,
124
Winchester quart : Corbyn : Chopin, 56
Ward (John) on Thackeray's nose, 162
Ward (H. Snowden) on ' Nicholas Nickleby,'
" Popylorum tibi," 392
Ware, word used in potato trade, 109, 179
Warner (John) = Avice Capell, c. 1612, 228, 276,
314
Warrack (Alex.) on " cackling clouts," 168
" Capping " at Scottish Universities, 436
Elze = already, 72
Forsyth (James), 72
Warren (Algernon) on Dickens : " Shallabalah."
231
Lumpkin (Tony) and his uncle, 269
Warren ( J. R. Warren) on Warren family, 89
Warren family, 89
WTarry (Mrs.) on Duke of Marlborough's god-
mother, 369
Warwick Lane, its historical associations, 121, 193,
250, 353
Washington and Lawrence families, 1600, 245
Watch (Will), the smuggler, his identity, 492
Water-carriage of Wedgwood ware, c. 1780, 46
Water-shoes for walking on the water, 77, 177
WTatson (E.) on John Sylvester, 448
Watson (W. G. Willis) on dogs on brasses and
stone effigies, 451
Wall churches, 434
Watson family at Milnhorn and Blacklaw, 135
Watts (W.), ' The Yahoo,' c. 1842, 355
Wavell (W.) on Newenham Abbey, Devon, 110
Webb (John), his architectural drawings, 247
WTedgwood ware, water-carriage of, c. 1780, 46
Weekley (Ernest) on dominoes : their origin, 345
Tenedish, 38
" Terra susanna," 235
" Tewke," " tuke," 130
Weight of 1588, meaning of marking on, 408, 456
Welford (Richd.) on Ananias as a Christian name,
333
Wellington statues in London, 285
Wells, sacred, rags and clothes left at, 409,r470,
498
Wells (C.) on Penn Memorial, St. Mary Redcliffe,
Bristol, 125
Sixteenth-century rules for servants, 166
Welsh Printing Society, 263
Wernerina on " Love me, love my dog," 52
Wesley (Charles), musician, c. 1757-1834, his
biography, 388
Wesley (F. D.) on authors of quotations wanted.
388
St. Mark's, North Audley Street, 235
Wesley (Samuel), musician and composer, r. 1766-
1837, 388
West (Erskine E.) on Gamnecourt hi Picardy,
152
Ricketts : Goodwin : Johnson, 168
Vigors (Bishop Bartholomew), 432
Westminster and Simon Pincerna, 170
Westminster chimes, Anglo-Saxon hymn tune, 35
Wharton (Sir Miles), c. 1711, his biography, 309,
372
WTheeler (Stephen) on Landor bibliography :
poems hi ' The Examiner,' 364
Wherry (G.) on ear-piercing, 171
Yews in churchyards, 337
Whig Club, c. 1780, its history, 428
White (F. C.) on Kitty Cuthbertson the novelist,
429
Exhibition of 1851, 74
Macaulay's ancestry, 448
Mackaye (Sandy) in ' Alton Locke,' 209
Spurgeon (C. II.), hLs knowledge of Greek,
267, 476
534
INDEX.
Notes and Queries, July 29, 1911.
White (G-. H.) on baptismal scarf of the Fitz-
williams, 216
Bar " sinister," 212
Elizabeth (Queen), her statue in the Royal
Exchange, 315
Essex as Christian name, 295
Guichard d' Angle, 133
Owls called cherubims, 15
" Scavenger " and " scavager," 146
Sybil, Queen of Scotland : her parentage, 44
White lion of the house of March, 248, 316
White meats : wigs : afternooning, in sermon of
1718, 206
Whitwell (Robt. J.) on marine insurance, 107
Whytebeer or whyteheer, c. 1529, its meaning,
Wigs, a kind of cakes (?), in sermon of 1718, 206
Wilcox (Alderman), c. 1680, his identification, 27
Wilke (Dr. A. yon) on Bismarck, Miss Russel,
and Miss Loraine, 47
Wilkes (John), his disfranchisement scheme, 8, 77
Willcock (J.) on Rev. Mr. Garrard, 227
Quiroga (Father) and the Thirty Years' War,
409
Scottish titles conferred by Cromwell, 193
Seekers, religious sect, 207
William of Ware, quotations from, 68
Williams ( ) = Ralph Orde, c. 1600, 228
Williams (Basil) on William Pitt's Letter on
Superstition, 107
Williams (Sir C. Hanbury), Sir Woodbine Parish,
and Carlyle, 163
Williams (J. B.) on Cromwelliana, 341
Williams (Pryce Homfray) on Junius and the
Duke of Bedford, 375
Williams (W. J.) on Mrs. Browning's portrait,
367
Wilson (Lea), his collection of Bibles, 88, 177
Wilson (T.) on Quaker oats, 75
Yorker, at cricket, 37
Wilson (W. E.) on authors of quotations wanted,
147
Winchester, Coutances, and the Channel Islands,
126
Winchester quart, bottle used by druggists, 56,
185
Winkie on the " Bow-wow " style, 42
Wint (Peter de), artist, his works and portrait, 368.
418
Wisdom (E. I.) on Christian names used by men
and women, 456
Witham (Capt.) and siege of Gibraltar, 28, 78
Woodcut engravings and the transition
process blocks, 229
to
WoodvUle (Elizabeth) and the Kings of Cologne, 18
Woodwark (T. H.) on Capt. Cook memorial, 373
Woodyer, meaning of the word, 116
Woolsthorpe, Lines, derivation of place-name,
368, 418
Worcester House, Thames Street, print of, 450
Words, Dutch, in English, 386
Words and phrases, American, 48, 172, 196,
315, 354
Wortley-Montagu family, 149
Wotton (William), 6. 1666, graduated 1679, 32,
75, 334
Wright (C. T. Hagberg) on ' Nine Tailors of
Tooley Street,' 267
Wright (W. Ball) on Kitty Cuthbertson the
novelist, 475
Wright (W. S.) on Humphrey Henchman, 336
Wroeites of Australia and Roeites of Calverton,
385, 455
Wyche (Sir Peter), ambassador temp. Charles I.,
his portrait, 470
Wykeham (Miss), Baroness Wenman, c. 1818, 27,
71
Xylographer on " Clerk of the Papers," 368
Y. (X.) on Court life, 107
Yelverton (Speaker) and House of Commons
prayer, 467
Yews in churchyards, 166, 291, 337
Ygrec on authors of quotations wanted, 128
Drawing the organ : copes, 349, 475
Gourd or goord, building term, 67
Yonge (C. F.) on church briefs, 348
York (Archbishops of), their arms, 351
Yorker, cricket term, its derivation, 37
Young (Rev. Edward), author of * Night Thoughts/
148
Young (R. M.) on glass manufactured at Belfast,
473
Young Folks,' history of the periodical, 34, 71,
251
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